Scoop device for the passive collection of atmospheric carbon dioxide

Abstract

A capture device for the passive collection of CO2 is disclosed. The device includes an enclosure having a plurality of openings, a sorbent material located inside the enclosure, and a plurality of scoops pivotally coupled to the enclosure and movable between sealed and open states. The sealed state includes the scoop covering an opening such that is closed. The open state includes the scoop pivoted away from the opening such that an airflow can pass through. A control system is configured to cycle the device between collection and release configurations. The collection configuration including at least some of the scoops being in the open state, exposing the sorbent material to the airflow. The release configuration comprises the plurality of scoops each being in the sealed state, closing the openings such that the sorbent regeneration system may operate on the sorbent material to release CO2 and form an enriched gas.

Description

SCOOP DEVICE FOR THE PASSIVE COLLECTION OF ATMOSPHERIC CARBON DIOXIDERELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims the benefit of U.S. provisional patent application 63 / 520,318, filed August 17, 2023 titled “Scoop Device for the Passive Capture of Carbon Dioxide,” the entirety of the disclosure of which is hereby incorporated by this reference.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] Aspects of this document relate generally to carbon dioxide capture devices.BACKGROUND

[0003] The need for technologies to remove carbon dioxide from ambient air has been well established. In addition to conservation, reduced-carbon processes, and on-site capture efforts, a significant amount of carbon dioxide will need to be removed from the atmosphere to avoid a looming climate change crisis.

[0004] Air capture technology, specifically designed to extract carbon dioxide from ambient air, is poised to become a critical component in managing the anthropogenic carbon cycle. The ability to capture CO2 from the atmosphere at an affordable cost could significantly enhance global energy infrastructure development and provide a crucial tool in combating climate change. When combined with carbon dioxide storage solutions, air capture technologies have the potential to offset CO2 emissions from diverse sources, thereby eliminating the need for modifications to existing infrastructures and negating the necessity for proximity to emission points. Consequently, air capture technologies allow for the continued operation of current infrastructures throughout their natural life cycles and facilitate the sustained use of carbon-based fuels in distributed and mobile applications, such as the transportation sector. With air capture technology, it is possible to continue the use of liquid hydrocarbon fuels while eliminating their climate impact.

[0005] Despite these potential benefits, current air capture technologies are confronted with several challenges. These technologies are still new and the early air capture processes require large amounts of energy to operate. Since the carbon dioxide in the ambientair is very dilute, atmospheric CO2 collectors can quickly overrun a tight energy budget for drawing in and processing air in bulk.

[0006] Additionally, many of the most effective air capture systems available have complicated designs with many moving parts. While their performance is good, the complex design and multiple moving parts make these systems prone to mechanical failure, necessitating frequent maintenance, thereby increasing both the capital and operational costs.

[0007] Also, the fragile nature of some otherwise desirable sorbent materials presents a significant limitation. Sorbent materials, which are essential for the capture of carbon dioxide, are often susceptible to degradation and damage during operation, particularly when formed with delicate geometries. This fragility can lead to a reduction in the effectiveness of the capture process over time and necessitates regular replacement of the sorbents, further escalating costs. These elevated capital and operational costs will impede widespread adoption of air capture technology, which will be required to make any meaningful impact on the climate.SUMMARY

[0008] According to one aspect, a capture device for the passive collection of carbon dioxide includes an enclosure having a plurality of openings that are vertical and a sorbent regeneration system. The device also includes a sorbent vessel having a sorbent material, the sorbent vessel located inside the enclosure. The device additionally includes a plurality of scoops, each scoop pivotally coupled to the enclosure and movable between a sealed state and an open state. The sealed state of the scoop includes the scoop covering a different opening of the plurality of openings such that the different opening is closed. The open state of the scoop includes the scoop pivoted away from the different opening such that an airflow can pass through. The device also includes at least one actuator coupled to the enclosure and configured to move each scoop of the plurality of scoops between the sealed state and the open state, and a control system communicatively coupled to the at least one actuator and configured to cycle the capture device between a collection configuration and a release configuration. The collection configuration includes at least some of the scoops of the plurality of scoops being in the open state, exposing the sorbent material of the sorbent vessel to the carbon dioxide within the airflow passing through. The release configuration includes the plurality of scoops each being in the sealed state, closing the openings such that the sorbent vessel is sufficiently enclosed inside the enclosure that the sorbent regeneration system may operate on the sorbent material of the sorbent vessel to release carbon dioxide from the sorbent material and form an enriched gas within the enclosure.

[0009] Particular embodiments may comprise one or more of the following features. The enclosure may be cylindrical. The at least one actuator may be a plurality of linear actuators, each linear actuator coupled to a different scoop. May further include a plurality of arms, each arm pivotally coupled to a different scoop of the plurality of scoops and also coupled to at least one of the at least one actuator. The at least one actuator may be a rotary actuator coupled to the plurality of scoops through the plurality of arms. The collection configuration may include all scoops being in the open state. The collection configuration may include all scoops being in the open state. Each scoop may include a scoop sorbent material such that the scoop sorbent material may be exposed to the airflow when the scoop is in the open state and the scoop sorbent material is within the enclosure with the sorbent vessel when the scoop is in the sealed state. The plurality of scoops and at least a portion of the enclosure may be free to rotate about a central axis, with respect to a ground. The portion of the enclosure free to rotate about the central axis may be coupled to a generator such that electricity is generated as the airflow causes the plurality of scoops to rotate about the central axis. Theplurality of scoops and the portion of the enclosure may be free to rotate about the central axis relative to the sorbent vessel. The sorbent vessel may be held stationary with respect to the ground. The device may further include a sensor communicatively coupled to the control system. The control system may be configured to move the plurality of scoops into the sealed state based, at least in part, on a sensor reading received from the sensor. The scoops may be sized such that there is an overlap with the enclosure when in the sealed state. The device may further include a sealing material encircling each opening of the enclosure and positioned such that, when each scoop is in the sealed state, the sealing material is between the enclosure and the scoop

