Superhard material grinding tool for difficult-to-machine material and grinding process

Abstract

A superhard material grinding tool for a difficult-to-machine material and a grinding process. The superhard material grinding tool comprises a base body I (1), a pressing plate (2) and a plurality of grinding disks (3), wherein the base body I (1) is of an annular structure, the plurality of grinding disks (3) are distributed in a circumferential direction of the base body I (1) and assembled into an annular structure, and a radially running water groove (4) is formed between two grinding disks (3); the pressing plate (2) is of an annular structure and is fixedly mounted at one end of the base body I (1) and configured to tightly press the plurality of grinding disks (3); and a mixed cooling channel (5) for introducing a grinding fluid and / or a cooling liquid is formed between the pressing plate (2) and the base body I (1), each grinding disk (3) comprises a multi-grain abrasive material, and the thickness h of each grinding disk (3) and the grain size b of the abrasive material meet the following relational expression: b ≤ h ＜ 2b. The grinding tool can be combined with auxiliary means in accordance with the particularity of different difficult-to-grind materials, so as to improve the grinding efficiency and the grinding quality.

Description

Superhard material grinding tool and grinding process for difficult-to-process materials Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of grinding technology, and in particular to a superhard material grinding tool and a grinding process for difficult-to-machine materials. Background Art

[0002] Difficult-to-grind materials mainly include ceramics, stainless steel, cemented carbide, titanium alloys, heat-resistant alloys, aluminum alloys, and composite materials. When grinding difficult-to-grind materials, the workpiece is prone to cracking and damage. High temperatures produce intense chemical affinity with the abrasive, which can easily cause plastic failure of the grinding wheel grains, resulting in large amounts of breakage. Grinding debris easily adheres to the abrasive surface, and severe adhesion can quickly dull the grinding wheel working surface, causing it to lose its grinding ability. Grinding debris, especially tough, non-powdery debris, is difficult to expel and easily clogs the space between the exposed abrasives on the grinding wheel working surface, resulting in reduced abrasive removal or even loss of grinding ability. The abrasives on the grinding wheel are easily heated, accelerating wear and dulling, resulting in reduced abrasive removal pressure and slippage. The workpiece surface can also be burned or cracked. The grinding characteristics of different difficult-to-grind materials include: high grinding zone temperature, high tool wear, low grinding efficiency, and high grinding forces.

[0003] Traditionally, the adaptation of the three elements of abrasive tools—abrasive, binder, and pores—has been the primary approach for improving tool performance over the past few decades. However, this approach has yet to address the industry's significant technical challenges in grinding difficult-to-grind materials. Various attempts have been made to address the machining of different difficult-to-grind materials, such as superimposing ultrasonic-assisted grinding, composite grinding wheel technology, and intelligent control of the grinding process on traditional grinding techniques. While these efforts have achieved some success, they still present challenges and obstacles, making it difficult to achieve high-speed, high-precision, and high-quality machining.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a superhard material grinding tool and grinding process for difficult-to-machine materials, aiming to solve the problems in the prior art.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention to solve the above technical problems is as follows:

[0007] A superhard material grinding tool for difficult-to-machine materials, comprising a base body, a pressing plate, and a plurality of grinding sheets, wherein the base body is annular in structure, the plurality of grinding sheets are distributed along the circumference of the base body and spliced ​​into an annular structure, and a radially penetrating water groove is formed between two grinding sheets; the pressing plate is annular in structure, fixedly mounted on one end of the base body, and used to tightly press the plurality of grinding sheets; a mixed cooling channel for introducing grinding liquid and / or coolant is formed between the pressing plate and the base body, a liquid inlet connected to the mixed cooling channel is formed between one end of the pressing plate and one end of the base body, and the plurality of water grooves are respectively connected to the mixed cooling channel; each grinding sheet comprises multiple abrasive particles, and the thickness h of each grinding sheet and the particle size b of the abrasive satisfy the following relationship:

[0008] b≤h<2b;

[0009] That is, at any point on the working surface of the grinding sheet, two abrasive grains with the same exposed height and the same particle size cannot be accommodated in the circumferential direction.

[0010] The units of the thickness h of each grinding sheet and the particle size b of the abrasive are dmm respectively.

