Antenna and communication device

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of communications, and provides an antenna and a communication device, for use in solving the problem of mutual coupling between radiators in an antenna. The antenna provided by the present application comprises a first radiation assembly and a second radiator; the operating frequency band of the first radiation assembly is greater than the operating frequency band of the second radiator; the first radiation assembly may comprise a first radiator and a first director; the resonant frequency of the first radiator is greater than or equal to 0.4F0 and less than or equal to 0.6F0; the first director is located in the radiation direction of the first radiator and coupled to the first radiator; the resonant frequency of the first director is greater than or equal to 0.4FL and less than or equal to 0.6FL; F0 is the center frequency of the first radiation assembly, and FL is the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation assembly. In the antenna provided by the present application, the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation assembly can be achieved by means of the first director, effectively reducing the adverse effects on the working performance of the second radiator caused by coupling between the first radiator and the second radiator.

Description

Antenna and communication device

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on August 11, 2023, with application number 202311015408.1 and application name “An Antenna and Communication Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna and a communication device. Background Art

[0004] With the rapid development of wireless communication technology, the industry's demand for antenna system capacity is increasing. To improve the data transmission rate and channel capacity of antenna systems, a larger number of radiators are being deployed within the antenna. In practical applications, multiple radiators within an antenna are arranged in a dense layout. Moreover, some radiators operate in different frequency bands, which can easily cause interference between radiators in different frequency bands. For example, a high-frequency antenna can couple with a low-frequency antenna, reducing the antenna's signal transmission performance and coverage capabilities. Therefore, reducing interference between radiators has become a pressing technical issue.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides an antenna and a communication device with good working performance.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna that may include a first radiating component and a second radiator. The operating frequency band of the first radiating component is greater than the operating frequency band of the second radiator. The first radiating component may include a first radiator and a first guide plate. The resonant frequency of the first radiator is greater than or equal to 0.4F0 and less than or equal to 0.6F0; the first guide plate is located in the radiation direction of the first radiator and is coupled to the first radiator, and the resonant frequency of the first guide plate is greater than or equal to 0.4F0. L , and less than or equal to 0.6F L ; Wherein, F0 is the center frequency of the first radiating component, F L In the antenna provided in this application, the first director can achieve the lowest operating frequency of the first radiating component, effectively reducing the adverse effects of coupling between the first radiator and the second radiator on the operating performance of the second radiator.

[0008] In one example, the first radiation component may further include a second guide plate. The second guide plate is located in the radiation direction of the first radiator and is coupled to the first radiator. The resonant frequency of the second guide plate is greater than or equal to 0.4F. H , and less than or equal to 0.6F H , F H The second guide plate can be provided to achieve the highest operating frequency of the first radiation component, which is beneficial to improving the bandwidth of the first radiation component.

[0009] In a specific setting, the first radiator has a radiating surface, the aperture of the radiating surface can be greater than or equal to 0.25λ0*0.25λ0 and less than or equal to 0.35λ0*0.35λ0, and the height dimension of the radiator along the radiation direction can be less than or equal to 0.2λ L ; λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the center operating frequency of the first radiation component when propagating in space, λ L The wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the lowest operating frequency of the first radiating component when propagating in space. The above-mentioned structural setting enables the resonant frequency of the first radiator to be close to the center frequency of the first radiating component, thereby ensuring the radiation performance of the first radiating component.

[0010] In a specific configuration, the radiating surface may include a vertical arm extending perpendicular to the radiating surface, with a length of 0.05λ0, where λ0 is the wavelength of electromagnetic waves at the center operating frequency of the first radiating component when propagating in space. The provision of the vertical arm further reduces the aperture of the radiating surface and the size of the first radiator in a direction parallel to the radiating surface, thereby facilitating the deployment of a greater number of first radiators within the antenna.

[0011] In one example, the first radiator may have a first polarized radiation arm and a second polarized radiation arm that are orthogonally arranged. The first guide plate may have a slot, the slot is arranged corresponding to the first polarized radiation arm or the second polarized radiation arm, and the length of the slot is greater than or equal to 0.15λ H , and less than or equal to 0.25λ H ,λ H The wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the first radiating component at its highest operating frequency when propagating in space. The slot can effectively improve the isolation of the first radiating component in different polarization directions, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiating component.

[0012] In one example, the second director may include a rectangular substrate and multiple rectangular plates. The rectangular substrate has a first surface, and the multiple rectangular plates are distributed on the first surface. The ratio of the width to length of the rectangular substrate is greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1. In summary, the asymmetric structure of the rectangular substrate effectively improves the isolation of the first radiating element in different polarization directions, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiating element.

