5840 results about "Carbonic acid" patented technology

A method and apparatus to extract and sequester carbon dioxide (CO₂) from a stream or volume of gas wherein said method and apparatus hydrates CO₂, and reacts the resulting carbonic acid with carbonate. Suitable carbonates include, but are not limited to, carbonates of alkali metals and alkaline earth metals, preferably carbonates of calcium and magnesium. Waste products are metal cations and bicarbonate in solution or dehydrated metal salts, which when disposed of in a large body of water provide an effective way of sequestering CO₂ from a gaseous environment.

A process for selectively removing carbon dioxide from a gaseous stream by converting the carbon dioxide to a solid, stable form is provided. In a sequestration process, carbon dioxide enriched air is passed through a gas diffusion membrane to transfer the carbon dioxide to a fluid medium. The carbon dioxide rich fluid is then passed through a matrix containing a catalyst specific for carbon dioxide, which accelerates the conversion of the carbon dioxide to carbonic acid. In the final step, a mineral ion is added to the reaction so that a precipitate of carbonate salt is formed. This solid mineral precipitate can be safely stored for extended periods of time, such as by burying the precipitate in the ground or depositing the precipitate into storage sites either on land or into a body of water. An apparatus for removing carbon dioxide from a gaseous stream is also provided.

A catalyst for synthesizing vinyl acetate from acetylene and acetic acid is prepared from activated carbon, zinc acetate and alkaline bismuth carbonate in mass ratio of 100: (27-40): 0.026 by excessive solution dipping method.

A system uses thermal solar energy coupled with microwaves and plasma for producing carbon monoxide (CO) and dihydrogen (H2) from carbonated compounds (biomass, domestic waste, sludge from waste water, fossil coal), wherein the obtained gaseous mixture yields, amongst others, hydrocarbon fuels (olefins, paraffin), esters, and alcohols via a Fischer-Tropsch synthesis. In a first step the carbonated compounds are roasted and pyrolized to produce char and dry coal, and a mixture of superheated gases containing CO2, steam, tars and non-condensable volatile materials. The method includes in a second step, and from the pyrolyis products (char or coal, gas mixture), generating a syngas substantially containing a mixture of carbon monoxide and dihydrogen, the mixture being used in Fischer-Tropsch synthesis units. After the Fischer-Tropsch step, the synthesis products are separated in a distillation column after heating in solar furnaces of mixed furnaces (solar/microwave).

PCT No. PCT/EP94/00321 Sec. 371 Date Oct. 13, 1995 Sec. 102(e) Date Oct. 13, 1995 PCT Filed Feb. 4, 1994 PCT Pub. No. WO94/17908 PCT Pub. Date Aug. 18, 1994A process for converting carbon or carbonated compounds in a plasma into carbons having a defined nanostructure consists of a reaction chamber whose head part contains three electrodes, a plasma gas supply, and a carbon or carbonated compound supply. A process for preparing carbons having a defined nanostructure. Apparatus to carry out the processes.

A storage stable aqueous solution or aqueous gel of zinc ions in the presence of bicarbonate ions is disclosed. The solution comprises: (a) a source of zinc ion, (b) a source of a stabilizing anion which can stabilize soluble zinc and bicarbonate and/or carbonate in solution; (c) a source of bicarbonate ion; and (d) a solvent therefor. The solvent comprises a major proportion of water. The zinc salt is present in an amount suitable for the intended purpose; the stabilizing anion in an amount B of at least 1.2 equivalents per equivalent of zinc ion; and the bicarbonate ion cannot exceed certain levels which are related to the level of the stabilizing anion.

The invention relates to a non-aqueous electrolyte for high-voltage lithium ion batteries, which is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 70-85% of carbonate, 3-20% of functional additive and 11-17% of lithium hexafluorophosphate. The carbonate is one or mixture of more of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, butylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, dipropyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, methyl propyl carbonate and methyl butyl carbonate; and the functional additive is one or mixture of more of 0.5-10% of negative pole film-forming additive, 0.5-10% of high-temperature additive, 0.5-10% of positive pole film-forming additive, 0.5-10% of high-voltage additive and 0.001-2% of stability additive. The invention solves the problem of adaptation of the lithium ion battery electrolyte to the 4.35V high-voltage battery positive/negative pole, and provides an electrolyte for high-voltage batteries, which has the advantages of high cycle life, low inflation rate and favorable high-temperature properties.

A method for preserving wood by injecting into the wood a slurry having: particles of a sparingly soluble copper salt, copper hydroxide, or both, wherein the weight average diameter d₅₀ of the particles in the slurry is between 0.1 microns and 0.7 microns and the d₉₈ of the particles in the slurry is less than about 1 micron; a dispersant; and water. The dispersant is anionic or a mix of anionic and non-ionic. Advantageously, less than 20% by weight of the particles have a diameter less than 20 nanometers. Useful copper salts include basic copper carbonate, tri-basic copper sulfate, copper oxychloride, basic copper nitrate, basic copper borate, copper borate, basic copper phosphate, or copper silicate. The slurry most preferably includes copper hydroxide particles. The slurry further advantageously includes at least one organic biocide, wherein at least a portion of the organic biocide is coated on the particles.

