Coating composition, material product thereof, kit, and use method

Abstract

A coating composition, a material product thereof, a kit, and a use method therefor, which have the features of being environmentally friendly and highly efficient in application. The coating composition comprises a main agent A and a curing agent B, wherein the main agent A comprises a silane oxide group-containing silane small molecules and / or silane oxide group-containing silane oligomers, and the curing agent B comprises isocyanate group-containing small molecules and / or polymers containing at least one isocyanate group. With the participation of water molecules, the coating composition undergoes cross-linking and curing to form a paint film having excellent physical and chemical properties. The material product based on the coating composition, the kit, and the use method are suitable for various industrial and commercial applications.

Description

Coating compositions, materials, kits, and methods of use thereof

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202410904143.9, filed on July 5, 2024, entitled “Coating Composition, Material Articles, Kits and Methods of Use Thereof”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the field of coatings and paints, and in particular to a coating composition and a material product, a kit and a use method thereof. Background Art

[0003] Coating composition systems include epoxy resin systems, polyurethane systems, and polyurea systems. Among them, polyurethane coatings exhibit good adhesion, toughness, water resistance, chemical resistance, UV resistance, and weather resistance on many substrates (such as metal, wood, leather, masonry, etc.). However, the vast majority of polyurethane coatings require the participation of solvents during the synthesis process. Because the organic solvents used in the synthesis of traditional polyurethane coatings are highly volatile, they affect human health and environmental safety. Therefore, some research focuses on the research and application of water-based polyurethane coatings, but not all polymers are completely soluble in water, and the high latent heat of evaporation of water complicates the coating solidification and drying process. For this reason, many studies have focused on the realization of high-solid content, ultra-high solid content, and even solvent-free polyurethanes.

[0004] However, due to the high viscosity of general solvent-free polyurethane systems, there are problems such as short operation time (<30 minutes) due to rapid heat release and side reactions, coating foaming failure, serious coating surface defects, or even no curing.

[0005] Therefore, the industry still has a great demand for coating compositions with good comprehensive performance (such as high corrosion resistance and high weather resistance), convenient construction (such as low viscosity and sprayability, controllable operation time), and environmental protection (low VOC emissions).

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of existing coating compositions, the present invention provides a novel coating composition that offers the advantages of strong operability (low viscosity for easy spraying, adjustable curing rate, and controllable operating time), environmental friendliness, and the comprehensive performance of the cured paint film (high corrosion resistance, high weather resistance, and high substrate adhesion). Furthermore, the present invention provides material products, kits, and methods of use based on this coating composition.

[0008] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a coating composition comprising the following components:

[0009] Main agent A, said main agent A comprises silane small molecules containing silane alkoxy groups and / or silane oligomers containing silane alkoxy groups, and

[0010] Curing agent B, wherein the curing agent B includes a small molecule containing an isocyanate group and / or a polymer whose monomer contains at least one isocyanate group.

[0011] Furthermore, the coating composition of the present invention also satisfies at least one or more of the following conditions:

[0012] The molar ratio of the silane group in the main agent A to the isocyanate group in the curing agent B is 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1.2 to 3, 1.5 to 3;

[0013] The coating composition remains liquid in an anhydrous environment;

[0014] At room temperature and pressure in the absence of a catalyst, the silane small molecule containing a silanoxy group and / or the silane oligomer containing a silanoxy group does not undergo a one-step addition reaction with the small molecule containing an isocyanate group and / or the polymer containing at least one isocyanate group;

[0015] The silane small molecules containing silane alkoxy groups and / or the silane oligomers containing silane alkoxy groups do not contain active hydrogen;

[0016] The coating composition further comprises a catalyst C, wherein the catalyst C comprises at least one catalyst capable of catalyzing an addition reaction between a hydroxyl group of an alkyl alcohol and an isocyanate group; or

[0017] The coating composition further comprises a functional component D, which comprises a component having toughening, plasticizing or compatibilizing functions, and the component having toughening, plasticizing or compatibilizing functions comprises hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, hydroxyl acrylic resin or bisphenol A epoxy resin.

[0018] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned coating composition of the present invention, the main agent A may additionally satisfy at least one or more of the following conditions:

[0019] It is liquid in the range of -50℃ to 90℃;

[0020] The silane small molecule containing a silicon alkoxy group is selected from at least one of alkoxysilanes containing a saturated alkyl group, alkoxysilanes containing an ester group, alkoxysilanes containing an aromatic hydrocarbon group, alkoxysilanes containing an unsaturated hydrocarbon group, or alkoxysilanes containing an epoxy group; preferably, selected from methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, glycidyl ether propyltrimethoxysilane, methyltrimethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, methylphenyldimethoxysilane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, One or more of methoxysilane, methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, vinyltriethoxysilane, phenyltriethoxysilane, glycidyl ether propyltriethoxysilane, methyltriethoxysilane, dimethyldiethoxysilane, diphenyldiethoxysilane, or methylphenyldiethoxysilane; more preferably, one or more of vinyltrimethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, glycidyl ether propyltrimethoxysilane, or phenyltrimethoxysilane;

[0021] The silane oligomer containing silane alkoxy groups is polymerized from at least one monomer containing silane alkoxy groups, and has a degree of polymerization of 2 to 20;

[0022] The viscosity of the silane oligomer containing silaneoxy groups at 25° C. is in the range of 10 centipoise to 10,000 centipoise; or

[0023] The silane oligomer containing a silicon alkoxy group is formed by polymerizing one or more monomers selected from alkoxysilanes containing a saturated alkyl group, alkoxysilanes containing an ester group, alkoxysilanes containing an aromatic hydrocarbon group, alkoxysilanes containing an unsaturated hydrocarbon group, or alkoxysilanes containing an epoxy group. Preferably, it is formed by polymerizing one or more monomers selected from vinyltrimethoxysilane, dimethyldimethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, glycidyl ether propyltrimethoxysilane, and phenyltrimethoxysilane.

[0024] Furthermore, in the coating composition of the present invention, the curing agent B may additionally satisfy at least one or more of the following conditions:

[0025] It is liquid in the range of -50℃ to 100℃;

[0026] The small molecule containing an isocyanate group is selected from aromatic isocyanate or aliphatic isocyanate;

[0027] The polymer containing at least one isocyanate group is selected from aromatic isocyanate polymers or aliphatic isocyanate polymers;

[0028] The polymer, wherein the monomer contains at least one isocyanate group, has a viscosity of less than 10,000 centipoise at 40°C; or

[0029] The monomers of the polymer contain at least one isocyanate group and have a molecular weight of 150 to 5000 grams per mole.

[0030] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned coating composition of the present invention, the coating composition further comprises a catalyst C, and the catalyst C may additionally satisfy at least one or more of the following conditions:

[0031] The catalyst C is a polyurethane catalyst, preferably a metal salt polyurethane catalyst or a tertiary amine polyurethane catalyst; or

[0032] The catalyst C is a catalyst with a delay function, and is preferably a composition formed by a metal salt polyurethane catalyst and a complexing agent.

[0033] The present invention also provides another coating composition, which comprises:

[0034] Main agent A, the main agent A includes one or more of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, phenyltrimethoxysilane, vinyltrimethoxysilane, glycidyl ether propyltrimethoxysilane,

[0035] Curing agent B, wherein the curing agent B includes one or more of diphenylmethane diisocyanate or a polymer thereof, hexamethylene diisocyanate or a polymer thereof, or toluene diisocyanate or a polymer thereof,

[0036] Catalyst C, comprising one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL), 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol (DMP-30), or 1,8-diazacyclo[5,4,0]undecene-7 (DBU);

[0037] Wherein, the molar amount of silaneoxy groups in the main agent A: the molar amount of isocyanate groups in the curing agent B = 1: (0.1-1);

[0038] The mass ratio of the catalyst C to the coating composition is no more than 5%, preferably no more than 1%, and more preferably no more than 0.2%.

