Freezing and electric ablation combined ablation system, ablation needle, and control method

Abstract

Disclosed are a freezing and electric ablation combined ablation system, an ablation needle, and a control method. The ablation system (100) comprises: a control module (150), and a freezing module (112) and an electric ablation module (121) connected thereto. The freezing module (112) and the electric ablation module (121) are connected to the ablation needle. The freezing module (112) freezes the target tissue to below 0 °C by means of a cryoablation needle, and performs cryoablation and / or freezing fixation and / or freezing anesthesia on the target tissue (240); the electric ablation module (121) is at least connected to two electrodes (11) insulated from each other, the at least one electrode part is located in a shallow freezing area (210) or can be converted into a deep freezing area (220) of the shallow freezing area, and the electric ablation module (121) performs electric ablation on the target tissue (240) by means of the electrodes (11). The freezing and electric ablation synergistically act on the same target tissue (240). By selectively controlling the temperature of the freezing area, effective electric ablation is carried out on the outer edge range of the freezing area.

Description

Ablation system, ablation needle and control method combining cryoablation and electrical ablation

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the Patent Office of China on October 30, 2023, with application number 202311419959.4 and invention name “A combined cryoablation and electroablation ablation system, ablation needle and control method”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of medical device technology, and in particular to an ablation system, an ablation needle, and a control method combining cryoablation and electrical ablation. Background Art

[0004] Cryoablation is a treatment technique that uses low-temperature freezing to inactivate target tissues. It is widely used to ablate tumors, soft tissues, skin, nerves, ducts, and cavities. However, cryoablation technology has some fundamental drawbacks:

[0005] (1) Complete inactivation cannot be achieved at the edge of the freezing zone (0 to -40°C) and around large blood vessels, which will cause local recurrence.

[0006] (2) Multiple (two or more) freeze-thaw cycles are required, which results in long operation time and high consumption.

[0007] (3) Indiscriminate ablation of cryoablation will accumulate important organs and normal tissues.

[0008] (4) A very low freezing temperature is required (below -40°C is the exact inactivation temperature), and the required refrigerant is expensive and difficult to transport and store, such as liquid nitrogen or high-pressure argon.

[0009] (5) An extremely fast freezing rate (freezing rate above -25°C / min) is required.

[0010] Electrical ablation utilizes electrical energy to target tissue, ablating it through current or electric field effects. This includes direct current ablation (electrochemical ablation, electric pulse / electroporation ablation) and high-frequency alternating current ablation (such as radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, and TTFields tumor alternating electric field ablation). Electrical ablation is a tissue ablation method that has garnered significant attention and rapid development in recent years. It is widely used to ablate skin, soft tissue and organs, blood vessels, cavitary tissue, and tumors.

[0011] While electrical ablation brings huge therapeutic benefits, it also has some fatal disadvantages:

[0012] (1) The therapeutic effect depends on the electrical properties of the target tissue, has poor selectivity, and cannot be well predicted and controlled.

[0013] (2) Electrical ablation does not produce density changes, and intraoperative imaging cannot be used to evaluate and monitor treatment efficacy.

[0014] (3) The ablation needle cannot be fixed in the target tissue, resulting in needle displacement, accidental injury, or inadequate treatment.

[0015] (4) Electric pulse ablation is very irritating to the patient and requires general anesthesia and injection of muscle relaxants, which limits its scope of application.

[0016] (5) Electrochemical ablation and tumor alternating electric field therapy take several hours, which is difficult for doctors and patients to tolerate.

[0017] Ablation needles or electrodes used for combined electroablation and electro-cooling are often made of medical stainless steel, such as medical 304 and 316 stainless steel, which are generally low-cost and well-processed. However, stainless steel is made from an iron-chromium alloy doped with other elements and contains significant amounts of harmful metals, such as chromium (18%-20% in 304SS and 16%-18% in 316SS), nickel (8%-10.5% in 304SS and 10%-14% in 316SS), and manganese (2% in 304 and 316SS). During electroablation (e.g., electrochemical and electric pulse) and combined electro-cooling procedures, stainless steel ablation needles can undergo electrochemical corrosion, leading to the entry of significant amounts of harmful elements into the body, posing a significant health hazard.

[0018] The combined cryoablation and electroablation approach theoretically leverages the strengths of each approach while mitigating their respective shortcomings. However, the combined approach requires strict control of both conditions and methods. Otherwise, the combination could be performed under the wrong conditions or with the wrong method, completely negating the significance and effectiveness of combined electroablation.

[0019] During the freezing process, the temperature of the frozen center area where the target tissue contacts the cryoablation needle is often too low (below the eutectic temperature of saline, which is -21°C), making it non-conductive. This insulates the electrodes on the ablation needle and prevents electrical ablation from being initiated. Furthermore, the freezing temperature at the outer edge of the frozen area, around large blood vessels, at the ice ball junction, or in tissue structures that cannot be frozen (such as the bile duct, trachea, urethra, and cavity), is not low enough (usually not reaching below -40°C), resulting in incomplete inactivation and rendering cryoablation ineffective. Furthermore, this area will thaw before the frozen center area during natural or active thawing, returning to its pre-freezing state of closed cell walls and low conductivity, rendering the combined electro-cold ablation ineffective. This results in the inability to use combined electro-cold ablation in areas most in need of enhanced ablation, thus losing the opportunity to completely inactivate the target tissue with combined electro-cold ablation.

[0020] With electrical ablation, the ablation needle often shifts because it cannot be fixed in the target tissue, often leading to omissions and deviations in the ablation area. However, freezing allows the ablation needle to be stably fixed in the target tissue, following tissue movement without shifting, deviating, or accidentally damaging normal tissue. By controlling the freezing temperature, the fixed tissue area can be kept conductive (above -21°C) without affecting the ablation process.

[0021] At the same time, high-voltage electrical pulses (reversible and irreversible electroporation) or high-voltage electrochemical or alternating current treatments used for electrical ablation can generate enormous transient nerve electrical stimulation signals (voltages reaching several thousand to tens of thousands of volts and currents reaching tens of amperes), causing severe muscle contractions and unbearable pain and trauma in patients. These treatments require general anesthesia, with sufficient injections of muscle relaxants into the affected muscles and nerves. This poses significant risks and burdens for the surgical procedures (such as the need for an anesthesiologist to administer general anesthesia), the surgeon, and the patient, severely impacting the indications, accessibility, and safety of these treatments. Cryoablation reduces tissue sensitivity to electrical stimulation; freezing temperatures below -21°C can even block nerve electrical conduction. Therefore, the controlled and effective combination of cryoablation and electrical ablation can improve the safety and effectiveness of electrical ablation and expand its indications.

[0022] This application proposes a solution to the above-mentioned technical problems of combining electro-cooling with ablation.

[0023] Summary of the Invention

[0024] The present application provides an ablation system, an ablation needle and a control method that combine cryoablation and electrical ablation, which solves the problem of how electrical ablation and cryoablation can work together to improve the ablation effect.

[0025] The present application provides an ablation system combining cryoablation and electroablation, the ablation system comprising a cryoablation module and an electroablation module;

[0026] The freezing module and the electrical ablation module are connected to the ablation needle, and the target tissue is frozen and / or electrically ablated through the ablation needle;

[0027] The freezing module is used to freeze the target tissue to below 0°C to form a freezing zone; the freezing zone is divided into a shallow freezing zone and a deep freezing zone. The temperature range of the shallow freezing zone is set to -21°C to 0°C, which is a conductive zone and feasible for electrical ablation; the temperature range of the deep freezing zone is set to below -21°C, which is a non-conductive zone and not feasible for electrical ablation;

[0028] The electrical ablation module is connected to at least two electrodes, including at least one first electrode and at least one second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode being insulated from each other and connected to two output terminals of the electrical ablation module with opposite polarities; at least one first electrode portion is arranged in a shallow frozen area or a deep frozen area that can be converted into a shallow frozen area, and the second electrode portion is arranged in a shallow frozen area and / or in human tissue and / or in electrical contact with human tissue;

[0029] The freezing module and the electrical ablation module work together to control electrical ablation to be performed before freezing, and / or simultaneously with freezing, and / or after freezing.

[0030] In some embodiments, the freezing module is a separate freezing device, and / or the electroablation module is a separate electroablation device.

[0031] In some embodiments, the ablation system further comprises a control module, which is connected to the freezing module and the electric ablation module to control the freezing and electric ablation operations thereof.

[0032] In some embodiments, the freezing module has a thawing function, which selectively freezes or thaws the ablation needle with freezing function connected to it, controls the electrode contact area of ​​the ablation needle to be in a shallow freezing area, thereby forming a conductive channel to achieve electrical ablation, or controls the electrode contact area of ​​the ablation needle to be in a deep freezing area to prevent electrical ablation of the electrode, or controls the size of the electrical impedance between the electrodes of the ablation needle.

[0033] In some embodiments, the ablation system further includes a temperature measurement module, which is connected to the control module or the freezing module. The temperature measurement module measures the temperature of the target tissue through a separate temperature measuring needle and / or a temperature measuring couple located on the ablation needle, and monitors the range and temperature of the freezing zone through temperature measurement feedback to control the conductivity of the freezing zone.

[0034] In some embodiments, the electrical ablation module also includes an impedance measurement and control module for monitoring the impedance between electrodes and its changes during cryoablation and / or electrical ablation, and based on this, calculating and controlling the ablation parameters of electrical ablation, determining and adjusting the position and distribution of electrodes in the tissue, determining and adjusting the participating electrodes and polarity, determining and adjusting the parallel connection and grouping of electrodes, and determining and adjusting the ablation order.

[0035] In some embodiments, the impedance measurement and control module has a voltage and current adjustment and distribution circuit, which controls the average distribution of the voltage and current of the main circuit and each branch circuit, the distribution proportional to the impedance size, the distribution inversely proportional to the impedance size, the distribution method of controlling the duration of electrical ablation and the time-sharing power supply, and controls and distributes the ablation voltage, current and ablation amount passing through each electrode according to the impedance between the monitored electrodes and its changes.

[0036] In some embodiments, a conductive liquid or drug that is biocompatible, harmless to tissue and / or beneficial to ablation is injected into a selected area of ​​the target tissue to increase the conductivity and drug concentration of the area; or a non-conductive or antifreeze liquid that is biocompatible, harmless to tissue and / or beneficial to ablation is injected to reduce the regional conductivity and freezing efficiency.

[0037] In some embodiments, the ablation system further includes an ECG R-wave synchronization module, which collects the patient's ECG and calculates the R-wave cycle through ECG electrodes. The control module controls the electroablation energy of the electroablation module according to the patient's ECG and R-wave cycle to be applied only during the R-wave refractory period.

[0038] In some embodiments, the ablation electrode is set in a shallow frozen area, and the freezing module is controlled not to actively thaw the target tissue but to rely on its natural thawing, so that the electrical ablation prioritizes the shallow frozen area; then as the target tissue thaws naturally, the temperature of the deep frozen area rises to the shallow frozen area, and the entire target tissue is electrically ablated; the aforementioned freezing-natural thawing-electrical ablation process is repeated.

[0039] In some embodiments, the freezing module is controlled to thaw the electrode contact area of ​​the ablation needle with a freezing function, so that it is heated to the temperature of the shallow frozen area and is connected to the target tissue, but the deep frozen area outside the ablation needle electrode contact area is not thawed, so that the shallow frozen area is first subjected to electrical ablation; then as the target tissue thaws naturally, the temperature of the deep frozen area rises to the shallow frozen area, and then the entire target tissue is electrically ablated; the process of freezing-electrode thawing-electrical ablation is repeated.

[0040] In some embodiments, during the gradual withdrawal of the ablation needle from the target tissue, the freezing zone or electrode zone of the ablation needle is used to perform continuous segmented cryoablation and / or electroablation on the puncture needle tract.

[0041] The present application also provides an ablation needle, which is used in the ablation system described in the above technical solution, including a needle rod, at least one electrode and a connecting wire. The electrode is arranged on the needle rod and connected to the electric ablation module through the connecting wire. The non-electrode area of ​​the needle rod is provided with an electrical insulation layer, and at least one of the electrode parts is located in the shallow freezing area.

[0042] An ablation needle, used in the ablation system described in the above technical solution, includes a needle shaft, a balloon, at least one electrode and a connecting wire, the electrode is connected to the electric ablation module through the connecting wire, the balloon is connected to the end of the needle shaft, the electrode is arranged on the balloon, the non-electrode area of ​​the balloon is provided with an electrical insulation layer, and at least one of the electrode parts is arranged within the shallow freezing area.

[0043] In some embodiments, when the electrode of the ablation needle is used as an anode or an electrode with a high electric potential, the electrode material or the outer wall material or cladding or coating material for isolating and protecting the electrode is:

[0044] Materials with electrochemical corrosion resistance include: platinum, platinum group alloys, graphite, graphene, carbon fiber materials or a combination of one or more;

[0045] Or, the material whose electrochemical corrosion products have harmless characteristics includes: a combination of one or more of titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, and zinc alloy;

[0046] Alternatively, the material whose electrochemical corrosion product has properties beneficial to ablation includes: one or more combinations of iron or iron alloy materials.

[0047] In some embodiments, the electrically insulating layer is made of a biocompatible polymer electrically insulating material, and the electrically insulating layer is a coating or a thin film layer.

[0048] In some embodiments, the ablation needle is connected to the freezing module through a connecting tube, so that the needle rod or the balloon has a freezing function. A first thermal insulation layer is also provided on the needle rod, and the edge of the first thermal insulation layer protrudes from the electrical insulation layer, so that the frozen electrode part is exposed in the shallow freezing area.

[0049] In some embodiments, the difference in the amount by which the edge of the first thermal insulation layer protrudes beyond the edge of the electrical insulation layer is in the range of 1 to 10 mm.

[0050] In some embodiments, an extension portion is connected to the outside of the far end of the freezing chamber of the needle rod, and the refrigerant cannot reach the extension portion. An electrode is provided on the extension portion to control the electrode on the extension portion to always be partially located in the shallow freezing area during the freezing process.

[0051] In some embodiments, an insulating portion resistant to electrolytic corrosion is provided at the connection between the extension portion and the needle-rod freezing chamber to isolate the needle-rod freezing chamber from the extension portion.

[0052] In some embodiments, the length of the extension portion is 3-15 mm.

[0053] In some embodiments, the ablation needle is provided with at least two electrodes connected to the electrical ablation module, insulated from each other, and having opposite polarities, one of which is located in a shallow freezing zone or a deep freezing zone that can be converted to a shallow freezing zone, and the other is located in a frozen zone or in human tissue or in electrical contact with human tissue. In some embodiments, the invention further comprises:

[0054] a puncture head connected to the tip of the needle shaft;

[0055] A flexible sheath, which is sleeved on the outside of the needle rod, and the needle rod is flexible and can be operated to drive the puncture head to extend or retract into the flexible sheath;

[0056] A snake tube, the snake tube being arranged at an end position inside the flexible sheath tube, with both ends of the snake tube being fixedly connected to the flexible sheath tube via a first fixing ring and a second fixing ring respectively;

[0057] A driving wire passes through the first fixing ring and is fixedly connected to the second fixing ring. The driving wire is located between the snake tube and the flexible sheath tube.

[0058] In some embodiments, a through tube is provided inside the needle shaft, one end of the through tube opens at the electrode of the needle shaft and communicates with the target tissue, and the other end of the through tube opens outside the body.

[0059] In some embodiments, the extracorporeal end of the tube is connected to an air pump, a liquid pump, a vacuum pump, a syringe, or an infusion pump.

[0060] In some embodiments, the ablation needle is a multipolar ablation needle, the needle shaft has a freezing zone, and is provided with at least two first electrodes and second electrodes with opposite polarities, the shallow freezing zone includes a first shallow freezing zone located at the proximal end of the freezing zone and a second shallow freezing zone located at the distal end of the freezing zone, the first electrode is axially arranged in the first shallow freezing zone, and the second electrode is axially arranged at the needle tip of the second shallow freezing zone;

[0061] The first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to two output terminals of the electrical ablation module with opposite polarities, and the polarities and electrical ablation parameters of the first electrode and the second electrode are configured by the electrical ablation module;

[0062] The area between the first electrode and the second electrode and the non-electrode area of ​​the needle rod are both provided with an electrical insulation layer, and the insulation strength of the electrical insulation layer is not lower than the power supply voltage of the electro-cold ablation device and the highest voltage generated by the electro-ablation module.