[0013] In a specific configuration, the size of each rectangular piece may be 0.06λ0*0.045λ0. λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the central operating frequency of the first radiation component when propagating in space.

[0014] In addition, multiple rectangular pieces can be asymmetrically distributed on the first board surface, which can effectively improve the isolation of the first radiating component in different polarization directions, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiating component.

[0015] In one example, the second guide plate further includes multiple decoupling strips, all of which are located on the first panel and arranged along the edge of the first panel. The ratio of the shortest decoupling strip to the longest decoupling strip is greater than or equal to 0.7 and less than 1. By providing decoupling strips of different lengths, the isolation of the first radiating element in different polarization directions can be effectively improved, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiating element.

[0016] In a specific configuration, the multiple decoupling strips may include a decoupling strip with a length of 0.2λ0 and a decoupling strip with a length of 0.25λ0.

[0017] In one example, the antenna may further include a reflector and a balun structure. The reflector has a reflective surface and a back surface facing away from the reflective surface. The first radiation component and the second radiator are both located on the reflective surface. The back surface of the reflector has a feeding cavity; the balun structure includes a first feeding plate and a second feeding plate. The first feeding plate has a first section and a second section, and in the direction parallel to the reflective surface, the angle between the first section and the second section is 45°; the second feeding plate has a third section and a fourth section, and in the direction parallel to the reflective surface, the angle between the third section and the fourth section is 45°. The first section is orthogonal to the third section, and the second section is mirror-symmetrical to the fourth section. The first section and the second section are connected to the first radiation component for feeding, and the end of the third section and the end of the fourth section extend into the feeding cavity.

[0018] In one example, the antenna may further include a feed network located within the feed cavity. The feed network includes a first feed probe and a second feed probe. The end of the third segment includes a first arcuate arm, the outer arcuate surface of which abuts the first feed probe. The end of the fourth segment includes a second arcuate arm, the outer arcuate surface of which abuts the second feed probe.

[0019] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a communication device, comprising a radio frequency processing unit and the above-mentioned antenna, wherein the antenna has a feed network, a radio frequency processing unit and a feed network. The feed network is used to send a feed signal to the radiating component, or the wireless signal received by the radiating component can be transmitted to the feed network through a coupling structure and a balun structure. The radio frequency processing unit can be used to perform frequency selection, amplification and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna. In the communication device provided by the present application, by applying the above-mentioned antenna, the production cost and the material usage cost can be effectively reduced, and better signal transmission performance can be achieved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a base station provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG3 is a structural block diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the side structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0024] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a first radiator of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of a first director of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a three-dimensional structure of a balun structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG10 is a schematic side view of a partial structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a planar structure of a second director of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a cross-sectional structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG14 is a data graph showing a radiation gain of a second radiator of a certain polarization varying with frequency according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG15 is a data graph showing how the radiation gain of another polarization of a second radiator varies with frequency according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG16 is a directional diagram of a second radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG17 is another directional diagram of a second radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG18 is another directional diagram of a second radiator provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG19 is a structural block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0040] The antenna provided in the embodiments of the present application can be used in communication equipment such as base stations and radars to realize wireless communication functions.

[0041] As shown in Figure 1, the application scenario may include a base station and a terminal. Wireless communication can be achieved between the base station and the terminal. The base station can be located in a base bastion subsystem (BBS), a terrestrial radio access network (UMTS terrestrial radio access network, UTRAN) or an evolved universal terrestrial radio access (E-UTRAN), and is used to provide cell coverage of wireless signals to enable communication between terminal devices and wireless networks. Specifically, the base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communications (GSM) or a (code division multiple access, CDMA) system, a node B (NB) in a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, an evolutionary node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, the base station may also be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a g-node (gNodeB or gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, or a base station in a future evolved network, etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0042] As shown in Figure 2, a base station provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a base station antenna feed system. In practical applications, the base station antenna feed system primarily comprises an antenna 01, a feeder line 02, and a grounding device 03. Antenna 01 is typically mounted on a mast 04, and its downtilt angle can be adjusted using an antenna adjustment bracket 05 to adjust the signal coverage range of antenna 01 to a certain extent.

