Acoustic output device

Abstract

An acoustic output device (100), comprising a sound production part (110), a support member (120), and a sensor (130). The sound production part (110) is configured to accommodate a sound production unit that produces sound. The support member (120) is configured to locate the sound production part (110) near the ear but not to block the position of the ear canal. The sensor (130) comprises at least one ultrasonic transducer located inside the sound production part. The sensor (130) is configured to transmit a first ultrasonic signal to the outside of the sound production part (110) by means of the at least one ultrasonic transducer. The sensor (130) is further configured to detect a second ultrasonic signal by means of the at least one ultrasonic transducer and determine a wearing state of the acoustic output device (100) on the basis of the detection. The second ultrasonic signal comprises the first ultrasonic signal or a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal. When the second ultrasonic signal detected by the sensor (130) changes after the wearing state of the acoustic output device (100) changes, the output state of the acoustic output device (100) changes.

Description

Acoustic output device Technical Field

[0001] This specification relates to the field of acoustics, and in particular to an acoustic output device. Background Art

[0002] In the current market, wear detection sensors are widely used in products such as TWS (True Wireless Stereo) headphones. A typical application involves automatically waking up the system when it detects the user is wearing the headphones, and automatically entering standby mode when it detects the user has removed the headphones. This reduces power consumption and extends usage time, while also saving users steps and significantly improving the user experience.

[0003] Currently, mainstream wear detection sensors include photoelectric sensors and capacitive sensors. When performing wear detection on open-ear headphones, since open-ear headphones lack a fixed in-ear structure, they may be unstable and have inconsistent wearing positions. Traditional wear detection solutions cannot achieve ideal detection results. For example, wear detection solutions based on capacitive sensors are easily interfered with (such as by sweat). For another example, wear detection solutions based on photoelectric sensors can be affected by DC light at different wearing positions or low-frequency light signals during exercise.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a device and method that can accurately identify the wearing condition of open-ear headphones.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] One embodiment of this specification provides an acoustic output device. The acoustic output device includes a sound-emitting portion, a support member, and a sensor. The sound-emitting portion is configured to accommodate a sound-generating unit. The support member is configured to position the sound-emitting portion near the ear but not to block the ear canal. The sensor includes at least one ultrasonic transducer located within the sound-emitting portion. The sensor is configured to transmit a first ultrasonic signal to the exterior of the sound-emitting portion via the at least one ultrasonic transducer. The sensor is further configured to detect a second ultrasonic signal via the at least one ultrasonic transducer and determine the wearing state of the acoustic output device based on the detection. The second ultrasonic signal includes the first ultrasonic signal or a reflection of the first ultrasonic signal. When the wearing state of the acoustic output device changes, resulting in a change in the second ultrasonic signal detected by the sensor, the output state of the acoustic output device changes.

[0007] In some embodiments, the sound-emitting portion includes an inner wall facing the ear, and at least one ultrasonic transducer is arranged on the inner wall.

[0008] In some embodiments, at least one ultrasonic transducer includes a vibrating plate configured to generate a first ultrasonic signal. The frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is not less than 40 kHz. An opening is provided on the inner wall, and the first ultrasonic signal propagates toward the outside of the sound-emitting portion through the opening.

[0009] In some embodiments, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is not less than 150 kHz.

[0010] In some embodiments, the directivity of the first ultrasonic signal has an angle range of 5°-90°.

[0011] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the openings on the inner wall is in the range of 0.5 mm 2 -1cm 2 .

[0012] In some embodiments, the sound emitted by the sound-emitting unit is directed to the outside of the sound-emitting portion through the openings on the inner wall.

[0013] In some embodiments, a sound outlet hole is provided on the inner side wall, and the sound emitted by the sound emitting unit is guided to the outside of the sound emitting portion through the sound outlet hole.

[0014] In some embodiments, at least one ultrasonic transducer is single, and the single ultrasonic transducer transmits a first ultrasonic signal to the outside of the sound-emitting part during a transmitting time period and detects a second ultrasonic signal during a receiving time period, where the second ultrasonic signal is a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal.

[0015] In some embodiments, at least one ultrasonic transducer is provided in multiple numbers, with a portion of the plurality of ultrasonic transducers transmitting a first ultrasonic signal toward the exterior of the sound-emitting portion. Other portions of the plurality of ultrasonic transducers detect a second ultrasonic signal, which is a reflection of the first ultrasonic signal. All of the plurality of ultrasonic transducers are located within the sound-emitting portion.

[0016] One embodiment of this specification also provides an acoustic output device. The acoustic output device includes a sound-emitting portion, an ear hook, and a sensor. The sound-emitting portion is configured to accommodate a sound-generating unit that generates sound. One end of the ear hook is connected to the sound-emitting portion and is positioned near the ear but not blocking the ear canal. The other end of the ear hook is connected to a target chamber. When the acoustic output device is worn, the sound-emitting portion and the target chamber are located on either side of the auricle, respectively. The sensor includes a first ultrasonic transducer and a second ultrasonic transducer, respectively located in the sound-emitting portion and the target chamber. The sensor is configured to transmit an ultrasonic signal from one of the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer to the other and to detect the ultrasonic signal from the other of the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer. The sensor is further configured to determine the wearing state of the acoustic output device based on the detection. When the wearing state of the acoustic output device changes, causing the ultrasonic signal detected by the sensor to change, the output state of the acoustic output device changes.

[0017] In some embodiments, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is not less than 20 kHz.

[0018] In some embodiments, the directionality of the ultrasonic signal has an angle range of 5°-90°.

[0019] In some embodiments, the sound-emitting portion includes an inner wall facing the ear, and the first ultrasonic transducer is arranged on the inner wall.

[0020] In some embodiments, the sensor is configured to transmit an ultrasonic signal through the first ultrasonic transducer to the second ultrasonic transducer and to detect the ultrasonic signal through the second ultrasonic transducer.

[0021] In some embodiments, the first ultrasonic transducer includes a vibrating sheet configured to generate an ultrasonic signal. An opening is provided on the inner side wall, and the ultrasonic signal propagates toward the outside of the sound-emitting portion through the opening.

[0022] In some embodiments, the area of ​​the openings on the inner wall is in the range of 0.5 mm 2 -1cm 2 .

[0023] In some embodiments, the sound emitted by the sound-emitting unit is directed to the outside of the sound-emitting portion through the openings on the inner wall.

[0024] In some embodiments, a sound outlet hole is provided on the inner side wall, and the sound emitted by the sound emitting unit is guided to the outside of the sound emitting portion through the sound outlet hole.

[0025] In some embodiments, the sensor is configured to transmit an ultrasonic signal to the first ultrasonic transducer through the second ultrasonic transducer and to detect the ultrasonic signal through the first ultrasonic transducer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] The present application will be further described in the form of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not limiting, and in these embodiments, like numbers represent like structures, wherein:

[0027] FIG1 is a module diagram of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0028] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0029] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0030] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an in-ear acoustic output device provided with a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0031] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a non-in-ear acoustic output device provided with a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0032] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a high-frequency ultrasonic transducer according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0033] 7 is a schematic diagram of a non-in-ear acoustic output device provided with a high-frequency ultrasonic transducer according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0034] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a non-in-ear acoustic output device provided with an ultrasonic transducer having a large directional angle according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0035] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a non-in-ear acoustic output device provided with an ultrasonic transducer having a small directional angle according to some embodiments of the present specification;

[0036] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of a non-in-ear acoustic output device equipped with a single ultrasonic transducer according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0037] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a non-in-ear acoustic output device provided with multiple ultrasonic transducers according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0038] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present specification;

[0039] FIG13A is a schematic diagram of detecting a wearing state of a non-in-ear acoustic output device according to some embodiments of this specification;

[0040] FIG13B is a schematic diagram of detecting a wearing state of a non-in-ear acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely examples or embodiments of this application. Those skilled in the art can apply this application to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without inventive effort. Unless otherwise apparent from the context or otherwise noted, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0042] It should be understood that the terms "system," "device," "unit," and / or "module" used herein are a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions, or assemblies at different levels. However, if other terms can achieve the same purpose, the terms may be replaced by other expressions.