[0039] The present invention also provides another coating composition, which comprises:

[0040] Main agent A, said main agent A comprises silane small molecules containing silane alkoxy groups and / or silane oligomers containing silane alkoxy groups, and

[0041] Curing agent B, wherein the curing agent B includes aromatic isocyanate and / or a polymer thereof.

[0042] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned coating composition of the present invention, under normal temperature and pressure and in the absence of a catalyst, the silane small molecules containing silanol groups and / or silane oligomers containing silanol groups do not undergo a one-step addition reaction with the aromatic isocyanate and / or its polymer.

[0043] The present invention also provides a coating material product, comprising a substrate and a coating in contact with the surface of the substrate, wherein the coating is prepared in an aqueous environment based on the coating composition provided by the present invention.

[0044] The present invention also provides a coating kit comprising the components of the coating composition provided by the present invention, wherein the components are physically independent of each other, or a mixture of some components is physically independent of other components. Preferably, the main agent A and the curing agent B are physically independent of each other (e.g., separately packaged).

[0045] The coating kit may further include a substrate; optionally, the coating kit may further include an instruction manual.

[0046] The present invention also provides a method for using the above coating composition, comprising the step of coating the coating composition provided by the present invention on the surface of a substrate in an aqueous environment.

[0047] The present invention also provides a product coated with a coating prepared based on the above method.

[0048] The technical solution provided by the present invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects:

[0049] (1) One of the substrates that triggers the reaction is water, especially water vapor in the air. Before the coating construction, theoretically, the material does not undergo a major reaction in the barrel, which prevents the material from cross-linking too quickly in the barrel, thereby achieving the advantages of low viscosity, good construction performance, and sprayability;

[0050] (2) The invention cleverly utilizes the reaction between silane condensation product alkyl alcohol and isocyanate to transfer the alkoxy group to the urethane group through exchange, thus solving the problem of alkyl alcohol emission, the main VOC emission in the reaction process of commercially available mature condensation-type silicone polymers; the optimized formula of the invention can achieve a theoretical VOC of 0;

[0051] (3) Isocyanate curing agents integrate the formula advantages of polyurethane systems, with adjustable operation time and curing speed and a variety of catalyst types;

[0052] (4) Through reasonable component selection, the weather resistance of the paint film can be effectively guaranteed, and the gloss and color can be retained (≈ fluorocarbon or slightly lower > polyurethane);

[0053] (5) Through reasonable component selection, the anti-corrosion performance of the paint film can be effectively guaranteed, and it is resistant to salt spray, water, and chemical media, and meets the standards of the container industry;

[0054] (6) Raw materials are in sufficient supply and at low prices. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0055] FIG1 is a flow chart of a typical process for producing and using a coating composition. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The following is a clear and complete description of the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0057] The technical solutions between the various embodiments in the present invention can be combined with each other, but they must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0058] The "composition" referred to in the present invention is composed of two or more components, and can be a mixture mixed together or a physically independent combination of the components.

[0059] The "kit" referred to in the present invention consists of two or more parts, each part being a physically independent combination, or a mixture of some components and a physically independent combination of other components.

[0060] The term "coating" as used herein includes any method of applying the coating composition to the surface of the substrate, such as spraying, brushing, rolling, casting, etc. Those skilled in the art can determine the coating composition based on the characteristics of the coating composition, the desired coating properties, the application environment, and cost-effectiveness.

[0061] The "silanol group" referred to in the present invention refers to an alkoxy functional group directly covalently bonded to a silicon atom.

[0062] The "normal temperature and normal pressure" referred to in the present invention refers to a temperature of 25 degrees Celsius and a pressure of 101.325 kPa (1 standard atmosphere, 760 mmHg).

[0063] The "active hydrogen" referred to in the present invention refers to hydrogen atoms that can participate in chemical reactions under normal temperature and pressure in the absence of a catalyst.

[0064] As used herein, "workable time" refers to the time period during which a coating composition can be handled or processed after application. Those skilled in the art can determine this time period as needed using conventional methods. The specific time period may vary depending on the coating composition's component types, testing methods, application scenarios, and manufacturer specifications.

[0065] As used herein, "cure rate" refers to the rate at which a coating composition cures or hardens after application and can be used to describe the time required for the coating composition to cure into a paint film after application. Generally speaking, in addition to being affected by the coating composition's inherent properties, the cure rate is also affected by environmental factors such as temperature, humidity, and ventilation. Generally, higher temperatures, higher humidity, and adequate ventilation accelerate the cure rate of a coating composition.

[0066] The "finger-press dry time" referred to in the present invention is the time taken to assess the surface dryness by pressing the coating surface with one's fingers and feeling whether it still has a sticky or tacky feeling.

[0067] The "complete curing time" referred to in the present invention refers to the time required for the organic volatile components in the coating to have basically evaporated and the cross-linking and curing reaction of the coating components to be completed for the most part (or all), and the degree of curing of the coating to have reached the expected use target, that is, the paint film performance has reached or exceeded the expected target value.

[0068] In the present invention, expressions related to numerical ranges are generally understood to include the endpoint values ​​(the actual number), except for those explicitly expressed as "greater than (>)" or "less than (<)". For example, the term "not more than" as used herein includes the endpoint values, i.e., is less than or equal to a certain endpoint value; "A to B" or "A~B" includes the endpoint values ​​A and B.

[0069] In some embodiments, the coating composition provided by the present invention includes the following components:

[0070] The main agent A includes a silane small molecule containing a silane group and / or a silane oligomer containing a silane group, and the curing agent B includes a small molecule containing an isocyanate group and / or a polymer whose monomer contains at least one isocyanate group; wherein the molar ratio of the silane group in the main agent A to the isocyanate group in the curing agent B is 1 to 10.

[0071] In some specific embodiments, the above coating composition provided by the present invention further comprises:

[0072] Catalyst C comprises at least one catalyst capable of catalyzing the addition reaction between the hydroxyl group of alkyl alcohol and the isocyanate group.

[0073] In some specific embodiments, the curing agent B includes aromatic isocyanate and / or a polymer thereof.

[0074] In some embodiments, the coating composition provided by the present invention includes the following components:

[0075] The main agent A includes a silane small molecule containing a silane group and / or a silane oligomer containing a silane group, and the curing agent B includes a small molecule containing an isocyanate group and / or a polymer whose monomer contains at least one isocyanate group; wherein the silane small molecule containing a silane group and / or the silane oligomer containing a silane group in the main agent A does not contain active hydrogen that can undergo a one-step addition reaction with the small molecule containing an isocyanate group and / or the polymer whose monomer contains at least one isocyanate group in the curing agent B.

[0076] In some specific embodiments, the above coating composition provided by the present invention further comprises:

[0077] Catalyst C comprises at least one catalyst capable of catalyzing the addition reaction between the hydroxyl group of alkyl alcohol and the isocyanate group.

[0078] In some specific embodiments, curing agent B includes aromatic isocyanate and / or a polymer thereof.