[0063] In some embodiments, the needle shaft is a hard needle shaft or a bendable flexible needle shaft.

[0064] In some embodiments, the axial length of the electrode is equal to the length of the axial region of the shallow freezing zone in which it is located.

[0065] In some embodiments, the needle shaft is made of a conductive material and is used to form an electrical connection between the first electrode or the second electrode and the electrical ablation module.

[0066] In some embodiments, the needle shaft has an exposed portion that serves as an electrode.

[0067] In some embodiments, a second thermal insulation layer is provided between the needle tip of the ablation needle and the rest of the needle shaft. The second thermal insulation layer is made of vacuum, plastic or other thermal insulation materials, so that the second electrode is in a shallow freezing zone.

[0068] In some embodiments, the interior of the needle rod is a hollow tube, the needle tip has an outlet for outputting refrigerant or medicine, and the electric ablation module is configured to adjust and configure the polarity and ablation parameters of the ablation needle electrode according to the polarity of the drug molecules to adjust the penetration speed and range of the drug molecules between the electrodes and in the target tissue.

[0069] In some embodiments, a needle handle is provided at one end of the needle rod; the ablation needle also includes an outer needle rod, which is detachably sealed and sleeved on the outside of the needle rod of the ablation needle, and the outer needle rod is connected to the needle handle and electrically connected to the electric ablation module; a first shallow freezing zone located at the proximal end of the freezing zone of the outer needle rod is provided with a first electrode, and a second electrode is provided at the needle tip of the second shallow freezing zone located at the distal end of the freezing zone; the ablation needle is a cryoablation needle, an electric ablation needle or an electric cold ablation needle, which forms a whole with the needle handle and can be used repeatedly; there is good heat conduction and electrical conduction between the outer needle rod and the ablation needle.

[0070] In some embodiments, the ablation needle further comprises an outer sleeve, which is detachably sleeved on the outer surface of the needle shaft of the ablation needle and can slide axially along the needle shaft. One end of the outer sleeve is connected to the needle handle of the ablation needle. The outer sleeve comprises a rod-shaped portion, on which a first electrode is provided, and a second electrode is provided at the needle tip of the ablation needle.

[0071] The outer sleeve is provided with a slider and a groove, and the groove is configured to position the first electrode; the slider is fixedly connected to the rod-shaped portion, and the slider is configured to drive the rod-shaped portion to slide axially along the needle rod, thereby driving the first electrode to move accordingly, so as to change the distance and impedance between the first electrode and the second electrode, thereby making the first electrode and the second electrode both located in the shallow freezing area.

[0072] In some embodiments, the outer sleeve is an insulating tube, and the length of the freezing zone and the shallow freezing zone can be adjusted by sliding the outer sleeve. The first electrode is arranged at the distal end of the insulating tube so that the first electrode is always located in the shallow freezing zone of the freezing zone.

[0073] The present application also provides an ablation control method combining cryoablation and electrical ablation, which is applied to the ablation system described in any one of the above technical solutions. The ablation control method is as follows:

[0074] S100: inserting an ablation needle into a target tissue, with at least two electrodes with opposite polarities arranged within a shallow freezing zone; or at least one electrode portion arranged within a shallow freezing zone, and at least one electrode with opposite polarity arranged in or in electrical contact with human tissue;

[0075] S200: Controlling the freezing module or freezing equipment to issue a freezing instruction, freezing the target tissue to below 0° C. by using an ablation needle with a freezing function, thereby forming a freezing zone;

[0076] S300: Before freezing, and / or during freezing, and / or after freezing, control the electroablation module or electroablation device to issue an electroablation instruction, and perform electroablation on the shallow frozen area first and then on the deep frozen area through the electroablation electrode.

[0077] In some embodiments, the ablation control method further comprises the following steps:

[0078] The temperature measurement module measures the temperature of the target tissue and obtains the temperature value;

[0079] The temperature measurement module transmits the temperature value to the control module, and the control module controls the working status of the freezing module and the electrical ablation module after receiving the temperature value.

[0080] In some embodiments, after the freezing zone is formed, the following steps are further included:

[0081] S210: The control module sends a thawing instruction to the freezing module. After receiving the thawing instruction, the cryoablation module thaws the frozen area contacted by the cryoablation needle or the electro-cooling ablation needle electrode until the area around the needle shaft reaches the temperature of the shallow frozen area, so that the shallow frozen area around the needle shaft electrode forms a conductive channel.

[0082] S220: After the conductive channel is formed, electrical ablation is performed on the shallow frozen area or the outer edge of the frozen area;

[0083] S230: After the electrical ablation of the shallow frozen area is completed, the deep frozen area is ablated.

[0084] S110: The control module sends an impedance monitoring instruction to the impedance measurement and control module. The impedance measurement and control module monitors and displays the impedance information between electrodes and calculates and controls the ablation parameters of the electrical ablation.

[0085] S120: After receiving the inter-electrode impedance information, the control module plans the electrode distribution and the operator implements the electrode distribution;

[0086] S130: After receiving the inter-electrode impedance information, the control module plans the electrode grouping and the operator implements the electrode grouping.

[0087] In some embodiments, the ablation control method further comprises the following steps:

[0088] S240: Use an ablation needle with freezing function to freeze the target muscle tissue or nerve tissue, so that it is in a deep freezing zone and does not conduct electricity, thereby preventing nerve conduction and muscle contraction to achieve cryosenesis.

[0089] The term "proximal end" as used herein should be interpreted as the end closer to the user, and the term "distal end" should be interpreted as the end farther from the user. For example, if the user holds the handle of an ablation needle, the end of the needle shaft closer to the handle is the proximal end, and the end of the needle shaft or needle tip farther from the handle is the distal end.

[0090] The ablation system, ablation needle, and control method combining cryoablation and electrical ablation provided in this application have the following beneficial effects:

[0091] By controlling the freezing module to freeze the target tissue to below 0°C, the target tissue is cryoablated or cryopreserved. When the freezing module only serves to cryopreserve the target tissue, the electroablation module can be controlled to perform electroablation. The ablation needle is fixed inside the target tissue to prevent the ablation needle from moving. The order in which the freezing module and electroablation module are applied is adjusted according to the condition of the target tissue, so that cryoablation and electroablation can overcome each other's shortcomings. Cryoablation and electroablation act synergistically on the same target tissue. The electroablation module is connected to at least two mutually insulated electrodes, at least one of which is partially located within the shallow freezing zone. The electroablation module electroablates the target tissue through the electrodes. Electroablation is performed using the electrodes in the shallow freezing zone, and the outer edge of the ice ball (the shallow freezing zone) is electroablated. The electroablation products act on the target tissue at the outer edge of the ice ball, improving the ablation effect. This allows freezing and electroablation to overcome their shortcomings and complement each other's strengths. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0092] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application.

[0093] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an ablation system combining cryoablation and electrical ablation provided by the present application;

[0094] FIG2 is a second structural schematic diagram of an ablation system combining cryoablation and electrical ablation provided by the present application;

[0095] FIG3 is a diagram showing the effects of freezing, natural thawing, and thawing followed by electrical ablation of a freezing module in an ablation system combining freezing and electrical ablation provided by the present application;

[0096] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of the present application of placing an electroablation needle at the edge of a shallow frozen area to freeze and thaw before electroablation;

[0097] FIG5 is a simulated circuit diagram between a cryoablation needle and an electroablation needle in an ablation system combining cryoablation and electroablation provided by the present application;

[0098] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a cryoablation needle with electrodes provided in the present application;

[0099] FIG7 is a second structural schematic diagram of a cryoablation needle with electrodes provided by the present application;

[0100] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a flexible electro-cold ablation needle with freezing and electro-ablation functions provided by the present application ablating a tumor in a cavity;

[0101] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the needle arrangement for tumor ablation at important structures in this application;

[0102] FIG10 is a schematic flow chart of the ablation control method provided in this application;

[0103] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a conventional electro-cooled ablation needle and temperature measurement in the freezing zone;

[0104] FIG12 is a schematic diagram showing the positional relationship between the electrical insulation layer and the first thermal insulation layer on the needle shaft of the cryoablation needle with an extended portion provided by the present application, and temperature measurement in the freezing zone;

[0105] FIG13 is a partial enlarged view of the needle rod extension portion at position A in FIG12;

[0106] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of electrocold needle ablation of perivascular tumors in this application;

[0107] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an ablation needle with a balloon in the present application;

[0108] FIG16 is a second structural schematic diagram of the ablation needle with a balloon in this application;

[0109] FIG17 is a schematic structural diagram of a flexible ablation needle with a flexible sheath in the present application;

[0110] FIG18 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a multi-electrode ablation needle in this application;

[0111] FIG19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a multi-electrode ablation needle in this application;

[0112] FIG20 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-electrode ablation needle with a liquid injection function in this application;

[0113] FIG21 is a schematic diagram of the appearance and structure of a multi-electrode sheath ablation needle in this application;

[0114] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a variable multi-electrode ablation needle in this application;

[0115] FIG23 is a schematic structural diagram of the variable multi-electrode ablation needle in this application.

[0116] Among them, 100 - ablation system; 111 - temperature measurement module; 112 - freezing module; 121 - electrical ablation module; 122 - impedance measurement and control module; 123 - adjustable power supply; 131 - electric cold needle; 132 - electrode needle; 140 - temperature measurement needle; 150 - control module; 200 - freezing zone; 210 - shallow freezing zone; 220 - deep freezing zone; 230 - conductive channel; 240 - target tissue; 250 - human body; 10-needle shaft; 11-electrode; 12-electrical insulation layer; 13-first thermal insulation layer; 14-through tube; 15-extension portion; 16-balloon; 17-puncture head; 18-flexible sheath; 19-coil tube; 20-needle handle; 21-first electrode; 22-second electrode; 23-needle tip; 24-refrigerant tube; 25-electrode connection line; 26-needle shaft outer wall; 27-needle shaft thermal insulation layer; 28-second thermal insulation layer; 29-hollow tube; 30-connecting tube; 31-infusion Inlet; 32-liquid outlet; 33-refrigerant; 35-contact spring; 36-outer needle rod; 37-sealing glue; 38-slider; 39-groove; 40-connector; 42-inner needle insulation layer; 43-outer sleeve; 44-outer sleeve insulation layer; 45-needle handle spring; 46-spring; 47-spring slide rail; 48-rod-shaped part; 52-first shallow freezing zone; 53-second shallow freezing zone; 54-proximal end of freezing zone; 55, distal end of freezing zone; 56, distal end of insulation tube. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0117] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0118] It should be noted that all directional indications in the embodiments of the present application (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indication will also change accordingly.

[0119] In addition, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. in this application are for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that they can be implemented by ordinary technicians in this field. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by this application.

[0120] The embodiments of the present application provide an ablation system, ablation needle and control method that combine cryoablation and electroablation, thereby solving the technical problem in the prior art of combining electroablation and cryoablation, in which electroablation and cryoablation work independently and cannot achieve synergistic effects, resulting in poor ablation effects.

[0121] The technical solution in the embodiments of the present application is to solve the above technical problems, and the overall idea is as follows:

[0122] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the present application provides an ablation system 100 that combines cryoablation and electrical ablation. The ablation system 100 includes: a control module 150, a cryoablation module 112, an electrical ablation module 121, and a temperature measurement module 111. The cryoablation module 112, the electrical ablation module 121, and the temperature measurement module 111 are all connected to the control module 150. The control module 150, the cryoablation module 112, the electrical ablation module 121, and the temperature measurement module 111 are collectively referred to as an electrical cooling system.

[0123] The ablation system 100 further includes an ablation needle, to which the freezing module 112 and the electrical ablation module 121 are connected. The ablation needle includes a cryoablation needle, an electrical ablation needle, a cryoablation needle with an electrode, an electrical ablation needle with a freezing function, and a surface electrode plate.

[0124] The cryoablation needle is an ablation needle that simply has a freezing function;

[0125] The electrical ablation needle is an ablation needle that simply has an electrical ablation function, namely, the electrode needle 132;

[0126] The cryoablation needle with electrodes is an ablation needle having electrodes and connected to the electrical ablation module 121 , i.e., the electrical cold needle 131 ;

[0127] The electroablation needle with freezing function is an ablation needle connected to a refrigerant;

[0128] The surface electrode plate is an electrode patch attached to the surface of the human body 250° skin.

[0129] The freezing module 112 is used to freeze the target tissue 240 to below 0°C to form a freezing zone 200. By selectively positioning the ablation needle with a freezing function in the target tissue 240, controlling the refrigerant pressure and flow, freezing power, freezing time and temperature, the ice ball formed has a cryoablation function and / or a cryopreservation function and / or a cryosurgery function;

[0130] The freezing zone 200 is divided into a shallow freezing zone 210 and a deep freezing zone 220. The temperature range of the shallow freezing zone 210 is set to -21°C to 0°C, which is a conductive zone and suitable for electrical ablation. The temperature range of the deep freezing zone 220 is set to be lower than -21°C, which is a non-conductive zone and not suitable for electrical ablation.

[0131] When the freezing module 112 performs cryoablation, the target tissue 240 must be frozen to below -40°C;

[0132] When the freezing module 112 performs cryofixation, the ablation needle must be frozen to below 0°C;

[0133] When the freezing module 112 performs cryosurgery, the ablation needle must be frozen to below -21°C.

[0134] The ablation needle is provided with electrodes, the non-active area of ​​the ablation needle is insulated, the electrodes are at least two electrodes with opposite polarities, and the electrodes are insulated from each other;

[0135] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the electric ablation module 121 performs electric ablation on the target tissue 240 through electrodes. The electric ablation module 121 is connected to at least two electrodes, and the electrodes include at least one first electrode and at least one second electrode. The first electrode and the second electrode are insulated from each other and connected to two output ends of the electric ablation module 121 with opposite polarities; at least one first electrode portion is located in the shallow freezing area 210 or in the deep freezing area 220 that can be converted into the shallow freezing area 210; the first electrode and the second electrode are insulated from each other and have opposite polarities, and at least one second electrode portion is arranged in the shallow freezing area 210, and / or in the body, and / or in electrical contact with the body surface. Preferably, at least one of the first electrode portions is located within the shallow frozen zone 210 after the ice ball is fully formed, allowing for electrical ablation of the target tissue 240 even after the ice ball is fully formed. While an ice ball certainly has a deep frozen zone 220 and a shallow frozen zone 210, and as the ice ball naturally thaws and undergoes electrolysis, it will also be located within the shallow frozen zone 210, placing the electrode in the shallow frozen zone 210 when the ice ball is at its maximum shape is unprecedented. Once the ice ball is fully formed, it reaches its predetermined maximum shape, maximizing the ablation range and allowing the ablation product to maximize its effect on the outer ring of the target tissue 240, achieving ablation of the outer ring of the tumor first and more thorough ablation. At least two mutually insulated electrode portions with opposite polarity are located within the shallow frozen zone 210; alternatively, at least one first electrode portion is located within the shallow frozen zone 210, and at least one second electrode is located externally as a surface electrode plate or internally.

[0136] Specifically, multiple cryoablation needles are located in the outer ring of the electroablation needle, which can form a larger freezing zone 200. The deep freezing zone 220 is larger and suitable for larger tumors. The electrodes on the cryoablation needles in the shallow freezing zone 210 are connected to the electrodes on the electroablation needles in the shallow freezing zone 210, and electroablation is performed in the shallow freezing zone 210.

[0137] Multiple electric ablation needles are located in the outer ring of the cryoablation needles. Of course, multiple cryoablation needles can also be set. Multiple electric ablation needles are set in the outer ring of multiple cryoablation needles. The deep freezing zone 220 can set the number of cryoablation needles according to the size of the tumor, which is suitable for tumors of different sizes. The cryoablation needle freezes the target tissue 240. The electric ablation needle is arranged in the shallow freezing zone 210. Electric ablation is performed in the shallow freezing zone 210. The anode of the cryoablation needle and the cathode of the electric ablation needle are conductive to form an electrochemical reaction. The electrochemical products of the multiple electric ablation needles can be fully distributed in the shallow freezing zone 210, especially the electrodes with one or a combination of iron or iron-magnesium alloy materials. The electrochemical products can poison the tumor cells in the shallow freezing zone 210, making the electric ablation in the shallow freezing zone 210 more thorough.

