Gearbox and automobile

Abstract

A gearbox, comprising a gearbox body (10), a differential gear (20), and an oil storage container (30). The differential gear (20) and the oil storage container (30) are both located in the gearbox body (10), the oil storage container (30) is located above the differential gear (20), and the oil storage container (30) has an opening end (31) and a closed end (32) which are opposite to each other; and the opening end (31) is distant from the differential gear (20), the closed end (32) has an oil leakage structure, and the oil leakage speed of the oil leakage structure in an uphill posture is greater than the oil leakage speed of the oil leakage structure in a level road posture. The gearbox can reasonably adjust the oil quantity in the gearbox on the basis of the posture of an automobile, the cooling requirement is met, and the churning loss is reduced. Also disclosed is an automobile.

Description

Transmission and car

[0001] This disclosure claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202311251533.2, filed on September 26, 2023, with invention name “Gearbox and Automobile”, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present disclosure relates to the field of automobile technology, and in particular to a gearbox and an automobile. Background Art

[0003] With increasingly stringent energy conservation and emission reduction regulations, people are increasingly interested in the research and development of energy-efficient vehicles. Hybrid vehicles offer advantages in energy efficiency and environmental friendliness, leading to a growing commitment to their development and research. The transmission, a key component in hybrid vehicles, is also facing increasingly stringent cooling requirements.

[0004] In related technologies, the gearbox is mainly cooled by oil cooling. The cooling and lubrication of the gears and drive shafts inside the gearbox are achieved by stirring the oil at the bottom of the gearbox through the differential gear, causing the oil to splash onto different gears and drive shafts.

[0005] Because the transmission is subject to various high-load operating conditions, such as uphill driving, when the vehicle is in a fully loaded position, excess oil is typically pumped into the transmission's underside to meet cooling requirements. This results in a relatively high amount of oil in the transmission even under other, less-loaded conditions, such as when the transmission is operating on a level surface or a slight slope. The higher the amount of oil, the more the differential gears are immersed in it. This causes a large amount of oil to be churned during rotation, increasing churning losses.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The disclosed embodiments provide a transmission and a vehicle that can reasonably adjust the oil volume in the transmission according to the vehicle's posture, meet cooling requirements, and reduce oil churning losses. The technical solution is as follows:

[0008] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a transmission, comprising: a case, a differential gear, and an oil storage container, wherein the differential gear and the oil storage container are both located within the case, and the oil storage container is located above the differential gear; the oil storage container has opposite open and closed ends, the open end is away from the differential gear, and the closed end has an oil leakage structure, wherein the oil leakage speed of the oil leakage structure in an uphill posture is greater than the oil leakage speed of the oil leakage structure in a flat road posture.

[0009] In one implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the oil leakage structure includes a first oil hole and a second oil hole. In the forward direction of the automobile, the second oil hole and the first oil hole are arranged in sequence and spaced apart on the closed end. In the vertical direction, the first oil hole is located below the second oil hole, and the oil leakage rate of the first oil hole is smaller than the oil leakage rate of the second oil hole.

[0010] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the aperture of the first oil hole is smaller than the aperture of the second oil hole; or, the oil leakage structure further includes two electrically controlled valves, which are respectively located in the first oil hole and the second oil hole.

[0011] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, at least a portion of the end surface of the closed end is an oil leakage side surface, the first oil hole and the second oil hole are located on the oil leakage side surface, and in a flat road posture, the oil leakage side surface has a second angle with the horizontal plane, and the second angle is not greater than the maximum value of the first angle, and the first angle is the angle between the bottom surface of the box body and the horizontal plane.

[0012] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the first oil hole is located in an area of ​​the oil leakage side closest to the bottom of the box body, and the second oil hole is located in an area of ​​the oil leakage side farthest from the bottom of the box body.

[0013] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the open end has an expansion portion, which extends in a direction away from the inner cavity of the oil storage container. The side of the expansion portion away from the differential gear has a collection groove, and the collection groove is connected to the inner cavity of the oil storage container.

[0014] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the expanded portion is a flange surrounding the inner cavity of the oil storage container.

