Product storage device

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of transport engineering. A product storage device comprises an outer casing (1) and, disposed therein, an inner casing (2) for filling with a product. Arranged on the bottom of the outer casing (1) and / or the inner casing (2) are first permanent magnets (3). Arranged on the bottom of the outer casing (1) and / or the inner casing (2) opposite said first permanent magnets (3) and within the range of the magnetic field of the first permanent magnets (3) are first superconductors (4). Said first superconductors (4) are designed to be capable both of transitioning into a superconducting state when a critical temperature is reached and of expelling the magnetic field from their interior, thus producing a permanent current, the magnetic field of which compensates the external magnetic field of the first permanent magnets (3), the inner casing (2) levitating in relation to the outer casing (1) with the creation of a Meissner effect. The invention makes it possible to simplify use of the device, increase the operating reliability of the device, reduce energy expenditure on the operation of the device and simplify the design by obviating the need to use external sources of energy and electromagnets.

Description

[0001] Food storage device

[0002] The invention relates to the field of transport engineering, in particular to devices for storing and transporting various types of products, including cryogenic products.

[0003] A container for storing and transporting liquid cryogenic products is known from the prior art and is adopted as the closest solution. The known container comprises an outer hermetic evacuated shell, on the inner surfaces of the bottom of which and on its side walls systems of permanent magnets are installed, and a hermetic vessel filled with a liquid cryogenic product, placed in its cavity, on the outer surfaces of the bottom of which and on its side walls systems of superconducting electromagnets are installed opposite to the systems of permanent magnets of the outer shell. At least two inlet-outlet fittings for the gas and liquid phases of the cryogenic product are installed on the upper end surface of the hermetic evacuated shell, and a hatch for the inlet-outlet of the gas and liquid phases of the cryogenic product is installed on the upper end surface of the outer hermetic evacuated shell (see Patent RU 137868, published on 27.02.2014).

[0004] The disadvantage of the known solution is the presence of superconducting electromagnets connected to an external power source to create an electric current in the windings of the superconducting electromagnet, as well as a block for regulating the intensity of electromagnetic fields. This contributes to the complexity of the design, increased weight of the device, increased material consumption, increased cost and complexity of the container operation. And in the event of failure of the external power source connected to the superconducting electromagnets, the operation of the device becomes impossible.

[0005] The technical problem solved by the invention is the elimination of the indicated disadvantages.

[0006] The technical result of the invention is to simplify the operation of the device, increase the reliability of the device, reduce energy costs for the operation of the device and simplify the design by eliminating the need to use external energy sources and electromagnets, reduce emissions of the product into the environment by reducing the intensity of its evaporation, and as a consequence, a positive environmental effect.

[0007] The technical result of the invention is achieved due to the fact that the device for storing products contains an outer shell and an inner shell located inside it, intended for filling it with a product, first permanent magnets are located at the bottom of the outer and / or inner shell, first superconductors are located at the bottom of the outer and / or inner shell opposite the first permanent magnets and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the first permanent magnets, the first superconductors are made with the possibility of transition to a superconducting state upon reaching a critical temperature and with the possibility of displacing a magnetic field from their volume with the formation of a direct current, the magnetic field of which compensates for the external magnetic field of the first permanent magnets, in which levitation of the inner shell relative to the outer shell occurs with the formation of the Meissner effect.

[0008] In addition, on the inner side of the outer shell, a lifting device for the inner shell may be installed, designed with the possibility of adjusting the initial functional position of the inner shell. In addition, on the outer side of the wall of the inner shell, opposite its bottom, at least two nozzles for the inlet and outlet of the gas and liquid phases of the product may be installed, and on the outer side of the wall of the outer shell, opposite its bottom, a hatch for the inlet and outlet of the gas and liquid phases of the product may be installed.

[0009] In addition, a pressure relief valve can be installed on the outer side of the inner shell wall, opposite its bottom.

[0010] The device may be provided with a vacuum pressure control unit, designed with the ability to control the vacuum pressure in the cavity between the outer and inner shells.

[0011] On the side walls of the outer and / or inner shells, as well as on the walls of the outer and / or inner shells opposite the bottom of the outer and / or inner shells, respectively, elements limiting the movement of the inner shell relative to the outer shell may be located.

[0012] The elements for limiting the movement of the inner shell relative to the outer shell can be made in the form of second permanent magnets located on the side walls of the outer and / or inner shells, and second superconductors located on the side walls of the inner and / or outer shells opposite the second permanent magnets and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the second permanent magnets, wherein the second superconductors are made with the possibility of transitioning to a superconducting state upon reaching a critical temperature and with the possibility of displacing the magnetic field from their volume with the formation of a direct current, the magnetic field of which compensates for the external magnetic field of the second permanent magnets with the formation of the Meissner effect.In addition, the elements for limiting the movement of the inner shell relative to the outer shell can be made in the form of third permanent magnets located on the walls of the outer and / or inner shells, opposite, respectively, to the bottom of the outer and / or inner shells, and third superconductors located on the walls of the outer and / or inner shells, opposite, respectively, to the bottom of the outer and / or inner shells opposite the third permanent magnets and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the third permanent magnets, wherein the third superconductors are made with the possibility of transitioning to a superconducting state upon reaching a critical temperature and with the possibility of displacing the magnetic field from their volume with the formation of a direct current, the magnetic field of which compensates for the external magnetic field of the third permanent magnets with the formation of the Meissner effect.

[0013] In addition, the elements for limiting the movement of the inner shell relative to the outer shell can be made in the form of elastic elements fixed to the inner side of the side walls of the outer shell and / or to the outer side of the side walls of the inner shell.

[0014] In addition, the elements for limiting the movement of the inner shell relative to the outer shell can be made in the form of elastic elements fixed to the outer side of the wall of the inner shell and / or to the inner side of the wall of the outer shell, opposite, respectively, the bottom of the inner and / or outer shells.

