Power supply module, power supply system, and nuclear fusion reaction system

Abstract

The present application provides a power supply module, a power supply system, and a nuclear fusion reaction system. The power supply module comprises a high-voltage direct-current power supply, a high-voltage capacitor unit, a thyristor, a first switch, and a freewheeling diode; the positive electrode of the high-voltage direct-current power supply is connected to the first end of the first switch, the second end of the first switch is connected to the first end of the high-voltage capacitor unit, and the negative electrode of the high-voltage direct-current power supply is connected to the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit; the first end of the high-voltage capacitor unit is further connected to the anode of the thyristor, the cathode of the thyristor is connected to the output end of the freewheeling diode, and the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit is further connected to the input end of the freewheeling diode; the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit and the cathode of the thyristor are further used for being respectively connected to the two ends of a load unit.

Description

Power modules, power systems and nuclear fusion reaction systems

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on November 1, 2023, with application number "202311440931.9" and invention name "Power module, power system and nuclear fusion reaction system", the entire content of which is incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of power electronics technology, and in particular to a power supply module, a power supply system, and a nuclear fusion reaction system. Background Art

[0003] With the development of electronic technology, electronic devices with various functions are becoming more and more numerous. These devices have different current requirements. For example, in a nuclear fusion reactor, a large pulsed current must be transmitted to the coil to induce changes in the electromagnetic field around the coil, generating plasma. This in turn heats the plasma to the fusion reaction temperature, triggering a fusion reaction.

[0004] However, current power supplies can usually only generate a relatively small current, which is difficult to meet the requirements of nuclear fusion reaction devices. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a power supply that can generate a relatively large pulse current.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present application provides a power supply module, a power supply system and a nuclear fusion reaction system, which can generate a large pulse current to meet the needs of nuclear fusion reaction.

[0007] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a power supply module is provided, the power supply module comprising: a high-voltage direct current power supply, a high-voltage capacitor unit, a thyristor, a first switch, and a freewheeling diode;

[0008] The positive electrode of the high-voltage DC power supply is connected to the first end of the first switch, the second end of the first switch is connected to the first end of the high-voltage capacitor unit, and the negative electrode of the high-voltage DC power supply is connected to the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit;

[0009] The first end of the high-voltage capacitor unit is also connected to the anode of the thyristor, the cathode of the thyristor is connected to the output end of the freewheeling diode, and the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit is also connected to the input end of the freewheeling diode;

[0010] The second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit and the cathode of the thyristor are further used to connect two ends of a load unit respectively.

[0011] According to another aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a power supply system is provided, comprising: a host computer, a serial port server, and at least one of the above-mentioned power supply modules;

[0012] The host computer is connected to the serial port server, and the host computer is used to control the power module through the serial port server.

[0013] According to another aspect of the embodiments of the present application, a nuclear fusion reaction system is provided, the nuclear fusion reaction system comprising: a tokamak device and the above-mentioned power supply system;

[0014] The power supply system is connected to the tokamak device and is used to send pulse current to the poloidal magnetic field coil in the tokamak device;

[0015] The poloidal magnetic field coil is used to: generate a magnetic field based on the pulse current, wherein the magnetic field surrounds the poloidal magnetic field coil to ionize the breakdown gas to form two initial plasma rings; promote the fusion of the two initial plasma rings into one plasma ring and the reconnection of the magnetic field around the plasma ring, so as to heat the plasma in the plasma ring to a fusion reaction temperature to generate a fusion reaction.

[0016] In the power supply module provided in the embodiment of the present application, the high-voltage capacitor unit is charged by a high-voltage DC power supply, and then the first switch can be disconnected and the thyristor can be turned on to discharge the high-voltage capacitor unit to the load unit until the power of the high-voltage capacitor unit is exhausted, thereby realizing the input of a pulse current to the load unit. And because the high-voltage capacitor unit and the thyristor have a large withstand voltage, it can be ensured that the pulse current input to the load unit when the high-voltage capacitor unit is discharged is large, which can meet the current requirements of the nuclear fusion device. In addition, the freewheeling diode plays a freewheeling role for the load unit, which can avoid the situation where a sudden voltage is generated at both ends of the load unit and the load unit is damaged. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a power supply module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0018] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of another power supply module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of another power supply module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of a power module provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0021] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a power supply system provided in one embodiment of the present application;

[0022] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of another power supply system provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a thorough understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar generalizations without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific implementations disclosed below.