[0015] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, a third angle is formed between the side of the expanded portion away from the differential gear and the side where the open end is located, and the third angle is greater than 90 degrees.

[0016] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the gearbox also includes an oil pumping device, which is located in the casing, and includes a valve body and an oil pump; the oil suction hole of the oil pump is close to the bottom surface of the casing, and the oil outlet hole of the oil pump is connected to the oil inlet hole of the valve body, and the valve body has a plurality of oil outlet holes for delivering lubricating oil to the devices in the gearbox.

[0017] In another implementation of the embodiment of the present disclosure, the oil pumping device further includes a filter screen, which is arranged on the oil path between the oil outlet of the oil pump and the oil inlet of the valve body.

[0018] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a car, which includes the gearbox as described above.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present disclosure include at least:

[0020] The transmission provided in the disclosed embodiments includes a housing, a differential gear, and an oil reservoir located within the housing. The oil reservoir is positioned above the differential gear, with its open end facing away from the differential gear. As the differential gear stirs the oil at the bottom of the transmission, splashed oil falls through the open end into the oil reservoir, where it collects.

[0021] The closed end of the oil reservoir is equipped with an oil leak mechanism. This leaks faster when the vehicle is running uphill than when it's on a flat road. Therefore, during heavy load conditions like uphill driving, the oil in the reservoir quickly flows out, allowing more oil to remain at the bottom of the transmission to meet cooling requirements. During light load conditions like flat road driving, the oil in the reservoir leaks more slowly, allowing some oil to remain in the reservoir and leaving less oil at the bottom of the transmission to reduce churning losses. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present disclosure. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0023] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gearbox provided by the related art;

[0024] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a gearbox provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0025] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of another gearbox provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] The symbols in the figure are explained as follows: 10. Housing; 20. Differential gear; 30. Oil storage container; 31. Open end; 32. Closed end; 322. Oil leakage side; 33. Expanding part; 330. Collecting tank; 41. First oil hole; 42. Second oil hole; 50. Oil pumping device; 51. Valve body; 52. Oil suction hole; 53. Filter; 60. Transmission mechanism. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] In order to make the objectives, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more clear, the embodiments of the present disclosure will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] Unless otherwise defined, the technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning understood by a person of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure pertains. The terms "first," "second," "third," and similar words used in the patent specification and claims of this disclosure do not indicate any order, quantity, or importance, but are merely used to distinguish between different components. Similarly, terms such as "a" or "an" do not indicate a quantitative limitation, but rather indicate the presence of at least one. Terms such as "include" or "comprise" mean that the elements or objects preceding "include" or "comprises" encompass the elements or objects listed after "include" or "comprises," and their equivalents, and do not exclude other elements or objects. Terms such as "connected" or "connected" are not limited to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. Terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "top," and "bottom" are used only to indicate relative positional relationships. When the absolute position of the described object changes, the relative positional relationship may also change accordingly.

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a transmission provided by related art. As shown in Figure 1, the transmission includes a housing 10, differential gears 20, and a transmission mechanism 60. The differential gears 20 and transmission mechanism 60 are both located within the housing 10. The transmission mechanism 60 includes gears and a transmission shaft for the gears to be mounted.

[0030] Figure 1 illustrates the flow of oil in the transmission's splash oil path during flat-road operation. As shown in Figure 1, oil is deposited at the bottom of the transmission housing 10 at a height H1. Part of the differential gear 20 is immersed in this oil. As the differential gear 20 rotates, the oil is centrifugally spun along the path indicated by the arrow in Figure 1. This spun oil, combined with gravity, deposits onto the drive shaft and gears, providing lubrication and cooling for these gears.

[0031] Because the transmission operates under various high-load conditions, such as uphill driving, when the vehicle is in a fully loaded state, excess oil is typically pumped into the bottom of the transmission to meet cooling requirements. This results in a relatively high amount of oil in the transmission even under other, less-loaded conditions, such as when the transmission is operating on a level surface or a slight slope. The higher the amount of oil, the more the differential gear 20 is immersed in it. Consequently, the rotation of the differential gear 20 churns a large amount of oil, increasing churning losses.