[0043] In addition, the base station may further include a radio frequency processing unit 06 and a baseband processing unit 20. For example, the radio frequency processing unit 06 may be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna 01, and convert it into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal and send it to the baseband processing unit 20, or the radio frequency processing unit 06 may be used to convert the intermediate frequency signal sent by the baseband processing unit 20 into a wireless signal through the antenna 01 after up-conversion and amplification processing. The baseband processing unit 20 may be connected to the feed network of the antenna 01 through the radio frequency processing unit 06. In some embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 06 may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 20 may also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0044] As shown in FIG2 , in one possible embodiment, the RF processing unit 06 may be integrated with the antenna 01, while the baseband processing unit 20 is located at the remote end of the antenna 01. The RF processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 may be connected via a feeder 02. In another embodiment, the RF processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 may be located at the remote end of the antenna 01 at the same time.

[0045] Referring to Figures 2 and 3 , the antenna 01 used in the base station may also include a radome 011, a reflector 012 located within the radome 011, and a feed network 013. Reflector 012 may also be referred to as a base plate. The primary function of feed network 013 is to feed signals to radiating element 014 at a predetermined amplitude and phase, or to transmit wireless signals received by radiating element 014 at a predetermined amplitude and phase to the baseband processing unit 20 of the base station. It is understood that, in a specific implementation, feed network 013 may include at least one of a phase shifter, a combiner, a transmission or calibration network, or a filter. This application does not limit the components, types, or functions that feed network 013 can perform.

[0046] Of course, the above-mentioned antenna 01 can also be applied to various other types of communication devices, and this application does not limit the application scenarios of the antenna 01.

[0047] The radome 011 has excellent electrical properties, such as good electromagnetic wave penetration, which does not affect the normal transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves between the radiating component 014 and the outside world. In terms of mechanical properties, the radome 011 has excellent stress resistance and oxidation resistance, allowing it to withstand the erosion of harsh external environments.

[0048] Radiating assembly 014 may include one or more radiators, also known as oscillators. These radiators or oscillators are the basic structural units of radiating assembly 014 and effectively transmit or receive electromagnetic waves. When radiating assembly 014 includes multiple radiators, they can be arranged into an array for use. In specific applications, radiating assemblies can be categorized into single-polarization and dual-polarization types. The type of radiating assembly can be appropriately selected based on actual needs during configuration.

[0049] With the continuous development of mobile communication technology, the fifth generation mobile communication technology (5G) has also been widely used. As one of the key technologies of the 5G communication system, massive multiple-in multipleout (MIMO) technology can effectively improve the channel capacity. In the context of massive multiple-in multipleout technology, a large number of radiators need to be arranged in the antenna. Moreover, under the premise of miniaturization design, the distance between the oscillators is generally small, which makes it easy for different radiators to couple with each other. For example, when the antenna includes a first radiator and a second radiator operating in different frequency bands, and the operating frequency band of the first radiator is greater than the operating frequency band of the second radiator. When the second radiator is working, it will induce an induction signal of the operating frequency band of the second radiator on the first radiator. The secondary radiation of the induction signal on the first radiator will interfere with the electromagnetic wave generated by the second radiator, thereby causing signal distortion, poor directional pattern integrity and other adverse conditions. Therefore, reducing the coupling between radiators is crucial to the design of large-scale array antennas.

[0050] To this end, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna with better working performance.

[0051] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0052] As shown in FIG4 , in an example provided in the present application, the antenna 10 may include a first radiating element 11 and a second radiator 12. The operating frequency band of the first radiating element 11 is greater than the operating frequency band of the second radiator 12. The first radiating element 11 includes a first radiator 111 and a first guide plate 112. The resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 is greater than or equal to 0.4F0 and less than or equal to 0.6F0. The first guide plate 112 is located in the radiation direction of the first radiator 111 and is coupled to the first radiator 111. The resonant frequency of the first guide plate 112 is greater than or equal to 0.4F0. L , and less than or equal to 0.6F LThe first radiator 111 is coupled to the first guide plate 112, so that the first radiator 111 can excite the first guide plate 112 to radiate electromagnetic waves. Wherein, F0 is the center frequency of the first radiating component 11, F L is the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation element 11.

[0053] It should be noted that the center frequency F0 of the first radiation component 11 refers to the center point between the lowest frequency and the highest frequency in the working frequency band of the first radiation component 11. L to F H , the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation component 11 is F L , the maximum operating frequency is F H , the center frequency F0 is (F L +F H For example, the operating frequency band of the first radiation component 11 may be 1.7 GHz to 2.7 GHz, and the center frequency of the first radiation component 11 is 2.2 GHz.

[0054] In the antenna 10 provided in the present application, the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation component 11 can be achieved through the first guide plate 112, which can effectively reduce the adverse effects on the working performance of the second radiator 12 caused by the coupling between the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 12.