[0043] As used in this application and the claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" are not intended to refer to the singular but may include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprises" and "include" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements specifically identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. A method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0044] Flowcharts are used in this application to illustrate the operations performed by the systems according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that the preceding or following operations are not necessarily performed in exact order. Instead, the steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Furthermore, other operations may be added to these processes, or one or more operations may be removed from these processes.

[0045] FIG1 is a block diagram of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. In some embodiments, as shown in FIG1 , the acoustic output device 100 may include a sound-emitting portion 110 , a support member 120 , and a sensor 130 .

[0046] The sound-emitting portion 110 is configured to be placed near the user's ear but not blocking the ear canal, and the sound-emitting portion 110 can generate sound to input into the user's ear canal. In some embodiments, the sound-emitting portion 110 can include a sound-emitting unit.

[0047] The sound-emitting unit is a component in the acoustic output device 100 that converts electrical signals into sound. In some embodiments, the types of sound-emitting units may include dynamic, electromagnetic, capacitive, piezoelectric, etc. Specifically, the dynamic sound-emitting unit includes a permanent magnet and a coil that can serve as a magnetic source. When current passes through the coil, it interacts with the magnetic field generated by the magnetic source, causing the diaphragm to vibrate and emit sound. The electromagnetic sound-emitting unit includes an electromagnet that can serve as a magnetic source. When power is applied, the coil generates a magnetic field, causing the electromagnet to attract or repel the diaphragm, thereby generating vibration and emitting sound. The capacitive sound-emitting unit uses two parallel electrode plates to drive the diaphragm. The diaphragm can be made of insulating material with conductive material coated on both sides. When a voltage is applied between the electrodes, the generated electric field force drives the diaphragm to vibrate and emit sound. The piezoelectric sound-emitting unit uses piezoelectric ceramics or piezoelectric polymers as the diaphragm. When voltage is applied, the shape of the piezoelectric material changes, thereby generating vibration and emitting sound.

[0048] The support member 120 is a component used to secure the sound-emitting portion 110 near the user's ear without blocking the ear canal. In some embodiments, the support member 120 is an arc-shaped structure that fits the junction of the user's ear and head (see support member 220 shown in Figure 2). The support member 120 can be hung at the junction of the auricle and the head to keep the sound-emitting portion 110 fixed near the ear without blocking the ear canal. In some embodiments, the support member 120 is a structure that adapts to the user's auricle and can be clamped to the user's auricle. For example, the support member 120 spans the auricle and clamps on both sides of the user's auricle to keep the sound-emitting portion 110 fixed to the ear without blocking the ear canal. In some embodiments, the support member 120 can have an arc-shaped structure that matches the human head area, so that it can adapt to the user's head area such as the back of the head, forehead, or top of the head. For example, the support member 120 is a rear-hanging structure, which is an arc-shaped structure that fits the contour of the back of the user's head. In some embodiments, the support member 120 can be made of a flexible, lightweight, and wear-resistant material, such as polyamide, rubber, silicone, soft plastic, titanium alloy, or stainless steel.

[0049] The sensor 130 is used to identify the wearing state of the acoustic output device 100. In some embodiments, the sensor 130 includes a capacitive sensor that converts contact pressure into a capacitance value. Based on this, the capacitive sensor can detect changes in capacitance between the acoustic output device 100 being worn and not being worn, and identify the wearing and not being worn state based on the capacitance. In some embodiments, the sensor 130 includes a pressure sensor that converts contact pressure into an electrical signal. The pressure sensor can detect changes in the electrical signal between the acoustic output device 100 being worn and not being worn, and identify the wearing and not being worn state based on the magnitude of the electrical signal. In some embodiments, the sensor 130 includes a photoelectric sensor that converts an optical signal into an electrical signal. The photoelectric sensor can detect changes in the electrical signal between the acoustic output device 100 being worn and not being worn, and identify the wearing and not being worn state based on the magnitude of the electrical signal.

[0050] In some embodiments, the sensor 130 includes at least one ultrasonic transducer. The ultrasonic transducer is used to transmit and / or detect ultrasound. The sensor 130 can transmit a first ultrasonic signal and detect a second ultrasonic signal via the ultrasonic transducer, and determine the wearing state of the acoustic output device 100 based on the detected second ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, the second ultrasonic signal includes the first ultrasonic signal or a reflection of the first ultrasonic signal. For example, when the detected second ultrasonic signal is a reflection of the first ultrasonic signal, when the acoustic output device 100 is not worn, the transmitted first ultrasonic signal directly propagates to the outside world, and the second ultrasonic signal is not detected. For another example, when the detected second ultrasonic signal is a reflection of the first ultrasonic signal, when the acoustic output device 100 is worn, the transmitted first ultrasonic signal is effectively reflected by the human ear, causing the reflected signal to be stronger, resulting in the detected second ultrasonic signal having a greater strength than the transmitted first ultrasonic signal. For another example, when the detected second ultrasonic signal is the first ultrasonic signal, and the acoustic output device 100 is not being worn, the intensity of the emitted first ultrasonic signal and the detected second ultrasonic signal are consistent or approaching consistency; when the acoustic output device 100 is being worn, the second ultrasonic signal is not detected. Thus, the wearing state of the acoustic output device 100 can be determined based on a comparison of the second ultrasonic signal with the first ultrasonic signal.

[0051] In some embodiments, the functional modules included in the ultrasonic transducer can be set as needed. For example, the ultrasonic transducer may include a functional module that is used for both transmitting ultrasound and receiving ultrasound. For another example, the ultrasonic transducer includes a transmitting functional module and a receiving functional module, the transmitting functional module is used to transmit ultrasound, and the receiving functional module is used to receive ultrasound. As an example only, the ultrasonic transducer includes a piezoelectric material. Exemplary piezoelectric materials include piezoelectric ceramics, piezoelectric crystals (for example, barium titanate, lead zirconate titanate, etc.), piezoelectric polymers (for example, polyvinylidene fluoride), etc. or any combination thereof. Due to the piezoelectric effect / inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material, the ultrasonic transducer can convert electrical energy into mechanical vibration to generate an ultrasonic signal. At the same time, when the ultrasonic transducer receives the ultrasonic signal, mechanical vibration occurs accordingly to generate electrical energy.

[0052] In some embodiments, the sensor 130 further includes a control circuit. The control circuit can identify whether the acoustic output device 100 is in a worn state or a non-worn state based on the detection of the second ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, when the sensor 130 detects a change in the second ultrasonic signal, it can determine that the worn state of the acoustic output device 100 has changed. For example, when the detected second ultrasonic signal is a reflection of the first ultrasonic signal, and the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal increases, it can be determined that the acoustic output device 100 has switched from a non-worn state to a worn state. For another example, when the detected second ultrasonic signal is the first ultrasonic signal, and the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal decreases, it can be determined that the acoustic output device 100 has switched from a worn state to a non-worn state. In some embodiments, the control circuit presets a threshold for the difference in intensity between the transmitted first ultrasonic signal and the detected second ultrasonic signal. The threshold is the minimum difference between the intensity of the first ultrasonic signal and the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal. The control circuit can determine the difference in intensity between the first and second ultrasonic signals. When the detected second ultrasonic signal is a reflection of the first ultrasonic signal and the difference is greater than a threshold, the control circuit can determine that the acoustic output device 100 is in a worn state; when the difference is less than or equal to the threshold, the control circuit can determine that the acoustic output device 100 is in a non-worn state. When the detected second ultrasonic signal is the same as the first ultrasonic signal and the difference is greater than a threshold, the control circuit can determine that the acoustic output device 100 is in a worn state; when the difference is less than or equal to the threshold, the control circuit can determine that the acoustic output device 100 is in a non-worn state. In some embodiments, the threshold can be set as needed. For example, to reduce the probability of false detection and improve the accuracy of wear detection, the threshold can be set to a larger value. False detection, as described herein, refers to a situation where the sensor detects the acoustic output device as being in a worn state when it is not worn due to contact with a non-ear structure (e.g., a finger).