[0011] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: during assembly, the driving end of the driving member, such as a motor, extends into the center of the base body and is fixedly connected;

[0012] During the machining process, the driving member drives the base body and the working layer formed by the pressure plate and the plurality of grinding sheets to rotate so as to grind the workpiece;

[0013] During this process, the coolant is fed from the liquid inlet into the mixed cooling channel by any method that can be imagined by those skilled in the art, and the coolant reaches the working surface of the mold through multiple water troughs for cooling;

[0014] At the same time, the grinding liquid is sent into the mixed cooling channel through the liquid inlet, and the grinding liquid reaches the grinding area of ​​the grinding tool through multiple water troughs to grind the workpiece to be processed and multiple grinding sheets. The reasonable design ensures the efficiency and quality of workpiece grinding.

[0015] The invention has reasonable design and simple process, and can superimpose auxiliary means according to the particularity of different difficult-to-grind materials to improve grinding efficiency and grinding quality.

[0016] On the basis of the above technical solution, the present invention can also be improved as follows.

[0017] Furthermore, the plurality of grinding sheets are respectively distributed on the circumference of the base body, and the portion of one end thereof close to the inner side thereof is concave to form an annular step; the outer side of the pressure plate presses the annular step tightly.

[0018] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are simple structure and reasonable design. The annular structure formed by multiple grinding sheets is distributed on the circumferential surface of the base body. The entire grinding tool grinds the workpiece through the working layer of its circumferential surface during rotation, making grinding convenient.

[0019] Furthermore, the inner portions of the opposite sides of two adjacent grinding plates are respectively concave to form the water grooves, and the outer portions of both sides of one grinding plate are wavy to form the water grooves between the adjacent grinding plates.

[0020] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further scheme is that the structural design of the grinding sheet is reasonable, which can form a water channel for liquid to pass through to achieve the effect of cooling and grinding, and the wavy design on the grinding sheet can play a supporting role, increase the rigidity and strength of the entire working layer, extend the service life of the grinding sheet, and reduce costs.

[0021] Furthermore, the plurality of grinding sheets are located at the edge of one end of the base, and the pressing plate presses tightly against the inner side of the edge of one end of the plurality of grinding sheets.

[0022] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are simple structure and reasonable design. The annular structure formed by multiple grinding sheets is distributed on the edge of one end of the base. The entire grinding tool grinds the workpiece through the working layer of its end face during rotation, making grinding convenient.

[0023] Furthermore, a plurality of blades are fixedly mounted at even intervals along the circumference of the base body 1 at a position corresponding to the mixing cooling channel. The plurality of blades are respectively arranged perpendicular to the base body 1 and respectively extend along the radial direction of the base body 1.

[0024] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are simple structure and reasonable design. The radial arrangement of multiple blades can accelerate the liquid to a certain extent, thereby achieving better cooling and grinding effects.

[0025] Furthermore, a second base is fixedly mounted on the first base, the outer side of the second base extends to the outer side of the first base and wraps the circumference of the first base, and the pressure plate is located between the first base and the second base.

[0026] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further solution are simple structure, reasonable design, and further increasing the stability of the entire mold assembly through the second base.

[0027] Furthermore, the plurality of grinding sheets are grouped in pairs, and a water trough is formed between the two grinding sheets in each group, which is open on the inside and one end and closed on the outside, and a water trough is formed between two adjacent groups of grinding sheets, which is open on the inside, outside and one end.

[0028] The beneficial effects of adopting the above further scheme are simple structure, reasonable design, using multiple grinding plates to form water troughs of different structures, extending the time of liquid in the grinding area and working surface, further improving the cooling and grinding effects, and ensuring the quality of workpiece grinding.

[0029] Furthermore, a plurality of bosses are evenly spaced and fixedly mounted on both sides of each grinding sheet, and each boss is fitted with a corresponding side of the grinding sheet.

[0030] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the reasonable design of the multiple bosses can increase the rigidity and strength of the entire working layer, extend the service life of each grinding sheet, reduce costs, and will not affect the flow of liquid.

[0031] Furthermore, each of the bosses is a truncated cone structure.

[0032] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the structural design of the boss is reasonable, which can meet the requirements of increasing the rigidity and strength of the entire working layer, extending the service life of each grinding sheet, and reducing costs.

[0033] The present invention also relates to a grinding process using the superhard material grinding tool for difficult-to-machine materials as described above, comprising the following specific steps:

[0034] The coolant is fed into the mixed cooling channel through the liquid inlet, and the coolant reaches the working surface of the mold through multiple water troughs for cooling;

[0035] At the same time, the grinding liquid is fed into the mixed cooling channel through the liquid inlet, and the grinding liquid reaches the grinding area of ​​the grinding tool through the multiple water grooves to grind the workpiece to be processed and the multiple grinding sheets.

