Damping valve and hydraulic damper using same

Abstract

A damping valve, comprising a damping valve assembly (100) and a valve body (200). The damping valve assembly (100) comprises: a main valve sleeve (1); a main valve core (2) inserted into an installation cavity (101) of the main valve sleeve (1), wherein the main valve core (2) can move in the axial direction of the main valve sleeve (1), a gap generated between the main valve core (2) and an opening (1011) of the installation cavity (101) is a first flow channel, a first passage (102) is formed on a side wall of the mounting cavity (101), the first flow channel can be in communication with the first passage (102), a first side cavity (103) is formed between the main valve core (2) and the inner wall of the mounting cavity (101), and the first passage (102) is in communication with the first side cavity (103); and a first elastic member (3). Also provided is a hydraulic damper using the damping valve.

Description

Damping valve and hydraulic damper using the same

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent applications filed on August 1, 2023, with application number 202310957144.5, titled “Damping valve and hydraulic damper using the damping valve”, and filed on July 21, 2023, with application number 202310905333.8, titled “Damping valve and hydraulic damper using the damping valve”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the technical field of hydraulic dampers, and in particular to a damping valve and a hydraulic damper using the damping valve. Background Art

[0004] A hydraulic damper is essentially a vibration damper and a type of shock absorber. Hydraulic dampers are used not only in vehicle suspension but also in other locations, such as the driver's cab, seats, and steering wheels. They can also serve as buffers in vehicle bumpers. They are also used to reduce vibration and dissipate energy in industries such as aerospace, aviation, military, and firearms, as well as in structural engineering projects like buildings, bridges, and railways.

[0005] In a vehicle's suspension system, vibrations generated by impacts on elastic elements cause relative motion between the axle (or wheel) and the vehicle frame (or body). To suppress this relative motion and quickly dissipate vibration energy, improving ride comfort, a hydraulic shock absorber can be installed in parallel with the elastic element. The operating principle is that when the axle and frame vibrate and experience relative motion, the piston-connecting rod assembly in the shock absorber reciprocates within the shock absorber cavity. The oil in the shock absorber cavity repeatedly flows from one cavity to another through different pores in the damping valve. Friction between the pore walls and the oil, as well as internal friction between the oil molecules, creates a damping force, converting mechanical vibration energy into heat, which is then absorbed by the oil and shock absorber and dissipated into the atmosphere. For factors such as the oil channel cross-section, the damping force increases or decreases with the speed of relative motion between the axle and frame and is related to the oil viscosity.

[0006] At present, the existing damping valve has limited control accuracy and range, which cannot bring people a comfortable driving experience. Its working characteristics lack multi-stage and multi-state control functions. For example, the existing damping valve can only be controlled in the throttling state or the overflow state, but cannot realize the multi-stage and multi-state control function, resulting in the flow-pressure curve of the damping valve being difficult to approach the required ideal curve, affecting the user's driving comfort.

[0007] The handling stability of a car is an important indicator for evaluating its performance. The handling stability of a car is related to the height of the car's center of gravity and the vehicle speed. The car's suspension system determines the height of the car body. In a suspension system that uses shock absorbers, the height of the shock absorber relatively determines the height of the car body, thereby indirectly affecting the center of gravity of the vehicle. Therefore, the height of the shock absorber is usually restricted.

[0008] Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present application provides a damping valve and a hydraulic damper using the damping valve.

[0010] A damping valve, comprising a damping valve assembly and a valve body, wherein the valve body is provided with an oil channel for oil inlet and outlet, and the damping valve assembly further comprises:

[0011] A main valve sleeve, wherein the main valve sleeve is provided with an installation cavity, an upper end of the installation cavity is provided with an opening, a side wall of the installation cavity is provided with a first channel, and the first channel is connected to the oil channel;

[0012] A main valve core, the main valve core is inserted into the installation cavity of the main valve sleeve, the main valve core can be displaced along the axial direction of the main valve sleeve, the gap between the main valve core and the opening of the installation cavity is a first flow channel, the first flow channel can be connected to the first channel, the main valve core is further provided with a through hole, a first side cavity is formed between the main valve core and the inner wall of the installation cavity, the first channel is connected to the first side cavity;

[0013] A first elastic member is used to apply an axial elastic force to the main valve core.

[0014] A hydraulic damper comprises a shock absorber and a damping valve, wherein the shock absorber is communicated with the damping valve.

[0015] The details of one or more embodiments of the present application are set forth in the accompanying drawings and the description below. Other features, objects, and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the description, drawings, and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to better describe and illustrate the embodiments and / or examples of the inventions disclosed herein, reference may be made to one or more of the accompanying drawings. The additional details or examples used to describe the accompanying drawings should not be considered to limit the scope of the disclosed inventions, the presently described embodiments and / or examples, and any of the best modes currently understood for these inventions.

[0017] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the main valve sleeve and the main valve core provided in Example 1 of the present application.

[0018] FIG2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the damping valve assembly provided in Example 1 of the present application.

[0019] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the main valve sleeve and the main valve core provided in Example 2 of the present application.

[0020] FIG4 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the damping valve assembly provided in the second embodiment of the present application.

[0021] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the main valve sleeve and the main valve core provided in Example 3 of the present application.

[0022] FIG6 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the damping valve assembly provided in the third embodiment of the present application.

[0023] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the main valve sleeve and the main valve core provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application.

[0024] FIG8 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the damping valve assembly provided in the fourth embodiment of the present application.

[0025] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between two groups of damping valve assemblies in the fifth embodiment of the present application.

[0026] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of the connection between two groups of damping valve assemblies in the fifth embodiment of the present application.

[0027] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of two groups of damping valve assemblies provided with disc valves in the fifth embodiment of the present application.

[0028] FIG12 is a schematic structural diagram of two groups of damping valve assemblies provided with disc valves in the fifth embodiment of the present application.

[0029] In the figure, 1, main valve sleeve; 101, installation cavity; 102, first channel; 103, first side cavity; 104, stage; 2, main valve core; 201, through hole; 202, first sealing member; 3, first elastic member; 4, regulating rod; 5, second elastic member; 6, support sleeve; 601, second channel; 602, outer movable cavity; 603, inner movable cavity; 7, auxiliary valve sleeve; 701, support platform; 702, outer cavity; 703, Control chamber; 704, second side chamber; 705, third channel; 706, fourth channel; 8, auxiliary valve core; 801, inner chamber; 802, oil hole; 803, second sealing member; 9, third elastic member; 10, disc valve; 100, damping valve assembly; 1011, opening; 1012, first groove; 200, valve body; 210, oil channel; 2011, boss structure; 2012 second groove; 400, regulating assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The following are specific embodiments of the present application and, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, further describe the technical solution of the present application, but the present application is not limited to these embodiments.

[0031] As shown in Figures 1 to 8, a damping valve is provided, which includes a damping valve assembly 100 and a valve body 200. The valve body 200 is provided with an oil channel 210 for oil inlet and outlet. The damping valve assembly 100 also includes a main valve sleeve 1, a main valve core 2 and a first elastic member 3.

[0032] The main valve sleeve 1 is provided with a mounting cavity 101 , an upper end of the mounting cavity 101 is provided with an opening 1011 , a side wall of the mounting cavity 101 is provided with a first channel 102 , and the first channel 102 is communicated with the oil channel 210 .

[0033] The main valve core 2 is inserted into the installation cavity 101 of the main valve sleeve 1. The main valve core 2 can be displaced along the axial direction of the main valve sleeve 1. The gap generated between the main valve core 2 and the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101 is the first flow channel, and the first flow channel can be connected to the first channel 102.

[0034] Specifically, the valve body 200 is provided with an oil channel 210 for the inflow and outflow of oil. The oil channel 210 includes a first oil channel and a second oil channel. The first oil channel and the second oil channel can both be used for oil inflow or oil outflow. When the first oil channel is used for oil inflow, the second oil channel is used for oil outflow. Conversely, when the first oil channel is used for oil outflow, the second oil channel is used for oil inflow.

[0035] The first channel 102 can be set at an angle. Setting the first channel as an inclined channel can reduce the axial size of the damping valve structure, and at the same time can guide the direction of the hydraulic force when the oil flows on the movement axis of the main valve core, thereby minimizing the lateral force, making the dynamic response speed and steady-state establishment of the main valve core faster, and also allowing the oil to enter or flow out of the first channel more smoothly, thereby reducing the oil flow damping and preventing internal blockage, so that the damping valve can operate more reliably and stably in actual work.

[0036] The main valve core 2 is inserted into the installation cavity 101 and can be displaced along the axial direction of the main valve sleeve 1. The main valve can be set to a normally closed state or a normally open state.

[0037] When the main valve is set to the normally closed state, in the initial state, the main valve core 2 closes the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101. At this time, no gap is generated between the main valve core 2 and the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101. As the pressure of the oil entering from the first channel 102 increases, the main valve core 2 gradually moves away from the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101. At this time, a gap is generated between the main valve core 2 and the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101, and the gap is the first flow channel.

[0038] When the main valve is set to a normally open state, in the initial state, there is a certain gap between the main valve core 2 and the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101 , and the gap is a first flow channel.

[0039] After the first flow channel is formed, it is connected with the first channel 102 and the second oil channel. The oil can enter from the first oil channel and then flow into the second oil channel through the first channel 102 and the first flow channel in sequence.

[0040] Optionally, the first elastic member 3 is used to apply an axial elastic force to the main valve core 2. The main valve core 2 is also provided with a through hole 201. A first side cavity 103 is formed between the main valve core 2 and the inner wall of the installation cavity 101. The first channel 102 is connected to the first side cavity 103.

[0041] Specifically, a through hole 201 is provided on the main valve core 2, which plays a pressure balancing role. The through hole 201 is used for the oil circulation in the upper and lower end faces of the main valve core 2, and always maintains the axial oil pressure balance of the upper and lower end faces of the main valve core 2 when the damping valve is working.

[0042] A first side cavity 103 is formed between the main valve core 2 and the inner wall of the installation cavity 101. The first channel 102 is connected to the first side cavity 103. Oil can flow into the first side cavity 103 from the first channel 102. When the oil fills the first side cavity 103, the oil pressure acts on the main valve core 2 to generate a force that causes the main valve core 2 to move upward. As the oil pressure gradually increases, the oil lifts the main valve core 2 and gradually moves it upward.

[0043] When the main valve is set to the normally closed state, the first elastic member 3 can be set above the main valve core 2. Such setting of the first elastic member 3 can give the main valve core 2 a downward elastic force, so that the upper part of the main valve core 2 rests on the main valve sleeve 1 and closes the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101.

[0044] When the main valve is set to the normally open state, the first elastic member 3 can be set below the main valve core 2. Setting the first elastic member 3 in this way can give the main valve core 2 an upward elastic force, so that a gap is generated between the upper part of the main valve core 2 and the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101 to form a first flow channel.

[0045] After the first flow channel is formed, it is connected with the first side cavity 103 and the second oil channel. The oil can enter from the first oil channel and then flow into the second oil channel through the first channel 102, the first side cavity 103, and the first flow channel in sequence.

