Bellows cutting tool and method of using same

Abstract

According to an aspect, there is provided a device for severing a bellows of nuclear reactor fuel channel assembly. The device includes a centering assembly configured to couple with an opening or liner of the fuel channel assembly and a support member. The support member configured to extend along a surface of the fuel channel assembly. The support member including a laser cutting tool configured to face toward a desired cut location. The laser cutting tool rotatably coupled to the centering assembly. According to an aspect, there is provided a method of severing a bellows of nuclear reactor tubing. The method including providing the device, coupling the centering assembly with fuel channel assembly, extending the support member to align the laser cutting tool with the desired cut location, actuating the laser cutting tool, and rotating the laser cutting tool around the fuel channel assembly.

Description

BELLOWS CUTTING TOOL AND METHOD OF USING SAMECROSS-REFERENCE

[0001] This application claims priority from United States patent application 63 / 594,621, titled “BELLOWS CUTTING TOOL AND METHOD OF USING SAME”, filed on October 31, 2023, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.FIELD

[0002] Embodiments of the present disclosure generally relate to the field of nuclear energy, and more specifically to devices, systems, and methods for improved bellows removal.BACKGROUND

[0003] The bellows offer a fuel channel assembly a degree of axial expansion / contraction over the course of the fuel channel assembly’s lifetime. During retube and decommissioning processes, the point of attachment between the bellows and the fuel channel assembly may be severed. In some instances, the bellows may be reused (e.g., in a retube situation). In some instances, the bellows may not be reused (e.g., during decommissioning). In some embodiments, the bellows themselves must be removed.

[0004] Improvements in bellows severing tools (and fuel channel severing tools) are desirable.SUMMARY

[0005] The bellows offer a fuel channel assembly a degree of axial expansion / contraction over the course of the fuel channel assembly’s lifetime. During retube and decommissioning processes, the point of attachment between the bellows and the fuel channel assembly may be severed. In some instances, the bellows may be reused (e.g., in a retube situation). In some instances, the bellows may not be reused (e.g., during decommissioning). In some embodiments, the bellows themselves must be removed. The tools developed for retube processes carry out severing processes that prepare the bellows for subsequent attachment to a new end fitting. This level of care may not be necessary for decommissioning processes and using the tools which are tailored for decommissioning processes can accelerate thebellows severance across the tube sheet and may be less prone to delay (by virtue of being a simple system). Furthermore, the development of smaller tools may enable the tools to be assembled on the face of the reactor.

[0006] Systems and methods presented herein are directed to a bellows cutting device which makes use of a laser cutting tool. The systems and methods may also perform a simpler bellows severance method which may be faster to carry out and disposed to being carried out on multiple bellows at once, thereby possibly vastly speeding up the process.

[0007] According to an aspect, there is provided a device for severing a bellows of nuclear reactor fuel channel assembly. The device includes a centering assembly configured to couple with an opening or liner of the fuel channel assembly and a support member coupled to the centering assembly. The support member configured to extend along a surface of the fuel channel assembly. The support member including a laser cutting tool configured to face toward a desired cut location. The laser cutting tool rotatably coupled to the centering assembly for rotating around a circumference of the fuel channel assembly.

[0008] In some embodiments, the centering assembly includes a drive assembly to rotate the laser cutting tool.

[0009] In some embodiments, the device is configured to couple to a bracing arm.

[0010] In some embodiments, the bracing arm comprises an engaging feature.

[0011] In some embodiments, the laser cutting tool is coupled to the support member and the support member is rotatably coupled to the centering assembly.

[0012] In some embodiments, the support member is configured to rotate around an axis defined by the centering assembly.

[0013] In some embodiments, the support member has a circular or semi-circular crosssection. The support member is configured to rotate around a volume for receiving the fuel channel assembly to align the laser cutting tool with the desired cut location.

[0014] In some embodiments, the desired location is an outboard portion of the bellows to sever an end fitting from the bellows.

[0015] In some embodiments, the desired location is in inboard portion of the bellows to sever the bellows and an end fitting from an end shield of the nuclear reactor.

[0016] In some embodiments, the centering assembly is configured to concentrically and coaxially align with an end fitting.

[0017] In some embodiments, the support member is configured to rotate around an axis defined by the centering assembly.

[0018] In some embodiments, the support member includes one or more support legs proximate to the laser cutting tool.

[0019] In some embodiments, the one or more support legs are radially interspaced between the fuel channel assembly and the support member.

[0020] In some embodiments, the device includes an orbiting drive to rotate the support member and laser cutting tool around the circumference of the fuel channel assembly.

[0021] In some embodiments, the desired cut location includes a first cut location and a second cut location. The first cut location is inboard of the bellows and the second location is outboard of the bellows.

[0022] In some embodiments, the desired cut location includes at least one of a weld connecting a bellows attachment ring to a bellows flange, a first convolution of the bellows, a last convolution of the bellows, and a bellows to ferrule separation.

[0023] In some embodiments, the device further includes a rotary drive for rotating the centering assembly about a longitudinal axis of the centering assembly for rotating the fuel channel assembly to confirm severance of the bellows.

[0024] In some embodiments, the laser cutting tool is configured to emit a laser in a line parallel to an axis of the fuel channel assembly.

[0025] In some embodiments, the laser cutting tool is configured to emit a laser in a line radial to an axis of the fuel channel assembly.

[0026] In some embodiments, the support member is a tube.

[0027] According to an aspect, there is provided a method of severing a bellows of nuclear reactor tubing. The method including providing the device described herein, coupling the centering assembly with fuel channel assembly, extending the support member to align the laser cutting tool with the desired cut location, actuating a laser of the laser cutting tool, and rotating the laser cutting tool around the circumference of the fuel channel assembly.

[0028] Many further features and combinations thereof concerning embodiments described herein will appear to those skilled in the art following a reading of the instant disclosure.DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0029] In the figures,

[0030] FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a CANDU™-type reactor.

[0031] FIG. 2 is a cutaway view of a CANDUTM-type nuclear reactor fuel channel assembly.

[0032] FIG. 3 illustrates a flow chart of a removal process for retubing a nuclear reactor according to some embodiments.

[0033] FIG. 4A illustrates a side view of an example fuel channel assembly with the bellows visible, according to some embodiments.

[0034] FIG. 4B illustrates a cross-section of the attachment between the bellows and the fuel channel assembly shown in FIG. 4A, according to some embodiments.

[0035] FIG. 5A illustrates a perspective view of an example semi-automated laser cutting device, according to some embodiments.

[0036] FIG. 5B illustrates a perspective of an example an laser head of the example semiautomated laser cutting device of FIG. 5A, according to some embodiments.

[0037] FIG. 5C illustrates a perspective view of the semi-automated laser cutting device of FIG. 5A reconfigured to conduct a cut confirmation, according to some embodiments.

[0038] FIG. 5D illustrates a top cross-sectional view of and end fitting with the semiautomated laser cutting device reconfigured to conduct a cut confirmation of FIG. 5C, according to some embodiments.

[0039] FIG. 5E illustrates a front view of the face of the end fittings with the semi-automated laser cutting device reconfigured to conduct a cut confirmation of FIG. 5C, according to some embodiments.

[0040] FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic of a semi-automated laser cutting device, according to some embodiments.

[0041] FIG. 7 illustrates an example inboard bellow cut location, according to some embodiments.