[0055] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present application, the following first describes the specific situation between the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 12 when the first radiating component 11 only includes the first radiator 111 .

[0056] In the case where the first guide plate 112 is not provided, the first radiator 111 alone realizes the radiation function of the first radiating component 11. The operating frequency band of the first radiator 111 is the operating frequency band of the first radiating component 11. Therefore, in order to make the operating frequency band of the first radiating component 11 F L to F H , then the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 should be at the lowest frequency point F L For example, the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 may be greater than or equal to 0.4F. L , and less than or equal to 0.6F L. Among them, the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 is related to its DC path, and the DC path is related to parameters such as the radiation aperture and height size of the first radiator 111. When the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 is smaller, the DC path of the first radiator 111 is longer, and the radiation aperture, height size and other parameters of the first radiator 111 are larger. When the second radiator 12 is working, it is easy to induce an induction signal close to the working frequency band of the second radiator 12 on the first radiator 111. The secondary radiation of the induction signal on the first radiator 111 will interfere with the electromagnetic waves generated by the second radiator 12, thereby causing signal distortion, poor directional pattern integrity and other adverse conditions.

[0057] However, when the DC path of the first radiator 111 is shorter and the parameters such as the radiation aperture and height of the first radiator 111 are larger, the frequency of the induced signal induced on the first radiator 111 during operation of the second radiator 12 will also be higher. Since the operating frequency band of the second radiator 12 is lower than the operating frequency band of the first radiator 111, the frequency of the induced signal is also higher than the operating frequency band of the second radiator 12, thereby reducing the impact of the induced signal on the second radiator 12.

[0058] Therefore, in the example provided in this application, the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 is changed from the lowest frequency point F L That is, the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 can be increased from greater than or equal to 0.4F to near the center frequency F0. L , and less than or equal to 0.6F L The range is increased to be greater than or equal to 0.4F0 and less than or equal to 0.6F0. L When the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 is increased, the frequency of the induced signal generated by the second radiator 12 during operation increases, thereby ensuring the operating performance of the second radiator 12. Furthermore, when the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 increases, its size decreases, allowing a greater number of first radiators 111 to be deployed in the antenna 10.

[0059] In addition, when the first radiating element 11 is not provided with the first guide plate 112, when the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 increases, the lowest operating frequency in the operating frequency band of the first radiating element 11 will also increase. Therefore, in the example provided in this application, in order to ensure the lowest operating frequency of the first radiating element 11, a first guide plate 112 with a lower resonant frequency is configured. The first guide plate 112 is coupled with the first radiator 111 so that the electromagnetic waves generated by the first radiator 111 can generate an induced current in the first guide plate 112. This induced current is re-radiated in the first guide plate 112, thereby outputting electromagnetic waves in a lower frequency band, which can effectively ensure the bandwidth performance of the entire first radiating element 11.

[0060] In specific applications, the first radiator 111 and the second radiator 12 can be of currently commonly used dual-polarization, single-polarization and other types, which will not be described in detail here.

[0061] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solution of the present application, the following specific description will be given by taking the first radiator 111 as a dual-polarization radiator as an example.

[0062] As shown in Figure 5, in an example provided in the present application, the first radiator 111 includes two oppositely disposed first polarized radiation arms 1111a and 1111b, and two oppositely disposed second polarized radiation arms 1112a and 1112b. The first polarized radiation arms 1111a and 1111b are arranged orthogonally to the second polarized radiation arms 1112a and 1112b.

[0063] The first radiator 111 has a surface facing the radiation direction as a radiating surface. In a specific configuration, in order to make the resonant frequency of the first radiator 111 be within the range of greater than or equal to 0.4F0 and less than or equal to 0.6F0, the diameter L1*L2 of the radiating surface can be greater than or equal to 0.25λ0*0.25λ0 and less than or equal to 0.35λ0*0.35λ0, and the height dimension H of the radiator along the radiation direction can be less than or equal to 0.2λ L λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the center operating frequency of the first radiation component 11 when propagating in space, λ L It is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the highest operating frequency of the first radiation component 11 when it propagates in space.

[0064] Of course, in other examples, parameters such as the radiation surface aperture and height dimensions of the first radiator 111 can be reasonably set according to actual conditions, which will not be elaborated here.