[0046] Optionally, the upper part of the main valve core 2 is pressed against the main valve sleeve 1 through the first elastic member 3 and closes the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101, or a gap is created between the upper part of the main valve core 2 and the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101 through the first elastic member 3 so that the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101 is opened.

[0047] Specifically, as shown in Figures 2 and 4, when the main valve is set to the normally closed state, the first elastic member 3 is arranged above the main valve core 2, one end of the first elastic member 3 rests on the main valve core 2, and the other end rests on the valve body 200 or the support sleeve 6 or the regulating rod 4. The first elastic member 3 gives the main valve core 2 a downward elastic force, so that the upper part of the main valve core 2 can rest on the main valve sleeve 1 and close the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101. As the pressure of the oil entering the first side cavity 103 gradually increases, the main valve core 2 moves upward and gradually opens the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101 to produce a gap, thereby forming a first flow channel.

[0048] As shown in Figures 6 and 8, when the main valve is set to the normally open state, the first elastic member 3 is arranged below the main valve core 2, one end of the first elastic member 3 rests on the main valve core 2, and the other end rests on the main valve sleeve 1. The first elastic member 3 gives the main valve core 2 an upward elastic force, so that a gap is generated between the upper part of the main valve core 2 and the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101, thereby forming a first flow channel, that is, the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101 is open.

[0049] Optionally, the upper part of the main valve core 2 is a boss structure 2011, and the boss structure 2011 extends out of the installation cavity 101. When the main valve core 2 moves downward to a preset position, the boss structure 2011 can be against the upper end of the installation cavity 101 and close the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101.

[0050] Specifically, the upper part of the main valve core 2 is a boss structure 2011, the maximum outer diameter of the boss structure 2011 is larger than the inner diameter of the installation cavity 101, and an opening 1011 is provided at the upper end of the installation cavity 101. The boss structure 2011 extends out of the installation cavity 101. When the main valve core 2 moves downward to a preset position, the boss structure 2011 can be against the upper end of the installation cavity 101 and close the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101.

[0051] In addition, one of the embodiments of the present application is to arrange that when the main valve core 2 is active, the upper part of the main valve core 2 extends out of the installation cavity 101 and is higher than the installation cavity 101. Of course, the technical solution in which the upper part of the main valve core 2 is not higher than the installation cavity 101 in the initial state should also be within the protection scope. That is to say, installation in the installation cavity 101 is not limited to limiting the main valve core 2 to be completely immersed in the installation cavity 101. During design, it can be arranged that when the main valve core 2 is active, the upper part of the main valve core 2 extends out of the installation cavity 101 and is higher than the installation cavity 101, and it can also be arranged that the upper part of the main valve core 2 does not extend out of the installation cavity 101.

[0052] Optionally, the upper part of the inner wall of the installation cavity 101 is recessed outward to form a first groove 1012 and / or the outer wall of the main valve core 2 is recessed inward to form a second groove 2012, and the first groove 1012 and the second groove 2012 together form the first side cavity 103 or the first groove 1012 is the first side cavity 103 or the second groove 2012 is the first side cavity 103.

[0053] For example, in one embodiment, the damping valve provided in the present application is implemented by only setting the second groove 2012. It can be understood that in other embodiments, the damping valve provided in the present application can also be implemented by setting the first groove 1012, or a solution in which the first groove 1012 and the second groove 2012 exist at the same time. Specifically, the first groove 1012 and the second groove 2012 are both determined according to the shape of the installation cavity 101 and the main valve core 2.

[0054] It should be pointed out that the structure of the first side cavity 103 formed in this way does not occupy extra space, which can further improve the utilization of space and make the processing and manufacturing process more reasonable.

[0055] It should be noted that, in the actual structure, the main valve core 2 is inserted into the installation cavity 101 of the main valve sleeve 1 and can be displaced along the axial direction of the main valve sleeve 1, and the lower outer wall of the main valve core 2 and the inner wall of the installation cavity 101 can be set to a sealed state or a non-sealed state; when the lower outer wall of the main valve core 2 and the inner wall of the installation cavity 101 are sealed, the diameter formed at the dynamic seal between the lower outer wall of the main valve core 2 and the inner wall of the installation cavity 101 is the working diameter d1; when the lower outer wall of the main valve core 2 and the inner wall of the installation cavity 101 are non-sealed, the diameter of the lower outer wall of the main valve core 2 is the working diameter d1; when the main valve core 2 is displaced downward until the boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 abuts against the upper end of the installation cavity 101, the diameter formed at the abutment is the working diameter d1. working diameter d2; the annular cross-section formed on the main valve core 2 by subtracting the cross-section of the working diameter d1 from the cross-section of the working diameter d2 is called the working cross-section S of the main valve core 2; the working diameter d1 and the working diameter d2 can be designed with specific dimensions according to actual functional requirements. When the designed working diameter d2 is larger than the working diameter d1, that is, the area of ​​the working cross-section S is larger than zero, in the working state, when the oil pressure inside the first side cavity 103 is larger than the external oil pressure, thereby generating a pressure difference, the working cross-section S will generate an opening force causing the main valve core 2 to move upward under the action of the pressure difference; when the oil pressure outside the first side cavity 103 is larger than the internal oil pressure, thereby generating a pressure difference, the working cross-section S will generate a closing force causing the main valve core 2 to move downward under the action of the pressure difference.

[0056] In this embodiment, the area of ​​the working cross-section S of the main valve core 2 is formed by the difference in area between the cross-sections of the working diameter d2 and the working diameter d1. Due to this structural feature, in actual applications, relatively large working diameters d2 and d1 can be selected to achieve a very small area of ​​the working cross-section S, and various specifications of working cross-sections S can be configured very conveniently and accurately by simply modifying the working diameter d2 or d1.

[0057] Optionally, the main valve core 2 is disposed between the main valve sleeve 1 and the regulating assembly 400 . The regulating assembly 400 includes a regulating rod 4 . The regulating rod 4 is disposed above the main valve core 2 .

[0058] Optionally, the first elastic member 3 is located between the main valve core 2 and the regulating rod 4 , with one end of the first elastic member 3 resting on the main valve core 2 and the other end of the first elastic member 3 resting on the regulating rod 4 .

[0059] Specifically, as shown in FIG4 , initially, the main valve core 2 is displaced downwardly by the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 so that the boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 abuts against the upper end of the installation cavity 101 and closes the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101, and the main valve is in a normally closed state; the regulating rod 4 can be moved up and down in the axial direction by electric control to adjust the axial position of the regulating rod 4, thereby adjusting the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 acting on the main valve core 2; the regulating rod 4 can be set to a self-locking structure or a non-self-locking structure. Specifically, when it is set to a self-locking structure, When the outside world applies an axial force to the control rod 4, the control rod 4 cannot move in the direction of the force and remains in the adjusted position; it is set to a non-self-locking structure. Specifically, the control rod 4 can also set a position holding force for the axial position of the control rod 4 through electrical control or a preset force value. When the force applied to the control rod 4 in the axial direction by the outside world is less than or equal to the set position holding force, the control rod 4 can remain in the adjusted axial position. When the force applied to the control rod 4 in the axial direction by the outside world is greater than the set position holding force, the control rod 4 can move in the direction of the force.

[0060] During operation, when the oil enters from the first oil channel and then passes through the first channel 102 into the first side chamber 103, since the main valve is in a normally closed state at the initial stage, the oil in the first side chamber 103 cannot flow out. When the pressure of the entering oil gradually increases, the oil pressure inside the first side chamber 103 will gradually be greater than the external oil pressure, thereby generating a pressure difference. Under the action of the pressure difference, the working cross section S will generate an opening force that causes the main valve core 2 to move upward. When the opening force is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 acting on the main valve core 2, the main valve core 2 moves upward under the action of the opening force and compresses the first elastic member 3. At this time, the boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 and the upper end of the installation cavity 101 are gradually pulled apart to form a first flow channel, and the oil in the first side cavity 103 will flow out from the second oil channel through the first flow channel; since the oil inside the first side cavity 103 will generate a pressure drop when flowing through the first flow channel, when the oil flow and pressure flowing through the first flow channel continue to increase, the pressure difference between the oil pressure inside the first side cavity 103 and the external oil pressure will also continue to increase, and the opening force will also continue to increase. First, the main valve core 2 continues to move upward and compress the first elastic member 3 under the action of the continuously increasing opening force, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually expands, and the main valve is in an overflow state; then, when the main valve core 2 moves upward to counteract the regulating rod 4, and the opening force is less than or equal to the position holding force of the regulating rod 4, the main valve core 2 is maintained at the position of the regulating rod 4 under the action of the regulating rod 4. 4, the main valve core 2 stops moving, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is maintained at the value adjusted by the control rod 4, the flow cross-sectional area stops expanding, and the main valve is in a throttling state. Then, when the opening force is greater than the position holding force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2 pushes the control rod 4 to continue to move upward under the action of the opening force, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually expands again, and the main valve is in a overflow state again. Finally, when the control rod 4 and the main valve core 2 move upward together to the preset position, they stop moving. The preset position is that the control rod 4 or the main valve core 2 abuts against the valve body 200, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel stops expanding again, and the main valve is in a throttling state again. It should be noted that when the control rod 4 is set to a self-locking structure, the control rod 4 will not move with the increase of the thrust of the main valve core 2. Only when it is set to a non-self-locking structure will it move with the increase of the thrust of the main valve core 2. When oil enters from the second oil channel, since the main valve is initially in a normally closed state, the oil cannot flow into the first side chamber 103.

[0061] With the above structure, when the incoming oil flow and pressure change, the damping valve will be in a corresponding working state, that is, the damping valve can be in a corresponding overflow and throttling state according to the speed of the shock absorber's stretching and compression movement, thereby realizing the adjustment and control of the damping force size and damping force characteristics during the shock absorber movement, thereby improving the vehicle's handling stability and driving comfort.

[0062] Optionally, the regulating assembly 400 further includes a second elastic member 5 and a support sleeve 6 movably arranged above the main valve core 2, the first elastic member 3 is located between the main valve core 2 and the support sleeve 6, one end of the first elastic member 3 rests on the main valve core 2, and the other end of the first elastic member 3 rests on the lower end surface of the support sleeve 6, the second elastic member 5 is located between the support sleeve 6 and the regulating rod 4, one end of the second elastic member 5 rests on the upper end surface of the support sleeve 6, and the other end of the second elastic member 5 rests on the regulating rod 4. On the rod 4, the second elastic member 5 is used to apply an axial elastic force to the support sleeve 6. The support sleeve 6 is provided with a second channel 601 for connecting the first flow channel and the oil channel 210. When the main valve core 2 moves upward to a preset position, it abuts against the support sleeve 6. The main valve core 2 can drive the support sleeve 6 to move upward. The main valve sleeve 1 is provided with a stage 104 extending to the upper end of the installation cavity 101. After the support sleeve 6 moves downward to the preset position, the lower end of the support sleeve 6 abuts against the stage 104.

