Power supply circuit and power supply method

Abstract

The present application provides a power supply circuit. The power supply circuit is arranged between a battery and a load unit of an electronic device, and comprises a switched capacitor converter and a switch circuit, the switched capacitor converter has a first port connected to the load unit and a charging interface of the electronic device, and a second port connected to the battery; the switch circuit is used for controlling, in a discharging mode of the battery, the switched capacitor converter to step-up a first voltage to a second voltage so as to supply power to the load unit, the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage being X; and the switch circuit is further used for controlling, in a charging mode of the battery, the switched capacitor converter to step-down a third voltage provided by the charging interface to a fourth voltage so as to charge the battery, wherein the ratio of the fourth voltage to the third voltage is Y, and the product of X and Y is not equal to 1. The technical solution provided by the present application integrates a charging unit and a discharging unit of the battery, can realize voltage step-up and step down with various transformation ratios, increases the utilization rates of a switch and a circuit, and reduces costs.

Description

Power supply circuit and power supply method

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the China Patent Office on November 16, 2023, with application number 202311532906.3 and application name “Power Supply Circuit and Power Supply Method”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of charging and discharging technology, and more particularly, to a power supply circuit and a power supply method. Background Art

[0003] With the increasing application of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and fifth-generation mobile networks (5G), people are becoming increasingly dependent on their devices, and the need to recharge their devices during fragmented time is growing. The emergence of fast charging technology has alleviated this contradiction.

[0004] The energy density of new process batteries such as silicon negative electrodes is higher than that of traditional graphite batteries. Its power gain comes from the discharge characteristics in the low-voltage area (battery voltage is less than 3.2V), and as the silicon doping concentration increases, the discharge voltage continues to drop, even to 2.5V, effectively improving the battery's energy density, allowing terminal equipment to provide more battery capacity in the same volume. However, in existing charging and discharging solutions, an additional boost circuit module (independent of the existing power supply circuit) needs to be added to solve the discharge problem of silicon negative electrode batteries when the battery voltage is in the low-voltage area. This not only makes the circuit more complicated, but also increases the cost.

[0005] Therefore, how to construct a resource-saving power supply circuit is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present application provides a power supply circuit and a power supply method, which integrate the charging unit and the discharging unit of the battery, can achieve a variety of voltage step-up and step-down ratios, improve the utilization rate of the switch and the utilization rate of the peripheral circuit, and at the same time improve the integration of the terminal equipment and reduce the cost.

[0008] In a first aspect, a power supply circuit is provided, which is arranged between a battery and a load unit of an electronic device, the power supply circuit comprising: a switched capacitor converter, comprising a first port and a second port, the first port being connected to the load unit and a charging interface of the electronic device, and the second port being connected to the battery; a switching circuit, configured to control the switched capacitor converter to boost a first voltage to a second voltage in a discharge mode of the battery to power the load unit, wherein the first voltage is the voltage of the second port in the discharge mode, the second voltage is the voltage of the first port in the discharge mode, and the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage is X; the switching circuit is further configured to control the switched capacitor converter to step down a third voltage provided by the charging interface to a fourth voltage in a charging mode of the battery to charge the battery, wherein the third voltage is the voltage of the first port in the charging mode, the fourth voltage is the voltage of the second port in the charging mode, and the ratio of the fourth voltage to the third voltage is Y, and the product of X and Y is not equal to 1.

[0009] The present application provides a power supply circuit that integrates the charging unit and the discharging unit of a battery, which can achieve step-up and step-down of voltages with multiple transformation ratios, thereby improving the utilization rate of switches and peripheral circuits, and at the same time improving the integration of terminal equipment and reducing costs.

[0010] X is greater than 0, and Y is greater than 0. Exemplarily, 1<X≤2, for example, X may be equal to 3 / 2, 4 / 3, or 2, and Y may be equal to 1 / 2, 2 / 3, or 1 / 4.

