High-pressure leaching reaction kettle and control method therefor

Abstract

A high-pressure leaching reaction kettle and a control method therefor. The high-pressure leaching reaction kettle comprises a kettle body (1), a plurality of stirring mechanisms (2), and a plurality of baffle assemblies (3). Each stirring mechanism (2) comprises a stirring rod (21), a stirring drive member (22), a plurality of stirring blades (23), and a plurality of pressure measurement members (24), each pressure measurement member (24) being disposed on one stirring blade (23) and being used for measuring the pressure on the blade surface of the corresponding stirring blade (23) during rotation; and each baffle assembly (3) comprises a fixed baffle (31), a telescopic baffle (32), and a baffle height adjustment member (33). The technical solution has the beneficial effects of enabling determination of whether ore slurry has been uniformly mixed in each mixing cavity, and when the ore slurry is uniformly mixed, lowering the height of the telescopic baffle (32) so as to actively reduce the residence time of the ore slurry in each mixing cavity, thereby improving production efficiency while ensuring uniform mixing, and achieving a balance between the leaching reaction rate and the overall production efficiency.

Description

A high-pressure leaching reactor and its control method Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of high-pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore, in particular to a high-pressure leaching reactor and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] The general process of pressure leaching of laterite nickel ore is to first make the ore into slurry, then preheat the slurry, pressurize the preheated slurry and acid-leach it in an autoclave, then cool and depressurize it, neutralize it, separate the leaching slurry and purify the leachate.

[0003] In existing autoclaves, baffles are usually used to divide the autoclave into several mixing chambers connected at the top. Each mixing chamber is equipped with a stirring device. The mixture of slurry, steam and acid passes through each mixing chamber in turn. Since the height of each baffle is fixed, the mixing time of the mixture in each mixing chamber is only related to the flow rate of slurry, steam and acid. The flow rate of slurry, steam and acid is pre-set according to production needs. Without adjusting the flow rate of slurry, steam and acid, it is impossible to actively adjust the stirring time of the slurry in each mixing chamber. During the production process, if the stirring time of the slurry in each mixing chamber is too short, it may cause uneven mixing of the mixture, reducing the leaching reaction rate. Conversely, if the stirring time of the slurry in each mixing chamber is too long, it will affect the overall production efficiency. In the existing technology, it is difficult to determine whether the slurry has been mixed evenly in each mixing chamber, and it is also difficult to actively adjust the residence time of the slurry in each mixing chamber. Therefore, it may lead to technical problems such as low leaching reaction efficiency or low overall production efficiency.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, it is necessary to provide a high-pressure leaching reactor and a control method thereof to solve the technical problems in the prior art, in which it is difficult to determine whether the slurry has been evenly mixed in each mixing chamber, and it is also difficult to actively adjust the residence time of the slurry in each mixing chamber, which may lead to low leaching reaction efficiency or low overall production efficiency.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a high-pressure leaching reactor, comprising:

[0007] kettle body;

[0008] a plurality of stirring mechanisms, each comprising a stirring rod, a stirring drive, a plurality of stirring blades, and a plurality of pressure detection members, wherein the stirring rod is disposed within the kettle body, the stirring drive is connected to the stirring rod and is used to drive the stirring rod to rotate, each stirring blade is fixed to the stirring rod, and each pressure detection member is respectively disposed on each stirring blade and is used to detect the pressure exerted on the blade surface of the corresponding stirring blade during rotation;

[0009] A plurality of baffle assemblies, the baffle assemblies including a fixed baffle, a telescopic baffle and a baffle height adjustment member, the fixed baffle being fixed in the kettle body to divide the inner cavity of the kettle body into a plurality of mixing chambers connected at the upper portion, the telescopic baffle being slidably arranged at the upper end of the fixed baffle along the height direction, the baffle height adjustment member being connected to the telescopic baffle and being used to adjust the height of the telescopic baffle according to the pressure exerted on the surface of the stirring blade during rotation.

[0010] In some embodiments, the stirring drive member is a stirring drive motor, and the output shaft of the stirring drive motor is fixedly connected to the stirring rod.

[0011] In some embodiments, the pressure detection part includes an outer ring, a slider, a pressure sensor and an elastic part. The outer ring is fixed to the corresponding stirring blade, the slider is slidably arranged in the outer ring, the fixed end of the pressure sensor is fixed to the stirring blade and is located in the outer ring, one end of the elastic part is fixedly connected to the movable end of the pressure sensor, and the other end is fixedly connected to the slider.

[0012] In some embodiments, at least one pressure detection member is provided on both sides of each stirring blade.

