Apparatus and method for managing battery

Abstract

An apparatus for managing a battery, according to one embodiment of the present invention, comprises: a reference information storage unit configured to store a reference profile including a reference negative electrode profile; a profile generation unit configured to generate negative electrode profiles of a plurality of batteries by using the reference profile and charge / discharge profiles of the plurality of batteries; a characteristic information generation unit configured to generate negative electrode change ratios of the negative electrode profiles with respect to the reference negative electrode profile for the plurality of batteries; a calculation processing unit configured to calculate a relative difference between the plurality of negative electrode change ratios; and a diagnosis unit configured to diagnose states of the plurality of batteries by using a calculation result of the calculation processing unit.

Description

Battery management device and method

[0001] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2023-0097814, filed on July 26, 2023, and all contents disclosed in the specification and drawings of the said application are incorporated herein by reference.

[0002] The present invention relates to a technology for diagnosing and managing the state of a battery, and more particularly, to a battery management device and method for effectively diagnosing a defective battery by utilizing a relative comparison of the change rate of a cathode profile.

[0003] As the demand for portable electronic devices such as laptops, video cameras, and mobile phones that use electricity as a power source rapidly increases, and as mobile robots, electric bicycles, electric carts, and electric vehicles become more widely commercialized, research into high-performance secondary batteries capable of repeated charging and discharging is actively being conducted.

[0004] Commercialized secondary batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-metal hydride batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, and lithium secondary batteries. Among these, lithium secondary batteries have the advantage of being able to charge and discharge freely and have a very low self-discharge rate because they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based secondary batteries. In addition, they have the characteristics of high energy density and high operating voltage, so they are being studied more intensively than other types of secondary batteries and are being applied more widely in actual products.

[0005] Recently, secondary batteries are widely used not only in small devices such as portable electronic devices, but also in medium and large devices such as electric vehicles and energy storage systems (ESS).

[0006] In this case, battery modules, in which multiple electrically connected secondary batteries are housed together within a module case, are primarily used. Furthermore, when high power or large capacity is required, battery packs, in which multiple such battery modules are electrically connected, are sometimes used.

[0007] Secondary battery cells, cell assemblies, battery modules, or battery packs (hereinafter collectively referred to as "batteries") are critical factors for power efficiency and safety. Therefore, active research is being conducted on battery management systems (BMS), which monitor the electrical characteristics of batteries and utilize the monitoring results to perform feedback control, such as charging and discharging.

[0008] Unlike fossil fuel-based energy generation, secondary cell-based batteries generate energy through electrochemical reactions, and therefore have the problem of not being able to maintain performance at the beginning of life (BOL) state as charge and discharge cycles progress.

[0009] Although this degradation phenomenon is an inherent phenomenon that occurs as the battery is used, it can also be affected by manufacturing defects such as process errors, impurity contamination, physical damage (such as cracks), and short circuits.

[0010] As such, as batteries continue to be used (charged and discharged), their usability diminishes due to deterioration in capacity and output. This deterioration also poses a safety risk. Therefore, accurate and rapid diagnosis of battery deterioration and defects is essential for controlling the limited use of deteriorated batteries, determining replacement timing, and improving the efficiency of battery reuse (or recycling).

[0011] The present invention was created to solve the above-described problem under the above-described background, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a battery management device and method capable of quickly and accurately diagnosing and sorting out defective batteries by using a negative change ratio (ns) generated using the negative profiles of each of a plurality of batteries and a relative difference value therebetween.

[0012] The technical problems to be solved by the present invention are not limited to the problems described above, and other problems not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the invention described below.

[0013] A battery management device according to one aspect of the present invention may include a reference information storage unit configured to store a reference profile including a reference negative profile; a profile generation unit configured to generate a negative profile of each of the plurality of batteries using the reference profile and a charge / discharge profile of each of the plurality of batteries; a characteristic information generation unit configured to generate a negative change ratio of the negative profile compared to the reference negative profile for each of the plurality of batteries; a calculation processing unit configured to calculate a relative difference between the plurality of negative change ratios; and a diagnosis unit configured to diagnose a state of the plurality of batteries using a calculation result of the calculation processing unit.

