85 results about "Dynamic elastic modulus" patented technology

A toner is disclosed which is composed of toner particles containing at least a binder resin, a colorant and a wax, and an external additive. The wax has, in its DSC endothermic curve, a maximum endothermic peak at 55° C. to 80° C. within the temperature range from 30° C. to 160° C., the maximum endothermic peak having a half width of from 2° C. to 7° C., and the binder resin is composed chiefly of a polyester resin. The toner has a dynamic elastic modulus from 5×102 to 1×105 dN / m2 at 140° C., and its ratio to a dynamic elastic modulus at 170° C. is from 0.05 to 50, and the toner contains 10 to 20% by weight of THF-insoluble matter A of a binder resin component after 8 hours from the start of extraction and 1 to 10% by weight of THF-insoluble matter B of the binder resin component after 24 hours from the start of extraction, the ratio of A to B, B / A, being from 0.1 to 0.8. Also disclosed is a fixing method making use of this toner.

Provided is a sheet for decoration which is excellent in an impact resistance in molding a surface form having a three-dimensional curved surface having a high deep-drawing degree and which has a good followability toward a molding surface of a metal die and is suited to decorated moldings. The above sheet for decoration comprises a peel layer, a picture layer and a heat adhesive resin layer which are laminated in order on the surface of a base film comprising a polyester film, wherein a dynamic elastic modulus of the above base film is 1.0×106 Pa or more at any temperature falling in a range of 190 to 240° C.

The invention relates to the determination of the dynamic elastic modulus of a material, such as a material comprising a mineral binder like cement, or gypsum, or the like, or a polymer, or ceramic, preferably mortar or concrete, in particular shotcrete, using sound, preferably ultrasound waves which penetrate the material and are continuously measured and analyzed. In particular, the invention relates to an apparatus, to a measuring device, and to a method for determining the dynamic elastic modulus of a material using the apparatus.

The invention relates to a soil dynamic characteristic test technique for geotechnical engineering and especially relates to a simple instrument and a method for test of an internal stress of a soil mass under cyclic loading. A large quantity of researches and reports record that the roadbed soil under the cyclic loading is suffered from dynamic stress accumulation, but the academics does not pay attention to the phenomenon. The simple instrument can be mainly used for measuring the response conditions of the internal stress in the soil on factors such as different cyclic loading magnitudes, loading waveforms, loading frequencies and soil compaction rate, and acquiring the parameters, such as settlement curve, dynamic elastic modulus, total deformation modulus, static elastic modulus, of the soil mass under the cyclic loading effect. The method provided by the invention belongs to an innovative technology which is simple in laboratory test and convenient in soil dynamic characteristic acquisition; with the help of a lever pressure meter, the instrument can realize 10-times load output and can save instrument consumable materials and power sources; a computer system can be utilized to realize the automatic control on the instrument control and the data collection.

The invention discloses a device and method for testing variation of the early-age dynamic elastic modulus of concrete in a time-dependent manner. The device comprises an excitation tool and test part, a vibration response test part, a signal recording part and a signal processing part, wherein the excitation tool and test part comprise a PVC (Poly Vinyl Chloride) board and a force hammer capable of acting on the PVC board; a rubber hammer is arranged at the front end of the force hammer; a load sensor is arranged on the rubber hammer; the vibration response test part is an acceleration sensor; the acceleration sensor is arranged on the PVC board; the signal recording part is a dynamic signal test and analysis system; and the signal processing part is a computer. The device provided by the invention has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in dismounting and less needed materials and instruments, and belongs to nondestructive test. The device can perform tests repeatedly and continuously, is applicable to both scientific researches and test on the early-age dynamic elastic modulus of concrete in the early age in a construction field.

The invention relates to the determination of the dynamic elastic modulus of a material, such as a material comprising a mineral binder like cement, or gypsum, or the like, or a polymer, or ceramic, preferably mortar or concrete, in particular shotcrete, using sound, preferably ultrasound waves which penetrate the material and are continuously measured and analyzed. In particular, the invention relates to an apparatus, to a measuring device, and to a method for determining the dynamic elastic modulus of a material using the apparatus.

The present invention provides a sheet for decoration which is excellent in an impact resistance in molding a surface form having a three-dimensional curved surface having a high deep-drawing degree and which has a good followability toward a molding surface of a metal die and is suited to decorated moldings. The above sheet for decoration comprises a peel layer, a picture layer and a heat adhesive resin layer which are laminated in order on the surface of a base film comprising a polyester film, wherein a dynamic elastic modulus of the above base film is 1.0 10 6 Pa or more at any temperature falling in a range of 190 to 240 DEG C.