[0042] FIG. 8 illustrates a cross-section of the cut location for bellows to ferrule separation, according to some embodiments.

[0043] FIG. 9 illustrates the semi-automated laser cutting device of FIG. 6 with the centering assembly head aligned with the end fitting of a fuel channel assembly, according to some embodiments.

[0044] FIG. 10 illustrates the centering assembly and support tube shown in FIG. 9 selfaligning into the end fitting of the fuel channel assembly breech and liner, according to some embodiments.

[0045] FIG. 11 illustrates the semi-automated laser cutting device of FIG. 6 where the centering assembly and support tube are concentric and coaxial with the end fitting of the fuel channel assembly, according to some embodiments.

[0046] FIG. 12 the illustrates the semi-automated laser cutting device of FIG. 6 where the laser cutting device and retractable legs are inboard of the feeder port of the fuel channel assembly while the support tube advanced, according to some embodiments.

[0047] FIG. 13 illustrates the semi-automated laser cutting device of FIG. 6 with the support tube advanced to the primary cut position, according to some embodiments.

[0048] FIG. 14 illustrates a schematic process diagram for a method of cutting a fuel channel with a laser cutting device, according to some embodiments.

[0049] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of computing device, according to some embodiments.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0050] Before any embodiments are explained in detail, it is to be understood that the disclosure is not limited in its application to the details of construction and the arrangement of components set forth in the following description or illustrated in the accompanying drawings. The disclosure is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways.

[0051] DEFINITIONS

[0052] Although terms such as “maximize”, “minimize” and “optimize” may be used in the present disclosure, it should be understood that such term may be used to refer to improvements, tuning and refinements which may not be strictly limited to maximal, minimal or optimal.

[0053] The term “connected” or "coupled to" may include both direct coupling (in which two elements that are coupled to each other and contact each other) and indirect coupling (in which at least one additional element is located between the two elements).

[0054] The term “substantially” as used herein may be applied to modify any quantitative representation which could permissibly vary without resulting in a change in the basic function to which it is related.

[0055] Terms such as "up to", "at least", "greater than", "less than", "more than", "or more", and the like, include the number recited and such terms refer to ranges that can besubsequently broken down into sub-ranges. In the same manner, all ratios recited herein also include all sub-ratios falling within the broader ratio.

[0056] The singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include the plural reference unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. The term "and / or" means any one of the items, any combination of the items, or all of the items with which this term is associated.

[0057] The term "about" can refer to a variation of ± 5%, ± 10%, ± 20%, or± 25% of the value specified. For example, "about 50" percent can in some embodiments carry a variation from 45 to 55 percent. For integer ranges, the term "about" can include one or two integers greater than and / or less than a recited integer at each end of the range. Unless indicated otherwise herein, the term "about" is intended to include values and ranges proximate to the recited range that are equivalent in terms of the functionality of the composition, or the embodiment.

[0058] General Reactor Design Details.

[0059] FIG. 1 is a perspective of a reactor core of a CANDUTM-type reactor 6. The reactor core is typically contained within a vault that is sealed with an air lock for radiation control and shielding. Although aspects are described with particular reference to the CANDUTM-type reactor 6 for convenience, the disclosure is not limited to CANDU™-type reactors, and may be useful outside this particular field as well. A generally cylindrical vessel, known as the calandria vessel 10 of the CANDUTM-type reactor 6, contains a heavy-water moderator. The calandria vessel 10 has an annular shell 14 and a tube sheet 18 at a first end 22 and a second end 24. The tube sheets 18 include a plurality of apertures (referred to herein as bores 19) that each accept a fuel channel assembly 28. As shown in FIG. 1 , a number of fuel channel assemblies 28 pass through the tube sheets 18 of calandria vessel 10 from the first end 22 to the second end 24.

[0060] As in the illustrated embodiment of FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, in some embodiments the reactor core is provided with two walls at each end 22, 24 of the reactor core: an inner wall defined by the tube sheet 18 at each end 22, 24 of the reactor core, and an outer wall 64 (often referred to as a “end shield”) located a distance outboard from the tube sheet 18 at each end22, 24 of the reactor core. A lattice tube 65 spans the distance between the tube sheet 18 and the end shield 64 at each pair of bores 19 (i.e., in the tube sheet 18 and the end shield 64, respectively).

[0061] FIG. 2 is a cutaway view of one fuel channel assembly 28 of the reactor core illustrated in FIG. 1. As illustrated in FIG. 2, each fuel channel assembly 28 includes a calandria tube (“CT”) 32 surrounding other components of the fuel channel assembly 28. The CTs 32 each span the distance between the tube sheets 18. Also, the opposite ends of each CT 32 are received within and sealed to respective bores 19 in the tube sheets 18. In some embodiments, a rolled joint insert, for example calandria tube insert 34, is used to secure the CT 32 to the tube sheet 18 within the bores 19. A pressure tube (“PT”) 36 forms an inner wall of the fuel channel assembly 28. The PT 36 provides a conduit for reactor coolant and fuel bundles or assemblies 40. The PT 36, for example, generally holds two or more fuel assemblies 40, and acts as a conduit for reactor coolant that passes through each fuel assembly 40. An annulus space 44 is defined by a gap between each PT 36 and its corresponding CT 32. The annulus space 44 is normally filled with a circulating gas, such as dry carbon dioxide, helium, nitrogen, air, or mixtures thereof. One or more annulus spacers or garter springs 48 are disposed between the CT 32 and PT 36. The annulus spacers 48 maintain the gap between the PT 36 and the corresponding CT 32, while allowing passage of annulus gas through and around the annulus spacers 48.

[0062] As also shown in FIG. 2, each end of each fuel channel assembly 28 is provided with an end fitting assembly 50 located outside of the corresponding tube sheet 18. Each end fitting assembly 50 includes an end fitting body 57 and an end fitting liner 58. At the terminal end of each end fitting assembly 50 is a closure plug 52. Each end fitting assembly 50 also includes a feeder assembly 54. The feeder assemblies 54 feed reactor coolant into or remove reactor coolant from the PTs 36 via feeder tubes 59 (FIG. 1). In particular, for a single fuel channel assembly 28, the feeder assembly 54 on one end of the fuel channel assembly 28 acts as an inlet feeder, and the feeder assembly 54 on the opposite end of the fuel channel assembly 28 acts as an outlet feeder. As shown in FIG. 2, the feeder assemblies 54 can be attached to the end fitting assemblies 50 using a coupling assembly 56 including a number of screws, washers, seals, and / or other types of connectors. The lattice tube 65 (describedabove) encases the connection between the end fitting assembly 50 and the PT 36 containing the fuel assemblies 40. Shielding ball bearings 66 and cooling water surround the exterior of the lattice tubes 65, which provides additional radiation shielding.

[0063] A positioning hardware assembly 60 and bellows 62 are also coupled to each end fitting assembly 50. The bellows 62 allows the fuel channel assemblies 28 to move axially - a capability that can be important where fuel channel assemblies 28 experience changes in length over time, which is common in many reactors. The positioning hardware assemblies 60 can be used to set an end of a fuel channel assembly 28 in either a locked configuration that fixes the axial position, or an unlocked configuration. The positioning hardware assemblies 60 are also coupled to the end shield 64. The illustrated positioning hardware assemblies 60 each include a rod having an end that is received in a bore of the respective end shield 64. In some embodiments, the rod end and the bore in the end shield 64 are threaded. Again, it should be understood that although a CANDUTM-type reactor is illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the invention may also apply to other types of reactors, including reactors having components that are similar to those illustrated in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2.