[0053] In some embodiments, when the wearing state of the acoustic output device 100 changes, causing the second ultrasonic signal of the sensor 130 to change, the output state of the acoustic output device 100 changes accordingly. Specifically, when the acoustic output device 100 is worn, the acoustic output device 100 switches to an active state, i.e., the sound-generating unit begins generating sound. When the acoustic output device 100 is not worn, the acoustic output device 100 switches to a non-active state, i.e., the sound-generating unit ceases generating sound. In some embodiments, a control circuit can control the switching of the output state of the acoustic output device 100. When the control circuit detects that the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal increases or the difference (the difference in the intensity between the first and second ultrasonic signals) is greater than or equal to a threshold, the control circuit controls the acoustic output device 100 to switch to an active state. When the control circuit detects that the second ultrasonic signal decreases or the difference is less than the threshold, the control circuit controls the acoustic output device 100 to switch to a non-active state.

[0054] In some embodiments, an ultrasonic transducer may be located in the sound-emitting portion 110 and configured to transmit and receive ultrasonic signals. For example, the ultrasonic transducer may include a transmitting module and a receiving module, wherein the transmitting module is configured to transmit a first ultrasonic signal and the receiving module is configured to receive a second ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, the sensor 130 may include multiple ultrasonic transducers, which may be located in the sound-emitting portion 110. Some of the multiple ultrasonic transducers may be configured to transmit the first ultrasonic signal, while another portion of the multiple ultrasonic transducers may be configured to receive the second ultrasonic signal.

[0055] In some embodiments, the sensor 130 includes two ultrasonic transducers, one located in the sound-emitting portion 110 and the other in the target chamber, or the positions of the two are swapped. In some embodiments, the sensor 130 includes multiple ultrasonic transducers. Some of the multiple ultrasonic transducers used to transmit ultrasonic signals can be placed in the housing of the sound-emitting portion 110, and some of the multiple ultrasonic transducers used to receive ultrasonic signals can be placed in the target chamber, or the positions of the two are swapped. The target chamber is the chamber located on either side of the auricle with the sound-emitting portion 110 when the acoustic output device 100 is worn. In some embodiments, the target chamber is the battery compartment of the acoustic output device 100. In some embodiments, the target chamber is the partial cavity inside the support member 120.

[0056] In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 100 may further include a shell that accommodates the sound-emitting part 110 and the sensor 130. The shell may be connected to the support member 120. The shell is an outer shell structure for accommodating and protecting the components located therein. In some embodiments, the shape of the shell may be a rectangular parallelepiped, a quasi-rectangular parallelepiped, a cylinder, an ellipsoid, or other regular or irregular three-dimensional structures. The shell may be designed as a one-piece or split type. For example, the shell may include two parts located at both ends of the support member 120 and connected to the support member 120 respectively, one part for accommodating the sound-emitting part 110, and the other part for forming the target chamber. In some embodiments, the material of the shell may be metal, plastic, ceramic, etc., so that the shell has good strength, wear resistance and anti-interference performance, and effectively protects the internal components (such as the sound-emitting part 110 and the sensor 130). For more description of the acoustic output device, please refer to other parts of this specification, such as Figure 2, Figure 12 and their related descriptions.

[0057] Open-ear (or non-in-ear) acoustic output devices 100 lack a fixed in-ear structure, resulting in poor stability and consistency in their wearing position. The acoustic output device 100 uses an ultrasonic transducer to detect its wearing condition. Ultrasonic sensors are immune to interference from substances like sweat and rain, reducing the probability of false detection of the acoustic output device 100's wearing condition and making it more suitable for open-ear headphone wear detection.

[0058] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of this specification. As shown in Figure 2, acoustic output device 200 may include a sound-emitting portion 210, a support member 220, and a sensor 230. In some embodiments, sound-emitting portion 110, support member 220, and sensor 230 are exemplary embodiments of sound-emitting portion 110, support member 120, and sensor 130 shown in Figure 1.

[0059] In some embodiments, the sound-emitting portion 210 (or the shell that houses the sound-emitting portion) is shaped like a rectangular parallelepiped (or in a runway shape). A cavity is provided inside the sound-emitting portion 210 for accommodating the sound-emitting unit 211. The sound-emitting unit 211 can generate sound. In some embodiments, a sound hole (not shown) is provided on a side of the sound-emitting portion 210 (e.g., a side close to and approximately parallel to the user's ear), and the sound generated by the sound-emitting unit 211 can be output through the sound hole and received by the user's ear.

[0060] In some embodiments, the support member 220 is an ear hook, formed into an arc-shaped structure that fits snugly at the junction of the user's ear and head. In some embodiments, the support member 220 has a hook-shaped portion 221. When the acoustic output device 200 is worn, the hook-shaped portion 221 of the support member 220 is positioned between the user's auricle and head. The hook-shaped portion 221 extends away from the head and connects to one end of the sound-emitting portion 210, thereby securing the sound-emitting portion 210 near the ear hole without blocking the ear hole.

[0061] In some embodiments, the sensor 230 includes at least one ultrasonic transducer 231, which is located within the sound-emitting portion 210. The ultrasonic transducer 231 can transmit a first ultrasonic signal toward the outside of the sound-emitting portion 210 and detect a second ultrasonic signal. The second ultrasonic signal is a reflection of the first ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, when the acoustic output device 200 is worn, the first ultrasonic signal can be reflected by the user's ear structure (e.g., the cavum concha), and the ultrasonic transducer 231 receives the reflection of the first ultrasonic signal (i.e., the second ultrasonic signal). The second ultrasonic signal has a greater intensity than the first ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, when the acoustic output device 200 is not worn, the first ultrasonic signal is not reflected and propagates directly to the outside world, and the ultrasonic transducer 231 does not receive the second ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, when the acoustic output device 200 is not worn, the first ultrasonic signal is reflected by objects other than the user's ear structure, and the second ultrasonic signal received by the ultrasonic transducer 231 has an intensity that is consistent with, or tends to be consistent with, the first ultrasonic signal.

[0062] In some embodiments, the sensor 230 further includes a control circuit (not shown) that can detect the second ultrasonic signal and determine the wearing state of the acoustic output device 200 based on the detection. For example, when the control circuit detects that the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal is greater than that of the first ultrasonic signal, the control circuit determines that the acoustic output device 200 is in the wearing state. For another example, when the control circuit detects that the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal is close to or equal to that of the first ultrasonic signal, the control circuit determines that the acoustic output device 200 is in the not-worn state. For another example, when the control circuit fails to detect the second ultrasonic signal, the control circuit determines that the acoustic output device 200 is in the not-worn state. In some embodiments, the control circuit is communicatively connected to the ultrasonic transducer 231. The ultrasonic transducer 231 can transmit the first and second ultrasonic signals to the control circuit in real time. In some embodiments, the control circuit presets a first threshold value for the difference in intensity between the first and second ultrasonic signals. When the control circuit detects that the intensity difference between the second ultrasonic signal and the first ultrasonic signal is greater than or equal to the first threshold, it can be determined that the acoustic output device 200 is in the worn state; when the control circuit detects that the intensity difference between the second ultrasonic signal and the first ultrasonic signal is less than the first threshold, it can be determined that the acoustic output device 200 is in the non-worn state.