[0015] The invention is explained by drawings, Fig. 1 of which schematically shows the proposed device; Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 show the same with the use of elements limiting the relative movement of the device shells.

[0016] The proposed device is designed for storing various types of products, including cryogenic products (cryoproducts) both in liquid form (liquefied natural gas, helium, hydrogen, nitrogen, etc.) and in solid form in order to maintain their temperature regime for any period of time. In addition to storage, the device can also be used for transporting products.

[0017] The proposed device contains an external (outer) shell 1, which can be made of any materials (metal, hard plastic, durable glass, etc.). In the cavity of the external shell 1 (inside it) there is an internal shell 2, which can also be made of any materials (metal, hard plastic, durable glass, etc.) and which is intended for filling it with a product, the temperature regime of which must be maintained.

[0018] At the bottom of the outer shell 1 and at the bottom of the inner shell 2, permanent magnets 3 and superconductors 4 are located. Moreover, superconductors 4 are located opposite to permanent magnets 3 (opposite them) and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of permanent magnets 3.

[0019] In this case, the following options for the arrangement and location of magnets 3 and superconductors 4 are possible.

[0020] 1) The permanent magnets 3 (the first magnets) are located only on the bottom of the outer shell 1 (on its lower part). In this case, variants are possible when the permanent magnets 3 are located on the inner side of the bottom of the outer shell 1, or the permanent magnets 3 are located on the outer side of the bottom of the outer shell 1, or the permanent magnets 3 are located both on the inner and on the outer side of the bottom of the outer shell 1. With any such indicated arrangement and configuration, the permanent magnets 3 can form a system of magnets 3, which can be located either over the entire surface of the bottom of the shell 1 (practically close to each other, both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner sides of the bottom of the shell 1), or can cover a part of the surface of the bottom of the shell 1, located from each other at some distance (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner sides of the bottom of the shell 1).A variant is possible when magnet 3 is made as a single piece, and it also covers either the entire surface of the bottom of shell 1, or a part of the surface of the bottom of shell 1 (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner sides of the bottom of shell 1). In a preferred variant, magnets 3 are rigidly connected to the bottom of shell 1 in any possible known way.

[0021] In this variant of the arrangement and location of magnets 3, superconductors 4 (the first superconductors) are located only on the bottom of the inner shell 2. In this case, variants are possible when superconductors 4 are located on the inner side of the bottom of the inner shell 2, or superconductors 4 are located on the outer side of the bottom of the inner shell 2, or superconductors 4 are located both on the inner and on the outer side of the bottom of the inner shell 2.With any such indicated arrangement and configuration, superconductors 4 can form a system of superconductors 4, which can be located either over the entire surface of the bottom of the shell 2 (practically close to each other, both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the bottom of the shell 2), or can cover a part of the surface of the bottom of the shell 2, located from each other at a certain distance (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the bottom of the shell 2). A variant is possible when the superconductor 4 is made whole, and it also covers either the entire surface of the bottom of the shell 2, or a part of the surface of the bottom of the shell 2 (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the bottom of the shell 2). In any case, superconductors 4 are located opposite to the permanent magnets 3 (opposite them) and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the permanent magnets 3.In a preferred embodiment, superconductors 4 are rigidly connected to the bottom of shell 2 in any possible known manner.

[0022] 2) The permanent magnets 3 (the first magnets) are located only on the bottom of the inner shell 2 (on its lower part). In this case, variants are possible when the permanent magnets 3 are located on the inner side of the bottom of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 3 are located on the outer side of the bottom of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 3 are located both on the inner and on the outer side of the bottom of the inner shell 2. With any such indicated arrangement and configuration, the permanent magnets 3 can form a system of magnets 3, which can be located either over the entire surface of the bottom of the shell 2 (practically close to each other, both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner sides of the bottom of the shell 2), or can cover a part of the surface of the bottom of the shell 2, located from each other at some distance (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner sides of the bottom of the shell 2).A variant is possible when magnet 3 is made as a single piece, and it also covers either the entire surface of the bottom of shell 2, or a part of the surface of the bottom of shell 2 (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner sides of the bottom of shell 2). In a preferred variant, magnets 3 are rigidly connected to the bottom of shell 2 in any possible known way.

[0023] In this variant of the arrangement and location of magnets 3, superconductors 4 (the first superconductors) are located only on the bottom of the outer shell 1. In this case, variants are possible when superconductors 4 are located on the inner side of the bottom of the outer shell 1, or superconductors 4 are located on the outer side of the bottom of the outer shell 1, or superconductors 4 are located both on the inner and on the outer side of the bottom of the outer shell 1.With any such specified arrangement and layout, superconductors 4 can form a system of superconductors 4, which can be located either over the entire surface of the bottom of the shell 1 (practically close to each other, both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner sides of the bottom of the shell 1), or can cover a part of the surface of the bottom of the shell 1, located from each other at some distance (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner sides of the bottom of the shell 1). A variant is possible when the superconductor 4 is made whole, and it also covers either the entire surface of the bottom of the shell 1, or a part of the surface of the bottom of the shell 1 (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner sides of the bottom of the shell 1). In any case, superconductors 4 are located opposite to the permanent magnets 3 (opposite them) and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the permanent magnets 3.In a preferred embodiment, superconductors 4 are rigidly connected to the bottom of shell 1 in any possible known manner.

