Battery case and battery module

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are a battery case and a battery module. The battery case comprises a top cover assembly, a bottom plate and side plates connected to the bottom plate, wherein an installation cavity is enclosed by the bottom plate and the side plates and is sealed by the top cover assembly; and at least one of the bottom plate and the side plates comprises a vapor chamber structure. The battery case and the battery module provided in the present application have good heat dissipation performance.

Description

Battery housing and battery module

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent applications filed with the Chinese Patent Office on November 17, 2023 with application number 202311556074.9, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on November 17, 2023 with application number 202323133811.2, filed with the Chinese Patent Office on November 17, 2023, and filed with the Chinese Patent Office on November 28, 2023 with application number 202323238140.6. The entire contents of the above applications are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a battery housing and a battery module. Background Art

[0003] The battery casing primarily protects the internal materials. Currently, aluminum is the most common material used in the industry. However, when a large amount of heat is generated within the battery, the aluminum casing alone cannot fully dissipate the heat from the battery module, making the battery module susceptible to thermal runaway.

[0004] A vapor chamber is a phase-change heat transfer element that utilizes the latent heat of a working fluid's phase change to remove heat. It holds great potential as a thermal management solution for dissipating heat in products and equipment. Currently, vapor chambers are primarily used for cooling electronic devices. They offer excellent thermal conductivity, a large heat transfer area, and good temperature uniformity. Their ultra-thin design and adjustable dimensions are ideal for cooling secondary batteries, particularly high-capacity batteries, and have attracted considerable attention from researchers. The performance and lifespan of secondary batteries are closely linked to their operating temperature. Only when operating within the appropriate temperature range can they achieve optimal performance and ensure thermal safety. Excessively high temperatures can easily trigger thermal runaway in battery cells or even battery modules, leading to safety hazards such as combustion and explosion. Excessively low temperatures, on the other hand, reduce the activity of the electrochemical reactions within the battery, resulting in a sharp decline in battery performance.

[0005] In related technologies, researchers applied VC (Vapor Chamber) heat spreaders to battery modules, that is, placing VC heat spreaders between two battery cells; however, this process is very unfriendly to module system assembly, increases process difficulty, and may cause the battery cells to be unstable in the module box. SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

[0006] The present application provides a battery housing and a battery module to solve the above technical problems.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present application provides a battery housing, comprising:

[0008] It includes a top cover assembly, a bottom plate and a side plate connected to the bottom plate, the bottom plate and the side plate form an installation cavity, and the top cover assembly closes the installation cavity, wherein at least one of the bottom plate and the side plate includes a heat sink structure.

[0009] In a second aspect, the present application provides a battery module, comprising:

[0010] A bottom guard plate, wherein a coolant flow channel is provided inside the bottom guard plate, and a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet connected to the coolant flow channel are opened on the surface of the bottom guard plate;

[0011] A plurality of batteries, each of which is mounted on the bottom guard plate, and each of which has a battery housing, wherein a battery cell is disposed inside the battery housing;

[0012] Among them, the battery shell is provided with at least one opening on the side facing the bottom guard plate, and a heat spreader is installed in the opening. One side of the heat spreader is in indirect or direct contact with the bottom guard plate, and the other side of the heat spreader is in indirect or direct contact with the battery cell. Beneficial effects

[0013] The beneficial effects of this application are:

[0014] The battery case provided in the present application is mainly used for accommodating battery cells. Specifically, the heat spreader structure itself has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and efficient heat diffusion capability. The heat spreader structure is used as the bottom plate or the side plate of the battery case. The battery case is formed by the heat spreader, which is in direct contact with the battery cell and directly cools the battery cell to avoid local excessive temperature, so that the entire battery is in a state of temperature balance and thermal runaway is avoided. At the same time, the heat spreader structure is used directly as the battery case, and there is no need to consider the connection method between the heat spreader structure and the battery cell, which reduces the difficulty of the battery assembly process and improves production efficiency. Furthermore, it can also avoid problems such as the instability of the heat spreader structure and the battery cell during assembly, thereby improving the stability of the entire battery.

[0015] The battery module provided in the present application is provided with at least one opening on the shell of each battery. Since a heat spreader is installed in the opening, one side of the heat spreader is in indirect or direct contact with the battery cell, and the other side of the heat spreader is in indirect or direct contact with the bottom guard plate. Therefore, the heat emitted by the battery cell inside the battery can be quickly transferred to the bottom guard plate through the heat spreader, and the heat is taken away by the coolant flow channel inside the bottom guard plate, so that the battery module is in an appropriate ambient temperature to ensure that its electrochemical reaction is fully carried out. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery housing provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0017] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the expansion of the bottom plate and the side plates in FIG1 .

[0018] FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of the first vapor chamber in FIG1 .

[0019] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of the bottom plate in FIG1 .

[0020] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery housing provided in another embodiment of the present application.

[0021] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the expansion of the bottom plate and the side plates in FIG5 .

[0022] FIG7 is a cross-sectional view of the second vapor chamber in FIG5 .

[0023] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of the expanded side panel in FIG5 .

[0024] FIG9 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery housing provided in yet another embodiment of the present application.

[0025] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the expansion of the bottom plate and the side plates in FIG9 .

[0026] 11A and 11B are schematic structural diagrams of a first cover plate provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] 12A , 12B, 12C, 12D, and 12E are schematic diagrams of a conductive member provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present application.

[0028] 13A and 13B are another schematic structural diagram of the first cover provided in one embodiment of the present application.

[0029] FIG14 is a schematic structural diagram of a cover assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0030] FIG15 is a schematic structural diagram of a top cover assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0031] FIG16 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of a battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0032] FIG17 is a perspective schematic diagram of a battery provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0033] FIG18 is a first stereoscopic schematic diagram of a battery housing provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0034] FIG19 is a second schematic perspective view of the battery housing provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] FIG20 is an enlarged view of a portion A in FIG19 .

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 100 - battery housing; 101 - bottom plate; 102 - side plate; 103 - mounting cavity; 105 - first heat spreader; 106 - first outer plate; 107 - first inner plate; 108 - first support protrusion; 108 - first wick; 110 - first cavity; 111 - first protrusion structure; 112 - first long protrusion; 113 - first protrusion; 114 - second heat spreader; 115 - second outer plate; 116 - second inner plate; 117 - second supporting protrusion; 118 - second absorbent core; 119 - second cavity; 120 - second protruding structure; 121 - second long protrusion; 122 - second protrusion point; 123 - third protrusion point; 124 - first plate; 125 - second plate; 126 - third plate; 127 - fourth plate; 128 - fifth plate; 129 - sixth plate; 130 - first portion; 131 - second portion; 134 - third portion; 135 - Fourth part; 136-fifth part; 137-sixth part; 138-first side panel; 139-second side panel; 140-third side panel; 141-fourth side panel; 142-dense area; 143-non-dense area; 144-bending area; 200-cover assembly; 300-top cover assembly; A-accommodation cavity; 210-first cover; 201-sealing plate; 202-bottom cover; 203-edge plate; 204-mounting portion; 2 041-first connecting hole; 2042-second connecting hole; 2043-connecting enclosure; 205-mounting groove; 220-second cover plate; 230-conductive part; 240-cooling medium; 250-sealing ring; 260-first plastic part; 270-pole pressure plate; 280-second plastic part; 290-pole terminal; 10-bottom guard plate; 11-liquid inlet; 12-liquid outlet; 20-battery; 21-opening; 22-heat sink. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0038] The present application provides a battery case. Figures 1 to 10 are schematic structural diagrams of the battery case provided by the present application. The battery case 100 includes a top cover assembly 300, a bottom plate 101, and a side plate 102 connected to the bottom plate 101. The bottom plate 101 and the side plate 102 form a mounting cavity 103. The top cover assembly 300 closes the mounting cavity 103. At least one of the bottom plate 101 and the side plate 102 includes a heat spreader structure. The battery case provided by the present application has good thermal conductivity, can avoid the occurrence of local high temperatures, and has strong deformation resistance and a high safety factor. The battery case 100 will be described in detail below in conjunction with the main drawings.

[0039] Referring to Figures 1, 2 and 5, the battery housing 100 includes a bottom plate 101 and a side plate 102 bently connected to the bottom plate 101, and the bottom plate 101 and the side plate 102 form a mounting cavity 103, wherein at least one of the bottom plate 101 and the side plate 102 includes a heat spreader structure.

[0040] In the technical solution of the present application, the battery shell 100 is mainly used to accommodate battery cells. Specifically, the heat spreader structure itself has a simple structure, low manufacturing cost, and efficient heat diffusion capability. The heat spreader structure is used as the bottom plate 101 or the side plate 102 of the battery shell 100. The battery shell 100 is formed by the heat spreader structure, which is in direct contact with the battery cells and directly cools the battery cells to avoid local excessive temperatures, so that the entire battery is in a state of temperature balance and thermal runaway is avoided. At the same time, the heat spreader structure is used directly as the battery shell 100, and there is no need to consider the connection method between the heat spreader structure and the battery cells, which reduces the difficulty of the battery assembly process and improves production efficiency. Furthermore, it can also avoid problems such as the unreliability of the heat spreader structure and the battery cells during assembly, thereby improving the stability of the entire battery.