[0024] The terms used in one or more embodiments of the present application are for the purpose of describing specific embodiments only and are not intended to limit one or more embodiments of the present application. The singular forms of "a", "said" and "the" used in one or more embodiments of the present application and the appended claims are also intended to include plural forms, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term "and / or" used in one or more embodiments of the present application refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more associated listed items. The term "at least one" in one or more embodiments of the present application refers to "one or more" and "a plurality" refers to "two or more". The term "including" is an open description and should be understood as "including but not limited to", and may include other content on the basis of the content already described.

[0025] It should be understood that although the terms "first", "second", etc. may be used to describe various information in one or more embodiments of the present application, such information should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish information of the same type from each other. For example, without departing from the scope of one or more embodiments of the present application, "first" may also be referred to as "second", and similarly, "second" may also be referred to as "first". Depending on the context, the word "if" as used herein may be interpreted as "at the time of" or "when" or "in response to determining".

[0026] In the field of electronic technology, various electronic devices require power supply devices to supply power, and the power supplies required by different electronic devices may be different. The power supply required by a nuclear fusion reaction device is different from the power supply required by ordinary electronic devices. For example, a nuclear fusion reaction device may include a spherical tokamak (ST) device and a compact torus (CT) device. Due to the shape limitations of the nuclear fusion reaction device, a central column is usually not provided or the space for providing the central column is too narrow. Instead, a traditional central solenoid is provided in the nuclear fusion reaction device to generate plasma by solenoid induction. In this case, it is usually difficult to obtain a plasma current of the megaampere (MA) level; therefore, it is crucial to study the starting method of using a discharge method without a central solenoid to generate plasma in order to improve the plasma parameters (such as current) of the nuclear fusion reaction device.

[0027] Currently, the startup method of merging-compression (MC) plasma is gradually attracting attention. In this method, a pair of poloidal magnetic field coils inside the nuclear fusion reactor are required to generate current pulses to cause rapid changes in the surrounding electromagnetic field, so that the magnetic field surrounds the coils and ionizes the breakdown gas to form a pair of plasma rings. After that, the plasma rings are promoted to merge and the surrounding magnetic field is reconnected. The conversion characteristics of magnetic energy to plasma kinetic energy and thermal energy during the magnetic reconnection process are utilized to heat the plasma and increase the plasma current. Accordingly, it is necessary to design a corresponding MC power supply to provide the pulsed current required in the startup method of the MC plasma.

[0028] The present invention provides a power supply module capable of outputting a relatively large pulse current, such as that capable of outputting the pulse current to a poloidal magnetic field coil in a nuclear fusion reactor, thereby enabling the nuclear fusion reactor to implement a method for starting MC plasma. The present invention also provides a power supply system and a nuclear fusion reactor system.

[0029] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of a power module provided in one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the power module 10 includes a high-voltage DC power supply U, a high-voltage capacitor unit C, a thyristor T, a freewheeling diode D1, and a first switch K1. The switch in this embodiment of the present application may also be referred to as a contactor.

[0030] The positive electrode of the high-voltage DC power supply U is connected to the first end of the first switch K1, the second end of the first switch K1 is connected to the first end of the high-voltage capacitor unit C, and the negative electrode of the high-voltage DC power supply U is connected to the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit C. The first end of the high-voltage capacitor unit C is also connected to the anode of the thyristor T, the cathode of the thyristor T is connected to the output end of the freewheeling diode D1, and the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit C is also connected to the input end of the freewheeling diode D1. The second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit C and the cathode of the thyristor T are also used to connect to the two ends of the load unit, respectively.

[0031] The high-voltage DC power supply U is used to charge the high-voltage capacitor unit C. After charging, the high-voltage capacitor unit C can act as an energy storage device, generating high voltage and high current, and then output current to the load unit. The control terminal of the thyristor T can be connected to the control unit to enable the control unit to control the on and off of the thyristor T.