[0024] 3) The permanent magnets 3 (the first magnets) are located both on the bottom of the outer shell 1 and on the bottom of the inner shell 2. In this case, variants are possible when the permanent magnets 3 are located only on the inner side of the bottom of the outer shell 1 and on the inner side of the bottom of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 3 are located only on the outer side of the bottom of the outer shell 1 and on the outer side of the bottom of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 3 are located only on the inner side of the bottom of the outer shell 1 and on the outer side of the bottom of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 3 are located only on the outer side of the bottom of the outer shell 1 and on the inner side of the bottom of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 3 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer sides of the bottom of the outer shell 1 and only on the inner side of the bottom of the inner shell 2,either the permanent magnets 3 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the bottom of the outer shell 1 and only on the outer side of the bottom of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 3 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the bottom of the inner shell 2 and only on the inner side of the bottom of the outer shell 1, or the permanent magnets 3 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the bottom of the inner shell 2 and only on the outer side of the bottom of the outer shell 1, or the permanent magnets 3 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the bottom of the outer shell 1 and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the bottom of the inner shell 2.,

[0025] In this variant of the arrangement and location of the magnets 3, the superconductors 4 (the first superconductors) can also be located both on the bottom of the outer shell 1 and on the bottom of the inner shell 2. In this case, variants are possible when the superconductors 4 are located only on the inner side of the bottom of the outer shell 1 and on the inner side of the bottom of the inner shell 2, or the superconductors 4 are located only on the outer side of the bottom of the outer shell 1 and on the outer side of the bottom of the inner shell 2, or the superconductors 4 are located only on the inner side of the bottom of the outer shell 1 and on the outer side of the bottom of the inner shell 2, or the superconductors 4 are located only on the outer side of the bottom of the outer shell 1 and on the inner side of the bottom of the inner shell 2, or the superconductors 4 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer sides of the bottom of the outer shell 1 and only on the inner side of the bottom of the inner shell 2,either superconductors 4 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer sides of the bottom of the outer shell 1 and only on the outer side of the bottom of the inner shell 2, or superconductors 4 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer sides of the bottom of the inner shell 2 and only on the inner side of the bottom of the outer shell 1, or superconductors 4 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer sides of the bottom of the inner shell 2 and only on the outer side of the bottom of the outer shell 1, or superconductors 4 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer sides of the bottom of the outer shell 1 and simultaneously on the outer and inner sides of the bottom of the inner shell 2.,

[0026] With any such indicated arrangement and configuration, the permanent magnets 3 and the superconductors 4 can form a system of magnets 3 and a system of superconductors 4, which are arranged in such a way as to ensure the operable position of the shell 2 inside the shell 1. In any case, the superconductors 4 are located respectively on the bottom of the outer shell 1 and on the bottom of the inner shell 2 opposite the permanent magnets 3 (opposite them) and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the permanent magnets 3. In the preferred embodiment, the magnets 3 and the superconductors 4 are rigidly connected respectively to the bottom of the shell 1 and to the bottom of the shell 2 in any possible known manner.

[0027] Various superconducting materials (metals, their alloys, some semiconductors, ceramic materials, iron-based, organic, and other substances) can be used as superconductors 4 in the proposed device, the electrical resistance of which becomes equal to zero upon reaching a critical temperature (below a certain value) and a critical magnetic field strength (below a certain value). Superconductors 4 are made with the possibility of transitioning to a superconducting state upon interaction with a product filled in the inner shell 2 (the products, upon filling the shell 2, reduce the temperature of superconductors 4 to a critical value).When the superconductors 4 reach a critical temperature when interacting with the product that fills the shell 2, the superconductors 4 are designed with the ability to displace the magnetic field from their volume with the formation of a direct current that flows near the outer surface of the superconductors 4. In this case, the magnetic field arising from the formed direct current and located in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the permanent magnets 3 compensates for the external magnetic field of the permanent magnets 3 with the formation of the Meissner effect. As a result, a levitation effect occurs and the inner shell 2 hovers in the cavity of the outer shell 1.

[0028] The use of the said superconductors 4 in the proposed device, due to their superconductivity when interacting with the product filled in the inner shell 2, makes it possible to eliminate the need to use electromagnets and external power sources (energy) to create a direct current in the electromagnets, which forms a magnetic field compensating the magnetic field of the permanent magnets 3. The superconductors 4, which form a direct current when interacting with the product in the shell 2, which, in turn, forms a compensating magnetic field, do not need external power sources (energy). Due to this, the need to use external power sources is eliminated, energy costs for the functioning of the proposed device are significantly reduced, the design of the device is significantly simplified and its weight is reduced.The absence of external power sources that may fail also makes it possible to increase the reliability of the proposed device and its durability, since the operability of superconductors 4 is maintained in the absence of external power sources; it is sufficient to simply fill the shell 2 with the product, for which it (shell 2) is intended.

[0029] In a variant embodiment of the invention, such materials whose electrical resistance becomes equal to zero at room temperature can be used as superconductors 4 in the proposed device, i.e. such materials reach their critical temperature and their critical magnetic field strength at room temperature. In this case, such superconductors 4 are made with the possibility of transitioning to a superconducting state upon reaching room temperature.

[0030] In order to increase the reliability of the proposed device operation during the process of moving products (along with their storage), the proposed device may have elements limiting the movement of the inner shell 2 relative to the outer shell 1, which are located on the side walls of the outer and inner shells 1 and 2, respectively. Also, such elements limiting the movement of the inner shell 2 relative to the outer shell 1 may be located on the upper walls of the outer and inner shells 1 and 2, i.e. on the walls opposite the bottom of the outer and inner shells 1 and 2, respectively.

[0031] The specified elements for limiting the movement of the inner shell 1 relative to the outer shell 2 can be designed and arranged in various ways.

[0032] In one embodiment, such movement limiting elements can be made in the form of permanent magnets 5 (second permanent magnets 5) located on the side walls of the outer shell 1 and / or the inner shell 2, and superconductors 6 (second superconductors 6) located on the side walls of the outer shell 1 and / or the inner shell 2 opposite the permanent magnets 5.

[0033] Similar to the arrangement and layout of magnets 3 on the bottom of the outer shell 1 and on the bottom of the inner shell 2, as well as the opposite arrangement and layout of superconductors 4, permanent magnets 5 and superconductors 6 can be arranged accordingly.