The invention relates to a method used for measuring the dynamic elastic modulus epsilon and damp ratio xi of woods and wooden compound materials. An acceleration sensor is adopted to convert the inherent mechanical quantity (acceleration) into electric signals and then the data is collected to measure the basic frequency f1 of cantilever beam material with the focused quality after the wave filter and amplification by a signal regulating instrument; the material dynamic elastic modulus epsilon dynamic is figured out in virtue of the defined relation between the material elastic modulus and the basic frequency f1 actually measured by a frequency-domain plot. The amplitudes of A1, A2, ellipsis and An are read out on the time-domain attenuating surge curve in the time-domain plot and then the logarithmic decrement delta and damp ratio xi are respectively figured out. The invention has the advantages that the actual dynamic changes of woods and wooden compound materials can be objectively reflected; the dynamic elastic modulus epsilon and damp ratio xi of woods and wooden compound materials can be simultaneously figured out and the measuring time is short and the data is full, accurate and reliable; and the basic frequency (f1) and damp features can be obtained in the frequency-domain plot and time-domain plot of the measured samples for the relevant analysis.

The invention relates to a method for establishing a mathematical model of damage rate evolution of recycled concrete under freeze-thaw, Because of the application of damage mechanics, The freeze-thawdamage degree of recycled concrete is defined by dynamic elastic modulus, and the freeze-thaw damage experiment of recycled concrete is designed. Then the relationship model between freeze-thaw damage degree of recycled concrete and different freeze-thaw cycles is established by quick freezing method, and the damage rate evolution mathematical model of recycled concrete under freeze-thaw is obtained. Therefore, the method for establishing a mathematical model of damage rate evolution of recycled concrete under freezing and thawing is based on macroscopic damage mechanics theory, and has a solid mechanics theory foundation compared with previous research methods, and the result accords with objective law and mechanics principle, and the conclusion obtained is accurate, clear and convincing. Compared with the previous research methods, the process of the damage rate evolution mathematical model established by the invention is controllable, the period is short, and the time and the costare greatly saved.

An active energy ray curable resin composition for a sheet-like optical article capable of providing a cured material having a dynamic elastic modulus at 25° C. of 950 MPa or less and a dynamic elastic modulus at 60° C. of 100 MPa or more and a sheet-like optical article prepared from the resin composition are disclosed. The sheet-like optical article (e.g., prism sheet) has good heat resistance and extremely small warpage.

The invention discloses a method for rapidly detecting parameters of a cement-based material, belonging to the field of civil engineering materials. The method disclosed by the invention is implemented by a bracket of a cement-based material test-piece to be tested, a controllable electromagnet, a small steel ball for shock excitation, an accelerometer for receiving vibration signals, a matched charge amplifier and a signal receiving and acquisition module which are reasonably arranged and matched with data analyzing and processing software. The method comprises the following steps that: the small steel ball freely falls onto the top of the cement-based material test-piece to excite structural vibration of the test-piece; then, the structural vibration is received and collected through the accelerometer and matched equipment and is transmitted to a computer; the computer software can rapidly give parameters, such as dynamic elastic modulus, shear modulus, poisson ratio, transverse wave velocity and longitudinal wave velocity, of the cement-based material to be tested according to a certain algorithm.

A glass crack prevention film-like layer having a glass crack prevention layer exhibiting a dynamic elastic modulus of not larger than 6×106 Pa at 20° C., and an anti-reflection film laminated on one surface of the glass crack prevention layer, while the other surface of the glass crack prevention layer is provided as an adhesive face. A plasma display device having a plasma display panel, and a glass crack prevention film-like layer defined above and directly attached to a visual side of the plasma display panel through the adhesive face of the glass crack prevention layer contained in the glass crack prevention film-like layer.