[0032] A freewheeling diode D1 can be connected in parallel with the load unit to provide freewheeling current for the load unit. When the current in the main power supply circuit (e.g., the circuit consisting of the high-voltage capacitor unit C, thyristor T, and load unit) changes suddenly, the freewheeling diode D1 can ensure a smoother change in the current flowing through the load unit, preventing sudden voltage changes across the load unit that could damage it.

[0033] For example, the first switch K1 can be closed first, so that the high-voltage DC power supply U, the first switch K1, and the high-voltage capacitor unit C form a first current loop, enabling the high-voltage DC power supply U to charge the high-voltage capacitor unit C. After the high-voltage capacitor unit C is charged to a specified voltage, the high-voltage DC power supply U is controlled to stop outputting, and the first switch K1 is controlled to be disconnected to stop charging the high-voltage capacitor unit C. Thereafter, the thyristor T can be controlled to conduct, so that the high-voltage capacitor unit C, the thyristor T, and the load unit form a second current loop. At this time, the high-voltage capacitor unit C can discharge to output a higher current to the load unit. During the process of outputting current to the load unit, the voltage on the high-voltage capacitor unit C gradually decreases. When the voltage on the high-voltage capacitor unit C drops to zero, the current output to the load unit can be stopped. When the high-voltage capacitor unit C discharges to the load unit until its voltage drops to zero, the freewheeling diode D1 can be used to continue the current for the load unit, causing the current on the load unit to slowly decrease, avoiding sudden changes in the current on the load unit. This is equivalent to outputting a current pulse to the load unit, which can also be referred to as the current output to the load unit being a pulse current.

[0034] Because the high-voltage capacitor unit C and thyristor T have high power tolerance, the high-voltage DC power supply U can output a higher voltage to the high-voltage capacitor unit C, and the high-voltage capacitor unit C can output a higher voltage and current to the load unit. In some embodiments, the high-voltage capacitor unit C supports an output voltage of 10 kilovolts, and the thyristor T supports transmission of a voltage of 10 kilovolts. In some embodiments, the high-voltage capacitor unit C supports an output current of 10 kiloamperes, and the thyristor T supports transmission of a current of 10 kiloamperes.

[0035] For example, the thyristor T can be replaced by a thyristor valve group. The high-voltage capacitor unit C can be a high-voltage thin-film capacitor unit. The high-voltage capacitor unit C can include only one high-voltage capacitor, or can include multiple high-voltage capacitors connected in parallel. The high-voltage capacitor can be a high-voltage thin-film capacitor.

[0036] By connecting multiple high-voltage capacitors in parallel, the high-voltage capacitor unit C can output a higher level of current, meeting the different requirements of nuclear fusion reactors. In the embodiments of this application, high-voltage thin-film capacitors are used as energy storage devices, which can give the power module a higher current change rate (di / dt) capability, ensuring the stability and reliability of the power module and making it less prone to explosions and other accidents.

[0037] In the embodiments of this application, the load unit is a coil L, for example. The internal resistance of coil L can be relatively low. For example, coil L can be a poloidal magnetic field coil in a nuclear fusion reactor, and power module 10 can supply power to the nuclear fusion reactor. In some embodiments, the load unit can also be other electrical devices, and power module 10 can also provide current to other devices requiring high voltage and high current.

[0038] In summary, in the power supply module provided by the embodiment of the present application, the high-voltage capacitor unit is charged by a high-voltage DC power supply, and then the first switch can be disconnected and the thyristor can be turned on to discharge the high-voltage capacitor unit to the load unit until the power of the high-voltage capacitor unit is exhausted, thereby realizing the input of a pulse current to the load unit. And because the high-voltage capacitor unit and the thyristor have a large withstand voltage, it can be ensured that the pulse current input to the load unit when the high-voltage capacitor unit is discharged is large, which can meet the current requirements of the nuclear fusion device. In addition, the freewheeling diode plays a freewheeling role for the load unit, which can avoid the situation where a sudden voltage is generated at both ends of the load unit and causes damage to the load unit.

[0039] Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the circuit structure of another power supply module provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Fig. 2, based on the structure shown in Fig. 1, the power supply module 10 may further include other additional components.