[0041] Specifically, in this embodiment, in order to prevent the battery temperature from being too high, the bottom plate 101 of the battery housing 100 adopts a heat spreader structure, and the side plate 102 of the battery housing 100 adopts a bent aluminum shell. The bent aluminum shell has a simple preparation process and good thermal conductivity. Specifically, the bottom plate 101 and the side plate 102 are connected by welding.

[0042] Further, please refer to Figure 3, the heat spreader structure includes a first heat spreader 105. In this embodiment, the first heat spreader 105 serves as the bottom of the battery housing 100. The first heat spreader 105 includes a first outer plate 106, a first inner plate 107, a plurality of first supporting protrusions 108 and at least one first liquid absorbent core 109; the first outer plate 106 and the first inner plate 107 are connected to each other, and a first accommodating cavity is formed between the first inner plate 107 and the first outer plate 106. The plurality of first supporting protrusions 108 are spaced in the first accommodating cavity, so that two adjacent first supporting protrusions 108, the first inner plate 107 and the first outer plate 106 together form a first cavity 110, and the first cavity is used to set a liquid cooling medium. The first liquid absorbent core 109 is set in the first cavity 110 and is used to absorb the liquid cooling medium. When in working state, the bottom plate 101 is vertical. In this state, the first cavity 110 will become a first upper cavity portion and a first lower cavity portion arranged in the up and down directions, and the cooling medium will be concentrated and settled in the first lower cavity portion due to gravity, resulting in the cooling efficiency of the first upper cavity portion being lower than the cooling efficiency of the first lower cavity portion. In order to ensure the cooling efficiency, one end of the first liquid absorbent core 109 is in contact with the side of the first outer plate 106 facing the first inner plate 107, and the other end is in contact with the side of the first inner plate 107 facing the first outer side. In this way, the first liquid absorbent core 109 is located in the first upper cavity portion and the first lower cavity portion at the same time. The first liquid absorbent core 109 can absorb the liquid-cooling medium located in the first lower cavity portion into the body, and transfer the liquid-cooling medium to the first upper cavity portion through its own positional relationship, so that the cooling efficiency of the first upper cavity portion and the first lower cavity portion is basically the same, thereby avoiding excessive local temperature of the battery due to inconsistent cooling efficiency.

[0043] It should be noted that the function of the multiple first supporting protrusions 108 is to support the first inner plate 107 and the first outer plate 106, thereby improving the strength of the first heat spreader 105. In actual application, a lot of heat will be generated during the operation of the battery, and the heat will cause the battery cells to expand. The expansion of the battery cells will squeeze the bottom plate 101, causing the bottom plate 101 to deform. The multiple first supporting protrusions 108 are arranged between the first inner plate 107 and the first outer plate 106, which can improve the strength of the first outer plate 106 and the first inner plate 107, and prevent the first outer plate 106 and the first inner plate 107 from being squeezed and deformed.

[0044] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the material of the first liquid-absorbing core 109 is capillary fiber, and the cooling process of the first heat spreader 105 is as follows: the first liquid-absorbing core 109 absorbs the liquid-cooling medium in the first lower cavity so that the liquid-cooling medium fills the entire first liquid-absorbing core 109, and the first liquid-absorbing core 109 diffuses the liquid-cooling medium in the body into the first upper cavity through its own capillary structure. The liquid-cooling medium in the first upper cavity absorbs heat and is converted from liquid to gas. Since the first liquid-absorbing core 109 continuously transports the liquid cooling medium into the first upper cavity, the liquid-cooled cooling medium squeezes the gaseous liquid cooling medium, and the gaseous liquid cooling medium moves toward the first lower cavity. When the gaseous liquid cooling medium contacts the bottom wall of the first lower cavity (that is, the first outer plate 106, the first outer plate 106 is in contact with the outside world), it is cooled and converted from gas to liquid, and is deposited in the first lower cavity. It is then absorbed by the first liquid-absorbing core 109 again and returned to the first upper cavity for cooling, thereby forming a cooling circulation system.

[0045] Specifically, considering the strength and thermal conductivity of the battery housing 100, the material of the first inner plate 107 and the first outer plate 106 is selected to be metal. Furthermore, in this embodiment, the material of the first inner plate 107 is selected to be copper, the material of the first outer plate 106 is copper, and at the same time, the material of the multiple first support protrusions 108 is also selected to be copper.

[0046] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first outer plate 106 and the first inner plate 107 are connected by welding, and the first chamber is in a vacuum state or close to a vacuum state (the close to vacuum state means that the gas pressure in the first cavity 110 is lower than 1 Pa); the purpose of setting the first chamber to a vacuum state or close to a vacuum state is to avoid leakage when the liquid cooling medium becomes gaseous.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the specific type of the liquid cooling medium is not limited, as long as it can achieve cyclic conversion between gaseous and liquid states. For example, the liquid cooling medium can be water, ethanol, or ethylene glycol.

[0048] During actual application, the heat and expansion of the battery cell will squeeze the battery shell 100. In order to avoid bending and deformation of the bottom, the strength of the bottom needs to be increased. Specifically, please refer to Figure 4. In this embodiment, the first heat spreader 105 also includes a plurality of first protrusion structures 111. The plurality of first protrusions can be arranged on a side of the first inner plate 107 away from the first outer plate 106, or on a side of the first outer plate 106 away from the first inner plate 107. Considering the space utilization problem, when the plurality of first protrusion structures 111 are arranged on the first inner plate 107, the space of the battery cell will be occupied, resulting in a reduction in the size of the battery cell and a reduction in the overall capacity of the battery. In order to avoid the above-mentioned problem, as a preferred embodiment, the plurality of first protrusion structures 111 are arranged on a side of the first outer plate 106 away from the first inner plate 107. In this way, the strength of the bottom plate 101 can be increased without occupying the space of the battery cell.

[0049] During the actual assembly process, the temperature of the middle portion of the bottom will be higher than the temperature of the edge, and the pressure exerted by the battery cell on the middle portion of the bottom plate 101 during expansion will be greater than the pressure exerted on the edge of the bottom plate 101. In view of the need to balance strength and lightness, in this embodiment, please continue to refer to FIG4 , the plurality of first protruding structures 111 include a plurality of first long protrusions 112 and a plurality of first protrusions 113. The plurality of long protrusions and the plurality of first bosses serve as reinforcement structures to reinforce the strength of the bottom plate 101. By providing two reinforcement structures of different shapes, different parts of the bottom plate 101 are reinforced to meet the strength requirements of different parts of the bottom plate 101. Specifically, the plurality of first long protrusions 112 are provided in the middle portion of the bottom plate 101, and the plurality of first protrusions 113 are provided at the edge of the bottom plate 101. Further In particular, considering the need for lightweighting, the extrusion force on the edge of the bottom plate 101 is less than the extrusion force on the middle of the bottom plate 101. Therefore, the size of the third protrusion 123 can be relatively reduced, reducing the weight of the entire bottom plate 101, thereby meeting the lightweighting requirement. More specifically, the length of the second long protrusion 121 is greater than the length of the third protrusion 123. The temperature in the middle of the bottom plate 101 will be higher than the temperature at the edge of the bottom plate 101. The second long protrusion 121 can increase the surface area of ​​the bottom plate 101 and improve the heat exchange capacity of the bottom plate 101. At the same time, the second long protrusion 121 can increase the supporting force of the bottom plate 101, thereby avoiding bending and deformation of the bottom plate 101 due to excessive weight of the battery cell, or thermal expansion of the battery cell squeezing the bottom plate 101, resulting in unevenness or even damage to the bottom plate 101 of the bottom shell.

[0050] It should be noted that the arrangement of the first long protrusion 112 and the first protrusion 113 is not limited, as long as it can meet the strength requirements of the middle part of the bottom plate 101. However, considering that the more uniform the force on the object, the smaller the possibility of local deformation, in this embodiment, please continue to refer to Figure 4. Taking the first direction in Figure 4 as a reference, the second direction is perpendicular to the first direction in the horizontal plane (the first direction is the length direction of the battery shell 100, and the second direction is the width direction of the battery shell 100). The bottom plate 101 includes two first side edges arranged opposite to each other in the first direction and two second side edges arranged in the second direction. A plurality of first long protrusions 112 are arranged along the battery shell. 100 extends in the width direction and is spaced apart in the middle of the bottom plate 101 along the length direction of the battery casing 100. A plurality of first protrusions 113 are provided at both ends of a plurality of first long protrusions 112, that is, a plurality of first protrusions 113 are mainly concentrated near the two second side edges. A plurality of first protrusions 113 are not provided near the two first side edges. Of course, according to actual needs, the two first long protrusions 112 located near the two first side edges can be replaced with a plurality of first protrusions 113, or the two long protrusions can be retained as in the present embodiment. It can be selected according to actual conditions. In this way, the bottom is evenly stressed and local deformation of the bottom is avoided.