[0065] In addition, as shown in Figure 5, in the example provided herein, the radiating surface has a vertical arm 1113a and a vertical arm 1113b extending perpendicularly thereto, each of which has a length of approximately 0.05λ0. λ0 is the wavelength of electromagnetic waves at the center operating frequency of the first radiating element 11 when propagating in space. Vertical arm 1113a is disposed on the second polarized radiating arm 1112a, and vertical arm 1113b is disposed on the second polarized radiating arm 1112b. The provision of vertical arms 1113a and 1113b further reduces the aperture of the radiating surface, thereby reducing the size of the first radiator 111 in a direction parallel to the radiating surface.

[0066] In other examples, the number, position layout, etc. of the vertical arms can be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs and will not be elaborated here.

[0067] When the first guide plate 112 is provided, the structure type of the first guide plate 112 can be various.

[0068] For example, as shown in FIG6 , in an example provided in this application, the first guide plate 112 is a metal sheet. In order to make the resonant frequency of the first guide plate 112 greater than or equal to 0.4F L , and less than or equal to 0.6F L The diameter of the radiation surface L3*L4 can be about 0.5λ L *0.45λ L ,λ L It is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation component 11 when it propagates in space.

[0069] Among them, the edge of the first guide plate 112 has protrusions 1121a and protrusions 1121b set in opposite directions. By setting the protrusions 1121a and protrusions 1121b, the isolation of the first radiation component 11 in different polarization directions can be effectively improved, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiation component 11.

[0070] In addition, as shown in FIG6 , in the example provided in this application, the first guide plate 112 further has a slot 1122 a and a slot 1122 b , and the slot 1122 a and the slot 1122 b are used to achieve decoupling of different polarization directions of the first guide plate 112 .

[0071] Please refer to Figures 5 and 6. The slot 1122a is set corresponding to the first polarized radiation arm 1111a, and the slot 1122b is set corresponding to the first polarized radiation arm 1111b. In the specific setting, the length of the slot 1122a and the slot 1122b can be greater than or equal to 0.15λ. H , and less than or equal to 0.25λ H ,λ HThe wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the highest operating frequency of the first radiating element 11 when propagating in space. By providing the slots 1122a and 1122b, the isolation of the first radiating element 11 in different polarization directions can be effectively improved, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiating element 11.

[0072] In other examples, the slot 1122a may also be provided corresponding to the second polarized radiation arm 1112a, and the slot 1122b may be provided corresponding to the second polarized radiation arm 1112b.

[0073] In specific settings, the size and shape of the first guide piece 112 can be reasonably set according to actual needs. In addition, parameters such as the number, shape and size of the gaps can also be reasonably set and adjusted according to actual needs, which will not be described in detail here.

[0074] In addition, in a specific configuration, in order to achieve effective coupling between the first guide plate 112 and the first radiator 111, the distance between the first radiator 111 and the first guide plate 112 can be less than or equal to 0.1λ0, where λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the center operating frequency of the first radiating component 11 when propagating in space.

[0075] The distance between the first guide plate 112 and the first radiator 111 refers to the distance between the first guide plate 112 and the radiation surface of the first radiator 111. In specific applications, the specific distance between the first guide plate 112 and the first radiator 111 can be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs and will not be elaborated here.

[0076] In addition, as shown in Figures 7 and 8, in one example provided herein, the antenna 10 further includes a reflector 13 and a balun structure 14. The reflector 13 has a reflective surface 131 and a back surface facing away from the reflective surface 131. The first radiating element 11 and the second radiator 12 are both located on the reflective surface 131. The back surface of the reflector 13 has a feeding cavity 132. The feeding cavity 132 provides effective installation space for a feeding network (not shown).

[0077] As shown in Figures 8 and 9, in the example provided herein, the balun structure 14 includes a first feed plate 141 and a second feed plate 142. The first feed plate 141 has a first section 141a and a second section 141b, with the angle between the first section 141a and the second section 141b being 45° in a direction parallel to the reflective surface 131. The second feed plate 142 has a third section 142a and a fourth section 142b, with the angle between the third section 142a and the fourth section 142b being 45° in a direction parallel to the reflective surface 131. The first section 141a and the third section 142a are arranged orthogonally to facilitate feeding the orthogonally arranged radiating arms of the first radiator 111. The second section 141b and the fourth section 142b are arranged in mirror-image symmetry, with the ends of the third section 142a and the fourth section 142b extending into the feeding cavity 132 to facilitate vertical insertion and connection to the feeding network.

[0078] As shown in FIG10 , the feeding network 15 is located within the feeding cavity 132 and includes a first feeding probe 151 and a second feeding probe 152. The end of the third segment 142 a includes a first curved arm 1411 b, the outer curved surface of which abuts the first feeding probe 151. The end of the fourth segment 142 b includes a second curved arm 1421 b, the outer curved surface of which abuts the second feeding probe 152.