[0040] In some embodiments, the power module 10 may further include an anti-reverse diode D2, which is located between the high-voltage DC power supply U and the high-voltage capacitor unit C. The anti-reverse diode D2 can prevent the high-voltage DC power supply U from charging the high-voltage capacitor unit C in reverse. If the circuit connection between the high-voltage DC power supply U and the high-voltage capacitor unit C is incorrect, the high-voltage capacitor unit C cannot be charged.

[0041] For example, the anti-reverse diode D2 is located between the high-voltage DC power supply U and the first switch K1. As shown in Figure 2, the positive electrode of the high-voltage DC power supply U is connected to the first end of the first switch K1 through the anti-reverse diode D2. The positive electrode of the high-voltage DC power supply U is connected to the input end of the anti-reverse diode D2, and the first end of the first switch K1 is connected to the output end of the anti-reverse diode D2.

[0042] In another implementation of the anti-reverse diode D2, the anti-reverse diode D2 can also be located between the first switch K1 and the high-voltage capacitor unit C, such as the second end of the first switch K1 is connected to the input end of the anti-reverse diode D2, and the output end of the anti-reverse diode D2 is connected to the first end of the high-voltage capacitor unit C.

[0043] In another implementation of the anti-reverse diode D2, the cathode of the high-voltage DC power supply U is connected to the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit C through the anti-reverse diode D2. For example, the output end of the anti-reverse diode D2 is connected to the cathode of the high-voltage DC power supply U, and the input end of the anti-reverse diode D2 is connected to the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit C.

[0044] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 2. Based on the structure shown in Figure 1, the power supply module 10 may further include: a second switch K2 and a first resistor R1. The second switch K2 is connected in series with the first resistor R1 and in parallel with the high-voltage capacitor unit C. For example, the first end of the second switch K2 is connected to the first end of the first resistor R1, and the two ends of the high-voltage capacitor unit C are also connected to the second end of the second switch K2 and the second end of the first resistor R1, respectively. The positions of the second switch K2 and the first resistor R1 can also be interchanged, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. For example, the first resistor R1 can be a wirewound resistor.

[0045] The first resistor R1 can be used to discharge voltage from the high-voltage capacitor unit C. During the process of the high-voltage capacitor unit C discharging to the load unit, the second switch K2 can be in the open state. When the voltage on the high-voltage capacitor unit C drops to 0, some residual energy may still exist in the high-voltage capacitor unit. In this case, the second switch K2 can be closed to allow the first resistor R1 to discharge the residual energy in the high-voltage capacitor unit C.

[0046] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 2 , the power module 10 may further include a second resistor R2 based on the structure shown in FIG. The second resistor R2 may be located in a second current loop formed by the high-voltage capacitor unit C, the thyristor T, and the load unit. The second resistor R2 may function as a current limiter in the second current loop, preventing excessive current in the second current loop from damaging components therein.

[0047] For example, as shown in FIG2 , the second resistor R2 is located between the thyristor T and the load unit, the cathode of the thyristor T is connected to the first end of the second resistor R2, and the second end of the second resistor R2 is connected to the load unit. For example, the second resistor R2 can be a water-cooled resistor. In another example, the second resistor R2 can also be located between the high-voltage capacitor unit C and the thyristor T, or between the high-voltage capacitor unit C and the load unit.

[0048] In some embodiments, referring to FIG. 2 , the power supply module 10 may further include, based on the structure shown in FIG. 1 , a current detection unit 101. The current detection unit 101 may be located in a second current loop formed by the high-voltage capacitor unit C, the thyristor T, and the load unit to detect the current value in the second current loop. The embodiment of the present application does not limit the location of the current detection unit 101 in the second current loop.

[0049] By way of example, the first end of the high-voltage capacitor unit C is connected to the anode of the thyristor T via the current detection unit 101, meaning that the current detection unit 101 is located between the high-voltage capacitor unit C and the thyristor T. By way of another example, as shown in FIG2 , the cathode of the thyristor T can be connected to the load unit via the current detection unit 101, meaning that the current detection unit 101 is located between the thyristor T and the load unit. FIG2 takes the example of the current detection unit 101 being located between the thyristor T and the second resistor R2; however, the current detection unit 101 can also be located between the second resistor R2 and the load unit.

