152results about "Bismuth compounds" patented technology

The present application relates to a kind of preparation method of bismuth trifluoride, belong to bismuth compound preparation technical field.The preparation method of bismuth trifluoride of the present application includes the following steps: bismuth-containing compound powder is hydrothermally reacted with hydrofluoric acid;The bismuth-containing compound is one or any combination of bismuth oxide, bismuth oxychloride, bismuth trichloride.The preparation method of bismuth trifluoride of the present application carries out hydrothermal reaction to bismuth oxide, bismuth oxychloride, bismuth trichloride and hydrofluoric acid, and the high temperature and high pressure generated by hydrothermal reaction are used to improve the reactivity, solve the problem that bismuth oxide, bismuth oxychloride and bismuth trichloride are not completely reacted with hydrofluoric acid under normal pressure, resulting in low yield and low purity, product can be obtained by one-step reaction.The preparation method of bismuth trifluoride of the present application is simple, and route is short, the solvent used is water, cost is low, yield is high, and it is economic and environmental protection.

The invention discloses a preparation method of stable in-situ 14: 24 AEC second-phase Bi-2212 powder, which comprises the following steps: preparing powder with specific components by controlling the components of a Bi-2212 precursor solution, and then adjusting by a fine heat treatment process to obtain the stable in-situ 14: 24 AEC second-phase Bi-2212 powder. According to the method disclosed by the invention, components of a Bi-2212 precursor solution are controlled, the components of Bi-2212 precursor powder after heat treatment and the molar ratio of Sr to Ca are monitored to be within a specific range, and a heat treatment process is matched for adjustment, so that stable generation of a 14: 24 AEC second phase in the Bi-2212 precursor powder is ensured; the self-generated 14: 24 AEC second phase can improve the critical current density of the Bi-2212 superconducting material; the method is easy to operate, low in cost, high in controllability and operability and suitable for being rapidly applied to the field of Bi-2212 superconducting material preparation.

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed towards a method for producing an activated carbon / bismuth oxy-iodide nanocomposite. The method includes heating a glycol solution including Bi(NO3)3·5H2O and activated carbon to 100° C. The method includes heating a glycol solution includes potassium iodide to 100° C. The method includes adding the glycol solution including Bi(NO3)3·5H2O and activated carbon and the glycol solution including potassium iodide to a reaction vessel including a solvent to form a reaction mixture. The method includes chilling the reaction mixture to ambient temperature. The method includes filtering the reaction mixture to obtain the activated carbon / bismuth oxy-iodide nanocomposite.

The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a monolayer assembled bismuth subcarbonate nanosheet catalyst precursor. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) dissolving bismuth salt in water, adding triethanolamine, and stirring and mixing to form a uniform white solution; 2) adding an alkaline substance into the solution obtained in the step 1), and adjusting the solution to be alkaline; 3) heating and reacting the solution obtained in the step 2) to obtain a suspension containing white bismuth subcarbonate nanosheets; 4) carrying out solid-liquid separation on the suspension obtained in the step 3), collecting a white solid product, washing and drying to obtain a monolayer assembled bismuth subcarbonate nanosheet precursor; the morphology is formed by orderly assembling small-size nanosheets in a single layer in the two-dimensional plane direction, stacking and gathering of the nanosheets can be effectively inhibited, and exposure and structural stability of effective active sites are remarkably improved. When applied to the field of electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction, the catalyst can continuously run for 300 hours at the current density of 100 mA. Cm <-2 >, and the average formic acid Faraday efficiency reaches 82.6%.

Aspects of the present disclosure are directed towards a method for producing an activated carbon / bismuth oxy-iodide nanocomposite. The method includes heating a glycol solution including Bi(NO3)3·5H2O and activated carbon to 100° C. The method includes heating a glycol solution includes potassium iodide to 100° C. The method includes adding the glycol solution including Bi(NO3)3·5H2O and activated carbon and the glycol solution including potassium iodide to a reaction vessel including a solvent to form a reaction mixture. The method includes chilling the reaction mixture to ambient temperature. The method includes filtering the reaction mixture to obtain the activated carbon / bismuth oxy-iodide nanocomposite.