[0014] The above diagnostic unit may be configured to diagnose a normal battery and a defective battery among the plurality of batteries using the above calculation results.

[0015] A battery management device according to another aspect of the present invention may further include a management control unit configured to control charging and discharging of the defective battery to be limited.

[0016] The above diagnostic unit may be configured to generate degradation rate information for one or more batteries among the plurality of batteries using the operation result.

[0017] A battery management device according to another aspect of the present invention may further include a management control unit configured to control the charge / discharge range of one or more batteries among the plurality of batteries to be differentially limited according to the degradation rate information.

[0018] The above operation processing unit may be configured to perform a weight operation on the result of the difference operation between the average value of the plurality of negative change ratios and the individual negative change ratios.

[0019] The above calculation processing unit may be configured to calculate a statistical deviation value of the plurality of negative change ratios.

[0020] The above diagnostic unit may be configured to further diagnose the deterioration imbalance of the plurality of batteries using the statistical deviation value.

[0021] The above characteristic information generation unit may be configured to calculate the ratio of the negative profile to the reference negative profile as the negative change ratio.

[0022] A battery pack according to another aspect of the present invention may include a battery management device according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0023] A vehicle according to another aspect of the present invention may include a battery management device according to one aspect of the present invention.

[0024] A battery management method according to another aspect of the present invention may include a profile generation step of generating a negative profile of each of a plurality of batteries using a reference profile and a charge / discharge profile of each of the plurality of batteries; a characteristic information generation step of generating, for each of the plurality of batteries, a negative change ratio of the negative profile compared to a reference negative profile included in the reference profile; a calculation processing step of calculating a relative difference between the plurality of negative change ratios; and a diagnosis step of diagnosing the status of the plurality of batteries using a calculation result of the calculation processing step.

[0025] The present invention has the advantage of enabling rapid diagnosis of defective batteries from multiple batteries using a reference profile and the charge / discharge profile of the batteries. Furthermore, the present invention can provide rapid and accurate information on the degradation rate of the defective batteries.

[0026] In addition, since the diagnostic method according to the present invention can be implemented through software that can be installed in a BMS or a module that executes the same, it can provide higher expandability.

[0027] According to one aspect of the present invention, since it is possible to accurately diagnose whether an object (e.g., a battery pack) applied to an actual application device (e.g., an automobile, an ESS, etc.) is degraded and / or degraded imbalance, the effectiveness of battery control and management can be improved.

[0028] In addition, according to the present invention, the efficiency of battery management processing can be further improved by differentially applying the usage restriction range of one or more batteries among a plurality of batteries according to the degradation rate information.

[0029] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention, and together with the detailed description of the invention described below, serve to more effectively understand the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and therefore, the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to the matters described in these drawings.

[0030] FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a detailed configuration of a battery management device according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating a processing process according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0032] FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a processing process according to one embodiment of the present invention in which a cathode profile is determined.

[0033] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating a processing process according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 5 is a drawing showing an example of a graph modification for the charge / discharge profile of a target battery.

[0035] Figure 6 is a drawing showing an example of a graph modification for the negative electrode profile of the target battery.

[0036] Figure 7 is a drawing explaining the cathode change ratio (ns) generated based on the cathode profile.

[0037] FIG. 8 is a drawing illustrating a first embodiment of the cathode change ratio (ns) for each of a plurality of batteries.

[0038] FIG. 9 is a drawing illustrating a second embodiment of the cathode change ratio (ns) for each of a plurality of batteries.

[0039] Figure 10 is a drawing illustrating an example of a distribution of deviation values ​​generated using the cathode change ratio (ns).

[0040] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, it should be noted that the terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be construed as limited to their conventional or dictionary meanings. Based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concepts of terms to best explain his or her invention, they should be interpreted in a way that conforms to the technical spirit of the present invention.

[0041] Therefore, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are only the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that there may be various equivalents and modified examples that can replace them at the time of filing this application.