[0013] In some embodiments, a sliding groove is provided on the fixed baffle, and the lower end of the telescopic baffle is slidably disposed in the sliding groove.

[0014] In some embodiments, the baffle height adjustment member includes a fixing nut, a screw rod and a rotating drive member. The fixing nut is fixed on the telescopic baffle, the screw rod is threadedly connected to the fixing nut, and the rotating drive member is connected to the screw rod and is used to drive the screw rod to rotate.

[0015] In some embodiments, a through hole is provided at the top of the kettle body; the rotating drive component includes a mounting bracket and a driving motor, the mounting bracket is fixed above the kettle body, the screw rod passes upward through the through hole and is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket, and the driving motor is connected to the screw rod and is used to drive the screw rod to rotate.

[0016] In some embodiments, the rotating drive member also includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a synchronous belt, the driving pulley is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the drive motor, the driven pulley is coaxially fixed to the screw rod, one end of the synchronous belt is wound around the driving pulley, and the other end of the synchronous belt is wound around the driven pulley.

[0017] In some embodiments, a limiting protrusion is formed at the lower end of the screw rod.

[0018] The present invention also provides a control method for a high-pressure leaching reactor, which is applicable to the high-pressure leaching reactor and comprises the following steps:

[0019] S1. The ore slurry, high-pressure steam and acid solution are introduced into the kettle body, and the stirring rod and stirring blade are driven to rotate by the stirring drive member;

[0020] S2. When the stirring blade rotates, the pressure of the pressure detection parts on each stirring blade is obtained, and a group of pressure value data is obtained according to each pressure value. When the variance of the group of pressure value data is lower than the preset variance, it indicates that the materials in the kettle body are mixed more evenly. The height of the telescopic baffle is lowered by the baffle height adjustment member to make the mixed materials move quickly toward the outlet. When the variance of the group of pressure value data is higher than the preset variance, it indicates that the materials in the kettle body are mixed unevenly. The height of the telescopic baffle is increased by the baffle height adjustment member to increase the stirring time of the materials.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical solution proposed by the present invention has the following beneficial effects: when in use, slurry, high-pressure steam and acid solution are introduced into the kettle body, and the stirring rod and stirring blades are driven to rotate by the stirring drive member; when the stirring blades rotate, the pressure measured by the pressure detection member on each stirring blade is obtained, and a set of pressure value data is obtained based on each pressure value. When the variance of the set of pressure value data is lower than the preset variance, it indicates that the materials in the kettle body are mixed relatively evenly. The height of the telescopic baffle is lowered by the baffle height adjustment member to make the mixed materials move quickly toward the outlet. When the variance of the set of pressure value data is higher than the preset variance, it indicates that the materials in the kettle body are mixed unevenly. The height of the telescopic baffle is raised by the baffle height adjustment member to increase the stirring time of the materials. Therefore, the present invention can determine whether the slurry is mixed evenly in each mixing chamber, and lower the height of the telescopic baffle when the slurry is mixed evenly to actively reduce the residence time of the slurry in each mixing chamber. Therefore, production efficiency can be improved while ensuring mixing evenly, and a balance can be achieved between the leaching reaction rate and overall production efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a high-pressure leaching reactor and a control method thereof provided by the present invention;

[0023] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a stirring mechanism in FIG1 ;

[0024] FIG3 is a front view of the stirring mechanism in FIG2 ;

[0025] FIG4 is a cross-sectional view of section BB in FIG3 ;

[0026] FIG5 is a partial enlarged view of area C in FIG4 ;

[0027] FIG6 is a schematic perspective view of the structure of a baffle assembly in FIG1 ;

[0028] FIG7 is a partial enlarged view of area A in FIG1 ;

[0029] In the figure: 1-kettle body, 11-slurry inlet, 12-steam inlet, 13-acid inlet, 14-gas-liquid outlet, 15-slag outlet, 2-stirring mechanism, 21-stirring rod, 22-stirring drive member, 23-stirring blade, 24-pressure detection member, 241-outer ring, 242-slider, 243-pressure sensor, 244-elastic member, 3-baffle assembly, 31-fixed baffle, 311-sliding groove, 32-telescopic baffle, 33-baffle height adjustment member, 331-fixing nut, 332-screw, 3321-limiting protrusion, 333-rotating drive member, 3331-mounting frame, 3332-drive motor, 3333-driving pulley, 3334-driven pulley, 3335-synchronous belt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein the accompanying drawings constitute a part of this application and are used together with the embodiments of the present invention to illustrate the principles of the present invention, and are not used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0031] 1 to 7 , the present invention provides a high-pressure leaching reactor and a control method thereof, comprising a reactor body 1 , a plurality of stirring mechanisms 2 and a plurality of baffle assemblies 3 .