[0079] In some embodiments, under normal temperature and pressure and in the absence of a catalyst, the silane small molecules containing silanoxy groups and / or silane oligomers containing silanoxy groups in the main agent A and the small molecules containing isocyanate groups and / or the polymer containing at least one isocyanate group in the curing agent B do not undergo a one-step addition reaction;

[0080] In some embodiments, the silane small molecules containing silane alkoxy groups and / or the silane oligomers containing silane alkoxy groups of the main agent A do not contain active hydrogen;

[0081] In some embodiments, the solvent-free composition remains liquid in a non-aqueous environment. Specifically, when the coating composition is in a single mixed form, it remains liquid in a non-aqueous environment.

[0082] According to some embodiments of the technical solution provided by the present invention, the main agent A mainly includes silane small molecules containing silaneoxy groups and / or silane oligomers containing silaneoxy groups, which are the main raw material components for forming the paint film after cross-linking and curing.

[0083] In some embodiments, the main agent A is in liquid form within a temperature range of -50°C to 90°C.

[0084] In some embodiments, the silane small molecule containing a silane alkoxy group is selected from at least one of an alkoxysilane having a saturated alkyl group, an alkoxysilane having an ester group, an alkoxysilane having an aromatic hydrocarbon group, an alkoxysilane having an unsaturated hydrocarbon group, or an alkoxysilane having an epoxy group; preferably, selected from methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH570), phenyltrimethoxysilane (KH631), vinyltrimethoxysilane (A171), glycidyl ether propyltrimethoxy (KH560), methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS), dimethyldimethoxysilane, methylphenyldimethoxysilane, diphenyldimethoxysilane, polyalkyl (C n H 2n+1 , n≤16) one or more of trimethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane, vinyl triethoxysilane, phenyl triethoxysilane, glycidyl ether propyl triethoxysilane, methyl triethoxysilane, dimethyl diethoxysilane, diphenyl diethoxysilane or methyl phenyl diethoxysilane; more preferably, one or more selected from vinyl trimethoxysilane (A171), dimethyl dimethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (KH570), glycidyl ether propyl trimethoxysilane (KH560), phenyl trimethoxysilane (KH631).

[0085] In some embodiments, the silane oligomer containing a silane alkoxy group is selected from a polymer formed by polymerizing one or more monomers selected from alkoxysilanes having a saturated alkyl group, alkoxysilanes having an ester group, alkoxysilanes having an aromatic hydrocarbon group, alkoxysilanes having an unsaturated hydrocarbon group, or alkoxysilanes having an epoxy group; preferably, it is a polymer formed by polymerizing one or more monomers selected from vinyltrimethoxysilane (A171), dimethyldimethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH570), glycidyl ether propyltrimethoxysilane (KH560), and phenyltrimethoxysilane (KH631).

[0086] In some embodiments, the silane oligomer containing silane alkoxy groups is selected from polymers having a degree of polymerization of 2 to 20 and a viscosity ranging from 10 to 10,000 centipoise at 25°C, preferably a polymer having a viscosity ranging from 10 to 5,000 centipoise at 25°C.

[0087] In some embodiments, the silane oligomer containing a silane alkoxy group may be selected from compounds formed and defined by the following structural formula (A1, A2, or the product of further condensation between A1 and A2 molecules):

[0088] Wherein, 2≤n≤20, M may be methyl or ethyl, and Ra may independently be at least one of methacryloyloxypropyl, phenyl, vinyl, (2,3-epoxypropyloxy)propyl, alkyl, ester, ether, urea, epoxy, or hydrocarbon groups.

[0089] According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, wherein, curing agent B mainly comprises small molecules containing isocyanate groups and / or monomers containing at least one isocyanate group polymer. Curing agent, also known as hardener, curing agent or curing agent, is a type of substance or mixture that promotes or controls the curing reaction. Resin curing is a process in which thermosetting resin undergoes irreversible changes through chemical reactions such as condensation, ring closure, addition or catalysis, and curing is accomplished by adding a curing (cross-linking) agent. Curing agent is an indispensable additive, and curing agent must be added whether it is used as an adhesive, coating, or castable. The type of curing agent has a great influence on the mechanical properties, heat resistance, water resistance, corrosion resistance, etc. of the cured product.

[0090] In some embodiments, curing agent B is liquid in the range of -50°C to 100°C.

[0091] In some embodiments, the small molecule containing an isocyanate group may be selected from aromatic isocyanates or aliphatic isocyanates; the polymer having at least one isocyanate group in its monomer may be selected from aromatic isocyanate polymers or aliphatic isocyanate polymers;

[0092] In some embodiments, the small molecule containing an isocyanate group is preferably selected from aromatic isocyanates, and the polymer having at least one isocyanate group in its monomer is preferably selected from aromatic isocyanate polymers;

[0093] In some embodiments, the polymer containing at least one isocyanate group has a viscosity at 25° C. of less than 10,000 centipoise, preferably less than 3000 centipoise;

[0094] In some embodiments, the molecular weight of the polymer containing at least one isocyanate group is selected from 150 to 5000 grams per mole, preferably from 150 to 2000 grams per mole.

[0095] In some embodiments, the amounts of the main agent A and the curing agent B are determined based on the relative contents of the key reactive groups therein. For example, the molar ratio of the silane groups in the main agent A to the isocyanate groups in the curing agent B in the composition can be in the range of 1 to 10, preferably 1 to 5, more preferably 1.5 to 3, or 1.2 to 3.

[0096] According to the technical solution provided by the present invention, the catalyst C is mainly used to catalyze the addition reaction between the hydroxyl group of the alkyl alcohol and the isocyanate group, thereby regulating the rate of the curing process. As for the type or amount of the catalyst, those skilled in the art can freely choose according to the needs of the actual use scenario in combination with their professional knowledge. For example, in some scenarios where slow curing is required, it is possible to choose not to add catalyst C, add a relatively small amount of catalyst C, or choose to add catalyst C with lower catalytic efficiency; and in some scenarios where rapid curing is required, it is possible to choose to add a relatively large amount of catalyst C or choose to add catalyst C with relatively higher catalytic efficiency.

[0097] In some embodiments, catalyst C can be selected from a polyurethane catalyst, preferably a metal salt polyurethane catalyst (such as organic tin, organic bismuth, organic zirconium, organic cobalt, etc.) or a tertiary amine polyurethane catalyst (such as 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol (DMP-30), or 1,8-diazacyclo[5,4,0]undecene-7 (DBU)).

[0098] In some embodiments, the catalyst C is selected from a catalyst having a delay function, preferably a composition formed by a metal salt polyurethane catalyst and a complexing agent thereof;

[0099] In some embodiments, the complexing agent is a component that has a complexing effect with the metal salt polyurethane catalyst, preferably some volatile, low-toxic and environmentally friendly components, such as acetylacetone, methyl acetoacetate or ethyl acetoacetate;

[0100] In some specific embodiments, the mass ratio of the metal salt polyurethane catalyst to its complexing agent is 1:(1-1000), preferably 1:(10-1000), and more preferably 1:(50-500). For example, if the metal salt polyurethane catalyst is dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL) and the complexing agent is acetylacetone, the mass ratio of the metal salt polyurethane catalyst to its complexing agent is 1:(10-1000), preferably 1:(50-500).

[0101] In some embodiments, the amount of catalyst C can be determined based on the amount of main agent A or curing agent B. For example, the mass ratio of catalyst C to the coating composition can be no more than 5%, preferably no more than 1%, and more preferably no more than 0.2%.