The invention belongs to the technical field of electrochemical sensing, and discloses a preparation method and application of BiOCl and a bismuth membrane electrode. The preparation method of BiOCl comprises the following steps: heating and dissolving bismuth nitrate into concentrated nitric acid, then adding bismuth trioxide into the solution, then adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, fully stirring, standing and cooling to room temperature to obtain a solution A; preparing a 15-25 wt% sodium hydroxide solution as a solution B; the preparation method comprises the following steps: adding water into a reaction container, heating to 65-85 DEG C, then adding concentrated hydrochloric acid, then adding a non-sulfur non-phosphorus surfactant while stirring, stirring until the solution is clear, simultaneously dropwise adding the solution A and the solution B into the reaction container, reacting for 15-15.5 hours, then dropwise adding the solution B again, adjusting the pH value of the solution to 9-11, cooling to room temperature, and drying to obtain the target product BiOCl. The bismuth membrane electrode is obtained by modifying a carbon fiber electrode with BiOCl. The bismuth membrane electrode can be used for detecting one or two of Pb < 2 + > content and Cd < 2 + > content in a water body / blood, and can also be used for integrating a portable heavy metal detection device.

This invention relates to the field of inorganic photochromic materials, specifically to an inorganic photochromic material, its preparation method, and its applications. Compared with existing technologies, the preparation method provided by this invention uses potassium carbonate, bismuth oxide, and titanium dioxide in a molar ratio of potassium, bismuth, and titanium of 1:3:4-x as raw materials, where 0≤x≤1, and calcines at a high temperature of 900℃~1000℃ to prepare an inorganic photochromic material with good photochromic properties and reversibility. The preparation method of this invention is simple, the raw materials are readily available, and the preparation cost is low. Furthermore, the irradiation light source required for the prepared inorganic photochromic material is a common 365nm ultraviolet light source, resulting in low application cost. Therefore, it solves the technical problem that existing inorganic photochromic materials cannot be applied to large-scale industrial applications. Experimental results show that the inorganic photochromic material prepared by the method of this invention can be successfully used to prepare anti-counterfeiting and encryption materials.

The invention relates to a Bi2O3 / Bi-Nx co-doped carbon-based composite coating material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, the composite coating material is prepared by taking SiO2 nanospheres as a hard template and polyquaternium-7 as a nitrogen source, forming a three-dimensional carbon skeleton structure with hierarchical pores after alkali etching, and then performing acid pickling and secondary carbonization processes. According to the preparation method, a composite active center system of the atomic-scale dispersed bismuth and the Bi2O3 phase is successfully constructed, the zinc deposition behavior is optimized by precisely regulating and controlling the synergistic effect mechanism of the atomic-scale dispersed bismuth and the Bi2O3 phase, and the zinc anode coating with high zinc affinity and long cycle stability is prepared.

A particulate crystalline nanocomposite including: a monoclinic bismuth oxide (Bi2O3) crystalline phase; a calcium silicate (CaSiO3) crystalline phase; and, a graphitic carbon nitride (g-C3N4) crystalline phase, wherein at least a fraction of the g-C3N4 is in the form of mesoporous nanosheets.

This invention belongs to the field of photoelectric active materials and photoelectric sensing analysis technology, specifically relating to a Z-type heterojunction composite material, its preparation method, and its application. The composite material uses Ti-MOF as a precursor, annealing to obtain carboxyl-functionalized p-type 2DTiO2@C nanocakes. Chemical reduction forms AuNPs in situ on the surface of the 2DTiO2@C nanocakes, obtaining p-type 2DTiO2@C / Au nanocakes. Amino-modified p-type 3D peony-shaped BiOI is added to the p-type 2DTiO2@C / Au nanocakes, and electrostatic interaction yields the 2DTiO2@C / Au / 3DBiOI Z-type heterojunction composite material. This invention uses a metal-organic framework template-assisted calcination method, chemical reduction, and electrostatic interaction to design and prepare the Z-type heterojunction composite material, improving photoelectric activity and achieving rapid, highly sensitive, accurate, and reliable detection of hexavalent chromium ions.