[0042] In addition, when describing the present invention, if it is determined that a detailed description of a related known configuration or function may obscure the gist of the present invention, the detailed description is omitted.

[0043] Throughout the specification, whenever a part is said to "include" a component, this does not mean that it excludes other components, but rather that it may include other components, unless otherwise stated.

[0044] Additionally, terms such as processor described in the specification mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, which may be implemented by hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0045] Additionally, throughout the specification, when we say that a part is "connected" to another part, this includes not only cases where it is "directly connected" but also cases where it is "indirectly connected" with other elements in between.

[0046] FIG. 1 is a block diagram illustrating a detailed configuration of a battery management device (100) according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a flowchart explaining a processing process according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] As illustrated in FIG. 1, the battery management device (100) of the present invention may be configured to include a reference information storage unit (110), a measurement unit (120), a profile generation unit (130), a characteristic information generation unit (140), an operation processing unit (150), a diagnosis unit (160), a management control unit (170), and an information sharing unit (180).

[0048] Before going into a detailed description of the present invention, it is obvious that the battery management device (100) according to the present invention can be implemented through various combinational applications of electronic devices, parts, etc., such as storage means, operation processing means, input / output means, etc. Therefore, each component of the battery management device (100) illustrated in FIG. 1 should be understood as a functionally or logically distinct component rather than a physically distinct component.

[0049] That is, since each component illustrated in the above drawing corresponds to a logical configuration for effectively explaining the technical idea of ​​the present invention, even if each component is configured integrated or separated, if the function performed by the logical configuration of the present invention can be realized, it should be interpreted as being within the scope of the present invention, and of course, if it is a component that performs the same or similar function, it should be interpreted as being within the scope of the present invention regardless of whether or not the name is consistent.

[0050] In addition, the battery management method according to the present invention can be implemented as a set or algorithm of processing related to data processing, handling, control, operation, input / output, etc., and thus, it can be implemented by a combination of logical configurations shown in FIG. 1, as well as in the form of software installed and operated in a system, device, computer (or a device equivalent thereto), BMS, module, or sub-component thereof.

[0051] The battery management device (100) of the present invention may be configured to detect or diagnose normal and defective batteries among a plurality of batteries (10). According to an embodiment, the battery management device (100) may be configured to generate and output diagnostic data for a plurality of batteries (10) for organic linkage with other components, modules, devices, etc.

[0052] Here, a defective battery (BB) refers to an abnormal battery that has a relatively high degree of deterioration compared to other batteries or that cannot exhibit the designed driving performance due to process errors, physical damage, etc.

[0053] From a corresponding perspective, a normal battery (NB) refers to a battery that has characteristics opposite to those of a defective battery (BB), but has driving performance (deterioration level, etc.) equivalent to or similar to other batteries, or a battery that implements normal driving performance (taking into account the margin of error) corresponding to the designed specifications. Here, normal driving performance does not mean driving performance in the BOL (Beginning Of Life) state, but rather driving performance that is expressed at a normal level of degradation according to the number of times or degree of use while going through a normal degradation process.

[0054] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the battery management device (100) can diagnose and manage a plurality of batteries (10). For example, the battery management device (100) can diagnose and manage k batteries, where k is a natural number greater than or equal to 2.

[0055] Additionally, in FIG. 1, the plurality of batteries (10) may be single cells or cell assemblies in which multiple cells are connected in series and / or parallel.

[0056] The profile generation unit (130) of the present invention is configured to generate a negative electrode profile (Rn, see FIG. 6, etc.) of each of a plurality of batteries (10) (S220).

[0057] Before going into a detailed description of the specific functions and processing of the present invention, the process of generating the negative electrode profile (Rn) of each of the plurality of batteries (10) will first be briefly examined with reference to FIG. 3, etc.

[0058] FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating a processing process according to one embodiment of the present invention in which a cathode profile is determined.

[0059] The reference information storage unit (110) can be configured to store a negative profile (hereinafter referred to as a “reference negative profile”) and a positive profile (hereinafter referred to as a “reference positive profile”) for charging or discharging a reference battery (S300, see FIG. 3).