[0063] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, initially, the support sleeve 6 is displaced downward under the action of the elastic force of the second elastic member 5 so that the lower end of the support sleeve 6 abuts against the platform stage 104, and the main valve core 2 is displaced downward under the action of the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 so that the boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 abuts against the upper end of the installation cavity 101 and closes the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101, and the main valve is in a normally closed state; the regulating rod 4 can be moved up and down in the axial direction by electric control to adjust the axial position of the regulating rod 4, thereby adjusting the elastic force of the second elastic member 5 acting on the support sleeve 6.

[0064] During operation, when the oil enters from the first oil channel and then passes through the first channel 102 into the first side chamber 103, since the main valve is in a normally closed state at the initial stage, the oil in the first side chamber 103 cannot flow out. When the pressure of the entering oil gradually increases, the oil pressure inside the first side chamber 103 will gradually be greater than the external oil pressure, thereby generating a pressure difference. Under the action of the pressure difference, the working cross section S will generate an opening force that causes the main valve core 2 to move upward. When the opening force is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 acting on the main valve core 2, the main valve core 2 moves upward under the action of the opening force and compresses the first elastic member 3. At this time, the boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 and the upper end of the mounting cavity 101 are gradually pulled apart to form a first flow channel, and the oil in the first side cavity 103 will flow out from the second oil channel through the first flow channel and the second channel 601 in turn; since the oil inside the first side cavity 103 will produce a pressure drop when flowing through the first flow channel, when the oil flow and pressure flowing through the first flow channel continue to increase, the pressure difference between the oil pressure inside the first side cavity 103 and the external oil pressure will also continue to increase, and the opening force will also continue to increase. First, the main valve core 2 continues to move upward and compress the first elastic member 3 under the action of the continuously increasing opening force, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually expands, and the main valve is in an overflow state. Then, when the main valve core 2 moves upward until it contacts the support sleeve 6, and the opening force is less than or equal to the elastic force exerted by the second elastic member 5 on the support sleeve 6, the main valve core 2 stops moving under the action of the second elastic member 5, i.e., the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel stops expanding, and the main valve enters a throttling state. Next, when the opening force exceeds the elastic force exerted by the second elastic member 5 on the support sleeve 6, the main valve core 2, under the action of the opening force, pushes the support sleeve 6 to continue moving upward and compresses the second elastic member 5, i.e., the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually expands again, and the main valve enters a overflow state again. Next, when the support sleeve 6 and the main valve core 2 move upward together until they contact the control rod 4, and the opening force is less than or equal to the position-retaining force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2, under the action of the control rod 4, remains in the position adjusted by the control rod 4, causing the main valve core 2 to stop moving. i.e., the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel remains at the value adjusted by the control rod 4, the flow cross-sectional area stops expanding, and the main valve enters a throttling state again. Then, when the opening force is greater than the position holding force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2 pushes the support sleeve 6 and the control rod 4 to continue to move upward under the action of the opening force, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel will gradually expand again, and the main valve will be in an overflow state again; finally, the valve body 200 will prevent the control rod 4, the support sleeve 6, and the main valve core 2 from continuing to move upward, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel will stop expanding again, and the main valve will be in a throttling state again. It should be noted that when the control rod 4 is set to a self-locking structure, the control rod will not move as the thrust of the main valve core increases. Only when it is set to a non-self-locking structure will it move as the thrust of the main valve core increases; when oil enters from the second oil channel, since the main valve is in a normally closed state at the beginning, the oil cannot flow into the first side cavity 103.

[0065] Optionally, the regulating assembly 400 also includes a second elastic member 5 and a support sleeve 6 movably arranged above the main valve core 2, the first elastic member 3 is located between the main valve core 2 and the main valve sleeve 1, one end of the first elastic member 3 abuts against the main valve core 2, and the other end of the first elastic member 3 abuts against the main valve sleeve 1, the second elastic member 5 is located between the support sleeve 6 and the regulating rod 4, one end of the second elastic member 5 abuts against the upper end surface of the support sleeve 6, and the other end of the second elastic member 5 abuts against the regulating rod 4, the second elastic member 5 is used to apply an axial elastic force to the support sleeve 6, the support sleeve 6 is provided with a second channel 601 for connecting the first flow channel and the oil channel 210, the main valve core 2 and the support sleeve 6 are abutted, the main valve core 2 can drive the support sleeve 6 to move upward, the main valve sleeve 1 is provided with a stage 104 extending to the upper end of the mounting cavity 101, and after the support sleeve 6 moves downward to a preset position, the lower end of the support sleeve 6 and the stage 104 abut against each other.

[0066] Specifically, as shown in Figure 6, initially, the support sleeve 6 is displaced downward by the elastic force of the second elastic member 5, causing the lower end of the support sleeve 6 to abut against the platform 104. The main valve core 2 is displaced upward by the elastic force of the first elastic member 3, causing the upper end surface of the main valve core 2 to abut against the support sleeve 6. An initial gap, namely the first flow channel, is defined between the boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 and the upper end of the mounting cavity 101, and the main valve is in a normally open state. The control rod 4 can be electrically controlled to move up and down in the axial direction to adjust the axial position of the control rod 4, thereby adjusting the elastic force of the second elastic member 5 on the support sleeve 6.

[0067] During operation, when oil enters the first oil channel, since the main valve is initially in a normally open state, the oil will sequentially pass through the first channel 102, the first side chamber 103, the first flow channel, and the second channel 601 and flow out of the second oil channel. Since the oil inside the first side chamber 103 will produce a pressure drop when flowing through the first flow channel, the oil pressure inside the first side chamber 103 will be greater than the external oil pressure, thereby generating a pressure differential. Under the action of the pressure differential, the working cross section S will generate an opening force that causes the main valve core 2 to move upward. As the oil flow and pressure flowing through the first flow channel continue to increase, the pressure differential and the opening force will also continue to increase. First, when the opening force is less than or equal to the elastic force of the second elastic member 5, the main valve core 2 is maintained in the initial position under the action of the second elastic member 5, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is maintained at the initial value, and the main valve is in a throttling state. Then, when the opening force is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic member 5, the main valve core 2, under the action of the opening force, pushes the support sleeve 6 upward and compresses the second elastic member 5, i.e., the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually expands, and the main valve enters the overflow state. Then, when the support sleeve 6 and the main valve core 2 move together to contact the control rod 4, and the opening force is less than or equal to the position retention force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2, under the action of the control rod 4, maintains the position adjusted by the control rod 4, causing the main valve core 2 to stop moving, i.e., the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel remains at the value adjusted by the control rod 4, the flow cross-sectional area stops expanding, and the main valve enters the throttling state again. Then, when the opening force is greater than the position retention force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2, under the action of the opening force, pushes the support sleeve 6 and the control rod 4 upward, i.e., the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually expands again, and the main valve enters the overflow state again. Finally, when the support sleeve 6, control rod 4, and main valve core 2 move upward to the preset position, they stop moving. That is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel stops expanding, and the main valve is in the throttling state again. It should be noted that when the control rod 4 is set to a self-locking structure, the control rod will not move as the thrust of the main valve core increases. Only when it is set to a non-self-locking structure will it move as the thrust of the main valve core increases.

[0068] When oil enters the second oil channel, since the main valve is initially in the normally open state, the oil will sequentially flow through the second channel 601, the first flow channel, the first side chamber 103, and the first channel 102, and out of the first oil channel. Since the oil will generate a pressure drop when flowing through the first flow channel and into the first side chamber 103, the oil pressure outside the first side chamber 103 will be greater than the oil pressure inside, thereby generating a pressure differential. Under the action of the pressure differential, the working cross section S will generate a closing force that causes the main valve core 2 to move downward. As the oil flow rate and pressure flowing through the first flow channel continue to increase, the pressure differential and closing force will also continue to increase. First, when the closing force is less than or equal to the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 acting on the main valve core 2, the main valve core 2 is maintained in the initial position under the action of the elastic force of the first elastic member 3, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is maintained at the initial value, and the main valve is in a throttling state. Then, when the closing force is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 acting on the main valve core 2, the main valve core 2 moves downward under the action of the closing force and compresses the first elastic member 3. Because the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel will decrease when the main valve core 2 moves downward, the pressure difference and the closing force will continue to increase. Therefore, the main valve core 2 will continue to move downward under the action of the continuously increasing closing force until the boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 is against the upper end of the installation cavity 101 and the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101 is closed. At this time, the oil entering from the second oil channel cannot flow into the first side cavity 103, and the main valve is in a closed state.

[0069] Optionally, the first elastic member 3 is located between the main valve core 2 and the main valve sleeve 1, one end of the first elastic member 3 abuts against the main valve core 2, and the other end of the first elastic member 3 abuts against the main valve sleeve 1, and the upper end surface of the main valve core 2 can abut against the regulating rod 4.

[0070] Specifically, as shown in Figure 8, initially, the main valve core 2 is displaced upward by the elastic force of the first elastic member 3, causing the upper end surface of the main valve core 2 to abut against the control rod 4. An initial gap, or first flow channel, is defined between the boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 and the upper end of the mounting cavity 101, and the main valve is in a normally open state. The control rod 4 is electrically controlled to move up and down in the axial direction to adjust the axial position of the control rod 4, thereby adjusting the axial position of the main valve core 2 and varying the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel.

[0071] During operation, when the oil enters from the first oil channel, since the main valve is in the normally open state at the beginning, the oil will flow out from the second oil channel through the first channel 102, the first side chamber 103, and the first flow channel in sequence; since the oil inside the first side chamber 103 will produce a pressure drop when flowing through the first flow channel, the oil pressure inside the first side chamber 103 will be greater than the external oil pressure, thereby generating a pressure difference. Under the action of the pressure difference, the working cross section S will generate an opening force that causes the main valve core 2 to move upward, and as the oil flow and pressure flowing through the first flow channel continue to increase , the pressure difference and the opening force will also continue to increase. First, when the opening force is less than or equal to the position holding force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2 is maintained at the position adjusted by the control rod 4 under the action of the control rod 4, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is maintained at the value adjusted by the control rod 4, and the main valve is in the throttling state adjusted by the control rod 4; then, when the opening force is greater than the position holding force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2 pushes the control rod 4 upward under the action of the opening force, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually expands, and the main valve is in the overflow state adjusted by the control rod 4. Finally, when the control rod 4 and the main valve core 2 move to the preset position together, they stop moving, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel stops expanding, and the main valve is in the throttling state again; it should be noted that when the control rod 4 is set to a self-locking structure, the control rod will not move as the thrust of the main valve core increases. Only when it is set to a non-self-locking structure will it move as the thrust of the main valve core increases.