[0010] According to another aspect of the disclosure, a capture device for the passive collection of carbon dioxide includes an enclosure having a plurality of openings and a sorbent regeneration system. The enclosure is cylindrical. The device also includes a sorbent vessel having a sorbent material, the sorbent vessel located inside the enclosure. The device additionally includes a plurality of scoops, each scoop pivotally coupled to the enclosure and movable between a sealed state and an open state. The sealed state of the scoop includes the scoop covering a different opening of the plurality of openings such that the different opening is closed. The open state of the scoop includes the scoop pivoted away from the different opening such that an airflow can pass through. The scoop is shaped to follow a contour of the enclosure and sized to be larger than the different opening. The device also includes at least one actuator coupled to the enclosure and configured to move each scoop of the plurality of scoops between the sealed state and the open state, and a control system communicatively coupled to the at least one actuator and configured to cycle the capture device between a collection configuration and a release configuration. The collection configuration includes at least some of the scoops of the plurality of scoops being in the open state, exposing the sorbent material of the sorbent vessel to the carbon dioxide within the airflow passing through. The release configuration includes the plurality of scoops each being in the sealed state, closing the openings such that the sorbent vessel is sufficiently enclosed inside the enclosure that the sorbent regeneration system may operate on the sorbent material of the sorbent vessel to release carbon dioxide from the sorbent material and form an enriched gas within the enclosure. The plurality of scoops includes at least 5 scoops.

[0011] Particular embodiments may comprise one or more of the following features. The at least one actuator may be a plurality of linear actuators, each linear actuator coupled to a different scoop. May further include a plurality of arms, each arm pivotally coupled to a different scoop of the plurality of scoops and also coupled to at least one of the atleast one actuator. The at least one actuator may be a rotary actuator coupled to the plurality of scoops through the plurality of arms. The collection configuration may include all scoops being in the open state The collection configuration may include all scoops being in the open state. Each scoop may include a scoop sorbent material such that the scoop sorbent material may be exposed to the airflow when the scoop is in the open state and the scoop sorbent material is within the enclosure with the sorbent vessel when the scoop is in the sealed state. The plurality of scoops and at least a portion of the enclosure may be free to rotate about a central axis, with respect to a ground. The portion of the enclosure free to rotate about the central axis may be coupled to a generator such that electricity is generated as the airflow causes the plurality of scoops to rotate about the central axis. The plurality of scoops and the portion of the enclosure are free to rotate about the central axis relative to the sorbent vessel. The sorbent vessel may be held stationary with respect to the ground. The device may further include a sensor communicatively coupled to the control system. The control system may be configured to move the plurality of scoops into the sealed state based, at least in part, on a sensor reading received from the sensor. The device may further include a sealing material encircling each opening of the enclosure and positioned such that, when each scoop is in the sealed state, the sealing material is between the enclosure and the scoop.

[0012] Aspects and applications of the disclosure presented here are described below in the drawings and detailed description. Unless specifically noted, it is intended that the words and phrases in the specification and the claims be given their plain, ordinary, and accustomed meaning to those of ordinary skill in the applicable arts. The inventors are fully aware that they can be their own lexicographers if desired. The inventors expressly elect, as their own lexicographers, to use only the plain and ordinary meaning of terms in the specification and claims unless they clearly state otherwise and then further, expressly set forth the “special” definition of that term and explain how it differs from the plain and ordinary meaning. Absent such clear statements of intent to apply a “special” definition, it is the inventors’ intent and desire that the simple, plain and ordinary meaning to the terms be applied to the interpretation of the specification and claims.

[0013] The inventors are also aware of the normal precepts of English grammar. Thus, if a noun, term, or phrase is intended to be further characterized, specified, or narrowed in some way, then such noun, term, or phrase will expressly include additional adjectives, descriptive terms, or other modifiers in accordance with the normal precepts of English grammar. Absent the use of such adjectives, descriptive terms, or modifiers, it is the intent thatsuch nouns, terms, or phrases be given their plain, and ordinary English meaning to those skilled in the applicable arts as set forth above.

[0014] Further, the inventors are fully informed of the standards and application of the special provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112(f). Thus, the use of the words “function,” “means” or “step” in the Detailed Description or Description of the Drawings or claims is not intended to somehow indicate a desire to invoke the special provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112(f), to define the invention. To the contrary, if the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112(f) are sought to be invoked to define the inventions, the claims will specifically and expressly state the exact phrases “means for” or “step for”, and will also recite the word “function” (i.e , will state “means for performing the function of [insert function]”), without also reciting in such phrases any structure, material or act in support of the function. Thus, even when the claims recite a “means for performing the function of . . . “ or “step for performing the function of . . ,” if the claims also recite any structure, material or acts in support of that means or step, or that perform the recited function, then it is the clear intention of the inventors not to invoke the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112(f). Moreover, even if the provisions of 35 U.S.C. § 112(f) are invoked to define the claimed aspects, it is intended that these aspects not be limited only to the specific structure, material or acts that are described in the preferred embodiments, but in addition, include any and all structures, materials or acts that perform the claimed function as described in alternative embodiments or forms of the disclosure, or that are well known present or later-developed, equivalent structures, material or acts for performing the claimed function.

