Fine and non-destructive exploration method for stratification interface of rock and soil mass

Abstract

The present application belongs to the technical field of rock and soil structure exploration. Provided is a fine and non-destructive exploration method for a stratification interface of a rock and soil mass. An inversion operation is executed on collected electric field data of a rock and soil mass to be tested, so as to obtain the resistivity at different positions, such that a first-order difference curve of the resistivity is determined, and sawtooth points of the first-order difference curve are determined as stratification positions of said rock and soil mass. It is not necessary for a person carrying out measurement to excavate a rock and soil body to be tested, and therefore manpower and materials are greatly saved on, and the efficiency of soil layer structure exploration and the accuracy of exploration of rock and soil mass stratification are improved.

Description

Fine non-destructive detection method for rock and soil layer interface Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of rock and soil structure exploration, and particularly relates to a fine non-destructive exploration method for rock and soil layered interfaces. Background Art

[0002] At present, the hierarchical division of layered rock and soil is still widely carried out by studying the correlation factors based on layered sampling and drilling data. In actual operation, this type of method requires on-site excavation and sampling of the rock and soil to be tested, and it can only determine the rock and soil layer structure at the "point", but is powerless to reflect the structural differences on the "surface" of the layered rock and soil layer. At the same time, the existing technology is generally time-consuming and labor-intensive, and the rock and soil layer structure data obtained have large errors.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] In response to the above technical problems, the present application provides a method for fine non-destructive detection of rock and soil layer interfaces to improve the detection efficiency and accuracy of rock and soil layer interfaces.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following solutions:

[0006] A fine non-destructive exploration method for rock and soil layer interfaces, comprising:

[0007] Collect electric field data at different locations of the rock and soil to be tested;

[0008] Perform inversion operations on the electric field data to obtain the resistivity at different locations of the rock and soil to be measured;

[0009] According to the resistivity of different positions of the rock and soil body to be measured, a first-order difference curve of the resistivity of the rock and soil body to be measured is determined; each point on the first-order difference curve represents the difference in the average resistivity of the rock and soil layers at adjacent depths of the rock and soil body to be measured;

[0010] Determine the sawtooth point of the first-order difference curve and determine the sawtooth point as the layer position of the rock and soil mass to be measured.

[0011] A parallel electrical method rock and soil layer structure exploration system, comprising: an electrical method instrument, a processing device and a plurality of electrodes;

[0012] Multiple electrodes are inserted into the rock and soil to be measured;

[0013] Multiple electrodes are connected to an electrical method instrument, and the electrical method instrument is connected to a processing device;

[0014] The electrical instrument is used to control the electrodes to collect electric field data according to preset time intervals, receive the electric field data collected by the electrodes, and then send the received electric field data to the processing equipment;

[0015] The processing equipment is used to execute the above-mentioned fine non-destructive exploration method of the rock and soil layer interface.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0017] This application performs an inversion operation on the collected electric field data of the rock and soil to be measured, obtains the resistivity of different positions of the rock and soil to be measured, and thus determines the first-order difference curve of the resistivity. The sawtooth points of the first-order difference curve are determined as the stratification positions of the rock and soil to be measured. There is no need for surveyors to excavate the rock and soil to be measured, which greatly saves manpower and material resources and improves the efficiency of soil layer structure detection and the accuracy of rock and soil stratification detection.

[0018] Figures in the specification

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0020] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a first-order difference curve of Example 1;

[0021] FIG2 is a cross-sectional view of the resistivity inversion of the Wenner tripole of Example 2;

[0022] FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of the Wenner quadrupole resistivity inversion of Example 2;

[0023] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a resistivity curve of the rock and soil body to be measured in Example 2;

[0024] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the layers of the rock and soil layers to be tested in Example 3;

[0025] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a parallel electrical method rock and soil structure exploration system;

[0026] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the electrode. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0028] In order to make the objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0029] The method for fine non-destructive exploration of rock and soil layer interfaces provided in this application includes:

[0030] Step 1: Collect electric field data at different locations of the rock and soil to be tested.