The application discloses a flower ball-shaped bismuth disulfide / tungsten disulfide composite material and a preparation method and application thereof. Tungsten hexachloride is added into anhydrous ethanol solution and fully stirred, then bismuth nitrate pentahydrate is added into the mixed solution and stirred to uniformly disperse the bismuth nitrate pentahydrate into the solution, then thioacetamide is added and stirred to be uniform, the obtained solution is moved into a reaction kettle, and the reaction kettle is sealed and placed into a homogeneous reactor; after the reaction is completed, the product is taken out, washed and fully dried in a vacuum oven to obtain the composite material. The composite material has a thickness of 20-30 nm, and nanosheets are vertically grown on a self-assembled flower ball-shaped structure with a diameter of 350-400 nm; the composite material can be applied to preparation of a potassium ion battery negative electrode material, and the structure is more stable, the conductivity is better, and the electrochemical performance is greatly improved.

Systems and methods for generating radionuclides, such as radium-224. Systems herein may include a first cartridge having a first opening, a second opening, and a chamber therebetween having a first resin having affinity for thorium-228 and bismuth-212; a second cartridge having a first opening, a second opening, and a chamber therebetween having a second resin having affinity for thorium-228 and bismuth-212, a third cartridge having a first opening, a second opening, and a chamber therebetween comprising a third resin having affinity for thorium-228 and bismuth-212, a fourth cartridge having a first opening, a second opening, and a chamber therebetween having a third resin having affinity for lead-212; wherein a continuous flow path is formed from a top of the first cartridge though the second cartridge, through the third cartridge, and to a bottom of the fourth cartridge during system use.

This invention discloses a composite modified lithium manganese oxide cathode material, its preparation method, and its applications, belonging to the field of cathode material technology. The structural formula of the composite modified lithium manganese oxide cathode material is: LiX a O b @LiYO2 / LiMn2O4, comprising: a core composed of LiYO2 and LiMn2O4, and LiX coating at least a portion of the surface of the core. a O b The coating layer; wherein: LiMn2O4 has a porous structure, and LiYO2 fills the channels of LiMn2O4. The cathode material in this invention uses lithium manganese oxide as a matrix, with LiYO2 filling the channels of the matrix, and LiX coated on the surface of the matrix. a O b Filling the pores with LiYO2 can reduce the Jahn-Teller effect of lithium manganese oxide without affecting the specific capacity of the cathode material. Moreover, LiYO2 can accelerate the lithium-ion diffusion rate, thereby improving the rate performance of the material.

The invention discloses a defect-engineered nanosheet material for an alkaline aqueous battery as well as a preparation method and application of the defect-engineered nanosheet material, and belongs to the technical field of nano materials and electrochemical energy storage. The method comprises the following steps: firstly, dissolving 1, 3, 5-benzene tricarboxylic acid and bismuth nitrate pentahydrate in methanol, and carrying out hydrothermal reaction to obtain a bismuth-based metal-organic framework precursor; and then dispersing the precursor and ammonium halide in deionized water, and carrying out ion etching reaction through oil bath heating to obtain the bismuth oxyhalide nanosheet material. The prepared material has a self-supported hierarchical porous nanosheet structure, the surface of the material has wrinkles and pore channels, and the material contains oxygen vacancies and low-valence bismuth defects. The material can be used as a negative electrode to be applied to an alkaline aqueous battery, and after the material, a positive electrode material and alkaline electrolyte are assembled into a battery, the battery has high specific capacity, excellent rate capability and good cycle stability. The preparation method is simple in process and mild in condition, and the material performance can be optimized by adjusting etching parameters.

The application relates to a preparation method and application of a multilayer shell-shaped bismuth oxide / bismuth / carbon composite material and belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries. Bismuth nitrate pentahydrate and ethylene glycol are added into an ethanol solvent and uniformly ultrasonically mixed, then are placed in a solvent thermal reaction at a temperature of 180-200 DEG C for 150-180 min, are cooled to room temperature, are subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the solid is sequentially washed by deionized water and ethanol and is dried to obtain multilayer shell-shaped bismuth oxide; glucose and the multilayer shell-shaped bismuth oxide are added into deionized water and uniformly ultrasonically mixed, then are placed in a hydrothermal reaction at a temperature of 180-200 DEG C for 120-180 min, are subjected to solid-liquid separation, and the solid is sequentially washed by deionized water and ethanol and is dried to obtain a precursor; the precursor is uniformly heated to a temperature of 400-600 DEG C under an argon atmosphere and is calcined at a constant temperature for 1-2 h to obtain the multilayer shell-shaped bismuth oxide / bismuth / carbon composite material. The multilayer shell-shaped bismuth oxide / bismuth / carbon composite material has a high specific surface area, and as a lithium ion battery negative electrode, can relieve the huge volume expansion of a lithium ion battery in a lithiumation process.