[0138] An ablation system 100 combining cryoablation and electroablation, the ablation system 100 comprising a cryoablation module 112 and an electroablation module 121;

[0139] The freezing module 112 and the electrical ablation module 121 are connected to an ablation needle, and the target tissue 240 is frozen and / or electrically ablated via the ablation needle;

[0140] The electrical ablation module 121 is connected to at least two mutually insulated electrodes, at least one of which is located on the ablation needle, and the electrical ablation module 121 performs electrical ablation on the target tissue 240 through the electrodes;

[0141] The electrical ablation is performed before freezing. The electrochemical product of the electrode has the property of causing cell ferroptosis, and specifically may be iron, iron alloy, or iron-magnesium alloy.

[0142] The ablation needle is inserted into the tumor, and electrical ablation is performed before freezing. During electrochemical ablation, the anode can be sacrificed to allow iron ions to diffuse into tissues and cells, killing cancer cells. The electrolysis products will contain iron ions and magnesium ions. After the iron ions pass through the electroporated cell membrane and enter the cell, they can initiate liposome peroxidation through the Fenton reaction. In addition to acid-base products, the electrochemical products of iron ions and magnesium ions will further damage tumor cells and cause tumor cells to die. In addition, iron ions and magnesium ions are essential elements for the human body and will eventually be absorbed by the human body without affecting the human body.

[0143] The freezing module 112 and the electrical ablation module 121 may be an integrated device connected to the same control module 150 , as shown in FIG1 .

[0144] The freezing module 112 and the electric ablation module 121 can also be a separate freezing device and a separate electric ablation device, which are used in combination and have freezing and electric ablation functions. As shown in Figure 2, the freezing device is connected to the freezing ablation needle, and the electric ablation device is connected to the electric ablation needle. The electric ablation device can also be connected to the freezing ablation needle of the freezing device. The separate electric ablation device can also be set to at least one electrode part located within the ice ball range below 0°C. The combined use of such devices is also within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0145] Specifically, the separate freezing device and the separate electroablation device may be:

[0146] A separate cryoablation device is connected to an external power source to enable the cryoablation needle to have electrochemical ablation function;

[0147] Separate radiofrequency ablation and pulse ablation devices use the current on the ablation needle to make the ablation needle on the radiofrequency ablation and pulse ablation device undergo electrochemical reaction in the target tissue 240, thereby realizing the electrochemical ablation function of the radiofrequency ablation and pulse ablation device.

[0148] After the ablation is completed, while the ablation needle is gradually withdrawn from the target tissue 240 , the freezing zone or electrode zone of the ablation needle is used to perform continuous segmented cryoablation and / or electrical ablation on the puncture needle tract.

[0149] During the actual needle removal process, the ablation needle must be energized each time it is pulled out a certain distance to cause an electrochemical reaction in the ablation needle. As each section of the ablation needle is pulled out, the electrochemical products will remain in the needle hole of the human body 250 tissue until the entire range of the needle hole is electrochemically ablated. The tumor cells remaining in the needle hole are brought out by the ablation needle, and the electrochemical products will kill them to prevent the tumor cells from being brought out and remaining in the human body 250 tissue to survive; and / or, as each section of the ablation needle is pulled out, the freezing module 112 performs cryoablation on the needle track.

[0150] A separate freezing device freezes the target tissue 240, providing a conductive environment for the electrodes in the freezing zone 200, and freezes the target tissue 240 to form a deep freezing zone 220 and a shallow freezing zone 210, thereby increasing the conductivity of the electrodes in the shallow freezing zone 210. A separate electroablation device controls the electroablation process, electroablates the shallow freezing zone 210, and the tumor cells in the deep freezing zone 220 are cryoablated.

[0151] The ablation system 100 further includes a temperature measurement module 111, which is connected to the control module 150 or the freezing module 112. The temperature measurement module 111 measures the temperature of the target tissue 240 via a separate temperature measuring needle 140 and / or a thermocouple located on the ablation needle, and monitors the range and temperature of the freezing zone 200 through temperature measurement feedback to help control the conductivity of the freezing zone 200. Specifically, the temperature measurement module 111 detects the temperature of the freezing zone 200 and feeds back the temperature information to the control module 150. The control module 150 controls the temperature of the freezing zone 200 to be maintained between -21°C and 0°C to maintain the conductivity of the freezing zone 200.

[0152] The freezing module 112 and the electrical ablation module 121 act in conjunction with each other on the same target tissue 240 , and the electrical ablation is performed before freezing, and / or simultaneously with freezing, and / or after freezing.

[0153] The edge of the insulating area of ​​the ablation needle is located within the shallow freezing zone 210, so that the electrode on the ablation needle can be conductive in the shallow freezing zone 210, and the temperature gradually increases from the center of the ice ball to the outer edge. There will always be a part of the electrode coverage area located in the shallow freezing zone 210. During electrical ablation, the two electrodes can be conductive, and the temperature measured by the surgical temperature measurement module 111 through the control module 150 controls the freezing range and temperature, thereby enabling the temperature in the target tissue 240 to remain fixed within the shallow freezing zone 210, thereby stabilizing the range of electrical ablation.

[0154] The control module 150 controls the electric ablation module 121 and the temperature measurement module 111 to work in time-sharing manner when acting on the ablation needle without interfering with each other. Specifically, the control module 150 controls the electric ablation module 121 to disconnect the temperature measurement module 111 before electric ablation. Since the rated current of the detection circuit of the temperature measurement couple is approximately 35 mA, and the voltage applied to the human body 250 by the electric ablation module 121 is 30 V as a reference, the impedance of the target tissue 240 of the human body 250 is approximately 300 Ω, and the current of electric ablation in the human body 250 is approximately 100 mA, which is much larger than the rated current of the detection circuit of the temperature measurement couple. Therefore, during electric ablation, the output function of the electric ablation module 121 or the temperature measurement module 111 should be turned off, and the temperature measurement couple should be disconnected to avoid overload and damage to the detection circuit corresponding to the temperature measurement couple.

[0155] By controlling the freezing module 112 to freeze the target tissue 240 to below 0°C, the target tissue 240 is cryoablated or cryopreserved. When the freezing module 112 only serves to cryopreserve the target tissue 240, the electroablation module 121 can be controlled to perform electroablation. The ablation needle is fixed inside the target tissue 240 to prevent the ablation needle from moving. The order of applying the freezing module 112 and the electroablation module 121 is adjusted according to the situation of the target tissue 240, so that cryoablation and electroablation can overcome each other's shortcomings. Cryoablation and electroablation act synergistically on the same target tissue 240. The electroablation module 121 is connected to at least two mutually insulated electrodes, and the two electrodes are at least partially located within the shallow freezing zone 210. Electroablation is performed through the electrodes in the shallow freezing zone 210, and the electroablation products act on the target tissue 240 at the outer edge of the ice ball, thereby enhancing the targeting and ablation efficiency of the ablation, so that cryoablation and electroablation can overcome their shortcomings and complement each other's advantages.

[0156] During traditional cryoablation, the electrodes at the center of the ice ball can only be connected to the electrodes at the edge of the ice ball as the ice ball melts. After the connection, the electrical ablation can only act within the range of the melted ice ball, resulting in poor ablation effect on the target tissue 240 at the outer edge.

[0157] The initial freezing module 112 freezes the target tissue 240. The electrodes in the deep freezing zone 220 are non-conductive, while the electrodes in the shallow freezing zone 210 are conductive. Electrical ablation is performed through the electrodes in the shallow freezing zone 210 to electrically ablate the outer edge of the ice ball (the shallow freezing zone 210). The electrical ablation product acts on the target tissue 240 at the outer edge of the freezing zone 200, thereby improving the ablation effect of the outer edge of the target tissue 240.

[0158] The temperature inside the target tissue 240 is detected by the temperature detection module, and then the controller can adjust the freezing module 112 to control the freezing degree inside the target tissue 240 according to the temperature detected by the temperature detection module, so that the freezing module 112 and the electric ablation module 121 cooperate with each other more stably and have a better synergistic effect; the target area is frozen by freezing, so that the target area is in a low-temperature freezing state, and the target area will be marked by freezing. The use of density imaging equipment such as CT will more clearly display the specific ablation range of the target area, and the ablation area can be determined for subsequent electric ablation.

[0159] Example 1: Combined cryoablation and electrochemical ablation

[0160] In this embodiment, ablation is performed by combining cryoablation with electrochemical ablation.

[0161] During the ablation process of cryoablation combined with electrochemical ablation, a cryoablation needle and an electroablation needle are inserted into the same target tissue 240. The cryoablation needle may also be equipped with an electrode. During the ablation process, cryoablation and electrochemical ablation work synergistically.

[0162] As shown in Figures 1 to 5, the ablation system 100 further includes an impedance measurement and control module 122. The impedance measurement and control module 122 has a voltage and current adjustment and distribution circuit. According to the monitored impedance between electrodes and its changes, it controls the average distribution of the voltage and current of the main circuit and each branch, the distribution proportional to the impedance size, the distribution inversely proportional to the impedance size, the distribution mode of controlling the duration of electrical ablation and the time-sharing power supply, and controls and distributes the ablation voltage, current and ablation power passing through each electrode. The impedance measurement and control module 122 is connected to the control module 150 and the ablation needle to monitor the impedance between electrodes and its changes during freezing and / or electrical ablation, and according to the impedance measurement and control module 122, the ablation voltage, current and ablation power passing through each electrode are controlled and distributed. This calculation and control of the ablation parameters of electrical ablation, specifically waveform, voltage, current, and duration, determines and adjusts the position and distribution of electrodes in the tissue, determines and adjusts the participating electrodes and polarity, determines and adjusts the electrode string connection and grouping, and determines and adjusts the ablation order. It is used to adjust the electrode position distribution based on the analysis and judgment of the electrode distribution impedance. During the insertion of the ablation needle, it regularly detects whether there is a short circuit or open circuit between the electrodes in the target tissue 240, and can immediately understand the status between the electrodes. If a short circuit or open circuit occurs, the doctor can immediately replace or adjust the position of the electrode to avoid the impact of electrode short circuit or open circuit on electrical ablation after the formation of the ice ball.

[0163] Furthermore, the freezing module 112 has a thawing function, which selectively freezes or thaws the ablation needle with freezing function connected thereto, controls the electrode contact area of ​​the ablation needle to be in the shallow freezing area 210, thereby forming a conductive channel 230 to achieve electrical ablation, or controls the electrode contact area of ​​the ablation needle to be in the deep freezing area 220 to prevent electrical ablation of the electrode, or controls the electrical impedance of the electrode contact area of ​​the ablation needle.

[0164] A cryoablation needle and an electroablation needle with electrodes are inserted into the same target tissue 240. In this embodiment, three cryoablation needles with electrodes and one electroablation needle are used. The three ablation needles CE1, CE2, and CE3 are cryoablation needles with electrodes (electrical cold needles 131), which serve as cathodes and are arranged in parallel; the electroablation needle AN is an electroablation needle, which serves as an anode and is connected to the other output terminal of the power supply. The electric cold needle 131 and the electroablation needle are connected in series at both ends of the power supply.

[0165] Total ablation current of the ablation needle: I = I a1 +I a2 +…+I an

[0166] Uncontrolled ablation current: The current between the electrode shunts is inversely proportional to the impedance

[0167] I a1 :I a2 :…:I an =1 / Z a1 :1 / Z a2:…:1 / Z an

[0168] Through the adjustable power supply 123 and the adjustable shunt circuit (the adjustable shunt circuit belongs to the existing circuit application and is not the invention of this application, so its specific circuit diagram is not shown in this patent), the adjustable shunt circuit can control the current on the cryoablation needle and the electroablation needle with electrodes to achieve the following current control effect:

[0169] (1) Current sharing: The current between each electrode branch is equally distributed, that is,

[0170] I a1 =I a2 =…=I an =I / n

[0171] (2) Distribute current according to impedance: The smaller the impedance between the electrode branches, the smaller the current, which is suitable for the actual ablation situation, that is,

[0172] I a1 :I a2 :…:I an =Z a1 :Z a2 :…:Z an

[0173] (3) Time-sharing electrical ablation: The cold needle 131 and the ablation needle are grouped for electrical ablation, and are performed in sequence at different times. For example, CE1 to AN; CE2 to AN;

[0174] CE3~AN, etc., i.e.

[0175] I a1 =I a2 =…=I an =I

[0176] During the operation, the center and edge coordinates of the target tissue 240 are first determined by medical imaging equipment such as CT (Computed Tomography) or ultrasound or magnetic resonance imaging. The doctor sets the electrode distribution according to the size and shape of the target tissue 240. After the cryoablation needle and the electroablation needle with electrodes are inserted into the target tissue 240, the control module 150 determines whether the impedance between the ablation needles meets the surgical requirements through the impedance information measured by the impedance measurement and control module 122. If the impedance between the ablation needles is too large or too small, there may be an open circuit or short circuit between the electrodes. The control module 150 plans the distribution of the electrodes according to the impedance information, and scans the cryoablation needle and the electroablation needle with electrodes again through the imaging equipment, and finally displays it on the display. The control module 150 can also adjust the polarity of the electrodes on the ablation needle and the grouping of multiple electrodes to make the cryoablation needle and the electroablation needle with electrodes more compatible with the preset requirements.

[0177] Example 2: Ablation is performed using a combination of cryoablation and electric pulse ablation.

[0178] The freezing module 112 performs cryoablation on the target tissue 240. Since cryoablation has a poor ablation effect on the outer edge of the target tissue 240, the electric ablation module 121 performs supplementary ablation on the outer edge of the target tissue 240. In addition, when the electric ablation needle is passing high voltage, an electrochemical reaction will also occur at the electric ablation needle, and an acid-base solution will be generated at the electric ablation needle, which will also have an ablation effect on the target tissue 240. The combination of cryoablation and electric pulse ablation further enhances the ablation effect of the target tissue 240. Furthermore, the ablation needle is insulated, and the electrodes on the ablation needle are made of one or a combination of platinum, platinum group alloys, graphite, graphene, and carbon fiber materials. The electrodes on the ablation needle will not be electrolyzed, thereby avoiding electrochemical replacement of the ablation needle itself, and avoiding breaking of the ablation needle in the body or affecting its pressure resistance.

[0179] When performing electric pulse ablation, the freezing module 112 first freezes the target tissue 240 to form a freezing zone 200, and the electrodes in the freezing zone 200 are divided into groups. There is a potential difference between the electrodes in each group. Electric pulse ablation occurs in the freezing zone 200, and the electrodes are at least partially located in the shallow freezing zone 210, thereby achieving electric pulse ablation of the shallow freezing zone 210.

[0180] Example 3: Radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, and transthoracic field ablation (TTF)

[0181] The electric ablation needle is inserted into the target tissue 240 and then powered on. The radio frequency electrode emits radio frequency waves or microwaves, which interfere with the tumor cells in the target tissue 240, affecting the normal growth of the tumor cells, causing the growth of the tumor cells to become disordered, and unable to divide and proliferate normally, completely rendering the area inactive.

[0182] In this embodiment, ablation is performed by combining cryoablation with radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, or electric field ablation. The freezing module 112 performs cryoablation on the target tissue 240. Since cryoablation has a poor ablation effect on the outer edge of the target tissue 240, the ice ball freezes the target tissue 240. After the water in the tissue freezes, salt is separated out, forming a conductive salt channel within the target tissue 240. The shallow frozen area 210 is conductive. The electric ablation module 121 performs additional ablation on the shallow frozen area 210. The combination of cryoablation, radiofrequency ablation, microwave ablation, and electric field ablation (TTF) further enhances the ablation effect of the target tissue 240.

[0183] Preferably, the selection and timing of electroablation and cryoablation are as follows:

[0184] Electrocold ablation: Electroablation and cryoablation act synergistically on the target tissue 240 to perform composite and superimposed ablation on the target tissue 240. The specific application sequence includes the following:

[0185] 1) After the electrical ablation module 121 has completed its operation, the freezing module 112 immediately performs cryoablation: the electrical ablation needle acts on the large blood vessels near the target tissue 240, and then the electrical ablation module 121 is controlled to reduce the blood flow rate in the large blood vessels, thereby reducing the heat generated by the blood flow. The freezing module 112 is then quickly activated to accelerate the freezing speed of the freezing module 112, enabling the ice ball to be formed quickly. The target tissue 240 is quickly cooled to the temperature required for cryoablation, and electrical ablation and cryoablation act on the target tissue 240 simultaneously, thereby improving the ablation effect.