[0015] The foregoing and other aspects, features, and advantages will be apparent to those artisans of ordinary skill in the art from the DESCRIPTION and DRAWINGS, and from the CLAIMS.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The disclosure will hereinafter be described in conjunction with the appended drawings, where like designations denote like elements, and:

[0017] FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a scoop capture device;

[0018] FIGs. IB and 1C are top and cross-sectional views of the scoop capture device of FIG. 1A in a collection configuration, respectively;

[0019] FIGs. ID and IE are top and cross-sectional views of the scoop capture device of FIG. 1A in a release configuration, respectively;

[0020] FIG. IF is a schematic view of a scoop capture device;

[0021] FIGs. 2A and 2B are top and cross-sectional views of another embodiment of a scoop capture device in a collection configuration, respectively;

[0022] FIGs. 2C and 2D are top and cross-sectional views of the scoop capture device of FIGs. 2A and 2B in a release configuration, respectively; and

[0023] FIGs. 3A and 3B are top and cross-sectional views of an embodiment of a rotating scoop capture device in a collection configuration, respectively.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] This disclosure, its aspects and implementations, are not limited to the specific material types, components, methods, or other examples disclosed herein. Many additional material types, components, methods, and procedures known in the art are contemplated for use with particular implementations from this disclosure. Accordingly, for example, although particular implementations are disclosed, such implementations and implementing components may comprise any components, models, types, materials, versions, quantities, and / or the like as is known in the art for such systems and implementing components, consistent with the intended operation.

[0025] The word "exemplary," "example," or various forms thereof are used herein to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any aspect or design described herein as "exemplary" or as an “example” is not necessarily to be construed as preferred or advantageous over other aspects or designs. Furthermore, examples are provided solely for purposes of clarity and understanding and are not meant to limit or restrict the disclosed subject matter or relevant portions of this disclosure in any manner. It is to be appreciated that a myriad of additional or alternate examples of varying scope could have been presented, but have been omitted for purposes of brevity.

[0026] While this disclosure includes a number of embodiments in many different forms, there is shown in the drawings and will herein be described in detail particular embodiments with the understanding that the present disclosure is to be considered as an exemplification of the principles of the disclosed methods and systems, and is not intended to limit the broad aspect of the disclosed concepts to the embodiments illustrated.

[0027] The need for technologies to remove carbon dioxide from ambient air has been well established. In addition to conservation, reduced-carbon processes, and on-site capture efforts, a significant amount of carbon dioxide will need to be removed from the atmosphere to avoid a looming climate change crisis.

[0028] Air capture technology, specifically designed to extract carbon dioxide from ambient air, is poised to become a critical component in managing the anthropogenic carbon cycle. The ability to capture CO2 from the atmosphere at an affordable cost could significantly enhance global energy infrastructure development and provide a crucial tool in combating climate change. When combined with carbon dioxide storage solutions, air capture technologies have the potential to offset CO2 emissions from diverse sources, thereby eliminating the need for modifications to existing infrastructures and negating the necessity for proximity to emission points. Consequently, air capture technologies allow for the continuedoperation of current infrastructures throughout their natural life cycles and facilitate the sustained use of carbon-based fuels in distributed and mobile applications, such as the transportation sector. With air capture technology, it is possible to continue the use of liquid hydrocarbon fuels while eliminating their climate impact.

[0029] Despite these potential benefits, current air capture technologies are confronted with several challenges. These technologies are still new and the early air capture processes require large amounts of energy to operate. Since the carbon dioxide in the ambient air is very dilute, atmospheric CO2 collectors can quickly overrun a tight energy budget for drawing in and processing air in bulk.

[0030] Additionally, many of the most effective air capture systems available have complicated designs with many moving parts. While their performance is good, the complex design and multiple moving parts make these systems prone to mechanical failure, necessitating frequent maintenance, thereby increasing both the capital and operational costs.

[0031] Also, the fragile nature of some otherwise desirable sorbent materials presents a significant limitation. Sorbent materials, which are essential for the capture of carbon dioxide, are often susceptible to degradation and damage during operation, particularly when formed with delicate geometries. This fragility can lead to a reduction in the effectiveness of the capture process over time and necessitates regular replacement of the sorbents, further escalating costs. These elevated capital and operational costs will impede widespread adoption of air capture technology, which will be required to make any meaningful impact on the climate.

[0032] Contemplated herein is a scoop capture device for the passive capture of carbon dioxide. The contemplated scoop capture device (hereinafter "capture device" or "device") is able to capture CO2 from passive atmospheric airflows, avoiding the capital and operating costs of fans and other air drivers. The contemplated design is simple, with few moving parts, reducing capital and operational costs.

[0033] Some proposed designs for passive capture devices involve moving the sorbent material, which can sometimes be fragile and require additional structure for reinforcement, increasing weight and cost. According to various embodiments of the contemplated capture device, the sorbent material itself remains stationary throughout the capture / harvest cycle.

[0034] It should be noted that while this disclosure is done in the context of capturing atmospheric CO2 from ambient airflows, the use of other sorbent materials may adapt this device for use in capturing other substances and / or in other contexts. Those skilled in theart will recognize that the contemplated scoop capture device may be advantageously utilized in other endeavors making use of sorbent materials and / or passive capture.