[0064] Exemplary Removal Process for Retubing.

[0065] FIG. 3 illustrates a flow chart of a removal process for retubing a nuclear reactor according to some embodiments. Similar processes may be carried out for the decommissioning process. As shown in FIG. 3, the removal process starts with shutting down the reactor 6 (at step S70) and preparing the vault for retubing (at step S72). These steps can include various activities, such as defueling the reactor 6, draining the reactor’s primary heat transport system, installing an isolation bulkhead, installing and removing a temporary platform on a reactor area bridge to drain the fuel channel assemblies 28, removing the reactor area bridge, upgrading one or more vault cranes, vacuum drying one or more of the reactor’s heat transport systems, and other draining, drying, and ventilation activities. It should be understood that the steps needed to shut down the reactor 6 and prepare the vault can vary based on the specific configuration of the reactor.

[0066] At step S76, material handling equipment, a retube tooling platform (“RTP”), and other tool and equipment supports are installed. The RTP is an adjustable platform upon whichmuch of the fuel channel component removal operations are performed. In some embodiments, the RTP is a stand-alone machine that does not rely on existing plant structures for positioning or movement. Therefore, minimal structural bracing to existing plant structures may be needed to install the RTP, and any bracing used is only temporarily installed. In some embodiments, reactor area bridge columns are used to install the RTP. In other embodiments, four new columns are used. The four new columns can be precision-located within the vault, relative to the center point of the calandria vessel 10, using laser tracker technology. By positioning the columns in this way, the RTP is positioned to the as-built location of the calandria vessel 10 (including pitch and yaw), which may reduce the time spent during each transition to a new removal step or series to align tooling, and provides a precision tooling base that may permit the use of high accuracy indexing to each lattice site.

[0067] Installed and mounted on the RTP, and serving as the basis for tool delivery during the removal phase, are one or more heavy work tables (“HWTs”). The HWTs provide a platform that supports retubing equipment. At the completion of a removal process, the HWTs can be replaced with installation work tables (“IWTs”).

[0068] In preparation for removing the fuel channel assemblies 28, closure plugs 52 and positioning hardware assemblies 60 are removed from the fuel channel assemblies 28 (at steps S78, S80). Also, at step S82, feeder assemblies 54 are disconnected from the end fittings 50. These removals can be performed using manually installed and operated tooling. In some embodiments, two or more crews per reactor face can be used to perform these removals and disconnects. These series can be full face series; however, the manual nature and size of the tooling needed for these series permits overlap between these series.

[0069] As shown in FIG. 3, to remove the fuel channel assemblies 28, the bellows 62 are also severed (at step S84). To sever the bellows 62, a fuel channel annulus bellows cutting tool can be installed on the HWT (e.g., supported by the RTP). The bellows 62 are typically cut from an end fitting attachment at the bellows flange. During decommissioning, the bellows may be severed at, for example, the end shield and removed with the end fitting in one or more actions. The severing of the bellows is discussed in greater detail below (for both retubing and decommissioning processes). In some embodiments, the PTs 36 may be severed using a PT severing tool. The PTs 36 may be severed within the boundary of the endfitting 50 enveloping the PT 36. However, the PTs 36 can be severed at different positions, including the center of the PT 36. The reach of the PT severing tool can be modified as needed to cut the PTs 36 at the desired location(s).

[0070] As mentioned above, the removal pallet system is used to remove the end fittings 50 (at step S88). To perform this removal process in some embodiments, the pallet starts with an end fitting gripper mounted on the end of a chain drive. A receiving flask is loaded onto the pallet from above using an overhead vault crane. The rigid chain system advances through the center of the receiving flask to grip the end fitting 50, and then draws the end fitting 50 into the receiving flask. In some embodiments, no operators are required on the RTP during end fitting removal. However, the equipment can be shielded and local control can be supported so that direct line-of-sight with the equipment may be accommodated. Removal of full flasks and the installation of empty flasks can occur while the RTP is at the “home” position, which is level with the vault floor. Once the removal system is prepared, the RTP can be elevated to the required row, and tooling can be operated to remove the end fittings.

[0071] Once the end fittings 50 are removed and placed into a receiving flask, they can be transported for disposal. For example, as described above, a trolley system or automated guided vehicle can be installed in the reactor vault that extends through the airlock, and is used to transfer removed components out of the vault. The systems may eliminate or reduce many hazardous involved in manually-operated transfers.

[0072] In some embodiments, for example in decommissioning processes, the bellows 62 and end fittings 50 may be removed in the same action. For example, rather than severing the bellows 62 at step S84, the bellows 62 and, for example, the end fitting 50, may be severed at an inboard position and removed in one or more actions. Such variations may be advantageous to reduce the procedural complexity of the process, particularly, where the bellows 62 are not going to be reused (e.g., when decommissioning the reactors).

[0073] In some embodiments, after end fitting removal, the PTs 36 can be removed by pushing on the PT 36 from one end of the reactor with a push tool mounted on the removal pallet on the opposite side of the reactor. A containment flask can be mounted on the same pallet as used with the end fittings 50. The containment can be used to minimize the spreadof contamination from the PT 36, and to capture any fragments of the annulus spacers 48. The containment can is pushed into the lattice tube 65 up to the CT 32. The pushing of the PT 36 can be performed from the opposite side of the reactor with a trailing bung that sweeps the annulus spacer 48 fragments into the containment. Cleaning of the annulus spacer 48 fragments from the flared area of the CT 32 can also be performed by this sweep.

[0074] Calandria tube inserts 34 can be released and removed (at step S92). After the calandria tube inserts 34 are removed, the CTs 32 can be removed (at step S94) and the removal process is complete.

[0075] Exemplary Bellows.

[0076] FIG. 4A illustrates a side view of an example fuel channel assembly 402 with the bellows 404 visible, according to some embodiments.

[0077] The bellows 404 provide axial deformation about the fuel channel assembly 402 which can be helpful as the length of the pressure tubes may change over their lifetime. In some embodiments, the connection of the bellows 404 and the fuel channel assembly 402 can be severed and another fuel channel assembly can subsequently be installed. In some embodiments, for example when decommissioning or when replacing the bellows, the severance between the bellows 404 and the fuel channel assembly 402 can be carried out more quickly which may enable the use of simpler tools and devices that may be more compact.

[0078] FIG. 4B illustrates a cross-section of the attachment between the bellows 404 and the fuel channel assembly 402 about the plane A, according to some embodiments.

[0079] The bellows 404 may comprise the bellows flange 406. The bellows attachment ring 408 can encircle the fuel channel assembly 402. To connect the bellows 404 and the fuel channel assembly 402, the bellows flange 406 may be, for example, connected to the bellows attachment ring 408 through a weld 410.

[0080] In retube processes, it may be important to precisely remove the fuel channel assembly 402 by severing the weld 410 or elsewhere on the bellows flange 406 as needed.Such a removal can enable the bellows 404 to be reused for another fuel channel assembly 402.

[0081] In decommissioning processes, it may be possible to remove the bellows 404 by severing another component or the bellows 404 themselves. This may enable the process to be carried out with simpler tooling in a faster manner. This may enable the end fittings and bellows 404 to be removed from the tube sheet faster than if the tooling designed for retubing were used.