[0186] Of course, electroablation can be performed immediately after cryoablation. After cryoablation, the cell walls of tumor cells are permeabilized, and electroablation can directly act on the cell nuclei that have lost the protection of the cell walls, which can further improve the ablation effect.

[0187] 2) The electrical ablation module 121 and the freezing module 112 are started simultaneously. The freezing module 112 cools the target tissue 240 from the ablation needle. The temperature of the ice ball formed is the lowest at the center and gradually reaches 0°C outside the ice ball. The ice ball can only conduct electricity between -21°C and 0°C. While the freezing module 112 is freezing the target tissue 240, the electrical ablation module 121 performs electrical ablation. The electrical ablation acts on the target tissue 240. As the ice ball formed by the freezing module 112 gradually grows larger, the temperature of the target tissue 240 gradually decreases. As the temperature of the ice ball gradually decreases, the range of the deep freezing zone 220 in the freezing zone 200 gradually increases until it covers the electrode. When the electroablation module 121 stops working due to the short circuit of the electrode, during the process of the ice ball gradually growing to its maximum size, during the period when the deep frozen area 220 gradually covers the electrode, the electroablation module 121 will electroablate the target tissue 240, and the electroablation product will diffuse outward from the center of the ice ball as the ice ball grows. Since a part of the electrode is exposed within the shallow frozen area 210, the electroablation module 121 will continue to electroablate the target tissue 240 within the shallow frozen area 210 while freezing. The electroablation and cryoablation of the electroablation module 121 will simultaneously ablate the target tissue 240, so that the ablation effects of cryoablation and electroablation are superimposed, thereby improving the ablation effect.

[0188] In particular, when electrochemical ablation is used, after the electroablation module 121 is disconnected, the electrochemical products still remain inside the ice ball, and cryoablation and electrochemical ablation work together to ablate the target tissue 240, resulting in a better ablation effect.

[0189] 3) After the freezing module 112 has finished its work, the electrical ablation module 121 performs electrical ablation immediately. After the freezing module 112 has finished its work, the inner side of the target tissue 240 is cryoablated, the tumor cells outside the target tissue 240 are permeabilized, and then electrical ablation is performed, so that the electrical ablation has a better ablation effect on the tumor cells in the target tissue 240.

[0190] The thawing operation of the traditional freezing module 112 is used as a preparation for subsequent freezing. The traditional cryoablation step is to first freeze the target tissue 240 to form an ice ball. At this time, the size of the ice ball has not reached the required size. Ice has a certain effect of inhibiting temperature transfer, so that the low temperature at the ablation needle cannot absorb external heat, resulting in a single freezing that cannot obtain a larger ice ball. Through thawing, the inside of the ice ball explodes to form dense divergent cracks. After freezing again, the temperature outside the ice ball can be conducted to the inside, thereby making the ice ball larger; another purpose of the thawing operation of the traditional freezing module 112 is to facilitate needle removal. The ice ball is frozen together with the ablation needle. After cryoablation is completed, the ice ball takes more than ten minutes or even dozens of minutes to completely thaw. In order to facilitate the rapid removal of the ablation needle, the ablation needle needs to be heated to thaw the ablation needle inside the ice ball, so that the ablation needle can be quickly removed.

[0191] Another preferred embodiment is that at least two mutually insulated electrodes are provided on the same ablation needle, and the two electrodes are located in the shallow frozen zone 210 at both ends of the freezing zone 200. After the freezing zone 200 formed by the freezing module 112 freezes the target tissue 240, the two electrodes on the same ablation needle are located in the shallow frozen zone 210, and the electric ablation module 121 performs electric ablation through the electrodes in the shallow frozen zone 210, so that electric ablation can be carried out simultaneously with freezing. In the same time, more electrochemical products can be produced, and the two electrodes are located at both ends of the shallow frozen zone 210. Electric ablation can cover the entire shallow frozen zone 210, so that the shallow frozen zone 210 is ablated more thoroughly. Especially for the ablation of small tumors, only one ablation needle can be inserted so that the freezing zone 200 covers the tumor, reducing the difficulty of inserting the needle during the operation.

[0192] Preferably, as shown in FIG3 , the freezing module 112 in the present application has a thawing function, and the control module 150 can selectively control the freezing module 112 to freeze and / or thaw the ablation needle with a freezing function through the temperature measurement feedback of the temperature measurement module 111, and control the frozen area 200 in contact with the electrode on the ablation needle to become a shallow frozen area 210, so that the electrode on the ablation needle is connected to the outer edge of the target tissue 240 and achieves the conductive performance required for electrical ablation, thereby forming a conductive channel 230 to achieve the selected The present embodiment shows an ablation method of using an electric ablation needle and two or three cryoablation needles with electrodes around it. The freezing module 112 rewarms the electrodes to a temperature above -21°C. The purpose is to control the temperature of the frozen area 200 in contact with the electrodes on the ablation needle to be above -21°C, that is, to become a shallow frozen area 210. The electric ablation needle passes through the outer edge of the ice ball, so that the electrode in the deep frozen area 220 can be kept above -21°C with the shallow frozen area 210. In the temperature range, since ice is conductive above -21°C, the electrodes on the cold needle 131 can conduct electricity with the outer edge of the ice ball, thereby forming a conductive channel 230 between the cold needle 131 and the outer edge of the ice ball along the long axis of the ice ball. The electroablation module 121 then electroablates the outer edge of the ice ball through the electrodes and conductive channel 230. The external impedance of the ice ball is much greater than the impedance at the conductive channel 230. The ice ball limits the scope of electroablation and fixes the tumor to prevent it from escaping the range of electroablation. Because cryoablation inside the ice ball may not be complete, as the degree of thawing increases, the electrodes on the cold needle 131 gradually heat up to above -21°C. The electrode-equipped cryoablation needle and the electroablation needle form a conductive channel 230 between the short axis of the ice ball, electroablating the interior of the target tissue 240. Importantly, the outer edge of the tumor is preferentially ablated through the conductive channel 230, and then the interior of the tumor is synergistically ablated through electroablation and cryoablation, resulting in more complete tumor ablation.

[0193] Electroablation is performed simultaneously with freezing and / or after freezing. The electrode is positioned so that part of it is located in the selected shallow frozen area 210 and is connected to the target tissue 240. The freezing module 112 is controlled not to actively thaw the target tissue 240 during freezing or after freezing, but to rely on its natural thawing, so that electroablation prioritizes the selected shallow frozen area 210, such as the edge of the ice ball, the ice ball joint and the area around the large blood vessels; then with natural thawing, the temperature of the deep frozen area 220 rises to the shallow frozen area 210, and the entire target tissue 240 is electroablated, and the aforementioned freezing-natural thawing-electroablation process is repeated.

[0194] Electrical ablation is performed simultaneously with freezing and / or after freezing. The freezing module 112 or freezing equipment slightly thaws the contact area of ​​the electrode on the ablation needle with freezing function, that is, thaws the electrode, so that the electrode contact area is heated to above -21°C without thawing the deep frozen area 220 outside the ablation needle electrode contact area, so that the electrode is connected to the target tissue 240, thereby forming a conductive channel 230. First, electrical ablation is performed on the shallow frozen area 210; then, with active thawing, the temperature of the deep frozen area 220 is increased to the shallow frozen area 210, and the entire target tissue 240 is electrically ablated, and the aforementioned freezing-electrode thawing-electrical ablation process is repeated.

[0195] By performing at least one cycle of freezing-thawing-electrical ablation, the range of the shallow frozen area 210 is kept relatively fixed, and the action area of ​​the electric ablation product is concentrated in the shallow frozen area 210, so that the outer circle of the target tissue 240 is ablated first, avoiding the problem of incomplete ablation of the outer circle of the tumor.

[0196] Simple electrical ablation: The freezing module 112 lowers the target tissue 240 to a non-freezing ablation temperature below 0°C, specifically -21°C to 0°C. The ice formed by the freezing in the target tissue 240 only fixes the ablation needle, and then electrical ablation is performed to prevent the ablation needle from moving during the electrical ablation process, thereby improving the fixation effect of the ablation needle. In addition, the range of electrical ablation is fixed on the frozen target tissue 240, making the ablation direction of electrical ablation more accurate and improving the ablation effect. At the same time, due to the dehydration of tumor cells in the frozen target tissue 240, salt will be precipitated together, forming a conductive salt channel in the target tissue 240. The conductive salt channel reduces the impedance of the conductive circuit in the target tissue 240, thereby improving the electrical ablation effect.

[0197] Furthermore, during the action of the freezing module 112 and the electric ablation module 121, the electrode is at least partially frozen in the target tissue 240 or at the edge of the target tissue 240, and the freezing module 112 controls the electrode portion to be within the shallow freezing zone 210 through the temperature measurement feedback of the temperature measurement module 111. Specifically, the temperature measurement module 111 transmits the measured temperature information to the control module 150, and the control module 150 controls the freezing module 112 to freeze or thaw according to the temperature information measured by the temperature measurement module 111, so that the electrode portion is within the shallow freezing zone 210.

[0198] Ablation needles include cryoablation needles, electroablation needles, cryoablation needles with electrodes, and electroablation needles with freezing function.

[0199] Specifically, when the ablation needle is a cryoablation needle, an electric ablation needle (electrode needle 132), or a cryoablation needle with an electrode (electric cold needle 131), the ablation needle is first inserted into the target tissue 240, and the target tissue 240 is cooled by the freezing module 112 to freeze the ablation needle and the target tissue 240.

[0200] Furthermore, as shown in FIG9 , when a tumor is located in a blood vessel, cavity, or vital organ structure, the needle placement position is limited. For example, if a tumor is located near a large blood vessel, since blood can continuously bring heat, the area near the large blood vessel cannot be frozen to form an ice ball, and the cryoablation needle cannot completely freeze the tumor inside the ice ball. Electric cold needles 131 are arranged at the edges of the tumor on both sides of the blood vessel, and electric ablation needles are arranged between the electric cold needles 131 and the blood vessel. The deep freezing zone 220 of the electric cold needles 131 is located at the edges of the tumor on both sides of the blood vessel, and the area around the blood vessel can only be frozen to form a shallow freezing zone 210 or cannot be frozen. Electric ablation is performed by the electric cold needles 131 and the electric ablation needles, and electrochemical products are transferred between the electric cold needles 131 and the electric ablation needles and diffused in the tumor, thereby achieving ablation of tumors in blood vessels, cavities, or vital organ structures.

[0201] Alternatively, for a tumor near a vital organ, when only the edge of the tumor on one side of the vital organ has the conditions to be frozen to form an ice ball, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG9 , when the tumor is located near a vital organ, there is not enough space for too many ablation needles to be inserted into the target tissue 240 at the same time. An electric cold needle 131 is arranged at the edge of the tumor on one side of the vital organ, and an electric ablation needle is arranged at the edge of the tumor on the other side of the vital organ where the electric cold needle 131 cannot be arranged. An electrode needle 132 is arranged on the other side. Then, the freezing module 112 cools the electric cold needle 131. The deep frozen area 220 frozen by the electric cold needle 131 is located at the edge of the tumor on the side of the vital organ, thereby achieving relative fixation of the position between the ablation needle and the tumor. Local cryoablation and cryopreservation are simultaneously performed by a cryoablation needle with an electrode. The electrode needle 132 is easier to insert. The electric cold needle 131 and the electrode needle 132 perform electrical ablation. The electrochemical product is transferred between the electric cold needle 131 and the electrode needle 132 and diffuses in the tumor, thereby achieving ablation of the tumor in the blood vessel, cavity or vital organ structure.

[0202] Alternatively, in the case of a tumor located near a vital organ, as shown in FIG9 , in this embodiment, there is no space for inserting too many ablation needles into the target tissue 240 at the same time, nor is there enough space for freezing a cryoablation needle. By inserting only a cryoablation needle with electrodes, electrical ablation is performed using two or more electrode needles 132 or a surface electrode plate and at least one electrode needle 132 ;

[0203] Alternatively, in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG14 , a tumor is located at the intersection of blood vessels. Since the blood vessel flow can continuously bring heat, the tumor at the intersection of blood vessels cannot be frozen to form a deep frozen area 220. By inserting an electro-cold ablation needle, the tumor at the intersection of blood vessels is frozen to form a shallow frozen area 210. Then, the electro-cold ablation needle is controlled by the electro-ablation module 121 to perform electro-ablation, so that the electro-ablation product diffuses in the shallow frozen area 210, and finally, electrochemical ablation of the tumor at the intersection of blood vessels is achieved.

[0204] Another example is a tumor in a cavity. Due to the tortuosity of the cavity, a hard ablation needle cannot be inserted directly into the tumor location through the cavity. A soft ablation needle is required to pass through the cavity. Generally, a soft ablation needle does not have a puncture function. After the soft ablation needle reaches the tumor location, the freezing module 112 cools the ablation needle so that the ablation needle adheres to the edge of the tumor, thereby achieving relative fixation of the position between the ablation needle and the tumor.

[0205] Specifically, the cooling method of the freezing module 112 includes one or a combination of phase change cooling, compressed gas cooling, semiconductor cooling, and refrigerant cooling. The cooling temperature of the freezing module 112 is less than 0°C. The freezing module 112 cools the cryoablation needle. The freezing module 112 can freeze the cryoablation needle at a temperature less than 0°C. Multiple freezing methods can be suitable for different ablation scenarios.

[0206] Specifically, the electrical ablation module 121 includes one or a combination of an electrochemical generator, an electrical pulse generator, a pulse electrolysis generator, a tumor treatment electric field generator, an alternating electric field generator, a radiofrequency generator, a microwave generator, and an electrochemotherapy generator. The radiofrequency generator is provided with a positive ablation needle and a negative ablation needle; the microwave generator is provided with only one ablation needle with an electrode; the radiofrequency generator and the microwave generator emit an electromagnetic field that acts on the tumor cell membrane, interfering with the potential difference on both sides of the membrane, thereby affecting the membrane's permeability to particles and inducing a biological effect. The electrochemotherapy generator is an electrical pulse generator that performs pulse ablation, opens cancer cells, and then delivers chemotherapy drugs to the target tissue 240 for electrochemotherapy ablation. During actual surgery, when the target tissue 240 is subjected to electrical ablation, the electrical ablation module 121 can be used alone or in combination to ablate the target tissue 240 using multiple treatment methods in one operation, which is beneficial for tumor ablation.

[0207] Furthermore, the ablation system 100 also includes an ECG R-wave synchronization module, which is connected to the control module 150. The ECG R-wave synchronization module collects the patient's ECG and calculates the R-wave cycle through ECG electrodes, and controls the electrical ablation energy of the electrical ablation module 121 to be applied only during the R-wave refractory period. During surgery, especially for tumor ablation near the heart, regardless of the amount of electricity in the electrical ablation module 121, it will have an impact on the heart. In particular, electrical pulse ablation outputs extremely high current for an extremely long time, and thus generates a very high voltage. During the relative refractory period (RRP), the human body 250 will still have a significant reaction to this intensity of electrical stimulation. Therefore, electrical pulse ablation requires high-intensity pulses during the myocardial refractory period to avoid the stress response of the human body 250 after being subjected to high voltage. In addition, during the period other than the absolute refractory period, one or a combination of an electrochemical generator, a tumor treatment electric field generator, and an alternating electric field generator can be used in conjunction; high voltage and high current can also be used for electrochemical ablation during the cardiac R wave refractory period. Electrochemical ablation uses direct current, so that the electroablation module 121 can continuously electroablate the target tissue 240 in different ways, making full use of the entire electroablation period. Within the same ablation time, the target tissue 240 cells can be electroporated and electrochemically ablated in a short time, thereby improving the electroablation efficiency and reducing the ablation time.

[0208] As shown in Figures 6 and 7, the present application also provides an ablation needle, including a needle rod 10, at least one electrode 11 and a connecting wire. The electrode 11 is connected to the electric ablation module 121 through the connecting wire. The electrode 11 is arranged on the needle rod 10, and the connecting wire is connected to the electrode. The non-electrode area of ​​the needle rod 10 is provided with an electrical insulation layer 12. After the freezing zone 200 is formed, it is ensured that at least one electrode 11 is partially located in the shallow freezing zone 210, so that the shallow freezing zone 210 after the freezing zone 200 is formed can always be electrically ablated. When the freezing zone 200 is at its largest, the tumor cells in the shallow freezing zone 210 can be ablated to avoid the survival of tumor cells in the outer circle.