[0051] Furthermore, in this embodiment, taking into account the size of the battery cell, the uniformity of the force, the requirements for structural strength, the requirements for lightweighting, etc., the applicant has concluded through repeated research and testing that in the width direction of the battery housing 100, the size of the first long protrusion 112 is b, and the size of the first heat spreader 105 is B, where b=cB, c is a coefficient, 1 / 4≤c≤2 / 3, and in this embodiment, the size of the first heat spreader 105 in the width direction of the battery housing 100 is the width of the first heat spreader 105, and the size of the first long protrusion 112 in the width direction of the battery housing 100 is the length of the first long protrusion 112. Specifically, when the size of the first long protrusion 112 meets the above requirements, the strength of the bottom plate 101 meets the process requirements, and the lightweight meets the process requirements. It should be noted that the width of the first heat spreader 105 is mainly determined based on actual needs and actual application scenarios.

[0052] Continuing with Figure 4 , to improve the cooling efficiency of the first vapor chamber 105 , a plurality of first wicks 109 are provided. These wicks 109 extend along the width of the battery housing 100 and are spaced apart along the length of the battery case. Each first wick 109 is located on one side of a corresponding plurality of first elongated protrusions 112 and a corresponding plurality of first protrusions 113 . Specifically, in this embodiment, the extension direction of the first wicks 109 is the same as that of the first elongated protrusions 112 . Considering cooling efficiency, each group of three elongated protrusions is formed, with a first wick 109 positioned between each two adjacent groups. This arrangement not only ensures the strength of the bottom plate 101 , but also ensures its cooling efficiency.

[0053] In another embodiment, referring to FIG5 and FIG6 , the bottom plate 101 of the battery housing 100 adopts a soaking plate structure, and the side plate 102 of the battery housing 100 also adopts a soaking plate structure to cool the entire battery so that the entire battery is in a uniform temperature state.

[0054] Specifically, in this embodiment, please refer to Figure 7, the heat spreader structure includes a second heat spreader 114, the battery housing 100 adopts the first heat spreader 105 as the bottom plate 101, and adopts the second heat spreader 114 as the side plate 102; the specific structure of the first heat spreader 105 can refer to the above embodiment, and will not be repeated here; the second heat spreader 114 includes a second outer plate 115, a second inner plate 116, a plurality of second support protrusions 117 and at least one second liquid absorbent core 118, the second outer plate 115 and the second inner plate 116 are connected to each other, and the second inner plate 116 and the second outer plate 115 form a second accommodating cavity, and multiple second supporting protrusions 117 are spaced in the second accommodating cavity, so that two adjacent second supporting protrusions 117, the second outer plate 115 and the second inner plate 116 together form a second cavity 119. The second chamber is used to set the liquid-cooling medium, and the second liquid absorption core 118 is set in the second cavity 119 and is used to adsorb the liquid-cooling medium. The specific cooling process of the second heat spreader 114 is the same as that of the first heat spreader 105. Please refer to the first heat spreader 105 and will not be repeated here.

[0055] It should be noted that the material of the second inner plate 116 is metal, and the material of the second outer plate 115 is metal. Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the material of the second inner plate 116 is copper, and the material of the second outer plate 115 is copper. At the same time, the material of the multiple second support protrusions 117 is also copper; the material of the second absorbent core 118 is capillary fiber; the second cavity 119 is in a vacuum state or close to a vacuum state (the close to vacuum state means that the gas pressure in the first cavity 110 is lower than 1Pa).

[0056] During actual application, the heat and expansion of the battery cell will squeeze the battery casing 100. In order to prevent the side panel 102 from bending and deforming, the strength of the side panel 102 needs to be increased. Specifically, please refer to Figure 5. The second heat spreader 114 also includes a plurality of second protruding structures 120. The plurality of second protruding structures 120 can be arranged on a side of the second inner panel 116 away from the second outer panel 115, or can be arranged on a side of the second outer panel 115 away from the second inner panel 116. Considering the space utilization problem, when the plurality of second protruding structures 120 are arranged on the first inner panel 107, the space of the battery cell will be occupied, resulting in a reduction in the size of the battery cell and a reduction in the overall capacity of the battery. In order to avoid the above problem, as a preferred embodiment, the plurality of second protruding structures 120 are arranged on a side of the second outer panel 115 away from the second inner panel 116. In this way, the strength of the side panel 102 can be increased without occupying the space of the battery cell.

[0057] Please continue to refer to Figures 6 and 8. During the preparation process of the side plate 102, a complete second heat spreader 114 is bent multiple times to form the side plate 102. Therefore, a bending area 144 is formed on the side plate 102, and a crease is formed in the bending area 144. The strength at the crease is weaker than the strength at other positions. When the battery cell in the battery shell 100 is heated and expanded, when the expansion force is too large, the side plate 102 is likely to break in the bending area 144. Specifically, in this embodiment, the plurality of second protrusion structures 120 include a plurality of second long protrusions 121 and a plurality of second protrusions 122. The plurality of second long protrusions 121 are arranged in the bending area 144, and the plurality of The second long protrusions 121 are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the battery shell 100 and extend in a direction intersecting the height direction. Multiple second long protrusions 121 can increase the supporting strength of the bending area 144. The bending area 144 needs to be bent, and the crease strength of the bending area 144 is reduced. Multiple second long protrusions 121 can avoid the problem of reduced strength of the side panel 102 due to the presence of the crease; at the same time, multiple second protrusions 122 are provided at both ends of multiple long protrusions to further increase the strength of the bending area 144. The multiple second protrusions 122 can resist the expansion force of the battery cells in the battery shell 100, and avoid the bending area from bending, deformation or even damage.

[0058] It should be noted that the strength of the fold position in the bending area 144 is relatively weak, and the ability to resist the expansion force of the battery cell is relatively poor. The ability of other parts to resist the expansion force of the battery cell is higher than the ability of the fold position to resist the expansion force of the battery cell. Therefore, considering the need for lightweight, the length of the second long protrusion 121 is greater than the length of the second protrusion 122. In this way, it can meet both the stiffness requirements of the side panel 102 and the lightweight requirements of the side panel 102.

[0059] Furthermore, in this embodiment, taking into account the size of the battery cell, the uniformity of the force, the requirements for structural strength, the requirements for lightweighting, etc., the applicant has concluded through repeated research and testing that in the height direction of the battery housing 100, the size of the side panel 102 is A, and in the extension direction of the second long protrusion 121, the size of the second long protrusion 121 is a, where a=dA, d is a coefficient, 1 / 10≤d≤1 / 5. In this embodiment, the size of the second heat spreader 114 in the height direction of the battery housing 100 is the width of the second heat spreader 114, and the size of the second long protrusion 121 in the width direction of the battery housing 100 is the length of the second long protrusion 121. Specifically, when the size of the second long protrusion 121 meets the above requirements, the strength of the side panel 102 meets the process requirements, and the lightweight meets the process requirements. It should be noted that the width of the second heat spreader 114 is mainly determined based on actual needs and actual application scenarios.

[0060] Please continue to refer to Figures 5 and 8. The side panel 102 also includes a non-bending area, and the multiple second protrusion structures 120 also include multiple third protrusions 123. The non-bending area does not undergo bending deformation, so the ability of the non-bending area to resist the expansion force of the battery cell is higher than the ability of the bending area 144 to resist the expansion force of the battery cell. Considering the need for lightweight, the size of the third protrusion 123 can be appropriately reduced. Specifically, in this embodiment, the length of the second long protrusion 121 is greater than the length of the third protrusion 123, and the multiple second long protrusions 121 and the multiple second protrusions 122 are located between the multiple third protrusions 123.

[0061] It should be noted that the size relationship between the second bump 122 and the third bump 123 is not limited and can be set according to actual conditions. For example, in one embodiment, the size of the third bump 123 and the second bump 122 are set to be the same; in another embodiment, in order to increase the ability of the non-bending area to resist the expansion force of the battery cell, the size of the third bump 123 is larger than the size of the second bump 122.

[0062] Please refer to Figures 6 and 8. In order to facilitate the bending of the second heat spreader 114, in this embodiment, the second heat spreader 114 is divided. Specifically, the second heat spreader 114 includes a first plate 124, a second plate 125, a third plate 126, a fourth plate 127, a fifth plate 128 and a sixth plate 129. The first plate 124, the second plate 125, the third plate 126, the fourth plate 127, the fifth plate 128 and the sixth plate 129 are connected end to end in sequence to surround the installation cavity 103; further, the second heat spreader 114 needs to be bent three times before it can be connected end to end. Therefore, There are three bending areas 144 on the second heat spreader 114. Specifically, the first plate 124, the second plate 125, the third plate 126, the fourth plate 127, the fifth plate 128 and the sixth plate 129 are arranged in an array, and the second plate 125, the third plate 126 and the fifth plate 128 all include the bending areas; a plurality of second long protrusions 121 and a plurality of second bumps 122 are arranged in the second plate 125, the third plate 126 and the fifth plate 128, and a plurality of third bumps 123 are arranged in the first plate 124, the fourth plate 127 and the sixth plate 129.

