304 results about "Electroactive materials" patented technology

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

A glassy electroactive prepreg made by generating submicron particles of lithium-ion conducting sulfide glass by providing lithium-ion conducting sulfide glass feedstock material, and subjecting the feedstock material to subzero processing to transform the material into submicron particles can avoid plastic deformation of sulfide glass particles during grinding and produce submicron powders. The prepreg is formed by providing a porous electroactive layer comprising electroactive material, and infiltrating the porous electroactive layer with the submicron particles of lithium-ion conducting sulfide glass. The subzero processing can include cryogenic processing. The prepreg can be used to form glassy embedded electrodes.

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

The invention provides an all-solid-state battery three-dimensional electrode preparation method based on aerosol jet printing, and the method comprises the following steps: constructing a three-dimensional porous frame by using a conductive skeleton material through an aerosol jet printing technology; depositing an active material and a solid electrolyte on the surface of the frame layer by layer to form a gradient distribution layer; generating an interface transition layer by adopting ultraviolet curing or rapid heat treatment; and in combination with a closed-loop feedback control system, deposition parameters are dynamically adjusted. A conductive active material and a solid electrolyte are uniformly distributed on the surface of a three-dimensional porous framework in a layer-by-layer deposition manner through an aerosol jet printing method, and the solid electrolyte and an electrode material form a close contact interface by accurately controlling a jet path, a nozzle diameter and a material deposition rate; the interface side reaction easily caused by traditional high-temperature sintering is eliminated, and the interface impedance is reduced; and furthermore, the transmission efficiency of the lithium ions at the interface is improved through an ultraviolet curing or rapid heat treatment process.

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

A solid electrode includes particles of an electroactive material, a solid electrolyte comprising particles of an ionic conducting compound having at least one halogen element, a conductive carbon, and a coating deposited on the particles of the electroactive material, the particles of the solid electrolyte, or a combination thereof. The coating includes a metal halide, a metal sulfide, a metal phosphide, a metal oxide, a metal selenide, or a combination of two or more thereof. A method for preparing the solid electrode includes milling a mixture of the electroactive material, the conductive carbon, and the solid electrolyte to produce the coated solid electrode material comprising the coating derived from decomposition products of the ionic conducting compound, the coating deposited on the particles of the electroactive material, the solid electrolyte, or a combination thereof.

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms, and methods of producing and operating the same. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode and a cathode material disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode material and the cathode current collector forming a cathode. The electrochemical cell further includes a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, and an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material, the interlayer including a source of lithium ions, the lithium ions configured to migrate toward the anode upon a voltage difference between the interlayer and the anode exceeding a threshold value. In some embodiments, the anode can include an anode material disposed on an anode current collector. In some embodiments, the anode material can include graphite, silicon, and / or hard carbon.

A solvent-free process employs a multifunctional carbon black to prepare compositions and electrodes for lithium-ion batteries. The multifunctional carbon black provides two or more desirable characteristics, acting, for example, as a conductive carbon additive, as a fibrillizing agent and / or as a mechanical reinforcement. In one example, an electroactive material, e.g., graphite or a lithium transition metal compound, a binder and a multifunctional carbon black are combined in one or more steps. High shear mixing is used to process the binder in the presence of the multifunctional carbon black. The resulting composition can be formed into a film which can be applied onto a suitable substrate to produce an electrode.

Methods of making an integrated electrode-separator component for a lithium-sulfur electrochemical cell are provided. A liquid dispersion comprising aramid nanofibers (ANF) is sprayed onto an active material layer comprising at least one electroactive material to form a sprayed layer that defines an integrated electrode-separator component having an interfacial resistance between the sprayed layer and the active material layer of less than or equal to about 10 Ω·cm2. An electrode-separator component and lithium-sulfur electrochemical cell are also provided.

The invention relates to a particulate material and a method for preparing the same. The particulate material is composed of a plurality of composite particles. The composite particle comprises a porous particle skeleton, and the porous particle skeleton comprises micropores and / or mesopores. The total pore volume of micropores and mesopores measured by gas adsorption is in the range of 0.4 to 2.2 cm3 / g. The composite particle includes a plurality of electroactive material domains and a plurality of modified material domains disposed within an internal pore volume of a porous particle backbone. At least a portion of the modified material domains are located between adjacent electroactive material domains.