[0035] FIGs. 1 A-1E are various views of a non-limiting example of a scoop capture device 100. Specifically, FIG. 1A is a perspective view of a non-limiting example of the contemplated scoop capture device 100. FIGs. IB and 1C are top and cross-sectional views of the capture device 100 of FIG. 1A in a collection configuration 114, respectively. FIGs. ID and IE are top and cross-sectional views of the capture device 100 of FIG. 1A in a release configuration 132, respectively.

[0036] As shown, the capture device 100 comprises an enclosure 104 centered on an inner sorbent vessel 108. This sorbent vessel 108 is filled with sorbent materials 110 to capture CO2 120. A plurality of rigid scoops 102 are positioned externally on the enclosure 104, acting as doors for a plurality of openings 106 in the enclosure 104. When open, the scoops 102 enhance the flow of air into the enclosure 104 and past, over, and / or through the sorbent vessel 108, improving capture performance. When closed, the scoops 102 seal the enclosure 104 in preparation for regeneration, as will be discussed below.

[0037] According to various embodiments, the enclosure 104 is cylindrical, or has a high degree of rotational symmetry, allowing air to enter from all sides (if all scoops 102 are open). Multiple openings 106 around the enclosure 104 circumference make wind direction negligible as air would flow throughout the enclosure 104 regardless of direction. Opening the scoops 102, similar to opening doors, starts the capture process by exposing the sorbent vessel 108 inside the enclosure 104 to airflow 122. Closing the scoops 102 seals off the sorbent vessel 108 from the environment, and the captured CO2 120 can be removed from the sorbent vessel 108 through regeneration. In operation, the capture device 100 would cycle between a collection configuration 114 and a release configuration 132, which will be discussed in greater detail, below.

[0038] According to various embodiments, the enclosure 104 has a plurality of openings 106. In some embodiments, the openings 106 may be vertical (i.e., taller than they are wide), while in other embodiments, the openings 106 may be horizontal (i.e., wider than they are tall). Each opening 106 has an associated scoop 102 pivotally coupled to the enclosure 104 nearby.

[0039] Each scoop 102 is movable between a sealed state 134 and an open state 118. In the context of the present description and the claims that follow, a scoop 102 in the sealed state 134 means the scoop 102 is swung such that the end distal to the pivot is proximate the enclosure 104 such that the scoop 102 is covering the opening 106 it is associated with(e.g., close to, designed to cover, etc.), effectively closing that opening 106. According to various embodiments, the sealed state 134 closes the opening 106 such that, when all scoops 102 are in the sealed state 134, the enclosure 104 is closed sufficient that regeneration may be performed. This will be discussed further in the context of the release configuration 132.

[0040] In the context of the present description and the claims that follow, a scoop 102 in the open state 118 means the scoop 102 is pivoted away from the associated opening 106 such that an airflow 122 can pass through. Put differently, the open state 118 may be anything other than the sealed state 134, according to various embodiments.

[0041] According to various embodiments, scoops 102 are attached at or near the outer perimeter of the enclosure 104. In some embodiments, these attachments may also include mechanical mechanisms for positioning the scoops 102 (i.e. , moving them between the open state 118 and the sealed state 134). The scoop 102 may be pivotally coupled to the enclosure through any method known in the art including, but not limited to, pins, bushings, joints, bolts, rivets, and the like.

[0042] According to various embodiments, the sorbent vessel 108 is a structure that holds or otherwise arranges one or more sorbent materials 110 such that they can be exposed to an airflow 122. One of the advantages the contemplated scoop capture device 100 has over conventional air capture devices is that it is (mostly) agnostic regarding what sorbent material 110 is used. The one exception is the sorbent vessel 108, whose structure depends on the nature of the sorbent material 110 being used. The sorbent vessel 108 is fabricated to hold the sorbent material 110 in a configuration best suited for that type of sorbent and for the form of the sorbent, according to various embodiments. The design of the rest of the capture device 100 is agnostic as to the type of sorbent.

[0043] As is known in the art, sorbent materials 110 may have many different chemical recipes and may come in different forms. Examples of some forms of sorbent materials 110 include sheets, ribbons, granules, pre-formed membranes, and the like. The capture device 100 contemplated herein is adaptable to all of these forms and more.

[0044] In some embodiments, the sorbent material 110 within the sorbent vessel 108 may be aligned for enhanced exposure to airflow both during capture and during harvest. In other embodiments, the sorbent material 110 may be packed into the sorbent vessel 108, or into chambers within the sorbent vessel 108 (e.g., sorbent beads or granules, etc.).

[0045] In some embodiments, the sorbent vessel 108 may take up the entire interior of the enclosure 104, provided the internal structure of the sorbent vessel 108 provides a way for fluid movement in, out, and among the sorbent material 110. In other embodiments, theremay be a space between the sorbent vessel 108 and the sides of the enclosure 104 to facilitate this flow. Additionally, in some embodiments, the scoops 102 may be able to rotate with respect to the sorbent vessel 108; a gap between the scoops 102 and the sorbent vessel 108 may prevent damage, in addition to facilitating fluid movement during regeneration.

[0046] According to various embodiments, the contemplated scoop capture device 100 comprises at least one actuator 112 coupled to the enclosure 104 and one or more scoops 102. In the context of the present description and the claims that follow, an actuator 112 is a device that converts some form of energy (e g., electrical, hydraulic, pneumatic, etc.) into mechanical motion. Collectively, the actuator(s) 112 are configured to move each scoop 102 of the plurality of scoops 102 between the sealed state 134 and the open state 118. In some embodiments, the scoops 102 may move all as one, while in others the scoops 102 may each be moved independently. In some embodiments, the capture device 100 may have a single actuator 112, while in other embodiments the capture device 100 may have multiple actuators 112. For example, the capture device 100 shown in FIGs. 1A-1E comprises eleven actuators 112, each coupled to a different scoop 102.