[0209] Specifically, the material of the electrical insulation layer 12 is a biocompatible electrical insulation material, which can be a coating or film layer of insulating rubber or insulating plastic, specifically a coating or film layer of parylene, Teflon or polyimide (PI). The needle rod 10 is connected to the freezing module 112 through a temperature medium delivery pipe, and the temperature medium delivery pipe transports refrigerant or heat medium.

[0210] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 8, the needle rod 10 and the connecting line are flexible as a whole. When the needle rod 10 is a hard rod, its end is a pointed head. When the needle rod 10 is flexible as a whole, the end of the end is a round head. The needle rod 10 is flexible and is connected to a flexible refrigerant input pipe, that is, a temperature medium delivery pipe. The temperature medium delivery pipe transports refrigerant or heat medium. The non-electrode area of ​​the needle rod 10 is provided with an electrical insulation layer 12. Specifically, the temperature medium delivery pipe is connected to the needle rod 10 and the freezing module 112. For tumors near the lumen, the flexible needle rod 10 is guided to the tumor. The needle rod 10 is brought close to the tumor and cools the tumor, forming a frozen zone 200. The tumor close to the needle rod 10 forms a part of a deep frozen zone 220, and the rest is a shallow frozen zone 210. The shallow frozen zone 210 is electrically ablated by the electrode 11. The flexible needle rod 10 is provided with a puncture head and inserted into the tumor. The flexible needle rod 10 then cools the tumor to form a frozen zone 200. The electrode 11 located in the shallow frozen zone 210 is electrically ablated on the tumor, with the outer circle of the tumor being preferentially ablated for a more thorough ablation.

[0211] As shown in Figure 17, when the needle rod 10 is flexible as a whole, the end of its end is a pointed tip, and the tip of the needle rod 10 is connected to the puncture head 17. The needle rod 10 is provided with a flexible sheath 18 on the outside, and the flexible sheath is made of insulating material. The needle rod 10 can be operated to drive the puncture head to extend or retract the flexible sheath 18. A snake tube 19 is located at the end of the flexible sheath 18. The two ends of the snake tube 19 are fixedly connected to the flexible sheath 18 through a first fixing ring 191 and a second fixing ring 192 respectively. The first fixing ring 191 is away from the end of the flexible sheath 18, and the second fixing ring 192 is close to the end of the flexible sheath 18. The driving wire 193 passes through the first fixing ring 191 and is fixedly connected to the second fixing ring 192. The driving wire 193 is located between the snake tube 19 and the flexible sheath 18. The driving wire 193 can be set to four evenly distributed around the snake tube 19. When ablating a tumor in the cavity, the driving wire 193 pulls the snake tube 19, causing the snake tube to rotate in the direction of the driving wire 193, thereby turning the end of the flexible sheath, guiding the needle rod and the puncture head to the target area through the flexible sheath, and then pushing the needle rod forward to insert the puncture head into the target tissue 240. After the ablation is completed, the puncture head is retracted into the flexible sheath. The flexible sheath protects the puncture head, allowing the flexible needle rod to carry the puncture head into the cavity.

[0212] Furthermore, as shown in FIG6 , the electrical insulating layer 12 can be slidably arranged on the needle shaft 10, and the electrode 11 is arranged outside the electrical insulating layer 12. By adjusting the position of the electrical insulating layer 12 on the needle shaft 10, the effective area of ​​the electrode 11 is adjusted so that the electrode 11 is located in the shallow frozen area 210. After the ice ball is formed, the electrode 11 and the electrical ablation needle form a conductive path in the shallow frozen area 210. The electrical ablation module 121 first performs electrical ablation on the shallow frozen area 210. After the shallow frozen area 210 is ablated, the deep frozen area 220 is ablated. During ablation, as the target tissue 240 thaws and the ice ball thaws and becomes smaller, the electrode 11 on the electrical insulating layer 12 is adjusted by sliding the electrical insulating layer so that the electrode 11 on the electrical insulating layer and the extension 15 is always located in the shallow frozen area 210, avoiding the electrode being exposed outside the ice ball, so that electrical ablation always occurs in the shallow frozen area 210. By adjusting the position of the electrical insulating layer 12, it is convenient to adjust the position of the electrode 11, so that the electrode 11 can be accurately controlled within the range of the shallow frozen area 210, ensuring a better electrical ablation effect within the shallow frozen area 210.

[0213] Similarly, the electrical insulating layer 12 can be slidably arranged on the needle rod 10, and the electrode 11 is arranged on the needle rod 10. By adjusting the position of the electrical insulating layer 12 on the needle rod 10, the exposed area of ​​the electrode 11 can be adjusted by the electrical insulating layer 12.

[0214] Specifically, the semi-major axis range of the ice ball formed by freezing the ablation needle is defined as A, the semi-major axis range of the -21°C isotherm in the ice ball formed by freezing the ablation needle is defined as B, and the end of the electrical insulation layer 12 is located in the range between range A and range B on the needle rod 10; a thermal insulation vacuum sleeve is provided inside the needle rod 10, and the distance between the end of the vacuum sleeve inside the needle rod 10 and the end of the needle rod 10 is set to X, and the distance range between the electrical insulation layer 12 and the end of the needle rod 10 is set to be between (X+5) and (X+15) cm.

[0215] The distance between the vacuum sleeve and the end of the needle rod 10 ranges from 10 to 40 cm. In this embodiment, the distance between the vacuum sleeve and the end of the needle rod 10 is set to 22 cm, and the distance between the edge of the electrical insulation layer and the end of the needle rod 10 is 27 to 37 cm.

[0216] Furthermore, the electrical insulating layer 12 is slidably arranged on the needle rod 10. When the temperature range of the ice ball formed by the freezing module 112 is below -21°C and covers the electrical insulating layer 12, when the outer edge of the ice ball needs to be electrically ablated, the position of the electrical insulating layer 12 needs to be adjusted. The ice ball can be thawed, the position of the electrical insulating layer 12 on the needle rod 10 can be adjusted, and then it can be frozen again, avoiding the operation steps of removing and replacing the needle, and the operation is simple.

[0217] As shown in Figure 11, when processing traditional ablation needles, it is necessary to grind a pit at the tail end of the puncture head so that the coke soup tube is as close as possible to the tip of the ablation needle to ensure that the tip of the ablation needle is wrapped in the deep freezing area 220. As a result, the welding process between the puncture head and the needle rod is easily affected by the pit, resulting in incomplete welding seal, and the puncture head is prone to leakage during the grinding process of the needle tip; or the puncture head is welded by a layer of metal sheet wrapped around the end of the needle rod, which is also prone to poor welding seal; when the puncture head is made of platinum or platinum-iridium alloy, it is difficult to process when grinding the pit.

[0218] In order to arrange the conductive area of ​​the needle rod 10 in the deep-frozen area 220, the traditional ablation needle will completely cover the thermal insulation layer with an electrical insulation layer. After the frozen area 200 is thawed, the electrical ablation product will diffuse from the center to the outside, and the outer circle of the target tissue 240 will be large. Moreover, the range of the frozen area 200 will become smaller after thawing. The electrical ablation product will diffuse to the outer circle of the target tissue 240, resulting in insufficient dose, resulting in incomplete ablation of the outer circle of the target tissue 240 and easy recurrence of the tumor. Moreover, after the ice ball of the traditional ablation needle is fully formed, the distance between the needle tip and the edge of the ice ball is about 1mc. During the needle insertion process, it is difficult for the doctor to judge the insertion depth of the traditional ablation needle through image observation, and it is difficult to determine whether the ice ball formed after the traditional ablation needle is inserted into the target tissue 240 can better wrap the target tissue 240.

[0219] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 12, the ablation needle is connected to the freezing module 112, so that the needle rod 10 has a freezing function, and the tip of the needle rod is extended with a closed extension part 15, and the extension part 15 is provided with an electrode 11, and the electrode 11 on the extension part 15 is always partially located in the shallow freezing area 210; the extension part 15 is provided with an electrolytic corrosion-resistant isolation part 151 at least at one end close to the freezing chamber of the needle rod 10, and the isolation part 151 isolates the needle rod 10 from the extension part 15.

[0220] The insulating portion 151 blocks the freezing chamber of the needle shaft 10 so that the refrigerant cannot reach the interior of the extension portion 15. The extension portion 15 has a solid or hollow structure, as shown in the partial enlarged views of the extension portion in Figures 13a and 13b. The low-temperature energy in the freezing chamber can be conducted to the tip through the insulating portion 151 and the extension portion 15. Since the diffusion of cold energy is attenuated until it reaches equilibrium with body temperature, the extension portion 15 is provided so that the tip of the extension portion 15 is always close to the edge of the ice ball, that is, the electrode on the extension portion 15 is always partially located in the shallow freezing zone 210 regardless of the size of the ice ball. During the entire freezing process, electrical ablation can be performed through the electrodes on the extension portion 15. After the ice ball is fully formed, the shallow freezing zone 210 with the largest range can be electrically ablated, and the outer circle of the tumor can be more effectively ablated. The material of the insulating portion 151 can be platinum or platinum-iridium alloy. When the extension portion 15 undergoes an electrochemical ablation reaction, the insulating portion 151 will not be electrolyzed, thereby protecting the needle shaft 10 and preventing air leakage in the needle shaft 10 during the electrochemical reaction.

[0221] Furthermore, at least two electrodes 11 connected to the electric ablation module 121, insulated from each other and with opposite polarities are provided on the ablation needle. One of the electrodes is located in a shallow frozen area or a deep frozen area that can be converted into a shallow frozen area, and the other electrode is located in a frozen area or in human tissue or in electrical contact with human tissue. Specifically, one of the electrodes 11 is provided on the extension portion 15 and is located in the shallow frozen area 210, and the other electrode is provided at the rear of the needle rod. The electrodes other than those on the needle rod 10 are located in the deep frozen area 220. A conductive channel 230 is formed by thawing the frozen area 200 around the needle rod 10 to the temperature of the shallow frozen area 210, so that the electrode at the deep frozen area 220 of the needle rod is connected to the shallow frozen area 210 through the conductive channel 230, and the shallow frozen area 210 is electrically ablated. The ablation needle is connected to the freezing module through a connecting tube, so that the needle rod or the balloon has a freezing function. The needle rod 10 is also provided with a first insulation layer 13. Specifically, the first insulation layer 13 is a vacuum insulation tube. The first insulation layer 13 can be provided inside the needle rod 10. The first insulation layer 13 can also be provided between the electrical insulation layer 12 and the needle rod 10. The edge of the first insulation layer 13 protrudes from the electrical insulation layer 12, so that the frozen electrode part is exposed to the shallow freezing area 210, so that the electrode is conductive. The distance D1 between the edge layer 12 and the end of the needle rod 10 is greater than the distance D2 between the first thermal insulation layer 13 and the end of the needle rod 10. The freezing zone 200 and the electrode 11 of the needle rod 10 are located at its front end. The electrode 11 covers the freezing zone 200 of the needle rod 10 and is partially located in the shallow freezing zone 210. Since the trailing edge of the ice ball conducts heat through the needle rod, the freezing force is small, resulting in freezing tailing. The difference between the edge of the thermal insulation layer protruding from the edge of the electrical insulation layer (the difference between D1 and D2) is in the range of 1 to 10 mm.

[0222] The electrical insulation layer of a traditional ablation needle will cover the thermal insulation layer. The tip length of the needle rod of a traditional ablation needle is 4-6 mm, resulting in all the electrodes on the ablation needle being in the deep freezing zone 220. When the freezing module 112 is freezing, the outer circle of the target tissue 240 cannot be electrically ablated, nor can the outer circle of the target tissue 240 be cryoablated by freezing. Only when the target tissue 240 is thawed can electrical ablation be performed. The range of the freezing zone 200 after thawing will also become smaller, resulting in incomplete ablation of the outer circle of the target tissue 240 and easy recurrence of the tumor.

[0223] The tip of the needle rod is extended to form an extension part, that is, the puncture head is extended as a whole on the basis of the previous one, so that the tip of the needle rod is easier to grind, and the tip of the needle rod is avoided from being worn out during the grinding process. There is no need to grind a pit at the tail end of the puncture head, and the tip of the puncture head can also be ground to avoid the connection with the needle rod, which reduces the processing difficulty of the puncture head. At the same time, the puncture head and the needle rod can be welded to avoid its tip, which reduces the welding difficulty; the electrode of the extended part of the needle rod tip can be made of platinum iridium or platinum iridium coating. Specifically, the length of the transmission needle rod tip is 4-6mm, and the length of the extension part is 3-15mm extended on the basis of the traditional needle rod tip; and during the needle insertion process, the doctor can directly insert the tip of the extension part 15 to the edge of the tumor. After the ice ball is formed, it can completely wrap the tumor, making it easier for the doctor to judge the range of the ice ball acting on the tumor during the needle insertion process.

[0224] As shown in FIG12 , in the present application, the edge of the heat-insulating layer on the needle rod protrudes from the edge of the electrical insulating layer by a difference of 1 to 10 mm, and the tip of the needle rod is integrally formed with a 3-10 mm extension portion on the basis of the traditional needle rod tip, so that the electrodes at both ends of the needle rod can be within the shallow freezing zone 210. Moreover, due to the characteristics of ice ball forming, the tip of the needle rod is always close to the edge of the ice ball, so that the electrode on the extension portion can always be within the shallow freezing zone 210. While the freezing module 112 is freezing, the edge of the ice ball after forming can be determined by the tip of the extension portion, thereby determining the freezing zone 200 range of the ice ball for the tumor. The electroablation module 121 performs electroablation on the shallow freezing zone 210, so that the electroablation The product can act on the maximum range of the shallow freezing zone 210, and can completely electrically ablate the outer circle of the target tissue 240. The puncture head of the ablation needle can act as an anode to participate in electrochemistry. The electrochemical corrosion of the puncture head does not affect the sealing of the needle shaft of the electric-cold ablation needle. The electric-cold needle 131 can use a single one for freezing and electrochemical ablation, replacing the use of a separate freezing ablation needle and a separate electric ablation needle. It reduces the number of needles inserted in the tumor and reduces the difficulty of the doctor in the needle insertion process. Moreover, when processing the electric-cold ablation needle, the diameter of the puncture head can be set to be larger than the diameter of the needle shaft, so that the needle shaft covered with the insulating coating has the same diameter as the puncture head, thereby avoiding the setback caused by surface steps during the puncture of the ablation needle.

[0225] The electrical insulating layer 12 can also cover the extension part 15. During use, the extension part 15 is used as an electrode to concentrate the electrochemical products at the tip of the needle rod. At the same time, the material of the extension part 15 can be stainless steel as the cathode, which reduces the processing difficulty and cost and avoids electrochemical corrosion of the needle rod and air leakage. The material of the needle rod 10 and the extension part 15 can also be platinum or platinum-iridium alloy, and the electrode 11 can be energized at all times to avoid corrosion of the needle rod 10 and the extension part 15.

[0226] The electrical insulating layer 12 is slidably arranged on the needle rod 10, and the electrode 11 can be arranged outside the electrical insulating layer 12, or can be arranged as a section on the needle rod 10. By adjusting the position of the electrical insulating layer 12 on the needle rod 10, the effective area of ​​the electrode 11 can be adjusted. As the ice ball thaws and gradually becomes smaller, the electrode 11 on the electrical insulating layer 12 is adjusted by sliding the electrical insulating layer, so that the electrical insulating layer 12 and the electrode 11 on the extension part 15 are always located in the shallow frozen area 210, avoiding the electrode being exposed outside the ice ball, so that electrical ablation always occurs in the shallow frozen area 210.

[0227] Specifically, the electrode 11 is located in the freezing zone 200 of the freezing module 112. Before electrical ablation, the target tissue 240 is frozen by the freezing module 112, so that the electrical ablation module 121 can be inside the ice ball formed by the freezing module 112 during electrical ablation. The difference between the edge of the thermal insulation layer and the edge of the electrical insulation layer is between 1 and 10 mm, so that part of the electrode 11 is located within the shallow freezing zone 210. The ice ball within this interval has a conductive effect, and the impedance within this range is smaller than the impedance outside the ice ball and the deep freezing zone 220. The effect of electrical ablation in the shallow freezing zone 210 is better, and it will completely act on the target tissue 240, and the range of electrical ablation is more precise.