[0060] The reference profile may include a reference anode profile and a reference cathode profile. The reference profile may be a graph that can be expressed on a coordinate system in which the horizontal axis (X-axis) represents capacity (Ah) or state of charge (SOC) and the vertical axis (Y-axis) represents voltage (V), or a function representing the graph or a data set.

[0061] The reference positive (negative) profile may be a profile representing the positive (negative) voltage by capacity measured while charging or discharging a three-electrode cell or a positive (negative) half-cell, etc.

[0062] Here, the reference battery is a battery having specifications or specifications equivalent to those of the battery to be diagnosed (hereinafter referred to as the “target battery”), and may be a battery in the BOL (Beginning Of Life) state or a simulated ideal battery for relative comparison with the target battery.

[0063] The measuring unit (120) is configured to measure the electrical characteristic values ​​(voltage, etc.) of the target battery during the charging or discharging process (S310). When the electrical characteristic values ​​of the target battery are measured in this manner, the profile generating unit (130) of the present invention generates a charge / discharge profile (M) as illustrated in FIG. 5 using the correlation between the measured electrical characteristic values ​​(voltage, etc.) and the capacity of the target battery (S320).

[0064] When the charge / discharge profile (M) is generated, the profile generation unit (130) performs processing to compare or contrast the charge / discharge profile (M) with the simulation profile (S330).

[0065] Here, the charge / discharge profile (M) is a voltage profile by capacity measured from the target battery, and the simulation profile is a profile that is pre-stored or obtained from pre-stored data (reference positive electrode profile and reference negative electrode profile) for comparison with the profile of the target battery.

[0066] Therefore, the simulation profile can be stored together with the reference positive (negative) profile in the reference information storage unit (110).

[0067] When the battery deteriorates with use (including when there is a problem in the manufacturing process), the charge / discharge profile (M) of the target battery changes, resulting in a difference between the simulation profile and the charge / discharge profile (M).

[0068] To minimize this difference, the profile generation unit (130) can adjust the reference profile to correspond to the charge / discharge profile (M). For example, the profile generation unit (130) can perform processing such as axis movement, scale adjustment, ratio adjustment, offset adjustment, and shrinkage adjustment on the reference positive electrode profile and / or the reference negative electrode profile. The profile generation unit (130) can set the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile through processing, and apply fitting to the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile. As a fitting result, the profile generation unit (130) can obtain the positive electrode profile (Rp, see FIG. 6) and the negative electrode profile (Rn, see FIG. 6) of the target battery in which deterioration (defects), etc. are substantially reflected (S340).

[0069] Specifically, factors such as pi (positive initial), pf (positive final), and ps (positive shrinkage) can be derived from the positive profile (Rp). Similarly, factors such as ni (negative initial), nf (negative final), and ns (negative shrinkage) can be derived from the negative profile (Rn).

[0070] Here, pi is the starting potential value of the positive electrode profile (Rp) (the positive electrode potential value at the start of the capacity of the full cell), pf is the ending potential value of the positive electrode profile (Rp) (the positive electrode potential value at the end of the capacity of the full cell). ni is the starting potential value of the negative electrode profile (Rn) (the negative electrode potential value at the start of the capacity of the full cell), and nf is the ending potential value of the negative electrode profile (Rn) (the negative electrode potential value at the end of the capacity of the full cell). ps is the change ratio of the positive electrode profile (Rp) compared to the reference positive electrode profile, and ns is the change ratio of the negative electrode profile (Rn) compared to the reference negative electrode profile.

[0071] The profile generation unit (130) can obtain the positive electrode profile (Rp) and the negative electrode profile (Rn) of the target battery by changing the ratio of the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile, etc. so that the capacity of the adjusted positive electrode profile and the adjusted negative electrode profile corresponds to the capacity of the target battery under the condition that the potential difference between pi and ni corresponds to the starting voltage of the target battery and the potential difference between pf and nf corresponds to the ending voltage of the target battery. For example, the potential difference between pi and ni corresponds to the starting voltage of the charge / discharge profile (M), and the potential difference between pf and nf corresponds to the ending voltage of the charge / discharge profile (M).