[0082] Laser Bellows Cutting Device.

[0083] Systems and methods presented herein are directed to a bellows cutting device which makes use of a laser cutting tool to sever the bellows. The systems and methods may also perform a simpler bellows severance method which may be faster to carry out and disposed to being carried out on multiple bellows at once, thereby possibly vastly speeding up the process.

[0084] FIG. 5A illustrates an example semi-automated laser cutting device 500, according to some embodiments.

[0085] The device 500 may comprise a centering assembly 503 comprising a drive assembly 502, a laser head support member 504, and a laser cutting tool 506.

[0086] In some embodiments, the centering assembly 503 may be configured to couple with an end fitting (see for example FIG. 5D). For example, the centering assembly 503 can be installed in the end fitting and locked to the end fitting. Accessibility may be limited near tube sheet (e.g., because of AGS lines, or adjacent bellows) around bellows for the bellows cut device 500 so a compact design is advantageous. For example, the centering assembly 503 may be configured to couple with the threads of the end fitting to aid the device in concentric and axial alignment with the fuel channel assembly. In some embodiments, the centering assembly 503 may be configured to couple with other components of the fuel channel assembly (e.g., if the end fitting has been removed).

[0087] As shown in FIG. 5B, the laser head support member 504 may generally be configured to extend over the fuel channel assembly to the cut position. In some embodiments, the laser head support member 504 may fully envelop the fuel channel assembly. In some embodiments, the laser head support member 504 may partially envelope the fuel channel assembly. In some embodiments, the laser head support member 504 may only be made up of one or more legs, arms, beams, rods, or other structural components. The laser head support member 504 can be secured over the end fitting and bellows.

[0088] The laser cutting tool 506 may be positioned at a distal end of the laser head support member 504. The laser cutting tool 506 may be configured to cut into the fuel channel assembly at a particular location (e.g., outboard of the bellows, within the bellows, e.g., the first or last convolution, inboard of the bellows, at the bellows to ferrule separation). The laser cutting tool 506 may posses the capability to position itself at the correct location to perform the cut.

[0089] This device 500 may be installed manually. This device 500 may be delivered on a table attached to a simple rail system to install, position, and perform the cut. Two or more devices 500 may be usable at the same time to cut the end fittings and bellows together because of their compact size. The end fitting and bellows may be transported and processed and packed at an appropriate location. In some embodiments, the device may be prefabricated and brought in for refurbishment, decommissioning, or other processes. In some embodiments, the device may be at least in part assembled on the face. Such embodiments may provide the technical advantages of being more straightforward to store and smaller in size. Assembling the device on the face can also make it more straightforward to remove or sever the bellows during downtime.

[0090] As illustrated in the figure, the laser cutting tool 506 may emit a laser 507 substantially parallel to the fuel channel assembly and into the first convolution of the bellows. In this example, the laser cutting tool 506 (and the laser head support member 504) may be configured to spin around the fuel channel assembly to cut the circumference of the first convolution of the bellows. In some embodiments, the laser cutting tool 506 may be configured to emit the laser 507 substantially perpendicular to the fuel channel assembly (e.g., in an radial line towards the axis of the fuel channel assembly). In such embodiments, the laser cuttingtool 506 may be positioned past the laser head support member 504 or the laser head may be configured to emit the laser 507 through an opening within the laser head support member 504. Such an embodiment may be useful to cut the bellows at, for example, a weld.

[0091] In some embodiments, the cut may be controlled by controlling the laser 507. For example, controlling variables like length of exposure, placement of the laser cutting tool 506, nature of the laser 507 (e.g., strength, e.g., voltage and / or wavelength) may control the depth and position of the cut. For example, by adjusting laser 507 variables, the precise position of the cut can be adjusted without moving the laser cutting tool 506. This may be useful in situations where the fuel channel assemblies have differences between them. This may also simplify the tooling needed around the fuel channels (by limiting or eliminating the need for a laser cutting tool 506 that can change its position relative to the laser head support member 504).

[0092] An advantage of using a laser 507 instead of a mechanical cutting tool (e.g., a cutting wheel) may be that the laser 507 may produce less or no dust or debris from the cutting process. Debris may become radioactive if it enters the reactor and consequently its capture may be helpful to reduce reactivity transport throughout the vault. The devices described herein may obviate the need for debris capture measures (for example, the device 500 may be implemented without a vacuum unit to capture the debris). This may enable the device 500 to be more compact to fit between the fuel channel assemblies more easily.

[0093] In operation, the device 500 may be configured to cut around the circumference of the fuel channel assembly. For example, the drive assembly 502 may be configured to spin the laser head support member 504 and the laser cutting tool 506 to cut around the circumference of the fuel channel assembly. In some embodiments, the laser cutting tool 506 may be configured to spin about the laser head support member 504. In some embodiments, the device 500 may be configured for manual spinning (e.g., by workers or other automatic implements). Other spinning mechanisms are conceived. In an embodiment, laser head support member 504 may position laser cutting tool 506 approximately an equal distance from the fuel channel assembly as laser cutting tool 506 is rotated about a longitudinal axis of the fuel channel assembly.

[0094] In some embodiments, the device 500 may be configured with the laser head support member 504 to enter the fuel channel assembly and cut the fuel channel assembly from the interior. In such embodiments, the laser head support member 504 may be configured to extend into the end fitting (or other component of the fuel channel assembly) through the drive assembly 502. The laser cutting tool 506 may be disposed on the exterior or a distal location of the laser head support member 504 to actuate and cut the fuel channel assembly.

[0095] In some embodiments, the device 500 may be configured with an interior and exterior laser head support member 504. In some embodiments one or both of the interior and exterior laser head support member may include a laser cutting tool 506.

[0096] In some embodiments, the cut location for the device 500 may be the weld that connects the bellows to the end fitting. In some embodiments, the cut location may be the first convolution of the bellows. In some embodiments, the cut location may be the last convolution of the bellows. In some embodiments, the cut location may be the bellows to ferrule separation. In some embodiments, other cut locations are conceived.

[0097] In some embodiments, the device 500 may be fully automated. For example, if it is mounted to a delivery table and remotely operated for delivery and operation. In some embodiments, a dedicated device 500 may be capable of cutting all bellows off the tube sheet and remove them may be provided

[0098] In some embodiments, the device 500 can be installed on the target end fitting and bellows that is to be cut. The device 500 can be secured to adjacent end fittings to prevent the rotation of the device 500 during operation. In some embodiments, once the laser beam positioned and confirmed at the correct location, automated rotation around the bellows may be remotely initiated.

[0099] In some embodiments, end fitting flasks and large waste containers may be modified to accept the end fitting with the bellows attached.

[0100] FIG. 5C illustrates a perspective view of the semi-automated laser cutting device500 of FIG. 5A reconfigured to conduct a cut confirmation, according to some embodiments.

[0101] FIG. 5D illustrates a top cross-sectional view of and end fitting with the semiautomated laser cutting device 500 reconfigured to conduct a cut confirmation of FIG. 5C, according to some embodiments.

[0102] FIG. 5E illustrates a front view of the face of the end fittings with the semi-automated laser cutting device 500 reconfigured to conduct a cut confirmation of FIG. 5C, according to some embodiments.