[0063] Further, please continue to refer to Figures 5 and 8. The side panel 102 includes a first side panel 138 and a third side panel 140 relative to each other, and a second side panel 139 and a fourth side panel 141 relative to each other. The second side panel 139 is connected to one side of the first side panel 138 and the third side panel 140, and the fourth side panel 141 is connected to the other side of the first side panel 138 and the third side panel 140. In this embodiment, the first side panel 138 and the third side panel 140 are arranged relative to each other along the second direction, and the second side panel 139 and the fourth side panel 141 are arranged relative to each other along the first direction. Specifically, the second plate body 125 includes a first portion 130 and a second portion 131 connected by a bending connection. The third plate body 126 includes a third part 134 and a fourth part 135 that are bent and connected, and the fifth plate body 128 includes a fifth part 136 and a sixth part 137 that are bent and connected; more specifically, the first plate body 124 and the first part 130 of the second plate body 125 are the first side panel 138; the second part 131 of the second plate body 125 and the third part 134 of the third plate body 126 are the second side panel 139; the fourth part 135 of the third plate body 126, the fourth plate body 127 and the fifth part 136 of the fifth plate body 128 are the third side panel 140; the sixth part 137 of the fifth plate body 128 and the sixth plate body 129 are the fourth side panel 141.

[0064] Please refer to Figures 6 and 8. In order to improve the cooling efficiency of the side panel 102, in this embodiment, the number of the second liquid absorbent cores 118 is multiple. The multiple second liquid absorbent cores 118 extend along the height direction of the battery housing 100 and are spaced apart in a direction intersecting the height direction. The multiple second liquid absorbent cores 118 are located in the first plate body 124 and the fourth plate body 127, as well as between two adjacent plates from the first to sixth plate bodies 129. Specifically, four second liquid absorbent cores 118 are provided in the first side panel 138. The four second liquid absorbent cores are spaced apart, and the distance between no two adjacent second liquid absorbent cores 118 is the same, ensuring consistent cooling efficiency and avoiding the occurrence of local high temperatures; one second liquid absorbent core 118 is provided in the second side panel 139 and is located in the middle of the second side panel 139; four second liquid absorbent cores 118 are provided in the third side panel 140. The four second liquid absorbent cores are spaced apart, and the distance between no two adjacent second liquid absorbent cores 118 is the same, ensuring cooling efficiency. The cooling efficiency is consistent to avoid the occurrence of local high temperature; a second liquid absorbent core 118 is provided in the fourth side panel 141 and is located in the middle of the fourth side panel 141; in this way, the first side panel 138, the second side panel 139, the third side panel 140 and the fourth side panel 141 are all provided with the second liquid absorbent core 118, and different numbers of second liquid absorbent cores 118 are set according to their respective sizes, thereby ensuring that the cooling efficiency of the entire side panel 102 remains basically consistent, avoiding the occurrence of local high temperature, which causes the side panel 102 to deform.

[0065] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 9 and 10, the heat spreader structure includes a second heat spreader 114, the battery housing 100 uses an aluminum plate as the bottom plate 101, and uses the second heat spreader 114 as the side plate 102; the specific structure of the second heat spreader 114 refers to the above embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0066] Furthermore, the side plate 102 has a dense area 142 away from the bottom plate 101 and a non-dense area 143 near the bottom plate 101. The density of the plurality of second protrusion structures 120 in the dense area 142 is greater than the density of the plurality of second protrusion structures 120 in the non-dense area 143. It should be noted that during battery operation, the battery's top cover assembly 300 heats up most rapidly. Since the tabs, connecting tabs, and terminals are located in this area (the dense area 142), the current flowing in this area (the dense area 142) due to current collection will result in a significant temperature rise. Therefore, it is necessary to enhance heat exchange in this area (the dense area 142). By designing the dense area 142 and increasing its heat exchange area, targeted heat dissipation can be achieved, preventing excessive temperatures in this area from causing deformation, bending, or even damage to the battery housing 100.

[0067] Furthermore, considering the temperature rise characteristics and the size of the tabs, connecting pieces, and poles, the applicant, through repeated research and testing, concluded that the surface area of ​​the dense area 142 is S1, and the surface area of ​​the non-dense area 143 is S2, where S1 = e(S1 + S2), e is a coefficient, and 1 / 7 ≤ e ≤ 1 / 2. Specifically, when the dense area 142 and the non-dense area 143 meet the above requirements, the strength of the side plate 102 meets the process requirements, and the lightweight meets the process requirements.

[0068] More specifically, the arrangement of the plurality of second protruding structures 120 in the dense area is not limited. In one embodiment, the distance between two adjacent second protruding structures 120 in the dense area 142 is equal; in another embodiment, the distance between two adjacent second protruding structures 120 in the dense area 142 is equidistant; in yet another embodiment, the plurality of second protruding structures 120 in the dense area 142 are randomly arranged.

[0069] In the present application, the battery housing further includes a top cover assembly 300, which includes a cover plate assembly 200. Referring to Figures 11A and 11B , a cover plate assembly 200 provided in the present application is shown. The cover plate assembly 200 is configured to distribute heat across the battery, and includes:

[0070] The first cover plate 210 has an accommodating cavity A therein. The first cover plate 210 includes a plurality of mounting portions 204 extending through the accommodating cavity A along a first direction Y. The mounting portions 204 are configured to accommodate the post terminals 290.

[0071] The conductive member 230 is located in the accommodating cavity A and at least partially surrounds the mounting portion 204; and

[0072] The cooling medium 240 is filled in the accommodating cavity A and the conductive member 230 .

[0073] Specifically, the first cover plate 210 has a function of uniformizing the temperature near the pole terminal 290 and is applied as a cover plate.

[0074] Furthermore, the accommodating chamber A is a sealed accommodating chamber, and the conductive member 230 and the cooling medium 240 are both located in the accommodating chamber A. The accommodating chamber A has a first height along the first direction Y, and the mounting portion 204 passes through the accommodating chamber, that is, the mounting portion 204 has a side wall arranged along the first direction Y, and the height of the side wall is equal to the first height. The conductive member 230 can, for example, be arranged around the side wall of the mounting portion 204. During the charging and discharging process of the battery, the pole terminal 290 transfers heat to the first cover plate 210 of the cover plate assembly, and the portion of the conductive member 230 close to the pole terminal 290 begins to heat up rapidly. The cooling medium 240 stored in the conductive member 230 absorbs heat energy, and the cooling medium 240 changes from a liquid working medium to a gaseous working medium, and the gaseous working medium fills the accommodating chamber A. The accommodating chamber A includes a heat source zone and a cooling zone (not shown). The heat source zone can be understood as the area within the accommodating chamber A near the terminal 290, while the cooling zone is the area within the accommodating chamber A away from the terminal 290. The heat source and cooling zones have significant temperature variations, meaning the temperature of the heat source zone is significantly higher than that of the cooling zone. The cooling medium 240 (in this case, a liquid) within the conductive member 230 absorbs heat energy in the heat source zone and transforms from a liquid to a gaseous state. The gaseous state rapidly fills the accommodating chamber A, enters the cooling zone, and rapidly condenses. The condensed cooling medium 240 then returns to the vicinity of the terminal 290 through the conductive member 230. After returning to the terminal 290, the cooling medium 240 continues to absorb heat generated by the terminal 290, thereby achieving a gas-liquid cycle, improving heat dissipation performance, and preventing localized overheating of the cover plate assembly 200.

[0075] Preferably, the cooling medium 240 does not completely fill the accommodating chamber A. The accommodating chamber A may have a vacuum space, for example, which depends on actual application.

[0076] Please refer to FIG. 12A . In one embodiment, there are a plurality of conductive members 230 . Each conductive member 230 at least partially surrounds a side wall of the mounting portion 204 away from the pole terminal 290 .

[0077] In one embodiment, the plurality of conductive members 230 are connected to each other; or the plurality of conductive members 230 are arranged at intervals.

[0078] Specifically, each conductive member 230 is at least partially surrounded and adhered to the side wall of the mounting portion 204 away from the pole terminal 290; or, each conductive member 230 is at least partially surrounded and has a gap with the side wall of the mounting portion 204 away from the pole terminal 290 (that is, it is not adhered to the side wall), as long as it does not affect the gas-liquid circulation, the specific details shall be subject to actual application.

[0079] Exemplarily, the number of mounting portions 204 is two, that is, the number of pole terminals 290 is two, and the number of conductive members 230 is also two, for example. The conductive members 230 are, for example, U-shaped, and only part of the conductive members 230 are surrounded and attached (or not attached) to the side wall of the mounting portion 204, and the open side of the U-shape extends toward the conductive member of the other mounting portion 204, wherein the conductive members 230 on the two mounting portions 204 can be connected as a whole or have a certain interval, which shall be subject to actual application.

[0080] In another embodiment, the number n (n≥2) of the mounting portions 204 is not specifically limited. When a single battery cell with multiple pole terminals (n>2) needs to be designed, the corresponding number of mounting portions 204 also needs to be designed to be multiple to ensure that a pole terminal 290 is installed in each mounting portion 204.