[0072] When oil enters from the second oil channel, since the main valve is initially in the normally open state, the oil will sequentially flow through the first flow channel, the first side chamber 103, and the first channel 102, and then out of the first oil channel. Since the oil will generate a pressure drop when flowing through the first flow channel and into the first side chamber 103, the oil pressure outside the first side chamber 103 will be greater than the oil pressure inside, thereby generating a pressure differential. Under the action of the pressure differential, the working cross section S will generate a closing force that causes the main valve core 2 to move downward. As the oil flow and pressure flowing through the first flow channel continue to increase, the pressure differential and closing force will also continue to increase. First, when the closing force is less than or equal to the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 acting on the main valve core 2, the main valve core 2 is maintained at the position adjusted by the control rod 4 under the action of the elastic force of the first elastic member 3, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is maintained at the value adjusted by the control rod 4, and the main valve is in the throttling state adjusted by the control rod 4. Then, when the closing force is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 acting on the main valve core 2, the main valve core 2 moves downward under the action of the closing force and compresses the first elastic member 3. Because the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel will decrease when the main valve core 2 moves downward, the pressure difference and the closing force will continue to increase. Therefore, the main valve core 2 will continue to move downward under the action of the continuously increasing closing force until the boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 is against the upper end of the installation cavity 101 and the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101 is closed. At this time, the oil entering from the second oil channel cannot flow into the first side cavity 103, and the main valve is in a closed state.

[0073] It should also be noted that, as shown in Figures 6 and 8, when the designed working diameter d2 is equal to the working diameter d1, that is, the area of ​​the working cross-section S is equal to zero, in the working state, regardless of whether the oil enters the first side cavity 103 from the first oil channel through the first channel 102 and then flows out from the second oil channel through the first flow channel, or the oil enters the first side cavity 103 from the second oil channel through the first flow channel and then flows out from the first oil channel through the first channel 102, and whether the flow rate and pressure of the oil change, the opening force and the closing force are always equal to zero. Therefore, the main valve core 2 will not be displaced due to changes in the flow direction, flow rate, and pressure of the oil.

[0074] Optionally, the inner wall of the support sleeve 6 is recessed upward to form an outer movable cavity 602, and the boss structure 2011 is located in the outer movable cavity 602. When the boss structure 2011 is displaced upward and abuts against the bottom of the outer movable cavity 602, and when the boss structure 2011 is displaced downward and abuts against the upper end of the installation cavity 101, there is a gap between the boss structure 2011 and the inner wall of the outer movable cavity 602.

[0075] Optionally, the middle portion of the support sleeve 6 is recessed downward to form an inner movable cavity 603 , and the second elastic member 5 is disposed between the bottom of the inner movable cavity 603 and the regulating rod 4 .

[0076] Optionally, the second channel 601 is arranged at a position on the periphery of the support sleeve 6 and abutting against the stage 104 .

[0077] Optionally, the first elastic member 3 is a spring.

[0078] Optionally, the second elastic member 5 is a spring.

[0079] Specifically, the first elastic member 3 is used for setting the initial state between the main valve core 2 and the main valve sleeve 1, resetting after displacement, and setting the elastic force acting on the main valve core 2, and the second elastic member 5 is used for setting the initial state between the support sleeve 6 and the main valve sleeve 1, resetting after displacement, and setting the elastic force acting on the support sleeve 6.

[0080] Optionally, a seal is provided between the lower outer wall of the main valve core 2 and the inner wall of the installation cavity 101 .

[0081] Optionally, a first sealing member 202 is provided to seal the lower outer wall of the main valve core 2 and the inner wall of the installation cavity 101 , and the first sealing member 202 includes a sealing ring.

[0082] It should be pointed out that the installation cavity 101 is a concave structure. The main valve core 2 is arranged in the concave installation cavity 101, which can further increase space utilization and make the structure between the main valve core 2 and the main valve sleeve 1 more compact.

[0083] Optionally, the damping valve assembly 100 also includes a third elastic member 9, an auxiliary valve core 8 and an auxiliary valve sleeve 7, the auxiliary valve core 8 is arranged in the auxiliary valve sleeve 7, the auxiliary valve core 8 can be displaced along the axial direction of the auxiliary valve sleeve 7, the auxiliary valve core 8 is arranged below the main valve sleeve 1, the third elastic member 9 is arranged between the auxiliary valve core 8 and the main valve sleeve 1, the third elastic member 9 is used to apply axial elastic force to the auxiliary valve core 8, and a support platform 701 is protruding inward from the lower part of the inner wall of the auxiliary valve sleeve 7, and the auxiliary valve core 8 is abutted against the support platform 701 under the action of the third elastic member 9, and the lower end face of the auxiliary valve core 8, the support platform 701 and the valve body 200 are surrounded to form an outer cavity 702.

[0084] It should be noted that, after the auxiliary valve core 8 of the present application abuts against the support platform 701, the abutment point between the auxiliary valve core 8 and the support platform 701 can be designed as a sealed structure or a non-sealed structure. Specifically, the non-sealed structure means that there is still a small gap between the auxiliary valve core 8 and the support platform 701 after contact, and this is achieved by opening a small hole and designing a groove on the auxiliary valve core 8 or the support platform 701.

[0085] Optionally, the inner wall of the auxiliary valve sleeve 7, the outer wall of the main valve sleeve 1 and the upper end surface of the auxiliary valve core 8 are combined to form a control chamber 703, the middle part of the auxiliary valve core 8 is recessed downward to form an inner chamber 801, the lower part of the main valve sleeve 1 is arranged in the inner chamber 801, and the inner chamber 801 is connected to the control chamber 703.

[0086] It should be noted that the middle of the auxiliary valve core 8 is recessed downward to form an inner cavity 801, and the lower end of the main valve sleeve 1 is arranged in the inner cavity 801 to further increase space utilization, making the structure between the main valve sleeve 1 and the auxiliary valve core 8 more compact.

[0087] Optionally, the inner wall of the auxiliary valve sleeve 7, the auxiliary valve core 8 and the support platform 701 are combined to form a second side cavity 704, and a third channel 705 is provided on the auxiliary valve sleeve 7. The second side cavity 704 is connected to the oil channel 210 through the third channel 705. An oil hole 802 is also provided on the auxiliary valve core 8. The oil hole 802 is arranged on the side of the auxiliary valve core 8 or the bottom of the auxiliary valve core 8. When the oil hole 802 is arranged on the side of the auxiliary valve core 8, it connects the inner cavity 801 and the second side cavity 704. When the oil hole 802 is arranged on the bottom of the auxiliary valve core 8, it connects the inner cavity 801 and the outer cavity 702.

[0088] It should be noted that the oil hole 802 is located on the side or bottom surface of the secondary valve core 8 to accommodate different assembly environments. If the assembly environment requires that the flow rate and pressure of oil entering from the second side chamber 704 be controlled, then the oil hole 802 is located on the side of the secondary valve core 8, that is, the second side chamber 704 is connected to the control chamber 703 via the oil hole 802. If the assembly environment requires that the flow rate and pressure of oil entering from the outer chamber 702 be controlled, then the oil hole 802 is located on the bottom surface of the secondary valve core 8, that is, the outer chamber 702 is connected to the control chamber 703 via the oil hole 802.

[0089] Optionally, the auxiliary valve sleeve 7 is further provided with a fourth channel 706 , and the fourth channel 706 is communicated with the oil channel 210 .

[0090] Optionally, a seal is provided between the outer wall of the auxiliary valve core 8 and the inner wall of the auxiliary valve sleeve 7 .

[0091] Optionally, a second sealing member 803 is provided between the outer wall of the auxiliary valve core 8 and the inner wall of the auxiliary valve sleeve 7 for sealing, and the second sealing member 803 includes a sealing ring.

[0092] Optionally, the third elastic member 9 is a spring.

[0093] Specifically, one end of the third elastic member 9 rests on the auxiliary valve core 8, and the other end of the third elastic member 9 rests on the main valve sleeve 1. The third elastic member 9 is used for setting the initial state between the auxiliary valve core 8 and the auxiliary valve sleeve 7 and resetting after displacement, as well as setting the elastic force acting on the auxiliary valve core 8.

[0094] Optionally, two groups of damping valve assemblies 100 are provided in the damping valve, and the two groups of damping valve assemblies 100 are connected through the valve body 200 .

[0095] Specifically, two groups of damping valve assemblies 100 are provided in the damping valve, and the two groups of damping valve assemblies 100 are coaxially arranged or the two axes are arranged at a certain angle or the two axes are arranged in parallel or symmetrically arranged in the upper and lower parts of the damping valve. The two groups of damping valve assemblies 100 are connected through the valve body 200 and are connected through the oil channel 210 on the valve body 200. The specific setting method of the two groups of damping valve assemblies 100 can be selected according to the specific application scenario. This application is mainly explained with the upper and lower symmetrical structure.

[0096] Optionally, a disc valve 10 is provided on the oil channel 210 of the valve body 200 .

[0097] Specifically, each damping valve assembly 100 is equipped with a corresponding disc valve 10, which functions as both a throttling and overflow valve. When oil pressure is low, oil flows directly through the opening of the disc valve 10. When oil pressure is high, the valve disc of the disc valve 10 displaces or elastically deforms to one side under the action of the oil pressure, gradually separating it from the sealing surface to form a flow gap. Oil flows through both the opening and the flow gap simultaneously. When the oil pressure decreases or is subjected to reverse oil pressure, the valve disc returns to its preset position due to its own elasticity, the reverse oil pressure, or the return spring of the disc valve 10, causing the valve disc to rest against the sealing surface. The disc valve 10 also prevents accidents in the event of a malfunction of the damping valve assembly 100. If the damping valve assembly 100 becomes stuck and cannot open, or if a blockage occurs within the damping valve, resulting in an oil blockage, the disc valve 10 can direct the incoming oil out of the valve body 200. When the damping valve assembly 100 is stuck and cannot be reset or other faults occur, causing the damping valve assembly 100 to lose its throttling and relief functions, the disc valve 10 can play a basic throttling and relief role.

[0098] A hydraulic damper comprises a shock absorber and a damping valve, wherein the shock absorber is communicated with the damping valve.

[0099] The hydraulic damper includes a shock absorber and a damping valve. The shock absorber is connected to the damping valve, and the damping valve can react differently according to the action of the shock absorber. The shock absorber includes a single-rod oil cylinder. When the shock absorber is a single-rod oil cylinder, the hydraulic damper will be provided with a fluid reservoir to cooperate with the single-rod oil cylinder. The single-rod oil cylinder includes a piston-connecting rod assembly. The piston-connecting rod assembly divides the single-rod oil cylinder into a rod chamber and a rodless chamber. The shock absorber extension mentioned in the following embodiments can be understood as the wheels and body of the vehicle moving away from each other (i.e., the piston-connecting rod assembly moves toward the rod chamber), and the shock absorber compression can be understood as the wheels and body of the vehicle moving toward each other (i.e., the piston-connecting rod assembly moves toward the rodless chamber). The damping valve can be set to a variety of structures.

[0100] Example 1:

[0101] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the damping valve includes a damping valve assembly 100 and a valve body 200. The valve body 200 is provided with an oil channel 210 for oil inlet and outlet. The damping valve assembly 100 includes a main valve sleeve 1, a main valve core 2 and a regulating assembly 400.

[0102] The main valve sleeve 1 is provided with an installation cavity 101 . An opening 1011 is provided at the upper end of the installation cavity 101 . A first channel 102 is provided on the side wall of the installation cavity 101 . The first channel 102 is communicated with the oil channel 210 .