[0036] The beneficial effect of adopting the above further solution is that the present invention also provides a grinding process with reasonable design and simple process. The grinding process can be superimposed with auxiliary means according to the particularity of different difficult-to-grind materials to improve the grinding efficiency and grinding quality. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0037] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] FIG2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG1 ;

[0039] FIG3 is a front view of the present invention;

[0040] FIG4 is a cross-sectional view taken along the CC line in FIG3 ;

[0041] FIG5 is an enlarged view of D in FIG4 ;

[0042] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a first embodiment of the present invention;

[0043] FIG7 is an enlarged view of B in FIG6;

[0044] FIG8 is a schematic structural diagram of two adjacent grinding sheets in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0045] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] FIG10 is a front view of a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] FIG11 is a partial structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] FIG12 is an enlarged view of E in FIG11 ;

[0049] FIG13 is a partial planar structural diagram of a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] FIG14 is a cross-sectional view taken along line FF in FIG13 ;

[0051] FIG15 is an enlarged view of G in FIG14 ;

[0052] FIG16 is a schematic structural diagram of two adjacent grinding sheets in a second embodiment of the present invention;

[0053] FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of the present invention when the thickness of the grinding sheet is equal to the particle size of a single abrasive grain;

[0054] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grinding sheet of the present invention when the thickness is equal to the particle size of the abrasive agglomerate.

[0055] In the accompanying drawings, the components represented by the reference numerals are as follows:

[0056] 1. Base 1; 2. Press plate; 3. Grinding sheet; 4. Water trough; 5. Mixing cooling channel; 6. Annular step; 7. Blade; 8. Base 2; 9. Boss. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0057] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments of the present invention and the features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0058] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, features defined as "first", "second", etc. may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more.

[0059] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; mechanical connections or electrical connections; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0060] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0061] Example 1

[0062] As shown in Figures 1 to 18, this embodiment provides a superhard material grinding tool for difficult-to-machine materials, including a base 1, a pressing plate 2 and a plurality of grinding sheets 3. The base 1 is annular in structure, and the plurality of grinding sheets 3 are distributed along the circumference of the base 1 and spliced ​​into an annular structure. A radially penetrating water groove 4 is formed between two grinding sheets 3; the pressing plate 2 is annular in structure, which is fixedly mounted on one end of the base 1 for tightly pressing the plurality of grinding sheets 3; a mixed cooling channel 5 for passing a grinding liquid and / or a coolant is formed between the pressing plate 2 and the base 1, a liquid inlet communicating with the mixed cooling channel 5 is formed between one end of the pressing plate 2 and one end of the base 1, and the plurality of water grooves 4 are respectively communicated with the mixed cooling channel 5;

[0063] Each of the grinding sheets 3 includes multiple abrasive particles, and the thickness h of each of the grinding sheets 3 and the particle size b of the abrasive particles satisfy the following relationship:

[0064] b≤h<2b;

[0065] The units of the thickness h of each grinding sheet 3 and the particle size b of the abrasive are dmm respectively.

[0066] It should be noted that the above formula is applicable to grinding wheels of dmm and above, that is, it is suitable for grinding wheels with coarse abrasives of dmm or above.

[0067] In addition, during the manufacturing process of each grinding sheet 3, multiple abrasive particles are bonded together by a binder to form the grinding sheet 3 (existing technology).

[0068] During assembly, the driving end of the driving member, such as a motor, extends into the center of the base body 1 and is fixedly connected;

[0069] During the machining process, the base 1 and the working layer formed by the pressing plate 2 and the plurality of grinding sheets 3 are driven to rotate by a driving member to grind the workpiece;

[0070] During this process, the coolant is fed from the liquid inlet into the mixed cooling channel 5 by a method known to those skilled in the art, and the coolant passes through multiple water channels 4 to the working surface of the mold for cooling;

[0071] At the same time, the grinding liquid is fed into the mixed cooling channel 5 through the liquid inlet, and the grinding liquid reaches the grinding area of ​​the grinding tool through multiple water troughs 4 to grind the workpiece to be processed and multiple grinding sheets 3. The design is reasonable to ensure the efficiency and quality of workpiece grinding.