[0081] Specifically, the number of conductive parts 230 needs to be arranged and designed according to the number of pole terminals 290. The number of conductive parts 230 can be multiple separate parts or one integrally formed part. Regardless of how the number of pole terminals 290 changes, each mounting portion 204 is surrounded by a conductive part 230, thereby ensuring that the heat generated by each pole terminal 290 can be absorbed by the cooling medium 240 in the conductive part 230, and gas-liquid circulation is carried out, thereby achieving the purpose of heat dissipation and uniform heat distribution.

[0082] Please refer to FIG. 12B , FIG. 12C , FIG. 12D and FIG. 12E . In one embodiment, there are multiple conductive members 230 , and each conductive member 230 surrounds a side wall of the mounting portion 204 away from the pole terminal 290 .

[0083] Specifically, each conductive member 230 is arranged around and adheres to the side wall of the mounting portion 204 away from the pole terminal 290; or, each conductive member 230 is arranged around and has a gap with the side wall of the mounting portion 204 away from the pole terminal 290 (i.e., not adhered to the side wall), which shall be determined according to actual application.

[0084] Exemplarily, the number of mounting portions 204 is two, that is, the number of pole terminals 290 is two, and the number of conductive members 230 is also two, for example. Each conductive member 230 is arranged around and fits (or does not fit) the side wall of the mounting portion 204, and each conductive member 230 also includes an extension member, one end of the extension member is connected to the conductive member 230, and the other end is connected to the extension member of the conductive member 230 of another mounting portion 204.

[0085] Alternatively, the number of mounting portions 204 is two, that is, the number of pole terminals 290 is two, and the number of conductive members 230 is also two, for example, each conductive member 230 is arranged around the side wall of the mounting portion 204, and each conductive member 230 also includes an extension member, one end of the extension member is connected to the conductive member 230, and the other end is spaced apart from the extension member of the conductive member 230 of another mounting portion 204.

[0086] In another embodiment, the number n (n≥2) of the mounting portions 204 is not specifically limited. When a single battery cell with multiple pole terminals (n>2) needs to be designed, the corresponding number of mounting portions 204 also needs to be designed to be multiple to ensure that a pole terminal 290 is installed in each mounting portion 204.

[0087] Specifically, the number of conductive parts 230 needs to be arranged and designed according to the number of pole terminals 290. The number of conductive parts 230 can be multiple separate parts or one integrally formed part. Regardless of how the number of pole terminals 290 changes, each mounting portion 204 is surrounded by a conductive part 230, thereby ensuring that the heat generated by each pole terminal 290 can be absorbed by the cooling medium 240 in the conductive part 230, and gas-liquid circulation is carried out, thereby achieving the purpose of heat dissipation and uniform heat distribution.

[0088] In one embodiment, the conductive member 230 is a capillary structure, and the cooling medium 240 can be disposed in the capillary structure. The conductive member 230 absorbs the cooling medium 240 and conducts the cooling medium to the vicinity of the pole terminal 290 .

[0089] Specifically, capillary structures are primarily designed based on the theory of capillary action, a well-known phenomenon. Capillary action (sometimes referred to as capillary action, capillary motion, capillary rise, capillary effect, or wicking) is the process by which a liquid flows through a confined space without any external force, and even in opposition to external forces such as gravity. This effect can be seen between the bristles of a paintbrush, in a thin tube, in porous materials such as paper and plaster, in some non-porous materials such as sand and liquefied carbon fiber, or even in a biological cell. It occurs due to intermolecular forces between the liquid and the surrounding solid surface. If the diameter of the tube is small enough, surface tension (caused by cohesive forces within the liquid) and adhesion forces between the liquid and the container wall work together to propel the liquid.

[0090] In the present application, a conductive part 230 is provided in the accommodating cavity A based on the capillary phenomenon, and the conductive part 230 has a capillary structure. The capillary structure in this embodiment includes a mixed layer, for example, the capillary structure is obtained by mixing, heating, drying and other treatments on the substances in the mixed layer. Among them, the substances in the mixed layer include a mixture of metal powder and solution, and the metal powder can be a metal powder other than copper, such as titanium, aluminum, magnesium and other metal powders. The metal powder can also be a mixture of multiple metal powders. Alternatively, the substance in the mixed layer can also be a mixture of non-metallic powder and solution, and the non-metallic powder can be, for example, non-metallic powder such as resin. Alternatively, the substance in the mixed layer can also be a mixture of metal powder, non-metallic powder and solution.

[0091] In one embodiment, the cooling medium 240 is a cooling liquid.

[0092] Exemplarily, the cooling medium 240 is, but not limited to, pure water or ethanol. The conductive member 230 is used to realize gas-liquid circulation of the cooling medium 240 in the accommodation chamber A to achieve the purpose of heat uniformity.

[0093] Referring to FIG. 11A , FIG. 13A , and FIG. 13B , in one embodiment, the first cover plate 210 includes:

[0094] The sealing plate 201 and the bottom cover plate 202 are arranged opposite to each other, and the bottom cover plate 202 includes an edge plate 203. The edge plate 203 is protruded from the side of the bottom cover plate 202 facing the sealing plate 201 and is surrounded by the outer edge of the bottom cover plate 202. A accommodating cavity A is formed between the sealing plate 201 and the bottom cover plate 202.

[0095] Specifically, the edge plate 203 is welded to the sealing plate 201 and the bottom cover plate 202 , and the height of the edge plate 203 along the first direction Y is a first height, thereby forming a sealed accommodating cavity A with the sealing plate 201 and the bottom cover plate 202 .

[0096] In any embodiment of the present application, the first cover plate 210 may be made of copper and copper alloys, aluminum and aluminum alloys, stainless steel or other metals and alloys thereof, etc., depending on the actual application.

[0097] Preferably, the sealing plate 201 and the bottom cover plate 202 are made of the same material, such as aluminum.

[0098] Specifically, the materials of the sealing plate 201 and the bottom cover plate 202 can also be metals such as titanium and stainless steel, or composite metal components such as copper-aluminum composite or copper-nickel composite, depending on the actual application. In any embodiment of the present application, the surface of the first cover plate 210 can be sprayed with an insulating layer or provided with an electroplating layer (such as copper plating on stainless steel).

[0099] In one embodiment, the sealing plate 201 is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes 2041 passing through the sealing plate 201 along the first direction Y, and a connecting enclosure 2043 is provided on the side of the sealing plate 201 facing the bottom cover plate 202; a plurality of second connecting holes 2042 passing through the bottom cover plate 202 are provided on the side of the bottom cover plate 202 close to the sealing plate 201; wherein, the first connecting holes 2041 and the second connecting holes 2042 correspond to each other, and the first connecting holes 2041 and the second connecting holes 2042 are connected by the connecting enclosure 2043 to form the mounting portion 204.

[0100] Specifically, the height of the connecting enclosure 2043 in the first direction Y is a first height, that is, the connecting enclosure 2043 is the side wall of the mounting portion 204. The connecting enclosure 2043 is, for example, ring-shaped, and the conductive member 230 is arranged around the connecting enclosure 2043, but the shape of the connecting enclosure 2043 is not limited to a ring-shaped shape, and can also be other geometric shapes.

[0101] For example, the connection enclosure 2043 may also have other geometric polygonal structures, such as a triangle, a quadrilateral, or a pentagon, specifically adapted to the shapes of the first communication hole 2041 and the second communication hole 2042, to form the mounting portion 204. The structure of the mounting portion 204 is generally designed based on the structure of the pole terminal 290. Therefore, it can be understood that in conventional designs, the external structure of the pole terminal 290 also determines the structure of the connection enclosure 2043. For example, in the present application, the pole terminal 290 is a cylindrical structure, so the mounting portion 204 is designed as a circular hole, and the connection enclosure 2043 is annular.

[0102] In another embodiment, the pole terminal 290 can be designed as a polygonal structure such as a triangular prism, a quadrangular prism, or a pentagonal prism. In this case, the connection enclosure 2043 needs to be designed as a polygonal structure such as a triangular structure, a quadrilateral structure, or a pentagonal structure. That is, the specific application shall prevail and no specific restrictions are made in this application.

[0103] Referring to FIG. 14 , in one embodiment, the cover assembly 200 further includes:

[0104] The sealing ring 250 is located in the mounting portion 204 and sleeved on the pole terminal 290 .

[0105] Specifically, the sealing ring 250 has good thermal conductivity and is preferably made of a thermally conductive adhesive. The material and specific type of the sealing ring 250 can be selected according to actual needs, so that the sealing ring 250 has both insulating and thermally conductive properties. Heat in the pole terminal 290 is quickly transferred to the first cover plate 210 through the sealing ring 250. The sealing ring 250 can ensure that the first cover plate 210, which serves as a cover, is insulated from the pole terminal 290, thereby preventing short circuits.

[0106] In one embodiment, the cover plate assembly 200 further includes:

[0107] The first plastic component 260 has a mounting groove 205 on one side of the first cover plate 210 . The first plastic component 260 is located in the mounting groove 205 and abuts against the sealing ring 250 .