[0032] To this end, embodiments of the present disclosure provide a transmission. Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a transmission provided by embodiments of the present disclosure. As shown in Figure 2, the transmission comprises a housing 10, a differential gear 20, and an oil reservoir 30. Both the differential gear 20 and the oil reservoir 30 are located within the housing 10, with the oil reservoir 30 positioned above the differential gear 20.

[0033] The oil storage container 30 being located above the differential gear 20 means that the oil storage container 30 is located above the differential gear 20 in the vertical direction.

[0034] As shown in FIG. 2 , the oil storage container 30 has an open end 31 and a closed end 32 opposite to each other. The open end 31 is away from the differential gear 20 , and the closed end 32 has an oil leakage structure.

[0035] Among them, the oil leakage speed of the oil leakage structure in the uphill posture is greater than the oil leakage speed of the oil leakage structure in the flat road posture.

[0036] In the implementation of the present disclosure, the flat road posture refers to the posture of the car driving on a flat road, and the uphill posture refers to the posture of the car driving uphill.

[0037] The gearbox provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure includes a housing 10, a differential gear 20 and an oil storage container 30 located in the housing 10. In the vertical direction, the oil storage container 30 is arranged above the differential gear 20, and the open end 31 of the oil storage container 30 is away from the differential gear 20.

[0038] 2 , when the differential gear 20 stirs the oil at the bottom of the transmission, the splashed oil will fall from the open end 31 into the oil storage container 30 and be collected in the oil storage container 30 .

[0039] In the disclosed embodiment, an oil leakage mechanism is further provided at the closed end of the oil reservoir. The leakage rate of the oil leakage mechanism in an uphill position is greater than that in a flat position. Therefore, during operation under heavy loads, such as uphill, the oil in the oil reservoir flows out quickly, allowing a larger amount of oil to remain at the bottom of the transmission to meet cooling requirements. During operation under lighter loads, such as flat, the oil in the oil reservoir leaks more slowly, allowing some oil to remain in the reservoir and leaving less oil at the bottom of the transmission to reduce churning losses.

[0040] Figure 2 illustrates the flow pattern of the transmission's splash oil path during flat road conditions. As shown in Figure 2, during light-load operation, the first angle between the bottom of the housing 10 and the horizontal plane is zero or relatively small. At this point, the oil leakage rate of the oil leakage mechanism is also relatively low, resulting in a slow leak of the oil from the oil reservoir 30. This results in a partial oil retention in the reservoir 30, leaving a relatively small amount of oil at the bottom of the transmission. Referring to Figure 2, the oil height at the bottom of the housing 10 is H2, which reduces churning losses.

[0041] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of another gearbox provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 illustrates the flow direction of the splash oil circuit of the gearbox when the car is in an uphill posture. As shown in Figure 3, when running in an uphill working condition with a large load, there is a first angle α between the bottom surface of the box 10 and the horizontal plane. In this posture, the oil leakage speed of the oil leakage structure is greater than the oil leakage speed in the flat road posture, so that the oil in the oil storage container 30 will flow out quickly, so that a larger amount of oil can be retained at the bottom of the gearbox. Referring to Figure 3, the height of the oil at the bottom of the box 10 is H3, H3>H2, so that more areas of the differential gear 20 are immersed in the oil, thereby meeting the cooling requirements.

[0042] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the oil leakage structure includes a first oil hole 41 and a second oil hole 42 .

[0043] For example, the diameter of the first oil hole 41 needs to be small enough so that the oil leakage speed of the first oil hole 41 is lower than the oil throwing speed of the differential gear 20 .

[0044] The oil throwing speed of the differential gear 20 refers to the amount of oil splashed into the oil storage container 30 per unit time under the stirring of the differential gear 20 .

[0045] In this way, the oil leakage rate of the first oil hole 41 is lower than the oil throwing rate of the differential gear 20, which can ensure that under the working condition of light load, a certain amount of oil can be stored in the oil storage container 30, thereby reducing the total amount of oil in the box body 10, reducing the height of the oil at the bottom of the box body 10, and reducing oil stirring loss.