[0079] In addition, as shown in FIG8 , to facilitate the connection between the balun structure 14 and the feeding network 15, the reflecting surface 131 of the reflecting plate 13 has a through hole 133 and a through hole 134 extending into the feeding cavity 132. The first arcuate arm 1411b of the first feeding plate 141 can pass through the through hole 133 and extend into the feeding cavity 132, thereby abutting against the first feeding probe 151. The second arcuate arm 1421b of the second feeding plate 142 can pass through the through hole 134 and extend into the feeding cavity 132, thereby abutting against the second feeding probe 152.

[0080] In addition, as shown in FIG11 , in an example provided in the present application, the first radiation component 11 may further include a second guide plate 113. The second guide plate 113 is located in the radiation direction of the first radiator 111 and is coupled to the first radiator 111. The resonant frequency of the second guide plate 113 may be near the highest frequency point of the first radiation component 11. For example, the resonant frequency of the second guide plate 113 may be greater than or equal to 0.4F. H , and less than or equal to 0.6F H . F H is the highest operating frequency of the first radiation component 11.

[0081] The provision of the second guide plate 113 enables the highest operating frequency of the first radiating element 11, thereby improving the bandwidth of the first radiating element 11. The second guide plate 113 is coupled to the first radiator 111, so that the electromagnetic waves generated by the first radiator 111 can generate an induced current in the second guide plate 113. This induced current is re-radiated in the second guide plate 113, thereby outputting electromagnetic waves in a higher frequency band, effectively ensuring the bandwidth performance of the entire first radiating element 11.

[0082] In specific configuration, the second guide plate 113 may have various structural types.

[0083] For example, as shown in Figure 12, in an example provided in the present application, the second guide plate 113 includes a rectangular substrate 1131 and a plurality of rectangular plates 1132 (16 of which are shown in Figure 12), the rectangular substrate 1131 has a first plate surface (such as the upper plate surface in Figure 12), and the plurality of rectangular plates 1132 are distributed on the first plate surface.

[0084] In a specific configuration, substrate 1131 can be a substrate for manufacturing a printed circuit board or a substrate for manufacturing a flexible circuit board. In practical applications, the specific type of rectangular substrate 1131 can be appropriately selected based on actual needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this. Furthermore, rectangular sheet 1132 can be made of a material with good conductivity, such as copper or silver. Rectangular sheet 1132 can specifically be a metal plate disposed on substrate 1131, or a metal coating formed directly on substrate 1131.

[0085] In a specific configuration, the ratio of the width dimension L5 to the length dimension L6 of the rectangular substrate 1131 can be greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1. That is, the rectangular substrate 1131 has an asymmetric structure, which can effectively improve the isolation of the first radiating element 11 in different polarization directions, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiating element 11.

[0086] As shown in Figure 12, in one example provided herein, the dimensions L7*L8 of each rectangular patch 1132 can be approximately 0.06λ0*0.045λ0. λ0 represents the wavelength of electromagnetic waves at the center operating frequency of the first radiating element 11 when propagating in space. Furthermore, the asymmetrical distribution of the multiple rectangular patches 1132 on the first surface of the substrate 1131 effectively improves the isolation of the first radiating element 11 in different polarization directions, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiating element 11.

[0087] It is understood that in actual applications, the specific dimensions of the rectangular substrate 1131 can be reasonably set according to actual needs. In addition, the number, size, and position layout of the rectangular pieces 1132 included in the second guide piece 113 can also be reasonably selected and adjusted according to actual needs, which will not be detailed here.

[0088] In addition, as shown in Figure 12, in one example provided herein, the second guide plate 113 further includes four decoupling strips. These four decoupling strips are decoupling strip 1133a, decoupling strip 1133b, decoupling strip 1133c, and decoupling strip 1133d. All four decoupling strips are located on the first panel and arranged along its edge. Decoupling strips 1133a and 1133c are of substantially the same length, while decoupling strips 1133b and 1133d are of substantially the same length. Furthermore, decoupling strip 1133a is shorter than decoupling strip 1133b. In a specific configuration, the ratio of decoupling strips 1133a to 1133b can be greater than or equal to 0.7 and less than 1. In summary, by providing decoupling strips of different lengths in different polarization directions, the isolation of the first radiating element 11 in different polarization directions can be effectively improved, thereby ensuring the performance of the first radiating element 11.

[0089] In a specific configuration, the length of the decoupling strips 1133a and 1133c may be approximately 0.2λ0, and the length of the decoupling strips 1133b and 1133d may be approximately 0.25λ0, to achieve a better decoupling effect.