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

The invention discloses a high-flexibility nano-porous bimetallic copper-nickel alloy-copper-nickel oxide material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of capacitor electrode materials. The material is composed of a copper-nickel-based amorphous alloy and a nano-porous bimetallic copper-nickel alloy-copper-nickel oxide layer. The copper-nickel-based amorphous alloy is used as a middle core layer, so that excellent flexibility is provided for the electrode; nano-porous bimetallic copper nickel-copper nickel oxide layers are arranged on the two sides of the middle core layer and are used for providing an electroactive material for the electrode; the component of the copper-nickel-based amorphous alloy is Ti < x > Ni < x > Cu < 50-x > Zr < 50-x >, the subscript is the atomic percentage of each element, and x is 25-40. The method has the beneficial effects of convenience, rapidness, simplicity and high efficiency. The nickel-copper oxide electroactive material can be prepared only through an electrochemical dealloying one-step method, the synthesis condition is mild, the cost is low, the electrochemical dealloying current is easy to control, and the prepared electrode has high repeatability and reproducibility.

A control surface system for a body located in an air and / or space vehicle. The control surface system having at least one control surface which is located on the body and which, by moving relatively to the body, enables air flow to be controlled and the air vehicle to maneuver accordingly. The control surface system having at least one actuator which is made of an electroactive polymer material which is located on the body and which changes its form depending on electrical energy and based thereon, triggers the control surface.

This invention relates to particulate electroactive materials consisting of a plurality of composite particles, wherein the composite particles comprise: (a) a porous carbon framework including micropores and mesopores having a total volume of 0.4 to 0.75 cm3 / g, wherein the micropore volume fraction is in the range of 0.5 to 0.85 based on the total volume of micropores and mesopores; and (b) silicon located at least within the micropores of the porous carbon framework in a defined amount relative to the volume of the micropores and mesopores.

Batteries, component structures and manufacturing methods, in particular including a glassy embedded battery electrode assembly having a composite material structure composed of interpenetrating material components including a porous electroactive network including a solid electroactive material, and a continuous glassy medium including a Li ion conducting sulfide glass, can achieve enhanced power output, reduced charging time and / or improved cycle life.

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

Exemplary cathode materials include a mixture of an electroactive sulfur material (e.g., S8) and a blended non-sulfur electroactive material comprising two or more non-sulfur electroactive materials, wherein the blended non-sulfur electroactive material is selected such that a discharge voltage profile of the blend of intercalation materials—considered apart from the sulfur electroactive material—has a discharge voltage profile that has substantial overlap with the discharge voltage profile of the sulfur electroactive material. For example, in typical ether electrolytes commonly used in sulfur batteries the discharge voltage profile of S8-Li2S conversion has multiple plateaus (e.g., two plateaus) due to the multistep conversion of sulfur to soluble / intermediate polysulfides (PS) followed by progression to solid or quasi-solid products (e.g., Li2S2 / Li2S). By matching this discharge profile with a provided blend of non-sulfur electroactive materials, the rate and efficiency characteristics of the sulfur cathode can be improved throughout the battery discharge process.

Embodiments described herein relate to removal and addition of coatings from electrodes. In some aspects a method can include suspending an electrode mixture in a solvent, the electrode material including an electrode material and a coating material, agitating the electrode mixture via at least one of sonication or stirring, such that the coating material separates from the electrode material, and separating the electrode material from the conductive material. In some embodiments, the electrode material can include a binder and the solvent can dissolve the binder. In some embodiments, the electrode mixture is from a first electrode, and the method can further include removing a packaging from a battery and separating the first electrode from a second electrode and a separator. In some embodiments, the method can further include regenerating the active material. In some embodiments, the regenerating can include a heat treatment operation.

The invention provides a diaphragm and a secondary battery, and belongs to the technical field of secondary batteries, and the diaphragm comprises a base membrane and a coating. Wherein the coating is arranged on one surface, facing the positive pole piece, of the base film, and the coating comprises an electroactive material and a binder; the electroactive material comprises at least one of a quinone derivative, a phenazine derivative, an imide derivative and a phenothiazine derivative. The electroactive material in the diaphragm coating can be dissolved in the electrolyte after the environment temperature reaches the thermal safety critical temperature, and reacts with the positive and negative active materials, so that the charge state of the battery is quickly reduced, and the thermal runaway of the battery is inhibited or even avoided.

A method of manufacturing a composite structure for a battery that cycles lithium ions includes depositing a positive electrode precursor on a substrate to form a positive electrode layer, compacting the positive electrode layer, depositing a solid electrolyte precursor on the substrate over the positive electrode layer to form a solid electrolyte layer, compacting the solid electrolyte layer on the substrate over the positive electrode layer to form a composite structure, and heat treating the composite structure to sinter the solid electrolyte layer. The positive electrode precursor includes electroactive material particles, solid electrolyte particles, and electrically conductive particles. The solid electrolyte precursor includes solid electrolyte particles.