[0046] Exemplarily, the aperture of the second oil hole 42 needs to be larger than the aperture of the first oil hole 41 so that the oil leakage rate of the second oil hole 42 can be greater than the oil throwing speed of the differential gear 20, and the oil leakage rate of the second oil hole 42 must be satisfied that under a large load condition, the oil stored in the oil storage container 30 can quickly flow out into the box body 10.

[0047] Herein, under a heavy load condition, allowing the oil stored in the oil storage container 30 to quickly flow out into the tank 10 may mean that the oil stored in the oil storage container 30 completely flows out into the tank 10 within 1 to 5 seconds.

[0048] In this way, the oil leakage rate of the second oil hole 42 is greater than the oil throwing rate of the differential gear 20, which can ensure that under heavy load conditions, the oil in the oil storage container 30 will flow out quickly, so that more oil can be retained at the bottom of the gearbox to meet cooling requirements.

[0049] As shown in FIG2 , in the forward direction of the vehicle (see the Y direction in FIG2 ), the second oil hole 42 and the first oil hole 41 are sequentially arranged and spaced apart on the closed end 32. Vertically, the first oil hole 41 is located below the second oil hole 42, and the oil leakage rate of the first oil hole 41 is lower than that of the second oil hole 42.

[0050] In the above embodiment, by positioning the second oil hole 42 above and to the left of the first oil hole 41, when the vehicle is operating on level roads, the oil slinging rate of the differential gear 20 is greater than the oil leakage rate of the first oil hole 41. Therefore, after being slinged into the oil reservoir 30, the oil gradually remains in the oil reservoir 30 until the oil level in the oil reservoir 30 reaches the level of the second oil hole 41. When the oil level reaches the level of the second oil hole 42, the oil slinging rate of the differential gear 20 is less than the oil leakage rate of the second oil hole 42. Therefore, the oil exceeding the level of the second oil hole 41 is quickly drained from the oil reservoir 30 into the transmission case 10. Thus, under level road conditions, the amount of oil entering the oil reservoir 30 remains constant. Since the total amount of oil in the transmission case remains unchanged, the amount of oil at the bottom of the transmission case 10 decreases, thereby reducing the oil level at the bottom of the transmission case 10 and minimizing oil churning losses.

[0051] When the car is in an uphill condition, that is, when the gearbox is tilted relative to the horizontal plane, the position of the second oil hole 42 can be lowered and the position of the first oil hole 41 can be raised. When the position of the second oil hole 42 is flush with the position of the first oil hole 41 or the position of the second oil hole 42 is lower than the position of the first oil hole 41, the oil entering the oil storage container 30 will leak through the second oil hole 42, and the oil leakage speed of the second oil hole 42 is greater than the oil throwing speed of the differential gear 20. Therefore, the oil in the oil storage container 30 will flow out quickly to increase the oil at the bottom of the box to meet the cooling needs.

[0052] Exemplarily, the diameter of the first oil hole 41 is not greater than 3 mm. For example, the diameter of the first oil hole 41 may be 2 mm.

[0053] For example, the diameter of the second oil hole 42 is not less than 10 mm. For example, the diameter of the first oil hole 41 may be 12 mm.

[0054] In one implementation, there are multiple first oil holes 41 , which are spaced apart at the closed end 32 of the oil storage container 30 . There are multiple second oil holes 42 , which are spaced apart at the closed end 32 of the oil storage container 30 .

[0055] The distribution density of the first oil holes 41 may be smaller than the distribution density of the second oil holes 42. The distribution density refers to the number of oil holes distributed per unit area.

[0056] By providing the second oil holes 42 with a greater distribution density, the oil leakage area of ​​the second oil holes 42 can be increased, so that the oil leakage speed of the second oil holes 42 is faster.

[0057] In another implementation, there is one first oil hole 41 and a plurality of second oil holes 42 , which are spaced apart and distributed at the closed end 32 of the oil storage container 30 .