This invention discloses a method for preparing an iron anode additive and its application, belonging to the field of battery anode material preparation. This invention utilizes a high-temperature solid-state method or co-precipitation method to prepare Cu with a spinel structure. 1‑x Sn x Bi₂O₄ is used as a negative electrode additive in nickel-iron or iron-air batteries. This additive effectively improves the battery's specific capacity, reduces electrode expansion, decreases gas evolution, and extends battery life. In application, Cu... 1‑ x Sn x Bi2O4 structured powder additives are mixed with Fe3O4, the negative electrode active material, to serve as the negative electrode active material in iron-nickel batteries or iron-air batteries. During charging, it helps to increase the hydrogen evolution overpotential of the negative electrode material, thereby improving the charging efficiency of the battery. During discharging, it reduces passivation and prevents the increase of internal resistance, thus improving the discharge efficiency and discharge plateau of the battery.

The invention discloses a nano bismuth oxide powder preparation system, which sequentially comprises an electric arc evaporation unit, a gas phase reaction and condensation unit, a product collection and treatment unit and an intelligent control unit along a material flow direction, and is characterized in that the gas phase reaction and condensation unit adopts an integrally designed reaction settling chamber; through specific structural layout and flow field design, gas-phase oxidation of bismuth vapor and a condensation nucleation process of nanoparticles are decoupled and accurately controlled, and meanwhile, an online oxygen content and temperature monitoring and feedback control system is integrated, so that controllable preparation of the granularity and morphology of the nano bismuth oxide is realized. Through structure innovation and process reconstruction, short-process and continuous precision control of the gas phase oxidation reaction and the nano-particle condensation growth process is realized, the product purity is high, the morphology is uniform, and the method is suitable for the fields of high-end electronic ceramics, catalysts and functional materials.

This invention belongs to the field of photocatalyst preparation technology, and discloses a porous Bi5O7I semiconductor photocatalyst, its preparation method, and its application. The method involves dissolving a Bi-containing polymer in distilled water, adding an I-containing inorganic salt, stirring until homogeneous, and then transferring the solution to an autoclave for hydrothermal treatment. The hydrothermal reaction product is centrifuged and dried to obtain a powder, which is then ground and calcined at high temperature to obtain the porous Bi5O7I semiconductor photocatalyst. The semiconductor photocatalyst "porous Bi5O7I" prepared by this invention possesses a complete and stable Bi5O7I crystal structure. Electron-rich Bi atoms form on the surface of the Bi5O7I semiconductor photocatalyst obtained in this special manner. (3‑x)+ It is beneficial for CO2 activation, improves photocatalytic performance, and has excellent product selectivity; it exhibits good photocatalytic stability under long-term testing, promotes efficient and stable conversion of CO2 to CO, and is suitable for widespread application.

The invention belongs to the technical field of inorganic functional materials, and provides a bismuth oxychloride coated mica composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: mixing mica, a pH value regulator and water to obtain a mica suspension; mixing a bismuth source, a chlorine source and water to obtain a mixed raw material solution; mixing the mica suspension liquid with the mixed raw material liquid, and carrying out an in-situ precipitation reaction to obtain a bismuth oxychloride coated mica composite material precursor; and carrying out heat treatment on the bismuth oxychloride coated mica composite material precursor to obtain the bismuth oxychloride coated mica composite material. The method is simple and mild in condition, the prepared bismuth oxychloride coated mica composite material does not harm human health, the particle size distribution and dispersion performance of bismuth oxychloride are improved, agglomeration is not prone to occurring, and the bismuth oxychloride coated mica composite material has wide application prospects in manufacturing of high-end cosmetics.