[0063] In some embodiments, upon detecting a change in the wearing state of the acoustic output device 200, the control circuit may control the acoustic output device 200 to change its output state. When the control circuit determines that the acoustic output device 200 has switched from a non-wearing state to a wearing state, the control circuit controls the acoustic output device 200 to switch to an operating state. When the control circuit determines that the acoustic output device 200 has switched from a wearing state to a non-wearing state, the control circuit controls the acoustic output device 200 to switch to a non-operating state.

[0064] It should be noted that the acoustic output device 200 shown in FIG2 is for illustrative purposes only and does not constitute a limitation. For example, the support member 220 may be a rear-mounted structure. For example, the sensor 230 may include multiple ultrasonic transducers 231. For another example, the ultrasonic transducer 231 may include multiple functional modules. For more information about the acoustic output device 200, please refer to FIG10-11 and the related descriptions.

[0065] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic transducer 231 includes a vibrating plate. The vibrating plate includes a piezoelectric material. Due to the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material, the vibrating plate can convert an electrical signal into mechanical vibration. The mechanical vibration causes the air to oscillate, generating an ultrasonic signal. When the ultrasonic transducer 231 receives an ultrasonic signal, the ultrasonic signal causes the air to oscillate, causing the vibrating plate to vibrate mechanically. Due to the inverse piezoelectric effect of the piezoelectric material, the vibrating plate can convert the mechanical vibration into an electrical signal. The ultrasonic transducer 231 transmits and receives ultrasonic signals by applying an electrical signal to the vibrating plate and identifying the electrical signal generated by the vibrating plate.

[0066] In some embodiments, the vibrating piece can generate a first ultrasonic signal. Since the acoustic output device 200 adopts an open wearing method, the angle and position of the sound-emitting portion 210 relative to the ear may be different each time the user wears the acoustic output device 200, resulting in the wearing position of the sound-emitting portion 210 being unstable and variable. In order to more accurately detect the wearing state of the sound-emitting portion 210 (or the acoustic output device 200), it is necessary to improve the spatial directivity of the ultrasonic transducer 231. When the directivity is strong enough, the first ultrasonic signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer 231 can be reflected and effectively detected only when the sound-emitting portion 210 is worn at a specific position and angle. In some embodiments, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer 231 can be increased to improve the directivity of the ultrasonic transducer 231, thereby achieving more accurate detection of the wearing state of the sound-emitting portion 210 and reducing the probability of false detection.

[0067] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer according to some embodiments of the present specification.

[0068] A low-frequency ultrasonic transducer refers to an ultrasonic transducer whose frequency of the ultrasonic signal emitted is lower than a certain value. For example, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal emitted by the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer is lower than 40kHz, 30kHz, 25kHz, etc. As shown in Figure 3, the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 can be regarded as a point sound source. The low-frequency long wave emitted by the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 is diffused at a large angle (for example, 360°). At this time, the ultrasonic signal emitted by the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 has no directionality. The directionality described in the specification may refer to the directional angle of the ultrasonic signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer, which is consistent with the angle at which the ultrasonic signal diffuses from the ultrasonic transducer. The smaller the directional angle of the ultrasonic signal, the better the directionality. The diffusion angle of the ultrasonic signal shown in Figure 3 is 360°. At this time, the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 lacks directionality.

[0069] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an in-ear acoustic output device provided with a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer according to some embodiments of the present specification.

[0070] An in-ear acoustic output device refers to an acoustic output device that blocks the user's ear canal when worn. As shown in Figure 4, when a user wears the in-ear acoustic output device 300, the front end of the acoustic output device 300 will penetrate deep into the user's ear canal and block the ear canal 310, and the portion of the acoustic output device 300 close to the ear canal (e.g., portion A) will be blocked by the user's ear structure 320. When the in-ear acoustic output device 300 performs a wearing detection, the low-frequency long wave emitted by the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 spreads 360°. The ultrasonic signal in the wearing detection direction along the user's ear canal is enhanced by the reflection of the ear canal structure, and the ultrasonic signal away from the user's ear canal is also enhanced by the occlusion and reflection of the ear structure. In other words, the ultrasonic signal emitted by the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 will be blocked by the user's ear structure, and basically no false detection will occur. Therefore, the application of the low-frequency ultrasonic generating unit 331 on the in-ear acoustic output device 300 can also accurately detect the wearing status.

[0071] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a non-in-ear acoustic output device provided with a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer according to some embodiments of the present specification.

[0072] A non-in-ear acoustic output device (e.g., acoustic output device 200) refers to an acoustic output device that is close to the user's ear but does not block the ear canal when worn. As shown in Figure 5, when the user wears the non-in-ear acoustic output device, the non-in-ear acoustic output device is in an open state as a whole. When the non-in-ear acoustic output device performs a wearing detection, the low-frequency long wave emitted by the low-frequency ultrasonic transducer 331 is diffused 360°. The ultrasonic signal in the wearing detection direction toward the user's ear is enhanced due to the reflection of the ear structure, but the ultrasonic signal in other directions cannot be blocked by the ear structure and will leak from various angles and positions, so that objects in other directions will interfere with the ultrasonic signal, resulting in false detection. In addition, the non-in-ear acoustic output device has a large variability in the angle and position relative to the ear when worn, and the probability of objects appearing in other directions is high, thereby increasing the probability of false detection. Therefore, for the non-in-ear acoustic output device, its wearing state cannot be accurately detected by the low-frequency ultrasonic generating unit 331.

[0073] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a high-frequency ultrasonic transducer according to some embodiments of the present specification.

[0074] A high-frequency ultrasonic transducer is one that emits ultrasonic signals with a frequency higher than a certain value. For example, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal emitted by a high-frequency ultrasonic transducer is higher than 40kHz, 50kHz, etc. As shown in Figure 6, the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 631 can be considered a surface sound source, and the high-frequency waves emitted by the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 631 can diffuse in a direction. For example, the high-frequency waves diffuse in a direction toward one side of the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 631, and the ultrasonic signal emitted by the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 631 then has directionality.

[0075] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a non-in-ear acoustic output device provided with a high-frequency ultrasonic transducer according to some embodiments of the present specification.

[0076] As shown in Figure 7, when a non-in-ear acoustic output device is worn, the high-frequency waves emitted by the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 631 propagate in a specific direction, enabling identification of any obstructing structures in that direction. When the non-in-ear acoustic output device is effectively worn, the ultrasonic signal emitted by the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 631 is primarily obstructed and reflected by the user's ear structure in the direction of transmission, and is largely unaffected by obstructions in other directions, resulting in virtually no false detections. Because the ultrasonic signal emitted by the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 631 is directional, the reflected signal can only be received when the sound-emitting portion of the non-in-ear acoustic output device is worn in a specific position and angle. Based on this, by adopting the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 631, various irregular wearing postures that the non-in-ear acoustic output device may have can be eliminated. For example, when the actual wearing position of the non-in-ear acoustic output device is offset from the correct wearing position, the sensor cannot detect the second ultrasonic signal or the difference between the detected second signal and the emitted first ultrasonic signal does not meet the conditions (for example, is lower than the threshold). At this time, the irregular wearing of the non-in-ear acoustic output device will not be detected as being in the wearing state.