The invention discloses a rock mass quality classification and dynamic parameter estimation method based on a blasting vibration test. The rock mass quality classification and dynamic parameter estimation method comprises the following steps: distributing test points according to an ordinary blasting vibration test, acquiring the time of a wave P and a wave S for arriving each test point by virtue of a multi-channel data acquisition unit, and also calculating the propagation velocity of the wave P and the wave S between two test points by virtue of a time difference of the wave P and the wave S for arriving the test points and a distance between the test points to ensure that the rock mass quality between the two test points can be judged and a dynamic elastic modulus of a rock mass between the two test points can be calculated according to the propagation velocity. The rock mass quality classification and dynamic parameter estimation method disclosed by the invention is simple to operate, and can be taken as an effective supplement of conventional geological exploration so as to ensure that a lot of time and workload can be saved; and the rock mass quality classification and dynamic parameter estimation method is suitable for the geological exploration of underground cavities in a blasting excavation process, and is also suitable for the geological exploration of side slopes.

The invention belongs to the technical field of concrete mix proportion optimization design, and particularly discloses a durable concrete mix proportion optimization method based on RF-NSGA-II. The method comprises the following steps: constructing a concrete durability index system, collecting sample data of each variable in the concrete durability index system, and establishing an original sample set according to the sample data; training a random forest regression calculation model by adopting the original sample set; evaluating the trained random forest regression calculation model to respectively generate random forest prediction models of concrete relative dynamic elastic modulus and chloride ion permeability coefficient; and taking the random forest prediction models as target functions, taking a value range of concrete materials and a mix proportion relationship among the materials as constraint conditions, and performing durable concrete mix proportion multi-target global optimization by adopting an NSGA-II model. The method is high in prediction precision, high in generalization capability and anti-noise capability, high in optimization precision, high in robustness andcapable of rapidly obtaining a globally optimal solution.

The invention provides an evaluation method of freezing resistance of concrete. The method establishes a freezing resistance evaluating indicator relative dynamic elastic modulus evaluation model P(n,t)=(1-kn)[1-alpha<t-4>beta], wherein n is the freezing-thawing circulation frequency; t is single-time freezing-thawing circulation time; k represents the coefficient related to freezing-thawing circulation frequency; and alpha and beta represent the coefficients related to freezing-thawing circulation time. The evaluation model can reflect the concrete freezing resistance level under the combined actions of different freezing-thawing circulation frequencies and different freezing-thawing circulation times, is simple and easy to use and high in accuracy, and has wide application prospects.

In a pneumatic tire, a height from a turned-up edge of a carcass layer (4) is not more than 10 mm, a distance GO from a tire outer surface to the carcass layer (4) is not less than 50% of the total gauge, a height HB of the bead filler (6) is from 50% to 80% of a tire cross-section height SH, a cross-sectional area ratio VB / VR of the bead filler (6) to a side reinforcing layer (9) is not less than 0.4 and not more than 0.6, a hardness HsB of the bead filler (6) is not less than 65 and not more than 80, and the hardness HsR of the side reinforcing layer (9) is not less than 75 and not more than 85, a size relationship between the hardness HsB and the hardness HsR is HsB<=HsR, a dynamic elastic modulus E'B is not less than 7.0 MPa and not more than 15.0 MPa, and a dynamic elastic modulus E'R is not less than 7.0 MPa and not more than 15.0 MPa, a value TB of tan delta is not more than 0.06, and a value TR of tan delta is not more than 0.05. The invention provides a pneumatic tire by which both riding comfort when regular traveling and run-flat durability can be achieved at high levels.

The invention discloses a method of estimating dynamic elastic modulus of subgrade soil based on state variable and stress variable. The method includes: using a pressure plate instrument to measure matrix suction of the subgrade soil, and establishing a soil-water characteristic curve to obtain model parameters under different compactness degrees; using a dynamic triaxial instrument to perform dynamic elastic modulus test of subgrade soil to obtain dynamic elastic modulus value of the subgrade soil; establishing a subgrade soil dynamic elastic modulus estimation model based on a state variable and a strain variable; establishing a relational equation between estimation model parameters and subgrade soil physical property indexes. The problem is solved that existing methods of estimating elastic modulus give no consideration to subgrade soil state variable, strain variable, and subgrade soil physical properties.

A rubber composition is provided that is capable of improving both the road / tire noise and the rolling resistance simultaneously, and is suitable for a side wall. The rubber composition contains a rubber component containing from 20 to 80 parts by weight of at least one of natural rubber and isoprene rubber and from 80 to 20 parts by weight of butadiene rubber, a reinforcing agent, a plasticizer, an additive and a crosslinking agent, and having a dynamic elastic modulus (E′) and a loss factor (tan δ), which are measured according to JIS K6394 at an initial strain of 5%, a dynamic strain of 5%, a frequency of 10 Hz and a temperature of 35° C., satisfying relationships, E′≧4 and tan δ / E′≦0.03. The butadiene rubber preferably contains at least one selected from the group consisting of (A) a coordination polymer of butadiene with a transition metal compound or a metallocene complex of a transition metal compound as a catalyst, (B) an anionic polymer of butadiene with a lithium compound as a catalyst, and (C) butadiene rubber containing syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene crystals.