The invention discloses a catalyst for production of 1,4-butynediol and a preparation method of the catalyst, belongs to the field of catalyst research, more particularly relates to a load type catalyst for production of 1,4-butynediol in a slurry reactor and a preparation method of the catalyst. According to the method, nanosilicon dioxide which has a larger external specific surface is used as a carrier, copper and bismuth are attached to the carrier by adopting a settling and depositing method, the active components of the catalyst exist in a form of basic cupric carbonate, and the catalyst comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 20-50 percent of carrier, 35-70 percent of basic cupric carbonate and 2-15 percent of bismuth subcarbonate. The prepared catalyst has the characteristics of good activity and high selectivity and is easy to activate.

The invention discloses a waste lead recovering method for lead-acid storage batteries. The method comprises the following steps: fine stuff such as diachylon and the like are added in a reaction kettle with a stirring device; reducing agent (FeSO4) and dilute sulfuric acid are simultaneously added; stirring reaction is carried out at the temperature of 50-60 DEG C for 50-70 minutes so as to reduce lead dioxide into lead sulfate; the lead sulfate is added into the reaction kettle with the stirring device; water is simultaneously added into the reaction kettle for size mixing; then sodium carbonate is added; desulfuration is carried out at the temperature of 50-60 DEG C so as to obtain solid lead carbonate; the lead carbonate is put into a smelting furnace and then decomposed at the temperature of 320-350 DEG C so as to obtain lead oxide; and reducing agent (carbon) is added into the smelting furnace to reduce the lead oxide into metal lead at the temperature of 700-800 DEG C. The method recovers the lead by means of the combination of the wet and the dry processes, thereby avoiding the harm to the environment caused by lead dust, lead vapor, lead skim, sulfur dioxide gas, and the like by adopting fire smelting. The method has the advantages of high lead recovery rate, low energy consumption and no environment pollution.

A non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery comprising a negative electrode, a positive electrode and an electrolyte having a lithium salt dissolved in a non-aqueous solvent characterized in that said non-aqueous solvent contains a vinylethylene carbonate compound represented by the general formula (I) in an amount of from 0.01 to 20% by weight is subject to minimized decomposition of the electrolyte and can provide a high capacity as well as exhibits excellent storage properties and cycle life performance.

wherein R¹, R², R³, R⁴, R⁵ and R⁶ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.

The relative intensity of fluorescent light of a melt-polycondensed aromatic polycarbonate produced by the transesterification process (melt polymerization process) of an aromatic dihydroxy compound and a carbonic acid diester in the presence of a catalyst comprising a basic nitrogen compound and/or a basic phosphorus compound in combination with an alkali metal compound is suppressed to 4.0x10-3 or below at a wavelength of 465 nm based on a standard substance in a fluorescent light spectrum obtained by the excitation wavelength of 320 nm. An aromatic polycarbonate having good color stability, especially good stability to the deterioration of the chip color during storage of the chip in air at room temperature can be produced by the present invention.

An electrical double-layer capacitor showing a sleight increase of resistance when used under continuous application of high voltage and maintaining high energy residual ratio after standing for a long time includes an electrode element including a pair of electrodes disposed opposite to each other with a separator interposed therebetween, and is impregnated with a nonaqueous electrolyte solution prepared by dissolving quaternary ammonium salts into cyclic carbonates and containing impurities of 30 ppm or less of glycols, 30 ppm or less of primary alcohols and less than 20 ppm of tertiary amines. The water content may be 50 ppm or less. The quaternary ammonium salt may be triethylmethylammonium tetrafluoroborate. The cyclic carbonate may be propylene carbonate. The nonaqueous electrolyte solution may have a concentration of 0.1 to 2.5 mol/liter. The electrode may be a polarizable electrode composed of activated carbon.

The invention discloses the method for producing natural gas with coking gas, comprising the following steps: purifying coking gas and removing benzene, naphthalene, hydrocarbon and sulphide, compressing, heat transferring, carrying out methanation reaction with catalyst, hydrogen in COG reacting with carbonic oxide and carbon dioxide to get methane; putting the mixture gas into pressure swing adsorbing device, and getting natural gas whose concentration is 90%. The natural gas has high caloric value, low impurity content.

The invention discloses a method for recovering rare earth from ionic type rare earth crude ore, which comprises the following steps of: leaching the ionic type rare earth crude ore by taking at least one of magnesium sulfate, magnesium chloride and calcium chloride, instead of most or all ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride or sodium chloride, as an ore leaching agent to obtain rare earth leachate, performing neutralization and impurity removal, and precipitating rare earth by adopting solution of magnesium hydrogen carbonate or/and calcium bicarbonate to obtain a rare earth carbonate product. In the method, an ammonium bicarbonate precipitator and most or all ammonium sulfate, ammonium chloride and sodium chloride serving as ore leaching agents are eliminated, pollution of ammonia nitrogen wastewater and high-salinity sodium salt wastewater on environment and underground water is greatly reduced or eliminated, and the method is an environment-friendly ionic type rare earth ore mining process.