[0050] The current detection unit 101 can be a current sensor. The current detection unit 101 can periodically detect the current value in the second current loop and transmit the detected current value to the control unit. The control unit can control the display unit to display based on the current value, or adjust the operating status of the components in the power module 10. If the current value does not reach the required current value, the control unit can control the high-voltage capacitor unit C to increase the output current.

[0051] In some embodiments, please continue to refer to Figure 2. Based on the structure shown in Figure 1, the power supply module 10 may further include: a voltage detection unit 102. The voltage detection unit 102 is connected in parallel with the load unit and is used to detect the voltage value in the second current loop. In the embodiment of the present application, there is no limitation on the setting position of the voltage detection unit 102 in the second current loop. For example, the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit C and the cathode of the thyristor T are respectively connected to the two ends of the voltage detection unit 102. In another example, the two ends of the voltage detection unit 102 can be connected to the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit C and the anode of the thyristor T, respectively.

[0052] The voltage detection unit 102 can be a voltage sampling board. The voltage detection unit 102 can periodically detect the voltage value in the second current loop and transmit the detected voltage value to the control unit. The operations that the control unit can perform based on the voltage value can be referred to the above description of the current value and will not be repeated here.

[0053] In the embodiments of the present application, FIG. 2 is used as an example to illustrate the circuit structure of the power module 10 when it includes additional components based on FIG. 1 , and the power module 10 is illustrated by taking the example of five additional components, namely, an anti-reverse diode D2, a first resistor R1, a second resistor R2, a current detection unit 101, and a voltage detection unit 102. The power module 10 may also include only some of the five additional components. Accordingly, the circuit structure of the power module 10 in this case can be obtained by eliminating the other additional components based on FIG. In the embodiments of the present application, no additional illustrations are given for other optional circuit structures of the power module 10.

[0054] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another power module provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG3 , based on the circuit structure of the power module 10 described above (taking the structure shown in FIG2 as an example), the power module 10 may further include: a control board and a driver board. The control unit described above may include the control board and the driver board.

[0055] The control board can be connected to a high-voltage DC power supply U and a first switch K1. The control board is used to control the power supply of the high-voltage DC power supply U and the opening and closing of the first switch K1. The control board can also be connected to a second switch K2, a current detection unit 101, and a voltage detection unit 102 to control the opening and closing of the second switch K2 and obtain the current value detected by the current detection unit 101 and the voltage value detected by the voltage detection unit 102. The driver board is connected to the thyristor T to control the conduction of the thyristor T. In Figure 3, dotted lines are used to represent the connection between the control board and the driver board and other components.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present application, the workflow of the power supply module 10 may include: the control board first controls the first switch K1 to be closed, and controls the second switch K2 to be disconnected, and controls the high-voltage DC power supply U to charge the high-voltage capacitor unit C to a specified voltage. When the high-voltage capacitor unit C is fully charged, the control board controls the high-voltage DC power supply U to turn off the output and disconnect K1. The drive board controls the thyristor T to be turned on, at which time the high-voltage capacitor unit C discharges the load unit until the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor unit C drops to 0. At this time, the control board controls the second switch K2 to be closed to discharge the residual voltage of the high-voltage capacitor unit C. Moreover, after the voltage of the high-voltage capacitor unit C drops to 0, the freewheeling diode D1 continues the current to the load unit until the current on the load unit drops to 0. The load unit can be a poloidal magnetic field coil in a nuclear fusion reaction device, and the workflow can be a stroke in the startup method of fusing compressed plasma in a nuclear fusion reaction device.

[0057] The aforementioned components in the power module 10 may constitute the main power portion of the power module 10. The power module 10 may also include a mechanical structure. FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the physical structure of a power module provided in one embodiment of the present application, and FIG4 is used to illustrate the mechanical structure of the power module 10.

[0058] As shown in FIG4 , the various components in the power module 10 can be connected via a copper busbar structure 104 to reduce the noise in the power circuit formed by the various components. For example, the high-voltage capacitor unit C includes multiple high-voltage capacitors connected in parallel. FIG4 takes the high-voltage capacitor unit C as an example, which includes 6 high-voltage capacitors c' connected in parallel. The 6 high-voltage capacitors can be connected via the copper busbar structure 104. Continuing to refer to FIG4 , the high-voltage capacitor unit C and the thyristor T, the thyristor T and the current detection unit 101, and the second resistor R2 and the current detection unit 101 can also be connected via the copper busbar structure 104.