[0047] Some embodiments, including the non-limiting example shown in FIGs. 1A-1E, the capture device 100 may employ one or more linear actuators 116 (i.e., devices that convert some form of energy into linear motion). Other embodiments, including the nonlimiting example shown in FIGs. 2A-2D, may employ one or more rotary actuators 200 (i.e., devices that convert some form of energy into rotational motion). Those skilled in the art will recognize that the scoops 102 may be moved between the sealed state 134 and the open state 118 using various other devices. For example, in one embodiment, the scoops 102 may be opened and closed through a magnetic mechanism. Some devices may be better suited for a particular use environment than others.

[0048] The contemplated capture device 100 also comprises a sorbent regeneration system 124, according to various embodiments. The sorbent regeneration system 124 is used to regenerate the sorbent material 110, causing it to release captured carbon dioxide 120 through exposure to a regeneration media. The exact nature of the sorbent regeneration system 124 will depend upon the sorbent material 110 being used. Examples of regeneration media include, but are not limited to, heat, water, and vapor.

[0049] In some embodiments, the sorbent regeneration system 124 may be built into the capture device 100. In other embodiments, the capture device 100 may make use of the regeneration media provided by an external sorbent regeneration system 124. For example,in one embodiment, a collection of capture devices 100 may all receive water from a central, shared sorbent regeneration system 124, which also extracts the water for reuse.

[0050] According to various embodiments, the sorbent vessel 108 may have an internal support structure to hold the sorbent material 110 in a formation configured to allow exposure to air flow and regeneration media. The sorbent configuration may be designed to enhance turbulence in the airflow and increase exposure. The sorbent material 110 within the sorbent vessel 108 may be configured into various geometries. The sorbent vessel 108 may be filled entirely with sorbent, or the material may be partially dispersed to optimize airflow. In some embodiments, the geometries would depend on the environmental conditions of the host location. Geometries can focus on enhancing capture, harvest, or a combination of both. The sorbent material 110 could also take the form of ribbons, packed beds, or other sorbent surfaces. Sorbent chemistry and form factor may vary based on location without impact on the capture device 100 design itself. Using the scoops 102, airflow may be directed in ways to create more turbulence for greater exposure and capture, according to various embodiments.

[0051] In use, the scoop capture device 100 will cycle between a collection configuration 114 and a release configuration 132. In the context of the present description and the claims that follow, the contemplated capture device 100 is in a collection configuration 114 when at least some of the scoops 102 are in the open state 118, exposing the sorbent material 110 of the sorbent vessel 108 to carbon dioxide 120 within the atmospheric airflow 122 passing through the enclosure 104.

[0052] The ideal scoop 102 arrangement may depend upon a number of factors, including the environment in which the capture device 100 is being used. The scoop 102 opening and closing may be coordinated such that they all move together, or it may be that for reasons of airflow, some are open and others are sealed or open to a different degree. This action may be dictated by the environmental conditions or the speed of capture (e.g., balancing the cycle length with the uptake rate of the sorbent material 110, etc.). In some embodiments, the scoops 102 may also act to direct the air flow to particular portions of the sorbent vessel 108.

[0053] According to various embodiments, which scoops 102 are open and at what angle provides an opportunity for the optimization of air flow, to better direct the wind into the enclosure 104 and through the sorbent material 110. In some embodiments, the collection configuration 114 comprises all scoops 102 being in the open state 118. In other embodiments, the collection configuration 114 comprises the orientation of each scoop 102 of the plurality of scoops 102 being chosen to optimize air flow into the sorbent vessel 108.

[0054] In the context of the present description and the claims that follow, the contemplated capture device 100 is in a release configuration 132, when the plurality of scoops 102 are each in the sealed state 134, closing the openings 106 such that the sorbent vessel 108 is sufficiently enclosed inside the enclosure 104 that the sorbent regeneration system 124 may operate on the sorbent material 110 to release carbon dioxide 120 from the sorbent material 110 and form an enriched gas 138 within the enclosure 104 An enriched gas 138 is a gas rich in carbon dioxide 120.

[0055] More specifically, the scoops 102 are sealed sufficiently that the regeneration media appropriate for the sorbent material 110 being used, including but not limited to heat, moisture, and vapor (with or without a pressure change), can operate on the sorbent material 110 of the enclosed sorbent vessel 108, to release the captured CO2 120. The seal is also sufficient that the resulting CCh-enriched gas 138 may be harvested from the sorbent vessel 108 for production or processed into higher concentrations.

[0056] Depending on the capital and operational costs (e.g., maintenance, etc.), "sufficiently sealed" may vary from airtight to leaky. For example, it may be more cost effective to settle for a loose seal that is easier to maintain and has a longer operational lifespan, even though some of the captured CO2 120 is lost. A better release configuration 132, where none of the captured CO2 120 is lost, may be too expensive or may quickly break down in the intended use environment, making the capture device 100 less attractive for CO2 collection and thus less likely to be adopted on a large enough scale to have an environmental impact.