[0072] Preferably, in this embodiment, a protrusion is extended from the center of one end of the base 1 , and the protrusion, the base 1 and the pressure plate 2 form a mixing cooling channel 5 .

[0073] In addition, each grinding sheet 3 preferably has a sheet-like structure.

[0074] This embodiment has a reasonable design and a simple process, and can be used to enhance the grinding efficiency and quality by superimposing auxiliary means according to the particularities of different difficult-to-grind materials.

[0075] Based on the above scheme, on the one hand, a suitable coolant supply device is used to supply the coolant to the inner diameter of the grinding wheel through the water channel. Under the action of centrifugal force, the coolant enters the water groove from the small diameter to the large diameter. The water groove and the grinding area (that is, the grinding area where the workpiece and the grinding wheel are in contact) are connected. The coolant is input into the grinding area to implement internal cooling of the workpiece surface, abrasive and binder in the grinding area.

[0076] On the other hand, a grinding liquid supply device is used to input the grinding liquid into the grinding area through the same channel and path as the coolant supply. The abrasive in the grinding liquid is in a free state. Driven by the grinding wheel teeth, it can grind the working surface of the grinding wheel (i.e., the binder surface, the exposed abrasive surface) and the grinding surface of the workpiece; at the same time, the abrasive in the free state also has the effect of flushing the grinding surface of the workpiece and the grinding wheel surface under the action of centrifugal force; the effect of the above-mentioned abrasive can achieve the accelerated consumption of the assist binder and improve the self-sharpening of the grinding wheel, eliminate adhesions on the workpiece, binder and abrasive in the grinding area, and eliminate the oxide film formed on the grinding surface of the workpiece.

[0077] The basic grinding fluid is composed of water + ordinary abrasive. The particle size of the ordinary abrasive is smaller than that of the grinding wheel abrasive to avoid scratching the workpiece surface.

[0078] Special grinding fluid can be composed of a uniform mixture of liquid with chemical properties and abrasives, which is conducive to utilizing the chemical action of chemical liquid to perform dual treatment of chemical + grinding on the parts that need to be treated.

[0079] The abrasive in the slurry can grind the working surface of the grinding wheel (i.e., the bond surface and the exposed abrasive surface) and the grinding surface of the workpiece, thereby accelerating the consumption of the bond and achieving good self-sharpening performance of the grinding wheel. This technical means that a high-holding bond can be selected to increase the abrasive utilization rate and eliminate adhesion to the workpiece, bond, exposed abrasive in the grinding area, and oxide film formed on the grinding surface of the workpiece.

[0080] Example 2

[0081] Based on Example 1, as shown in Figures 1 to 8, in this embodiment, multiple grinding sheets 3 are distributed on the circumference of the base 1, and one end thereof is concave near the inner side thereof to form an annular step 6; the outer side of the pressure plate 2 presses the annular step 6 tightly.

[0082] This solution has a simple structure and reasonable design. The annular structure formed by multiple grinding sheets 3 is distributed on the circumferential surface of the base 1. The entire grinding tool grinds the workpiece through the working layer of its circumferential surface during rotation, making grinding convenient.

[0083] Based on the above solution, the annular working layer formed by multiple grinding sheets 3 is wrapped around the circumferential surface of the base body 1.

[0084] In order to form the above-mentioned annular step 6, each grinding sheet 3 has a sheet-like structure with a thick outer side and a thin inner side, and the inner side of each grinding sheet 3 is placed on the edge of one end surface of the base body 1 and is pressed by the pressure plate 2, and the outer side of each grinding sheet 3 extends to the outside of the circumference of the base body 1.

[0085] Example 3

[0086] On the basis of Example 2, in this embodiment, the opposite sides of the two adjacent grinding sheets 3 near their inner sides are respectively concave to form the water grooves 4, and the two sides of one of the grinding sheets 3 near its outer side are wavy and form the water grooves 4 between the adjacent grinding sheets 3.

[0087] The structural design of the grinding sheet 3 is reasonable, which can form a water channel 4 for liquid to pass through to achieve the effect of cooling and grinding. The wavy design on the grinding sheet 3 can also play a supporting role, increase the rigidity and strength of the entire working layer, extend the service life of the grinding sheet and reduce costs.