[0058] By providing a plurality of second oil holes 42 , the oil leakage area of ​​the second oil holes 42 can be increased, and the oil leakage speed of the second oil holes 42 can be increased.

[0059] In some other implementations, the oil leakage structure includes a first oil hole 41 , a second oil hole 42 and two electrically controlled valves, and the two electrically controlled valves are respectively located in the first oil hole 41 and the second oil hole 42 .

[0060] In this way, during use, when the vehicle is on a flat road, the openings of the electrically controlled valves controlling the first and second oil holes decrease, thereby reducing the rate of oil leakage from the holes. When the vehicle is traveling uphill, the openings of the electrically controlled valves controlling the first and second oil holes increase, thereby increasing the rate of oil leakage from the holes. This ensures that under high-load conditions, the transmission maintains sufficient oil in the case for lubrication and cooling. Under low-load conditions, the oil in the case is kept at an appropriate level to prevent churning losses.

[0061] Optionally, as shown in Figure 2, at least part of the end surface of the closed end 32 is an oil leakage side surface 322, the first oil hole 41 and the second oil hole 42 are located on the oil leakage side surface 322, and the oil leakage side surface 322 has a second angle β with the horizontal plane, and the second angle β is not greater than the maximum value of the first angle α, and the first angle α is the angle between the bottom surface of the box body 10 and the horizontal plane.

[0062] In the above implementation, by setting the oil leakage side 322 of the closed end 32 where the first oil hole 41 and the second oil hole 42 are provided as an inclined surface, and arranging the first oil hole 41 and the second oil hole 42 on the oil leakage side 322 respectively, the purpose of distributing the second oil hole 42 to the upper left of the first oil hole 41 can be achieved.

[0063] The maximum value of the first angle may be the angle between a slope with a maximum gradient on which the vehicle can travel and a horizontal plane.

[0064] Exemplarily, the maximum value of the first angle may be 45°, that is, the second angle β is less than or equal to 45°.

[0065] In this way, when the car is traveling on a slope with the maximum gradient, the oil leakage side surface 322 will rotate to a state close to being horizontal, so that the oil in the oil storage container 30 can be directly discharged through the second oil hole 42 .

[0066] In the disclosed embodiment, when the first included angle is between 0 and 21.8°, the oil in the oil reservoir only submerges the first oil hole. At this point, oil leaks into the housing through the first oil hole. The rate of oil leakage from the first oil hole is slower than the oil slinging rate of the differential gear. After being slinged into oil reservoir 30, the oil gradually remains within oil reservoir 30, reducing the amount of oil at the bottom of the housing and, consequently, reducing oil slinging losses in the differential gear.

[0067] When the first angle exceeds 21.8°, the oil in the oil storage container submerges the second oil hole. At this time, the oil only passes through the second oil hole and leaks into the box at the maximum leakage rate.

[0068] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 1 , the first oil hole 41 is located in the area of ​​the oil leakage side 322 closest to the bottom of the box body 10 , and the second oil hole 42 is located in the area of ​​the oil leakage side 322 farthest from the bottom of the box body 10 .

[0069] Thus, the first oil hole 41 and the second oil hole 42 are arranged on the farthest sides of the oil leakage side surface 322, so that the first oil hole 41 is located at the intersection of the oil leakage side surface 322 and the bottom surface of the oil storage container 30, and the second oil hole 42 is located at the intersection of the oil leakage side surface 322 and the side wall of the oil storage container 30. Because oil is more likely to collect at the intersection of the two side surfaces, the oil holes at the intersection of the side surfaces allow the oil to flow easily to the location of the oil holes, thereby facilitating the drainage of the oil in the oil storage container 30.

[0070] Optionally, as shown in Figure 2, the open end 31 has an expanded portion 33, which extends in a direction away from the inner cavity of the oil storage container 30. The side of the expanded portion 33 away from the differential gear 20 has a collection groove 330, and the collection groove 330 is connected to the inner cavity of the oil storage container 30.