[0057] FIG. IF is a schematic view of a non-limiting example of a capture device 100. According to various embodiments, the capture device 100 comprises a control system 126 communicatively coupled to the at least one actuator 112 and configured to cycle the capture device 100 between a collection configuration 114 and a release configuration 132. The control system 126 may be a microcontroller or other computing device appropriate for the sophistication of the intended use (e g., dynamic collection configurations 114, a single collection configuration 114, etc.).

[0058] One of the advantages of the contemplated capture device 100 over other passive capture devices is that the sorbent material 110 can remain stationary, preventing damage, sorbent material 110 may sometimes be fragile. In some embodiments, the capture device 100 may be configured to arrange the scoops 102 such that the safety of the sorbent material 110 is prioritized over the optimal capture rate. In other words, the scoops 102 will open and close such that the sorbent material 110 may collect from the wind and not bedamaged by it. The scoops 102 may close automatically when wind speeds reach a design limit, to protect the capture device 100.

[0059] For example, in one embodiment, the capture device 100 further comprises a sensor 128 communicatively coupled to the control system 126, and the control system 126 is configured to move the plurality of scoops 102 into the sealed state 134 based, at least in part, on a sensor reading 130 received from the sensor 128 (e g., a wind speed, etc ). In other embodiments, one or more sensors 128 may provide sensor readings 130 (e.g., temperature, humidity, light intensity, wind speed, wind direction, etc.) to the control system 126, which then uses that information to move the scoops 102 and run the sorbent regeneration system 124 more effectively or more efficiently (or both).

[0060] FIGs. 2A-2D are various views of another non-limiting example of a capture device 100. Specifically, FIGs. 2A and 2B are top and cross-sectional views of a capture device 100 comprising a rotary actuator 200 in a collection configuration 114, respectively. FIGs. 2C and 2D are top and cross-sectional views of the capture device 100 of FIGs. 2A and 2B in a release configuration 132, respectively.

[0061] In some embodiments, the capture device 100 may comprise a sealing material 206 encircling each opening 106 of the enclosure 104, positioned such that, when a scoop 102 is in the sealed state 134, the sealing material 206 is squeezed in between the enclosure 104 and the scoop 102, forming a better seal. In some embodiments, the sealing material 206 may be an elastomer, or other material that is flexible and durable. In other embodiments, the scoops 102 may mate directly with the body of the enclosure 104. As an option, the scoop 102 may be shaped to follow a contour 202 of the enclosure 104, to improve the contact between the scoop 102 and the enclosure 104 when in the sealed state 134.

[0062] In some embodiments, the scoops 102 may be sized such that there is an overlap 204 with the enclosure 104 when in the sealed state 134. The portion of the enclosure 104 between the openings 106 may serve as a frame for the scoop 102 to close against for a better seal. In other words, the scoops 102 would close against a frame with overlap 204, to secure the scoop 102. Put differently, in some embodiments, the scoops 102 may be sized to be larger than the opening 106 they are associated with.

[0063] According to various embodiments, the part of the enclosure 104 holding the scoops 102 may vary depending on the intended use environment. For example, in areas of high wind flow it may be beneficial for the structure to be more robust. This may be accomplished by reducing the size of the scoops 102 and increasing the size of the enclosure between the openings 106 giving additional structural integrity to the enclosure 104.

[0064] In some embodiments, including the non-limiting example shown in FIGs. 2A-2D, the movement of the scoops 102 between the sealed state 134 and the open state 118 may be accomplished by arms 210, with each arm 210 pivotally coupled to a different scoop 102 of the plurality of scoops 102. Each arm 210 is also coupled, directly or indirectly, to at least one actuator 112. In some embodiments, each arm 210 may have its own actuator 112. In other embodiments, including the non-limiting example shown in FIGs. 2A-2D, all arms 210 may be coupled to a single actuator 112, in this case a rotary actuator 200 configured to turn a central ring to which the arms 210 are pivotally coupled. This particular configuration will open and close all of the scoop 102 together. In other words, the collection configuration 114 comprises all scoops 102 being in the open state 118.

[0065] In some embodiments, sorbent may also be attached to the scoops 102. In some embodiments where at least one scoop 102 comprises a sorbent (hereinafter referred to as scoop sorbent material 208) that may or may not be the same material as the sorbent material 110 of the sorbent vessel 108, the scoop sorbent material 208 is exposed to the airflow when the scoop 102 is in the open state 118. Then the scoop 102 is in the sealed state 134, the scoop sorbent material 208 is inside the enclosure 104 with the sorbent vessel 108 (i.e., it will be exposed to the regeneration media while in the release configuration 132).

[0066] In some embodiments, this may be additional sorbent for capture, while in other embodiments the scoop sorbent material 208 on the scoops 102 might serve as the main capture sorbent. In some embodiments having sorbent material 110 inside the sorbent vessel 108 and also on the interior of the scoops 102, the various sorbent surfaces would need to be arranged to provide sufficient air flow while in the collection configuration 114.

[0067] FIGs. 3A and 3B are top and cross-sectional views of another non-limiting example of a capture device 100 in a collection configuration 114, respectively. In some embodiments, the capture device 100 may be able to rotate with respect to its surroundings (e.g., the ground 304). As a specific example, in one embodiment, the capture device 100 may be mounted on a rotatable coupling 308 such that the entire capture device 100 is able to spin freely. When the scoops 102 are in the collection configuration 114, the wind will cause the entire device 100 to spin. This may serve to further enhance the exposure of the sorbent material 110 within the enclosure 104 to the ambient airflow 122.