[0088] Based on the above scheme, among the multiple grinding sheets 3, both sides of some grinding sheets 3 are respectively flat, and both sides of the remaining grinding sheets 3 are respectively wavy, and the multiple grinding sheets 3 with flat sides and the multiple grinding sheets 3 with wavy sides are alternately distributed in sequence. The distribution is reasonable, which can not only ensure the smooth flow of multiple water troughs 4, but also ensure the rigidity and strength of the entire working layer.

[0089] Example 4

[0090] Based on Example 1, as shown in Figures 9 to 16, in this embodiment, the plurality of grinding sheets 3 are located at the edge of one end of the base 1, and the pressing plate 2 presses the inner side of the edge of one end of the plurality of grinding sheets 3.

[0091] This solution has a simple structure and reasonable design. The annular structure formed by multiple grinding sheets 3 is distributed on the edge of one end of the base 1. The entire grinding tool grinds the workpiece through the working layer of its end face during rotation, making grinding convenient.

[0092] Based on the above solution, a working layer formed by a plurality of grinding sheets 3 is distributed on one end face of the substrate 1 , and the outer circumference of the working layer is flush with the outer circumference of the substrate 1 .

[0093] Example 5

[0094] On the basis of Example 4, in this embodiment, a plurality of blades 7 are fixedly installed at evenly spaced intervals along the circumference of the base 1 corresponding to the position within the mixing cooling channel 5. The plurality of blades 7 are respectively arranged perpendicular to the base 1 and extend respectively along the radial direction of the base 1.

[0095] This solution has a simple structure and a reasonable design. The radial arrangement of the multiple blades 7 can accelerate the liquid to a certain extent, thereby achieving better flushing and cooling and improving the grinding effect.

[0096] Example 6

[0097] Based on any one of Examples 4 to 5, in this embodiment, a second base 8 is further fixedly mounted on the base 1, the outer side of the second base 8 extends to the outer side of the base 1 and wraps the circumference of the base 1, and the pressure plate 2 is located between the base 1 and the second base 8.

[0098] This solution has a simple structure and a reasonable design, and the stability of the entire mold assembly can be further increased through the base body 8.

[0099] Example 7

[0100] On the basis of any one of Examples 4 to 6, in this embodiment, the plurality of grinding sheets 3 are grouped in pairs, and a water trough 4 with an open inner side and one end and a closed outer side is formed between the two grinding sheets 3 in each group, and a water trough 4 with an open inner side, an open outer side and one end is formed between two adjacent groups of grinding sheets 3.

[0101] This solution has a simple structure and reasonable design. It uses multiple grinding discs 3 to form water troughs 4 with different structures, which prolongs the time of the grinding fluid in the grinding area and the working surface, further improves the cooling and grinding effects, and ensures the quality of workpiece grinding.

[0102] Example 8

[0103] On the basis of any one of Examples 4 to 7, in this embodiment, a plurality of bosses 9 are evenly spaced and fixedly installed on both sides of each grinding sheet 3 , and each boss 9 is in contact with the corresponding side of the grinding sheet 3 .

[0104] Reasonable design of the plurality of bosses 9 can increase the rigidity and strength of the entire working layer, extend the service life of each grinding sheet 3, reduce costs, and will not affect the flow of the liquid.

[0105] Based on the above solution, the multiple bosses 9 on each grinding sheet 3 can be reasonably distributed according to needs.

[0106] Example 9

[0107] On the basis of Example 8, in this embodiment, each of the bosses 9 is a truncated cone structure.

[0108] The boss 9 has a reasonable structural design and is easy to manufacture, and can meet the requirements of increasing the rigidity and strength of the entire working layer, extending the service life of each grinding sheet, and reducing costs.

[0109] Preferably, in this embodiment, the bosses 9 on two adjacent grinding sheets 3 can be distributed opposite to each other in pairs. In this case, the opposite ends of each pair of bosses 9 abut against each other, which reduces the height of the bosses and facilitates manufacturing.