The invention relates to an anchor agent for screw spikes, comprising cement, sand, fly ash and mixing liquid; in the anchor agent, the cement causes the combination between the anchor agent and walls of sleeper holes to be closer, improves the compressive resistance and flexural strength as well as anti-pulling force in a short time, and meets the construction requirements; the fly ash increases the porosity among each material and enhances density of the material; the durability indexes such as harmful ions erosion resistance, loss resistance of dynamic elastic modulus in freezing and thawing, and rust and corrosion resistance for protecting steel bars are greatly improved, and the service life are prolonged; waterproof agent of polymer concrete, which has good hydrophobic performance to prevent water from entering, does not contain water itself and no conductive irons of free state are formed, thus achieving excellent insulation performance; the anchor agent has the advantages of high early strength, and no temperature environmental affection.

The invention provides a nondestructive testing method for pre-judging long-term durability of concrete in a natural environment. The quality of the long-term durability is represented by forming a concrete test piece under standard curing and natural curing conditions and detecting change of the relative dynamic elastic modulus of concrete under the two curing conditions of different ages. The standard cured test piece is placed back to a curing chamber after age detection, the long-age concrete test piece is transferred along with the movement of the curing chamber according to engineering field conditions, the test pieces are observed continuously and periodically, and a value when the concrete approaches a stable condition at 5y or another age, the corresponding value replaces a test result with longer age; and the naturally cured test piece is placed in the natural environment again after age detection. The dynamic elastic modulus of the test piece of each age under the standard curing condition is taken as the reference, the attenuation value of the relative dynamic elastic modulus of the test piece of each age under the natural curing condition is calculated, and the long-term durability of the concrete is pre-judged.

The invention relates to an ore rock intensity prediction method based on component thermodynamic gene expression programming. With a provided component thermodynamic gene expression programming algorithm, the invention adopts a water absorption rate, a dry density, wave impedance, a dynamic Poisson's ratio, and a dynamic elastic modulus as input variables, adopts compressive strength as an output variable, automatically and intelligently digs out a mathematical model of the ore rock intensity, and thus predicts the compressive strength of the ore rock. The invention can quantitatively harmonize the balance between a selected pressure and population diversity in the gene expression programming, and thus improves the rate of convergence, solving precision and algorithmic stability of traditional gene expression programming when applied to the prediction of ore rock intensity.

The invention provides a method for predicting the durability life of concrete based on Birnbaum-Saunders distribution. The method is simple, convenient, high in reliability and wide in application range; the simplicity is reflected in that the service life can be predicted through the method only by detecting to obtain the dynamic elastic modulus value of the concrete; corresponding parameters can be obtained without a large number of experiments; the high reliability is reflected in that the dynamic elastic modulus value is not fitted or mathematical hypothesis is adopted in the life prediction process; the application range is wide, life prediction can be carried out on various concrete service environments including a corrosion environment and freeze-thaw damage and dry-wet cycle environments caused by climate changes, and a series of problems that an existing life prediction technology is narrow in application range, complex in calculation, high in prediction cost and the like aresolved.

The invention relates to the determination of the dynamic elastic modulus of a material, such as a material comprising a mineral binder like cement, or gypsum, or the like, or a polymer, or ceramic, preferably mortar or concrete, in particular shotcrete, using sound, preferably ultrasound waves which penetrate the material and are continuously measured and analyzed. In particular, the invention relates to an apparatus, to a measuring device, and to a method for determining the dynamic elastic modulus of a material using the apparatus.

The invention relates to an amino compound rubber additive as well as preparation and application thereof. The chemical structural formula of the additive is shown in the description, wherein n is anoxidation state of a metal element M; n=2, 3 or 4; A is one of oxygen, sulfur, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus or silicon; x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10; B is one of oxygen, sulfur, carbon, nitrogen, phosphorus or silicon; y is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10; (AxBy)m indicates that atoms are connected by chemical bonds; x and y are not 0 at the same time; m is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 10; z is less than or equal to 50; R1 and R2 are fatty chains, alicyclic hydrocarbons or aromatic compounds with 0 to 50 carbon atoms; R3, R4, R6 and R8 are saturated or unsaturated fatty chains or alicyclic hydrocarbons with 0 to 50 carbon atoms; R5 and R7 are aromatic ring compounds; a and b are positive integers. The prepared additivecan be applied to rubber, and improves the hardness, wet skid resistance, dynamic-mechanical properties and tensile property of the rubber; a part of rubber compositions containing the additive have higher Shore hardness, elongation at break, wet skid resistance and dynamic elastic modulus.