[0090] It is understandable that in actual applications, parameters such as the number, position, and size of the decoupling strips can be reasonably selected and adjusted according to actual needs, and will not be elaborated here.

[0091] In a specific configuration, in order to achieve effective coupling between the second guide plate 113 and the first radiator 111, the distance between the first radiator 111 and the second guide plate 113 may be greater than 0.1λ0, where λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the center operating frequency of the first radiating component 11 when propagating in space.

[0092] The distance between the second guide plate 113 and the first radiator 111 refers to the distance between the second guide plate 113 and the radiation surface of the first radiator 111. In specific applications, the specific distance between the second guide plate 113 and the first radiator 111 can be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs and will not be elaborated here.

[0093] As shown in FIG13 , when antenna 10 is specifically configured, antenna 10 may include multiple first radiating elements 11 and second radiators 12. Each first radiating element 11 may include a first radiator 111, a first director 112, and a third director 113. Furthermore, antenna 10 may further include a radome 16, a reflector 13 located within radome 16, and a feed network 15. The first radiators 111 and the second radiators 12 may each be connected to the feed network 15 via a corresponding balun structure.

[0094] In practical applications, the number and position layout of the first radiator components 11 and the second radiator 12 included in the antenna 10 can be reasonably set according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0095] In addition, as shown in Figures 14 and 15 , the present embodiment also provides data graphs showing how the radiation gain of the second radiator 12 varies with frequency under different conditions. In the case of a dual-polarized second radiator 12, Figure 14 shows how the radiation gain varies with frequency in one polarization direction of the second radiator 12. Figure 15 shows how the radiation gain varies with frequency in the other polarization direction of the second radiator 12.

[0096] In Figures 14 and 15 , the horizontal axis represents frequency in MHz, and the vertical axis represents radiation gain in dBi. In addition, S1 and S4 respectively represent data curves showing how the radiation gain of the second radiator 12 varies with frequency in different polarization directions. S2 and S5 respectively represent data curves showing how the radiation gain of the second radiator 12 varies with frequency in different polarization directions after a conventional first radiator is installed. S3 and S6 respectively represent data curves showing how the radiation gain of the second radiator 12 varies with frequency in different polarization directions after the first radiating element 11 provided in an embodiment of the present application is installed.

[0097] By comparison, it can be found that after a conventional first radiator is arranged near the second radiator 12, the radiation gain of the second radiator 12 is significantly reduced. After the first radiating element 11 provided in the embodiment of the present application is arranged, the influence of the first radiating element 11 (or the first radiator 111) on the second radiator 12 can be significantly reduced, so that the second radiator 12 has a better radiation gain.

[0098] In addition, as shown in FIG. 16 to FIG. 18 , the embodiments of the present application also provide directional diagrams of the second radiator 12 under different circumstances.

[0099] FIG16 shows the directional pattern of the second radiator 12. It can be seen that the directional pattern is relatively convergent and smooth.

[0100] 17 shows the directional pattern of the second radiator 12 after a conventional first radiator is arranged near the second radiator 12. It can be seen that the shape of the directional pattern is obviously distorted.

[0101] FIG18 shows the radiation pattern of the second radiator 12 after the first radiation assembly 11 provided in an embodiment of the present application is installed near the second radiator 12. As can be seen, the radiation pattern is relatively convergent and smooth, and is similar to the radiation pattern in FIG16.

[0102] In application, the more convergent and smooth the shape of the radiation pattern of the second radiator 12 is, the better the working performance of the second radiator 12 is. Therefore, by applying the first radiation component 11 provided in the embodiment of the present application, the working performance of the second radiator 12 can be effectively guaranteed.

[0103] In practical applications, the antenna 10 can be used in various types of communication devices.

[0104] For example, as shown in Figure 19, an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 30, comprising any of the above-mentioned antennas 10. The communication device may further comprise a radio frequency processing unit 31 and a baseband processing unit 32. The baseband processing unit 32 may be connected to the feed network 15 of the antenna 10 through the radio frequency processing unit 31. The radio frequency processing unit 31 may be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna 10, and convert it into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal and send it to the baseband processing unit 32, or the radio frequency processing unit 31 may be used to convert the intermediate frequency signal emitted by the baseband processing unit 32 into a wireless signal through the antenna 10 after up-conversion and amplification processing and send it out. In actual applications, the specific type of the communication device 30 is not limited in this application. In addition, the type and quantity of the components included in the communication device 30 may be reasonably selected and adjusted according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0105] In the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0106] In this application, "plurality" refers to two or more. "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone. A and B can be singular or plural.