[0031] Step 2: Perform inversion operation on the electric field data to obtain the resistivity at different locations of the rock and soil to be measured.

[0032] Step 3: Determine a first-order difference curve of the resistivity of the rock and soil body to be measured based on the resistivity at different positions of the rock and soil body to be measured; wherein each point on the first-order difference curve represents the difference in average resistivity of rock and soil layers at adjacent depths of the rock and soil body to be measured.

[0033] Step 4: Determine the sawtooth point of the first-order difference curve and determine the sawtooth point as the layer position of the rock and soil mass to be measured.

[0034] The following provides three different specific implementation methods of the method for fine non-destructive exploration of the rock and soil layer interface.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] The method for fine non-destructive exploration of the layered interface of rock and soil provided in this embodiment specifically includes steps S101 to S104, which correspond to steps 1 to 4 respectively.

[0037] The specific content of S101 is: collecting electric field data of the rock and soil to be measured by the AM method or the ABM method. The electric field data includes the current of the power supply circuit and the voltage of the measurement circuit at different depths of the rock and soil to be measured.

[0038] The specific contents of S102 are as follows: the inversion adopts the damped least square method with a good convergence degree to obtain the resistivity data.

[0039] The resistivity data of a position has a ordinate and abscissa, the ordinate represents the depth and the abscissa represents the horizontal position.

[0040] S103 specifically involves summing the resistivity data at the same depth, using an averaging algorithm to obtain the average resistivity at that depth, then taking the difference between the average resistivity values ​​at adjacent depths to obtain multiple difference points, and plotting a first-order difference curve. The ordinate of this first-order difference curve represents the depth of the rock mass to be measured, and the abscissa represents the difference Δρ in the average resistivity of the rock and soil layers at adjacent depths.

[0041] The specific content of S104 is as follows: Figure 1, No. 3, shows the first-order difference curve of the Wenner tripole resistivity obtained using the AM method, and No. 4 shows the first-order difference curve of the Wenner quadrupole resistivity obtained using the ABM method. The first-order difference curves obtained by the AM and ABM methods both have jagged points, which are the boundary points of the soil layers of the rock and soil to be measured.

[0042] Since the resistivity of rock and soil layers can reflect the differences in physical and hydraulic parameters between different rock and soil layers, the stratified positions of the rock and soil layers are obtained based on the resistivity of the rock and soil to be measured.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] The method for fine non-destructive exploration of the layered interface of rock and soil provided in this embodiment specifically includes: steps S201 to S205.

[0045] This embodiment differs from the first embodiment in only one point. For the similarities, please refer to the first embodiment:

[0046] The inversion operation in step S202 of this embodiment obtains a resistivity inversion profile diagram, which includes a plurality of data points for characterizing the resistivity at different positions of the rock and soil body to be measured.

[0047] Using resistivity imaging techniques such as AGI inversion software, we generate resistivity inversion profiles, as shown in Figures 2 and 3. The abscissa in Figures 2 and 3 represents the length of the horizontal survey line, while the ordinate represents the depth of the rock mass being measured. With a single data acquisition, Figures 2 and 3 provide the resistivity profile of the rock and soil layers within a specific depth range within the exploration area, rather than the resistivity values ​​at individual points as with existing techniques.

[0048] FIG4 is a resistivity curve of the rock and soil to be measured. Two adjacent data points on the curve are the average resistivity of the rock and soil layers at two adjacent depths.

[0049] Example 3

[0050] The method for fine non-destructive exploration of the layered interface of rock and soil provided in this embodiment specifically includes: steps S301 to S307.

[0051] Step S301 and step S302 correspond to steps S201 and S202 of the second embodiment respectively. The difference between this embodiment and the second embodiment is that:

[0052] S303: Segment the resistivity inversion profile according to a preset survey line length segmentation mechanism to obtain a plurality of resistivity inversion profile sub-graphs.