The invention discloses a shale cement damage quantitative evaluation method based on an acoustic wave velocity test and relates to the technical field of unconventional oil-gas exploration and development. The method comprises the following steps of drying drilled rock samples, screening out at least three rock samples with similar longitudinal and transverse wave velocities to form a rock sample group, calculating the initial average longitudinal and transverse wave velocity and density of the rock sample group, and calculating an initial dynamic elastic modulus; soaking the rock sample group, taking out the rock sample group every time t, and calculating the water content and the dynamic elastic modulus of the soaked rock sample; calculating a damage variable of the rock sample group; and fitting by adopting a nonlinear fitting method to obtain a shale water content evolution equation and a shale hydration damage evolution equation. According to the method, the influence of rock sample quality change caused by free water invasion on hydration damage is considered, meanwhile, the influence of drilling shaft pressure and shaft temperature is also considered, defects of an existing method are overcome, the shale hydration damage process can be reflected more truly, and the method is simpler, more convenient, more economical and more practical.

An active energy ray curable resin composition for a sheet-like optical article capable of providing a cured material having a dynamic elastic modulus at 25° C. of 950 MPa or less and a dynamic elastic modulus at 60° C. of 100 MPa or more and a sheet-like optical article prepared from the resin composition are disclosed. The sheet-like optical article (e.g., prism sheet) has good heat resistance and extremely small warpage.

In a pneumatic run flat tire in which an inner side reinforcing rubber layer having a falcated cross-section is disposed in a side wall portion, dynamic elastic moduli E′10A, E′10B, and E′10C and values T10A, T10B, and T10C of a tan δ at 60° C. of rubber compositions of each region of the inner side reinforcing rubber layer are configured so as to satisfy the relationships E′10A<E′10B<E′10C, E′10A≧4.0 MPa, T10A<T10B<T10C, and T10A≦0.06. Dynamic elastic moduli E′20A, E′20B, and E′20C at 60° C. of rubber compositions of each region of the outer side rubber layer are configured so as to satisfy the relationships E′20B<E′20A≦E′20C and E′20C / E′20B≧1.6. Furthermore, the dynamic elastic modulus ratios E′20A / E′10A and E′20C / E′10C are configured so as to satisfy the relationships 0.6≦E′20A / E′10A≦1.0 and 0.6≦E′20C / E′10C≦1.0.

The invention provides an online nondestructive detecting instrument for wood materials, which relates to the online nondestructive detection of the wood materials, and can measure the elastic modulus of flitch, board squared timbers and log sections to evaluate the material properties of the materials. The online nondestructive detecting instrument controls a driving and feeding device so that two ends of a tested wood material are clamped by a wood material clamping device. A signal triggering and detecting device can trigger signals and detect transmitted signals and received signals. The transmitted signals and the received signals are amplified by a signal amplifier and then are transmitted to a fast fourier transform (FFT) analyzer to measure the time difference of trigger signals and the received signals, and the dynamic elastic modulus can be calculated by using a formula so as to evaluate the material properties of the tested wood material. The online nondestructive detecting instrument does not destroy the integrity of a tested piece, improves the labor efficiency, reduces the detection cost and lightens the labor intensity.

The utility model discloses a portable dynamic elastic modulus tester controlled by a mobile terminal. The portable dynamic elastic modulus tester comprises a host, a transmitter and a receiver; thehost comprises a broadcasting module, an equipment connecting module, a processor and a lithium ion battery; the host is a cuboid; the broadcast module, the equipment connection module, the processorand the lithium ion battery are arranged in the host, the emitter and the receiver are arranged outside the host, the emitter and the receiver are connected with the host through cables, and the mobile terminals are in one-to-one connection with the equipment connection modules of the tester and perform bidirectional wireless communication through the broadcast module. A user carries a device without a display screen, the carrying weight is reduced, a mobile phone of the user controls and processes data, and the problems that a portable dynamic elasticity modulus tester is limited in information processing capacity, slow in processing and stuck are solved.