[0228] Furthermore, a temperature detection unit is provided at the tip and / or inside of the needle rod 10. The temperature detection unit may be a thermocouple. The temperature detection unit is provided at the tip position inside or outside the needle rod 10. The temperature detection unit can measure the temperature of the target tissue 240 at the ablation needle position, and control the freezing range and freezing temperature of the freezing module 112 according to the measured temperature, so that the temperature of the area around the cryoablation needle inside the deep freezing zone 220 is maintained between -21°C and 0°C, that is, the area around the cryoablation needle in the deep freezing zone 220 is converted into a shallow freezing zone 210, and then the temperature control electrode of the cryoablation needle can be continuously within the shallow freezing zone 210 and connected to the outside of the ice ball, so as to facilitate electrical ablation of the outside of the target tissue 240.

[0229] Since the current ablation needles are made of stainless steel, the definition of stainless steel is steel with stainless and corrosion-resistant as its main characteristics, and a chromium content of at least 10.5% and a carbon content of no more than 1.2%. When the stainless steel ablation needle is energized for electroablation, the stainless steel will undergo electrolysis, and the chromium in the stainless steel will also be electrolyzed. The normal human body contains 6 to 7 mg of chromium in 250°C, which is mainly found in bones, skin, and fat tissues. After the stainless steel ablation needle is electrolyzed, the chromium content in the human body will exceed the standard, and hexavalent chromium may also be produced by electrolysis. Hexavalent chromium is a toxic substance that will affect the human body.

[0230] As shown in FIG7 , a through tube 14 is provided inside the needle rod 10. One end of the through tube 14 is inserted into the needle rod 10 and is sealed and fixedly connected to the inner wall of the needle rod 10 located in the electrode area. A porous structure is provided at the position of the needle rod 10 corresponding to the through tube 14 to discharge the gas of the electrochemical reaction. The holes on the needle rod 10 can be circular holes, triangular holes, long holes, etc. The other end of the through tube 14 is located outside the body. Furthermore, an air pump is connected to the external end of the through tube 14. An air pump, a liquid pump, a vacuum pump, a syringe, or an infusion pump can be selected. When electric ablation is performed in the cavity, gas will be generated due to electric ablation, and the gas will be concentrated in the cavity to form Air embolism can pose a fatal risk to the human body 250. During electrical ablation, the gas in the tube 14 is extracted through a vacuum pump to form a negative pressure in the tube 14. The gas in the cavity is sucked into the tube 14, and the gas generated by electrolysis is discharged from the body through the tube 14, avoiding the accumulation of gas inside the human body 250 and reducing the chance of air embolism. During the ablation process, drugs such as chemotherapy drugs, biological drugs, and immune preparations can also be injected into the target tissue 240 through the tube 14. The drugs can be charged and processed. After the drugs are injected, they will diffuse toward the electrode and then cover the target tissue 240, which is beneficial to the ablation of the tumor.

[0231] In this embodiment, the through tube 14 can also be set outside the needle rod 10, and a groove is opened on the outer wall of the needle rod 10, and the through tube 14 is set in the groove. After the through tube 14 is placed in the groove, it is connected by welding, and the end of the through tube 14 is provided with a porous structure.

[0232] When performing intracavitary tumor ablation, such as hemangioma, tracheal tumor, lung cancer, etc., a simple rigid electric ablation needle cannot directly reach the target area due to the tortuous route in the cavity. It can be set as a flexible needle rod 10. Through the flexible needle rod 10 and the temperature medium delivery tube, it can be bent and moved in the cavity and accurately deliver energy to the target tissue 240. The needle rod 10 is attached to the outside of the target tissue 240, and then the refrigerant is delivered to the end of the needle rod 10 through the temperature medium delivery tube to reduce the temperature of the electric ablation needle to below 0°C. The electric ablation needle and the outside of the target tissue 240 are adhered together. Since the tumor in the cavity generally adheres to the cavity wall to form, in order to avoid freezing necrosis of the cavity wall tissue, the electric cold ablation needle can only freeze a part of the target tissue 240 to below -21°C, and the target tissue 240 near the cavity wall is frozen to between -21°C and 0°C, and then the electric ablation needle is used for electric ablation. The electrochemical product is diffused in the freezing zone 200. As the ice ball grows, the electrochemical product diffuses rapidly in the ice ball, thereby achieving complete ablation of the entire target tissue 240. Alternatively, the needle rod 10 carries a laser knife to the target tissue 240, and the laser is used to cut the edge of the target tissue 240 to achieve resection of the target tissue 240. Of course, it is more preferred that the needle rod 10 also carries an endoscope, which provides a field of view for the needle rod 10, facilitates the insertion of the needle rod 10 and the cutting of the laser knife, and brings the adhered target tissue 240 out of the body when the electroablation needle is withdrawn.

[0233] The electrochemical products of the electrode of the ablation needle have the property of causing cell ferroptosis, and the electrochemical corrosion products of the electrode have beneficial properties for ablation: specifically, they are one of iron or iron-magnesium alloy materials or a combination thereof. After the needle rod 10 and the needle rod 10 are energized, the needle rod 10 and the needle rod 10 material participate in the electrochemical reaction, and the electrode at the tip of the needle rod 10 is set as the anode. The material is iron, iron alloy, or iron-magnesium alloy. The anode can be sacrificed in electrochemical ablation. In addition to acid-base products, the electrochemical products also include divalent iron ions that diffuse into tissues and cells to kill cancer cells. The electrolysis products will contain iron ions and magnesium ions. Under the action of divalent iron or esteroxygenase, they catalyze the highly expressed unsaturated fatty acids on the cell membrane and cause lipid peroxidation, thereby inducing cell ferroptosis and causing the death of tumor cells. In addition, iron ions and magnesium ions are essential elements for the human body 250 and will eventually be absorbed by the human body 250 without affecting the human body 250. When electroablation is combined with freezing, the diffusion of iron ions is concentrated in the shallow frozen area 210, so that the ablation effect of the shallow frozen area 210 with the largest range of the ice ball is better.

[0234] Preferably, the ablation needle is connected to the electrical ablation module 121, and the electrode serves as the anode or the electrode with high potential. The electrode material is the needle rod itself or the outer wall material or the cladding or its coating. The material of the electrode material is:

[0235] The outer wall material or cladding or coating material of the insulating protective electrode is a material provided on the needle rod for consumption in the electrochemical reaction, and the purpose of protecting the needle rod is achieved by consuming the cladding of the protective needle rod.

[0236] Having anti-electrochemical corrosion properties: specifically, one of platinum, platinum group alloys, graphite, graphene, carbon fiber materials or a combination thereof. After the needle rod 10 and the needle rod 10 are energized, the material of the needle rod 10 and the needle rod 10 does not participate in the electrochemical reaction, so that the needle rod 10 and the needle rod 10 will not be electrochemically corroded;

[0237] Or, its electrochemical corrosion product has harmless characteristics: specifically, it is one of titanium alloy, magnesium alloy, zinc alloy materials or a combination thereof, and binary Fe-Zn alloy can be selected. After the needle rod 10 and the needle rod 10 are energized, the needle rod 10 and the needle rod 10 material participate in the electrochemical reaction, and the electrolysis product can be absorbed by the human body 250 and will not cause harm to the human body 250. Specifically, it is an iron alloy that does not contain chromium, because chromium will be electrochemically decomposed and excessive absorption by the human body 250 will cause harm to the human body 250;

[0238] The electrochemical corrosion products are materials with properties that are beneficial to ablation: specifically iron or iron alloys, which cause ferroptosis of cells.

[0239] As shown in FIG15 , an ablation needle includes a needle rod 10, a balloon 16, at least one electrode 11 and a connecting line. The needle rod 10 is provided with a balloon 16, and the balloon 16 is connected to the end of the rigid or flexible needle rod 10. The balloon is a prior art, and how to freeze and inflate it is not described here. The electrode 11 is connected to the electric ablation module 121 through a connecting line, and the electrode 11 is set on the balloon 16. The non-electrode area of ​​the balloon 16 is provided with an electrical insulating layer. At least one electrode 11 is partially arranged within the shallow freezing area 210. There are multiple electrodes 11. In this embodiment, there are four electrodes 11. The electrodes 11 are arranged along the axis of the needle rod 10 so that the electrodes 11 can be connected to the needle rod 10. The overlapping area of ​​the freezing zone 200 is larger, and the range of electrochemical products is wider during the electrochemical ablation process. A protective layer is provided on the balloon, which can be polyamide or polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE). The flexible needle rod 10 is inserted into the cavity (such as a blood vessel), and the balloon 16 props up the tumor in the blood vessel. The electrode 11 is pulsed with electricity to cause the tumor cells to undergo irreversible electroporation, and the cell walls of the tumor cells are opened. The balloon 16 can use a freezing balloon, and the balloon freezes the target tissue 240 to form a freezing zone 200. The electric ablation module 121 performs electrochemical ablation through the electrode 11. The electrochemical products can directly pass through the cell wall to disinfect the tumor cells, making the tumor ablation more thorough.

[0240] Furthermore, as shown in FIG16 , a puncture head 17 may be provided at the tip of the needle rod 10 , and an electrode may also be provided on the puncture head 17 ;

[0241] Furthermore, the ablation needle further comprises a flexible sheath 18, which is sleeved on the outside of the needle shaft. The needle shaft is flexible and can be operated to drive the puncture head to extend or retract the flexible sheath;

[0242] The snake tube 19 is arranged at the inner end of the flexible sheath tube, and the two ends of the snake tube are fixedly connected to the flexible sheath tube through a first fixing ring 191 and a second fixing ring 192 respectively;

[0243] A driving wire 193 passes through the first fixing ring and is fixedly connected to the second fixing ring. The driving wire is located between the snake tube and the flexible sheath tube.

[0244] During the process of cavity tumor ablation, the needle rod 10 is guided to the tumor through the flexible sheath and the snake tube, and the needle rod 10 is inserted into the tumor through the puncture head 17. Then the balloon 16 is inflated, and the balloon 16 freezes the tumor to form a shallow frozen area 210. Finally, the electrodes on the balloon 16 and the puncture head 17 are energized to perform electrical ablation. The puncture head 17 can not only improve the fixation strength between the needle rod 10 and the tumor, but also produce electrolysis products to perform electrochemical ablation inside the tumor, which can further improve the ablation effect of the tumor in the cavity.

[0245] Optionally, as shown in Figures 18 and 19, the needle rod 10 has a freezing zone and is provided with at least two first electrodes 21 and second electrodes 22 with opposite polarities. The shallow freezing zone 210 includes a first shallow freezing zone 52 located at the proximal end 54 of the freezing zone 200 and a second shallow freezing zone 53 located at the distal end 55 of the freezing zone 200. The first electrode 21 is axially arranged in the first shallow freezing zone 52, and the second electrode 22 is axially arranged at the needle tip of the second shallow freezing zone 52.

[0246] The first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 are respectively connected to two output terminals of the electrical ablation module 121 with opposite polarities, and the polarities and electrical ablation parameters of the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 are configured by the electrical ablation module;

[0247] The area between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 and the non-electrode area of ​​the needle rod 10 are both provided with an electrical insulation layer 12, and the insulation strength of the electrical insulation layer is not lower than the power supply voltage of the electro-cold ablation device and the highest voltage generated from the electro-ablation module; this is because when the power supply voltage of the electro-cold ablation device or the voltage output from the electro-ablation module is higher than the insulation strength of the electrical insulation layer provided between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 and the non-electrode area of ​​the needle rod 10, insufficient insulation will occur during use, resulting in a large current flowing into the human body, causing a serious risk of electric shock. Therefore, the insulation strength of the electrical insulation layer must be greater than or equal to the voltage output by the electro-ablation module itself and the power supply voltage.

[0248] Optionally, the axial length of the electrode is as equal as possible to the length of the axial region of the shallow freezing zone in which it is located.

[0249] Optionally, the needle rod 10 may be preferably made of a conductive material to form an electrical connection between the first electrode 21 or the second electrode 22 and the electrical ablation module 121 .

[0250] Optionally, the needle shaft 10 has a bare portion serving as an electrode.

[0251] Optionally, the needle rod 10 is a hard needle rod or a bendable flexible needle rod.

[0252] Optionally, as shown in Figure 18, the ablation needle also includes a needle handle 20, a connecting tube 30 and a connecting head 40, one end of the needle rod 10 is fixedly connected to the needle handle 20, and the connecting head 40 is connected to the lower end of the needle handle 20 through the connecting tube 30.

[0253] Optionally, as shown in FIG19 , a second insulation layer 28 is provided between the needle tip 23 of the ablation needle and the rest of the needle shaft 10. The second insulation layer 28 is made of vacuum, plastic, or other insulating materials to protect the at least one second electrode 22 on the needle tip from being in the shallow freezing zone 210 and conducting electricity. A needle shaft insulation layer 27 is provided on the exterior of the needle shaft outer wall 26 of the needle shaft 10. The insulation layer 27 is made of vacuum, plastic, or other insulating materials to ensure that normal tissue is not damaged during freezing. An electrical insulating layer 12 is provided on the exterior of the needle shaft insulation layer 27. Under the control of the freezing module 112 , a refrigerant is delivered to the target area 240 through the refrigerant pipe 24 for freezing, forming a deep freezing zone 220 and a shallow freezing zone 210. The polarity and electrical ablation parameters of the first and second electrodes 21 and 22 are set under the control of the electrochemical module 121. A set current is delivered to the target area 240 through the electrode connection 25 (e.g., enameled wire, metal-plated plastic, etc.) to perform electrical ablation, so that the second electrode 22 is in the shallow freezing zone.

[0254] Optionally, as shown in Figure 20, the interior of the needle rod 10 is a hollow tube, the needle tip 23 has a liquid outlet 32 ​​for outputting refrigerant or medicine, and the end of the needle rod away from the needle tip 23 is provided with an injection port 31, and the medicine can be injected from the injection port 31, and the refrigerant 33 or medicine can be output from the liquid outlet 32; the electric ablation module 121 is configured to adjust and configure the polarity and ablation parameters of the ablation needle electrode according to the polarity of the drug molecules, so as to increase the penetration speed and range of the drug molecules between the electrodes and in the target tissue.

[0255] Optionally, as shown in Figure 21, a needle handle 20 is provided at one end of the needle rod 10; the ablation needle also includes an outer needle rod 36, which is detachably sealed and sleeved on the outside of the needle rod 10 of the ablation needle, and the outer needle rod 36 is connected to the needle handle 20 and electrically connected to the electric ablation module 121; the first shallow freezing zone 52 located at the proximal end of the freezing zone of the outer needle rod 36 is provided with a first electrode 21, and the second shallow freezing zone 53 located at the distal end of the freezing zone is provided with a second electrode 22 at the needle tip; the ablation needle is a cryoablation needle, an electric ablation needle or an electric cold ablation needle, and the ablation needle and the needle handle 20 are a whole and can be used repeatedly; there is good heat conduction and electrical conduction between the outer needle rod 36 and the ablation needle, and the first electrode 21 on the outer needle rod 36 and the needle handle 20 of the ablation needle are electrically connected through the contact spring 35.

[0256] Optionally, the first electrode 21 is an annular corrosion-resistant metal (such as a platinum-iridium ring) or a plated electrode thereof (such as platinum-plated), and can be electrically connected to the electrode connection 25 by welding, conductive glue, enameled wire winding, printed circuit, etc. The electrode connection 25 can be an enameled wire, a printed circuit, a metal plating, a metal sleeve, etc.; the annular metal electrode 21 and the outer needle rod 36 of the outer needle rod 36 are sealed with a biocompatible sealing glue 37 to facilitate puncture, prevent corrosion and body fluid infiltration; the second electrode 22 is the exposed metal needle tip 23 of the outer needle rod 36, and the needle tip 23 is covered with corrosion-resistant metal or its conductive coating, and is electrically connected to the electric ablation module 121 through the outer wall of the outer needle rod 36.