[0103] In some embodiments, the device 500 may be reconfigurable. For example, the device 500 may be reconfigured by removing the laser head support member 504 and the laser cutting tool 506 and replacing them with bracing arms 508. The bracing arms 508 may be used to perform, for example, cut confirmation. After the cutting with the laser cutting tool 506, it may be procedurally expedient to check the completion of the cut. This ensures that the cut can be performed again before uninstalling the device 500 (and therefore avoiding the need to reinstall it on the fuel channel assembly).

[0104] The bracing arms 508 can be installed on the drive assembly 502. The bracing arms 508 can be configured to brace the device 500 with engaging features 509 such as arms inserted into one or more adjacent fuel channel assemblies. The engaging features 509 may couple with the fuel channel assembly. In this configuration, when the drive assembly 502 is actuated it will rotate the fuel channel assembly. If the fuel channel assembly rotates, it confirms the cut. In some embodiments, the drive assembly 502 may be configured to apply a degree of rotational force. The force applied while in cut confirmation conformation may differ than the force applied while spinning the laser head support member 504. Limiting the rotational force may prevent the drive assembly 502 or the bracing arms 508 from being damaged or the bracing arms 508 damaging the neighbouring fuel channel assemblies. In some embodiments, there may only be one bracing arm 508. In some embodiments, there may be four bracing arms 508 (e.g., to engage with the fuel channel assemblies left, right, above, and below, the fuel channel being tested). In some embodiments, the bracing arms 508 may be configured to engage with the exterior of neighbouring fuel channel assemblies (or another structural component).

[0105] According to an aspect, there is provided a device 500 for severing a bellows of nuclear reactor fuel channel assembly. The device 500 includes a centering assembly 503 configured to couple with an opening or liner of the fuel channel assembly and a support member 504 coupled to the centering assembly 503. The support member 504 configured to extend along a surface of the fuel channel assembly. The support member 504 including a laser cutting tool 506 configured to face toward a desired cut location. The laser cutting tool 506 rotatably coupled to the centering assembly 503 for rotating around a circumference of the fuel channel assembly.

[0106] In some embodiments, the centering assembly 503 includes a drive assembly 502 to rotate the laser cutting tool 506.

[0107] In some embodiments, the device 500 is configured to couple to a bracing arm 508.

[0108] In some embodiments, the bracing arm 508 includes an engaging feature 509.

[0109] FIG. 6 illustrates a schematic of another semi-automated laser cutting device 600, according to some embodiments.

[0110] In some embodiments, the device 600 may be configured to align with a fuel channel assembly 602. The device 600 may insert a centering assembly 604 into the breech of the end fitting of the fuel channel assembly 602 to align the device 600 with the end fitting of the fuel channel assembly 602. The device 600 may then be configured to extend to envelope the exterior of the fuel channel assembly 602 with a support member such as a support tube 606. The support tube 606 may include a laser cutting tool 630. The support tube 606 may extend to position the laser cutting tool 630 at the cutting location. The laser cutting tool 630 may then approach the fuel channel assembly and cut the fuel channel assembly 602. The support tube 606 may be configured to rotate the laser cutting tool 630 around the fuel channel assembly 602 to cut the fuel channel assembly 602. In an embodiment, support tube 606 may position laser cutting tool 630 approximately an equal distance from the fuel channel assembly as laser cutting tool 630 is rotated about a longitudinal axis of the fuel channel assembly 602. Support tube 606 may concentrically and coaxially align with fuel channel assembly 602, such that the laser cutting tool 630 is configured to rotate around an axis defined by the support tube 606.

[0111] Cut Location.

[0112] The systems and methods described herein can be used to sever the bellows at a variety of locations. The location of the bellows cut may be selected by an operator based on the goal of the severance. For example, the bellows may be cut at an inboard location (e.g., towards the tube sheet) or at an outboard location (e.g., away from the tube sheet).

[0113] As described with reference to FIG. 3, different removal objectives may preference different cut locations. For example, if the bellows are to be reused (e.g., as part of, for example, refurbishment), then the cut location may be at an outboard location to sever the bellows at, for example, the attachment weld. If, however, the objective is to fully remove the bellows (e.g., decommissioning or because the bellows is damaged), then other locations may be preferable. In some embodiments, the bellows may be cut on one of the convolutions of the bellows. In some embodiments, the bellows may be cut on the first or last convolution of the bellows. In some embodiments, the bellows may be cut at an inboard location such as past the bellows (e.g., the bellow to ferrule separation). The convolutions of the bellows may be thinner than other components of the fuel channel assembly and thus may be more straightforward to cut. In some embodiments, while cutting the bellows, other components such as the end tube may also be cut. In some embodiments, the systems and methods described herein can be adapted to cut other components of the fuel channel assembly.

[0114] Outboard Cut.

[0115] In some embodiments, the cut may be applied to an outboard location (e.g., on the weld of the bellows attachment ring, on the first convolution of the bellows, etc.). In some embodiments, the method may sever the bellows from the end fitting. In some embodiments, the same device may be configured to further sever the bellows from, for example, the end shield or tube sheet. In some embodiments, a different device may be configured to sever the bellows from the end shield.

[0116] FIG. 7 illustrates an example outboard cut location 702, according to some embodiments.

[0117] The device described herein may be configured to cut the fuel channel assembly 700 at a location outboard of the bellows 702. This may sever the bellows from the end fitting such that the end fitting may be removed and disposed of. The bellows may further be severed from the tube sheet in a subsequent step.

[0118] In some embodiments, the bellows may be removed by: 1. Removing the positioning assembly hardware; 2. Cutting the bellows from the end fitting (i.e. , at an outboard location);3. Cutting the pressure tube; 4. Removing and flasking the end fitting / shield plug and installing thumbtack; 5. Releasing / Removing and flasking the combined calandria tube insert; 6. Removing and reducing volume of the pressure tube / calandria tube; and 7. Removing the bellows (i.e., at an inboard location).

[0119] In some embodiments, the bellows cutting device described herein can be introduced to cut bellows at, for example, the weld of the bellows attachment ring or the first convolution. The bellows cut can be performed in parallel with other series from positioning assembly removal through end fitting removal, during downtime, planned or unplanned. In such embodiments, the bellows may be cut off at the end fitting. A bellows laser cutting device may prove advantageous. The bellows laser cutting device may be smaller in size with shorter cutting times. Several devices may be used on one face. The end fitting / shield plug removal flask may be modified to ensure the extra bellows stub can fit into flask.

[0120] Furthermore, in some embodiments, the bellows may then be cut inboard at, for example, the bellows to ferrule separation or the last convolution for a subsequent removal of the bellows.

[0121] Inboard Cut.

[0122] In some embodiments, the bellows may be removed by cutting the bellows at an inboard location (e.g., at the last bellows convolution, between the bellows and the ferrule, anywhere along the inboard flange). Such embodiments may enable the removal of the bellows and the end fitting at the same time. Such embodiments may equally enable the removal of the bellows separately (e.g., at the end of a decommissioning process). In someembodiments, simpler laser cutting devices may be better capable of fitting into the space near to the tube sheet when crowded with neighbouring fuel channel assemblies.

[0123] FIG. 8 illustrates a cross-section of the cut location 804 for bellows 802 to ferrule separation, according to some embodiments.