The invention provides a method for preparing high base number (TBN400) synthetic calcium alkyl-benzene sulfonate. The method comprises the following steps of: adopting a mixed acid of long-chain linear alkyl-benzene sulfonic acid and high-boiling heavy alkyl-benzene sulfonic acid, calcium oxide and/or calcium hydroxide, low-carbon alcohol, alkaline-earth metal halide or nitrate, and a mixture of alkaline-earth metal alkylphenol or alkaline-earth metal alkylphenate and polyisobutylene succinic anhydride for a neutralization reaction in the presence of a solvent and cutback oil at a temperature of between 40 and 80 DEG C; then, passing through carbon dioxide to a product of the neutralization reaction at a temperature of between 40 and 60 DEG C for a carbonation reaction; and producing high base synthetic alkyl-benzene sulfonate with a total base number (TBN) of 400mgKOH/g by adopting a process of a one-step method. The product is divided into high-base number (TBN400) synthetic alkyl-benzene sulfonate containing chlorine and high-base number (TBN400) synthetic alkyl-benzene sulfonate without the chlorine. The product produced by adopting the method with low viscosity, small turbidity, easy filtration, light color and no skin formation has the advantages of excellent high-temperature detergency, excellent anti-foaming property and excellent heat storage stability.

A carbonated drink having both the rich taste of a plant-derived component(s) such as fruit juice(s) and the stimulating and refreshing feel of carbonic acids is provided. The carbonated drink contains 10 to 80% by weight of the plant-derived component(s) and 2% by volume or, more of carbon dioxide, has a soluble solids content of not more than 8 degree as indicated by a refractive saccharometer, contains high intensity sweetener(s), the sweetness due to which is not less than 25% by weight (on the sucrose equivalent basis), and has an entire sweetness equivalent to the sweetness of a sucrose content of 8 to 14% by weight. Furthermore, it contains sucralose as at least one high intensity sweetener, with the sweetness due to sucralose accounting for not less than 50% of the sweetness due to all high intensity sweetener(s) on the sucrose equivalent basis.

A bonding agent system is provided that contains at least components (A) and (B), where (A) is at least one compound with at least two cyclic carbonate groups and (B) is at least one compound with at least two primary and/or secondary amine groups. The bonding agent system is particularly suitable for use as a two-component adhesive or sealant and has very good adhesion to various substrates.

The present invention relates to a method of preparing polycarbonate comprising the steps of: (i) introducing to an extruder through a feed port a plurality of reaction components comprising a polycarbonate oligomer, an activated carbonate residue, and a transesterification catalyst, wherein the extruder comprises the feed port, a first back vent port, and a polycarbonate exit port, wherein the feed port is located between the first back vent port and the polycarbonate exit port, and wherein the resistance to flow of the reaction components from the feed port to the first back vent port is less than or equal to the resistance to flow of the reaction components from the feed port to the polycarbonate exit port; and (ii) extruding the reaction components at one or more temperatures in a range between 100° C. and 400° C., wherein during the extrusion of the reaction components, activated carbonate residue is removed through the first back vent port, thereby preparing a polycarbonate.

There is provided a non-aqueous electrolytic solution comprising an electrolyte salt, a specific fluorine-containing solvent and a fluorine-containing cyclic carbonate represented by the formula (A1):

wherein X¹ to X⁴ are the same or different and each is —H, —F, —CF₃, —CHF₂, —CH₂F, —CF₂CF₃, —CH₂CF₃ or —CH₂OCH₂CF₂CF₃; at least one of X¹ to X⁴ is —F, —CF₃, —CF₂CF₃, —CH₂CF₃ or —CH₂OCH₂CF₂CF₃, and the non-aqueous electrolytic solution has further excellent noncombustibility and is suitable for lithium secondary batteries.

The utility model relates to a water-based acrylic resin paintand the manufacturing method. The basic ray materials comprise acrylic monomer, styrene monomer, initiator, cosolvent, and active solvent. The utility model is characterized in that the acrylic monomer comprises acrylic derivative with hydroxyl; the cosolvent is ether alcohol solvent; the active solvent is butyl carbonate ethylene derivative active solvent; the initiator is peroxide initiator; and the neutralizer is Amine neutralizer. The resin is manufactured through two-step process. In the first step, water-based acrylic resin prepolymer is manufactured and is then manufactured into resin latex through inner emulsification on the second step. The product is of long storage time and is of no added emulsifier. Under the room temperature, the product can cross-link with water-based isocyanate curing agent to form membrane. The utility model is of excellent membrane, good water resistance, anti-scrubbing property, chemical resistance and sullying resistance.