[0072] According to the embodiment, the positive (negative) profile of the target battery can also be obtained by changing the ratio of pi, pf, ni, nf and the adjusted positive (negative) profile after setting the capacity in advance.

[0073] When the negative profile (Rn) of each target battery is generated or acquired through a method such as this, the characteristic information generation unit (140) generates a change ratio of the negative profile (Rn), specifically, a change ratio of the negative profile (Rn) compared to the reference negative profile (hereinafter referred to as “negative change ratio (ns)”) for each of the plurality of batteries (S230). Fig. 7 is a drawing explaining the negative change ratio (ns) generated based on the negative profile. Specifically, the characteristic information generation unit (140) may be configured to calculate the ratio of the negative profile to the reference negative profile as the negative change ratio.

[0074] For example, in the embodiment of FIG. 1, the characteristic information generation unit (140) generates k negative change ratios (ns).

[0075] The negative change ratio (ns) is an indicator representing the degree of battery degradation. As the degree of degradation increases, the size of the negative change ratio (ns) itself can be a key parameter for diagnosing the degree of battery degradation.

[0076] As described above, batteries applied to application devices (electric vehicles, ESS, etc.) are generally formed in a grouped form of a plurality of batteries (10) as illustrated in FIG. 1. If there is a large difference in the degree of degradation among the grouped batteries, collective performance degradation may occur in which the overall performance of the grouped batteries is reduced to the level of the battery with the greatest degree of degradation (i.e., the most severe performance degradation).

[0077] In this respect, it is desirable to configure a defective battery (BB) to be selected based on the relative difference in deterioration among a plurality of batteries (10), so the calculation processing unit (150) is configured to calculate the relative difference in a plurality of negative electrode change ratios (ns) (S240).

[0078] As a method for calculating the relative difference, a method for comparing the negative change ratio (ns) itself relatively can be applied, a method for calculating the difference between the average value of multiple negative change ratios (ns) and an individual negative change ratio (ns), or a method for functionally calculating a weight on the result of such difference calculation can be applied (S241). For example, the weight can be set proportionally to the size of the result of the difference calculation.

[0079] When such a weighting operation is applied, it can provide the advantage of more clearly distinguishing between batteries whose cathode change ratio (ns) falls within the average range and those whose cathode change ratio falls outside the average range.

[0080] When the relative difference of multiple negative change ratios (ns) is calculated in this way (S240), the diagnosis unit (160) uses the calculation result of the calculation processing unit (150) to diagnose the status of multiple batteries (10) (S250).

[0081] Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating a first embodiment of the negative change ratio (ns) for each of a plurality of batteries. Specifically, Fig. 8 is a diagram illustrating, in graph form, the distribution of the negative change ratio (ns) for ten batteries, reference numbers 11 through 20.

[0082] In the embodiment of FIG. 8, since batteries No. 12 and No. 19 have relatively low negative change ratios (ns) compared to other batteries, the diagnostic unit (160) can diagnose these batteries (No. 12 and No. 19) as defective batteries (BB) (S251). In addition, from a corresponding perspective, since the negative change ratios (ns) of each of the remaining batteries form a distribution with a small deviation from the average, the diagnostic unit (160) can diagnose the remaining batteries (No. 11, 13-18, 20) as normal batteries (NB) (S251).

[0083] Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating a second embodiment of the negative change ratio (ns) for each of a plurality of batteries. Specifically, Fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating, in graph form, the distribution of the negative change ratio (ns) for ten batteries, reference numbers 57 to 66.

[0084] In the embodiment of FIG. 9, since battery number 57 exhibits a relatively low negative change ratio (ns) compared to other batteries, the diagnostic unit (160) can diagnose this battery (reference number 57) as a defective battery (BB) (S251). In addition, from a corresponding viewpoint, since the negative change ratios (ns) of each of the remaining batteries form a distribution with a small deviation from the average, the diagnostic unit (160) can diagnose the remaining batteries (reference numbers 58-66) as normal batteries (NB) (S251).