[0103] The main valve core 2 is inserted into the installation cavity 101 of the main valve sleeve 1. The main valve core 2 can be displaced in the axial direction of the main valve sleeve 1. A first side cavity 103 is formed between the main valve core 2 and the inner wall of the installation cavity 101. The first channel 102 is connected to the first side cavity 103. The main valve core 2 is also provided with a through hole 201. The through hole 201 plays a pressure balancing role. The through hole 201 is used for the oil flow in the upper and lower end faces of the main valve core 2. When the damping valve is working, the axial oil pressure balance of the upper and lower end faces of the main valve core 2 is always maintained. The upper part of the main valve core 2 is a boss structure 2011, and the boss structure 2011 extends out The installation cavity 101, when the main valve core 2 moves downward to the preset position, the boss structure 2011 can be against the upper end of the installation cavity 101 and close the opening 1011 of the installation cavity 101, and when the main valve core 2 moves upward, the boss structure 2011 and the upper end of the installation cavity 101 are gradually pulled apart to produce a gap to form a first flow channel, and the first flow channel is connected to the first side cavity 103. The first elastic member 3 is located between the main valve core 2 and the support sleeve 6, one end of the first elastic member 3 is against the main valve core 2, and the other end of the first elastic member 3 is against the lower end surface of the support sleeve 6. The first elastic member 3 is used to apply axial elastic force to the main valve core 2.

[0104] The regulating assembly 400 includes a regulating rod 4, a second elastic member 5 and a support sleeve 6 movably arranged above the main valve core 2, the second elastic member 5 is located between the support sleeve 6 and the regulating rod 4, one end of the second elastic member 5 rests on the upper end surface of the support sleeve 6, and the other end of the second elastic member 5 rests on the regulating rod 4, the second elastic member 5 is used to apply an axial elastic force to the support sleeve 6, the support sleeve 6 is provided with a second channel 601 for connecting the first flow channel and the oil channel 210, the second channel 601 is arranged on the periphery of the support sleeve 6 and is against the stage 104, when the main valve core 2 moves upward to a preset position, it is against the support sleeve 6, the main valve core 2 can drive the support sleeve 6 to move upward, the main valve sleeve 1 is provided with a stage 104 extending to the upper end of the mounting cavity 101, after the support sleeve 6 moves downward to the preset position, the lower end of the support sleeve 6 is against the stage 104.

[0105] The oil channel 210 on the valve body 200 includes a first oil channel and a second oil channel. The first oil channel is connected to the N port, and the second oil channel is connected to the M port.

[0106] Initially, the support sleeve 6 is displaced downward by the elastic force of the second elastic member 5 so that the lower end of the support sleeve 6 abuts against the platform stage 104, and the main valve core 2 is displaced downward by the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 so that the boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 abuts against the upper end of the installation cavity 101, and the main valve is in a normally closed state.

[0107] During operation, when the M port is the oil inlet and the N port is the oil outlet, as shown in FIG2 , the solid line oil flow path m2 is shown, and the working process of the main valve is: first, the oil enters the second oil channel of the damping valve from the M port, and then the oil passes through the third channel 705, the second side cavity 704, the oil hole 802, the inner cavity 801, the control cavity 703, and the first channel 102 in sequence to enter the first side cavity 103. Since the main valve is in a normally closed state at the beginning, the oil in the first side cavity 103 cannot flow out. When the pressure of the oil entering from the M port gradually increases, the first side cavity 103 The internal oil pressure will gradually become greater than the external oil pressure, thereby generating a pressure difference. Under the action of the pressure difference, the working section S will generate an opening force that causes the main valve core 2 to move upward. When the opening force is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 acting on the main valve core 2, the main valve core 2 moves upward under the action of the opening force and compresses the first elastic member 3. At this time, the convex structure of the main valve core 2 and the upper end of the installation cavity 101 are gradually pulled apart to form a first flow channel. The oil in the first side cavity 103 will pass through the first flow channel, the second channel 601, the fourth channel 706, and the first oil channel in sequence and flow out of the damping valve from the N port.

[0108] Because the oil in the first side chamber 103 generates a pressure drop when flowing through the first flow channel, as the oil flow rate and pressure through the first flow channel continue to increase, the pressure difference between the oil pressure in the first side chamber 103 and the oil pressure outside the first side chamber 103 also continues to increase, and the opening force also continues to increase. First, under the action of the continuously increasing opening force, the main valve core 2 continues to move upward and compress the first elastic member 3, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually expands, and the main valve enters the overflow state. Then, when the main valve core 2 moves upward to contact the support sleeve 6, and the opening force is less than or equal to the elastic force of the second elastic member 5 acting on the support sleeve 6, the main valve core 2 stops moving under the action of the second elastic member 5, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel stops expanding, and the main valve enters the throttling state. Then, when the opening force exceeds the elastic force of the second elastic member 5 acting on the support sleeve 6, the main valve core 2 pushes the support sleeve 6 to continue to move upward and compress the second elastic member 5, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually expands again, and the main valve enters the overflow state again. Then, when the support sleeve 6 and the main valve core 2 move upward together until they are against the control rod 4, and the opening force is less than or equal to the position-holding force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2 is maintained at the position adjusted by the control rod 4 under the action of the control rod 4, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is maintained at the value adjusted by the control rod 4, and the main valve is once again in the throttling state. Then, when the opening force is greater than the position-holding force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2, under the action of the opening force, pushes the support sleeve 6 and the control rod 4 to continue to move upward, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel will gradually expand again, and the main valve will be in the overflow state again; finally, the valve body 200 will prevent the control rod 4, the support sleeve 6, and the main valve core 2 from continuing to move upward, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel will stop expanding again, and the main valve will be in the throttling state again.

[0109] The main valve composed of the main valve core 2, the main valve sleeve 1 and the first elastic member 3 can work independently, and the main valve can realize multi-stage and multi-state regulation according to the changes in flow and pressure. During implementation, the movement speed of the shock absorber will change when it is stretched or compressed. As the movement speed of the shock absorber changes, the oil flow and pressure through the main valve will also change accordingly. The main valve will be in a working state corresponding to the flow and pressure. When the flow and pressure reach a certain preset interval value, the main valve will be in an overflow or throttling state corresponding to a certain stage, so that the flow characteristics (flow-pressure curve) of the main valve will be close to the required ideal curve after multi-stage and multi-state regulation.

[0110] Each stage of the working state of the main valve will form a corresponding back pressure in the circuit. Under the action of the back pressure, the working cross-section of the shock absorber piston will produce a corresponding damping force. That is, each speed range when the shock absorber performs tension or compression movement will produce a corresponding damping force.

[0111] The damping valve assembly 100 also includes an auxiliary valve, which includes an auxiliary valve sleeve 7, an auxiliary valve core 8 and a third elastic member 9. The auxiliary valve core 8 is arranged in the auxiliary valve sleeve 7, and the auxiliary valve core 8 can be displaced along the axial direction of the auxiliary valve sleeve 7. The auxiliary valve core 8 is arranged below the main valve sleeve 1, and the third elastic member 9 is arranged between the auxiliary valve core 8 and the main valve sleeve 1. The third elastic member 9 is used to apply an axial elastic force to the auxiliary valve core 8. A support platform 701 is protruding inward from the lower part of the inner wall of the auxiliary valve sleeve 7. The auxiliary valve core 8 rests on the support platform 701 under the action of the third elastic member 9. The lower end face of the auxiliary valve core 8, the support platform 701 and the valve body 200 are surrounded by each other to form an outer cavity 702. The inner wall of the auxiliary valve sleeve 7, the outer wall of the main valve sleeve 1, and the upper end surface of the auxiliary valve core 8 together form a control chamber 703. The middle portion of the auxiliary valve core 8 is recessed downward to form an inner chamber 801. The lower portion of the main valve sleeve 1 is disposed within the inner chamber 801, which communicates with the control chamber 703. The inner wall of the auxiliary valve sleeve 7, the auxiliary valve core 8, and the support platform 701 together form a second side chamber 704. The auxiliary valve sleeve 7 is provided with a third channel 705, which communicates with the oil channel 210 through the third channel 705. The auxiliary valve core 8 is also provided with an oil hole 802, which is disposed on the side of the auxiliary valve core 8 and connects the inner chamber 801 with the second side chamber 704. The auxiliary valve sleeve 7 is also provided with a fourth channel 706, which communicates with the second channel 601 and the oil channel 210.

[0112] As shown in FIG2 , the solid line oil flow paths m1 and m2 show the working process of the auxiliary valve as follows: since the oil entering the inner cavity 801 from the second side cavity 704 will generate a pressure drop when flowing through the oil through hole 802, the oil pressure of the second side cavity 704 will be greater than the oil pressure of the inner cavity 801 and the control cavity 703, thereby generating a pressure difference. Under the action of the pressure difference, the auxiliary valve core 8 will generate an opening force that causes the auxiliary valve core 8 to move upward. As the oil flow through the oil through hole 802 continues to increase, the pressure difference will continue to increase, and the opening force will also continue to increase. When the opening force is less than or equal to the elastic force of the third elastic member 9 acting on the auxiliary valve core 8, the auxiliary valve core 8 keeps the bottom of the auxiliary valve core 8 against the support platform 701 under the action of the elastic force of the third elastic member 9, and the second side cavity 7 04's oil cannot flow to the outer cavity 702, and the auxiliary valve is in a closed state. It should be noted that when the abutment between the auxiliary valve core 8 and the support platform 701 is designed as a non-sealed structure, the oil in the second side cavity 704 can flow to the outer cavity 702 through the preset gap at the abutment after the auxiliary valve core 8 contacts the support platform 701 or / and through the preset small holes and grooves on the auxiliary valve core 8 or the support platform 701, and the auxiliary valve is in a throttling state; when the opening force is greater than the elastic force of the third elastic member 9 acting on the auxiliary valve core 8, the auxiliary valve core 8 moves upward under the action of the opening force and compresses the third elastic member 9. At this time, the auxiliary valve core 8 and the support platform 701 gradually separate, and a second flow channel is formed between the bottom of the auxiliary valve core 8 and the support platform 701, and the oil can flow from the second side cavity 704 through the second flow channel to the outer cavity 702. In the above process, since the oil flow rate flowing through the oil hole 802 is controlled by the displacement between the main valve core 2 and the main valve sleeve 1, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel, the pressure drop of the oil when flowing through the oil hole 802 is also controlled, and thus the working process of the auxiliary valve is also controlled, that is, the flow pressure characteristics of the oil flowing from the second side cavity 704 through the second flow channel to the outer cavity 702 are controlled; when the auxiliary valve core 8 moves up to the preset position and stops moving up, the auxiliary valve is in a throttling state. Finally, the oil will flow out of the damping valve from the N port through the first oil channel; it should be noted that by increasing the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the oil hole 802, the pressure drop generated when the oil flows through the oil hole 802 can be reduced, so the pressure difference between the second side chamber 704 and the control chamber 703 will also be reduced, and the opening force of the auxiliary valve core 8 to move upward will also be reduced. When the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the oil hole 802 increases to a certain extent, the opening force of the auxiliary valve core 8 can always be less than the elastic force of the third elastic member 9 acting on the auxiliary valve core 8, so that the auxiliary valve is not controlled by the main valve.