[0034] That is, the following variants of the arrangement and layout of magnets 5 and superconductors 6 are possible. It should be understood that the below-described arrangement and layout of permanent magnets 5 and superconductors 6 are possible on one of the side walls of shells 1 and 2, on part of the side walls of shells 1 and 2 (on adjacent or opposite ones), as well as on all side walls of shells 1 and 2, including using various variants of combinations of layout.

[0035] 1) Permanent magnets 5 (second magnets) are located only on the side wall of the outer shell 1. In this case, options are possible when permanent magnets 5 are located on the inner side of the side wall of the outer shell 1, or permanent magnets 5 are located on the outer side of the side wall of the outer shell 1, or permanent magnets 5 are located both on the inner and on the outer side of the side wall of the outer shell 1.With any such specified arrangement and configuration, the permanent magnets 5 can form a system of magnets 5, which can be located either over the entire surface of the side wall of the shell 1 (practically close to each other, both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the corresponding side wall of the shell 1), or can cover a part of the surface of the side wall of the shell 1, located from each other at a certain distance (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the side wall of the shell 1). An option is possible when the magnet 5 is made integral, and it also covers either the entire surface of the side wall of the shell 1, or a part of the surface of the side wall of the shell 1 (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the corresponding side wall of the shell 1).In a preferred embodiment, magnets 5 are rigidly connected to the side wall of casing 1 in any possible known manner.

[0036] In this variant of the arrangement and location of magnets 5, superconductors 6 (second superconductors) are located only on the side wall of the inner shell 2. In this case, variants are possible when superconductors 6 are located on the inner side of the side wall of the inner shell 2, or superconductors 6 are located on the outer side of the side wall of the inner shell 2, or superconductors 6 are located both on the inner and on the outer side of the side wall of the inner shell 2.With any such specified arrangement and layout, the superconductors 6 can form a system of superconductors 6, which can be located either over the entire surface of the side wall of the shell 2 (practically close to each other, both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the corresponding side wall of the shell 2), or can cover a part of the surface of the side wall of the shell 2, located from each other at a certain distance (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the corresponding side wall of the shell 2). A variant is possible when the superconductor 6 is made integral, and it also covers either the entire surface of the side wall of the shell 2, or a part of the surface of the side wall of the shell 2 (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the corresponding side wall of the shell 2).In any case, superconductors 6 are located opposite permanent magnets 5 (opposite them) and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of permanent magnets 5. In the preferred embodiment, superconductors 6 are rigidly connected to the corresponding side wall of shell 2 in any possible known way.

[0037] 2) Permanent magnets 5 (second magnets) are located only on the side wall of the inner shell 2. In this case, options are possible when permanent magnets 5 are located on the inner side of the side wall of the inner shell 2, or permanent magnets 5 are located on the outer side of the side wall of the inner shell 2, or permanent magnets 5 are located both on the inner and on the outer side of the side wall of the inner shell 2.With any such indicated arrangement and configuration, the permanent magnets 5 can form a system of magnets 5, which can be located either over the entire surface of the corresponding side wall of the shell 2 (practically close to each other, both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the corresponding side wall of the shell 2), or can cover part of the surface of the side wall of the shell 2, located at some distance from each other (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the corresponding side wall of the shell 2).A variant is possible when the magnet 5 is made as a single piece, and it also covers either the entire surface of the corresponding side wall of the shell 2, or a part of the surface of the corresponding side wall of the shell 2 (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner sides of the corresponding side wall of the shell 2). In a preferred variant, the magnets 5 are rigidly connected to the side wall of the shell 2 in any possible known manner.

[0038] In this variant of the arrangement and location of magnets 5, superconductors 6 (second superconductors) are located only on the side wall of the outer shell 1. In this case, variants are possible when superconductors 6 are located on the inner side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1, or superconductors 6 are located on the outer side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1, or superconductors 6 are located both on the inner and on the outer side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1.With any such indicated arrangement and layout, the superconductors 6 can form a system of superconductors 6, which can be located either over the entire surface of the corresponding side wall of the shell 1 (practically close to each other, both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the corresponding side wall of the shell 1), or can cover part of the surface of the corresponding side wall of the shell 1, located from each other at some distance (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the corresponding side wall of the shell 1).A variant is possible when the superconductor 6 is made as a whole, and it also covers either the entire surface of the corresponding side wall of the shell 1, or a part of the surface of the corresponding side wall of the shell 1 (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the corresponding side wall of the shell 1). In any case, the superconductors 6 are located opposite the permanent magnets 5 (opposite them) and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the permanent magnets 5. In the preferred variant, the superconductors 6 are rigidly connected to the corresponding side wall of the shell 1 in any possible known way.

[0039] 3) The permanent magnets 5 (the second magnets) are located both on the side wall of the outer shell 1 and on the side wall of the inner shell 2. In this case, variants are possible when the permanent magnets 5 are located only on the inner side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and on the inner side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 5 are located only on the outer side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and on the outer side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 5 are located only on the inner side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and on the outer side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 5 are located only on the outer side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and on the inner side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2,either the permanent magnets 5 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and only on the inner side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 5 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and only on the outer side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 5 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2 and only on the inner side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1, or the permanent magnets 5 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2 and only on the outer side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1,or permanent magnets 5 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2.,

[0040] In this variant of the arrangement and location of magnets 5, superconductors 6 (second superconductors) can also be located both on the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and on the side wall of the inner shell 2. In this case, variants are possible when superconductors 6 are located only on the inner side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and on the inner side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2, or superconductors 6 are located only on the outer side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and on the outer side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2, or superconductors 6 are located only on the inner side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and on the outer side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2,either the superconductors 6 are located only on the outer side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and on the inner side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2, or the superconductors 6 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and only on the inner side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2, or the superconductors 6 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and only on the outer side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2, or the superconductors 6 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2 and only on the inner side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1,either the superconductors 6 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2 and only on the outer side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1, or the superconductors 6 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the corresponding side wall of the outer shell 1 and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the corresponding side wall of the inner shell 2.,

[0041] With any such indicated arrangement and configuration, the permanent magnets 5 and the superconductors 6 can form a system of magnets 5 and a system of superconductors 6, which are arranged in such a way as to ensure the operable position of the shell 2 inside the shell 1 and limit their relative movement. In any case, the superconductors 6 are located respectively on the side wall of the outer shell 1 and on the side wall of the inner shell 2 opposite the permanent magnets 5 (opposite them) and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the permanent magnets 5. In the preferred embodiment, the magnets 5 and the superconductors 6 are rigidly connected respectively to the side wall of the shell 1 and to the side wall of the shell 2 in any possible known manner.

