217 results about "Electroactive materials" patented technology

A solid electrode includes particles of an electroactive material, a solid electrolyte comprising particles of an ionic conducting compound having at least one halogen element, a conductive carbon, and a coating deposited on the particles of the electroactive material, the particles of the solid electrolyte, or a combination thereof. The coating includes a metal halide, a metal sulfide, a metal phosphide, a metal oxide, a metal selenide, or a combination of two or more thereof. A method for preparing the solid electrode includes milling a mixture of the electroactive material, the conductive carbon, and the solid electrolyte to produce the coated solid electrode material comprising the coating derived from decomposition products of the ionic conducting compound, the coating deposited on the particles of the electroactive material, the solid electrolyte, or a combination thereof.

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms, and methods of producing and operating the same. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode and a cathode material disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode material and the cathode current collector forming a cathode. The electrochemical cell further includes a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, and an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material, the interlayer including a source of lithium ions, the lithium ions configured to migrate toward the anode upon a voltage difference between the interlayer and the anode exceeding a threshold value. In some embodiments, the anode can include an anode material disposed on an anode current collector. In some embodiments, the anode material can include graphite, silicon, and / or hard carbon.

Methods of making an integrated electrode-separator component for a lithium-sulfur electrochemical cell are provided. A liquid dispersion comprising aramid nanofibers (ANF) is sprayed onto an active material layer comprising at least one electroactive material to form a sprayed layer that defines an integrated electrode-separator component having an interfacial resistance between the sprayed layer and the active material layer of less than or equal to about 10 Ω·cm2. An electrode-separator component and lithium-sulfur electrochemical cell are also provided.

The invention relates to a particulate material and a method for preparing the same. The particulate material is composed of a plurality of composite particles. The composite particle comprises a porous particle skeleton, and the porous particle skeleton comprises micropores and / or mesopores. The total pore volume of micropores and mesopores measured by gas adsorption is in the range of 0.4 to 2.2 cm3 / g. The composite particle includes a plurality of electroactive material domains and a plurality of modified material domains disposed within an internal pore volume of a porous particle backbone. At least a portion of the modified material domains are located between adjacent electroactive material domains.

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

A control surface system for a body located in an air and / or space vehicle. The control surface system having at least one control surface which is located on the body and which, by moving relatively to the body, enables air flow to be controlled and the air vehicle to maneuver accordingly. The control surface system having at least one actuator which is made of an electroactive polymer material which is located on the body and which changes its form depending on electrical energy and based thereon, triggers the control surface.

This invention relates to particulate electroactive materials consisting of a plurality of composite particles, wherein the composite particles comprise: (a) a porous carbon framework including micropores and mesopores having a total volume of 0.4 to 0.75 cm3 / g, wherein the micropore volume fraction is in the range of 0.5 to 0.85 based on the total volume of micropores and mesopores; and (b) silicon located at least within the micropores of the porous carbon framework in a defined amount relative to the volume of the micropores and mesopores.

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

Exemplary cathode materials include a mixture of an electroactive sulfur material (e.g., S8) and a blended non-sulfur electroactive material comprising two or more non-sulfur electroactive materials, wherein the blended non-sulfur electroactive material is selected such that a discharge voltage profile of the blend of intercalation materials—considered apart from the sulfur electroactive material—has a discharge voltage profile that has substantial overlap with the discharge voltage profile of the sulfur electroactive material. For example, in typical ether electrolytes commonly used in sulfur batteries the discharge voltage profile of S8-Li2S conversion has multiple plateaus (e.g., two plateaus) due to the multistep conversion of sulfur to soluble / intermediate polysulfides (PS) followed by progression to solid or quasi-solid products (e.g., Li2S2 / Li2S). By matching this discharge profile with a provided blend of non-sulfur electroactive materials, the rate and efficiency characteristics of the sulfur cathode can be improved throughout the battery discharge process.