[0068] In other embodiments, a portion of the capture device 100 may be able to rotate with respect to the surroundings, while the rest of the device 100 remains stationary. In some embodiments, the portion 302 of the enclosure 104 to which the scoops 102 are attached may be movable (e.g., rotatable) relative to other parts of the capture device 100 or relative tothe ground 304. As a specific example, in one embodiment, the scoops 102 and the portion 302 of the enclosure 104 they are coupled to may freely rotate about a central axis 300 of the capture device 100, relative to the rest of the capture device 100. Rotating a part of the device 100 rather than the entire device may be easier due to the reduced weight, facilitating the rotation of the scoops 102 to align with the natural wind direction. As an option, this rotation may be powered by the wind pushing on the scoops 102, rather than by an engine or other active power system. In some embodiments, this portion 302 of the enclosure 104 able to rotate serves as a structural ring, and is the part of the enclosure 104 holding the scoops 102.

[0069] In some embodiments, the rotating portion 302 of the enclosure 104 may be coupled to a generator 306, such that electricity is generated as the airflow 122 causes the plurality of scoops 102 to rotate about the central axis 300. In other embodiments, the rotation may be used to generate heat The generated heat or electricity may be used to operate other functions within the capture device 100 (e.g., a pump used for regeneration, etc.). As an option, in some embodiments, air flow exiting the capture device 100 may be directed at wind turbines for similar power generation opportunities.

[0070] As previously discussed, one of the advantages the contemplated scoop capture device 100 has over conventional air capture devices is that, in some embodiments, the sorbent material 110 remains motionless throughout the capture / release cycle. In some embodiments where the scoops 102 are able to rotate about the central axis 300, the sorbent vessel 108 may be held stationary with respect to the ground 304, protecting any fragile structures from damage.

[0071] In some embodiments, the enclosure 104 may be held stationary. While this may not be optimal for all wind flow directions, these embodiments have the advantage of fewer moving parts. This simplicity may outweigh the advantage of the rotating variations, depending on the economics of a particular application.

[0072] According to various embodiments, the curvature of the scoops 102 helps direct additional airflow to the sorbent vessel 108. In some embodiments, the scoops 102 may be large enough to make up the entire circumference of the enclosure 104. In other embodiments, the scoops 102 may make up a smaller portion, being separated by side walls 212 of the enclosure 104 (i.e., the part of the enclosure 104 between openings 106), to allow for a sturdier exterior construction and allow for more directed and focused airflows.

[0073] In some embodiments, the sizing of the capture device 100 is chosen to make it readily fabricated in a mass production setting and able to use conventionaltransportation for delivery. However, other embodiments may be larger, or smaller, depending on the needs of a particular use environment.

[0074] The circumference is made up of scoops 102 and side walls 212. According to various embodiments, the ratio of scoop width to enclosure side wall width can be adjusted based on the environment of the location for capture or based on the need for additional structural strength to the chamber. It may be that under some operational circumstances either structure or percent of opening 106 (exposure of sorbent) may dictate the structure. For example, it might be prudent for shipping or operation to have more structural rigidity that would be provided by the side walls 212. It may be required to have more robust side walls 212 for enclosures 104 constructed from weaker (but lighter) materials.

[0075] A number of aspects of the contemplated capture device 100 may be modified to adjust for particular use environments or economic constraints. These parameters include, but are not limited to, the number of scoops 102 and their dimensions, the height and diameter of the sorbent vessel 108 and enclosure 104, and the ratio of scoop 102 width to side wall 212. In some embodiments, the capture device 100 may comprise five scoops 102 (e g., FIG. 2A). In other embodiments, the capture device 100 may comprise 11 or more scoops 102 (e.g., FIG. 1 A). Those skilled in the art will recognize that this novel design may be modified for use in a wide range of environments, in conjunction with a wide range of sorbents and composed of a range of materials.

[0076] According to various embodiments, the capture devices 100 may be configured so that they may be operated for capture, both individually and in groups. Capture farms may be quite large and may accommodate a large number of capture devices 100, sharing various aspects of infrastructure such as storage, power, regeneration media, and the like.

[0077] It will be understood that implementations are not limited to the specific components disclosed herein, as virtually any components consistent with the intended operation of a scoop device for the passive collection of atmospheric carbon dioxide may be utilized. Accordingly, for example, although particular systems, methods, and / or devices for passive carbon dioxide capture may be disclosed, such components may comprise any shape, size, style, type, model, version, class, grade, measurement, concentration, material, weight, quantity, and / or the like consistent with the intended operation of a scoop device for the passive collection of atmospheric carbon dioxide may be used. In places where the description above refers to particular implementations of a scoop device for the passive collection of atmospheric carbon dioxide, it should be readily apparent that a number of modifications may be madewithout departing from the spirit thereof and that these implementations may be applied to other passive air capture devices.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. A capture device for the passive collection of carbon dioxide, comprising: an enclosure comprising a plurality of openings that are vertical, and a sorbent regeneration system; a sorbent vessel comprising a sorbent material, the sorbent vessel located inside the enclosure; a plurality of scoops, each scoop pivotally coupled to the enclosure and movable between a sealed state and an open state, the sealed state of the scoop comprising the scoop covering a different opening of the plurality of openings such that the different opening is closed, the open state of the scoop comprising the scoop pivoted away from the different opening such that an airflow can pass through; at least one actuator coupled to the enclosure and configured to move each scoop of the plurality of scoops between the sealed state and the open state; a control system communicatively coupled to the at least one actuator and configured to cycle the capture device between a collection configuration and a release configuration; wherein the collection configuration comprises at least some of the scoops of the plurality of scoops being in the open state, exposing the sorbent material of the sorbent vessel to the carbon dioxide within the airflow passing through; wherein the release configuration comprises the plurality of scoops each being in the sealed state, closing the openings such that the sorbent vessel is sufficiently enclosed inside the enclosure that the sorbent regeneration system may operate on the sorbent material of the sorbent vessel to release carbon dioxide from the sorbent material and form an enriched gas within the enclosure.