[0053] For example, the section of the survey line length 0-1 m is intercepted from the resistivity inversion profile shown in FIG3 as a resistivity inversion profile sub-graph.

[0054] S304: summing and averaging the values ​​of the data points at the same depth in each resistivity inversion profile sub-graph to obtain the average resistivity of the rock and soil layers at different depths of the rock and soil body to be measured corresponding to each resistivity inversion profile sub-graph.

[0055] S305: Obtain a resistivity curve corresponding to each resistivity inversion profile subgraph, and perform first-order difference on the average resistivity of rock and soil layers at adjacent depths on the resistivity curve corresponding to each resistivity inversion profile subgraph to obtain a first-order difference curve corresponding to each resistivity inversion profile subgraph.

[0056] S306: mapping the sawtooth points of the first-order difference curve corresponding to each resistivity inversion profile sub-graph to the resistivity inversion profile graph, and obtaining first data points corresponding to the sawtooth points on multiple resistivity inversion profile graphs.

[0057] S307: Determine the layer position of the rock and soil body to be measured based on all first data points on the resistivity inversion profile.

[0058] The first data points with the same or similar values ​​are connected to obtain the stratification position of the rock and soil body to be measured. The stratification line shown in Figure 5 indicates the stratification position of the rock and soil body to be measured, which allows the user to intuitively know the soil layer structure of the rock and soil body to be measured, greatly improving the user's experience in exploring the soil layer structure, and also improving the accuracy of exploring the rock and soil layer stratification.

[0059] After collecting the electric field data, the apparent resistivity profile of the rock and soil body to be measured can also be obtained based on the electric field data. The apparent resistivity profile includes multiple data points for characterizing the apparent resistivity at different positions of the rock and soil body to be measured. Then, combined with the first data point on the resistivity inversion profile, a comprehensive consideration is made to determine the stratified position of the rock and soil body to be measured, so as to reduce the error caused by blindly relying on the curve graph to divide the layered rock and soil layers into layers.

[0060] The method proposed in the present invention can be used for soil layer structure exploration of rock and soil bodies to be tested in the fields of farmland, reclamation rock and soil layers in collapsed areas, reservoir dam bodies, high-voltage power grounding, roadbeds, architectural design, etc.

[0061] In order to implement the above-mentioned method, a parallel electrical method rock and soil layer structure exploration system is provided below, as shown in Figure 6, comprising: an electrical instrument, a processing device, and a plurality of electrodes. The plurality of electrodes are inserted into the rock and soil to be tested. The plurality of electrodes are connected to the electrical instrument, and the electrical instrument is connected to the processing device. The electrical instrument is used to control the electrodes to collect electric field data at preset time intervals, receive the electric field data collected by the electrodes, and then send the received electric field data to the processing device. The processing device is used to execute the aforementioned method for fine non-destructive exploration of the rock and soil layer interface.

[0062] Specifically, the number of electrodes is 64, and the processing equipment is a computer, server, host, or other device capable of processing the electric field data transmitted by the electrical instrument. The instrument uses a pseudo-seismic data acquisition method and a multiple overlay system to simultaneously collect multiple potential data. Under the control of the electrical instrument, the 64 electrodes exchange power supply and measurement functions.

[0063] The processing equipment is also used to read the collected electric field data, import coordinates, decode, and remove distortion points, and extract the corresponding device type data body as needed: the AM method extracts data from two-electrode or three-electrode devices; the ABM method extracts data from four-electrode devices.