[0032] The kettle body 1 has a slurry inlet 11, a steam inlet 12, an acid liquid inlet 13, a gas-liquid outlet 14 and a slag outlet 15.

[0033] The stirring mechanism 2 includes a stirring rod 21, a stirring driving member 22, a plurality of stirring blades 23 and a plurality of pressure detection members 24. The stirring rod 21 is arranged in the kettle body 1. The stirring driving member 22 is connected to the stirring rod 21 and is used to drive the stirring rod 21 to rotate. Each stirring blade 23 is fixed to the stirring rod 21. Each pressure detection member 24 is respectively arranged on each stirring blade 23 and is used to detect the pressure exerted on the blade surface of the corresponding stirring blade 23 during the rotation process.

[0034] The baffle assembly 3 includes a fixed baffle 31, a telescopic baffle 32 and a baffle height adjustment member 33. The fixed baffle 31 is fixed in the kettle body 1 to divide the inner cavity of the kettle body 1 into a plurality of mixing chambers connected at the upper part. The telescopic baffle 32 is slidably arranged at the upper end of the fixed baffle 31 along the height direction. The baffle height adjustment member 33 is connected to the telescopic baffle 32 and is used to adjust the height of the telescopic baffle 32 according to the pressure exerted on the blade surface of the stirring blade 23 during rotation.

[0035] During use, slurry, high-pressure steam, and acid solution are introduced into the kettle body 1, and the stirring drive member 22 drives the stirring rod 21 and stirring blades 23 to rotate. As the stirring blades 23 rotate, the pressure measured by the pressure detection member 24 on each stirring blade 23 is obtained, and a set of pressure value data is obtained based on each pressure value. When the variance of the set of pressure value data is lower than the preset variance, it indicates that the materials in the kettle body 1 are relatively evenly mixed. The baffle height adjustment member 33 is used to lower the height of the telescopic baffle 32 to allow the mixed materials to move quickly toward the outlet. When the variance of the set of pressure value data is higher than the preset variance, it indicates that the materials in the kettle body 1 are unevenly mixed. The baffle height adjustment member 33 is used to raise the height of the telescopic baffle 32 to increase the stirring time of the materials. Thus, the present invention can determine whether the slurry has been evenly mixed in each mixing chamber, and lower the height of the telescopic baffle 32 when the slurry is evenly mixed, so as to actively reduce the residence time of the slurry in each mixing chamber. Therefore, production efficiency can be improved while ensuring even mixing, and a balance can be achieved between the leaching reaction rate and overall production efficiency.

[0036] In the present invention, the principle of judging the uniformity of material mixing by measuring data from each pressure detection member 24 is as follows: As shown in Figure 4, assuming that the stirring blade 23 moves in a clockwise direction, there will be a storage space between two adjacent stirring blades 23. If the material is unevenly mixed, then the material distribution in some storage spaces will be relatively dense, while the material distribution in other storage spaces will be relatively sparse. When the stirring blade rotates, the influent surface of the stirring blade will be subjected to the pressure of the material when pushing the material. If the material is relatively dense, the influent surface of the stirring blade will be subjected to greater pressure. If the material is relatively sparse, the influent surface of the stirring blade will be subjected to less pressure (for example, in Figure 4, the pressure detected by T1 will be higher than the pressure detected by T2). Comparing the pressures of the influent surfaces of the stirring blades, if the pressure difference is large, it indicates that the density of the material in the storage spaces between the stirring blades is different, thereby indicating that the material is not mixed. If the pressure difference is small, it indicates that the density of the material in the storage spaces between the stirring blades 23 is equal, thereby indicating that the material is mixed. The pressure detection member 24 is used to detect the pressure of the influent surface of the corresponding stirring blade 23.

[0037] It should be pointed out that the upstream surface of the stirring blade 23 refers to the surface that directly pushes the material to move when the stirring blade 23 rotates, and the surface of the stirring blade 23 opposite to the upstream surface is the downstream surface. When in use, it is only necessary to obtain the pressure of the pressure detection part 24 on the upstream surface, and there is no need to obtain the pressure of the pressure detection part 24 on the downstream surface.

[0038] In order to specifically realize the function of the stirring drive member 22 , please refer to Figures 1 to 5 . In a preferred embodiment, the stirring drive member 22 is a stirring drive motor, and the output shaft of the stirring drive motor is fixedly connected to the stirring rod 21 .