[0124] The cut location 804 can be in the inboard side of the bellows 802. For example, the cut location 804 may be inboard of the last convolution. This can enable the system to remove both the bellows 802 and the end fitting with one process. In some embodiments, the end fitting may be removed prior to removing the bellows 802.

[0125] In some embodiments, once the bellows are cut at the inboard cut location 804 it may leave a remnant. The remnant may then be cut and removed at the remnant cut location 806. The remnant cut location 806 may enable the remnant to be removed before the installation of a new bellows.

[0126] In some embodiments, the bellows may be removed by: 1. Removing the positioning assembly hardware; 2. Cutting the bellows at tube sheet (i.e., at an inboard location); 3. Cutting the pressure tube; 4. Removing and flasking end fitting / shield plug / bellows, and installing thumbtack; 5. Releasing / removing, and flasking of the combined calandria tube insert; and 6. Removing and reducing volume of the combined pressure tube / calandria tube.

[0127] In some embodiments, bellows can be removed with end fitting and may not require a separate operation at the end to remove the bellows. In some embodiments, existing end fitting shuttle flask may be modified to accept the end fitting and bellows attached.

[0128] Exemplary Method of Using Bellows Cut Device.

[0129] The following describes an example method which may be implemented to sever the bellows at an inboard location using a semi-automated device 600 by way of example only. The concepts discussed in the following exemplary method may equally be applied to other methods and devices that fall in the scope of this disclosure. In some embodiments, the tool delivery systems at opposing sides of the reactor, e.g., differing reactor faces, may be the same. In some embodiments, the tool delivery system may be modified depending on thelocation, for example, one location may have cut confirmation finger assemblies, an impact rod assembly, and a compression detection sensor which may not be present in another location.

[0130] FIG. 9 illustrates the device 600 with the centering assembly head 610 aligned with the end fitting of the fuel channel assembly 602, according to some embodiments.

[0131] The centering assembly head 610 can be concentrically aligned with the end fitting of the fuel channel assembly 602 using the motions of the worktable 612, (see, for example, FIG. 9).

[0132] The centering assembly 604 and support tube 606 can be advanced inboard. This can push the centering assembly head 610 into the end fitting breech and liner. The airbags 636 can assist in allowing the centering assembly 604 and support tube 606 to self-al ign during this operation. Airbags 636 may allow support tube 606 to pitch at an angle relative to a horizontal plane.

[0133] As illustrated in the figure, the laser cutting tool 630 may overhang the support tube 606 such that the laser can be emitted directly down onto the fuel channel assembly 602 when positioned. In some embodiments, the laser can be emitted through an opening in the support tube 606. In other embodiments, the laser may be emitted in a line parallel with the fuel channel assembly 602 (e.g., in a manner that cuts the first convolution of the bellows).

[0134] FIG. 10 illustrates the centering assembly 604 and support tube self-aligning into the end fitting of the fuel channel assembly 602 breech and liner, according to some embodiments.

[0135] The centering assembly 604 and support tube 606 can be advanced slowly inboard until the centering assembly head alignment flange contacts the end fitting face. This may position alignment nibs 616 inboard of the first row of annular lugs (thread) in the breech of the end fitting. Other securing methods are conceived.

[0136] The centering assembly 604 can be rotated until the alignment nibs 616 lock behind the end fitting annular lugs. This may cause the alignment flange to become parallel to the end fitting face. This can be confirmed by alignment sensors. The end fitting of the fuel channelassembly 602, centering assembly 604, and support tube 606 may now be concentric and coaxial (see, for example, FIG. 11).

[0137] FIG. 11 illustrates the device 600 where the centering assembly 604 and support tube 606 are concentric and coaxial with the end fitting of the fuel channel assembly 602, according to some embodiments.

[0138] The main frame may be clamped in position against the manual alignment clamps using, for example, the airbags 636, to allow the centering assembly 604 and support tube 606 to support the end fitting of the fuel channel assembly 602 during and after cutting. The main frame can support the centering assembly 604 and support tube 606.

[0139] The support tube 606 can be advanced to position the laser cutting tool 630 and retractable legs 628 at the cutting location (e.g., inboard of the feeder port; see, for example, FIG. 12).

[0140] FIG. 12 illustrates the device 600 where the laser cutting tool 630 and retractable legs 628 are inboard of the feeder port of the fuel channel assembly 602 while the support tube 606 advanced, according to some embodiments.

[0141] The retractable legs 628 can be rotated (e.g., manually) into their deployed positions. The retractable legs 628 may assist the laser cutting tool 630 to stay in position and by resisting unwanted axial movement.

[0142] In some embodiments, various sensors and cameras may be implemented to ensure proper positioning of the device. For example, a compression detection sensor may aid in avoiding the annulus gas system tubing and read off, for example, the spot face around the tube sheet threaded holes. In some embodiments, a forward-facing camera can assist in this process. In some embodiments, the end fitting may be pulled from the end fitting face to take the bellows out of compression. A programmable logic controller may calculate the distance from the end fitting face to the spot face and determine how much the end fitting has to be pulled to ensure the bellows are out of compression. In some embodiments, the end fittings may not be pulled.

[0143] The support tube 606 can be advanced to the primary cut position. In some embodiments, the position can be controlled by an axial alignment sensor (e.g., a fiber optic thru beam that switches when sensing the outboard face of the bellows attachment ring). In some embodiments, a fixed forward-facing sensor (non-telescopic) reads off the spot face and the laser cutting tool 630 is positioned from that reading. In some embodiments, other axial alignment control methods are conceived. In some embodiments, the laser cutting tool 630 may modify parameters (e.g., strength of the laser, voltage, wavelength, exposure time, etc.) of the laser to adjust the precise cut position of the laser.

[0144] FIG. 13 illustrates the device 600 with the support tube 606 advanced to the primary cut position, according to some embodiments.

[0145] The laser cutting tool 630 can be advanced towards the fuel channel assembly and the laser activated. In some embodiments, the laser cutting tool 630 may modify parameters (e.g., strength of the laser, voltage, wavelength, exposure time, etc.) of the laser to control the depth of cut. The laser cutting tool 630 may provide the advantage over other cutting modalities by providing a means to adjust the depth of cutting without physically adjusting any components (e.g., without needing to precisely move a cutter).

[0146] The laser cutting tool 630 can be rotated until the flange sleeve is completely severed. This may be accomplished with, for example, an orbiting drive or other mechanism (e.g., another drive mechanism).

[0147] The laser cutting tool 630 can be deactivated. In some embodiments, cut confirmation can be carried out to ensure that the cut was successful (described in greater detail below).

[0148] The support tube 606 can be retracted to the leg rotating position. The retractable legs 628 can be rotated (e.g., manually) into their retracted positions. In some embodiments, the support tube 606 may be rotated to a correct orientation for the specific feeder port configuration. The support tube 606 can be fully retracted to its initial axial position.

[0149] In some embodiments, the device 600 may include a mechanism to secure the end fitting (e.g., the end fitting breech and liner) as the centering assembly head 610 is retractedfrom the breech. The support tube 606 and axial restraint can be simultaneously held in position while fully retracting the centering assembly head 610 from the breech of the end fitting.

[0150] The support tube 606 can be fully retracted to its initial axial position. The end fitting axial restraint can be retracted (e.g., manually).

[0151] The tool delivery system can be cleaned (e.g., with the vacuum wand) and returned to its initial position. The tool delivery system can be advanced to the next target end fitting using the motions of the worktable 612 and the process repeated.