[0064] The embodiments of the present invention are described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation methods. The above-mentioned specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Under the guidance of the present invention, ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms without departing from the scope of protection of the purpose of the present invention and the claims, which are all protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for fine non-destructive exploration of rock and soil layer interface, characterized in that: The method comprises: Collect electric field data at different positions of the rock and soil to be tested; Perform inversion operation on the electric field data to obtain the resistivity of different positions of the rock and soil to be measured; According to the resistivity of different positions of the rock and soil body to be measured, a first-order difference curve of the resistivity of the rock and soil body to be measured is determined; wherein each point on the first-order difference curve represents the difference in average resistivity of rock and soil layers at adjacent depths of the rock and soil body to be measured; Determine the sawtooth points of the first-order difference curve and determine the sawtooth points as the stratification positions of the rock and soil mass to be tested.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Collect electric field data at different locations of the rock and soil to be tested, including: The electric field data at different positions of the rock and soil to be measured are collected by the AM method or the ABM method; the electric field data include the current of the power supply circuit and the voltage of the measurement circuit at different depths of the rock and soil to be measured.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: Perform inversion operations on the electric field data to obtain the resistivity of different locations of the rock and soil to be measured, including: The damped least squares method is used to perform inversion operation on the electric field data to obtain the resistivity at different positions of the rock and soil to be tested.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that: Determine the first-order difference curve of the resistivity of the rock and soil to be tested, including: Sum and average the resistivity at the same depth to obtain the average resistivity at each depth of the rock and soil mass to be tested; The first-order difference of the average resistivity of two adjacent depths is performed to obtain the first-order difference curve of the resistivity of the rock and soil body to be measured.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that Perform inversion operations on the electric field data to obtain the resistivity of different locations of the rock and soil to be measured, including: The resistivity imaging technology is used to perform an inversion operation on the electric field data to obtain a resistivity inversion profile of the rock and soil body to be measured; wherein the resistivity inversion profile includes a plurality of data points for characterizing the resistivity at different positions of the rock and soil body to be measured.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Determine the first-order difference curve of the resistivity of the rock and soil to be tested, including: The resistivity at the same depth in the resistivity inversion profile is summed and averaged to obtain the average resistivity at each depth of the rock and soil body to be measured; The first-order difference of the average resistivity of two adjacent depths is performed to obtain the first-order difference curve of the resistivity of the rock and soil body to be measured.

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that Determine the first-order difference curve of the resistivity of the rock and soil to be tested, including: The resistivity inversion profile is segmented according to a preset survey line length segmentation mechanism to obtain multiple resistivity inversion profile sub-images; The resistivity at the same depth in each resistivity inversion profile sub-image is summed and averaged to obtain the average resistivity of the rock and soil layer at different depths of the rock and soil body to be tested corresponding to each resistivity inversion profile sub-image; As the ground gradually extends underground, the average resistivity of the rock and soil layers at different depths is connected in sequence, and the resistivity curve corresponding to each resistivity inversion profile sub-graph is drawn; The first-order difference of the average resistivity of the rock and soil layers at adjacent depths on the resistivity curve corresponding to each resistivity inversion profile sub-image is performed to obtain the first-order difference curve corresponding to each resistivity inversion profile sub-image.

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that The sawtooth points are determined as the layered positions of the rock and soil mass to be tested, including: Corresponding the sawtooth points of the first-order difference curve corresponding to each resistivity inversion profile sub-image to the resistivity inversion profile image, and obtaining a plurality of data points corresponding to the sawtooth points on the resistivity inversion profile image; The data points within the preset depth range are connected to obtain the layered position of the rock and soil body to be measured.

9. A parallel electrical method rock and soil layer structure exploration system, characterized in that: include: Electrical apparatus, processing equipment and multiple electrodes; Multiple electrodes are inserted into the rock and soil to be tested; Multiple electrodes are connected to an electrical method instrument, and the electrical method instrument is connected to a processing device; The electrical instrument is used to control the electrodes to collect electric field data at preset time intervals, receive the electric field data collected by the electrodes, and then send the received electric field data to the processing device; The processing equipment is used to execute the method for fine non-destructive detection of the layered interface of rock and soil bodies as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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