[0102] In some specific embodiments, the coating composition provided by the present invention comprises the following components:

[0103] Main agent A includes one or more of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH570), phenyltrimethoxysilane (KH631), vinyltrimethoxysilane (A171), and glycidyl ether propyltrimethoxysilane (KH560).

[0104] Curing agent B includes one or more of diphenylmethane diisocyanate (MDI) or its polymer, hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI) or its polymer, or toluene diisocyanate or its polymer,

[0105] Catalyst C, comprising one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL), 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol (DMP-30), or 1,8-diazacyclo[5,4,0]undecene-7 (DBU);

[0106] Among them, the molar amount of silaneoxy groups in the main agent A: the molar amount of isocyanate groups in the curing agent B = 1: (0.1-1);

[0107] The mass ratio of the catalyst C to the coating composition is no more than 5%, preferably no more than 1%, and more preferably no more than 0.2%.

[0108] It can be understood that in some embodiments, the main agent A, the curing agent B or the catalyst C can be independently composed of a single substance, or can be a mixture of two or more substances.

[0109] It is understood that, in some embodiments, the "coating composition" referred to in the present invention can be used to prepare a high-solid coating composition, an ultra-high-solid coating composition, and / or a solvent-free coating composition, and is particularly suitable for preparing an ultra-high-solid coating composition or a solvent-free coating composition. For example, in one embodiment, the main agent A is selected from a low-volatility silane (such as methacryloxypropyltriethoxysilane, epoxypropyltriethoxysilane) or a silane oligomer with extremely low VOC emissions, and the ratio of the silane group of the main agent A to the isocyanate group of the curing agent B is close to 1. By appropriately adjusting the ratio of the VOC-free component, a solvent-free coating composition can be prepared.

[0110] It should be noted that the selection or addition of specific components in the coating composition has different effects on the curing process (such as finger-drying time, curing temperature, etc.) and the properties of the paint film finally formed by curing (such as weather resistance, corrosion resistance, plasticization and volume expansion properties, etc.). Therefore, those skilled in the art can select or adjust the specific components of the coating composition according to the specific actual usage scenarios or usage requirements.

[0111] In some embodiments, for the weathering or anti-corrosion scenario of the paint film, the main agent A can be selected from methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH570); for the room temperature curing scenario, the main agent A can be selected from phenyltrimethoxysilane (KH631); for the low viscosity + low temperature curing scenario, the main agent A can be selected from silanes with a high silaneoxy content, preferably from vinyltrimethoxysilane (A171); for the difficult-to-attach substrate (such as a nylon substrate) scenario, the main agent A can be selected from a silane component rich in epoxy groups, preferably from a mixture of methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (KH570) and glycidyl ether propyltrimethoxysilane (KH560), and the usage ratio is KH570:KH560=75~100%:0~25%. For the scenario of room temperature / low temperature curing + difficult-to-attach substrate, the main agent A can be selected from a mixture of methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane (KH570), phenyl trimethoxysilane (KH631), and glycidyl ether propyl trimethoxysilane (KH560), and the usage ratio is KH570: KH631: KH560 = 50-100%: 0-25%: 0-25%, and the preferred usage ratio is KH570: KH631: KH560 = 80-100%: 0-10%: 0-10%; for the scenario of low temperature curing + no methanol emission, the main agent A can be selected from a mixture of methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane, phenyl triethoxysilane, and glycidyl ether propyl triethoxysilane, and the usage ratio is methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane: phenyl triethoxysilane: glycidyl ether propyl triethoxysilane. Glyceryl ether propyl triethoxysilane = 0-50%: 50-100%: 0-50%, preferably the amount ratio is methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane: phenyl triethoxysilane: glycidyl ether propyl triethoxysilane = 0-25%: 50-100%: 0-25%; for high temperature curing + no methanol emission (for example, >80°C) scenario, the main agent A can be selected from a silane component with low volatility, preferably a mixture of methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane and glycidyl ether propyl triethoxysilane, and the amount ratio is methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane: glycidyl ether propyl triethoxysilane = 0-50%: 50-100%, preferably the amount ratio is methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane: glycidyl ether propyl triethoxysilane = 0-30%: 70-100%. The usage ratio of each component in the main agent A is determined based on the molar amount of the silaneoxy group in each component molecule.

[0112] In some embodiments, for the paint film weathering scenario, curing agent B can be selected from aliphatic isocyanates and / or polymers thereof, such as HDI trimers or HDI uretdione curing agents, such as 1,6-hexamethylene diisocyanate and its prepolymers (such as Covestro N3300, N3600, N3400), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI) and its prepolymers, dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (HMDI) and its prepolymers, or toluene diisocyanate TDI and its prepolymers (such as Covestro E14, E15); for the paint film corrosion protection scenario, curing agent B can be selected from aromatic isocyanates and / or polymers thereof, such as MDI polymers or modified MDI prepolymers, such as polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate (such as Wanhua Chemical PM200), or diphenylmethane diisocyanate or its polymers (such as Covestro E21, or Covestro CDC).

[0113] In some specific embodiments, for high weather resistance scenarios, curing agent B can be a mixture of N3300, N3600, and N3400, and the usage ratio is N3300: N3600: N3400 = 50-100%: 0-50%: 0-25%, and the preferred usage ratio is N3300: N3600: N3400 = 50-100%: 0-25%: 0-10%; for high corrosion resistance scenarios, curing agent B can be a mixture of PM200, E21, and N3300, and the usage ratio is PM200: E21: N3300 = 50-100%: 0-50%: 0-50%, and the preferred usage ratio is PM200: E21: N3300 = 80-100%: 0-20%: 0-20%. The usage ratio of each component in the above curing agent B is determined based on the molar amount of the isocyanate group in each component molecule.

[0114] In some embodiments, particularly for scenarios requiring slow curing, such as requiring the coating composition to naturally and slowly cure within a desired time after coating, the curing agent B is preferably an aromatic isocyanate and / or a polymer thereof, more preferably an MDI polymer or a modified MDI prepolymer, such as polymethylene polyphenyl isocyanate (e.g., Wanhua Chemical PM200) or diphenylmethane diisocyanate or a polymer thereof (e.g., Covestro E21). Generally, in such scenarios, the catalyst component C can be omitted as desired.

[0115] In some embodiments, for operation-friendly (e.g., long operation time) scenarios, catalyst C can be selected from a mixture of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL) and acetylacetone; and for scenarios with fast curing requirements, catalyst C can be selected from tertiary amine polyurethane catalysts, such as 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol (DMP-30) or 1,8-diazacyclo[5,4,0]undecene-7 (DBU).

[0116] In some specific embodiments, when catalyst C is selected from dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL), the mass ratio of its usage to the coating composition is in the range of 0.01‰ to 10‰, preferably in the range of 0.1‰ to 1‰; when catalyst C is selected from a mixture of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL) and acetylacetone, the mass ratio of dibutyltin dilaurate (DBTL): acetylacetone is 1:(10~1000), preferably 1:(50~500).

[0117] In some embodiments, a functional component D may be added to the coating composition to provide the coating composition with auxiliary functions such as regulating reaction crosslinking, enhancing adhesion to the substrate, improving substrate wetting, plasticization, compatibilization, toughening, leveling, anti-sagging, improving the gloss of the paint film, and satisfying the special functions of the coating.

[0118] In some specific embodiments, the functional component D may be a component having toughening, plasticizing or compatibilizing functions, preferably hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) or hydroxyl acrylic resin.