[0085] Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of a distribution of deviation values ​​generated using the negative change ratio (ns). Specifically, Fig. 10 is a diagram illustrating the result of performing a weighted operation (square of the difference operation result) on the difference operation result between the average value of multiple negative change ratios (ns) and individual negative change ratios (ns) based on the negative change ratios (ns) of multiple batteries illustrated in Fig. 8.

[0086] The square or exponential function of the deviation value (the difference between the average value of the cathode change rate (ns) and the individual cathode change rate) (e.g., f(x)=2 x, When a weighting operation such as x is performed (absolute value of deviation), as illustrated in FIG. 10, the value of a defective battery (BB) can be more clearly displayed in contrast to the value of a normal battery (NB), so that the resolution for distinguishing a defective battery (BB) can be implemented more precisely.

[0087] In this way, when a defective battery (BB) is diagnosed by the diagnosis unit (160) of the present invention, the management control unit (170) of the present invention can exclude the defective battery (BB) from charge / discharge processing or control the charge / discharge of the defective battery (BB) to be limited to a specific range (S260).

[0088]

[0089] Figure 4 is a flowchart illustrating a processing process according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0090] As described above, when the current status of multiple batteries is diagnosed (S400) and a normal battery (NB) and a defective battery (BB) are selected accordingly (S410), the diagnosis unit (160) can be configured to generate degradation rate information of the defective battery (BB) by calculating a relative rate of the negative change rate (ns) of the defective battery (BB) through a method such as comparing it with the capacity value of the reference battery (S420).

[0091] When the degradation rate information of a defective battery (BB) or the like is generated in this way and input into the management control unit (170), the management control unit (170) can limit the charge / discharge range of the defective battery (BB). Here, the management control unit (170) can control the charge / discharge range of the defective battery (BB) to be differentially limited according to the degradation rate information, such as by making the charge / discharge range limit relatively large in the case of a defective battery (BB) with relatively large degradation rate information (S430).

[0092] According to the embodiment, the reference information storage unit (110) may be configured to further store identification information of a plurality of batteries (10) and / or attribute information including identification information.

[0093] In this case, the information sharing unit (180) may be configured to generate status information including identification information, defect information, or deterioration rate information of multiple batteries (10) and output the information to a user terminal or vehicle information system (S440).

[0094] Furthermore, when the negative change ratios (ns) of each of the plurality of batteries (10) are generated as described above, the operation processing unit (150) can calculate statistical deviation values ​​(variance values, standard deviation values, etc.) of the plurality of negative change ratios (ns).

[0095] Since the statistical deviation value is generated using the negative change rate (ns) of each of the plurality of batteries (10), this statistical deviation value becomes information representing the properties of a cell assembly (e.g., a battery module, a battery bank, or a battery pack, etc.) referring to the plurality of batteries (10).

[0096] When a statistical deviation value is generated in this way, the diagnostic unit (160) can additionally diagnose the deterioration imbalance of multiple batteries (10) using this statistical deviation value.

[0097] A relatively large statistical deviation value (e.g., compared to a reference value) indicates a large deviation in the degradation of multiple batteries (10). In other words, this indicates that the degradation among the multiple batteries (10) is not balanced or uniform. A relatively small statistical deviation value indicates that the degradation of the multiple batteries (10) is uniform.

[0098] In this way, in the case of the present invention, since the presence and degree of deterioration imbalance of an upper assembly such as a pack or module are diagnosed, subsequent processing or operation such as limited use, exclusion of charge / discharge, and determination of replacement time targeting a pack or module unit can be more effectively induced.

[0099] The battery management device (100) according to the present invention can be applied to a BMS (Battery Management System). That is, the BMS according to the present invention can include the battery management device (100) described above. In this configuration, at least some of the components of the battery management device (100) can be implemented by supplementing or adding to the functions of the components included in a conventional BMS.

[0100] In addition, the battery management device (100) according to the present invention may be provided in a battery pack. That is, the battery pack according to the present invention may include the battery management device (100) described above and one or more batteries.