[0011] The charging interface is used to provide an initial charging voltage. The initial charging voltage may be a DC bus voltage (VBUS) or an initial charging voltage provided by an external power source. For example, the charging interface may be connected to an external power source, which may be an adapter, a mobile power source, a charger, a power bank, and the like, without limitation. The adapter is used to convert power from a power outlet to a power specification and connector type suitable for a specific device. For example, it may be various types of chargers, such as a universal serial bus (USB) charger, an electric bicycle charger, a car charger, a laptop charger, a mobile phone charger, and the like.

[0012] It should be understood that in the discharge mode of the battery, the battery voltage is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, that is, the battery is in a low-voltage discharge region. In the charge mode of the battery, the battery voltage is greater than the second preset threshold, that is, the battery is in a high-voltage charge region.

[0013] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the switched capacitor converter further includes: a first series branch, including a first switch, a first capacitor, a second switch, a first connection point, and a second connection point, wherein the first switch, the first capacitor, and the second switch are connected in series, the first connection point is located between the first switch and the first capacitor, and the second connection point is located between the first capacitor and the second switch; a second series branch, including a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, a third connection point, a fourth connection point, and a fifth connection point, wherein the third switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch are connected in series, and the third connection point is located between the first capacitor and the second switch. between the third switch and the fourth switch, the fourth connection point is located between the fourth switch and the fifth switch, and the fifth connection point is located on the side of the fifth switch opposite to the fourth connection point; the sixth switch is connected between the sixth connection point and the fourth connection point, and the sixth connection point is located on the side of the sixth switch opposite to the second connection point; the second capacitor is connected between the third connection point and the fifth connection point; the seventh switch is connected between the first connection point and the fifth connection point; wherein the first port is connected to the first switch and the third switch, and the second port is set between the fourth connection point and the sixth connection point.

[0014] The switching circuit is configured to control the switched capacitor converter to alternately operate between a first operating state and a second operating state to boost the first voltage to the second voltage. In the first operating state, the first, sixth, third, and fifth switches are turned on, and the second, fourth, and seventh switches are turned off. In the second operating state, the first, sixth, third, and fifth switches are turned off, and the second, fourth, and seventh switches are turned on.

[0015] When the circuit operates in steady state, the first and second operating states alternate for 50% of the time. The first and second capacitors charge in the first operating state and discharge in the second operating state, thus satisfying charge conservation. The switched capacitor converter can achieve a 3:2 input-to-output voltage ratio for step-down conversion. When the switched capacitor converter operates in reverse, with the input and output terminals swapped, a 2:3 input-to-output voltage ratio can be achieved, enabling step-up conversion.

[0016] The present application provides a power supply circuit, which adds a seventh switch on the basis of a traditional switched capacitor converter, and can realize that in a first working state, the first capacitor is connected to the input end and the output end, and the second capacitor is connected to the input end and the output end. In a second working state, one end of the first capacitor is grounded, and the other end is connected in series with the second capacitor and then connected to the output end, which can realize a step-up conversion with a voltage ratio of 2:3 between the input end and the output end or a step-down conversion with a voltage ratio of 3:2 between the input end and the output end.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the switched capacitor converter further includes: an eighth switch connected between the first connection point and the sixth connection point; and a ninth switch connected in series with the second series branch through the fifth connection point.

[0018] The switching circuit is configured to control the switched capacitor converter to alternately operate between a first operating state and a second operating state to boost the first voltage to the second voltage. In the first operating state, the first, sixth, third, and fifth switches are turned on, and the second, fourth, seventh, eighth, and ninth switches are turned off. In the second operating state, the first, sixth, third, fifth, eighth, and ninth switches are turned off, and the second, fourth, and seventh switches are turned on.

[0019] When the circuit operates in steady state, the first and second operating states alternate for 50% of the time. The first and second capacitors charge in the first operating state and discharge in the second operating state, thus satisfying charge conservation. The switched capacitor converter can achieve a 3:2 input-to-output voltage ratio for step-down conversion. When the switched capacitor converter operates in reverse, with the input and output terminals swapped, a 2:3 input-to-output voltage ratio can be achieved, enabling step-up conversion.

[0020] At the same time, after adding the eighth switch and the ninth switch, the switched capacitor converter can form a two-phase staggered parallel 2:1 circuit, which can achieve a step-up conversion with a voltage ratio of 1:2 between the input and output ends or a step-down conversion with a voltage ratio of 2:1 between the input and output ends.