[0110] The grinding tool with functional structured technology has a circumferential thin-sheet toothed grinding ring, and gaps are left between the teeth to form a common water / chip removal groove, which is conducive to the coolant flowing from the inner diameter and small diameter of the grinding wheel to the large diameter under the action of centrifugal force to achieve internal cooling. It is also conducive to the rapid radial separation of chips from the grinding zone (i.e. the area where the grinding wheel and the workpiece are in contact) under the action of centrifugal force, thereby reducing the thermal impact of the friction heat of the chips on the abrasive and the workpiece. The above conditions are conducive to the use of high linear speed grinding to reduce the amount of cutting, thereby improving the conditions for the workpiece to adhere to the abrasive and reducing the grinding resistance, ensuring the accuracy and surface roughness of the workpiece ground surface;

[0111] If a split-type circumferential thin-slice tooth grinding wheel is used, the theoretical limit value of its circumferential thickness h is equal to the maximum particle size within the selected abrasive particle size number (refer to Figure 17), that is, there is at most one abrasive in the circumferential thickness h direction at any point on the grinding surface of each grinding sheet, and there is no other abrasive in the circumferential direction at this point to block the movement and discharge of powder chips. This structure greatly eliminates the circumferential space required for powder chips to clog the grinding wheel surface, because most of this space is replaced by the water trough, and powder chips, especially non-powdery chips, can be removed under the action of circumferential force. The circumferential limit is discharged to the water / chip discharge groove at a close distance, thereby reducing the friction heat generated by the chips, and realizing the function of grinding, cooling and chip removal during grinding; for fine abrasives (referring to abrasives finer than micron level), the agglomerate mode can be adopted (refer to Figure 18), and the theoretical limit value of the circumferential thickness h of the thin film teeth is equal to the diameter of the selected agglomerate, that is, there is at most one agglomerate in the circumferential thickness h direction at any point on the grinding surface of each grinding sheet, and there is no other agglomerate in the circumferential direction at this point to block the movement and discharge of chips.

[0112] The actual selection trend of grinding sheet thickness is to prioritize thinness under the premise of feasibility, strength and economy. The rigidity of the grinding sheet and grinding ring can be met through the interaction of the grinding sheet support structure.

[0113] Taking the grinding sheet 3 made of diamond as an example, when the thickness of the grinding sheet 3 is equal to the single abrasive particle size (see FIG17 ), the thicknesses satisfy the following relationship:

[0114] h≥b, b1≤b, h=2b-b1;

[0115] Wherein, h is the thickness of the grinding sheet 3, b is the diamond particle size, and b1 is the overlap of the arranged diamond particle sizes.

[0116] When the thickness of the grinding sheet is equal to the abrasive agglomerate particle size (see Figure 18), the thicknesses satisfy the following relationship:

[0117] H≥d, d1≤d, H=2d-d1;

[0118] Wherein, H is the thickness of the grinding sheet 3, d is the diameter of the diamond cluster, and d1 is the overlap of the arranged diamond cluster diameters.

[0119] It should be noted that the above formula is applicable to grinding wheels with a size of μm or below, that is, it is suitable for grinding wheels with fine abrasives at the micron level or below.

[0120] With the advancement of manufacturing technology, thinner thin-film teeth with rigidity and strength can be closer to the particle size of the abrasive. Even if the theoretical optimal value of the mechanism cannot be met, a moderately increased thin-film tooth thickness h can be achieved. By adopting a manufacturing process that maximizes the concentration in the L and L1 directions and minimizes the concentration in the circumferential direction of the thickness h, the grinding wheel produced can also have a significantly improved effect compared to the existing technology.

[0121] Wherein, L is the length of the flat grinding sheet, and L1 is the linear length of the wavy grinding sheet.

[0122] Adopting the above conditions, a densely distributed internal cooling structure on the grinding surface can prevent the atomization of the coolant by the air flow barrier, and implement extreme close-range, instant beam-state efficient cooling for the abrasive, binder and workpiece.

[0123] The above conditions are adopted, and a structure with instant chip removal function is used. The circumferential dense water / chip removal grooves allow the powder chips to slide into the water / chip removal grooves instantly. The exposed height of the abrasive is greater than the carving depth, so it is suitable to select a finer abrasive. The finer abrasive has high relative strength, the area taken during grinding is small, and the abrasive can easily obtain high pressure, which is beneficial for grinding high-hardness and difficult-to-grind materials and improving grinding efficiency. The finer abrasive is conducive to micro-machining and reduces the surface stress of the workpiece. The finer abrasive has a small surface area, a small binder action area, a small holding force, and is easier to handle for self-sharpening. The finer abrasive has a small amount of powder chip adhesion and low adhesion firmness, making it easy to clean.

[0124] By adopting the above conditions, pores in the binder are eliminated or reduced, which is conducive to the realization of high rotational strength, so that the grinding tool can meet the conditions of high linear speed and high-precision micro-grinding; the multiple functional requirements of the binder are reduced, which is conducive to the establishment of the adaptability of the binder's holding ability and the improvement and stability of the self-sharpening property of the grinding wheel.