[0077] In some embodiments, the higher the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal of the ultrasonic transducer, the stronger its directivity, and the lower the probability of misdetection. In some embodiments, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is not less than 40kHz. In some embodiments, to further improve the directivity of the first ultrasonic signal, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is not less than 100kHz. In some embodiments, to enable the first ultrasonic signal to point to a specific direction and improve the accuracy of wearing status recognition, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is not less than 150kHz. Preferably, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is not less than 180kHz. More preferably, the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is not less than 200kHz.

[0078] By limiting the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal, various irregular wearing configurations of non-in-ear acoustic output devices can be eliminated. By increasing the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal, the directionality of the first ultrasonic signal can be enhanced, thereby reducing the probability of false detection caused by other factors.

[0079] In some embodiments, the directivity (also known as the directional angle) of the first ultrasonic signal emitted by at least one ultrasonic transducer 231 can be set within a preset angle range. Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a non-in-ear acoustic output device with an ultrasonic transducer having a larger directional angle according to some embodiments of this specification. As shown in Figure 8, when the directional angle of the first ultrasonic signal emitted by at least one ultrasonic transducer 231 is large, for example, when the directional angle is 120°, the transmission path of the first ultrasonic signal cannot be fully covered by the user's ear structure (Figure 8 shows the ear area 810), and the leaked first ultrasonic signal is easily reflected by other objects, causing false touches and misdetection. For example, when touching the acoustic output device 200, a finger is easily placed on the transmission path of the first ultrasonic signal, causing the control circuit to mistakenly determine that the acoustic output device 200 is in the worn state and mistakenly switch the working state of the acoustic output device 200.

[0080] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a non-in-ear acoustic output device with an ultrasonic transducer having a smaller directional angle according to some embodiments of this specification. As shown in Figure 9, when the directional angle of the first ultrasonic signal emitted by at least one ultrasonic transducer 231 is small, for example, when the directional angle is 30°, the emission path of the first ultrasonic signal is fully covered by the ear structure of the user (the ear area 810 is shown in Figure 9), and false touch is not likely to occur. Therefore, in some embodiments, the preset angle range may be 5°-90°. In some embodiments, in order to further improve the directionality of the first ultrasonic signal, the preset angle range may be 10°-70°. Preferably, the preset angle range may be 10°-60°. More preferably, the preset angle range may be 10°-50°.

[0081] Continuing to refer to FIG2 , the sound-emitting portion 210 includes an inner wall that faces the user's ear when worn. In some embodiments, in order to enable the sound-emitting portion 210 to cover more of the user's ear when worn, ensure the sound reception effect of the user's ear canal, and reduce the probability of misdetection, the area of ​​the inner wall of the sound-emitting portion 210 can be as large as possible. However, in order to ensure the lightness of the acoustic output device 200 and meet the user's wearing comfort requirements, the area of ​​the inner wall can be as small as possible. Therefore, when setting the area of ​​the inner side, it is necessary to comprehensively consider multiple factors such as the sound reception effect and wearing comfort. In some embodiments, the area range of the inner wall can be 1mm 2 -100mm 2 Preferably, the area of ​​the inner wall is 10mm 2 -80mm 2 More preferably, the area of ​​the inner wall is 20 mm 2 -60mm 2 .

[0082] In some embodiments, due to positional limitations of the sound-emitting unit 211, at least one ultrasonic transducer 231 may be positioned on the inner sidewall. In some embodiments, the position of the ultrasonic transducer 231 within the effective projected area of ​​the inner sidewall is not restricted. The effective projected area refers to the area of ​​the inner sidewall directly opposite the ear. Positioning the ultrasonic transducer 231 within the effective projected area ensures that the transmission path of the first ultrasonic signal from the ultrasonic transducer 231 falls within the ear. In some embodiments, the effective projected area of ​​the inner sidewall is less than or equal to the area of ​​the inner sidewall.

[0083] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic transducer 231 is positioned near the connection between the sound-emitting portion 210 and the support member 220 (see point B in FIG2 ). This allows the support member 220 to share more of the mass of the ultrasonic transducer 231, thereby improving the stability of the sound-emitting portion 210 when worn and reducing the probability of it falling off during wear. The connection may refer to the area where the sound-emitting portion 210 and the support member 220 are connected.

[0084] In some embodiments of this specification, the ultrasonic transducer 231 is disposed on the inner wall of the sound-emitting portion 210, thereby leaving sufficient space for the sound-emitting unit 211 to be installed inside the sound-emitting portion. Furthermore, when the sound-emitting portion 210 is worn, the inner wall faces the user's ear, and the ultrasonic signal (e.g., the first ultrasonic signal) emitted by the ultrasonic transducer 231 can fall on the ear, making wear detection more accurate and sensitive.

[0085] In some embodiments, an opening is provided on the inner side wall, and the first ultrasonic signal propagates to the outside of the sound-emitting portion 210 through the opening. In some embodiments, the opening is on the transmission path of the first ultrasonic signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer 231, so that the first ultrasonic signal can propagate to the outside of the sound-emitting portion 210 through the opening. In some embodiments, the shape of the opening may include but is not limited to regular or irregular shapes such as square, circular, polygonal, etc. In some embodiments, the number of openings on the inner side wall may be 1, 2, or more. In some embodiments, the multiple openings provided on the inner side wall may be distributed in an array or irregularly distributed. In some embodiments, the intensity of the ultrasonic signal emitted and received by the ultrasonic transducer 231 can be adjusted by adjusting the area, number, or density of the openings. In some embodiments, the openings may be covered with a waterproof / dustproof net to prevent the holes provided on the inner side wall from affecting the reliability of the sound output device.

[0086] In some embodiments, since the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is relatively high and its wavelength is relatively short, it is less likely to be affected by the relevant structures of the acoustic output device 200 (such as openings, damping nets, waterproof / dustproof nets, etc.). Therefore, the openings on the inner wall do not need to be set to a large area to achieve the transmission and reception of ultrasonic signals. The smaller the area of ​​the opening, the more conducive it is to protecting the integrity of the acoustic output device 200, but the area of ​​the opening cannot be too small. A too small opening area will cause most of the transmitted and reflected ultrasonic signals to be blocked by the shell of the sound-emitting part 210, thereby causing the ultrasonic transducer 231 to emit and receive fewer ultrasonic signals. In some embodiments, in order to protect the integrity of the acoustic output device 200 and avoid the ultrasonic transducer 231 emitting and receiving fewer ultrasonic signals, the area range of the opening can be 0.5mm 2 -100mm 2 The area range here refers to the total area range of one or more openings provided on the inner wall. In some embodiments, in order to further protect the integrity of the acoustic output device 200, the area range of the openings can be 0.5mm 2 -50mm 2 Preferably, the area of ​​the opening is 1mm 2 -30mm 2 More preferably, the opening area range is 5mm 2 -20mm 2 .

[0087] Some embodiments of this specification use a high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 231 so that the opening on the inner wall does not need to be large in area to transmit and receive ultrasonic signals, thereby reducing the assembly requirements of the ultrasonic transducer 231 in the acoustic output device 200.

[0088] In some embodiments, the ultrasonic transducer 231 and the sound-emitting unit 211 can share an opening, and there is no need to set an additional sound outlet hole on the inner wall. The first ultrasonic signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer 231 and the sound emitted by the sound-emitting unit are both exported to the outside of the sound-emitting part 210 through the opening. At this time, the vibrating plate of the ultrasonic transducer 231 can be directly opposite the opening, or the center of the vibrating plate and the projection position of the center of the opening on the ear are close. At the same time, the sound-emitting unit 211 needs to be set as close to the opening as possible. In some embodiments, the distance between the center of the vibrating plate and the projection position of the center of the opening on the inner wall ranges from 0mm to 10mm (for example, 0mm-8mm, 0mm-5mm, etc.).