[0059] For example, Figure 4 shows a distinction between the copper busbar structures connecting different components. For example, the positive electrode of each high-voltage capacitor c' can be connected to other components using a copper busbar structure 1041, the negative electrode of each high-voltage capacitor c' can be connected to other components using a copper busbar structure 1042, and the thyristor T and the current detection unit 101 and the second resistor R2 and the current detection unit 101 can be connected using a copper busbar structure 1043.

[0060] Continuing with FIG4 , the power module 10 may further include an insulating frame 103 . The insulating frame 103 includes multiple storage spaces, such as compartments. Each high-voltage capacitor c' in the high-voltage capacitor unit C may be located in a different compartment. The insulating frame 103 facilitates the assembly of the high-voltage capacitors c' in the high-voltage capacitor unit C and ensures good insulation between the various components.

[0061] Other components in the power module 10 may also be located on the insulating frame 103. For example, in Figure 4 , the thyristor T and the current detection unit 101 are located in the same compartment, the second resistor R2 is located in a compartment, and the first resistor R2 is located in a storage space. Other components in the power module 10 not shown in Figure 4 may be located on the insulating frame 103, or they may be located outside the insulating frame 103, such as being integrated into a chassis and then connected to components on the insulating frame 103.

[0062] In summary, in the power supply module provided by the embodiment of the present application, the high-voltage capacitor unit is charged via a high-voltage DC power supply, after which the first switch can be disconnected and the thyristor turned on, discharging the high-voltage capacitor unit to the load unit until the high-voltage capacitor unit is exhausted. This allows a single pulse current to be input to the load unit. Furthermore, because the high-voltage capacitor unit and the thyristor have a relatively high withstand voltage, the pulse current input to the load unit during the discharge of the high-voltage capacitor unit can be relatively large, thereby meeting the current requirements of the nuclear fusion device.

[0063] Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a power supply system provided in one embodiment of the present application, and Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another power supply system provided in one embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figures 5 and 6, the power supply system may include: a host computer 20, a serial port server 30, and at least one power supply module 10. The power supply module 10 may be any of the power supply modules 10 shown in Figures 1 to 4.

[0064] Figure 5 takes the power supply system including a power supply module 10 shown in Figure 3 as an example. As shown in Figure 6, the power supply system may include N power supply modules 10 connected in parallel, and the N power supply modules 10 may be connected in parallel with a load unit (such as a coil L), N≥2. Figure 6 does not illustrate the specific structure of the power supply module 10. The direction of the arrows of the connecting lines between the components in Figures 5 and 6 represents the information interaction relationship between the components. In an embodiment of the present application, when the power supply system includes multiple power supply modules 10, the high-voltage DC power supply U in each power supply module 10 can be shared, or they can be charged separately using independent high-voltage DC power supplies U, which is not limited here.

[0065] The host computer 20 is connected to the serial port server 30, and the host computer 20 is used to control the power module 10 through the serial port server 30. The host computer 20 is used to control the charging and discharging of the power module 10, and the serial port server 30 is used to send control information to each power module 10 and obtain feedback information from each power module 10 (such as the feedback current and voltage values). For example, a control personnel can operate on the host computer 20 to control the charging and discharging process of the power module 10. The aforementioned control unit may include the host computer 20 and the serial port server 30.

[0066] In some embodiments, referring to Figures 5 and 6 , the power supply system may further include a timer 40 connected to the serial device server 30. The host computer 20 is configured to transmit power supply time information of each power module 10 to the timer 40 via the serial device server 30. The timer 40 is configured to control each power module 10 to supply power to the load unit based on the power supply time information. This reduces the number of operator operations and simplifies the operation process.

[0067] For example, the power supply time information may include triggering power module 1 to discharge at the first moment, and triggering power module 2 to discharge two seconds after power module 1 has completed discharging. In this way, timer 40 can send a drive signal to the driver board of power module 1 at the first moment, causing the driver board to drive thyristor T in power module 1 to conduct, causing power module 1 to discharge into coil L. Furthermore, after sending the drive signal, timer 40 also counts. When the count reaches two seconds, it sends a drive signal to the driver board of power module 2, causing the driver board to drive thyristor T in power module 2 to conduct, causing power module 2 to discharge into coil L.