[0042] When using elements for limiting the movement of the inner shell 2 relative to the outer shell 1, located on the upper walls of shells 1 and 2, opposite the bottom of the outer and inner shells 1 and 2, respectively, the said elements for limiting the movement of the inner shell 1 relative to the outer shell 2 can also be made and located in different ways.

[0043] In one embodiment, such movement limiting elements can be made in the form of permanent magnets 13 (third permanent magnets 13) located on the upper walls of the outer shell 1 and / or the inner shell 2, and superconductors 14 (third superconductors 14) located on the side walls of the outer shell 1 and / or the inner shell 2 opposite the permanent magnets 13.

[0044] Similar to the arrangement and layout of magnets 3 on the bottom of the outer shell 1 and on the bottom of the inner shell 2, as well as the opposite arrangement and layout of superconductors 4, permanent magnets 13 and superconductors 14 can be arranged respectively.

[0045] That is, the following options for the arrangement and layout of magnets 13 and superconductors 14 are possible.

[0046] 1) Permanent magnets 13 (third magnets) are located only on the upper wall of the outer shell 1. In this case, variants are possible when permanent magnets 13 are located on the inner side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1, or permanent magnets 13 are located on the outer side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1, or permanent magnets 13 are located both on the inner and on the outer side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1.With any such specified arrangement and configuration, the permanent magnets 13 can form a system of magnets 13, which can be located either over the entire surface of the upper wall of the shell 1 (practically close to each other, both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the upper wall of the shell 1), or can cover a part of the surface of the upper wall of the shell 1, being located at a certain distance from each other (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the upper wall of the shell 1). An option is possible when the magnet 13 is made integral, and it also covers either the entire surface of the upper wall of the shell 1, or a part of the surface of the upper wall of the shell 1 (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the upper wall of the shell 1).In a preferred embodiment, magnets 13 are rigidly connected to the upper wall of casing 1 in any possible known manner.

[0047] In this variant of the arrangement and location of magnets 13, superconductors 14 (third superconductors) are located only on the upper wall of the inner shell 2. In this case, variants are possible when superconductors 14 are located on the inner side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2, or superconductors 14 are located on the outer side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2, or superconductors 14 are located both on the inner and on the outer side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2.With any such specified arrangement and layout, the superconductors 14 can form a system of superconductors 14, which can be located either over the entire surface of the upper wall of the shell 2 (practically close to each other, both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the upper wall of the shell 2), or can cover a part of the surface of the upper wall of the shell 2, located from each other at a certain distance (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the upper wall of the shell 2). A variant is possible when the superconductor 14 is made integral, and it also covers either the entire surface of the upper wall of the shell 2, or a part of the surface of the upper wall of the shell 2 (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the upper wall of the shell 2).In any case, superconductors 14 are located opposite permanent magnets 13 (opposite them) and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of permanent magnets 13. In the preferred embodiment, superconductors 14 are rigidly connected to the upper wall of shell 2 in any possible known manner.

[0048] 2) Permanent magnets 13 (third magnets) are located only on the upper wall of the inner shell 2. In this case, variants are possible when permanent magnets 13 are located on the inner side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2, or permanent magnets 13 are located on the outer side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2, or permanent magnets 13 are located both on the inner and on the outer side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2.With any such specified arrangement and configuration, the permanent magnets 13 can form a system of magnets 13, which can be located either over the entire surface of the upper wall of the casing 2 (practically close to each other, both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the upper wall of the casing 2), or can cover a part of the surface of the upper wall of the casing 2, located from each other at a certain distance (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the upper wall of the casing 2). An option is possible when the magnet 13 is made integral, and it also covers either the entire surface of the upper wall of the casing 2, or a part of the surface of the upper wall of the casing 2 (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the upper wall of the casing 2).In a preferred embodiment, magnets 13 are rigidly connected to the upper wall of casing 2 in any possible known manner.

[0049] In this variant of the arrangement and location of magnets 13, superconductors 14 (third superconductors) are located only on the upper wall of the outer shell 1. In this case, variants are possible when superconductors 14 are located on the inner side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1, or superconductors 14 are located on the outer side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1, or superconductors 14 are located both on the inner and on the outer side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1.With any such specified arrangement and layout, the superconductors 14 can form a system of superconductors 14, which can be located either over the entire surface of the upper wall of the shell 1 (practically close to each other, both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the upper wall of the shell 1), or can cover a part of the surface of the upper wall of the shell 1, being located from each other at a certain distance (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the upper wall of the shell 1). A variant is possible when the superconductor 14 is made integral, and it also covers either the entire surface of the upper wall of the shell 1, or a part of the surface of the upper wall of the shell 1 (both on the outer side and on the inner side, and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the upper wall of the shell 1).In any case, superconductors 14 are located opposite permanent magnets 13 (opposite them) and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of permanent magnets 13. In the preferred embodiment, superconductors 14 are rigidly connected to the upper wall of shell 1 in any possible known manner.