[0039] In order to specifically realize the function of the pressure detection part 24, please refer to Figures 1 to 5. In a preferred embodiment, the pressure detection part 24 includes an outer ring 241, a slider 242, a pressure sensor 243 and an elastic part 244. The outer ring 241 is fixed to the corresponding stirring blade 23, and the slider 242 is slidably arranged in the outer ring 241. The fixed end of the pressure sensor 243 is fixed to the stirring blade 23 and is located in the outer ring 241. One end of the elastic part 244 is fixedly connected to the movable end of the pressure sensor 243, and the other end is fixedly connected to the slider 242. During use, when the stirring blade 23 rotates, the mixture acts on the slider 242, and the slider 242 compresses the elastic part 244. The elastic part 244 can detect the pressure of the elastic part 244, thereby obtaining the pressure exerted on the slider 242. The pressure of the slider 242 can reflect the pressure exerted on the stirring blade 23 by the material.

[0040] In order to facilitate detection of the pressure on the flow-facing surface of the stirring blade 23 during both forward and reverse rotation, referring to FIG. 1 to FIG. 5 , in a preferred embodiment, at least one pressure detection member 24 is provided on both side surfaces of each stirring blade 23 .

[0041] In order to specifically realize the sliding connection between the telescopic baffle 32 and the fixed baffle 31, please refer to Figures 1, 6 and 7. In a preferred embodiment, a sliding groove 311 is provided on the fixed baffle 31, and the lower end of the telescopic baffle 32 is slidably set in the sliding groove 311.

[0042] In order to specifically realize the function of the baffle height adjustment member 33, please refer to Figures 1, 6 and 7. In a preferred embodiment, the baffle height adjustment member 33 includes a fixing nut 331, a screw rod 332 and a rotation driving member 333. The fixing nut 331 is fixed on the telescopic baffle 32, and the screw rod 332 is threadedly connected to the fixing nut 331. The rotation driving member 333 is connected to the screw rod 332 and is used to drive the screw rod 332 to rotate. When the screw rod 332 rotates, it acts on the fixing nut 331. Since the fixing nut 331 is fixed on the telescopic baffle 32, the fixing nut 331 cannot rotate. Therefore, the rotation of the screw rod 332 is converted into the up and down movement of the fixing nut 331, and the fixing nut 331 then drives the telescopic baffle 32 to move up and down.

[0043] In order to specifically realize the function of the rotating driving member 333, please refer to Figures 1, 6 and 7. In a preferred embodiment, a through hole is opened at the top of the kettle body 1; the rotating driving member 333 includes a mounting bracket 3331 and a driving motor 3332, and the mounting bracket 3331 is fixed above the kettle body 1. The screw rod 332 passes upward through the through hole and is rotatably connected to the mounting bracket 3331. The driving motor 3332 is connected to the screw rod 332 and is used to drive the screw rod 332 to rotate.

[0044] In order to specifically realize the connection between the driving motor 3332 and the screw rod 332, please refer to Figures 1, 6 and 7. In a preferred embodiment, the rotating driving member 333 also includes a driving pulley 3333, a driven pulley 3334 and a synchronous belt 3335. The driving pulley 3333 is coaxially fixed on the output shaft of the driving motor 3332, and the driven pulley 3334 is coaxially fixed on the screw rod 332. One end of the synchronous belt 3335 is wound around the driving pulley 3333, and the other end of the synchronous belt 3335 is wound around the driven pulley 3334.

[0045] In order to prevent the fixing nut 331 from being separated from the screw rod 332 , referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 6 and FIG. 7 , in a preferred embodiment, a limiting protrusion 3321 is formed at the lower end of the screw rod 332 .

[0046] The present invention also provides a control method for a high-pressure leaching reactor, which is applicable to the high-pressure leaching reactor and comprises the following steps:

[0047] S1, introducing ore slurry, high-pressure steam and acid solution into the kettle body 1, and driving the stirring rod 21 and stirring blade 23 to rotate through the stirring driving member 22;

[0048] S2. When the stirring blades 23 rotate, the pressures measured by the pressure detection members 24 on the stirring blades 23 are obtained, and a set of pressure value data is obtained according to the pressure values. When the variance of the set of pressure value data is lower than the preset variance, it indicates that the materials in the kettle body are mixed relatively evenly. The height of the telescopic baffle 32 is lowered by the baffle height adjustment member 33, so that the mixed materials move quickly toward the outlet. When the variance of the set of pressure value data is higher than the preset variance, it indicates that the materials in the kettle body 1 are mixed unevenly. The height of the telescopic baffle 32 is raised by the baffle height adjustment member 33 to increase the stirring time of the materials.