[0113] When the N port is the oil inlet and the M port is the oil outlet, as shown in FIG2 , the dotted line of the oil flow path n1 indicates that the oil first enters the first oil channel of the damping valve from the N port. Since the main valve is in a normally closed state at the initial stage, the oil cannot flow into the control chamber 703 through the fourth channel 706 and the second channel 601. However, the oil in the control chamber 703 can flow out from the oil hole 802 through the inner chamber 801. Therefore, when the oil enters the outer chamber 702 from the N port, the oil pressure of the outer chamber 702 will be greater than the oil pressure of the control chamber 703, thereby generating a pressure difference. Under the action of the pressure difference, the auxiliary valve core 8 will generate an opening force that causes the auxiliary valve core 8 to move upward. As the pressure of the oil entering from the N port gradually increases, the auxiliary valve core 8 will generate an opening force that causes the auxiliary valve core 8 to move upward. As the pressure increases, the pressure difference will gradually increase, and the opening force will gradually increase. When the opening force is less than or equal to the elastic force of the third elastic member 9 acting on the auxiliary valve core 8, the auxiliary valve core 8 keeps the bottom of the auxiliary valve core 8 against the support platform 701 under the action of the elastic force of the third elastic member 9, and the oil in the outer chamber 702 cannot flow to the second side chamber 704, and the auxiliary valve is in a closed state. It should be noted that when the abutment between the auxiliary valve core 8 and the support platform 701 is designed to be a non-sealed structure, the oil in the outer chamber 702 can flow to the second side chamber 704 through the preset gap at the abutment after the auxiliary valve core 8 contacts the support platform 701 or / and through the preset small holes and grooves on the auxiliary valve core 8 or the support platform 701, and the auxiliary valve is in a throttling state. When the opening force exceeds the elastic force exerted by the third elastic member 9 on the secondary valve core 8, the secondary valve core 8 moves upward under the action of the opening force, compressing the third elastic member 9. At this point, the bottom of the secondary valve core 8 gradually separates from the support platform 701 to form a second flow channel. Oil can flow from the outer chamber 702 through this second flow channel to the second side chamber 704, and the secondary valve enters the overflow state. When the secondary valve core 8 moves up to the preset position and stops moving upward, the secondary valve enters the throttling state. Ultimately, the oil flows through the third channel 705 and the second oil channel in sequence, exiting the damping valve from port M.

[0114] Example 2:

[0115] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the difference between Example 2 and Example 1 is that the regulating component 400 includes a regulating rod 4, the regulating component 400 is not provided with a second elastic member 5 and a support sleeve 6, one end of the first elastic member 3 rests on the main valve core 2, and the other end of the first elastic member 3 directly rests on the regulating rod 4, the oil hole 802 is provided on the bottom surface of the auxiliary valve core 8, the oil hole 802 connects the inner cavity 801 and the outer cavity 702, and the auxiliary valve sleeve 7 is not provided with a fourth channel 706.

[0116] Initially, the main valve core 2 is displaced downward by the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 so that the boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 abuts against the upper end of the installation cavity 101 , and the main valve is in a normally closed state.

[0117] During operation, when the N port is the oil inlet and the M port is the oil outlet, as shown in FIG4 , the solid line oil flow path n2 is shown, and the working process of the main valve is: first, the oil enters the first oil channel of the damping valve from the N port, and then the oil passes through the outer cavity 702, the oil hole 802, the inner cavity 801, the control cavity 703, the first channel 102 in sequence and enters the first side cavity 103. Since the main valve is in a normally closed state at the beginning, the oil in the first side cavity 103 cannot flow out. When the pressure of the oil entering from the N port gradually increases, the first side cavity 103 The internal oil pressure will gradually become greater than the external oil pressure, thereby generating a pressure difference. Under the action of the pressure difference, the working section S will generate an opening force that causes the main valve core 2 to move upward. When the opening force is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 acting on the main valve core 2, the main valve core 2 moves upward under the action of the opening force and compresses the first elastic member 3. At this time, the boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 and the upper end of the installation cavity 101 are gradually pulled apart to form a first flow channel. The oil in the first side cavity 103 will pass through the first flow channel and the second oil channel in turn and flow out of the damping valve from the M port.

[0118] Because the oil in the first side chamber 103 generates a pressure drop when flowing through the first flow channel, as the flow rate and pressure of the oil flowing through the first flow channel continue to increase, the pressure difference between the oil pressure in the first side chamber 103 and the oil pressure outside the first side chamber 103 will continue to increase, and the opening force will also continue to increase. First, under the action of the continuously increasing opening force, the main valve core 2 continues to move upward and compress the first elastic member 3, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually expands, and the main valve is in an overflow state. Then, when the main valve core 2 moves upward to contact the control rod 4, and the opening force is less than or equal to the position holding force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2 is maintained at the position adjusted by the control rod 4 under the action of the control rod 4, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is maintained at the value adjusted by the control rod 4, and the main valve is in a throttling state. Then, when the opening force is greater than the position holding force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2 pushes the control rod 4 to continue to move upward under the action of the opening force, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually expands again, and the main valve is in the overflow state again; finally, the valve body 200 will prevent the control rod 4 and the main valve core 2 from continuing to move upward, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel stops expanding again, and the main valve is in the throttling state again.

[0119] As shown in Figure 4, the solid lines of the oil flow paths n1 and n2 indicate that the working process of the auxiliary valve is as follows: since the oil entering the inner cavity 801 from the outer cavity 702 will generate a pressure drop when flowing through the oil hole 802, the oil pressure in the outer cavity 702 will be greater than the oil pressure in the inner cavity 801 and the control cavity 703, thereby generating a pressure difference. Under the action of the pressure difference, the auxiliary valve core 8 will generate an opening force that causes the auxiliary valve core 8 to move upward. As the oil flow rate flowing through the oil hole 802 continues to increase, the pressure difference and the opening force will also continue to increase. When the opening force is less than or equal to the elastic force of the third elastic member 9 acting on the auxiliary valve core 8, the auxiliary valve core 8 keeps the bottom of the auxiliary valve core 8 against the support platform 701 under the action of the elastic force of the third elastic member 9, and the oil in the outer chamber 702 cannot flow to the second side chamber 704, and the auxiliary valve is in a closed state; when the opening force is greater than the elastic force of the third elastic member 9 acting on the auxiliary valve core 8, the auxiliary valve core 8 moves upward under the action of the opening force and compresses the third elastic member 9. At this time, the bottom of the auxiliary valve core 8 is gradually separated from the support platform 701 to form a second flow channel, and the oil can flow from the outer chamber 702 through the second flow channel to the second side chamber 704. During the above process, because the oil flow through oil hole 802 is controlled by the displacement between main valve core 2 and main valve sleeve 1, namely, the cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel, the pressure drop of the oil flowing through oil hole 802 is also controlled, and thus the operation of the auxiliary valve is also controlled. In other words, the flow rate and pressure characteristics of the oil flowing from outer chamber 702 through the second flow channel to the second side chamber 704 are controlled. When the auxiliary valve core 8 moves upward to the preset position and stops moving upward, the auxiliary valve enters a throttling state. Ultimately, the oil flows through the third channel 705 and the second oil channel in sequence, and then out of the damping valve through port M.

[0120] When the M port is the oil inlet and the N port is the oil outlet, as shown in FIG4 , the dotted oil flow path m1 indicates that the oil first enters the second oil channel of the damping valve from the M port. Since the main valve is in a normally closed state at the beginning, the oil in the second oil channel cannot flow into the control chamber 703, but the oil in the control chamber 703 can flow out of the oil hole 802 through the inner cavity 801. Therefore, when the oil enters the second side chamber 704 from the M port, the oil pressure in the second side chamber 704 will be greater than the oil pressure in the control chamber 703. The pressure creates a pressure differential, and under the action of this pressure differential, the secondary valve core 8 generates an opening force that displaces the secondary valve core 8 upward. As the pressure of the oil entering from port M gradually increases, the pressure differential and the opening force also gradually increase. When the opening force is less than or equal to the elastic force exerted by the third elastic member 9 on the secondary valve core 8, the elastic force of the third elastic member 9 causes the bottom of the secondary valve core 8 to remain against the support platform 701, preventing the oil in the second side chamber 704 from flowing into the outer chamber 702, and the secondary valve is in a closed state. When the opening force is greater than the elastic force exerted by the third elastic member 9 on the secondary valve core 8, the secondary valve core 8 displaces upward under the action of the opening force and compresses the third elastic member 9. At this time, the bottom of the secondary valve core 8 gradually separates from the support platform 701, forming a second flow channel. Oil can flow from the second side chamber 704 through this second flow channel to the outer chamber 702, and the secondary valve is in an overflow state. When the secondary valve core 8 moves to a preset position and stops moving upward, the secondary valve is in a throttling state. Finally, the oil will flow out of the damping valve from the N port through the first oil channel.

[0121] Example 3:

[0122] As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the difference between Example 3 and Example 1 is that one end of the first elastic member 3 abuts against the main valve core 2, and the other end of the first elastic member 3 abuts against the main valve sleeve 1, and the oil hole 802 is provided on the bottom surface of the auxiliary valve core 8, and the oil hole 802 connects the inner cavity 801 and the outer cavity 702, and the fourth channel 706 is not provided on the auxiliary valve sleeve 7.

[0123] Initially, the support sleeve 6 is displaced downward by the elastic force of the second elastic member 5 so that the lower end of the support sleeve 6 abuts against the platform stage 104, and the main valve core 2 is displaced upward by the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 so that the upper part of the main valve core 2 abuts against the support sleeve 6. The boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 and the upper end of the installation cavity 101 have an initial gap to form a first flow channel, and the main valve is in a normally open state.

[0124] During operation, when the N port is the oil inlet and the M port is the oil outlet, as shown in FIG6 , the solid line oil flow path n2 shows that the working process of the main valve is: first, the oil enters the first oil channel of the damping valve from the N port. Since the main valve is in the normally open state at the initial stage, the oil will pass through the outer cavity 702, the oil hole 802, the inner cavity 801, the control cavity 703, the first channel 102, the first side cavity 103, the first flow channel, the second channel 601, and the second oil channel in sequence to flow out of the damping valve from the M port.