[0089] Some embodiments of this specification allow the ultrasonic transducer 231 and the sound unit 211 to share a common opening, thereby avoiding the need for multiple holes in the limited inner wall area, thereby protecting the integrity of the acoustic output device 200. Without increasing the space occupied by the holes on the inner wall, the area of ​​the opening can be appropriately increased to ensure the output performance of the ultrasonic transducer 231 and the sound unit 211.

[0090] In some embodiments, the inner wall is provided with both an opening and a sound outlet. The ultrasonic transducer 231 and the sound-emitting unit 211 may correspond to the opening and the sound outlet, respectively. The first ultrasonic signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer 231 is directed to the exterior of the sound-emitting portion 210 through the opening, and the sound emitted by the sound-emitting unit 211 is directed to the exterior of the sound-emitting portion 210 through the sound outlet.

[0091] In some embodiments of this specification, the ultrasonic transducer 231 and the sound-generating unit 211 correspond to the opening and the sound-emitting hole, respectively, so that the selection of the installation position of the ultrasonic transducer 231 can be made more flexible.

[0092] In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 200 includes a single ultrasonic transducer 231. In this case, the ultrasonic transducer 231 has the function of both transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals. In some embodiments, the single ultrasonic transducer 231 transmits a first ultrasonic signal toward the exterior of the sound-emitting portion 210 during a transmission period and detects a second ultrasonic signal during a reception period. The second ultrasonic signal is a reflection of the first ultrasonic signal. The reception period follows the transmission period, and the interval between the transmission and reception periods can be greater than the vibration decay period of the ultrasonic transducer 231. The vibration decay period refers to the time it takes for the ultrasonic transducer's vibration to decay after the transmission signal ends.

[0093] When the acoustic output device 200 performs a wear detection, if the ultrasonic transducer 231 is far from the ear, the second ultrasonic signal will not return to the ultrasonic transducer 231 during the decay period. Consequently, the attenuated vibration during the decay period will not affect the ultrasonic transducer 231's detection of the second ultrasonic signal. That is, the attenuated vibration and the vibration used to detect the second ultrasonic signal will not interfere with each other. If the ultrasonic transducer 231 is close to the ear, the second ultrasonic signal may return to the ultrasonic transducer 231 during the decay period. Consequently, the attenuated vibration during the decay period will affect the ultrasonic transducer 231's detection of the second ultrasonic signal. That is, the attenuated vibration and the vibration used to detect the second ultrasonic signal will interfere with each other. To prevent the ultrasonic transducer 231 from detecting the second ultrasonic signal when the ultrasonic transducer 231 is close to the ear, the decay period can be as short as possible. In some embodiments, the higher the frequency of the ultrasonic signal, the shorter the decay period. Therefore, when the ultrasonic transducer 231 is closer to the ear, it is necessary to use an ultrasonic transducer 231 that transmits ultrasonic signals at a higher frequency (e.g., 40 kHz, 100 kHz, 150 kHz, 180 kHz, or 200 kHz). In some embodiments, the sensor 230 can determine the wearing state of the acoustic output device 200 based on the first ultrasonic signal transmitted by the ultrasonic transducer 231 during the transmission time period and the second ultrasonic signal received during the reception time period. For example, if the sensor 230 receives no ultrasonic signal during the reception time period, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is not being worn. For another example, if the difference in intensity between the first ultrasonic signal transmitted during the transmission time period and the second ultrasonic signal received during the reception time period is within a preset range, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is being worn. If the difference in intensity between the first ultrasonic signal transmitted during the transmission time period and the second ultrasonic signal received during the reception time period is outside the preset range, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is not being worn.

[0094] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of a non-in-ear acoustic output device equipped with a single ultrasonic transducer, according to some embodiments of this specification. As shown in Figure 10, the acoustic output device 200 is in the worn state. During the transmission period, the high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 231 transmits a first ultrasonic signal directed toward the ear. The transmission path of the first ultrasonic signal is fully or partially blocked by the ear (ear region 810 shown in Figure 10), resulting in a reflection. During the reception period, the ultrasonic transducer 231 receives a reflected second ultrasonic signal. Because the ear amplifies the reflected signal, if the signal strength of the second ultrasonic signal is greater than that of the first ultrasonic signal, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is in the worn state. When the acoustic output device 200 is not worn, the first ultrasonic signal diffuses directly to the outside world or is blocked by a distant object, resulting in a weak reflection. During the reception period, the ultrasonic transducer 231 receives no ultrasonic signal or a weaker second ultrasonic signal. If there is no second ultrasonic signal or the signal strength of the second ultrasonic signal is less than that of the first ultrasonic signal, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is not in the worn state.

[0095] Some embodiments of this specification can reduce the mass of the acoustic output device 200 by adopting an ultrasonic transducer 231 with the function of transmitting and receiving ultrasonic signals, meet the requirements of the acoustic output device 200 being lightweight, reduce the burden on the user, and help reduce product costs.

[0096] In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 200 includes multiple ultrasonic transducers 231. In this case, some of the multiple ultrasonic transducers 231 are capable of transmitting ultrasonic signals, transmitting a first ultrasonic signal toward the exterior of the sound-emitting portion 210. Others of the multiple ultrasonic transducers 231 are capable of receiving ultrasonic signals, receiving and detecting a second ultrasonic signal. Both the transmitting ultrasonic transducer 231 and the receiving ultrasonic transducer 231 are disposed within the sound-emitting portion 210. In some embodiments, the sensor 230 can determine the wearing state of the acoustic output device 200 based on the first ultrasonic signal transmitted by the transmitting ultrasonic transducer 231 and the second ultrasonic signal received by the receiving ultrasonic transducer 231. For example, if the receiving ultrasonic transducer 231 does not receive an ultrasonic signal, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is not being worn. For another example, if the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal received by the ultrasonic transducer 231 with a receiving function is less than or equal to the intensity of the first ultrasonic signal transmitted by the ultrasonic transducer 231 with a transmitting function, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is in the non-worn state. For another example, if the intensity of the second ultrasonic signal received by the ultrasonic transducer 231 with a receiving function is greater than the intensity of the first ultrasonic signal transmitted by the ultrasonic transducer 231 with a transmitting function, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is in the worn state. In some embodiments, the ultrasonic transducer 231 with a transmitting function is a high-frequency ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasonic transducer 231 with a receiving function is a low-frequency ultrasonic transducer or a high-frequency ultrasonic transducer.

[0097] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a non-in-ear acoustic output device equipped with multiple ultrasonic transducers, according to some embodiments of this specification. As shown in FIG11 , the acoustic output device 200 is in a worn state. The high-frequency ultrasonic transducer 231A transmits a first ultrasonic signal directed toward the ear. The transmission path of the first ultrasonic signal is fully or partially blocked by the ear ( FIG11 shows the ear region 810 ), resulting in a reflection. The ultrasonic transducer 231B receives the reflected second ultrasonic signal. If the signal strength of the second ultrasonic signal is greater than the first ultrasonic signal, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is in a worn state. When the acoustic output device 200 is not worn, the first ultrasonic signal diffuses directly to the outside world or is blocked by a distant object, resulting in a weak reflection. The ultrasonic transducer 231B receives no ultrasonic signal or receives a weaker second ultrasonic signal. If there is no second ultrasonic signal or the signal strength of the second ultrasonic signal is less than the first ultrasonic signal, the sensor 230 determines that the acoustic output device 200 is not worn.

[0098] Some embodiments of this specification separately set an ultrasonic transducer 231 with a transmitting function and an ultrasonic transducer 231 with a receiving function. There is no need to distinguish the transmitting time and the receiving time of the ultrasonic transducer 231, and the time for the ultrasonic transducer 231 to transmit ultrasound can be set more flexibly in the time domain.