[0071] The expanded portion 33 increases the area of ​​the oil reservoir 30 that collects splashing oil, making it easier for the oil reservoir 30 to collect splashing oil. Furthermore, a collection groove 330 is provided on the surface of the expanded portion 33. The collection groove 330 communicates with the inner cavity of the oil reservoir 30, allowing the oil collected by the expanded portion 33 to flow into the inner cavity of the oil reservoir 30, thereby preventing it from subsequently leaking into the housing 10.

[0072] For example, the expanded portion 33 may be a flange surrounding the oil storage container 30 .

[0073] In this way, the outwardly extending flanges are provided around the opening end 31, which can significantly increase the area of ​​the oil storage container 30 for collecting splashing oil, making it easier for the oil storage container 30 to collect splashing oil.

[0074] Optionally, as shown in FIG2 , a third angle γ is formed between the side of the expanded portion 33 away from the differential gear 20 and the side where the open end 31 is located, and the third angle γ is greater than 90 degrees.

[0075] In the above implementation, the expanded portion 33 is arranged to be inclined with respect to the side where the open end 31 is located, so that the oil splashed into the collecting groove 330 of the expanded portion 33 can flow into the oil storage container 30 along the inclined surface.

[0076] Exemplarily, a third included angle γ between the side surface of the expanded portion 33 away from the differential gear 20 and the side surface where the open end 31 is located is 130°.

[0077] In the disclosed embodiment, the differential gear oil is non-pressurized oil, which is primarily used to lubricate the shafts and gears within the gearbox. The lubrication and cooling of other transmission components within the gearbox, such as the clutch and synchronizer, require pressurized oil delivered by an oil pump.

[0078] Among them, the differential gear and oil pump usually work at the same time to ensure that the shafts, gears and components in the gearbox can be lubricated and cooled.

[0079] In some implementations, an oil pump and valve are also provided in the gearbox. The oil suction hole of the oil pump absorbs the oil at the bottom of the box and transports the oil to the valve, and then transports the oil to components such as the clutch and synchronizer through different oil ports of the valve to provide lubrication and cooling for components such as the clutch and synchronizer.

[0080] Optionally, as shown in FIG2 , the gearbox further includes an oil pumping device 50 , which is located in the housing 10 . The oil pumping device 50 includes a valve body 51 and an oil pump, and the valve body 51 and the oil pump are an integrated structure.

[0081] For example, as shown in FIG2 , the oil pumping device 50 is located at the junction of the bottom and side walls of the housing. Placing the oil pumping device in a corner prevents it from occupying installation space for other components. Furthermore, in the vehicle's forward direction Y, the oil pumping device 50 is located in front of the differential gear 20.

[0082] The oil pumping device 50 is an integrated structure formed by integrating the valve body 51 and the oil pump. By integrating multiple components in this way, the space occupied by the valve body 51 and the oil pump in the gearbox can be effectively reduced.

[0083] As shown in FIG2 , the oil suction hole 52 of the oil pump is close to the bottom surface of the housing 10 , and the oil outlet of the oil pump is connected to the oil inlet of the valve body 51 . The valve body 51 has multiple oil outlets for delivering lubricating oil to components in the gearbox.

[0084] For example, the oil outlet holes can be piped to areas of the synchronizer and clutch that require lubrication.

[0085] By arranging the oil suction hole 52 of the oil pump of the integrated oil pumping device 50 closer to the bottom surface of the box body 10, it is convenient for the oil pump to suck oil from the box body 10, thus avoiding the problem of emptying the oil.

[0086] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, when the gearbox changes from a flat road condition to an uphill condition, the oil in the box 10 will be concentrated in the lower left corner of the box 10, which will result in some areas on the bottom surface of the box 10 not being covered by the oil.

[0087] In the disclosed embodiment, the setting area of ​​the oil suction hole 52 of the oil pump needs to meet the requirement that when the gearbox is in an uphill working condition, the oil can still immerse the oil suction hole 52 of the oil pump, thereby preventing the oil pump from being emptied and improving safety.

[0088] Optionally, as shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 , the oil pumping device 50 further includes a filter screen 53 , which is disposed on the oil path between the oil outlet of the oil pump and the oil inlet of the valve body 51 .