[0068] In some embodiments, a corresponding serial device server 30 can be provided for each power module 10. The host computer 20 can send control information for the corresponding power module 10 to each serial device server 30, and each serial device server 30 can then control the operation of the corresponding power module 10. A corresponding timer 40 can also be provided for each power module 10, so that each timer 40 controls the corresponding power module 10 to perform timed operations.

[0069] In an embodiment of the present application, the power supply system may include multiple power supply modules 10 connected in parallel. The power supply system can utilize the multiple power supply modules 10 to generate multiple high-voltage, high-current pulses in a short period of time. In this way, the power supply system can provide current to the nuclear fusion reaction device to ensure that the device achieves a multi-stroke nuclear fusion reaction and can break down the gas multiple times to generate plasma. The power supply system can ensure that the method of triggering the nuclear fusion reaction device to perform a nuclear fusion reaction is relatively simple and the resulting energy consumption is low, ensuring that the nuclear fusion reaction is relatively stable.

[0070] When the power supply system is used to power the nuclear fusion reaction device, the host computer 20 can control the charging of the high-voltage capacitor units in the power modules 1 to N in sequence through the serial port server 30. When the voltage of each power module reaches the specified value, each power module can be controlled to discharge separately (such as controlling the power modules 1 to N to discharge in sequence, or controlling multiple power modules to discharge simultaneously) to meet the needs of multi-stroke fusion. After any power module is discharged, it can be charged again.

[0071] The present application also provides a nuclear fusion reaction system in an embodiment, which may include: a nuclear fusion reaction device and the above-mentioned power supply system (such as the power supply system shown in Figures 5 and 6), wherein the power supply system is connected to the nuclear fusion reaction device. For example, the nuclear fusion reaction device is a tokamak device.

[0072] The tokamak device may include a pair of poloidal magnetic field coils, which may be connected in series. The power supply system is used to send a pulse current to the poloidal magnetic field coil. The method of sending the pulse current may refer to the aforementioned introduction to the power supply module 10 and the power supply system. The poloidal magnetic field coil may generate a magnetic field based on the received pulse current, and the magnetic field may surround the poloidal magnetic field coil to ionize the breakdown gas to form two initial plasma rings. Then, the poloidal magnetic field coil may promote the fusion of the two initial plasma rings into one plasma ring, and the magnetic field around the plasma ring may be reconnected. During the magnetic reconnection process, magnetic energy may be converted into kinetic energy and thermal energy of the plasma, the plasma in the plasma ring may be heated, and the total plasma current may be significantly increased. When the plasma is heated to the fusion reaction temperature, a fusion reaction may occur.

[0073] The power supply system can utilize multiple power supply modules 10 connected in parallel to send current pulses to the poloidal magnetic field coils in the tokamak device multiple times, thereby realizing a multi-stroke nuclear fusion reaction in the tokamak device.

[0074] The foregoing description describes specific embodiments of the present application. Other embodiments are within the scope of the appended claims. In some cases, the actions or steps recited in the claims can be performed in an order different from that described in the embodiments and still achieve the desired results. Furthermore, the processes depicted in the accompanying drawings do not necessarily require the specific order shown or the sequential order to achieve the desired results. In certain embodiments, multitasking and parallel processing are also possible or may be advantageous.

[0075] Those skilled in the art should also be aware that the embodiments described in the specification are all preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily required by this application. In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. For parts not detailed in one embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0076] The preferred embodiments disclosed above are intended only to help illustrate the present application. The optional embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the present application to the specific embodiments described. Obviously, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of the present application. The present application selects and describes these embodiments in detail in order to better explain the principles and practical applications of the present application, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the present application.