Embodiments described herein relate to removal and addition of coatings from electrodes. In some aspects a method can include suspending an electrode mixture in a solvent, the electrode material including an electrode material and a coating material, agitating the electrode mixture via at least one of sonication or stirring, such that the coating material separates from the electrode material, and separating the electrode material from the conductive material. In some embodiments, the electrode material can include a binder and the solvent can dissolve the binder. In some embodiments, the electrode mixture is from a first electrode, and the method can further include removing a packaging from a battery and separating the first electrode from a second electrode and a separator. In some embodiments, the method can further include regenerating the active material. In some embodiments, the regenerating can include a heat treatment operation.

The invention provides a diaphragm and a secondary battery, and belongs to the technical field of secondary batteries, and the diaphragm comprises a base membrane and a coating. Wherein the coating is arranged on one surface, facing the positive pole piece, of the base film, and the coating comprises an electroactive material and a binder; the electroactive material comprises at least one of a quinone derivative, a phenazine derivative, an imide derivative and a phenothiazine derivative. The electroactive material in the diaphragm coating can be dissolved in the electrolyte after the environment temperature reaches the thermal safety critical temperature, and reacts with the positive and negative active materials, so that the charge state of the battery is quickly reduced, and the thermal runaway of the battery is inhibited or even avoided.

Generally described herein are multiphase electroactive materials and associated articles (e.g., electrodes), systems (e.g., electrochemical devices), and methods. In certain embodiments, an electroactive material comprises a first component and a second component that is softer than the first component. The first component and the second component may be intermixed such that the second component is dispersed throughout a bulk of the first component. In some embodiments, the first component comprises a first alkali metal (e.g., metallic lithium) and the second component comprises a second alkali metal (e.g., metallic sodium) and a third alkali metal (e.g., metallic potassium).

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

This invention relates to particulate electroactive materials comprising a plurality of composite particles, wherein the composite particles comprise: (a) a porous carbon framework including micropores and / or mesopores having a total volume of at least 0.7 cm3 / g, wherein at least half of the micropore / mesopore volume is in the form of pores having a diameter of no more than 5 nm; and (b) silicon located within the micropores and / or mesopores of the porous carbon framework in a defined amount relative to the volume of the micropores and / or mesopores.

Processes for the production of powder materials are provided, and the resulting powder materials and electrodes are also provided.The processes include providing a starting powder with starting particles, each containing an electroactive material; coating the starting particles with a dopant compound containing a dopant material to define coated particles of an intermediate powder; exposing the coated particles to a reducing agent containing fluorine; and performing a heat treatment on the coated particles while exposed to the reducing agent at an elevated temperature and for a period of time sufficient to cause a solid-state reaction and diffusion of the dopant material into the electroactive material to form a doped region within the electroactive material and thereby define doped particles of a final powder material.The doped area extends at least one nanometer into the electroactive material, and the fluorine reacts with oxides that are formed on the surfaces of the coated particles.

The present invention relates to the field of smart materials technology, and more particularly to a non-sequential three-state rocking mechanism driven by an electroactive material. The mechanism comprises a rotational angle actuator, a boundary controller, and a diamond-shaped driver. The boundary actuator comprises a connecting frame, a flexible beam, and a guide block. The connecting frame comprises a cross-shaped transverse frame and a vertical frame, with the guide block suspended from the transverse frame by a flexible beam. The rotational angle actuator comprises a semi-enclosed frame structure and a pure shear dielectric elastomer film, connected to the guide block via the pure shear dielectric elastomer film. The present invention converts the planar deformation of the dielectric elastomer material into bending deformation of the mechanism. By adjusting the voltage on the pure shear dielectric elastomer film, steady-state control of different rotational angles is achieved, allowing the mechanism to switch between three states under voltage drive.