[0021] It should be understood that the present application does not limit the specific type of switch. For example, the first to ninth switches may be transistors. The present application also does not limit the specific number of switches. For example, the first switch may include multiple switches.

[0022] In some possible implementations, the first capacitor and the second capacitor may be flying capacitors.

[0023] In the power supply circuit provided in the present application, the switched capacitor converter can further include more switches and capacitors to achieve a wider range of voltage transformation ratios. For example, in the high-voltage charging region of the battery, the initial charging voltage provided by the charging interface is stepped down by the switched capacitor converter at a ratio of 4:1 to charge the battery, while in the low-voltage discharge region, the battery is stepped up by the switched capacitor converter at a ratio of 2:3 to power the load unit. The above examples should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0024] The present application provides a power supply circuit that integrates the charging unit and the discharging unit of a battery, which can achieve step-up and step-down of voltages with multiple transformation ratios, thereby improving the utilization rate of switches and peripheral circuits, and at the same time improving the integration of terminal equipment and reducing costs.

[0025] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, in a discharge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is less than or equal to a first preset threshold, and in a charge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0026] It should be understood that the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold can be the same value. Exemplarily, the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are equal to M, and the voltage less than or equal to M can be divided into the low-voltage discharge area and low-voltage charging area of ​​the battery (referred to as the low-voltage area), and the voltage greater than M can be divided into the high-voltage charging area and high-voltage discharge area of ​​the battery (referred to as the high-voltage area), for example 2.5V≤M≤3.5V, M can be 3.1V, 3.3V or 2.7V, etc. The specific division value should not be understood as a limitation to this application. In the discharge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is less than or equal to 3.2V, and in the charging mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is greater than 3.2V.

[0027] The first preset threshold and the second preset threshold may also be different values. For example, the first preset threshold is 3.2V and the second preset threshold is 3.5V. Voltages less than or equal to 3.2V are classified as the battery's low-voltage discharge region, and voltages greater than 3.2V are classified as the battery's high-voltage discharge region; voltages greater than 3.5V are classified as the battery's high-voltage charge region, and voltages less than or equal to 3.5V are classified as the battery's low-voltage charge region. In the battery's discharge mode, the battery's voltage is less than or equal to 3.2V, and in the battery's charge mode, the battery's voltage is greater than 3.5V.

[0028] In combination with the first aspect, in some implementations of the first aspect, the switching circuit is further used to control the battery to directly power the load unit without passing through the switched capacitor converter when the voltage of the battery is greater than the first preset threshold.

[0029] It should be understood that when the voltage of the battery is greater than the first preset threshold value and the battery is in the high-voltage discharge region, the battery can directly power the load unit without boosting the voltage to power the load unit. Therefore, when the battery is in the high-voltage discharge region, the switching circuit can control the battery not to pass through the switched capacitor converter.

[0030] The present application provides a power supply circuit that integrates the charging unit and the discharging unit of a battery, and can achieve voltage step-up and voltage step-down with multiple ratios. At the same time, when the battery is in the high-voltage discharge area, the switching circuit can control the battery to directly power the load unit without the need to boost the voltage to power the load unit, thereby improving the flexibility of the circuit.

[0031] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the switching circuit includes a tenth switch and an eleventh switch, the tenth switch is arranged between the first port and the load unit, and the second switch is arranged between the load unit and the second port, and the switching circuit is used to turn off the tenth switch and turn on the eleventh switch, so that the battery directly powers the load unit.

[0032] Exemplarily, the third port is located between the tenth switch and the eleventh switch, and the load unit is connected to the tenth switch and the eleventh switch respectively through the third port. When the battery is in the high-voltage discharge region, the tenth switch is turned off and the eleventh switch is turned on. The battery then powers the load unit directly through the circuit where the eleventh switch is located, bypassing the switched capacitor converter.

[0033] The present application provides a power supply circuit that integrates the charging unit and the discharging unit of a battery, can achieve voltage step-up and voltage step-down with multiple ratios, and can realize battery charging and discharging by turning on and off the tenth switch and the eleventh switch according to actual charging needs, thereby improving the utilization rate of the switches and the utilization rate of the peripheral circuits, while improving the integration of the terminal equipment and reducing the cost.