[0125] Because the oil inside the first side chamber 103 generates a pressure drop when flowing through the first flow channel, the oil pressure inside the first side chamber 103 will be greater than the external oil pressure, thereby generating a pressure differential. Under the action of the pressure differential, the working cross-section S will generate an opening force that causes the main valve core 2 to move upward. As the flow rate and pressure of the oil flowing through the first flow channel continue to increase, the pressure differential and the opening force will also continue to increase. First, when the opening force is less than or equal to the elastic force of the second elastic member 5 acting on the support sleeve 6, the main valve core 2 is maintained in the initial position under the action of the second elastic member 5, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is maintained at the initial value, and the main valve is in a throttling state. Then, when the opening force is greater than the elastic force of the second elastic member 5 acting on the support sleeve 6, the main valve core 2, under the action of the opening force, pushes the support sleeve 6 to move upward and compresses the second elastic member 5, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually expands, and the main valve is in an overflow state. Then, when the support sleeve 6 and the main valve core 2 move upward together until they are against the control rod 4, and the opening force is less than or equal to the position-holding force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2 is maintained at the position adjusted by the control rod 4 under the action of the control rod 4, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is maintained at the value adjusted by the control rod 4, and the main valve is once again in a throttling state. Then, when the opening force is greater than the position-holding force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2, under the action of the opening force, pushes the support sleeve 6 and the control rod 4 to continue to move upward, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually expands again, and the main valve is once again in an overflow state. Finally, the valve body 200 prevents the control rod 4, the support sleeve 6, and the main valve core 2 from continuing to move upward, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel stops expanding, and the main valve is once again in a throttling state.

[0126] As shown in FIG6 , the solid lines of the oil flow paths n1 and n2 indicate that the working process of the auxiliary valve is the same as that of the second embodiment, so they are not described in detail.

[0127] When the M port is the oil inlet and the N port is the oil outlet, as shown in FIG6 , the dotted oil flow path m2 is shown, and the working process of the main valve is: first, the oil enters the second oil channel of the damping valve from the M port. Since the main valve is in the normally open state at the initial stage, the oil will pass through the second channel 601, the first flow channel, the first side cavity 103, the first channel 102, the control cavity 703, the inner cavity 801, the oil hole 802, the outer cavity 702, and the first oil channel in sequence and flow out of the damping valve from the N port.

[0128] Because the oil generates a pressure drop as it flows through the first flow channel and into the first side chamber 103, the oil pressure outside the first side chamber 103 is greater than the oil pressure inside, resulting in a pressure differential. Under the action of this pressure differential, the working cross-section S generates a closing force that displaces the main valve core 2 downward. As the flow rate and pressure of the oil flowing through the first flow channel continue to increase, the pressure differential and closing force also continue to increase. Initially, when the closing force is less than or equal to the elastic force exerted by the first elastic member 3 on the main valve core 2, the main valve core 2 is maintained in its initial position under the action of the elastic force of the first elastic member 3. That is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel remains at its initial value, and the main valve is in a throttling state. Then, when the closing force is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 acting on the main valve core 2, the main valve core 2 moves downward under the action of the closing force and compresses the first elastic member 3. Because the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel will decrease when the main valve core 2 moves downward, the pressure difference and the closing force will continue to increase. Therefore, the main valve core 2 will continue to move downward under the action of the continuously increasing closing force until the boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 is against the upper end of the installation cavity 101. At this time, the oil entering from the M port cannot flow into the first side cavity 103, and the main valve is in a closed state.

[0129] As shown in Figure 6, the dotted oil flow paths m1 and m2 indicate the working process of the auxiliary valve: since the oil will generate a pressure drop when it flows through the first flow channel into the control chamber 703, and the oil in the control chamber 703 can flow out from the oil hole 802 through the inner cavity 801, when the oil enters the second side chamber 704 from the M port, the oil pressure of the second side chamber 704 will be greater than the oil pressure of the control chamber 703, thereby generating a pressure difference. Under the action of the pressure difference, the auxiliary valve core 8 will generate an opening force that causes the auxiliary valve core 8 to move upward. As the pressure of the oil entering from the M port gradually increases, the pressure difference and the opening force will also gradually increase. When the opening force is less than or equal to the elastic force of the third elastic member 9 acting on the auxiliary valve core 8, the auxiliary valve core 8, under the action of the elastic force of the third elastic member 9, keeps the bottom of the auxiliary valve core 8 against the support platform 701, and the oil in the second side chamber 704 cannot flow to the outer chamber 702, and the auxiliary valve is in a closed state. When the opening force exceeds the elastic force exerted by the third elastic member 9 on the secondary valve core 8, the secondary valve core 8 moves upward under the action of the opening force, compressing the third elastic member 9. At this point, the bottom of the secondary valve core 8 gradually separates from the support platform 701 to form a second flow channel. Oil can flow from the second side chamber 704 through this second flow channel to the outer chamber 702, and the secondary valve enters the overflow state. When the secondary valve core 8 moves up to the preset position and stops moving upward, the secondary valve enters the throttling state. Ultimately, the oil flows out of the damping valve from the N port through the first oil channel.

[0130] Example 4:

[0131] As shown in Figures 7 and 8, the difference between Example 4 and Example 2 is that the position of the first elastic member 3 is different. In Example 4, the first elastic member 3 is arranged between the main valve sleeve 1 and the main valve core 2, and one end of the first elastic member 3 abuts on the main valve core 2, and the other end of the first elastic member 3 abuts on the main valve sleeve 1.

[0132] Initially, the main valve core 2 moves upward under the action of the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 so that the upper part of the main valve core 2 rests on the regulating rod 4. The boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 and the upper end of the installation cavity 101 have an initial gap to form a first flow channel, and the main valve is in a normally open state.

[0133] During operation, when the N port is the oil inlet and the M port is the oil outlet, as shown in FIG8 , the solid line oil flow path n2 shows the working process of the main valve: first, the oil enters the first oil channel of the damping valve from the N port. Since the main valve is in the normally open state at the initial stage, the oil will pass through the outer cavity 702, the oil hole 802, the inner cavity 801, the control cavity 703, the first channel 102, the first side cavity 103, the first flow channel, and the second oil channel in sequence to flow out of the damping valve from the M port.

[0134] Because the oil inside the first side chamber 103 generates a pressure drop when flowing through the first flow channel, the oil pressure inside the first side chamber 103 is greater than the oil pressure outside, resulting in a pressure differential. This pressure differential generates an opening force that causes the main valve core 2 to move upward. As the flow rate and pressure of the oil flowing through the first flow channel continue to increase, the pressure differential and the opening force also gradually increase. First, when the opening force is less than or equal to the position-holding force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2 is maintained at the position regulated by the control rod 4 under the action of the control rod 4. That is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is maintained at the regulated value, and the main valve is in a throttling state regulated by the control rod 4. Then, when the opening force is greater than the position-holding force of the control rod 4, the main valve core 2, under the action of the opening force, pushes the control rod 4 upward, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel gradually expands, and the main valve is in an overflow state regulated by the control rod 4. Finally, the valve body 200 prevents the control rod 4 and the main valve core 2 from continuing to move upward, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel stops expanding, and the main valve is once again in a throttling state. When the area of ​​the designed working cross-section S is equal to zero, the opening force and the closing force are always equal to zero, and the main valve core 2 will not be displaced due to changes in oil pressure and changes in oil flow direction. Under the joint action of the first elastic member 3 and the regulating rod 4, the main valve core 2 always maintains the position adjusted and controlled by the regulating rod 4, that is, the main valve core 2 and the main valve sleeve 1 are always in the throttling state adjusted and controlled by the regulating rod 4.

[0135] As shown in FIG8 , the solid lines of the oil flow paths n1 and n2 indicate that the working process of the auxiliary valve is the same as that of the second embodiment, so they are not described in detail.

[0136] When the M port is the oil inlet and the N port is the oil outlet, as shown in Figure 8, the dotted oil flow path m2 is shown, and the working process of the main valve is: first, the oil enters the second oil channel of the damping valve from the M port. Since the main valve is in the normally open state at the initial stage, the oil will pass through the first flow channel, the first side cavity 103, the first channel 102, the control cavity 703, the inner cavity 801, the oil hole 802, the outer cavity 702, and the first oil channel in sequence and flow out of the damping valve from the N port.

[0137] Since the oil will generate a pressure drop when flowing through the first flow channel and into the first side chamber 103, the oil pressure outside the first side chamber 103 will be greater than the oil pressure inside, thereby generating a pressure difference. Under the action of the pressure difference, the working cross-section S will generate a closing force that causes the main valve core 2 to move downward. As the oil flow and pressure flowing through the first flow channel continue to increase, the pressure difference and closing force will also continue to increase. First, when the closing force is less than or equal to the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 acting on the main valve core 2, the main valve core 2 is maintained at the position adjusted and controlled by the regulating rod 4 under the action of the elastic force of the first elastic member 3, that is, the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel is maintained at the adjusted and controlled value, and the main valve is in the throttling state adjusted and controlled by the regulating rod 4; then when the closing force is greater than the elastic force of the first elastic member 3 acting on the main valve core 2, the main valve core 2 moves downward under the action of the closing force and compresses the first elastic member 3. Because the flow cross-sectional area of ​​the first flow channel will decrease when the main valve core 2 moves downward, the pressure difference and the closing force will continue to increase. Therefore, the main valve core 2 will continue to move downward under the action of the continuously increasing closing force until the boss structure 2011 of the main valve core 2 is against the upper end of the installation cavity 101. At this time, the oil entering from the M port cannot flow into the first side cavity 103, and the main valve is in a closed state.

[0138] As shown in FIG8 , the dotted oil flow paths m1 and m2 indicate that the working process of the auxiliary valve is the same as that of the third embodiment, so it will not be described in detail.

[0139] Embodiment 5:

[0140] Embodiment 5 is based on Embodiments 1 to 4, and one group of damping valve assemblies 100 is increased to two groups of damping valve assemblies 100. The two groups of damping valve assemblies 100 are symmetrically arranged in the damping valve up and down. The two groups of damping valve assemblies 100 are connected through the valve body 200 and are connected through the oil channel 210 on the valve body 200. The two groups of damping valve assemblies 100 in this embodiment share one valve body 200. The oil channel 210 on the valve body 200 includes a first oil channel, a second oil channel and a third oil channel. The first oil channel, the second oil channel and the third oil channel are respectively connected to port A, port B and port C. As shown in Figure 9, port A, port B and port C are respectively connected to the rod chamber of the shock absorber, the liquid storage cylinder and the rodless chamber of the shock absorber; as shown in Figures 10-12, port A, port B and port C are respectively connected to the liquid storage cylinder, the rod chamber of the shock absorber and the rodless chamber of the shock absorber. As shown in Figures 9-12, the solid line oil flow path is the oil flow path when the shock absorber performs stretching movement, and the dotted line oil flow path is the oil flow path when the shock absorber performs compression movement. Figure 9 is used as an example below.

[0141] The structure shown in FIG9 is a structure in which two groups of damping valve assemblies 100 in Example 1 are symmetrically arranged in the upper and lower parts. When the shock absorber performs a stretching movement, as shown by the solid line oil flow path in FIG9 , the oil enters the first oil channel and the second oil channel from ports A and B respectively and flows from the third oil channel to port C. The operating principle after the oil flows from the oil channel 210 into the damping valve assembly 100 is consistent with the operating principle of Example 1, which will not be described in detail here. It should be noted that, since the rod chamber has a connecting rod of the piston-connecting rod assembly, the working cross-sectional area of ​​the piston in the rod chamber is smaller than the working cross-sectional area of ​​the piston in the rodless chamber. When the shock absorber performs a stretching movement, the volume of the rod chamber that decreases is smaller than the volume of the rodless chamber that increases. Therefore, the amount of oil discharged from the rod chamber is not enough to fill the rodless chamber, and the oil in the reservoir will be replenished to the rodless chamber at the same time.