[0099] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of an acoustic output device according to some embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in FIG12 , the acoustic output device 300 may include a sound-emitting portion 310 , an ear hook 320 , a sensor 330 , and a target chamber 340 .

[0100] In some embodiments, the sound-emitting portion 310 has a cavity internally configured to accommodate a sound-generating unit 311. An ear hook 320 positions the sound-emitting portion 310 near the ear without blocking the ear canal. When the acoustic output device 300 is worn, the end of the ear hook 320 closest to the face connects to the sound-emitting portion 310, while the end of the ear hook 320 closest to the back of the head connects to the target chamber 340. The sound-emitting portion 310 and the target chamber 340 are positioned across the user's auricle, one on each side of the auricle.

[0101] In some embodiments, the sound-emitting portion 310, ear hook 320, and sensor 330 are exemplary embodiments of the sound-emitting portion 110, support member 120, and sensor 130 shown in FIG1 . In some embodiments, the sound-emitting portion 310, ear hook 320, and sensor 330 are similar to the sound-emitting portion 210, support member 220, and sensor 230 shown in FIG2 . The acoustic output device 300 may optionally utilize the relevant technical features of the acoustic output device 200. For more information about the sound-emitting portion 310, ear hook 320, and sensor 330, please refer to the relevant description of FIG2 . The acoustic output device 300 shown in FIG3 is for illustrative purposes only and does not constitute a limitation. For example, the target chamber 340 can be located in any area of ​​the ear hook 320 near the back of the head, and is not limited to being connected to the end of the ear hook 320 near the back of the head.

[0102] The target chamber 340 is a cavity for accommodating the second ultrasonic transducer 332. In some embodiments, the target chamber 340 can be cylindrical, rectangular, or other custom shapes to meet the requirements of the internal component layout. In some embodiments, the target chamber 340 can be made of ABS plastic, metal alloy, or other suitable materials to ensure lightweight, durable, and comfortable wearing. In some embodiments, the acoustic output device 300 includes a battery or a circuit board, which can be located in the sound-emitting portion 310, in the target chamber 340, or in the ear hook 320.

[0103] In some embodiments, the sensor 330 includes a first ultrasonic transducer 331 and a second ultrasonic transducer 332. The first ultrasonic transducer 331 is located within the sound-emitting portion 310, and the second ultrasonic transducer 332 is located within the target chamber 340. The first ultrasonic transducer 331 can transmit an ultrasonic signal to the second ultrasonic transducer 332, which then receives the ultrasonic signal. Alternatively, the second ultrasonic transducer 332 can transmit an ultrasonic signal to the first ultrasonic transducer 331, which then receives the ultrasonic signal. For ease of explanation, the following assumes that the first ultrasonic transducer 331 transmits the ultrasonic signal and the second ultrasonic transducer 332 receives the ultrasonic signal. When the acoustic output device 300 is worn, the ultrasonic signal transmitted by the first ultrasonic transducer 331 is blocked by the user's auricle, resulting in the second ultrasonic transducer 332 receiving no or minimal ultrasonic signal.

[0104] When the directivity of the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal (e.g., the first ultrasonic transducer 331) is insufficient, the ultrasonic signal emitted by the first ultrasonic transducer 331 may leak from the periphery of the auricle and be received by the ultrasonic transducer that receives the ultrasonic signal (e.g., the second ultrasonic transducer 332), resulting in an erroneous detection of the wearing state. To more accurately detect the wearing state of the acoustic output device 300, the spatial directivity of the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal can be improved. When the directivity is strong enough, the ultrasonic signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal can be completely blocked by the auricle. In some embodiments, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal can be increased to improve the directivity of the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal, thereby achieving more accurate detection of the wearing state of the acoustic output device 300. In some embodiments, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal is not less than 20 kHz. In some embodiments, to further improve the directivity of the first ultrasonic transducer 331, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal is not less than 40 kHz. Preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal is not less than 80 kHz. Preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal is not less than 100kHz. Preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal is not less than 150kHz. Preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal is not less than 180kHz. More preferably, the frequency of the ultrasonic signal is not less than 200kHz. In some embodiments, the characteristics of the ultrasonic transducer receiving the ultrasonic signal, other than the setting position, such as ultrasonic frequency, power, directivity, etc., may be the same as those of the ultrasonic transducer transmitting the ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, since only ultrasonic signals need to be received, the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic transducer receiving the ultrasonic signal may be lower than the ultrasonic frequency of the ultrasonic transducer transmitting the ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, since only ultrasonic signals need to be received, the power of the ultrasonic transducer receiving the ultrasonic signal may be lower than the power of the ultrasonic transducer transmitting the ultrasonic signal. In some embodiments, since only ultrasonic signals need to be received, the directivity of the ultrasonic transducer receiving the ultrasonic signal may be lower than the directivity of the ultrasonic transducer transmitting the ultrasonic signal.

[0105] In some embodiments, the sensor 330 can determine the wearing state of the acoustic output device 300 based on the ultrasonic signal detected by the ultrasonic transducer that receives the ultrasonic signal. For example, when no or very little ultrasonic signal is detected, the sensor 330 determines that the acoustic output device 300 is in the wearing state; otherwise, it is in the non-wearing state. In some embodiments, the sensor 330 can determine the wearing state of the acoustic output device 300 based on the ultrasonic signal emitted by the ultrasonic transducer that transmits the ultrasonic signal and the ultrasonic signal detected by the ultrasonic transducer that receives the ultrasonic signal. For example, when the intensity of the emitted ultrasonic signal and the detected ultrasonic signal are consistent or approaching consistency, the sensor 330 determines that the acoustic output device 300 is in the non-wearing state; otherwise, it is in the wearing state. In some embodiments, the sensor 330 presets a second threshold value for the difference in intensity between the emitted and detected ultrasonic signals. Specifically, if no ultrasonic signal is detected or the difference in intensity between the emitted and detected ultrasonic signals is greater than a second threshold, sensor 330 determines that acoustic output device 300 is in the worn state. If the intensity of the emitted and detected ultrasonic signals is the same or the difference is less than the second threshold, sensor 330 determines that acoustic output device 300 is not in the worn state. In some embodiments, the second threshold can be determined based on the desired false detection probability; a higher second threshold indicates a lower false detection probability.

[0106] In some embodiments, when the sensor 330 detects a change in the wearing state of the acoustic output device 300, the output state of the acoustic output device 300 is controlled to change accordingly. When the sensor 330 determines that the acoustic output device 300 has switched from a non-wearing state to a wearing state, the acoustic output device 300 is controlled to switch to an operating state, for example, by controlling the sound-generating unit 311 to emit a sound. When the sensor 330 determines that the acoustic output device 300 has switched from a wearing state to a non-wearing state, the acoustic output device 300 is controlled to switch to a non-operating state, for example, by controlling the sound-generating unit 311 to stop emitting a sound.

[0107] Figures 13A and 13B are schematic diagrams illustrating detection of the wearing state of a non-in-ear acoustic output device according to some embodiments of this specification. When the acoustic output device 300 is not being worn, as shown in Figure 13A , the first ultrasonic transducer 331 transmits an ultrasonic signal with a directionality toward the second ultrasonic transducer 332, and the second ultrasonic transducer 332 receives the ultrasonic signal. If the ultrasonic signal received by the second ultrasonic transducer 332 has the same intensity as the ultrasonic signal transmitted by the first ultrasonic transducer 331, or the intensity difference is less than a second threshold, the sensor 330 determines that the acoustic output device 300 is not being worn. When the acoustic output device 300 is in the worn state, as shown in FIG13B , the path for the first ultrasonic transducer 331 to transmit the ultrasonic signal to the second ultrasonic transducer 332 is completely or partially blocked by the ear (the ear region 810 is shown in FIG13B ), and the second ultrasonic transducer 332 does not receive the ultrasonic signal or the intensity difference between the received ultrasonic signal and the transmitted ultrasonic signal is greater than a second threshold value. The sensor 330 determines that the acoustic output device 300 is in the worn state.