[0034] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the switching circuit is further used to turn on the tenth switch and turn off the eleventh switch to control the switched capacitor converter to boost the first voltage to the second voltage to power the load unit.

[0035] For example, when the battery is in a low-voltage discharge region, the switch circuit may control the tenth switch to be turned on and the eleventh switch to be turned off, and the battery is boosted by the switched capacitor converter to supply power to the load unit.

[0036] The present application provides a power supply circuit that integrates the charging unit and the discharging unit of a battery, can achieve voltage step-up and voltage step-down with multiple ratios, and can realize battery charging and discharging by turning on and off the tenth switch and the eleventh switch according to actual charging needs, thereby improving the utilization rate of the switches and the utilization rate of the peripheral circuits, while improving the integration of the terminal equipment and reducing the cost.

[0037] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the power supply circuit also includes a protection circuit, which is arranged between the charging interface and the first port, and the protection circuit is used to disconnect the connection between the charging interface and the first port when the charging voltage provided by the charging interface is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0038] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, the negative electrode of the battery is doped with silicon.

[0039] Illustratively, the battery may be a silicon anode battery.

[0040] In a second aspect, a terminal device is provided, comprising a battery, a load unit, a charging interface, and the power supply circuit described in the first aspect and any possible implementation of the first aspect.

[0041] In a third aspect, a power supply method is provided, which is applied to a power supply circuit, wherein the power supply circuit is arranged between a battery and a load unit of an electronic device, and the power supply circuit includes a switched capacitor converter, the switched capacitor converter including a first port and a second port, the first port being connected to the load unit and a charging interface of the electronic device, and the second port being connected to the battery. The method includes: in a discharge mode of the battery, controlling the switched capacitor converter to boost a first voltage to a second voltage to power the load unit, the first voltage being the voltage of the second port in the discharge mode, the second voltage being the voltage of the first port in the discharge mode, and the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage being X; and in a charging mode of the battery, controlling the switched capacitor converter to step down a third voltage provided by the charging interface to a fourth voltage to charge the battery, the third voltage being the voltage of the first port in the charging mode, the fourth voltage being the voltage of the second port in the charging mode, the ratio of the fourth voltage to the third voltage being Y, and the product of X and Y being not equal to 1.

[0042] In combination with the third aspect, in some implementations of the third aspect, the switched capacitor converter further includes a first series branch, including a first switch, a first capacitor, a second switch, a first connection point, and a second connection point, wherein the first switch, the first capacitor, and the second switch are connected in series, the first connection point is located between the first switch and the first capacitor, and the second connection point is located between the first capacitor and the second switch; and a second series branch, including a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, a third connection point, a fourth connection point, and a fifth connection point, wherein the third switch, the fourth switch, and the fifth switch are connected in series, and the third connection point is located between the third switch and the first capacitor. A first connection point is located between the first switch and the fourth switch, the fourth connection point is located between the fourth switch and the fifth switch, and the fifth connection point is located on the side of the fifth switch opposite to the fourth connection point; a sixth switch is connected between the sixth connection point and the fourth connection point, and the sixth connection point is located on the side of the sixth switch opposite to the second connection point; a second capacitor is connected between the third connection point and the fifth connection point; and a seventh switch is connected between the first connection point and the fifth connection point; wherein the first port is connected to the first switch and the third switch, and the second port is set between the fourth connection point and the sixth connection point.

[0043] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, the switched capacitor converter further includes an eighth switch connected between the first connection point and the sixth connection point; and a ninth switch connected in series with the second series branch through the fifth connection point.

[0044] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, in a discharge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is less than or equal to a first preset threshold value, and in a charge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is greater than a second preset threshold value.

[0045] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, the method further includes: when the voltage of the battery is greater than the first preset threshold, controlling the battery to directly power the load unit without passing through the switched capacitor converter.

[0046] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, the switching circuit includes a tenth switch and an eleventh switch, the tenth switch is arranged between the first port and the load unit, and the second switch is arranged between the load unit and the second port, and the controlling the battery to directly power the load unit without passing through the switched capacitor converter includes: turning off the tenth switch and turning on the eleventh switch.