The present invention relates to a rechargeable and dischargeable battery and a photorechargeable battery based on bismuth material, which sequentially comprises an FTO conductive substrate, an electron transport layer, a photoelectric active layer based on Bi, and a platinum or carbon counter electrode. The electron transport layer is composed of a dense layer of porous oxide and a mesoporous layer of porous oxide, and the porous oxide is TiO2, SnO2, ZnO or Sb2O5. The rechargeable and dischargeable battery can be charged using sunlight, converting light energy into electrical energy for storage, and powering electrical devices in the dark state. The present invention expands the electroactive material system of secondary batteries and provides a solid-state two-electrode photorechargeable battery device, which will greatly promote the practical application of photorechargeable battery devices.

The invention relates to a particulate material and processes for the preparation thereof. The particulate material consists of a plurality of composite particles. The composite particles comprise a porous particle framework comprising micropores and / or mesopores. The total pore volume of micropores and mesopores as measured by gas adsorption is in the range from 0.4 to 2.2 cm3 / g. The composite particles comprise a plurality of electroactive material domains and a plurality of modifier material domains disposed within the internal pore volume of the porous particle framework. At least a portion of the modifier material domains are located between adjacent electroactive material domains.

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms, and methods of producing and operating the same. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode and a cathode material disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode material and the cathode current collector forming a cathode. The electrochemical cell further includes a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, and an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material, the interlayer including a source of lithium ions, the lithium ions configured to migrate toward the anode upon a voltage difference between the interlayer and the anode exceeding a threshold value. In some embodiments, the anode can include an anode material disposed on an anode current collector. In some embodiments, the anode material can include graphite, silicon, and / or hard carbon.

The present invention relates to an electrode-forming composition comprising at least one polymer blend, at least one sulfide-based solid ion-conducting inorganic particle, at least one electroactive material, at least one non-aqueous solvent, and optionally at least one conductive agent. The invention also relates to a method for producing an electrode, to an electrode obtainable by this method, to a solid-state battery comprising this electrode, and to the use of specific copolymers as adhesion promoters for electrode current collectors in solid-state batteries.

The present invention relates to a particulate electroactive material consisting of a plurality of composite particles wherein the composite particles comprise: (a) a porous carbon skeleton comprising micropores and mesopores, the total volume of the micropores and mesopores being 0.5 to 1.5 cm3 / g; and (b) silicon located at least within the micropores of the porous carbon backbone in a defined amount relative to the volume of the micropores and mesopores. At least 20% by weight of the silicon is characterized as surface silicon by thermogravimetric analysis.

A method of making a capacitor-assisted hybrid electrode for a lithium-ion electrochemical cell includes admixing a solvent, a cellulose-based dispersant, and a plurality of capacitive particles comprising carbon to form a dispersion. The cellulose-based dispersant forms hydrogen bonds with one or more carbonyl-groups on the capacitive particles comprising carbon. The dispersion is combined with an electroactive material, an electrically conductive material, and a binder to form a slurry. The slurry is applied to a current collector and solidified to form the capacitor-assisted hybrid electrode having a composite hybrid active layer on the current collector. Capacitor-assisted hybrid electrodes formed from such methods are also provided.

The present invention relates to a binder solution for a secondary battery, comprising at least one non-aqueous solvent and at least one fluoropolymer comprising recurring units derived from a) vinylidene difluorides and b) at least one fluorinated olefin monomer containing at least one —SO2X functional group, X being selected from X′ and OM, X′ being selected from the consisting of F, Cl, Br, and I; and M being selected from the group consisting of H, an alkaline metal and NH4, wherein b) the fluorinated olefin monomer is present in an amount from 0.1 to 10.0 mol %, the mol % being relative to the total moles of recurring units; to a solid composite electrolyte comprising at least one fluoropolymer according to the present invention and at least one sulfide-based solid ionic conducting inorganic particle; to a slurry for manufacturing a solid composite electrolyte comprising a binder solution according to the present invention and at least one sulfide-based solid ionic conducting inorganic particle, optionally further comprising at least one electroactive material and / or at least one conductive agent; and to an electrode comprising at least one fluoropolymer according to the present invention and at least one electroactive material, optionally further comprising at least one conductive agent and / or at least one sulfide-based solid ionic conducting inorganic particle. The present invention also relates to a secondary battery comprising a positive electrode, a negative electrode, and a membrane that is positioned between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, wherein at least one of the positive electrode, the negative electrode and the membrane comprises at least one fluoropolymer according to the present invention, optionally further comprising at least one sulfide-based solid ionic conducting inorganic particle, at least one electroactive material and / or at least one conductive agent.