[0119] In other specific embodiments, the functional component D can be various common additives for enhancing / improving coating properties, such as ultraviolet light absorbers and / or antioxidants, wherein the ultraviolet light absorber can be selected from BASF Tinuvin 99-2, Tinuvin 384-2, Tinuvin 928, Tinuvin 1130, Tinuvin CaroProtect, Tinuvin 400, Tinuvin 477, or Tinuvin 479, and the antioxidant can be selected from Antioxidant 264 (BHT), BASF Tinuvin 123, Tinuvin 249, Tinuvin 292, or Tinuvin 5151, etc.

[0120] In some embodiments, for scenarios requiring plasticization and weather resistance, the functional component D can be selected from hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) having a molecular weight of 100 to 2000 grams per mole, preferably a molecular weight of 100 to 500 grams per mole; for scenarios requiring plasticization and compatibilization, the functional component D can be selected from hydroxyl acrylic resin; for scenarios requiring cross-linking / assisted film formation, the functional component D can be selected from bisphenol A glycidyl ether type epoxy resin, such as a combination of one or more of E51, E44, E20, or E12.

[0121] In some specific embodiments, when the functional component D is selected from hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), the mass ratio of its usage to the coating composition is in the range of 0 to 30%, preferably in the range of 2 to 20%, and more preferably in the range of 1 to 10%; when the functional component D is selected from hydroxyl acrylic resin, the mass ratio of its usage to the coating composition is in the range of 0.1 to 30%, preferably in the range of 1 to 10%.

[0122] In some embodiments, the functional component D may include common coating additives, such as pigments, fillers, dispersants, thickeners, or defoamers.

[0123] It is understood that the present invention does not limit the type or content of the functional component D in the provided coating composition. Those skilled in the art can freely select the functional component D based on their professional knowledge and the needs of the actual application scenario. For example, a specific type of substance with a specific auxiliary function can be added, or a mixture of several types with the same or different auxiliary functions can be added.

[0124] It should be noted that the coating composition of the present invention may be a mixture or a combination of some components that are physically independent. When at least some of the components are physically independent, each different component may be stored in a different container, or two or more components may be mixed and then stored separately from the other components in a different container.

[0125] In some embodiments, the main agent A and the curing agent B in the coating composition provided by the present invention are stored or packaged in different containers.

[0126] In some embodiments, the three components of the coating composition provided by the present invention, namely, the main agent A, the curing agent B, and the catalyst C, are stored or packaged in different containers, respectively.

[0127] In some embodiments, the three components of the coating composition provided by the present invention, namely the main agent A, the curing agent B, and the catalyst C, are stored or packaged in different containers respectively, and the functional component D in the solvent-free composition can be stored or packaged in a separate container, or can be mixed and stored or packaged in the container of the main agent A, the curing agent B, or the catalyst C.

[0128] In a specific embodiment, the three components of the coating composition, main agent A, curing agent B, and catalyst C, are packaged separately. When used, the step of mixing the separately packaged components in a certain proportion is included. The mixing step is preferably carried out under conditions that minimize or avoid curing.

[0129] The coating composition provided by the present invention is physically mixed and, after being applied to a substrate, absorbs water molecules and undergoes a chemical reaction to generate polysiloxane (main structure) and polyurethane (or carbamate) plasticizer components, thereby forming a stable paint film on the surface of the substrate.

[0130] Figure 1 shows a typical process flow for the production and use of a coating composition. First, the raw materials of each component used to prepare the coating composition are identified, and each raw material is produced according to a certain formulation method and / or process, which may include, for example, dispersion, grinding, or coloring steps; then, the product produced is quality inspected according to preset standards, and the product that passes the quality inspection can enter the packaging process to form a coating composition product. For example, one possible product form is to form a product including a main agent A, a curing agent B, and a catalyst C that are separately packaged. When using the coating composition product to coat the surface of a substrate, it is first necessary to mix and / or mature the components of each package, and at the same time, the surface of the substrate can be pretreated as needed, such as grinding or polishing; after the coating composition and the substrate are ready, the coating composition can be applied to the surface of the substrate according to the set construction parameters (such as temperature or humidity), and the work is completed after it solidifies into a film.

[0131] In some specific embodiments, the components can be mixed uniformly to form a coating composition, which can then be applied to the surface of a substrate to form a paint film having a thickness of 5 μm to 1000 μm, preferably 30 to 150 μm. An exemplary production condition can be: an ambient humidity of 5% to 95% RH, room temperature (e.g., 5 to 40° C.), and a press-dry time of 10 minutes to 6 hours to form a cured paint film.

[0132] In one embodiment, humidification means can also be used to achieve a suitable ambient humidity in the paint shop, wherein the humidity can be selected from 5% RH to 100% RH, 10% RH to 95% RH, 20% RH to 95% RH, 30% RH to 95% RH, 40% RH to 95% RH, or 50% RH to 95% RH; preferably, the humidity is 20% RH to 90% RH, more preferably 30% RH to 75% RH, for example, 35% RH, 40% RH, 50% RH, 55% RH, 60% RH, 64% RH, 65% RH, 67% RH, 70% RH, or 75% RH.

[0133] In one embodiment, low-temperature heating can be used to achieve a suitable ambient temperature in the paint shop. The upper temperature limit can be adjusted based on factors such as silane volatility, coating sag resistance, cure shrinkage, and appearance. In actual production, a balance must be struck between heating energy consumption and profitability. Specifically, the temperature can be between 20 and 80°C, preferably between 40 and 80°C, such as 45°C, 50°C, 55°C, 60°C, 65°C, 70°C, or 75°C.

[0134] The following are some examples of optional construction parameters.

[0135] In a specific embodiment, for large workpieces and when heating conditions are limited, the following construction parameters can be used:

[0136] (1) Wet film thickness 50 to 100 μm;

[0137] (2) Catalyst content: dibutyltin dilaurate (total weight 0.1‰ to 1‰), DMP-30 or DBU total weight 0.1‰ to 1‰, acetylacetone (total weight 0.5% to 5%);

[0138] (3) Construction temperature: 0°C to 40°C (the temperature is not controlled, so the actual temperature depends on the air temperature in the workshop during construction);

[0139] (4) Construction humidity: 5% RH to 95% RH, preferably 20% RH to 90% RH, more preferably 30% RH to 70% RH.

[0140] In a specific embodiment, for scenarios where rapid curing is required but heating conditions are limited, the following construction parameters can be used:

[0141] (1) Wet film thickness 30 to 50 μm;

[0142] (2) Catalyst: DMP-30 or DBU (total weight 0.5% to 1%); dibutyltin dilaurate (total weight 0.5% to 1%);

[0143] (3) Construction temperature: 5°C to 40°C (temperature is not controlled, so the actual temperature depends on the air temperature in the workshop during construction);

[0144] (4) Construction humidity: 5% RH to 95% RH, preferably 20% RH to 90% RH, more preferably 30% RH to 70% RH.

[0145] In a specific embodiment, for scenarios where rapid curing is required and heat curing is possible, the following construction parameters can be used:

[0146] (1) Wet film thickness 50 to 150 μm;

[0147] (2) Catalyst: dibutyltin dilaurate (total weight 0.1‰ to 1‰): acetylacetone (total weight 0.5% to 5%);

[0148] (3) Construction temperature: heated to 40°C to 80°C;

[0149] (4) Construction humidity: 5% RH to 95% RH, preferably 20% RH to 90% RH, more preferably 30% RH to 70% RH.