[0152] Cut Confirmation.

[0153] In some embodiments, the device 600 may further be used to check the cut. Such processes may be important for efficiency. For example, the device 600 is already in a configuration wherein mere minor adjustment may be required to perform a second cut at a different location. There may be many ways of performing cut confirmation and the manner chosen may vary based on, for example, the device used (e.g., automatic, semi-automatic, manual) or the position of the cut (e.g., refurbishment cuts may be carried out with greater care to attempt to preserve the bellows).

[0154] In some embodiments, the end fitting (and attached bellows attachment ring) can be rotated using the centering assembly rotary mechanism using, for example, a maximum force. If rotation is achieved, the cut may be confirmed and the process can be continued. If rotation is not achieved, then additional steps to sever the bellows may be carried out (see for example, referring to FIG. 5C to FIG. 5E, bracing arms 608 can be implemented to brace a drive assembly 502 so that it can attempt to rotate the fuel channel assembly to confirm the cut).

[0155] An impact rod assembly can be rotated (e.g., manually) into its deployed position. The support tube 606 and attached impact rod can be rotated and impacted as necessary. Cut confirmation can be repeated. If the cut is confirmed, then the process may proceed. If confirmation is not achieved, then further additional steps to sever the bellows may be carried out.

[0156] The impact rod assembly can be rotated (e.g., manually) into its retracted position. The support tube 606 can be retracted to the leg rotating position and cut confirmation finger assemblies can be attached. The support tube 606 can be advanced until the cut confirmation fingers contact the heat ring. An axial force can be applied. If fingers / support tube 606 advance by a distance, then cut is confirmed. The support tube 606 can be returned to the leg rotating position, the cut confirmation fingers can be removed and the process can continue. If fingers do not advance, then other steps may be required (e.g., checking the device and starting again in a contingency cut location).

[0157] Cut confirmation may also be carried out using visual inspection from a camera and rotation of the centering assembly. For example, if a gap is observed, then the cut is confirmed. As a further example, the end fitting may be pulled or rotated and if a gap is then observed then the cut is confirmed. In some embodiments, a mechanism can push on the bellows to see if they compress independently of the fuel channel assembly, if they do then the cut is confirmed. Many further manners of cut confirmation may be carried out.

[0158] Exemplary Device.

[0159] Referring to FIG. 6 according to an aspect, there is provided a device 600 for severing a bellows of nuclear reactor fuel channel assembly 602. The device 600 includes a centering assembly 604 configured to couple with an opening or liner of the fuel channel assembly 602 and a support member 606 coupled to the centering assembly 604. The support member 606 configured to extend along a surface of the fuel channel assembly 602. The support member 606 including a laser cutting tool 630 configured to face toward a desired cut location. The laser cutting tool 630 rotatably coupled to the centering assembly 604 for rotating around a circumference of the fuel channel assembly 602.

[0160] In some embodiments, the laser cutting tool 630 is coupled to the support member 606 and the support member is rotatably coupled to the centering assembly 604.

[0161] In some embodiments, the support member 606 is configured to rotate around an axis defined by the centering assembly 604.

[0162] In some embodiments, the support member 606 has a circular or semi-circular cross-section. The support member 606 can be configured to rotate around a volume for receiving the fuel channel assembly 602 to align the laser cutting tool 630 with the desired cut location.

[0163] In some embodiments, the desired location is an outboard portion of the bellows to sever an end fitting from the bellows.

[0164] In some embodiments, the desired location is in inboard portion of the bellows to sever the bellows and an end fitting from an end shield of the nuclear reactor.

[0165] In some embodiments, the centering assembly 604 is configured to concentrically and coaxially align with an end fitting.

[0166] In some embodiments, the support member 606 is configured to rotate around an axis defined by the centering assembly 604.

[0167] In some embodiments, the support member 606 includes one or more support legs 628 proximate to the laser cutting tool 630.

[0168] In some embodiments, the one or more support legs 628 are radially interspaced between the fuel channel assembly 602 and the support member 606.

[0169] In some embodiments, the device 600 comprises an orbiting drive to rotate the support member 606 and laser cutting tool 630 around the circumference of the fuel channel assembly 602.

[0170] In some embodiments, the desired cut location includes a first cut location and a second cut location. The first cut location is inboard of the bellows and the second location is outboard of the bellows.

[0171] In some embodiments, the desired cut location includes at least one of a weld connecting a bellows attachment ring to a bellows flange, a first convolution of the bellows, a last convolution of the bellows, and a bellows to ferrule separation.

[0172] In some embodiments, the device 600 further includes a rotary drive for rotating the centering assembly 604 about a longitudinal axis of the centering assembly 604 for rotating the fuel channel assembly 602 to confirm severance of the bellows.

[0173] In some embodiments, the laser cutting tool 630 is configured to emit a laser in a line parallel to an axis of the fuel channel assembly 602.

[0174] In some embodiments, the laser cutting tool 630 is configured to emit a laser in a line radial to an axis of the fuel channel assembly 602.

[0175] In some embodiments, the support member 606 is a tube.

[0176] Exemplary Method of Implementing a Device.

[0177] FIG. 14 illustrates a schematic process diagram for a method 1400 of cutting a fuel channel with a laser cutting device, according to some embodiments.

[0178] According to an aspect, there is provided a method 1400 of severing a bellows of nuclear reactor tubing. The method 1400 including providing the device described herein (block 1402), coupling the centering assembly with fuel channel assembly (block 1404), extending the support member to align the laser cutting tool with the desired cut location (block 1406), actuating a laser of the laser cutting tool (block 1408), and rotating the laser cutting tool around the circumference of the fuel channel assembly (block 1410).

[0179] Computer Implementation Details.

[0180] The embodiments of the devices, systems and methods described herein may be implemented in a combination of both hardware and software. These embodiments may be implemented on programmable computers, each computer including at least one processor, a data storage system (including volatile memory or non-volatile memory or other data storage elements or a combination thereof), and at least one communication interface.

[0181] Program code is applied to input data to perform the functions described herein and to generate output information. The output information is applied to one or more output devices. In some embodiments, the communication interface may be a networkcommunication interface. In embodiments in which elements may be combined, the communication interface may be a software communication interface, such as those for interprocess communication. In still other embodiments, there may be a combination of communication interfaces implemented as hardware, software, and combination thereof.

[0182] Throughout the foregoing discussion, numerous references will be made regarding servers, services, interfaces, portals, platforms, or other systems formed from computing devices. It should be appreciated that the use of such terms is deemed to represent one or more computing devices having at least one processor configured to execute software instructions stored on a computer readable tangible, non-transitory medium. For example, a server can include one or more computers operating as a web server, database server, or other type of computer server in a manner to fulfill described roles, responsibilities, or functions.

[0183] The technical solution of embodiments may be in the form of a software product. The software product may be stored in a non-volatile or non-transitory storage medium, which can be a compact disk read-only memory (CD-ROM), a USB flash disk, or a removable hard disk. The software product includes a number of instructions that enable a computer device (personal computer, server, or network device) to execute the methods provided by the embodiments.