[0049] The present invention can determine whether the slurry has been evenly mixed in each mixing chamber, and lower the height of the telescopic baffle 32 when the slurry is evenly mixed, so as to actively reduce the residence time of the slurry in each mixing chamber. Therefore, the production efficiency can be improved while ensuring the mixing, and a balance can be achieved between the leaching reaction rate and the overall production efficiency.

[0050] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high pressure leaching reactor, It is characterized in that include: Kettle body; A plurality of stirring mechanisms, the stirring mechanisms comprising a stirring rod, a stirring driving member, a plurality of stirring blades and a plurality of pressure detection members, the stirring rod being arranged in the kettle body, the stirring driving member being connected to the stirring rod and being used to drive the stirring rod to rotate, each of the stirring blades being fixed on the stirring rod, each of the pressure detection members being respectively arranged on each of the stirring blades and being used to detect the pressure on the blade surface of the corresponding stirring blade during the rotation process; A plurality of baffle assemblies, the baffle assemblies comprising a fixed baffle, a telescopic baffle and a baffle height adjusting member, the fixed baffle being fixed in the kettle body to divide the inner cavity of the kettle body into a plurality of mixing chambers connected at the top, the telescopic baffle being slidably arranged at the upper end of the fixed baffle along the height direction, the baffle height adjusting member being connected to the telescopic baffle and being used to adjust the height of the telescopic baffle according to the pressure exerted on the blade surface of the stirring blade during rotation.

2. The high pressure leaching reactor according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The stirring driving member is a stirring driving motor, and the output shaft of the stirring driving motor is fixedly connected to the stirring rod.

3. The high pressure leaching reactor according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The pressure detection component includes an outer ring, a slider, a pressure sensor and an elastic component. The outer ring is fixed to the corresponding stirring blade, the slider is slidably arranged in the outer ring, the fixed end of the pressure sensor is fixed to the stirring blade and is located in the outer ring, one end of the elastic component is fixedly connected to the movable end of the pressure sensor, and the other end thereof is fixedly connected to the slider.

4. The high pressure leaching reactor according to claim 1, It is characterized in that At least one pressure detection component is arranged on both sides of each stirring blade.

5. The high pressure leaching reactor according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The fixed baffle plate is provided with a sliding groove, and the lower end of the telescopic baffle plate is slidably disposed in the sliding groove.

6. The high pressure leaching reactor according to claim 1, It is characterized in that The baffle height adjustment member includes a fixing nut, a screw rod and a rotation driving member, the fixing nut is fixed to the telescopic baffle, the screw rod is threadedly rotationally connected to the fixing nut, and the rotation driving member is connected to the screw rod and is used to drive the screw rod to rotate.

7. The high pressure leaching reactor according to claim 6, It is characterized in that The top of the kettle body is provided with a through hole; The rotating drive member includes a mounting frame and a driving motor. The mounting frame is fixed above the kettle body. The screw rod passes through the through hole upward and is rotatably connected to the mounting frame. The driving motor is connected to the screw rod and is used to drive the screw rod to rotate.

8. The high pressure leaching reactor according to claim 7, It is characterized in that The rotating drive component also includes a driving pulley, a driven pulley and a synchronous belt. The driving pulley is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the driving motor, the driven pulley is coaxially fixed to the screw rod, one end of the synchronous belt is wound around the driving pulley, and the other end of the synchronous belt is wound around the driven pulley.

9. The high pressure leaching reactor according to claim 6, It is characterized in that A limiting protrusion is formed at the lower end of the screw rod.

10. A control method for a high-pressure leaching reactor, It is characterized in that The method is applicable to the high pressure leaching reactor as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, and comprises the following steps: S1. Pass ore slurry, high-pressure steam and acid solution into the kettle, and drive the stirring rod and stirring blade to rotate through the stirring drive member; S2. When the stirring blade rotates, the pressure of the pressure detection parts on each stirring blade is obtained, and a group of pressure value data is obtained according to each pressure value. When the variance of the group of pressure value data is lower than the preset variance, it indicates that the materials in the kettle are mixed more evenly. Then, the height of the telescopic baffle is lowered through the baffle height adjustment part, so that the mixed materials move quickly toward the outlet direction. When the group of pressure values ​​is When the variance of the data is higher than the preset variance, it indicates that the materials in the kettle are not mixed evenly, and the height of the telescopic baffle is increased through the baffle height adjustment member to increase the stirring time of the materials.

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