[0142] When the shock absorber performs a compression movement, as shown by the dotted oil flow path in FIG9 , the oil enters the third oil channel from port C and flows from the first oil channel and the second oil channel to port A and port B respectively. The operating principle after the oil flows from the oil channel 210 into the damping valve assembly 100 is consistent with the operating principle of Example 1 and will not be described in detail here. It should be noted that, due to the presence of the connecting rod of the piston-connecting rod assembly in the rod chamber, the working cross-sectional area of ​​the piston in the rodless chamber is larger than the working cross-sectional area of ​​the piston in the rod chamber. When the shock absorber performs a compression movement, the volume of the rodless chamber decreases more than the volume of the rod chamber increases. Therefore, the oil discharged from the rodless chamber will overflow while filling the rod chamber, and the overflowed oil will flow into the reservoir.

[0143] As shown in Figures 11 and 12 , each of the two damping valve assemblies 100 is equipped with a corresponding disc valve 10. Specifically, the disc valves 10 are located in the second and third oil channels. These disc valves 10 provide both throttling and overflow functions. When oil pressure is low, oil flows directly through the openings of the disc valves 10. When oil pressure is high, the valve disc of the disc valve 10 displaces or elastically deforms to one side under the action of the oil pressure, gradually separating the disc from the sealing surface to form a flow gap. Oil flows out simultaneously from the opening and this flow gap. When the oil pressure decreases or when subjected to reverse oil pressure, the disc returns to its preset position due to the elasticity of the return spring or the material itself, or due to the reverse oil pressure, causing the disc to rest against the sealing surface. Furthermore, the disc valves 10 also prevent accidents in the event of a malfunction of the damping valve assembly 100. If the damping valve assembly 100 becomes stuck and cannot open, or if a blockage occurs within the damping valve, resulting in an oil blockage, the disc valve 10 directs the incoming oil out of the valve body 200. When the damping valve assembly 100 is stuck and cannot be reset or other faults occur, causing the damping valve assembly 100 to lose its throttling and relief functions, the disc valve 10 can play a basic throttling and relief role.

[0144] It should also be noted that when the flow rate or pressure of the oil entering from the oil inlet changes, the damping valve assembly 100 in the damping valve will enter a corresponding operating state. Each stage of the damping valve's operating state will generate a corresponding back pressure in the circuit. Under the action of the back pressure, the working cross-section of the shock absorber's piston will generate a corresponding damping force. In other words, the shock absorber will generate a corresponding damping force in each speed range during its extension or compression movement.

[0145] In addition, the terms "first," "second," "one," etc., used in this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0146] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "connection" and "fixation" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, "fixation" can mean fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. For those skilled in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0147] In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement it. When the combination of technical solutions is mutually contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

Claims

1. A damping valve, comprising a damping valve assembly and a valve body, wherein the valve body is provided with an oil channel for oil to enter and exit, characterized in that: The damping valve assembly also includes: A main valve sleeve, wherein a mounting cavity is provided on the main valve sleeve, an opening is provided at the upper end of the mounting cavity, a first channel is opened on the side wall of the mounting cavity, and the first channel is connected to the oil channel; A main valve core, wherein the main valve core is inserted into the installation cavity of the main valve sleeve, the main valve core can be displaced along the axial direction of the main valve sleeve, the gap between the main valve core and the opening of the installation cavity is a first flow channel, the first flow channel can be connected with the first channel, the main valve core is also provided with a through hole, a first side cavity is formed between the main valve core and the inner wall of the installation cavity, and the first channel is connected with the first side cavity; A first elastic member, wherein the first elastic member is used to apply an elastic force in an axial direction to the main valve core.

2. The damping valve according to claim 1, wherein: The upper part of the main valve core abuts against the main valve sleeve through the first elastic member and closes the opening of the installation cavity, or a gap is generated between the upper part of the main valve core and the opening of the installation cavity through the first elastic member so that the opening of the installation cavity is opened.

3. The damping valve according to claim 2, wherein: The upper part of the main valve core is a boss structure, and the boss structure extends out of the installation cavity. When the main valve core moves downward to a preset position, the boss structure can abut against the upper end of the installation cavity and close the opening of the installation cavity.

4. The damping valve according to claim 3, wherein: The upper part of the inner wall of the installation cavity is recessed outward to form a first groove and / or the outer wall of the main valve core is recessed inward to form a second groove, and the first groove and the second groove together form the first side cavity or the first groove is the first side cavity or the second groove is the first side cavity.

5. The damping valve according to claim 1, wherein: The main valve core is arranged between the main valve sleeve and the regulating component. The regulating component includes a regulating rod. The regulating rod is arranged above the main valve core.

6. The damping valve according to claim 5, wherein: The first elastic member is located between the main valve core and the regulating rod, one end of the first elastic member abuts against the main valve core, and the other end of the first elastic member abuts against the regulating rod.

7. The damping valve according to claim 5, wherein: The regulating component also includes a second elastic member and a support sleeve movably arranged above the main valve core, the first elastic member is located between the main valve core and the support sleeve, one end of the first elastic member abuts against the main valve core, and the other end of the first elastic member abuts against the lower end surface of the support sleeve, the second elastic member is located between the support sleeve and the regulating rod, one end of the second elastic member abuts against the upper end surface of the support sleeve, and the other end of the second elastic member abuts against the regulating rod, the second elastic member is used to apply an axial elastic force to the support sleeve, and the support sleeve is provided with a second channel for connecting the first flow channel and the oil channel, and the main valve core is abutted against the support sleeve when it moves upward to a preset position, and the main valve core can drive the support sleeve to move upward, and the main valve sleeve is provided with a stage extending to the upper end of the mounting cavity, and the lower end of the support sleeve abuts against the stage after the support sleeve moves downward to the preset position.

8. The damping valve according to claim 5, wherein: The regulating component also includes a second elastic member and a support sleeve movably arranged above the main valve core, the first elastic member is located between the main valve core and the main valve sleeve, one end of the first elastic member abuts against the main valve core, and the other end of the first elastic member abuts against the main valve sleeve, the second elastic member is located between the support sleeve and the regulating rod, one end of the second elastic member abuts against the upper end surface of the support sleeve, and the other end of the second elastic member abuts against the regulating rod, the second elastic member is used to apply an axial elastic force to the support sleeve, the support sleeve is provided with a second channel for connecting the first flow channel and the oil channel, the main valve core abuts against the support sleeve, the main valve core can drive the support sleeve to move upward, the main valve sleeve is provided with a stage extending to the upper end of the mounting cavity, and after the support sleeve moves downward to a preset position, the lower end of the support sleeve abuts against the stage.

9. The damping valve according to claim 5, wherein: The first elastic member is located between the main valve core and the main valve sleeve, one end of the first elastic member abuts against the main valve core, the other end of the first elastic member abuts against the main valve sleeve, and the upper end surface of the main valve core can abut against the regulating rod.

10. The damping valve according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: The inner wall of the support sleeve is recessed upward to form an outer movable cavity. The boss structure is located in the outer movable cavity. When the boss structure is displaced upward and abuts against the bottom of the outer movable cavity, and when the boss structure is displaced downward and abuts against the upper end of the installation cavity, a gap exists between the boss structure and the inner wall of the outer movable cavity.

11. The damping valve according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: The middle portion of the support sleeve is recessed downward to form an inner movable cavity, and the second elastic member is arranged between the bottom of the inner movable cavity and the regulating rod.

12. The damping valve according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: The second channel is arranged at a position where the outer periphery of the support sleeve abuts against the stage.

13. The damping valve according to claim 1, wherein: The first elastic member is a spring.

14. The damping valve according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: The second elastic member is a spring.

15. The damping valve according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein: A seal is arranged between the lower outer wall of the main valve core and the inner wall of the installation cavity.

16. The damping valve according to claim 15, wherein: The lower outer wall of the main valve core and the inner wall of the installation cavity are sealed by a first sealing member, and the first sealing member includes a sealing ring.

17. The damping valve according to any one of claims 6 to 9, wherein: The damping valve assembly also includes a third elastic member, an auxiliary valve core and an auxiliary valve sleeve. The auxiliary valve core is arranged in the auxiliary valve sleeve, and the auxiliary valve core can be displaced along the axial direction of the auxiliary valve sleeve. The auxiliary valve core is arranged below the main valve sleeve, and the third elastic member is arranged between the auxiliary valve core and the main valve sleeve. The third elastic member is used to apply an axial elastic force to the auxiliary valve core. A support platform is protruding inwardly at the lower part of the inner wall of the auxiliary valve sleeve, and the auxiliary valve core is abutted against the support platform under the action of the third elastic member. The lower end surface of the auxiliary valve core, the support platform and the valve body are surrounded by an outer cavity.

18. The damping valve according to claim 17, wherein: The inner wall of the auxiliary valve sleeve, the outer wall of the main valve sleeve and the upper end surface of the auxiliary valve core together form a control cavity. The middle part of the auxiliary valve core is recessed downward to form an inner cavity. The lower part of the main valve sleeve is arranged in the inner cavity, and the inner cavity is connected with the control cavity.

19. The damping valve according to claim 18, wherein: The inner wall of the auxiliary valve sleeve, the auxiliary valve core and the support platform together form a second side cavity. The auxiliary valve sleeve is provided with a third channel. The second side cavity is connected with the oil channel through the third channel. The auxiliary valve core is also provided with an oil hole. The oil hole is arranged on the side of the auxiliary valve core or on the bottom of the auxiliary valve core. When the oil hole is arranged on the side of the auxiliary valve core, it connects the inner cavity and the second side cavity. When the oil hole is arranged on the bottom of the auxiliary valve core, it connects the inner cavity and the outer cavity.

20. The damping valve according to claim 19, wherein: The auxiliary valve sleeve is also provided with a fourth channel, and the fourth channel is communicated with the oil channel.

21. The damping valve according to claim 20, wherein: The outer wall of the auxiliary valve core and the inner wall of the auxiliary valve sleeve are sealed.

22. The damping valve according to claim 21, wherein: The outer wall of the auxiliary valve core and the inner wall of the auxiliary valve sleeve are sealed by a second sealing member, and the second sealing member includes a sealing ring.

23. The damping valve according to claim 17, wherein: The third elastic member is a spring.

24. The damping valve according to claim 1, wherein: The damping valve is provided with two groups of damping valve components, and the two groups of damping valve components are connected through the valve body.

25. The damping valve according to claim 24, wherein: A disc valve is arranged on the oil channel of the valve body.

26. A hydraulic damper, characterized in that: The hydraulic damper comprises a shock absorber and the damping valve according to claim 1, and the shock absorber is communicated with the damping valve.

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