[0257] Optionally, as shown in Figures 22 and 23, the ablation needle further includes an outer sleeve 41, which is detachably sleeved on the needle shaft 10 of the ablation needle and can slide axially along the needle shaft 10. One end of the outer sleeve is connected to the needle handle 20 of the ablation needle. The outer sleeve includes a rod-shaped portion 48, on which the first electrode 21 is provided, and a second electrode 22 is provided at the needle tip 23 of the ablation needle.

[0258] The outer sleeve is provided with a slider 38 and a groove 39, and the groove 39 is configured to position the first electrode 21; the slider 38 is fixedly connected to the rod-shaped portion 48, and the slider 38 is configured to drive the rod-shaped portion 48 to slide axially along the needle rod 10, thereby driving the first electrode 21 to move accordingly, so as to change the spacing and impedance between the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22, thereby making the first electrode 21 and the second electrode 22 both located in the shallow freezing area 210.

[0259] Optionally, the outer sleeve 41 is an insulating tube, and the length of the freezing zone 200 and the shallow freezing zone 210 can be adjusted by sliding the outer sleeve 41. The first electrode 21 is arranged at the distal end 56 of the insulating tube so that the first electrode 21 is always located in the shallow freezing zone 210 of the freezing zone 200.

[0260] Optionally, as shown in Figure 23, the first electrode 22 contacts and slides with the spring rail 47 on the outer sleeve 41 through the spring 46 on the rod-shaped portion 48, and then contacts the needle handle spring 45; when the outer sleeve 41 and the ablation needle are twisted and connected, the electrical connection between the two is achieved.

[0261] Optionally, as shown in FIG23 , an outer sliding sleeve 43 is further provided on the outer sleeve 41 , and an outer sliding sleeve insulating layer 44 is further provided between the outer sliding sleeve 43 and the first electrode 21 , and on the first electrode 21 .

[0262] Optionally, as shown in Figure 23, the outer sleeve 41 can also be provided with an insulation function, that is, the rod-shaped portion 48 is a vacuum insulation wall, and sliding the outer sleeve 41 can control the length and size of the freezing zone 200 and the shallow freezing zone 210. The first electrode 21 is provided at the distal end 56 of the rod-shaped portion 48 of the outer sleeve 41, so that the first electrode 21 is always located in the shallow freezing zone 210 of the freezing zone.

[0263] As shown in FIG10 , the present application further provides an ablation control method combining cryoablation and electrical ablation, which is characterized in that it is applied to the above-mentioned ablation system 100 , and the ablation control method is as follows:

[0264] S100: inserting an ablation needle into the target tissue 240, with at least two electrode portions arranged within the shallow frozen area 210 or at least one electrode portion arranged within the shallow frozen area 210, and at least one electrode with opposite polarity arranged in or in electrical contact with the human body 250 tissue;

[0265] Preferably, a conductive liquid that is biocompatible, harmless to the tissue, and / or beneficial to ablation is injected into the target tissue 240 before the ablation needle is inserted into the target tissue 240. The conductive liquid can be a highly concentrated saline solution or a liquid containing iron ions. Before the ablation needle is inserted, the conductive liquid is injected into the target tissue 240 through the passage or injection needle on the ablation needle, and then cryoablation and electrical ablation are performed.

[0266] In conventional ablation therapy, saline is injected into the target tissue 240 to isolate the freezing / heating effects and prevent normal tissue from being damaged.

[0267] In this patent, the injection of high-concentration saline lowers the freezing point of the target tissue 240. After the frozen area 200 is fully formed, the shallow frozen area 210 can be expanded, thereby expanding the scope of electrical ablation and improving the electrical conductivity of the shallow frozen area 210.

[0268] Liquid containing iron ions may also be injected. Cryoablation will open the cell walls, and under the action of electrical ablation, the iron ions will be promoted to diffuse in the target tissue 240, thereby promoting ferroptosis of tumor cells.

[0269] S110: The control module 150 sends an impedance monitoring instruction to the impedance measurement and control module 122. The impedance measurement and control module 122 monitors and displays inter-electrode impedance information, and calculates and controls ablation parameters of electrical ablation.

[0270] S120: After receiving the inter-electrode impedance information, the control module plans the electrode distribution and the operator implements the electrode distribution;

[0271] S130: After receiving the inter-electrode impedance information, the control module plans the electrode grouping and the operator implements the electrode grouping;

[0272] The calculation and control of ablation parameters for electrical ablation include:

[0273] Uncontrolled ablation current: The current between each electrode branch is inversely proportional to the impedance;

[0274] Current sharing: equal distribution of current between each electrode branch;

[0275] Distribute current by impedance: the smaller the impedance between the electrode branches, the smaller the current;

[0276] Time-sharing electrical ablation: The cold needle 131 and the ablation needle are divided into groups for electrical ablation, and are performed in sequence at different times;

[0277] S200: Controlling the freezing module 112 or the freezing device to issue a freezing instruction, freezing the target tissue 240 to below 0° C. by using the ablation needle with a freezing function, thereby forming a freezing zone 200;

[0278] The temperature measurement module 111 measures the temperature of the target tissue 240 to obtain a temperature signal. Furthermore, the control module 150 controls the electrical ablation module 121 and the temperature measurement module 111 to work in a time-sharing manner when acting on the ablation needle without interfering with each other.

[0279] The temperature measurement module 111 transmits the temperature value to the control module 150. After receiving the temperature value, the control module 150 controls the working states of the freezing module 112 and the electrical ablation module 121.

[0280] S210: The control module 150 sends a thawing instruction to the freezing module 112. After receiving the thawing instruction, the cryoablation module thaws the frozen area 200 contacted by the cryoablation needle or the electro-cooling ablation needle electrode until the temperature of the shallow frozen area 210 around the needle shaft reaches that of the shallow frozen area 210, so that the shallow frozen area 210 around the needle shaft electrode forms a conductive channel 230.

[0281] S220: After the frozen area 200 contacted by the cryoablation needle is completely thawed, a conductive channel 230 is formed between the electrodes in the region and the shallow frozen area 210 or the electrodes at the outer edge of the frozen area 200. The electroablation module 121 performs electroablation on the shallow frozen area 210 or the outer edge of the frozen area 200 by forming a pathway through the electrodes in the thawed frozen area 200, the electrodes at the outer edge of the frozen area 200, and the conductive channel 230.

[0282] S221: During the process of performing electrical ablation on the outer edge of the frozen zone 200 by the electrical ablation module 121 through the electrodes in the thawed deep frozen zone 220, the electrodes at the outer edge of the shallow frozen zone 210 or the frozen zone 200, and the conductive channel 230, the electrical ablation product is transferred between the conductive channel 230 and the outer edge of the shallow frozen zone 210 or the frozen zone 200;

[0283] After the electroablation products are transferred between the conductive channel 230 and the outer edge of the shallow frozen zone 210 or the frozen zone 200, the control module 150 controls the freezing module 112 to cool down, and the temperature measurement module 111 measures the temperature of the frozen zone 200 to maintain the entire range of the frozen zone 200 and the range of the shallow frozen zone 210;

[0284] S230: After the electrical ablation of the shallow frozen area 210 is completed, the deep frozen area 220 is ablated;

[0285] S240: freezing the target tissue 240, muscle tissue or nerve tissue, using an ablation needle with a freezing function, so that the target tissue is in a deep freezing zone 220 and does not conduct electricity, thereby preventing nerve conduction and muscle contraction and achieving a cryosurgery effect;

[0286] S300: Before freezing, and / or during freezing, and / or after freezing, control the electroablation module 121 or the electroablation device to issue an electroablation instruction, and perform electroablation on the shallow frozen area 210 and then on the deep frozen area 220 through the electroablation electrodes.

[0287] Specifically, the temperature of the freezing zone 200 is below 0° C., and the temperature of the freezing zone 200 after thawing is above -21° C.

[0288] Thawing of deep frozen area 220, including:

[0289] The control module 150 sends a cooling signal to the freezing module 112, and the freezing module 112 directly performs cryoablation on the area;

[0290] Alternatively, the control module 150 sends an electrical ablation signal to the electrical ablation module 121, and the temperature of the region rises to above -21°C, and electrical ablation is performed on the region.

[0291] When performing cryosurgery through the freezing module 112, the ablation needle is inserted into the nerve or muscle. The freezing module 112 uses the freezing function of the ablation needle to freeze the nerve and muscle tissue to the temperature of the deep freezing zone 220, thereby preventing nerve conduction and muscle contraction, blocking the nerve conduction pathway and / or inhibiting tissue activity. If the applied voltage is too large during electrical ablation, such as electric pulse ablation, the ablation needle is set at the nerve or muscle tissue and the temperature is reduced to below -21°C, so that the muscles and nerves temporarily lose their activity and conduction function, which can reduce or eliminate the patient's muscle and tissue contraction and organ damage under electrical ablation stimulation, and is used for analgesic effect.

[0292] In another embodiment, the needle arrangement for electrocold ablation may be an electroablation needle located in the center of the freezing zone 200, as shown in FIG3. After the freezing module 112 freezes the target tissue 240, it is not thawed, and electroablation is performed directly on the shallow frozen zone 210 through the electrocold needle 131 and the electroablation needle. The electrochemical product diffuses in the outer circle of the target tissue 240, preferentially eliminating the cancer cells in the outer circle of the target tissue 240, and the cancer cells in the inner circle of the target tissue 240 are ablated by freezing.

[0293] Optionally, the needle for electro-cold ablation can be an electro-ablation needle located in the center of the frozen zone 200. After the freezing module 112 freezes the target tissue 240, the frozen zone 200 is allowed to thaw naturally. As shown in FIG3 , as the ice ball thaws, the ice ball as a whole will become smaller, and the temperature inside the entire ice ball will gradually rise to between -21°C and 0°C, and then electro-ablation is performed. During cryoablation, the inside of the target tissue 240 is first cryo-ablated, and then the entire inside of the ice ball is electro-ablated after the ice ball thaws.

[0294] Optionally, the electric cold ablation needle can be an electric ablation needle located in the center of the frozen zone 200. After the freezing module 112 freezes the target tissue 240, the frozen zone 200 is actively thawed. As shown in Figure 3, after the deep frozen zone 220 is thawed, the area near the outer circle of the electric cold needle 131 will be thawed to between -21°C and 0°C first, so that a conductive path is formed between the entire electric cold needle 131 and the shallow frozen zone 210 (the outer edge of the ice ball). After thawing, electric ablation is performed. The area of ​​the electric cold needle 131 participating in electrochemistry is expanded, which can further improve the electrochemical ablation effect, and the ablation effect on the shallow frozen zone 210 is better.

[0295] In another embodiment, the needles for electrocold ablation may be electroablation needles located at the edge of the shallow frozen area 210, as shown in FIG4. After the freezing module 112 freezes the target tissue 240, it is not thawed, and electroablation is performed directly on the shallow frozen area 210 through the electrocold needle 131 and the electroablation needle. The electrochemical products diffuse in the outer circle of the target tissue 240, preferentially eliminating the cancer cells in the outer circle of the target tissue 240, and the cancer cells in the inner circle of the target tissue 240 are ablated by freezing.

[0296] Optionally, the needles for electrocold ablation can be electroablation needles located at the edge of the shallow frozen area 210. After the freezing module 112 freezes the target tissue 240, the frozen area 200 is actively thawed. As shown in Figure 4, after the deep frozen area 220 is thawed, the area near the outer circle of the electrocold needle 131 will be thawed to between -21°C and 0°C first, so that a conductive path is formed between the entire electrocold needle 131 and the electrode of the electroablation needle in the shallow frozen area 210. After thawing, electroablation is performed. The area of ​​the electrocold needle 131 participating in electrochemistry is expanded, which can further improve the electrochemical ablation effect and have a better ablation effect on the shallow frozen area 210.

[0297] The following technical effects can be achieved through the above-mentioned ablation control method:

[0298] 1. The target tissue 240 is confined to the frozen zone 200. The ablation needle is located inside the target tissue 240 or in close proximity to the outside of the target tissue 240. The range of electrical ablation is limited to the frozen zone 200, minimizing damage to the outside of the frozen zone 200.

[0299] The electrical ablation module 121 performs electrical ablation through electrodes located within the shallow frozen area 210 , and preferentially performs electrical ablation on the shallow frozen area 210 , so that the electrical ablation products are concentrated and act preferentially in this area.

[0300] 2. During the thawing process of the frozen zone 200, the cryoablation needle begins to heat up, causing the frozen zone 200 near the cryoablation needle to heat up until the temperature of the frozen zone 200 and the outer edge of the frozen zone 200 are both between -21°C and 0°C. The frozen zone 200 at the ablation needle and the outer edge form a conductive channel 230, so that the electrode on the ablation needle is on the conductive channel 230. Electric ablation will preferentially act on the outer edge of the frozen zone 200, and the inside of the target tissue 240 can be ablated by cryoablation or electric ablation.

[0301] Among them, the temperature of the freezing zone 200 is -196°C to 0°C, and the freezing module 112 can freeze the target tissue 240 to a temperature between -21°C and 0°C for cryofixation and electroablation. The freezing module 112 can also freeze the target tissue 240 to a temperature between -196°C and -21°C and perform cryoablation on the target tissue 240. Since the freezing zone 200 freezes the target tissue 240 to form an ice ball, the ice ball can fix the ablation needle, so that the position between the ablation needle and the target tissue 240 is relatively fixed, and the range of cryoablation and electroablation is more precise.

[0302] Taking the example of setting a cryoablation needle with an electrode and two electric ablation needles around the center of the freezing zone 200, the initial freezing module 112 freezes the target tissue 240. When the cryoablation needle with an electrode is located in the deep freezing zone 220, there is no conductivity between the cryoablation needle with an electrode and the electric ablation needle, while there is conductivity between the electric ablation needles in the shallow freezing zone 210.

[0303] The ice ball (freezing zone 200) is divided into area C and area D. Area A is the middle area of ​​the ice ball, namely the refrigeration zone, and area D is the two tip areas of the ice ball, namely the freezing diffusion zone.

[0304] As shown in FIG3 , since the electroablation needles are located in the shallow frozen area 210 , the conductive channel 230 formed between the electroablation needles is within the ice ball area C, and most of the electroablation products are on the target tissue 240 in area C.

[0305] As shown in FIG3 , after thawing, the temperature at the center of the frozen zone 200 is above -21°C, so that the electrodes on the cryoablation needle in the deep frozen zone 220 and the electrodes on the electroablation needle in the shallow frozen zone 210 form a conductive channel 230, and most of the electroablation products are directed to the target tissue 240 in the D area.

[0306] In the frozen area 200, two electric ablation needles are used to directly perform electric ablation on area C, and then a conductive channel 230 is established between the deep frozen area 220 and the shallow frozen area 210 through rewarming, so that the electric cold needle 131 and the electric ablation target perform electric ablation on area D, and finally the electric ablation of the entire shallow frozen area 210 is achieved, making the electric ablation of the outer edge of the ice ball more thorough.

[0307] After the deep frozen area 220 is rewarmed, electrical ablation is performed for a period of time to concentrate the electrical ablation products in area D. The target tissue 240 is then further frozen to maintain the shallow frozen area 210 of the target tissue 240. The electrical ablation products are confined to the shallow frozen area 210, and the center area of ​​the ice ball is frozen to prevent the electrical ablation products from spreading to the center of the ice ball, which can greatly improve the ablation effect of tumor cells on the outer edge of the ice ball.

[0308] Furthermore, melting the deep frozen area 220 includes:

[0309] The control module 150 sends a cooling signal to the freezing module 112, and the freezing module 112 directly performs cryoablation on the area;

[0310] Alternatively, the control module 150 sends an electrical ablation signal to the electrical ablation module 121, and the temperature of the region rises to above -21°C, and electrical ablation is performed on the region.

[0311] The control module 150 sends the electrical ablation signal to the electrical ablation module 121 before the freezing zone 200 is formed, during the freezing zone 200 is formed, and / or after the freezing zone 200 is formed.

[0312] 3. The ablation needle is designed to have multiple electrodes on the same ablation needle, and a needle tip insulation layer 28 is provided between the needle tip 23 and the other parts of the needle rod 10, so that the second electrode 22 on the needle tip is in the shallow freezing area and is conductive; a needle rod insulation layer 27 can also be provided on the outside of the needle rod outer wall 26 of the needle rod 10, such as using vacuum, plastic or other insulation materials, to ensure that the second electrode 22 is in the shallow freezing area and is conductive.