[0050] 3) The permanent magnets 13 (the third magnets) are located both on the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and on the upper wall of the inner shell 2. In this case, variants are possible when the permanent magnets 13 are located only on the inner side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and on the inner side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 13 are located only on the outer side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and on the outer side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 13 are located only on the inner side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and on the outer side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 13 are located only on the outer side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and on the inner side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2,either the permanent magnets 13 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and only on the inner side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 13 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and only on the outer side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2, or the permanent magnets 13 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2 and only on the inner side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1, or the permanent magnets 13 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2 and only on the outer side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1, or the permanent magnets 13 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and simultaneously on the outer and inner side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2.,

[0051] In this variant of the arrangement and location of the magnets 13, the superconductors 14 (the third superconductors) can also be located both on the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and on the upper wall of the inner shell 2. In this case, variants are possible when the superconductors 14 are located only on the inner side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and on the inner side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2, or the superconductors 14 are located only on the outer side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and on the outer side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2, or the superconductors 14 are located only on the outer side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and on the outer side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2, or the superconductors 14 are located only on the outer side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and on the inner side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2,either the superconductors 14 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer sides of the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and only on the inner side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2, or the superconductors 14 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer sides of the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and only on the outer side of the upper wall of the inner shell 2, or the superconductors 14 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer sides of the upper wall of the inner shell 2 and only on the inner side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1, or the superconductors 14 are located simultaneously on the inner and outer sides of the upper wall of the inner shell 1 and simultaneously on the outer and inner sides of the upper wall of the inner shell 2.,

[0052] With any such indicated arrangement and configuration, the permanent magnets 13 and the superconductors 14 can form a system of magnets 13 and a system of superconductors 14, which are arranged in such a way as to ensure the operable position of the shell 2 inside the shell 1 and the limitation of their relative movement. In any case, the superconductors 14 are located respectively on the upper wall of the outer shell 1 and on the upper wall of the inner shell 2 opposite the permanent magnets 13 (opposite them) and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the permanent magnets 13. In the preferred embodiment, the magnets 13 and the superconductors 14 are rigidly connected respectively to the upper wall of the shell 1 and to the upper wall of the shell 2 in any possible known manner.

[0053] Similar to superconductors 4, various superconducting materials (metals, their alloys, some semiconductors, ceramic materials, iron-based, organic, and other substances) can be used as superconductors 6 and 14 in the proposed device, the electrical resistance of which becomes equal to zero upon reaching a critical temperature (below a certain value) and a critical magnetic field strength (below a certain value). Superconductors 6, 14 are made with the possibility of transition to a superconducting state upon interaction with a product filled in the inner shell 2 (the products, upon filling the shell 2, reduce the temperature of superconductors 6, 14 to a critical value).When superconductors 6, 14 reach a critical temperature when interacting with the product that fills the shell 2, superconductors 6, 14 are designed with the possibility of displacing a magnetic field from their volume with the formation of a direct current that flows near the outer surface of superconductors 6, 14. In this case, the magnetic field arising from the formed direct current and located in the zone of action of the magnetic field of permanent magnets 5, 13 compensates for the external magnetic field of the permanent magnets 5, 13, respectively, with the formation of the Meissner effect. As a result, a levitation effect occurs and the inner shell 2 limits the relative movement of the inner shell 2 in the cavity of the outer shell 1.

[0054] Similar to the use of superconductors 4, the use of said superconductors 6 and 14 in the proposed device, due to their superconductivity when interacting with the product filled in the inner shell 2, makes it possible to eliminate the need to use electromagnets and external power sources (energy) to create a direct current in the electromagnets, which forms a magnetic field compensating the magnetic field of the permanent magnets 5 and 13, respectively. Superconductors 6 and 14, which form a direct current when interacting with the product in the shell 2, which, in turn, forms a compensating magnetic field, do not need external power sources (energy). Due to this, the need to use external power sources is eliminated, energy costs for the functioning of the proposed device are significantly reduced, the design of the device is significantly simplified and its weight is reduced.The absence of external power sources that may fail also makes it possible to increase the reliability of the proposed device and its durability, since the operability of superconductors 6 and 14 is maintained in the absence of external power sources; it is sufficient to simply fill shell 2 with the product, for which it (shell 2) is intended.

[0055] In a variant embodiment of the invention, such materials whose electrical resistance becomes equal to zero at room temperature can be used as superconductors 6 and 14 in the proposed device, i.e. such materials reach their critical temperature and their critical magnetic field strength at room temperature. In this case, such superconductors 4 are made with the possibility of transitioning to a superconducting state upon reaching room temperature.

[0056] In another embodiment of the proposed device, the elements limiting the movement of the shell 2 relative to the shell 1 can be made in the form of elastic elements 7, for example, in the form of springs of any known type, or in the form of elastic damper elements made of any elastic material, or in the form of any other elements capable of limiting the relative movement of the shell 2 inside the shell 1. Such elastic elements 7 can be secured either to the inner side of all or part of the side walls of the outer shell 1, or to the outer side of all or part of the side walls of the inner shell 2. A variant is possible when the elastic elements 7 are secured simultaneously both to the inner side of all or part of the side walls of the outer shell 1, and to the outer side of all or part of the side walls of the inner shell 2.

[0057] Similar to the execution and arrangement of elastic elements 7 on the side walls of shells 1 and 2, such elements 7 can be similarly executed, arranged and secured, respectively, on the inner side of the upper wall of shell 1 and on the outer side of the upper wall of shell 2.

[0058] In this case, the number of elastic elements 7 between the corresponding side and / or upper walls of the shells 1 and 2 can be any (from one or more, in this case, between some walls there can be one number of elements 7, and between others - another number, or the same number of elements 7 everywhere). The use of different sizes of superconductors 4, 6, 14 and magnets 3, 5, 13 located opposite to them makes it possible to regulate the distance h and the withstandable weight of the shell 2 filled with the product. The permanent magnets 3, 5, 13 used in the proposed device can be any (neodymium, ferrite, samarium-cobalt, alnico, etc.).