A battery that cycles lithium ions includes a negative electrode, a positive electrode spaced apart from the negative electrode, and a gel polymer electrolyte disposed between and configured to provide a medium for the conduction of lithium ions between the negative electrode and the positive electrode. The positive electrode includes a high-voltage electroactive material formulated to undergo lithium intercalation and deintercalation. The gel polymer electrolyte includes an aliphatic polyester, a lithium salt, and an ionic liquid. The aliphatic polyester includes a substituted or unsubstituted poly(ethylene carbonate) (PEC). The lithium salt includes lithium sulfonylimide, lithium borate, or a combination thereof. The ionic liquid includes substantially equimolar amounts of a cation and an anion, with the cation including a complex of lithium (Li+) and an ethylene glycol dimethyl ether, an imidazole ion, or a combination thereof, and the anion including a sulfinate ion, a borate ion, or a combination thereof.

Generally described herein are multiphase electroactive materials and associated articles (e.g., electrodes), systems (e.g., electrochemical devices), and methods. In certain embodiments, an electroactive material comprises a first component and a second component that is softer than the first component. The first component and the second component may be intermixed such that the second component is dispersed throughout a bulk of the first component. In some embodiments, the first component comprises a first alkali metal (e.g., metallic lithium) and the second component comprises a second alkali metal (e.g., metallic sodium) and a third alkali metal (e.g., metallic potassium).

Embodiments described herein relate to electrochemical cells with dendrite prevention mechanisms. In some aspects, an electrochemical cell can include an anode disposed on an anode current collector, a cathode disposed on a cathode current collector, the cathode having a first thickness at a proximal end of the cathode and a second thickness at a distal end of the cathode, the second thickness greater than the first thickness, a first separator disposed on the anode, a second separator disposed on the cathode, an interlayer disposed between the first separator and the second separator, the interlayer including electroactive material and having a proximal end and a distal end, and a power source electrically connected to the proximal end of the cathode and the proximal end of the interlayer, the power source configured to maintain a voltage difference between the cathode and the interlayer below a threshold value.

This invention relates to particulate electroactive materials comprising a plurality of composite particles, wherein the composite particles comprise: (a) a porous carbon framework including micropores and / or mesopores having a total volume of at least 0.7 cm3 / g, wherein at least half of the micropore / mesopore volume is in the form of pores having a diameter of no more than 5 nm; and (b) silicon located within the micropores and / or mesopores of the porous carbon framework in a defined amount relative to the volume of the micropores and / or mesopores.

Processes for the production of powder materials are provided, and the resulting powder materials and electrodes are also provided.The processes include providing a starting powder with starting particles, each containing an electroactive material; coating the starting particles with a dopant compound containing a dopant material to define coated particles of an intermediate powder; exposing the coated particles to a reducing agent containing fluorine; and performing a heat treatment on the coated particles while exposed to the reducing agent at an elevated temperature and for a period of time sufficient to cause a solid-state reaction and diffusion of the dopant material into the electroactive material to form a doped region within the electroactive material and thereby define doped particles of a final powder material.The doped area extends at least one nanometer into the electroactive material, and the fluorine reacts with oxides that are formed on the surfaces of the coated particles.

This invention relates to particulate electroactive materials consisting of a plurality of composite particles, wherein the composite particles comprise: (a) a porous carbon framework including micropores and mesopores having a total volume of 0.4 to 0.75 cm3 / g, wherein the micropore volume fraction is in the range of 0.5 to 0.85 based on the total volume of micropores and mesopores; and (b) silicon located at least within the micropores of the porous carbon framework in a defined amount relative to the volume of the micropores and mesopores.

The present invention relates to the field of smart materials technology, and more particularly to a non-sequential three-state rocking mechanism driven by an electroactive material. The mechanism comprises a rotational angle actuator, a boundary controller, and a diamond-shaped driver. The boundary actuator comprises a connecting frame, a flexible beam, and a guide block. The connecting frame comprises a cross-shaped transverse frame and a vertical frame, with the guide block suspended from the transverse frame by a flexible beam. The rotational angle actuator comprises a semi-enclosed frame structure and a pure shear dielectric elastomer film, connected to the guide block via the pure shear dielectric elastomer film. The present invention converts the planar deformation of the dielectric elastomer material into bending deformation of the mechanism. By adjusting the voltage on the pure shear dielectric elastomer film, steady-state control of different rotational angles is achieved, allowing the mechanism to switch between three states under voltage drive.

The present invention relates to a rechargeable and dischargeable battery and a photorechargeable battery based on bismuth material, which sequentially comprises an FTO conductive substrate, an electron transport layer, a photoelectric active layer based on Bi, and a platinum or carbon counter electrode. The electron transport layer is composed of a dense layer of porous oxide and a mesoporous layer of porous oxide, and the porous oxide is TiO2, SnO2, ZnO or Sb2O5. The rechargeable and dischargeable battery can be charged using sunlight, converting light energy into electrical energy for storage, and powering electrical devices in the dark state. The present invention expands the electroactive material system of secondary batteries and provides a solid-state two-electrode photorechargeable battery device, which will greatly promote the practical application of photorechargeable battery devices.