[0107] It is understood that the various numbers used in the embodiments of this application are merely for ease of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not necessarily imply a specific order of execution; the order of execution of the processes should be determined by their functions and inherent logic.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first radiation component and a second radiator, wherein the working frequency band of the first radiation component is greater than the working frequency band of the second radiator, and the first radiation component comprises: A first radiator, wherein the resonant frequency of the first radiator is greater than or equal to 0.4F0 and less than or equal to 0.6F0; A first guide plate is located in the radiation direction of the first radiator and is coupled with the first radiator. The resonance frequency of the first guide plate is greater than or equal to 0.4F. L , and less than or equal to 0.6F L ; Wherein, F0 is the center frequency of the first radiation component, and F L is the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation component.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, characterized in that The first radiation component also includes a second guide plate; The second guide plate is located in the radiation direction of the first radiator and is coupled to the first radiator. The resonant frequency of the second guide plate is greater than or equal to 0.4F. H , and less than or equal to 0.6F H ; The F H is the highest operating frequency of the first radiation component.

3. The antenna according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The first radiator has a radiating surface, the diameter of the radiating surface is greater than or equal to 0.25λ0*0.25λ0 and less than or equal to 0.35λ0*0.35λ0, and the height of the radiator along the radiating direction is less than or equal to 0.2λ L ; The λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the central operating frequency of the first radiation component when it propagates in space, and the λ L It is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the lowest operating frequency of the first radiation component when it propagates in space.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, characterized in that The radiation surface has a vertical arm extending perpendicular to the radiation surface, and the length of the vertical arm is 0.05λ0; The λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the center operating frequency of the first radiation component when propagating in space.

5. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The first radiator has a first polarized radiation arm and a second polarized radiation arm arranged orthogonally; The first guide plate has a gap, and the gap is arranged corresponding to the first polarized radiation arm or the second polarized radiation arm; The length of the gap is greater than or equal to 0.15λ H , and less than or equal to 0.25λ H , the λ H It is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the highest operating frequency of the first radiation component when it propagates in space.

6. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that: The second guide plate includes a rectangular substrate and a plurality of rectangular plates, wherein the rectangular substrate has a first plate surface, and the plurality of rectangular plates are distributed on the first plate surface; Wherein, the ratio of the width dimension to the length dimension of the rectangular substrate is greater than or equal to 0.6 and less than 1.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The size of each rectangular piece is 0.06λ0*0.045λ0; The λ0 is the wavelength of the electromagnetic wave of the center operating frequency of the first radiation component when propagating in space.

8. The antenna according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The plurality of rectangular sheets are distributed asymmetrically on the first plate surface.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The second guide plate also has a plurality of decoupling strips, and the plurality of decoupling strips are all located on the first plate surface and are arranged along the edge of the first plate surface; Among the multiple decoupling strips, a ratio of the shortest decoupling strip to the longest decoupling strip is greater than or equal to 0.7 and less than 1.

10. The antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that: The plurality of decoupling strips include a decoupling strip having a length of 0.2λ0 and a decoupling strip having a length of 0.25λ0.

11. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The antenna also includes a reflector and a balun structure; The reflector has a reflective surface and a back surface away from the reflective surface, the first radiation component and the second radiator are both located on the reflective surface, and the back surface of the reflector has a feeding cavity; The balun structure includes a first feeding plate and a second feeding plate; The first feeding plate has a first section and a second section, and in a direction parallel to the reflecting surface, an angle between the first section and the second section is 45°; The second feeding plate has a third section and a fourth section, and in a direction parallel to the reflecting surface, an angle between the third section and the fourth section is 45°; The first section is arranged orthogonally to the third section, and the second section is arranged mirror-symmetrically to the fourth section; The first section and the second section are connected to the first radiation component for feeding, and an end of the third section and an end of the fourth section extend into the feeding cavity.

12. The antenna according to claim 11, characterized in that The antenna further comprises a feeding network, wherein the feeding network is located in the feeding cavity; The feeding network has a first feeding probe and a second feeding probe; The end of the third section has a first arc-shaped arm, the outer arc surface of which abuts against the first feeding probe, and the end of the fourth end has a second arc-shaped arm, the outer arc surface of which abuts against the second feeding probe.

13. A communication device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a radio frequency processing unit and the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the radio frequency processing unit is connected to a feeding network in the antenna.

14. A system, characterized in that: The invention comprises at least two communication devices, wherein the communication devices comprise the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 12.

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