[0108] Exemplarily, the mounting groove 205 is provided on the sealing plate 201 and is located on a side of the sealing plate 201 away from the bottom cover plate 202. Specifically, the sealing plate 201 has a protrusion protruding toward the side away from the bottom cover plate 202, and the mounting groove 205 is located on the protrusion. The mounting groove 205 is recessed toward the bottom cover plate 202 to form the mounting groove 205. The first plastic part 260 is installed in the mounting groove 205. Specifically, the first plastic part 260 can also be made of thermally conductive adhesive to facilitate heat conduction from the pole pressure plate 270.

[0109] In another embodiment, the mounting groove 205 is, for example, provided on the sealing plate 201 and located on a side of the sealing plate 201 away from the bottom cover plate 202. The mounting groove 205 is recessed toward the bottom cover plate 202 to form the mounting groove 205, but does not affect the sealing of the accommodating cavity A. The first plastic member 260 is installed in the mounting groove 205. The first plastic member 260 can also be made of thermally conductive adhesive to facilitate heat conduction from the pole pressure plate 270. The first plastic member 260 is, for example, rectangular in shape and adapted to the shape of the mounting groove 205 for installation.

[0110] For example, the shape of the first plastic part 260 can also be a triangle, circle or other geometric structure, and the mounting groove 205 can be a triangle, circle or other geometric structure according to the shape adaptability of the first plastic part 260. The specific shape shall be based on actual application and is not limited in this application.

[0111] The pole pressing plate 270 is located in the first plastic component 260 and is connected to the pole terminal 290 .

[0112] Specifically, the first plastic component 260 has a groove disposed toward one side of the first cover plate 210. The groove is sized to accommodate the pole pressure plate 270, allowing the pole pressure plate 270 to be adaptively mounted within the groove. Simultaneously, one end of the pole terminal 290 passes through the mounting portion 204, the mounting slot 205, and the groove to connect to the pole pressure plate 270.

[0113] Specifically, the shape of the groove can be, for example, a triangular, circular or other geometric structure. The pole pressure plate 270 can be a triangular, circular or other geometric structure according to the adaptability of the groove shape. The specific shape is subject to actual application and is not limited in this application, so that the pole pressure plate 270 can be installed in the groove of the first plastic part 260.

[0114] The second plastic component 280 is connected to the first cover plate 210 and is located on a side of the first cover plate 210 opposite to the mounting groove 205 .

[0115] Specifically, the second plastic component 280 also has a through hole corresponding to the mounting portion 204 , and the pole terminal 290 passes through the through hole and is located in the mounting portion 204 .

[0116] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 15 , the top cover assembly 300 of the present application includes:

[0117] Cover plate assembly 200; and

[0118] The second cover plate 220 is located between the first cover plate 210 and the second plastic component 280 . The second cover plate 220 includes a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface. One of the first surface and the second surface is connected to the first cover plate 210 , and the other is connected to the second plastic component 80 .

[0119] The difference between the cover plate assembly 200 and the top cover assembly 300 is that the first cover plate 210 of the cover plate assembly 200 in this embodiment only has the function of evenly dispersing heat around the pole terminal 290, and does not function as a cover. In another embodiment of the present application, a second cover plate 220 is provided and is disposed below the first cover plate 210, that is, between the first cover plate 210 and the second plastic component 280. The other structures of the top cover assembly 300 are the same as those of the cover plate assembly 200 and will not be repeated here.

[0120] The cover plate assembly 200 and top cover assembly 300 provided herein include at least the following operating process or principle: the cover plate assembly 200 includes: a first cover plate 210 having a receiving cavity A; the first cover plate 210 including a plurality of mounting portions 204 extending through the receiving cavity A along a first direction Y, the mounting portions 204 being configured to receive the terminal post 290; a conductive member 230 located within the receiving cavity A and at least partially surrounding the mounting portions 204; and a cooling medium 240 filling the receiving cavity A and the conductive member 230. During the battery charging and discharging process, the terminal post generates heat, which is absorbed by the cooling medium near the terminal post. The cooling medium changes from a liquid to a gaseous working medium, which rapidly fills the receiving cavity. The gaseous working medium does not absorb heat energy and rapidly condenses. The condensed cooling medium then returns to the vicinity of the terminal post through the conductive member, thereby achieving gas-liquid circulation, improving heat dissipation performance, and preventing localized overheating of the cover plate assembly.

[0121] The present application also provides a battery 20 , which includes the battery housing 100 as described above.

[0122] The present application also provides a battery module. Figure 16 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the battery module provided in an embodiment of the present application. Please refer to Figure 16. The battery module includes: a bottom guard plate 10 and a plurality of batteries 20. Figure 17 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the battery provided in an embodiment of the present application. Please refer to Figures 16 and 17. A coolant flow channel is provided inside the bottom guard plate 10, and a liquid inlet 11 and a liquid outlet 12 connected to the coolant flow channel are provided on the surface of the bottom guard plate 10. Multiple batteries 20 are installed on the bottom guard plate 10, and each battery 20 has a battery shell 100, and a battery cell is provided inside the battery shell 100.

[0123] Figure 18 is a first stereoscopic schematic diagram of the battery case provided in an embodiment of the present application. Please refer to Figure 18, wherein the battery case 100 is provided with at least one opening 21 on the side facing the bottom guard plate 10, and a heat spreader 22 is installed in the opening 21. One side of the heat spreader 22 is in indirect or direct contact with the bottom guard plate 10, and the other side of the heat spreader 22 is in indirect or direct contact with the battery cell.

[0124] In one embodiment, please refer to Figure 16, the planar structure of the bottom guard plate 10 is rectangular. Of course, Figure 16 is only a schematic illustration of the bottom guard plate 10. In other embodiments, the planar structure of the bottom guard plate 10 may also be other shapes, such as circular, elliptical, triangular, pentagonal and other structures.

[0125] In one embodiment, the battery 20 may be a blade battery or a stretchable battery.

[0126] In one embodiment, the number of batteries 20 may be 1, 2, 3, or more than 3, which is not limited here.

[0127] In one embodiment, referring to FIG18 , the battery housing 100 may be an aluminum housing or a copper housing. The battery housing 100 is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. FIG18 is merely a schematic illustration of the battery housing 100 . In other embodiments, the battery housing 100 may be in other shapes, such as a cylinder or a cube.

[0128] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 18 , the shape of the vapor chamber 22 is rectangular. Of course, FIG. 18 is merely a schematic illustration of the vapor chamber 22 . In other embodiments, the shape of the vapor chamber 22 may also be other shapes, such as a circle, a triangle, a pentagon, etc.

[0129] In one embodiment, referring to FIG18 , the opening 21 may be the entire side of the battery housing 100 near the bottom guard plate 10. FIG18 is merely an exemplary illustration of the opening 21. In other embodiments, the opening 21 may be a side of the battery housing 100 near the bottom guard plate 10, with multiple openings 21 on one side, each of which is provided with a heat spreader 22. The number of openings 21 may be one, two, three, or more, and is not limited thereto.

[0130] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 16 to 18, the vapor chamber 22 is located at the opening 21, so that the heat of the battery cell can be transferred to the vapor chamber 22, and then the heat of the vapor chamber 22 is transferred to the bottom guard plate 10, and finally the bottom guard plate 10 takes away the heat.

[0131] Specifically, referring to Figure 16 , the interior of the bottom guard plate 10 is provided with a coolant flow channel. Coolant circulates within the coolant flow channel. When heat is generated by the battery cells, it can be transferred through the bottom guard plate 10 to the coolant. The coolant can flow within the coolant flow channel, dissipating the heat generated by the battery cells, thereby ensuring that the battery cells can operate at a safe temperature. In actual applications, the number of coolant flow channels can be set according to needs, and the number of coolant flow channels can be one, two, three, or more, and is not limited here.

[0132] In one embodiment, Figures 16 and 18 show that the heat spreader 22 is in direct contact with the bottom guard plate 10 to improve the heat conduction efficiency. Of course, Figures 16 and 18 are only schematic illustrations of the heat spreader 22 and the bottom guard plate 10. In other embodiments, the heat spreader 22 and the bottom guard plate 10 may also be in indirect contact.

[0133] In the embodiments of the present application, please refer to Figures 16 to 18. The present application provides at least one opening 21 on the battery casing 100 of each battery 20. Since a heat spreader 22 is installed in the opening 21, one side of the heat spreader 22 is in indirect or direct contact with the battery cell, and the other side of the heat spreader 22 is in indirect or direct contact with the bottom guard plate 10. Therefore, the heat in the battery 20 can be transferred to the heat spreader 22, and the heat spreader 22 then transfers the heat to the bottom guard plate 10, and finally the heat is taken away through the coolant flow channel of the bottom guard plate 10, so that the battery module is in an appropriate ambient temperature to ensure that its electrochemical reaction is fully carried out.

[0134] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 18 , the heat dissipation efficiency of the vapor chamber 22 is greater than the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery housing 100 .

[0135] Specifically, the thermal conductivity of the vapor chamber 22 can be 3,000 to 10,000 W / (mK), while the thermal conductivity of the battery housing 100 is 180 to 450 W / (mK). Therefore, the thermal conductivity of the vapor chamber 22 is much higher than that of the battery housing 100, and the heat transfer rate of the vapor chamber 22 is faster than that of the battery housing 100. Consequently, the heat dissipation effect of the vapor chamber 22 is also better than that of the battery housing 100. By utilizing the difference in thermal conductivity efficiency between the vapor chamber 22 and the battery housing 100, the heat dissipated by the battery cells is quickly transferred to the bottom guard plate 10 below and carried away by the cooling liquid.