2. The capture device of claim 1, wherein the enclosure is cylindrical.

3. The capture device of claim 1, wherein the at least one actuator is a plurality of linear actuators, each linear actuator coupled to a different scoop.

4. The capture device of claim 1, further comprising a plurality of arms, each arm pivotally coupled to a different scoop of the plurality of scoops and also coupled to at least one of the at least one actuator.

5. The capture device of claim 4, wherein the at least one actuator is a rotary actuator coupled to the plurality of scoops through the plurality of arms, and wherein the collection configuration comprises all scoops being in the open state.

6. The capture device of claim 1, wherein the collection configuration comprises all scoops being in the open state.

7. The capture device of claim 1, wherein each scoop comprises a scoop sorbent material such that the scoop sorbent material is exposed to the airflow when the scoop is in the open state and the scoop sorbent material is within the enclosure with the sorbent vessel when the scoop is in the sealed state.

8. The capture device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of scoops and at least a portion of the enclosure are free to rotate about a central axis, with respect to a ground.

9. The capture device of claim 8, wherein the portion of the enclosure free to rotate about the central axis is coupled to a generator such that electricity is generated as the airflow causes the plurality of scoops to rotate about the central axis.

10. The capture device of claim 8, wherein the plurality of scoops and the portion of the enclosure are free to rotate about the central axis relative to the sorbent vessel, and wherein the sorbent vessel is held stationary with respect to the ground.

11. The capture device of claim 1, further comprising: a sensor communicatively coupled to the control system; wherein the control system is configured to move the plurality of scoops into the sealed state based, at least in part, on a sensor reading received from the sensor.

12. The capture device of claim 1, wherein the scoops are sized such that there is an overlap with the enclosure when in the sealed state.

13. The capture device of claim 1, further comprising a sealing material encircling each opening of the enclosure and positioned such that, when each scoop is in the sealed state, the sealing material is between the enclosure and the scoop.

14. A capture device for the passive collection of carbon dioxide, comprising: an enclosure comprising a plurality of openings and a sorbent regeneration system, the enclosure being cylindrical; a sorbent vessel comprising a sorbent material, the sorbent vessel located inside the enclosure; a plurality of scoops, each scoop pivotally coupled to the enclosure and movable between a sealed state and an open state, the sealed state of the scoop comprising the scoop covering a different opening of the plurality of openings such that the different opening is closed, the open state of the scoop comprising the scoop pivoted away from the different opening such that an airflow can pass through, the scoop being shaped to follow a contour of the enclosure and sized to be larger than the different opening; at least one actuator coupled to the enclosure and configured to move each scoop of the plurality of scoops between the sealed state and the open state; a control system communicatively coupled to the at least one actuator and configured to cycle the capture device between a collection configuration and a release configuration; wherein the collection configuration comprises at least some of the scoops of the plurality of scoops being in the open state, exposing the sorbent material of the sorbent vessel to the carbon dioxide within the airflow passing through; wherein the release configuration comprises the plurality of scoops each being in the sealed state, closing the openings such that the sorbent vessel is sufficiently enclosed inside the enclosure that the sorbent regeneration system may operate on the sorbent material of the sorbent vessel to release carbon dioxide from the sorbent material and form an enriched gas within the enclosure; wherein the plurality of scoops comprises at least 5 scoops.

15. The capture device of claim 14, wherein the at least one actuator is a plurality of linear actuators, each linear actuator coupled to a different scoop.

16. The capture device of claim 14, further comprising a plurality of arms, each arm pivotally coupled to a different scoop of the plurality of scoops and also coupled to at least one of the at least one actuator.

17. The capture device of claim 16, wherein the at least one actuator is a rotary actuator coupled to the plurality of scoops through the plurality of arms, and wherein the collection configuration comprises all scoops being in the open state.

18. The capture device of claim 14, wherein the collection configuration comprises all scoops being in the open state.

19. The capture device of claim 14, wherein each scoop comprises a scoop sorbent material such that the scoop sorbent material is exposed to the airflow when the scoop is in the open state and the scoop sorbent material is within the enclosure with the sorbent vessel when the scoop is in the sealed state.

20. The capture device of claim 14, wherein the plurality of scoops and at least a portion of the enclosure are free to rotate about a central axis, with respect to a ground.

21. The capture device of claim 20, wherein the portion of the enclosure free to rotate about the central axis is coupled to a generator such that electricity is generated as the airflow causes the plurality of scoops to rotate about the central axis.

22. The capture device of claim 20, wherein the plurality of scoops and the portion of the enclosure are free to rotate about the central axis relative to the sorbent vessel, and wherein the sorbent vessel is held stationary with respect to the ground.

23. The capture device of claim 14, further comprising: a sensor communicatively coupled to the control system; wherein the control system is configured to move the plurality of scoops into the sealed state based, at least in part, on a sensor reading received from the sensor.

4. The capture device of claim 14, further comprising a sealing material encircling each opening of the enclosure and positioned such that, when each scoop is in the sealed state, the sealing material is between the enclosure and the scoop.

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