Claims

1. A power module, comprising: A high-voltage direct current power supply, a high-voltage capacitor unit, a thyristor, a first switch and a freewheeling diode; The positive electrode of the high-voltage DC power supply is connected to the first end of the first switch, the second end of the first switch is connected to the first end of the high-voltage capacitor unit, and the negative electrode of the high-voltage DC power supply is connected to the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit; The first end of the high-voltage capacitor unit is also connected to the anode of the thyristor, the cathode of the thyristor is connected to the output end of the freewheeling diode, and the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit is also connected to the input end of the freewheeling diode; The second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit and the cathode of the thyristor are also used to connect two ends of a load unit respectively.

2. The power module according to claim 1, wherein: The high-voltage capacitor unit includes a plurality of high-voltage capacitors connected in parallel.

3. The power module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The power supply module further includes: an anti-reverse diode; The positive electrode of the high-voltage DC power supply is connected to the first end of the first switch through the anti-reverse diode, the positive electrode of the high-voltage DC power supply is connected to the input end of the anti-reverse diode, and the first end of the first switch is connected to the output end of the anti-reverse diode.

4. The power module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The power module further includes: an anti-reverse diode located between the first switch and the high-voltage capacitor unit; wherein, The second end of the first switch is connected to the input end of the anti-reverse diode, and the output end of the anti-reverse diode is connected to the first end of the high-voltage capacitor unit.

5. The power module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The power supply module further includes: an anti-reverse diode located between the negative electrode of the high-voltage DC power supply and the high-voltage capacitor unit; wherein, The output end of the anti-reverse diode is connected to the negative electrode of the high-voltage direct current power supply, and the input end of the anti-reverse diode is connected to the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit.

6. The power module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The power module further includes: a second switch and a first resistor, wherein a first end of the second switch is connected to a first end of the first resistor; wherein Two ends of the high-voltage capacitor unit are also connected to the second end of the second switch and the second end of the first resistor respectively.

7. The power module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The power module also includes: a second resistor; wherein, The cathode of the thyristor is connected to the first end of the second resistor, and the second end of the second resistor is used to connect to the load unit.

8. The power module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The power supply module further includes: a current detection unit; the first end of the high-voltage capacitor unit is connected to the anode of the thyristor through the current detection unit.

9. The power module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The power module further includes: a current detection unit; wherein the cathode of the thyristor is used to connect the load unit through the current detection unit.

10. The power module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The power supply module further includes: a voltage detection unit; wherein the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit and the cathode of the thyristor are connected to two ends of the voltage detection unit respectively.

11. The power module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The power supply module further includes: a voltage detection unit; wherein the second end of the high-voltage capacitor unit and the anode of the thyristor are connected to two ends of the voltage detection unit respectively.

12. The power module according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising: Control board and drive board; wherein, The control board is connected to the high-voltage DC power supply and the first switch; the control board is used to control the power supply of the high-voltage DC power supply and control the opening and closing of the first switch; The driving board is connected to the thyristor and is used to control the on and off of the thyristor.

13. The power module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: The components in the power module are connected via a copper bus structure.

14. The power module according to claim 2, further comprising: The insulating frame includes a plurality of storage compartments, and each high-voltage capacitor is located in a different storage compartment.

15. A power supply system comprising: A host computer, a serial port server and at least one power module, wherein the power module is a power module as described in any one of claims 1 to 14; wherein, The host computer is connected to the serial port server, and the host computer is used to control the power module through the serial port server.

16. The power supply system according to claim 15, further comprising: A timer, the timer is connected to the serial port server; wherein, The host computer is used to send the power supply time information of each power module to the timer through the serial port server, and the timer is used to control the at least one power module to supply power to the load unit based on the power supply time information.

17. The power supply system according to claim 15, wherein: The at least one power module includes a plurality of power modules connected in parallel.

18. A nuclear fusion reaction system, comprising: A tokamak device and a power supply system as claimed in any one of claims 15 to 17; wherein: The power supply system is connected to the tokamak device and is used to send pulse current to the poloidal magnetic field coil in the tokamak device; The poloidal magnetic field coil is used to: generate a magnetic field based on the pulse current; wherein the magnetic field surrounds the poloidal magnetic field coil to ionize the breakdown gas to form two initial plasma rings; promote the fusion of the two initial plasma rings into one plasma ring and the reconnection of the magnetic field around the plasma ring, so as to heat the plasma in the plasma ring to the fusion reaction temperature to generate a fusion reaction.

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