[0184] The embodiments described herein can be implemented by physical computer hardware, including computing devices, servers, receivers, transmitters, processors, memory, displays, and networks. The embodiments described herein provide useful physical machines and particularly configured computer hardware arrangements. The embodiments described herein are directed to electronic machines and methods implemented by electronic machines adapted for processing and transforming electromagnetic signals which represent various types of information. The embodiments described herein pervasively and integrally relate to machines, and their uses; and the embodiments described herein have no meaning or practical applicability outside their use with computer hardware, machines, and various hardware components. Substituting the physical hardware particularly configured to implement various acts for non-physical hardware, using mental steps for example, may substantially affect the way the embodiments work. Such computer hardware limitations areclearly essential elements of the embodiments described herein, and they cannot be omitted or substituted for mental means without having a material effect on the operation and structure of the embodiments described herein. The computer hardware is essential to implement the various embodiments described herein and is not merely used to perform steps expeditiously and in an efficient manner.

[0185] FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of computing device 1500, according to some embodiments. As depicted, computing device 1500 includes at least one processor 1502, memory 1504, at least one I / O interface 1506, and at least one network interface 1508. A computing device 1500 may be used to control and operate the systems and methods described herein.

[0186] For simplicity only one computing device 1500 is shown but system may include more computing devices 1500 operable by users to access remote network resources and exchange data. The computing devices 1500 may be the same or different types of devices. The computing device 1500 at least one processor, a data storage device (including volatile memory or non-volatile memory or other data storage elements or a combination thereof), and at least one communication interface. The computing device components may be connected in various ways including directly coupled, indirectly coupled via a network, and distributed over a wide geographic area and connected via a network (which may be referred to as “cloud computing”).

[0187] For example, and without limitation, the computing device may be a server, network appliance, set-top box, embedded device, computer expansion module, personal computer, laptop, personal data assistant, cellular telephone, smartphone device, LIMPC tablets, video display terminal, gaming console, electronic reading device, and wireless hypermedia device or any other computing device capable of being configured to carry out the methods described herein.

[0188] Each processor 1502 may be, for example, any type of general-purpose microprocessor or microcontroller, a digital signal processing (DSP) processor, an integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array (FPGA), a reconfigurable processor, a programmable read-only memory (PROM), or any combination thereof.

[0189] Memory 1504 may include a suitable combination of any type of computer memory that is located either internally or externally such as, for example, random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), compact disc read-only memory (CDROM), electro-optical memory, magneto-optical memory, erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), and electrically-erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), Ferroelectric RAM (FRAM) or the like.

[0190] Each I / O interface 1506 enables computing device 1500 to interconnect with one or more input devices, such as a keyboard, mouse, camera, touch screen and a microphone, or with one or more output devices such as a display screen and a speaker.

[0191] Each network interface 1508 enables computing device 1500 to communicate with other components, to exchange data with other components, to access and connect to network resources, to serve applications, and perform other computing applications by connecting to a network (or multiple networks) capable of carrying data including the Internet, Ethernet, plain old telephone service (POTS) line, public switch telephone network (PSTN), integrated services digital network (ISDN), digital subscriber line (DSL), coaxial cable, fiber optics, satellite, mobile, wireless (e.g. Wi-Fi, WiMAX), SS7 signaling network, fixed line, local area network, wide area network, and others, including any combination of these.

[0192] Computing device 1500 is operable to register and authenticate users (using a login, unique identifier, and password for example) prior to providing access to applications, a local network, network resources, other networks and network security devices. Computing devices 1500 may serve one user or multiple users.

[0193] Implementation Details.

[0194] The following discussion provides many example embodiments. Although each embodiment represents a single combination of inventive elements, other examples may include all possible combinations of the disclosed elements. Thus if one embodiment comprises elements A, B, and C, and a second embodiment comprises elements B and D, other remaining combinations of A, B, C, or D, may also be used.

[0195] Although the embodiments have been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made herein without departing from the scope as defined by the appended claims.

[0196] Moreover, the scope of the present application is not intended to be limited to the particular embodiments of the process, machine, manufacture, composition of matter, means, methods and steps described in the specification. As one of ordinary skill in the art will readily appreciate from the disclosure of the present invention, processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps, presently existing or later to be developed, that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same result as the corresponding embodiments described herein may be utilized. Accordingly, the appended claims are intended to include within their scope such processes, machines, manufacture, compositions of matter, means, methods, or steps

[0197] As can be understood, the examples described above and illustrated are intended to be exemplary only. The scope is indicated by the appended claims.

Claims

WHAT IS CLAIMED IS:

1. A device for severing a bellows of nuclear reactor fuel channel assembly, the device comprising: a centering assembly configured to couple with an opening or liner of the fuel channel assembly; and a support member coupled to the centering assembly, the support member configured to extend along a surface of the fuel channel assembly, the support member comprising a laser cutting tool configured to face toward a desired cut location, the laser cutting tool rotatably coupled to the centering assembly for rotating around a circumference of the fuel channel assembly.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the centering assembly comprises a drive assembly to rotate the laser cutting tool.

3. The device of claim 2, wherein the device is configured to couple to a bracing arm.

4. The device of claim 3, wherein the bracing arm comprises an engaging feature.

5. The device of claim 1 , wherein the laser cutting tool is coupled to the support member and the support member is rotatably coupled to the centering assembly.

6. The device of claim 5, wherein the support member is configured to rotate around an axis defined by the centering assembly.

7. The device of claim 5, wherein the support member has a circular or semi-circular cross-section, and wherein the support member is configured to rotate around a volume for receiving the fuel channel assembly to align the laser cutting tool with the desired cut location.

8. The device of claim 1, wherein the desired location is an outboard portion of the bellows to sever an end fitting from the bellows.

9. The device of claim 1 , wherein the desired location is in inboard portion of the bellows to sever the bellows and an end fitting from an end shield of the nuclear reactor.

10. The device of claim 1 , wherein the centering assembly is configured to concentrically and coaxially align with an end fitting.11 . The device of claim 1 , wherein the support member comprises one or more support legs proximate to the laser cutting tool.

12. The device of claim 11 , wherein the one or more support legs are radially interspaced between the fuel channel assembly and the support member.

13. The device of claim 1 , wherein the device comprises an orbiting drive to rotate the support member and laser cutting tool around the circumference of the fuel channel assembly.

14. The device of claim 1 , wherein the desired cut location comprises a first cut location and a second cut location, wherein the first cut location is inboard of the bellows and the second location is outboard of the bellows.

15. The device of claim 1 , wherein the desired cut location comprises at least one of a weld connecting a bellows attachment ring to a bellows flange, a first convolution of the bellows, a last convolution of the bellows, and a bellows to ferrule separation.

16. The device of claim 1 , comprising a rotary drive for rotating the centering assembly about a longitudinal axis of the centering assembly for rotating the fuel channel assembly to confirm severance of the bellows.

17. The device of claim 1 , wherein the laser cutting tool is configured to emit a laser in a line parallel to an axis of the fuel channel assembly.

18. The device of claim 1 , wherein the laser cutting tool is configured to emit a laser in a line radial to an axis of the fuel channel assembly.

19. The device of any one of claims 1-18, wherein the support member is a tube.

0. A method of severing a bellows of nuclear reactor tubing, the method comprising: providing the device of any one of claims 1-19; coupling the centering assembly with fuel channel assembly; extending the support member to align the laser cutting tool with the desired cut location; actuating a laser of the laser cutting tool; and rotating the laser cutting tool around the circumference of the fuel channel assembly.

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