An electrolyte for a lithium-ion cyclizing battery comprises a glycerol-based ionic liquid and an ammonium-based cyclic ionic liquid. The glycerol-based ionic liquid essentially comprises equimolar amounts of a cation component, consisting of a lithium (Li+)-glycerol complex, and an anion component, consisting of an arsenate ion, a phosphate ion, a sulfonylimide ion, a borate ion, and / or a chlorate ion. The ammonium-based cyclic ionic liquid comprises a cation component, consisting of a piperidinium ion and / or a pyrrolidinium ion, and an anion component, consisting of an arsenate ion, a phosphate ion, a sulfonylimide ion, a borate ion, and / or a chlorate ion. The electrolyte has a lithium concentration greater than or equal to 0.2 mol per liter and less than or equal to 1.6 mol per liter.The electrolyte can be used in batteries that cycle lithium ions and include silicon-containing electroactive materials of the negative electrode.

A particulate electroactive material comprising a plurality of composite particles is provided.SOLUTION: The present invention relates to a particulate electroactive material comprising a plurality of composite particles, the composite particles comprising: (a) a porous-carbon framework comprising micropores and mesopores, wherein the micropores and mesopores have a total volume of from 0.5 to 1. 5cm3 / g; and (b) silicon located at least within the micropores of the porous-carbon framework. It is an active carbon material obtained by pyrolysis of a plant source comprising at least 25wt% lignin on a dry basis followed by activation with steam or carbon dioxide.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

A degasser for at least partially degassing a gas-containing liquid, in particular for a sample separation device, includes a liquid accommodation volume for accommodating the gas-containing liquid during degassing, a negative pressure chamber in which a negative pressure, compared to the liquid accommodation volume, is to be generated, a gas permeable membrane separating the liquid accommodation volume from the negative pressure chamber and arranged so that ultrasound forces at least part of gas of the gas-containing liquid to move through the membrane by a combination of the negative pressure and the ultrasound, and an ultrasound source including an electroactive material and configured for generating ultrasound for actuating the gas-containing liquid and / or the gas permeable membrane.

The invention relates to the field of secondary batteries and the manufacture of cathodes for these batteries. It provides a cathode preparation composition comprising a combination of two aqueous polymeric binding agents for fixing carbon and the electroactive material to the metallic collector. The invention also relates to this mixed binding agent and the use of this composition for preparing a cathode, as well as the cathode itself, which can be used for manufacturing secondary battery cells.

The present invention provides a cathode for electrochemical cells, comprising a combination of electroactive materials and additive active materials in a weight ratio of 85-95%, binders in a range of 3-8% by weight, and conductive diluents in a range of 1-5% by weight. The electroactive materials include lithium manganese iron phosphate (LLMFP), lithium ferro phosphate (LFP), nickel-manganese-cobalt oxides (NMC 111, NMC 532, NMC 622, NMC 811, NMC 9 0.5 0.5), and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA). The additive active materials include lithium cobalt oxide (LCO), lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (NCA), and lithium-ion manganese oxide (LMO). The disclosed cathode enables formation of a high power density electrochemical cell, while maintaining optimal energy density, an extended lifecycle having a high number of charge-discharge cycles.

An electrically conductive composition is provided, comprising a dialcohol cellulose, an electrically active material comprising an electrically conducting polymer and a protease digestible protein.