[0136] Furthermore, referring to Figures 18 and 19 , the heat dissipation efficiency of the vapor chamber 22 is greater than that of the first side plate 138 and the second side plate 139. Therefore, more heat generated by the battery 20 is transferred to the vapor chamber 22. The vapor chamber 22 quickly transfers this heat to the bottom guard plate 10, which ultimately removes the heat.

[0137] In one embodiment, Figure 19 is a second stereoscopic schematic diagram of the battery case provided in the embodiment of the present application. Please refer to Figures 18 and 19. The battery case 100 wraps the edge of the heat spreader 22 and encloses and defines a accommodating space, and the battery cell is arranged in the accommodating space.

[0138] In one embodiment, by placing the battery cells in the accommodation space enclosed by the battery housing 100 and the heat spreader 22 , the space in the battery pack 20 can be maximized, thereby improving the energy density and capacity of the battery 20 .

[0139] In one embodiment, referring to Figures 18 and 19 , the battery case 100 includes a third side plate 140, a first side plate 138, and a second side plate 139. One side edge of the first side plate 138 is connected to one side edge of the third side plate 140, and the other side of the first side plate 138 wraps around one side edge of the vapor chamber 22. One side edge of the second side plate 139 is connected to the other side edge of the third side plate 140, and the other side of the second side plate 139 wraps around the other side edge of the vapor chamber 22.

[0140] In one embodiment, the third side panel 140, the first side panel 138, and the second side panel 139 can be integrally formed. Here, the bending angle formed between the third side panel 140 and the first side panel 138 is 87° to 93°. The bending angle formed between the third side panel 140 and the second side panel 139 is 87° to 93°. The third side panel 140, the first side panel 138, and the second side panel 139 can be processed by stamping or a bending machine.

[0141] In one embodiment, referring to FIG. 18 and FIG. 19 , one edge of the vapor chamber 22 is welded to the other side of the first side plate 138 , and the other edge of the vapor chamber 22 is welded to the other edge of the second side plate 139 .

[0142] In one embodiment, welding is performed to ensure the airtightness of the battery 20 and prevent leakage of liquid from inside the battery 20 , thereby ensuring the normal operation and service life of the battery 20 .

[0143] In one embodiment, Figure 20 is an enlarged view of a portion A in Figure 19 . As can be seen from Figures 18 and 20 , the vapor chamber 22 is welded to the first side plate 138 . Simultaneously, the vapor chamber 22 is welded to the second side plate 139 .

[0144] In one embodiment, the heat spreader 22 and the first side plate 138 (or the second side plate 139 ) may be connected by gluing, screwing, or clamping, in addition to welding.

[0145] In one embodiment, the heat spreader 22 , the first side plate 138 , and the second side plate 139 may also be integrally formed, which is not a sole limitation herein.

[0146] In one embodiment, the thickness of the heat spreader 22 is 0.3~1.0mm, and the thickness of the battery case 100 is 0.3~1.0mm. For example, the thickness of the heat spreader can be 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, or 0.9mm. The thickness of the battery case 100 can be 0.35mm, 0.4mm, 0.5mm, 0.6mm, 0.7mm, 0.8mm, or 0.9mm. The thickness of the heat spreader 22 matches the thickness of the battery case 100. The thickness of the heat spreader 22 is within the range of 0.3~1.0mm, which can transfer heat from the battery cell to the outside more quickly, thereby improving heat dissipation efficiency.

[0147] In one embodiment, referring to FIG16 , the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid outlet 12 are disposed on the same side of the bottom guard plate 10. Of course, FIG16 is merely a schematic illustration of the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid outlet 12. In other embodiments, the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid outlet 12 are disposed on opposite sides of the bottom guard plate 10.

[0148] In one embodiment, the coolant flow channel and the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid outlet 12 may be independent components. The liquid inlet 11 and the liquid outlet 12 may be fixed to the coolant flow channel by fasteners or adhesives. The fasteners may be, but are not limited to, threaded fasteners such as bolts, studs, or screws. The coolant flow channel, the liquid inlet 11, and the liquid outlet 12 may also be integrally injection molded, but this is not intended to be a limitation.

[0149] In one embodiment, the bottom guard plate 10 having the liquid inlet 11 , the liquid outlet 12 and the coolant flow channel can be formed by extrusion molding and welding.

[0150] In one embodiment, when the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid outlet 12 are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the bottom guard plate 10, the coolant flow channel is arranged along a first direction of the bottom guard plate 10, with the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid outlet 12 respectively located at both ends of the bottom guard plate 10 in the first direction; and / or the coolant flow channel is arranged side by side along a second direction of the bottom guard plate 10, with the liquid inlet 11 and the liquid outlet 12 respectively located at both ends of the bottom guard plate 10 in the second direction, with the first direction being perpendicular to the second direction. In one example, the first direction can be the length direction of the bottom guard plate 10, and the second direction can be the width direction of the bottom guard plate 10. In another example, the first direction can be the width direction of the bottom guard plate 10, and the second direction can be the length direction of the bottom guard plate 10.

[0151] In one embodiment, the shape of the coolant flow channel can be linear, U-shaped, S-shaped, etc.

[0152] Furthermore, in order to better implement the embodiments of the present application, based on the battery module, the present application also provides a battery pack, which includes the above-mentioned battery module. In the battery pack of the present application, the present application provides at least one opening on the battery housing of each battery. Since a heat spreader is installed in the opening, one side of the heat spreader is in indirect or direct contact with the battery cell, and the other side of the heat spreader is in indirect or direct contact with the bottom guard plate, the heat emitted by the battery cell inside the battery can be quickly transferred to the bottom guard plate through the heat spreader, and the heat is taken away by the coolant flow channel inside the bottom guard plate, so that the battery module is in an appropriate ambient temperature to ensure that its electrochemical reaction is fully carried out.

Claims

1. A battery housing, comprising a top cover assembly (300), a bottom plate (101), and a side plate (102) connected to the bottom plate (101), wherein the bottom plate (101) and the side plate (102) enclose a mounting cavity (103), and the top cover assembly (300) closes the mounting cavity (103), wherein: At least one of the bottom plate (101) and the side plate (102) comprises a heat sink structure.

2. The battery casing according to claim 1, wherein: The heat spreader structure comprises a first heat spreader (105), wherein the first heat spreader (105) comprises a first outer plate (106) and a first inner plate (107) connected to each other, a plurality of first supporting protrusions (108) located between the first inner plate (107) and the first outer plate (106), and at least one first liquid absorbent core (109), wherein the first inner plate (107), the first outer plate (106) and the plurality of first supporting protrusions (108) together form a first cavity (110) for arranging a liquid cooling medium, and at least one first liquid absorbent core (109) is arranged in the first cavity (110) and is used to absorb the liquid cooling medium, wherein the bottom plate (101) comprises the first heat spreader (105).

3. The battery case according to claim 2, wherein: The first heat spreader (105) further comprises a plurality of first protruding structures (111), the plurality of first protruding structures (111) being arranged on a side of the first outer plate (106) facing away from the first inner plate (107), the plurality of first protruding structures (111) comprising a plurality of first long protrusions (112) and a plurality of first protrusions (113), the length of at least one of the first long protrusions (112) being greater than the length of at least one of the first protrusions (113), the plurality of first long protrusions (112) extending along the width direction of the battery housing (100) and being arranged at intervals along the length direction of the battery housing (100), the size of the first long protrusions (112) in the width direction of the battery housing (100) being b, and the size of the first heat spreader (105) being B, wherein b=cB, c being a coefficient, and 1 / 4≤c≤2 / 3.

4. The battery housing according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein: The heat spreader structure comprises a second heat spreader (114), the second heat spreader (114) comprises a second outer plate (115) and a second inner plate (116) connected to each other, a plurality of second support protrusions (117) located between the second inner plate (116) and the second outer plate (115), and at least one second liquid absorbent core (118), the second inner plate (116), the second outer plate (115) and the plurality of second support protrusions (117) together enclosing a second cavity (119) for arranging a liquid cooling medium, and at least one second liquid absorbent core (118) is arranged in the second cavity (119) and is used to absorb the liquid cooling medium; Wherein, the side plate (102) includes the second heat sink (114).

5. The battery case according to claim 4, wherein: The heat spreader structure comprises a second heat spreader (114), the second heat spreader (114) further comprising a plurality of second protruding structures (120), the plurality of second protruding structures (120) being arranged on a side of the second outer plate (115) away from the second inner plate (116), the plurality of second protruding structures (120) comprising a plurality of second long protrusions (121) and a plurality of second protruding points (122), the length of at least one of the second long protrusions (121) being greater than the length of at least one of the second protruding points (122), the second heat spreader (114) comprising a bending region (144), the plurality of second long protrusions (121) being arranged in the bending region (144); In the height direction of the battery housing (100), the size of the side plate (102) is A, and in the extension direction of the second long protrusion (121), the size of the second long protrusion (121) is a, wherein a=dA, d is a coefficient, 1 / 10≤d≤1 / 5.