[0125] Example 10

[0126] On the basis of the above embodiments, this embodiment further provides a grinding process for difficult-to-machine materials using a superhard material grinding tool as described above, comprising the following specific steps:

[0127] The coolant is fed into the mixed cooling channel 5 through the liquid inlet, and the coolant reaches the working surface of the grinding tool through multiple water troughs 4 for cooling;

[0128] At the same time, the grinding liquid is fed into the mixing cooling channel 5 through the liquid inlet, and reaches the grinding area of ​​the grinding tool through the multiple water grooves 4 to grind the workpiece to be processed and the multiple grinding sheets 3.

[0129] This embodiment also provides a grinding process, which has a reasonable design and a simple process. It can be used to improve the grinding efficiency and grinding quality by adding auxiliary means according to the particularities of different difficult-to-grind materials.

[0130] The working principle of the present invention is as follows:

[0131] During the machining process, the base 1 and the working layer formed by the pressing plate 2 and the plurality of grinding sheets 3 are driven to rotate by a driving member to grind the workpiece;

[0132] During this process, the coolant is fed from the liquid inlet into the mixed cooling channel 5 by a method known to those skilled in the art, and the coolant passes through multiple water channels 4 to the working surface of the mold for cooling;

[0133] At the same time, the grinding liquid is fed into the mixed cooling channel 5 through the liquid inlet, and the grinding liquid reaches the grinding area of ​​the grinding tool through multiple water troughs 4 to grind the workpiece to be processed and multiple grinding sheets 3. The design is reasonable to ensure the efficiency and quality of workpiece grinding.

[0134] The present invention is based on the functional structuring technology of grinding tools, namely the adaptation technology of "abrasive and binder + functional structure", and superimposes auxiliary means to improve the grinding efficiency and quality according to the particularity of different difficult-to-grind materials.

[0135] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0136] The impregnated grinding wheel suitable for various binders can greatly reduce the difficulty of researching and developing multifunctional binder materials; the dense internal cooling structure of the grinding wheel grinding surface forms micro-interrupted grinding, which is conducive to high-speed grinding process; the structure of the circumferential thin-plate teeth greatly eliminates the circumferential space required for chips to clog the grinding wheel surface (most of this space is replaced by the water groove) and has a circumferential instant chip removal structure (i.e., water / chip removal groove), which facilitates the discharge of chips, especially non-powdery chips, reduces the friction heat generated by chips, and greatly reduces the situation of chips clogging the wheel and adhering to the abrasive; the fine particles of the abrasive are suitable for selection, which is conducive to the abrasive grains obtaining high pressure during engraving and improving the sharpness of the grinding wheel.

[0137] If a grinding wheel with split thin-piece teeth is used, it is conducive to achieving an orderly arrangement structure: that is, it is easy to achieve a concentration in the L direction or the line length L1 direction of the thin-piece teeth that is higher than the concentration in the thickness direction, so that the grinding wheel is not easily blocked in the circumference and the overall concentration requirements of the grinding wheel are met, thereby ensuring the life of the grinding wheel.

[0138] If a grinding wheel with split thin-piece teeth is used, it is beneficial to superimpose the application of existing technologies such as anti-deformation structure, automatic frequency vibration grinding structure, automatic mesh structure formation, and composite structure multi-function, making it easy to realize the application of micro-nano abrasive bonded grinding tools to replace free grinding;

[0139] If a grinding wheel with split thin-piece teeth is used, it is suitable for use in end face working, peripheral surface working, and composite surface working types.

[0140] The use of grinding fluid to assist processing can eliminate the adhesion of the workpiece, binder, exposed abrasive in the grinding area, and the oxide film formed on the grinding surface of the workpiece;

[0141] Using grinding fluid to assist machining, the intelligent control system can be used to control the amount of grinding fluid supplied, thereby controlling the wear rate of the bond and improving the self-sharpening performance of the grinding wheel;

[0142] If a grinding wheel with split thin-piece teeth is used, its manufacturing process can be easily simplified, suitable for automated and intelligent construction, and greatly reduce manufacturing costs.

[0143] It should be noted that the arrows in the accompanying drawings only indicate the flow direction of the liquid and have no other substantial meaning.

