The invention discloses aerogel composite cloth taking a hot melt adhesive as a binder and a preparation method for the aerogel composite cloth. The composite cloth takes a fiber enhanced aerogel material as a core layer, and a layer of fabric covers each of the upper part and the lower part of the core layer; the hot melt adhesive serving as the binder is arranged between the core layer and the fabrics. Sticky glue of the fiber enhanced aerogel material is cleaned and swept; after the hot melt adhesive covers the upper part and the lower part of the fiber enhanced aerogel material, the hot melt adhesive is respectively covered with layers of cloth; the aerogel composite cloth is cut and packaged after being pressurized by a hot roller. The aerogel composite cloth disclosed by the invention has the advantages of excellent heat insulation performance, high moisture permeation property, high softness, no dust escape and the like, and can be applied to a cold-resistant or fireproof tent, a sleeping bag, a floor mat, shoes, shoe insoles, cloths and hats as well as internal heat insulation decorations of automobiles, airplanes, ships and trains; the application field of the aerogel composite cloth is greatly expanded; furthermore, the technology is simple, the quality is easy to control, and the aerogel composite cloth is suitable for batch production.