6. The battery case according to claim 5, wherein: A plurality of second long protrusions (121) are arranged at intervals along the height direction of the battery housing (100) and extend in a direction intersecting the height direction; a plurality of second protrusions (122) are arranged at both ends of the plurality of second long protrusions (121); the plurality of second protrusion structures (120) further include a plurality of third protrusions (123); the length of at least one of the second long protrusions (121) is greater than the length of at least one of the third protrusions (123); and the plurality of second long protrusions (121) and the plurality of second protrusions (122) are located between the plurality of third protrusions (123).

7. The battery casing according to claim 6, wherein: The second vapor chamber (114) comprises a first plate body (124), a second plate body (125), a third plate body (126), a fourth plate body (127), a fifth plate body (128) and a sixth plate body (129), wherein: The first plate body (124), the second plate body (125), the third plate body (126), the fourth plate body (127), the fifth plate body (128) and the sixth plate body (129) are connected end to end in sequence to surround the installation cavity (103); The second plate body (125), the third plate body (126) and the fifth plate body (128) all include the bending area (144); A plurality of the second long protrusions (121) and a plurality of the second protrusions (122) are arranged in the second plate body (125), the third plate body (126) and the fifth plate body (128); a plurality of the third protrusions (123) are arranged in the first plate body (124), the fourth plate body (127) and the sixth plate body (129); the second plate body (125) comprises a first portion (130) and a second portion (131) which are bent and connected; The third plate body (126) comprises a third portion (134) and a fourth portion (135) which are connected by bending; The fifth plate body (128) comprises a fifth portion (136) and a sixth portion (137) which are bent and connected; The side panel (102) comprises a first side panel (138) and a third side panel (140) that are opposite to each other, and a second side panel (139) and a fourth side panel (141) that are opposite to each other, wherein the second side panel (139) is connected to one side of the first side panel (138) and the third side panel (140), and the fourth side panel (141) is connected to the other side of the first side panel (138) and the third side panel (140); The first part (130) of the first plate body (124) and the second plate body (125) is the first side plate (138); The second portion (131) of the second plate body (125) and the third portion (134) of the third plate body (126) are the second side plate (139); The fourth portion (135) of the third plate body (126), the fourth plate body (127), and the fifth portion (136) of the fifth plate body (128) are the third side plate (140); The sixth portion (137) of the fifth plate body (128) and the sixth plate body (129) form a fourth side plate (141). The number of the second liquid absorbent cores (118) is plural. The plurality of second liquid absorbent cores (118) extend along the height direction of the battery housing (100) and are arranged at intervals along a direction intersecting the height direction. The plurality of second liquid absorbent cores (118) are located in the first plate body (124) and the fourth plate body (127), and between two adjacent plate bodies among the first to sixth plate bodies.

8. The battery case according to claim 5, wherein: The side plate (102) has a dense area (142) away from the bottom plate (101) and a non-dense area (143) close to the bottom plate (101), and the density of the plurality of second protrusion structures (120) located in the dense area (142) is greater than the density of the plurality of second protrusion structures (120) located in the non-dense area (143); The surface area of ​​the dense area (142) is S1, and the surface area of ​​the non-dense area (143) is S2, wherein S1=e(S1+S2), e is a coefficient, and 1 / 7≤e≤1 / 2.

9. The battery casing according to claim 8, wherein: The distance between two adjacent second protrusion structures (120) located in the dense area (142) is equal; or, The distance between two adjacent second protrusion structures (120) located in the dense area (142) is equidistantly variable; or, The plurality of second protrusion structures (120) located in the dense area (142) are arranged irregularly.

10. The battery casing according to claim 1, wherein: The top cover assembly (300) comprises a cover plate assembly (200), and the cover plate assembly (200) comprises: A first cover plate (210) having an accommodation cavity therein; the first cover plate (210) comprises a plurality of mounting portions (204) penetrating the accommodation cavity along a first direction, the mounting portions (204) being configured to accommodate a pole terminal (290); a conductive member (230), located in the accommodating cavity and at least partially surrounding the mounting portion (204); and A cooling medium (240) is filled in the accommodating cavity and the conducting member (230).

11. The battery case according to claim 10, wherein: There are a plurality of the conductive members (230), and each conductive member (230) is at least partially disposed around a side wall of the mounting portion (204) away from the pole terminal (290); The plurality of conductive members (230) are connected to each other, or the plurality of conductive members (230) are arranged at intervals.

12. The battery case according to claim 10, wherein: The conductive element (230) is a capillary structure, and the cooling medium (240) is filled in the capillary structure.

13. The battery case according to claim 10, wherein: The first cover plate (210) comprises: A sealing plate (201) and a bottom cover plate (202) are arranged opposite to each other, the bottom cover plate (202) comprising an edge plate (203), the edge plate (203) being protruding from a side of the bottom cover plate (202) facing the sealing plate (201) and surrounding an outer edge of the bottom cover plate (202), the accommodating cavity being formed between the sealing plate (201) and the bottom cover plate (202).

14. The battery case according to claim 13, wherein: The sealing plate (201) is provided with a plurality of first connecting holes (2041) penetrating the sealing plate (201) along the first direction, and a connecting enclosure (2043) is provided on the side of the sealing plate (201) facing the bottom cover plate (202); a plurality of second connecting holes (2042) penetrating the bottom cover plate (202) are provided on the side of the bottom cover plate (202) close to the sealing plate (201); wherein the first connecting holes (2041) and the second connecting holes (2042) correspond to each other, and the first connecting holes (2041) and the second connecting holes (2042) are connected via the connecting enclosure (2043) to form the mounting portion (204).

15. The battery case according to claim 10, wherein: The cover plate assembly (200) further comprises: A sealing ring (250) is located in the mounting portion (204) and sleeved on the pole terminal (290); A first plastic part (260), wherein one side of the first cover plate (210) is provided with a mounting groove (205), and the first plastic part (260) is located in the mounting groove (205) and abuts against the sealing ring (250); A pole pressing plate (270), located in the first plastic part (260) and connected to the pole terminal (290); and The second plastic component (280) is connected to the first cover plate (210) and is located on a side of the first cover plate (210) opposite to the mounting groove (205).

16. The battery case according to claim 10, wherein: The top cover assembly (300) further includes: The second cover plate (220) is located between the first cover plate (210) and the second plastic part (280), the second cover plate (220) comprising a first surface and a second surface opposite to the first surface, one of the first surface and the second surface being connected to the first cover plate (210), and the other being connected to the second plastic part (280).

17. A battery module, comprising: A bottom guard plate (10), wherein a coolant flow channel is provided inside the bottom guard plate (10), and a liquid inlet (11) and a liquid outlet (12) connected to the coolant flow channel are provided on the surface of the bottom guard plate (10); A plurality of batteries (20), the plurality of batteries (20) being mounted on the bottom guard plate (10), each of the batteries (20) having a battery housing (100), and a battery cell being arranged inside the battery housing (100); The battery housing (100) is provided with at least one opening (21) on a side facing the bottom guard plate (10), a heat spreader (22) is installed in the opening (21), one side of the heat spreader (22) is in indirect or direct contact with the bottom guard plate (10), and the other side of the heat spreader (22) is in indirect or direct contact with the battery cell.

18. The battery module according to claim 17, wherein: The heat dissipation efficiency of the heat diffusion plate (22) is greater than the heat dissipation efficiency of the battery housing (100).

19. The battery module according to claim 17, wherein: The battery housing (100) wraps around the edge of the heat spreader (22) and encloses and defines a receiving space, and the battery cell is arranged in the receiving space.

20. The battery module according to claim 18, wherein: The battery housing (100) comprises a first side plate (138), a second side plate (139) and a third side plate (140); One side edge of the first side plate (138) is connected to one side edge of the third side plate (140), and the other side of the first side plate (138) wraps around one side edge of the heat spreader (22); One side edge of the second side plate (139) is connected to the other side edge of the third side plate (140), and the other side of the second side plate (139) wraps around the other side edge of the heat spreader (22).

21. The battery module according to claim 20, wherein: One side edge of the heat spreader (22) is welded to the other side of the first side plate 138, and the other side edge of the heat spreader (22) is welded to the other side edge of the second side plate (139).

22. The battery module according to claim 17, wherein: The thickness of the heat spreader (22) is 0.3-1.0 mm.

23. The battery module according to any one of claims 17 to 22, wherein: The liquid inlet (11) and the liquid outlet (12) are arranged on the same side of the bottom guard plate (10); or The liquid inlet (11) and the liquid outlet (12) are respectively arranged on opposite sides of the bottom guard plate 10; the coolant flow channel is arranged along a first direction of the bottom guard plate (10), and the liquid inlet (11) and the liquid outlet (12) are respectively located at two ends of the bottom guard plate (10) in the first direction; and / or the coolant flow channel is arranged side by side along a second direction of the bottom guard plate (10), and the liquid inlet (11) and the liquid outlet (12) are respectively located at two ends of the bottom guard plate (10) in the second direction; The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

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