[0313] The ablation needle is fitted with an outer sleeve 41. The outer sleeve is provided with a slider and a groove. The slider can drive the rod-shaped portion to slide axially along the ablation needle shaft, thereby causing the first electrode to move accordingly, changing the spacing and impedance between the first and second electrodes, so that both the first and second electrodes are located in the shallow freezing zone. Sliding the outer sleeve can control the length and size of the freezing zone and the shallow freezing zone. During use, the user inserts the multi-electrode ablation needle fitted with the outer sleeve 41 into the tissue target area for ablation. If the ablation range is found to be too small to enclose the target area, the user can slide the slider proximally to expand the freezing zone and then slide it to a groove at a certain distance to secure it. Conversely, if the ablation range is found to be too large to enclose the target area and healthy tissue outside of it, to avoid causing excessive tissue damage, the user can slide the slider distally to narrow the freezing zone and then slide it to a groove at a certain distance to secure it.

[0314] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications to these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

[0315] Obviously, those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications to this application without departing from the spirit and scope of this application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of this application fall within the scope of the claims of this application and their equivalents, this application is intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims

1. An ablation system combining cryoablation and electrical ablation, wherein: The ablation system includes a freezing module and an electrical ablation module; The freezing module and the electrical ablation module are connected to an ablation needle, and the target tissue is frozen and / or electrically ablated through the ablation needle; The freezing module is used to freeze the target tissue to below 0°C to form a freezing zone; the freezing zone is divided into a shallow freezing zone and a deep freezing zone, the temperature range of the shallow freezing zone is set to -21°C to 0°C, which is a conductive zone and can be subjected to electrical ablation; the temperature range of the deep freezing zone is set to be below -21°C, which is a non-conductive zone and cannot be subjected to electrical ablation; The electrical ablation module is connected to at least two electrodes, including at least one first electrode and at least one second electrode, the first electrode and the second electrode are insulated from each other and connected to two output ends of the electrical ablation module with opposite polarities; at least one of the first electrodes is partially arranged in the shallow freezing area of ​​the target tissue or in the deep freezing area that can be converted into the shallow freezing area, and the second electrode is partially arranged in the frozen area of ​​the target tissue, or in human tissue, or in electrical contact with human tissue; The freezing module and the electrical ablation module cooperate to control electrical ablation to be performed before freezing, and / or simultaneously with freezing, and / or after freezing.

2. The ablation system combining cryoablation and electrical ablation as claimed in claim 1, wherein: The freezing module is a separate freezing device, and / or the electroablation module is a separate electroablation device.

3. The ablation system combining cryoablation and electrical ablation as claimed in claim 2, wherein: The ablation system also includes a control module, which is connected to the freezing module and the electrical ablation module to control the freezing and electrical ablation operations thereof.

4. The ablation system combining cryoablation and electrical ablation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The freezing module has a thawing function, which selectively freezes or thaws the ablation needle with freezing function connected to it, controls the electrode contact area of ​​the ablation needle to be in a shallow freezing area to form a conductive channel to achieve electrical ablation, or controls the electrode contact area of ​​the ablation needle to be in a deep freezing area to prevent electrical ablation of the electrode, or controls the electrical impedance between the electrodes of the ablation needle.

5. The ablation system combining cryoablation and electrical ablation as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The ablation system also includes a temperature measurement module, which is connected to the control module or the freezing module. The temperature measurement module measures the temperature of the target tissue through a separate temperature measuring needle and / or a temperature measuring couple located on the ablation needle, and monitors the range and temperature of the freezing zone through temperature measurement feedback to control the conductivity of the freezing zone.

6. The ablation system combining cryoablation and electrical ablation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The electrical ablation module also includes an impedance measurement and control module, which is used to monitor the impedance between electrodes and its changes during cryoablation and / or electrical ablation, and calculate and control the ablation parameters of electrical ablation based on this, determine and adjust the position and distribution of electrodes in tissues, determine and adjust the participating electrodes and polarities, determine and adjust the electrode series and parallel connections and groupings, and determine and adjust the ablation order.

7. The ablation system combining cryoablation and electrical ablation as claimed in claim 6, wherein: The impedance measurement and control module has a voltage and current adjustment and distribution circuit. According to the monitored impedance between electrodes and its changes, it controls the average distribution of the voltage and current of the main circuit and each branch circuit, the distribution proportional to the impedance size, the distribution inversely proportional to the impedance size, controls the duration of electrical ablation and the time-sharing power supply, and controls and distributes the ablation voltage, current and ablation amount passing through each electrode.

8. The ablation system combining cryoablation and electrical ablation as claimed in claim 7, wherein: Conductive liquids or drugs that are biocompatible, harmless to tissues and / or beneficial to ablation are injected into selected areas of target tissue to increase the conductivity and drug concentration in the area; or non-conductive or antifreeze liquids that are biocompatible, harmless to tissues and / or beneficial to ablation are injected to reduce regional conductivity and freezing efficiency.

9. The ablation system combining cryoablation and electrical ablation as claimed in claim 3, wherein: The ablation system also includes an ECG R-wave synchronization module, which collects the patient's ECG and calculates the R-wave cycle through ECG electrodes. The control module controls the electrical ablation energy of the electrical ablation module to be applied only during the R-wave refractory period according to the patient's ECG and R-wave cycle.

10. The ablation system combining cryoablation and electrical ablation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The electrode is set in the shallow frozen area, and the freezing module is controlled not to actively thaw the target tissue but to rely on its natural thawing, so that the electrical ablation preferentially ablates the shallow frozen area; then as the target tissue thaws naturally, the temperature of the deep frozen area rises to the shallow frozen area, and the entire target tissue is electrically ablated; the process of freezing-natural thawing-electrical ablation is repeated.

11. The ablation system combining cryoablation and electrical ablation as claimed in claim 4, wherein: The freezing module is controlled to slightly thaw the electrode contact area of ​​the ablation needle with freezing function, so that it is heated to the temperature of the shallow frozen area and is connected with the target tissue, but the deep frozen area outside the ablation needle electrode contact area is not thawed, so that the shallow frozen area is first subjected to electrical ablation; then as the target tissue thaws naturally, the temperature of the deep frozen area rises to the shallow frozen area, and then the entire target tissue is electrically ablated; the process of freezing-electrode thawing-electrical ablation is repeated.

12. The ablation system combining cryoablation and electrical ablation according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: During the process of gradually withdrawing the ablation needle from the target tissue, the freezing zone or electrode zone of the ablation needle is used to perform continuous segmented cryoablation and / or electrical ablation on the puncture needle track.

13. An ablation needle, wherein: The ablation system applied to any one of claims 1-12 comprises a needle rod, at least one electrode and a connecting wire, wherein the electrode is arranged on the needle rod and connected to the electrical ablation module through the connecting wire, the non-electrode area of ​​the needle rod is provided with an electrical insulating layer, and at least one of the electrode portions is located in a shallow freezing zone.

14. An ablation needle, wherein: The ablation system applied to any one of claims 1-12 comprises a needle rod, a balloon, at least one electrode and a connecting wire, wherein the electrode is connected to the electrical ablation module via the connecting wire, the balloon is connected to the end of the needle rod, the electrode is arranged on the balloon, the non-electrode area of ​​the balloon is provided with an electrical insulating layer, and at least one of the electrode portions is arranged within the shallow freezing zone.

15. The ablation needle according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: When the electrode of the ablation needle is used as an anode or an electrode with high electric potential, the electrode material or the outer wall material or the cladding or the coating material for isolating and protecting the electrode is: Materials with resistance to electrochemical corrosion include one or more combinations of platinum, platinum group alloys, graphite, graphene, and carbon fiber materials; or materials whose electrochemical corrosion products have harmless properties include one or more combinations of titanium alloys, magnesium alloys, and zinc alloys; or materials whose electrochemical corrosion products have properties that are beneficial to ablation include one or more combinations of iron or iron alloy materials.

16. The ablation needle according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: The electrical insulation layer is made of a biocompatible polymer electrical insulation material, and the electrical insulation layer is a coating or a film layer.

17. The ablation needle according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: The ablation needle is connected to the freezing module through a connecting tube, so that the needle rod or the balloon has a freezing function. A first thermal insulation layer is provided on the needle rod or the balloon, and the edge of the first thermal insulation layer protrudes from the electrical insulation layer, so that the electrode part after freezing is exposed to the shallow freezing area.

18. The ablation needle of claim 17, wherein: The difference in the length of the edge of the first heat insulation layer protruding from the edge of the electrical insulation layer is in the range of 1 to 10 mm.

19. The ablation needle as described in claim 13, wherein an extension portion is externally connected to the distal end of the freezing chamber of the needle rod, and the refrigerant cannot reach the extension portion, and an electrode is arranged on the extension portion to control the electrode on the extension portion to always be partially located in the shallow freezing zone during the freezing process.

20. The ablation needle of claim 19, wherein: An insulating portion resistant to electrolytic corrosion is provided at the connection between the extension portion and the needle bar freezing chamber, isolating the needle bar freezing chamber from the extension portion.

21. The ablation needle of claim 19, wherein: The length of the extension portion is 3-15 mm.

22. The ablation needle according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: The ablation needle is provided with at least two electrodes connected to the electrical ablation module, insulated from each other and with opposite polarities, one of which is located in a shallow freezing zone or a deep freezing zone that can be converted into a shallow freezing zone, and the other is located in a frozen zone or in human tissue or in electrical contact with human tissue.

23. The ablation needle according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: Also includes: A puncture head connected to the tip of the needle rod; A flexible sheath, wherein the flexible sheath is sleeved outside the needle rod, and the needle rod is flexible and can be operated to drive the puncture head to extend out of or retract into the flexible sheath; A snake tube, wherein the snake tube is arranged at an end position inside the flexible sheath tube, and both ends of the snake tube are fixedly connected to the flexible sheath tube through a first fixing ring and a second fixing ring respectively; A driving wire passes through the first fixing ring and is fixedly connected to the second fixing ring, and the driving wire is located between the snake tube and the flexible sheath tube.

24. The ablation needle according to claim 13 or 14, wherein: A through tube is arranged inside the needle rod, one end of the through tube opens at the electrode of the needle rod and communicates with the target tissue, and the other end of the through tube opens outside the body.

25. The ablation needle of claim 24, wherein: The external end of the through tube is connected with an air pump or a liquid pump or a vacuum pump or a syringe or an infusion pump.

26. The ablation needle of claim 13, wherein: The needle rod has a freezing zone, and is provided with at least two first electrodes and second electrodes with opposite polarities, the shallow freezing zone includes a first shallow freezing zone located at the proximal end of the freezing zone and a second shallow freezing zone located at the distal end of the freezing zone, the first electrode is axially arranged at the first shallow freezing zone, and the second electrode is axially arranged at the needle tip of the second shallow freezing zone; The first electrode and the second electrode are respectively connected to two output terminals of the electrical ablation module with opposite polarities, and the polarities and electrical ablation parameters of the first electrode and the second electrode are configured by the electrical ablation module; The area between the first electrode and the second electrode and the non-electrode area of ​​the needle rod are both provided with an electrical insulation layer, and the insulation strength of the electrical insulation layer is not lower than the power supply voltage of the electric cold ablation device and the highest voltage generated by the electric ablation module.

27. The ablation needle of claim 26, wherein: The needle rod is a hard needle rod or a bendable flexible needle rod.

28. The ablation needle of claim 26, wherein: The axial length of the electrode is equal to the length of the axial region in the shallow freezing zone.

29. The ablation needle of claim 26, wherein the needle shaft is made of a conductive material, and is used to form an electrical connection between the first electrode or the second electrode and the electrical ablation module.

30. The ablation needle of claim 26, wherein: The needle shaft has an exposed portion that serves as an electrode.

31. The ablation needle of claim 26, wherein: A second heat-insulating layer is arranged between the needle tip of the ablation needle and other parts of the needle shaft. The second heat-insulating layer is made of vacuum, plastic or other heat-insulating materials, so that the second electrode is in a shallow freezing area.

32. The ablation needle according to claim 26, wherein: The interior of the needle rod is a hollow tube, and the needle tip has a liquid outlet for outputting refrigerant or medicine. The electrical ablation module is configured to adjust and configure the polarity and ablation parameters of the ablation needle electrode according to the polarity of the drug molecules to adjust the penetration speed and range of the drug molecules between the electrodes and in the target tissue.

33. The ablation needle of claim 13, wherein: A needle handle is provided at one end of the needle rod; the ablation needle also includes an outer needle rod, which is detachably and closedly sleeved on the outside of the needle rod of the ablation needle, the outer needle rod is connected to the needle handle, and is electrically connected to the electric ablation module; a first electrode is provided in a first shallow freezing zone located at the proximal end of the freezing zone of the outer needle rod, and a second electrode is provided at the needle tip of a second shallow freezing zone located at the distal end of the freezing zone.

34. The ablation needle of claim 13, wherein: The ablation needle further comprises an outer sleeve, which is detachably sleeved on the needle shaft of the ablation needle, and can slide axially along the needle shaft, and one end of the outer sleeve is connected to the needle handle of the ablation needle; the outer sleeve comprises a rod-shaped portion, a first electrode is arranged on the rod-shaped portion, and a second electrode is arranged at the needle tip of the ablation needle; The outer sleeve is provided with a slider and a groove, and the groove is configured to position the first electrode; the slider is fixedly connected to the rod-shaped portion, and the slider is configured to drive the rod-shaped portion to slide axially along the needle rod, thereby driving the first electrode to move accordingly, so as to change the spacing and impedance between the first electrode and the second electrode, thereby making the first electrode and the second electrode both located in the shallow freezing area.

35. The ablation needle of claim 34, wherein: The outer sleeve is an insulating tube. The length of the freezing zone and the shallow freezing zone can be adjusted by sliding the outer sleeve. The first electrode is arranged at the far end of the insulating tube so that the first electrode is always located in the shallow freezing zone of the freezing zone.

36. A method for controlling ablation by combining cryoablation and electrical ablation, wherein: Applied to the ablation system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, the ablation control method is as follows: S100: inserting the ablation needle into the target tissue, and arranging at least two electrode portions with opposite polarities within the shallow freezing zone; or at least one electrode portion is arranged within the shallow freezing zone, and at least one electrode with opposite polarities is arranged in the human tissue or in electrical contact with the human tissue; S200: Controlling the freezing module or freezing equipment to issue a freezing instruction, freezing the target tissue to below 0° C. by using an ablation needle with a freezing function, and forming a freezing zone; S300: Before freezing, and / or during freezing, and / or after freezing, control the electroablation module or electroablation equipment to issue an electroablation instruction, and perform electroablation on the shallow frozen area first and then on the deep frozen area through the electroablation electrode.

37. The ablation control method combining cryoablation and electrical ablation as claimed in claim 36, wherein: The ablation control method further comprises the following steps: S210: The control module sends a thawing instruction to the freezing module. After receiving the thawing instruction, the cryoablation module thaws the frozen area contacted by the cryoablation needle or the electro-cooling ablation needle electrode until the temperature around the needle shaft reaches the shallow frozen area, so that the shallow frozen area around the needle shaft electrode forms a conductive channel; S220: After the conductive channel is formed, electrical ablation is performed on the outer edge of the shallow frozen area or the frozen area; S230: After the electrical ablation of the shallow frozen area is completed, the deep frozen area is ablated.

38. The ablation control method combining cryoablation and electrical ablation as claimed in claim 36, wherein: The ablation control method further comprises the following steps: S110: The control module sends an impedance monitoring instruction to the impedance measurement and control module, and the impedance measurement and control module monitors and displays the impedance information between electrodes, and calculates and controls the ablation parameters of electrical ablation; S120: After receiving the inter-electrode impedance information, the control module plans the electrode distribution and the operator implements the electrode distribution; S130: After receiving the inter-electrode impedance information, the control module plans the electrode grouping and the operator implements the electrode grouping.

39. The ablation control method combining cryoablation and electrical ablation as claimed in claim 36, wherein: The ablation control method further comprises the following steps: S240: Use an ablation needle with freezing function to freeze the target muscle tissue or nerve tissue, so that it is in a deep freezing zone and does not conduct electricity, thereby preventing nerve conduction and muscle contraction to achieve cryosenesis.

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