[0144] In addition, before processing, it is necessary to formulate the processing technology according to the characteristics of the workpiece material, select appropriate parameters and suitable grinding wheels, 2. Select coolant, 3. Select the liquid of the grinding fluid and the parameters of the abrasive.

[0145] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above and that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as illustrative and non-restrictive, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims, not the foregoing description, and all variations within the meaning and range of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included therein. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim to which it relates.

[0146] In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of implementation methods, not every implementation method contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative method of the specification is only for the sake of clarity. Those skilled in the art should regard the specification as a whole. The technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other implementation methods that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

[0147] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A superhard material abrasive tool for difficult-to-process materials, characterized in that: The invention comprises a base body (1), a pressing plate (2) and a plurality of grinding sheets (3), wherein the base body (1) is an annular structure, the plurality of grinding sheets (3) are distributed along the circumference of the base body (1) and spliced ​​into an annular structure, and a radially penetrating water groove (4) is formed between two of the grinding sheets (3); the pressing plate (2) is an annular structure, which is fixedly mounted on one end of the base body (1) and is used to tightly press the plurality of grinding sheets (3); a mixed cooling channel (5) for introducing grinding liquid and / or cooling liquid is formed between the pressing plate (2) and the base body (1), a liquid inlet connected to the mixed cooling channel (5) is formed between one end of the pressing plate (2) and one end of the base body (1), and the plurality of water grooves (4) are respectively connected to the mixed cooling channel (5); Each of the grinding sheets (3) comprises a plurality of abrasive particles, and the thickness h of each of the grinding sheets (3) and the particle size b of the abrasive particles satisfy the following relationship: b≤h<2b; The units of the thickness h of each grinding sheet (3) and the particle size b of the abrasive are dmm respectively.

2. The superhard material grinding tool for difficult-to-process materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of grinding sheets (3) are respectively distributed on the circumference of the base body (1), and one end thereof is concave near the inner side thereof to form an annular step (6); the outer side of the pressing plate (2) tightly presses the annular step (6).

3. The superhard material grinding tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The parts of the opposite sides of two adjacent grinding sheets (3) close to the inner sides thereof are respectively concave to form the water passage grooves (4), and the parts of the two sides of one of the grinding sheets (3) close to the outer side thereof are wavy and form the water passage grooves (4) between the adjacent grinding sheets (3).

4. The superhard material grinding tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The plurality of grinding sheets (3) are located at the edge of one end of the base (1), and the pressing plate (2) tightly presses the inner side of the edge of one end of the plurality of grinding sheets (3).

5. The superhard material grinding tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base body 1 (1) has a plurality of blades (7) fixedly mounted at even intervals along its circumference at a location corresponding to the mixing cooling channel (5); the plurality of blades (7) are respectively arranged perpendicular to the base body 1 (1) and respectively extend along the radial direction of the base body 1 (1).

6. The superhard material grinding tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The base body 1 (1) is also fixedly mounted with a base body 2 (8), the outer side of the base body 2 (8) extends to the outer side of the base body 1 (1) and wraps around the circumference of the base body 1 (1), and the pressure plate (2) is located between the base body 1 (1) and the base body 2 (8).

7. The superhard material grinding tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to claim 4, characterized in that: The plurality of grinding sheets (3) are grouped in pairs, and a water trough (4) with an open inner side and one end and a closed outer side is formed between the two grinding sheets (3) in each group, and a water trough (4) with an open inner side, an open outer side and one end is formed between two adjacent groups of grinding sheets (3).

8. The superhard material grinding tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that: A plurality of bosses (9) are evenly spaced and fixedly mounted on both sides of each grinding sheet (3), and each boss (9) is fitted with a corresponding side of the corresponding grinding sheet (3).

9. The superhard material grinding tool for difficult-to-machine materials according to claim 8, characterized in that: Each of the bosses (9) is in a truncated cone-shaped structure.

10. A grinding process using a superhard material grinding tool for difficult-to-machine materials as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The specific steps include: Cooling liquid is fed into the mixed cooling channel (5) through the liquid inlet, and the cooling liquid reaches the working surface of the grinding tool through a plurality of water channels (4) for cooling; At the same time, grinding liquid is fed into the mixed cooling channel (5) through the liquid inlet, and the grinding liquid reaches the grinding area of ​​the grinding tool through the multiple water channels (4) to grind the workpiece to be processed and the multiple grinding sheets (3).

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