[0101] Furthermore, the battery management device (100) according to the present invention can be equipped in a vehicle such as an electric vehicle or a hybrid vehicle. That is, the vehicle according to the present invention can include the battery management device according to the present invention or the battery pack according to the present invention. Furthermore, the vehicle according to the present invention can further include various other components included in the vehicle in addition to the battery management device (100) or the battery pack. For example, the vehicle according to the present invention can further include a body, a motor, a control device such as an ECU (electronic control unit), etc. in addition to the device according to the present invention.

[0102]

[0103] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is obvious that various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention and the equivalent scope of the patent claims to be described below by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains.

[0104] The drawings attached for the purpose of explaining the present invention and illustrating embodiments thereof may be illustrated in a somewhat exaggerated form to emphasize or highlight the technical contents of the present invention. However, it should be interpreted that it is obvious that various modified application examples may be possible at the level of a person skilled in the art in consideration of the contents described above and matters illustrated in the drawings.

[0105] In addition, it is self-evident that expressions such as first, second, upper, lower, or top and bottom in the description of the present invention are merely instrumental conceptual terms used to relatively distinguish each component (element) from each other, and are not terms used to indicate a specific order, priority, etc., or terms used to physically distinguish each component (element) on an absolute basis.

[0106] (Explanation of symbols)

[0107] 10: Multiple batteries

[0108] 100: Battery management device

[0109] 110: Reference information storage unit

[0110] 120: Measurement section

[0111] 130: Profile generation section

[0112] 140: Characteristic information generation unit

[0113] 150: Operation processing unit

[0114] 160: Diagnostic Department

[0115] 170: Management Control Unit

[0116] 180: Information Sharing Department

Claims

1. A reference information storage unit configured to store a reference profile including a reference cathode profile; A profile generation unit configured to generate a negative electrode profile of each of the plurality of batteries using the reference profile and the charge / discharge profile of each of the plurality of batteries; A characteristic information generation unit configured to generate a negative change ratio of the negative profile compared to the reference negative profile for each of the plurality of batteries; A calculation processing unit configured to calculate the relative difference between multiple negative change ratios; and A battery management device characterized by including a diagnostic unit configured to diagnose the status of the plurality of batteries using the calculation results of the calculation processing unit.

2. In paragraph 1, The above diagnostic section, A battery management device characterized in that it is configured to diagnose a normal battery and a defective battery among the plurality of batteries using the above operation results.

3. In paragraph 2, A battery management device further comprising a management control unit configured to control charging and discharging of the defective battery to be limited.

4. In paragraph 1, The above diagnostic unit is configured to generate degradation rate information for one or more batteries among the plurality of batteries using the operation result, A battery management device further comprising a management control unit configured to control the charge / discharge range of at least one battery among the plurality of batteries to be differentially limited according to the degradation rate information.

5. In paragraph 1, The above operation processing unit, A battery management device characterized in that it is configured to perform a weighting operation on the result of a difference operation between the average value of the plurality of negative change ratios and the individual negative change ratios.

6. In paragraph 1, The above operation processing unit is configured to calculate the statistical deviation value of the plurality of negative change ratios, A battery management device characterized in that the diagnostic unit is configured to further diagnose the deterioration imbalance of the plurality of batteries using the statistical deviation value.

7. In paragraph 1, The above characteristic information generation unit, A battery management device characterized in that it is configured to calculate the ratio of the negative profile to the reference negative profile as the negative change ratio.

8. A battery pack comprising a battery management device according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. A vehicle including a battery management device according to any one of paragraphs 1 to 7.

10. A profile generation step of generating a negative electrode profile of each of the plurality of batteries using a reference profile and a charge / discharge profile of each of the plurality of batteries; A characteristic information generation step of generating a negative change ratio of the negative profile compared to the reference negative profile included in the above reference profile for each of the plurality of batteries; A calculation processing step for calculating the relative difference between the above plurality of negative change ratios; and A battery management method characterized by including a diagnosis step for diagnosing the status of the plurality of batteries using the calculation result of the above calculation processing step.

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