[0150] It should be noted that the paint film obtained based on the coating composition provided by the present invention has the following performance advantages compared to typical commercial coating product systems (such as epoxy, polyurea and polyurethane):

[0151] It should be emphasized that the coating composition provided by the present invention has outstanding advantages over general polyurethane (polyol + isocyanate) coating systems. For example, compared with high-solid, ultra-high-solid, and even solvent-free polyurethane systems, the coating composition provided by the present invention has a lower viscosity, which can achieve a longer and controllable operating time and facilitate construction operations; compared with organic solvent polyurethane systems, the coating composition provided by the present invention has extremely low VOC, overcoming the pollution problem caused by the volatilization of organic solvents and being more environmentally friendly; compared with water-based polyurethane systems, the coating composition provided by the present invention has an increased thickness of a single coating layer and does not require water dilution, which overcomes the solubility problem of some organic matter in water and solves the problem that water-based polyurethane cannot be applied thickly.

[0152] In addition, the present invention provides a coated material product, comprising a substrate and a coating in contact with the surface of the substrate, wherein the coating is prepared in an aqueous environment based on the coating composition provided by the present invention.

[0153] In addition, the present invention also provides a coating kit, comprising a substrate, a coating composition provided by the present invention, and optionally, instructions for use.

[0154] It should be noted that the technical solution of the present invention has no special restrictions on the material, shape, structure, surface characteristics, etc. of the substrate to which it is applicable.

[0155] In some embodiments, the substrate may include common steel structural materials in the industrial field, composite materials (for example, epoxy, polyurethane, unsaturated polyester coatings containing pigments and fillers, continuous fiber reinforced epoxy, fiber reinforced polyurethane, or fiber reinforced unsaturated ester, etc.), various engineering plastics, natural organic materials (such as wood), and cement or concrete-based inorganic building materials, etc.

[0156] In some embodiments, the substrate can be of any thickness; the substrate surface can be smooth, substantially smooth, or textured; and the substrate can be regular or irregular in shape.

[0157] It should be noted that the coated material product or solvent coating kit of the present invention can be independently applied to a variety of industries without special restrictions, including but not limited to the office supplies industry, the electronic and electrical products industry, and the construction industry.

[0158] In some embodiments, in order to ensure good adhesion between the paint film and the substrate layer, the coating composition can be pre-treated on the substrate surface before coating; for example, after removing impurities and oil stains, the surface can be physically sandblasted, polished or plasma treated.

[0159] In addition, the present invention also provides a method for using the coating composition, comprising the step of coating the coating composition provided by the present invention on the surface of a substrate in an aqueous environment.

[0160] In some embodiments, the method of using the coating composition comprises the following steps:

[0161] S1: uniformly mixing the components of the coating composition;

[0162] S2: evenly coating the coating composition mixed in S1 on the substrate;

[0163] S3: Set the appropriate humidity to cure the coating;

[0164] S4: Waiting for the coating composition to cure to form a paint film.

[0165] In some embodiments, the method of using the coating composition comprises the following steps:

[0166] S1: uniformly mixing the components of the coating composition;

[0167] S2: evenly coating the coating composition mixed in S1 on the substrate;

[0168] S3: waiting for the coating composition to cure, thereby forming a paint film;

[0169] As needed, before step S3, certain curing parameters (such as temperature and humidity) may be set to meet the environmental requirements for coating curing.

[0170] In addition, the present invention also provides a product coated with a coating prepared based on the above method.

[0171] The reaction mechanism of the curing process of the coating system of the present invention is likely to be the following steps:

[0172] Step 1: The silane or its oligomer having a silanol group in the main agent A reacts with water molecules in the air to form silanol and alkyl alcohol:

[0173] In step 2, the isocyanate group of curing agent B, under the catalytic action of catalyst C, rapidly undergoes an addition reaction with the alkyl alcohol product of step 1 to form a (poly)alkyl carbamate. Since the alkyl alcohol product of step 1 is consumed, the reaction of step 1 proceeds rapidly in the forward direction, that is, the reaction of step 2 strongly promotes the reaction of step 1:

[0174] Step 3: Under the promotion of step 2, the product silanol in step 1 is formed in large quantities. Silanol can condense with itself, releasing water molecules and forming silicon-oxygen-silicon covalent bonds, i.e., the polysiloxane backbone:

[0175] Alternatively, silanols can undergo addition substitution reaction with the siloxy groups of the main agent A to form a silicon-oxygen-silicon covalent bond, i.e., a polysiloxane main chain structure, while releasing new alkyl alcohols:

[0176] Step 4: The water molecules and alkyl alcohol generated by the above reaction repeatedly participate in reaction steps 1 to 3 to form more polysiloxane main chain structures. The proportion of the main chain structure increases as the reaction progresses, and finally a paint film with highly cross-linked and cured polysiloxane as the main component is formed.

[0177] The applicant of the present invention believes that water molecules preferentially react with the main agent A in the coating composition of the present invention in step 1, and do not react with the isocyanate groups in the curing agent B in large quantities.

[0178] As can be seen, compared to existing solutions (for example, using main agent A alone as a coating raw material, a typical application of commercial one-component organosilicon coatings), the alkyl alcohol produced in the technical solution of the present invention further reacts with the isocyanate groups in curing agent B to form an alkyl urethane component, which remains in the paint film (step 2). This avoids environmental pollution caused by VOC emissions and meets the solvent-free / ultra-high solids / high solids standards. Furthermore, the alkyl urethane component helps to improve the adhesion between the coating and the substrate, making the technical solution of the present invention comparable to conventional polyurethane systems in terms of applicability to various substrates and superior to common commercial one-component organosilicon products.

[0179] It is understandable that the above description is merely an explanation of the technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention from a mechanism perspective, and does not limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0180] The technical solutions and technical effects of the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and comparative examples.

[0181] Example 1: Preparation of coating compositions 1-1 to 1-18

[0182] The components were prepared according to the substance and content formula in Table 1 to obtain the corresponding coating composition.

[0183] Among them, the molar content of the substance in the main agent A is calculated based on the molar content of the siloxy groups therein, the molar content of the substance in the curing agent B is calculated based on the molar content of the isocyanate groups therein, and the contents of the catalyst C and the functional component D are calculated based on the mass fraction of the coating composition they occupy.

[0184] Table 1: Formulations of coating compositions (1-1 to 1-18)

[0185] Example 2: Use of coating compositions 1-1 to 1-18

[0186] Coating compositions 1-1 to 1-18 were prepared according to the formulations in Table 1 to obtain uniform mixtures. These mixtures were applied to substrate surfaces and then dried and cured to form paint films. The finger-tightening time of each coating was recorded, as shown in Table 2. The finger-tightening time test method was based on ASTM D 1640.