[0059] In the proposed device, on the outer side of the wall of the inner shell 2, opposite its bottom (on the upper wall of the shell 2), nozzles 8 for the inlet and outlet of the gas and liquid phases of the product can be installed. The number of such nozzles 8 can be any from two or more.

[0060] On the outer side of the wall of the outer shell 1, opposite its bottom (on the upper wall of the shell 1), preferably opposite the nozzles 8, a hatch 9 for the inlet / outlet of the gas and liquid phases of the product is installed.

[0061] On the outer side of the wall of the inner shell 2, opposite its bottom (on the upper wall of the shell 2), a valve 10 for relieving excess pressure is installed.

[0062] The proposed device can also be provided with a vacuum pressure control unit 11, located in the cavity between shells 1 and 2, and designed with the possibility of regulating the vacuum pressure in the cavity between the outer and inner shells 1 and 2.

[0063] The proposed device can also be equipped with an emergency valve 12 located on the outer side of the upper wall of the outer shell 1.

[0064] The proposed device can also be equipped with a device 15 for lifting the inner shell 2, located in the cavity between shells 1 and 2. The device 15 allows the shell 2 to be given the required initial functional position. The device 15 can be made, for example, in the form of a jack, or in the form of any other lifting device capable of lifting the shell 2 to the required position.

[0065] The described system of nozzles 8, hatches 9 and valves 11, 12 allows for reliable filling of the device with product, extraction of product from the device, as well as regulation and pressure release, ensuring reliable operation of the device.

[0066] The shape of the proposed device can be either cubic or cylindrical.

[0067] The proposed device for storing food products functions as follows.

[0068] Stage 1. Filling.

[0069] At the first stage, the technical condition of the main elements of the device is checked. After this, with the hatch 9 for the inlet and outlet of the gas and liquid phases of the product open, the external communications are connected (not shown in the drawing). Then, if necessary, the inner shell 2 and communications are pre-cooled by gradually feeding a small amount of the product through the nozzles 8 into the cavity of the inner shell 2. The product is fed until the superconductors 4 (and, if present, the superconductors 6 and 14) reach the temperature values ​​at which the material of the superconductors 4 (and, if present, the superconductors 6 and 14) acquires the property of superconductivity. Excess product vapors arising from the transfer of heat from the walls of the inner shell 2 to the product can be removed through the nozzles 8.After cooling the superconducting material 4 (and if there is superconducting material 6 and 14), the external communications (not shown in the drawing) are disconnected from the fittings 8 and the inner shell 2 is sealed. Then, when interacting with the product and transitioning to the superconducting state, the superconductors 4 (and if there are superconductors 6, 14) displace the magnetic field from their volume under the action of the external magnetic field created by the permanent magnets 3 (and if there are magnets 5 and 13). In this case, a surface current is formed on the superconducting materials 4 (6, 14), the created magnetic field of which compensates for the external magnetic field of the magnets 3 (5, 13) - the so-called Meissner effect occurs.As a result, a repulsive force arises which compensates for the weight of the inner shell 2 with the product contained therein, as a result of which it is torn away from the surface of the permanent magnets 3 (5, 13), located, in particular, in the lower part of the outer shell 1 at a distance h. If necessary, the inner shell 2 is raised by a given distance h using the lifting device 13, after which the lifting device is disconnected from the inner shell 2, whereby the position of the shell 2 in the magnetic field is fixed in a suspended state. The number of opposite systems of permanent magnets 3 (5, 13) and systems of superconducting materials 4 (6, 14), as well as their shape, are selected based on the weight of the inner shell 2 with the filled product. In this case, the values ​​of the critical superconductivity temperature and magnetic field strength for the specific superconducting material used should not be exceeded.When the equilibrium position of the inner shell 2 in space is reached, the external communications are reconnected to the nozzles 8 and the inner shell 2 is filled with the product in the quantity required for storage and / or transportation. After which the external communications are disconnected and the inner shell 2 is sealed. Immediately after disconnecting the external communications and sealing the inner shell 2, the outer shell 1 is sealed by closing the hatch 9 for inlet and outlet of the gas and liquid phases of the product. Next, the external process vacuum line is connected to the vacuum pressure control unit 11, and the steam-air medium is pumped out of the space of the internal cavity between the outer sealed shell 1 and the inner shell 2 until the required vacuum depth is reached. After this, the external process vacuum line is disconnected without breaking the seal of the outer shell 1.

[0070] Stage 2. Storage and / or transportation.

[0071] During storage and / or transportation, the device is installed in the required position so that its stable position relative to the external support elements is maintained, and its vertical orientation is observed. After installing the device in the storage and / or transportation position, depending on the availability of the technological capability, environmental conditions and the duration of storage and / or transportation, the following is performed: connection to the vacuum pressure control unit 11 of the external technological vacuum line, connection of the external vapor recondensation device (not shown in the drawing) of the liquid product to the nozzles 8 (in a continuous or periodic mode), grounding of the external conductive elements of the container (not shown in the drawing).

[0072] When the pressure in the space between the outer and inner shells 1 and 2 increases above the maximum permissible value (due to depressurization of the outer shell 1 or the inner shell 2), if technologically possible, the external process vacuum line is automatically connected to the vacuum pressure control unit 11. Then, the vapor-gas medium is pumped out of the internal cavity of the device between the outer sealed shell 1 and the inner shell 2 until the required vacuum depth is reached. After this, the external process vacuum line (not shown in the drawing) is disconnected without violating the seal of the outer shell 1.

[0073] In the event of an emergency excess of the product vapor pressure in the inner shell 2 above the critical value, the excess pressure relief valve 10 and the emergency valve 12 of the outer shell 1 are automatically opened. As a result, the excess amount of product vapor is removed into the environment or into a special container until the vapor pressure in the inner shell 2 decreases to a value below the critical value. After this, the excess pressure relief valve 10 and the emergency valve 12 of the outer shell 1 are closed.