[0089] Among them, the valve body 51 has a collecting cavity, the oil suction hole 52 of the oil pump is located on the side wall of the collecting cavity and passes through the side wall of the collecting cavity, the filter screen 53 is arranged in the collecting cavity and divides the collecting cavity into two cavities, and the oil suction hole 52 of the oil pump is located in one of the cavities.

[0090] In the above implementation, a collecting cavity is provided on the valve body 51, and the oil suction hole 52 of the oil pump is provided on the collecting cavity, which is used to suck the oil in the gearbox housing 10 into the collecting cavity; a filter screen 53 is also provided in the collecting cavity, and the filter screen 53 can filter out large particles of foreign matter and filter the relatively clean oil from one cavity to another, so that the oil pump can pump the oil into the valve body 51, and the valve body 51 pumps it to the locations of various components of the gearbox to achieve all-round lubrication and cooling.

[0091] The oil cooling process of the gearbox provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure under different working conditions is as follows:

[0092] As shown in FIG2 , the gearbox is in a working condition with a light load on a flat road. The oil height in the box 10 is H2. The differential gear 20 is partially immersed in the oil. As the differential gear 20 rotates, the oil will undergo centrifugal throwing. The oil throwing path is shown by the arrow on the left side of FIG2 . Under the throwing action, the oil will enter the oil storage container 30.

[0093] The oil reservoir 30 is provided with a first oil hole 41 and a second oil hole 42. The oil in the reservoir 30 flows through the first oil hole 41, under the influence of gravity, to the input shaft and gears, as indicated by the right arrow in Figure 2. Because the transmission maintains its position during flat-road operation, very little oil flows out of the second oil hole 42. As the differential gear 20 rotates, the oil in the reservoir 30 fills and reaches dynamic equilibrium, maintaining a consistent temperature between the oil in the reservoir 30 and the oil in the casing 10.

[0094] Under light load conditions on flat roads, the oil level H2 within the housing 10 is lower than the oil level H1 in Figure 1 because some of the oil is stored in the oil reservoir 30. The area of ​​the differential gear 20 immersed in the oil is also smaller than that in Figure 1 , resulting in less oil spun off by the differential gear 20. This, in turn, improves the mechanical efficiency of the transmission in this application compared to the situation shown in Figure 1 .

[0095] As shown in Figure 3, the transmission is operating at an extreme gradient and high load. Due to the change in the transmission's posture, the oil pump's suction port is at its maximum suction limit. In Figure 3, the oil level H3 within the housing 10 is just below the oil level in this position. The H3 oil level in this operating condition is the maximum oil level. The differential gear 20 is immersed in the oil, and as the differential gear 20 rotates, the oil undergoes centrifugal slinging, as indicated by the left arrow in Figure 3. This slinging action causes the oil to enter the oil reservoir 30. Under this extreme gradient condition, the oil in the oil reservoir 30 rapidly returns to the housing 10 through the second oil hole 42, as indicated by the right arrow in Figure 3. Simultaneously, a small amount of oil in the oil reservoir 30 rapidly flows through the edge of the expanded portion 33 of the oil reservoir 30, through the input shaft and gears, and back into the housing 10, as indicated by the middle arrow in Figure 3. This ensures that no oil remains in the oil reservoir 30, ensuring that all oil is promptly returned to the housing 10.

[0096] The transmission provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure splashes oil into the oil storage container 30 through the movement of the differential gear 20 when the vehicle is in non-harsh slope conditions (flat roads, small uphill or downhill conditions), so as to reduce the oil level in the box 10 and reduce the oil churning loss of the transmission. At the same time, the oil storage container 30 lubricates the shaft teeth through the dynamic oil flow port, so that the oil in the oil storage container 30 is in flow and quickly reaches dynamic balance to ensure that the oil in the oil storage container 30 is consistent with the oil temperature in the hybrid transmission. When the vehicle is in a harsh slope condition (slow climbing condition), the oil inside the oil storage container 30 is reduced accordingly according to the climbing grade of the vehicle until the oil storage in the oil storage container 30 is zero at the extreme harsh slope. This meets the oil suction demand of the oil pump at the extreme harsh slope. When the vehicle needs to reach an extreme slope instantly, the oil in the oil storage container 30 will flow out instantly to be emptied, so as to quickly increase the oil level at the bottom of the tank 10 to meet the oil suction requirements of the oil pump suction port and prevent it from being sucked out.