The present invention provides novel infrared-transmitting material particles that can block visible light while transmitting infrared light. [Solution] Composition formula: A x Bi y O z It contains a complex bismuth oxide represented by, In the above compositional formula, element A is one or more elements selected from calcium, strontium, and barium, Bi is bismuth, and O is oxygen. The above compositional formula comprises infrared-transmitting material particles where x, y, and z satisfy the relationships 2.5 ≤ z / y ≤ 4.0 and 0.6 ≤ x / y ≤ 1.8.

To provide an assembly composite, a sheet, a separator and an electrode in which dendritic growth of metallic Li is suppressed, and a power storage device. The assembly composite (10) which contains oxide grains (19) having a garnet-type crystal structure (22) containing Li, La, and Zr, and inorganic grains composed of a main-group element including Mg. The median diameter of the inorganic grains is 1 / 2 or less the median diameter of the oxide grains. The volume ratio of the inorganic grains to the oxide grains is 1 vol% or more and 10 vol% or less. The power storage device (11) includes the assembly composite.

The invention discloses a rose spherical bismuthyl carbonate catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of electro-catalytic materials. The catalyst is rose-ball-shaped Bi2O2CO3, is characterized by being formed by stacking and assembling nanosheets layer by layer, is large in specific surface area and rich in active sites, and has excellent selectivity and stability for preparing formic acid through electrocatalytic reduction of CO. According to the preparation method, a solvothermal method is adopted, bismuth nitrate pentahydrate is taken as a bismuth source, sodium citrate dehydrate and urea are taken as a composite carbon source, ethylene glycol and deionized water are taken as a mixed solvent, and morphology-controllable synthesis is realized by regulating and controlling the reaction temperature and time. According to the catalyst, the formic acid Faraday efficiency reaches 90% or above within the RHE potential range of-0.7 V vs to-1.2 V vs, the highest formic acid Faraday efficiency can reach 96.7%, the hydrogen evolution side reaction can be effectively inhibited, the stable catalytic performance is kept in the 16-hour continuous electrolysis process, and an efficient and feasible technical scheme is provided for COresource utilization.

The application discloses a double perovskite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and the chemical formula of the double perovskite material is Cs2AEr Z Bi 1‑Z X6, wherein A is one of Ag, Na and K, X is one or two of halogen anions, and 0 < Z < 1. The double perovskite material provided by the application replaces divalent Pb ions in a conventional double perovskite material with monovalent A (one of Ag, Na and K) ions and trivalent Er and Bi ions, so that the toxicity of the double perovskite material is greatly reduced, the perovskite band gap is controlled, and optical properties in the near-infrared II region are obtained. Due to the regulation of the rare earth element Er on the energy level of the transition metal element Bi, the double perovskite material can realize a luminescent peak with a luminescent center of 1542 nm. The detector prepared from the double perovskite material can realize visible-near-infrared band (447-1550 nm) detection, wherein the visible light region I 光 / I 暗 can reach 10 4 , in particular, the I 光 / I 暗 of 1550 nm and 1310 nm is greater than 10 2 .

The invention relates to a carbon nanotube loaded tantalum monatomic doped bismuth sulfide catalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof, and aims to solve the problems that the yield of H2O2 prepared through electro-catalysis of an existing bismuth-based catalyst is relatively low, and the selectivity of H2O2 is relatively low. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, dispersing trimesic acid, tantalum pentachloride and bismuth nitrate pentahydrate in methanol, and carrying out solvothermal reaction at 110-140 DEG C to obtain a tantalum-doped bismuth metal organic framework material; 2, grinding and mixing the tantalum-doped bismuth metal organic framework material and dibenzyl disulfide to obtain a mixture; and 3, in an argon atmosphere, heating to 750-950 DEG C, and carrying out heat preservation carbonization treatment. The bismuth sulfide catalyst prepared by the method shows H2O2 selectivity of more than 90% in a wide voltage range of 0-0.65 V, and the H2O2 yield can reach 8.76 mol.g <-1 >. H <-1 > under the industrial-grade current density of 75 mA / cm < 2 >.

The present invention provides: aggregates wherein dendrite growth of Li metal can be reduced; a sheet; a separator; an electrode; and a power storage device. Aggregates (10) each comprise oxide particles (19) that have a garnet crystal structure containing Li, La and Zr, and inorganic particles (22) that are formed of a typical element and contain Mg. The median diameter of the inorganic particles is 1 / 2 or less of the median diameter of the oxide particles, and the ratio of the inorganic particles to the oxide particles is 1 vol% to 10 vol%. A power storage device (11) comprises the aggregates.