[0187] Table 2: Curing of coating compositions 1-1 to 1-18

[0188] According to the data in Table 2, within the scope of the technical solution disclosed in the present invention, by changing the type and ratio of the main agent A and the curing agent B, the coating compositions 1-1 to 1-19 formed can be successfully cured to form a paint film under certain temperature and humidity environment settings. Among them, by comparing the data of coating compositions 1-1 and 1-8, and coating compositions 1-2 and 1-10, it can be found that by adding an appropriate amount of catalyst to the formula of the coating composition, the efficiency of the coating composition in curing and forming a paint film can be significantly promoted. By comparing the data of coating compositions 1-3 to 1-7, it can be found that selecting different types of main agents A can adjust the finger-pressing dry time for forming a paint film to a certain extent, among which KH570, KH631 and KH560 are used as the finger-pressing dry time of the main agent A. By comparing the data of coating compositions 1-8 to 1-11, it can be found that selecting different types of curing agents B also has a certain effect on adjusting the finger-pressing dry time for forming a paint film, among which dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate is used as the finger-pressing dry time of curing agent B (suitable for slow curing scenes). By comparing the data of coating compositions 1-12 to 1-16, it can be seen that when the ratio of the main agent A and the curing agent B varies within the range of 1 to 10, they can all be cured to form a paint film. By comparing the data of coating compositions 1-3 and 1-17, it can be seen that the type of catalyst selected has a greater influence on regulating the finger-drying time for forming a paint film. By comparing the data of coating compositions 1-3 and 1-18, it can be seen that adding an appropriate amount of functional component D to the coating composition, while bringing additional performance to the paint film, has little effect on its finger-drying time. By comparing the data of coating compositions 1-3 and 1-3 (low humidity), it can be seen that the coating composition disclosed in the present invention can still be successfully cured to form a paint film at an ambient humidity as low as 10% RH, and changing the ambient humidity has a certain regulatory effect on the finger-drying time of the paint film. Generally speaking, the higher the humidity, the faster the curing rate.

[0189] Example 3: Preparation of coating compositions 1-19 to 1-22

[0190] Coating compositions 1-19 to 1-22 were prepared according to the materials and content formulas in Table 3, wherein "parts" refers to parts by mass.

[0191] Table 3: Formulations of coating compositions (1-19 to 1-22)

[0192] Comparative Example 1: Preparation of commonly used coating compositions (D1, D2 and D3) on the market

[0193] The components were formulated according to the substances and contents in Table 4 to obtain the corresponding coating compositions D1, D2 and D3, wherein the numbers in brackets are the mass fractions of the components in the coating composition.

[0194] Table 4: Formulations of commonly used coating compositions (D1, D2, and D3)

[0195] Example 4: Use of coating compositions 1-19 to 1-22, D1 to D3

[0196] The coating compositions in Example 3 and Comparative Example 1 were dispersed, ground, and uniformly mixed before being "cured." This involves mixing the components and then waiting for a period of time before application. This facilitates better compatibility and, consequently, improved film-forming properties. After aging, coating can be performed. D3 is a water-based, two-component fluorocarbon polyurethane coating. Before application, deionized water must be added to the coating composition to achieve a desired viscosity. In this example, the volume ratio of D3 coating composition to deionized water is 100:(40-50).

[0197] In the coating workshop, the coating compositions obtained above were uniformly sprayed on the surface of a specific substrate according to the construction parameters in Table 5. The selection and treatment of the substrate are as described in Table 5.

[0198] The operating instruments involved in the coating process are as follows:

[0199] Spraying: compressed air small-caliber paint spray gun;

[0200] Brush application: Use a small brush to apply to the corresponding substrate; D1 and D2 are brush-applied.

[0201] Oven: Electric blast drying oven.

[0202] Among them, finger-press dry time: after spraying is completed, the corresponding finger-press dry time is recorded in an oven environment with a certain temperature and humidity. The test method of finger-press dry time refers to the record of ASTM D 1640.

[0203] Table 5: Construction parameters

[0204] The application parameter data in Table 5 demonstrate that each coating composition can be cured to form a paint film under the specified application parameters. Comparing the two data sets in Tables 1-19, the disclosed technical solution can also flexibly adjust the finger-drying time required for film formation by changing environmental conditions. For example, under the same conditions, adjusting the oven humidity from 10% RH to 50% RH significantly reduces the finger-drying time.

[0205] Example 5: Determination of the construction performance of coating compositions 1-19 to 1-22, D1 to D3

[0206] Through experimental measurement, the construction performance parameters of the coating compositions 1-19 to 1-22 and D1 to D3 were obtained and are shown in Table 6 below.

[0207] Table 6: Construction performance of each coating composition

[0208] Among them, each construction performance parameter is obtained through the following measurement steps or calculation methods:

[0209] Initial Mixed Viscosity: Measure the viscosity of the coating composition 5-10 minutes after mixing the components. Viscosity is measured using the Stormer viscometer method (refer to GB-T 9269-2009) and is reported in Krebs units (KU).

[0210] Single sprayable thickness: Under the premise that the paint film appearance and performance meet the standards, the thickest possible paint film is applied in a single application. The corresponding dry film thickness is the single sprayable thickness. If the single spraying thickness reaches 200 microns and it is found that the paint film appearance and performance standards are still met, the test is stopped and the single sprayable thickness of the coating composition is considered to be greater than 200 microns.

[0211] Working time: Place the paint mixture container in a constant temperature water bath at 35°C and stir slowly (30-120 rpm). Measure the time from the start of paint mixing to the time when the rotational viscosity exceeds 85KU. (For D1 and D2, since the initial mixed viscosity is high (close to or greater than 80KU), their working time is measured from the start of paint mixing to the time when film formation is no longer possible.)

[0212] Solid content: Under the condition of natural drying at room temperature for 7 days, the mass change of the coating composition before and after curing was measured, and the mass fraction after curing to that before curing was calculated.

[0213] According to the data in Table 6 above, the technical solution disclosed in the present invention has a lower initial mixing viscosity (less than 70KU) than the prior art, which facilitates construction and coating operations; correspondingly, the operable time of coating compositions 1-19 and 1-21 can reach more than 1 hour, while the operable time of coating compositions D1 and D2 are both less than 1 hour, and even the operable time of D2 is less than 10 minutes. At the same time, the single sprayable thickness of the technical solution disclosed in the present invention can reach a level comparable to that of the two-component epoxy system (D1) and two-component polyurea system (D2) of the prior art, and is much higher than the water-based two-component fluorocarbon polyurethane system (D3). In addition, the technical solution disclosed in the present invention can achieve the level of ultra-high solid content coating compositions, and the solid content of coating compositions 1-19, 1-21 and 1-22 is above 90%.

[0214] Example 6: Determination of paint film properties of coating compositions 1-19 to 1-22

[0215] Through experimental measurement, the performance measurement data of the above coating compositions after curing to form paint films on different substrate surfaces are shown in Table 7 below.

[0216] Table 7: Properties of the paint films formed by various coating compositions

[0217] Among them, cross-cut adhesion, pull-off adhesion or impact resistance tests are mainly used to evaluate the substrate adhesion and flexibility of the paint film, water tightness resistance and salt spray resistance are mainly used to evaluate the corrosion resistance of the paint film, and UVB aging resistance and humidity resistance are mainly used to evaluate the weather resistance of the paint film. Each paint film performance parameter is obtained through the following measurement steps or calculation methods:

[0218] The test method for cross-cut adhesion shall refer to GB / T 9286; the test method for pull-off adhesion shall refer to GB / T 5210; the test method for impact resistance shall refer to GB / T 1732; the test method for watertightness resistance shall refer to ISO 6270-2, where the test temperature is 60°C; the test method for salt spray resistance shall refer to ISO9227; the test method for UVB aging resistance shall refer to Type 1 of GB / T 23981 (4 hours of light exposure at 60°C and 4 hours of spraying at 50°C); the test method for humidity and UV resistance shall be tested using a 3KW halogen lamp, where the sample temperature is 85-130°C, the sample test chamber environment humidity is 75%RH-95%RH, and the sample UV exposure intensity is 1000-1300W / m 2 (UVB radiation intensity accounts for UVB / (UVA+UVB)≈3-5%), and the radiation amount is calculated as total radiation intensity*test time, in kwh / m 2 .