[0097] An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a car, which includes the gearbox as described above.

[0098] The above does not limit the present disclosure in any form. Although the present disclosure has been disclosed as above through the embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any technician familiar with the profession can make slight changes or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes using the technical content disclosed above without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present disclosure. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present disclosure without departing from the content of the technical solution of the present disclosure are still within the scope of the technical solution of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A gearbox, characterized in that: The gearbox comprises: a housing (10), a differential gear (20) and an oil storage container (30); the differential gear (20) and the oil storage container (30) are both located in the housing (10), and the oil storage container (30) is located above the differential gear (20); The oil storage container (30) has an open end (31) and a closed end (32) opposite to each other, the open end (31) being away from the differential gear (20), and the closed end (32) having an oil leakage structure, wherein the oil leakage speed of the oil leakage structure in an uphill posture is greater than the oil leakage speed of the oil leakage structure in a flat road posture.

2. The gearbox according to claim 1, characterized in that: The oil leakage structure comprises a first oil hole (41) and a second oil hole (42); in the forward direction of the automobile, the second oil hole (42) and the first oil hole (41) are sequentially arranged and spaced apart on the closed end (32); in the vertical direction, the first oil hole (41) is located below the second oil hole (42); and the oil leakage rate of the first oil hole (41) is lower than the oil leakage rate of the second oil hole (42).

3. The gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that: The diameter of the first oil hole (41) is smaller than the diameter of the second oil hole (42); or, The oil leakage structure further comprises two electrically controlled valves, wherein the two electrically controlled valves are respectively located in the first oil hole (41) and the second oil hole (42).

4. The gearbox according to claim 2, characterized in that: At least part of the end surface of the closed end (32) is an oil leakage side surface (322), the first oil hole (41) and the second oil hole (42) are located on the oil leakage side surface (322), and in a flat road posture, the oil leakage side surface (322) has a second angle with a horizontal plane, and the second angle is not greater than the maximum value of the first angle, and the first angle is the angle between the bottom surface of the box body (10) and the horizontal plane.

5. The gearbox according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first oil hole (41) is located in an area of ​​the oil leakage side (322) that is closest to the bottom surface of the box body (10), and the second oil hole (42) is located in an area of ​​the oil leakage side (322) that is farthest from the bottom surface of the box body (10).

6. The gearbox according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The open end (31) has an expanded portion (33), the expanded portion (33) extending in a direction away from the inner cavity of the oil storage container (30), and the side of the expanded portion (33) away from the differential gear (20) has a collecting groove (330), and the collecting groove (330) is connected to the inner cavity of the oil storage container (30).

7. The gearbox according to claim 6, characterized in that: The expanded portion (33) is a flange surrounding the inner cavity of the oil storage container (30).

8. The gearbox according to claim 6, characterized in that: A third angle is formed between the side surface of the expanded portion (33) away from the differential gear (20) and the side surface where the opening end (31) is located, and the third angle is greater than 90 degrees.

9. The gearbox according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The gearbox further comprises an oil pumping device (50), wherein the oil pumping device (50) is located in the housing (10), and the oil pumping device (50) comprises a valve body (51) and an oil pump; The oil suction hole (52) of the oil pump is close to the bottom surface of the box body (10), the oil outlet hole of the oil pump is connected to the oil inlet hole of the valve body (51), and the valve body (51) has a plurality of oil outlet holes for conveying lubricating oil to the components in the gearbox.

10. The gearbox according to claim 9, characterized in that: The oil pump device (50) further comprises a filter screen (53), wherein the filter screen (53) is arranged on the oil path between the oil outlet hole of the oil pump and the oil inlet hole of the valve body (51).

11. A car, characterized in that: The motor vehicle comprises a gearbox as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 10.

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