[0108] The acoustic output device 300 detects wear status using ultrasonic transducers located on either side of the auricle. This reduces wear requirements and allows for a wider range of wear positions. Ultrasonic transducers offer more stable signal transmission and better directionality, resulting in higher sensitivity for wear detection.

[0109] While the basic concepts have been described above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the detailed disclosure is merely illustrative and does not limit this specification. Although not explicitly stated herein, various modifications, improvements, and revisions to this specification may be made by those skilled in the art. Such modifications, improvements, and revisions are suggested in this specification and remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this specification.

[0110] This specification also uses specific terms to describe the embodiments of this specification. For example, "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of this specification. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" two or more times in different locations in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, certain features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments of this specification may be appropriately combined.

[0111] In addition, unless expressly stated in the claims, the order of the processing elements and sequences, the use of alphanumeric characters, or the use of other names described in this specification are not intended to limit the order of the processes and methods of this specification. Although the above disclosure discusses some of the invention embodiments currently considered useful through various examples, it should be understood that such details are for illustrative purposes only, and the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, the claims are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations that are consistent with the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this specification. For example, although the system components described above can be implemented by hardware devices, they can also be implemented only by software solutions, such as installing the described system on an existing server or mobile device.

[0112] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the presentation of this specification and thus facilitate understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, the foregoing descriptions of the embodiments of this specification sometimes combine multiple features into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not imply that the subject matter of this specification requires more features than those recited in the claims. In fact, an embodiment may have fewer features than all of the features of a single disclosed embodiment.

[0113] In some embodiments, numbers are used to describe the quantity of components and attributes. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Unless otherwise stated, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicate that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the description and claims are approximate values, which may change according to the required characteristics of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general method of retaining digits. Although the numerical domains and parameters used to confirm the breadth of their range in some embodiments of this specification are approximate values, in specific embodiments, the settings of such numerical values ​​are as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

[0114] Each patent, patent application, patent application publication, and other materials, such as articles, books, specifications, publications, and documents, cited in this specification is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. This includes application history documents that are inconsistent with or conflict with the content of this specification, as well as documents (currently or subsequently attached to this specification) that limit the broadest scope of the claims of this specification. It should be noted that if the descriptions, definitions, and / or terminology used in the accompanying materials are inconsistent or conflicting with the content of this specification, the descriptions, definitions, and / or terminology used in this specification will control.

[0115] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are intended only to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of this specification. Other variations may also fall within the scope of this specification. Therefore, by way of example and not limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of this specification may be considered consistent with the teachings of this specification. Accordingly, the embodiments of this specification are not limited to the embodiments explicitly described and illustrated in this specification.

Claims

1. An acoustic output device, comprising: A sound-generating part configured to accommodate a sound-generating unit that generates sound; A support member configured to position the sound-emitting portion near the ear but not blocking the ear hole; as well as A sensor, comprising at least one ultrasonic transducer located inside the sound-emitting part, the sensor being configured to transmit a first ultrasonic signal to the outside of the sound-emitting part through the at least one ultrasonic transducer, the sensor being further configured to detect a second ultrasonic signal through the at least one ultrasonic transducer and determine a wearing state of the acoustic output device based on the detection, the second ultrasonic signal comprising the first ultrasonic signal or a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal, and when the wearing state of the acoustic output device changes, resulting in a change in the second ultrasonic signal detected by the sensor, the output state of the acoustic output device changes.

2. The acoustic output device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sound-emitting portion includes an inner wall facing the ear, and the at least one ultrasonic transducer is arranged on the inner wall.

3. The acoustic output device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The at least one ultrasonic transducer comprises a vibrating sheet configured to generate the first ultrasonic signal, wherein the frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is not less than 40 kHz, The inner wall is provided with an opening, and the first ultrasonic signal propagates toward the outside of the sound-emitting part through the opening.

4. The acoustic output device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is not less than 150 kHz.

5. The acoustic output device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The directivity angle of the first ultrasonic signal ranges from 5° to 90°.

6. The acoustic output device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The area range of the opening on the inner wall is 0.5mm 2 -1cm 2 .

7. The acoustic output device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The sound emitted by the sound emitting unit is guided to the outside of the sound emitting portion through the opening on the inner side wall.

8. The acoustic output device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inner side wall is provided with a sound outlet hole, and the sound emitted by the sound emitting unit is guided out to the outside of the sound emitting part through the sound outlet hole.

9. The acoustic output device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the at least one ultrasonic transducer is single, and the single ultrasonic transducer transmits the first ultrasonic signal to the outside of the sound-emitting part during a transmitting time period and detects the second ultrasonic signal during a receiving time period, and the second ultrasonic signal is a reflection signal of the first ultrasonic signal.

10. The acoustic output device according to claim 1, characterized in that: There are multiple ultrasonic transducers of the at least one ultrasonic transducer, a part of the multiple ultrasonic transducers transmit the first ultrasonic signal to the outside of the sound-emitting part, and the other parts of the multiple ultrasonic transducers detect the second ultrasonic signal, the second ultrasonic signal is a reflected signal of the first ultrasonic signal, and the multiple ultrasonic transducers are all located inside the sound-emitting part.

11. An acoustic output device, comprising: A sound-generating part configured to accommodate a sound-generating unit that generates sound; An ear hook, one end of which is connected to the sound-emitting part and is placed near the ear but not blocking the ear hole, and the other end of which is connected to the target chamber, and when the acoustic output device is worn, the sound-emitting part and the target chamber are located on both sides of the auricle respectively; The sensor comprises a first ultrasonic transducer and a second ultrasonic transducer respectively located in the sound-emitting part and the target chamber, the sensor being configured to transmit an ultrasonic signal to the other through one of the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer and to detect the ultrasonic signal through the other of the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer, the sensor being further configured to determine a wearing state of the acoustic output device based on the detection, and when the wearing state of the acoustic output device changes, resulting in a change in the ultrasonic signal detected by the sensor, the output state of the acoustic output device changes.

12. The acoustic output device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The frequency of the first ultrasonic signal is not less than 20 kHz.

13. The acoustic output device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The directivity angle of the ultrasonic signal ranges from 5° to 90°.

14. The acoustic output device according to claim 11, characterized in that: The sound-emitting portion includes an inner wall facing the ear, and the first ultrasonic transducer is arranged on the inner wall.

15. The acoustic output device according to claim 14, characterized in that: The sensor is configured to transmit the ultrasonic signal to the second ultrasonic transducer through the first ultrasonic transducer and detect the ultrasonic signal through the second ultrasonic transducer.

16. The acoustic output device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The first ultrasonic transducer includes a vibrating sheet configured to generate the ultrasonic signal. The inner side wall is provided with an opening, and the ultrasonic signal propagates toward the outside of the sound-emitting part through the opening.

17. The acoustic output device according to claim 15, characterized in that: The area range of the opening on the inner wall is 0.5mm 2 -1cm 2 .

18. The acoustic output device according to claim 15, characterized in that The sound emitted by the sound emitting unit is guided to the outside of the sound emitting portion through the opening on the inner side wall.

19. The acoustic output device according to claim 15, characterized in that The inner side wall is provided with a sound outlet hole, and the sound emitted by the sound emitting unit is guided out to the outside of the sound emitting part through the sound outlet hole.

20. The acoustic output device according to claim 11, characterized in that The sensor is configured to transmit the ultrasonic signal to the first ultrasonic transducer through the second ultrasonic transducer and detect the ultrasonic signal through the first ultrasonic transducer.

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