[0074] If it is possible to connect an external device for recondensing product vapors to the nozzles 8, the process of storage and / or transportation can be carried out continuously or periodically (depending on the value of the product temperature or the value of the product vapor pressure in the inner shell 2) in manual or automatic mode, the vapors can be taken from the inner shell 2, cooled in the external recondensation device to a temperature below the boiling point and returned in the form of a liquid product to the inner shell 2. As a result of this, the temperature of the liquid product and the pressure of the product vapor in the inner shell 2 can be reduced.

[0075] Continuous or periodic connection of external communications with nozzles 8 during storage and / or transportation can be performed without breaking the tightness of the outer shell 1. The connection is performed by introducing conductive tips of external channels for the inlet / outlet of the gas and liquid phases of the product (not shown in the drawing) into the cavity of the outer shell 1 through the hatch 9, and by connecting the tips to the nozzles 8 in such a way that, by means of sealing and valve devices, the inserted tips form temporary hermetic lock chambers with the nozzles 8, directly through which the inlet / outlet of the gas and liquid phases of the product can be performed without contact with the vacuum space of the internal cavity of the device between the outer shell 1 and the inner shell 2.

[0076] Stage 3. Emptying.

[0077] When emptying the device, first connect the nozzles 8 to the external communications, through which, for example, the liquid product will be pumped out. After this, pump out the liquid product through the nozzles 8 for the inlet and outlet of the gas and liquid phases of the product. When the amount of liquid product in the inner shell 2 decreases, as a result of pumping out to the minimum permissible value, disconnect the external communications from the nozzles 8.

[0078] Thus, the implementation of the proposed device in the above-described manner, including the use of the described superconductors 4 (and, if necessary, superconductors 6, 14) interacting with the magnetic field of permanent magnets 3 (5, 13), significantly increases the reliability of the device, reduces the weight of the device (due to the absence of electromagnets and external power sources), significantly reduces the energy costs for the operation of the device, and also simplifies the design due to the elimination of the need to use external energy sources and electromagnets.

[0079] In addition, due to the reduction in the intensity of product evaporation (including due to the absence of cold bridges), emissions of the product into the environment are reduced, and as a result, a positive environmental effect is achieved. And the reduction in losses of an expensive product stored in the casing 2 significantly affects the increase in the economic effect as a result of using the proposed device for storing various types of products, the temperature regime of which must be maintained during storage (including during transportation).

Claims

Invention formula 1. A device for storing products, comprising an outer shell and an inner shell located inside it, intended for filling it with a product, first permanent magnets are located at the bottom of the outer and / or inner shell, first superconductors are located at the bottom of the outer and / or inner shell opposite the first permanent magnets and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the first permanent magnets, characterized in that the first superconductors are designed with the possibility of transitioning to a superconducting state upon reaching a critical temperature and with the possibility of displacing a magnetic field from their volume with the formation of a direct current, the magnetic field of which compensates for the external magnetic field of the first permanent magnets, in which levitation of the inner shell relative to the outer shell occurs with the formation of the Meissner effect.

2. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that a lifting device for the inner shell is installed on the inner side of the outer shell, designed with the possibility of adjusting the initial functional position of the inner shell.

3. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that at least two inlet / outlet fittings for the gas and liquid phases of the product are installed on the outer side of the wall of the inner shell, opposite its bottom, and a hatch for the inlet / outlet of the gas and liquid phases of the product is installed on the outer side of the wall of the outer shell, opposite its bottom.

4. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that an excess pressure relief valve is installed on the outer side of the wall of the inner shell, opposite its bottom.

5. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a vacuum pressure control unit, designed with the possibility of regulating the vacuum pressure in the cavity between the outer and inner shells.

6. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that elements for limiting the movement of the inner shell relative to the outer shell are located on the side walls of the outer and / or inner shells.

7. The device according to claim 1, characterized in that on the walls of the outer and / or inner shells, opposite respectively to the bottom of the outer and / or inner shells, there are elements for limiting the movement of the inner shell relative to the outer shell.

8. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the elements for limiting the movement of the inner shell relative to the outer shell are made in the form of second permanent magnets located on the side walls of the outer and / or inner shells, and second superconductors located on the side walls of the inner and / or outer shells opposite the second permanent magnets and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the second permanent magnets, wherein the second superconductors are made with the possibility of transitioning to a superconducting state upon reaching a critical temperature and with the possibility of displacing a magnetic field from their volume with the formation of a direct current, the magnetic field of which compensates for the external magnetic field of the second permanent magnets with the formation of the Meissner effect.

9. The device according to item 7, characterized in that the elements limiting the movement of the inner shell relative to the outer shell are made in the form of third permanent magnets, located on the walls of the outer and / or inner shells, opposite respectively to the bottom of the outer and / or inner shells, and third superconductors located on the walls of the outer and / or inner shells, opposite respectively to the bottom of the outer and / or inner shells opposite to the third permanent magnets and in the zone of action of the magnetic field of the third permanent magnets, wherein the third superconductors are designed with the possibility of transitioning to a superconducting state upon reaching a critical temperature and with the possibility of displacing a magnetic field from their volume with the formation of a direct current, the magnetic field of which compensates for the external magnetic field of the third permanent magnets with the formation of the Meissner effect.

10. The device according to claim 6, characterized in that the elements for limiting the movement of the inner shell relative to the outer shell are made in the form of elastic elements fixed to the inner side of the side walls of the outer shell and / or to the outer side of the side walls of the inner shell.

11. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that the elements for limiting the movement of the inner shell relative to the outer shell are made in the form of elastic elements fixed on the outer side of the wall of the inner shell and / or on the inner side of the wall of the outer shell, opposite, respectively, the bottom of the inner and / or outer shells.

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