The application discloses a preparation method and application of high-stability lead-free halide core-shell nanocrystals and belongs to the field of semiconductor material preparation. The nanocrystal core layer is and the shell layer is an in-situ grown anatase phase / amorphous phase. Tetrabutyl titanate is used as a single titanium source, and one-step coating is carried out through precursor solution preparation-titanium source in-situ hydrolysis-anti-solvent induction-post treatment. Optionally, a chelating agent can be introduced to passivate defects, and a polymer+inorganic dense layer double-coating can be used to strengthen the stability. The oxygen-free preparation conditions are optimized, and one or mixed halogen nanocrystals can be prepared by passing nitrogen gas throughout the whole process, so that the problems of poor water oxygen and thermal stability of traditional nanocrystals are solved. In-situ coating forms an interface bonding, and the fluorescence retention rate is greater than or equal to 80% in air for three months, and the Cl / Br phase can reach greater than or equal to 90%. The process is simple and easy to scale, and the material can be widely applied to the fields of photocatalysis, flexible X-ray imaging, LED, photoelectric detection and the like, and has significant academic and industrial application values.

The application relates to a method for preparing high-concentration formic acid by cyclic electrolysis based on tin-doped bismuth nanosheets, which comprises the following steps: S1, blending bismuth nitrate pentahydrate, stannous chloride dihydrate, urea, cetyltrimethylammonium bromide and a solvent, and heating to obtain tin-doped bismuth nanosheets; S2, loading the tin-doped bismuth nanosheets on a gas diffusion layer to obtain a cathode; S3, constructing a solid-state electrolyte layer; S4, constructing an electrolytic cell by arranging the cathode, the solid-state electrolyte layer and an anode to obtain an electrolysis system; S5, introducing carbon oxide gas into the cathode of the electrolysis system, introducing an initial liquid into the solid-state electrolyte layer, applying a voltage for electrolysis, collecting the product and introducing the product into the solid-state electrolyte layer again for circulation to obtain the high-concentration formic acid. The application realizes direct preparation of high-concentration and high-purity formic acid solution under the condition of no liquid electrolyte by using tin-doped bismuth nanosheets as a catalyst, combining a solid-state electrolyte electrolytic cell and a cyclic electrolysis enrichment process.

The application provides a red light excitable photoelectric response heterostructure nanotube, a hydrogel and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of nanomaterials. By integrating a heterostructure, a quantum confinement effect and morphological modification, a one-dimensional TiO2 / Bi2S3 quantum dot nanotube with visible red light excitation and high photoelectric conversion efficiency is prepared, which is combined with a hydrogel precursor to simulate an extracellular matrix, so that a high-performance red light response photoelectric hydrogel dressing is developed. The hydrogel dressing has excellent ability in promoting nerve ending reinnervation, promoting skin substructure repair and regulating immune response in a deep burn model, and has wide application prospects in overall skin repair.

The application relates to the technical field of electrocatalytic carbon dioxide reduction, in particular to a preparation method of PbBiO2OH and application of the PbBiO2OH in electrocatalytic carbon dioxide synthesis of formic acid. The PbBiO2OH is prepared by adopting a method of "directly mixing Bi salt and Pb salt + one-step hydrothermal method", without needing complex pretreatment or post-treatment, and the reaction equipment is simple, and the reaction condition is mild. The PbBiO2OH prepared by the application is regulated through double-metal cooperation and OH intercalation, not only expands the high-selectivity potential range to a wide potential range of 0.85V~‑1.55V (vs. RHE), but also realizes 220-hour high-current density stable operation, and solves the core contradiction that the selectivity and stability of a single-metal Bi-based catalyst cannot be compatible.

The present invention provides a solid-state battery that is sufficiently exceptional in terms of low temperature densification characteristics and moisture resistance. The present invention relates to a solid-state battery having an exterior part and an insulation part, wherein at least one of the exterior part and the insulation part contains lithium (Li), magnesium (Mg), at least one element (M) selected from the group consisting of group 4 and group 5 elements, and an oxide ceramic that contains bismuth (Bi).