[0219] According to the data in Table 7, the paint film obtained by applying the technical solution disclosed in the present invention after conventional formulation adjustment can achieve standards comparable to or even better than the existing technology in terms of substrate adhesion performance, corrosion resistance, and weather resistance. Specifically, by comparing the performance test data of coating compositions 1-19, D1, and D2 on epoxy fiberglass materials, the surface of which was polished to a matte finish, it can be seen that the pull-out adhesion and cross-hatch adhesion levels of coating composition 1-19 are comparable to those of the existing technology, and the UVB aging resistance is better than that of the existing technology. By comparing the performance test data of coating compositions 1-20 and D3 on phosphorus iron plate materials, the cross-hatch adhesion of coating composition 1-20 is comparable to that of the existing technology, and the wet UV resistance is excellent, with smaller color difference changes under the same irradiation amount. Comparison of the performance test data of coating compositions 1-21 and D1 on carbon steel Q235 sandblasted with SA2.5 and sprayed with a 20-micron-thick M116-9080 water-based zinc-rich primer demonstrates that their cross-cut adhesion, impact resistance, and salt spray resistance all reach comparable levels to the prior art. Comparison of the performance test data of coating compositions 1-22 and D1 on carbon steel Q235 with an untreated surface demonstrates that their cross-cut adhesion, impact resistance, and watertightness resistance also reach comparable levels to the prior art. This demonstrates that the paint films obtained according to the disclosed technical solutions exhibit excellent performance and possess high industrial and commercial application value.

[0220] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not limit the patent scope of the present invention. All equivalent transformations made by using the contents of the present description and drawings under the inventive concept of the present invention, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields are included in the patent protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A coating composition, characterized in that The components include: A main agent A, wherein the main agent A comprises a silane small molecule containing a silane alkoxy group and / or a silane oligomer containing a silane alkoxy group, and Curing agent B, wherein the curing agent B includes a small molecule containing an isocyanate group and / or a polymer whose monomer contains at least one isocyanate group; Wherein, under normal temperature and pressure and in the absence of a catalyst, the silane small molecule containing silanoxy groups and / or the silane oligomer containing silanoxy groups and the small molecule containing isocyanate groups and / or the polymer containing at least one isocyanate group in the monomer do not undergo a one-step addition reaction, or The silane small molecules containing silane alkoxy groups and / or the silane oligomers containing silane alkoxy groups do not contain active hydrogen, or The coating composition remains liquid in an anhydrous environment.

2. The coating composition according to claim 1, further comprising the following components: Catalyst C, wherein the catalyst C comprises at least one catalyst capable of catalyzing the addition reaction between the hydroxyl group of the alkyl alcohol and the isocyanate group.

3. The coating composition according to claim 2, wherein: The molar ratio of the silane group in the main agent A to the isocyanate group in the curing agent B is 1 to 10.

4. The coating composition according to claim 2, wherein: The silane small molecule containing a silicon alkoxy group includes at least one of an alkoxysilane having a saturated alkyl group, an alkoxysilane having an ester group, an alkoxysilane having an aromatic hydrocarbon group, an alkoxysilane having an unsaturated hydrocarbon group, or an alkoxysilane having an epoxy group; and / or The silane oligomer containing silane alkoxy groups is polymerized from at least one monomer containing silane alkoxy groups, has a degree of polymerization of 2 to 20, and has a viscosity at 25° C. in the range of 10 centipoise to 10,000 centipoise; and / or The silane oligomer containing silane alkoxy groups is polymerized from one or more monomers selected from alkoxysilane containing saturated alkyl groups, alkoxysilane containing ester groups, alkoxysilane containing aromatic hydrocarbon groups, alkoxysilane containing unsaturated hydrocarbon groups, or alkoxysilane containing epoxy groups.

5. The coating composition according to claim 4, wherein: The silane small molecule containing silane alkoxy groups is selected from methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, phenyl trimethoxysilane, vinyl trimethoxysilane, glycidyl ether propyl trimethoxysilane, methyl trimethoxysilane, dimethyl dimethoxysilane, methyl phenyl dimethoxysilane, diphenyl dimethoxysilane, methacryloxypropyl triethoxysilane, vinyl triethoxysilane, phenyl triethoxysilane, glycidyl ether propyl triethoxysilane, methyl triethoxysilane, dimethyl diethoxysilane, diphenyl One or more of methylphenyldiethoxysilane, or methylphenyldiethoxysilane.

6. The coating composition according to claim 4, wherein: The silane small molecule containing silaneoxy groups is selected from one or more of vinyl trimethoxy silane, dimethyl dimethoxy silane, methacryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane, glycidyl ether propyl trimethoxy silane, and phenyl trimethoxy silane; and / or The silane oligomer containing silane alkoxy groups is polymerized from one or more monomers selected from vinyl trimethoxy silane, dimethyl dimethoxy silane, methacryloxy propyl trimethoxy silane, glycidyl ether propyl trimethoxy silane, and phenyl trimethoxy silane.

7. The coating composition according to claim 2, wherein: The small molecule containing an isocyanate group is selected from aromatic isocyanates or aliphatic isocyanates; and / or The polymer containing at least one isocyanate group is selected from aromatic isocyanate polymers or aliphatic isocyanate polymers; and / or The polymer having at least one isocyanate group has a viscosity of less than 10,000 centipoise at 40°C; and / or, The molecular weight of the polymer containing at least one isocyanate group is selected from 150 to 5000 grams per mole.

8. The coating composition according to claim 1, wherein: The small molecule containing an isocyanate group is selected from aromatic isocyanates; and / or The polymer whose monomer contains at least one isocyanate group is selected from aromatic isocyanate polymers.

9. The coating composition according to claim 2, wherein: The catalyst C is selected from a polyurethane catalyst or a catalyst having a delay function.

10. The coating composition according to claim 9, wherein: The catalyst C is selected from a metal salt polyurethane catalyst, a tertiary amine polyurethane catalyst or a combination of a metal salt polyurethane catalyst and a complexing agent.

11. The coating composition according to claim 2, wherein: The main agent A includes one or more of methacryloxypropyl trimethoxysilane, phenyl trimethoxysilane, vinyl trimethoxysilane, or glycidyl ether propyl trimethoxysilane. The curing agent B includes one or more of diphenylmethane diisocyanate or a polymer thereof, hexamethylene diisocyanate or a polymer thereof, or toluene diisocyanate or a polymer thereof, The catalyst C includes one or more of dibutyltin dilaurate, 2,4,6-tris(dimethylaminomethyl)phenol, or 1,8-diazacyclo[5,4,0]undecene-7; The mass ratio of the catalyst C to the coating composition is no more than 5%.

12. The coating composition according to claim 2, wherein: The coating composition further comprises a functional component D.

13. The coating composition according to claim 12, wherein: The functional component D comprises a component with toughening, plasticizing or compatibilizing functions, wherein the component with toughening, plasticizing or compatibilizing functions is selected from hydroxyl-terminated polydimethylsiloxane, hydroxyl acrylic resin or bisphenol A epoxy resin.

14. A material product having a coating, characterized in that: The invention comprises a substrate and a coating applied on the surface of the substrate, wherein the coating is prepared from the coating composition described in any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. A coating kit, characterized in that: It comprises a coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the main agent A and the curing agent B of the coating composition are packaged separately.

16. A method for using a coating composition, characterized in that: The steps include: In a water environment, the coating composition according to any one of claims 1 to 13 is applied to the surface of a substrate.

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