[0047] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, controlling the switched capacitor converter to boost the first voltage to the second voltage includes: turning on the tenth switch and turning off the eleventh switch to control the switched capacitor converter to boost the first voltage to the second voltage to power the load unit.

[0048] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, the power supply circuit also includes a protection circuit, which is arranged between the charging interface and the first port, and the protection circuit is used to disconnect the connection between the charging interface and the first port when the charging voltage provided by the charging interface is greater than a second preset threshold.

[0049] In combination with the third aspect, in certain implementations of the third aspect, the negative electrode of the battery is doped with silicon. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0050] FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a working circuit of an electronic device.

[0051] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a working circuit of another electronic device.

[0052] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 2:1.

[0053] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of another switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 2:1.

[0054] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 4:1 or 2:1.

[0055] FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing the working state of a switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 4:1.

[0056] FIG7 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of a switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 2:1.

[0057] FIG8 is an exemplary structural diagram of a working circuit of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0058] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0059] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of another switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0060] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application in different working states.

[0061] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of another switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0062] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application in working state 1. FIG.

[0063] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application in working state 2.

[0064] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of another working circuit of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0065] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of another working circuit of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0066] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of different working states of a power supply circuit provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0068] In the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described in this application as "exemplary" should not be construed as preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete way.

[0069] The business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field will know that with the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0070] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in yet other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0071] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "more" means two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can mean: including the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0072] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, some definitions involved in the present application are first briefly explained.

[0073] 1. Flying capacitor: Flying capacitor can replace inductor to store energy and transfer it from input to output.

[0074] 2. Dickson: A classic switched capacitor converter topology type, named Dickson.

[0075] 3. Energy density: refers to the energy stored in an object per unit volume. It is a physical quantity that describes the density of stored energy.

[0076] With the increasing adoption of artificial intelligence, the Internet of Things, and fifth-generation mobile networks (5G), people are becoming increasingly dependent on their devices, leading to a growing demand for charging their devices during fragmented time. The advent of fast charging technology has alleviated this conflict. In the voltage conversion circuits of fast charging technology, capacitor-based step-down switching converters have gained widespread adoption due to their simple operating logic, high efficiency, lack of inductors, and compact solution size.

[0077] In addition, new process batteries such as silicon negative electrodes are becoming more and more popular, and their energy density is higher than that of traditional graphite batteries. Its power gain comes from the discharge characteristics in the low-voltage area (battery voltage is less than 3.2V), and as the doping concentration of silicon increases, the discharge voltage continues to drop, and can even be reduced to 2.5V, which effectively improves the energy density of the battery, allowing the terminal equipment to provide more battery capacity in the same volume. However, in the existing charging and discharging scheme, it is necessary to add an additional boost circuit module (independent of the existing power supply circuit) to solve the discharge problem of silicon negative electrode batteries when the battery voltage is below 3.2V. This not only makes the circuit very complicated, but also increases the cost.

[0078] FIG1 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a working circuit of an electronic device.

[0079] The electronic device includes various types of devices that can be charged, such as mobile phones, laptops, tablet computers, smart watches, smart speakers, electric cars or electric bicycles.

[0080] The working circuit includes two independent charging units (a first charging unit and a second charging unit), two independent discharging units (a first discharging unit and a second discharging unit), a battery, and a load unit. The load unit can be a short-range communication chip, such as an electronic chip with integrated wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) functionality, or a near-field communication (NFC) chip, a central processing unit (CPU), or other processors. The first charging unit is typically a main charger integrated circuit (Main Charger IC), typically a directive current to directive current (DC-DC) conversion circuit containing an inductor, including but not limited to a buck converter (Buck), a boost converter (Boost), or a buck-boost converter (Buck-Boost). The second charging unit is typically a sub-charger IC, typically a switched capacitor conversion circuit, including but not limited to a 2:1 switched capacitor (SC), a 3:1 SC, a 4:1 SC, or a 4:2 SC, where 2:1 refers to the ratio of input voltage to output voltage, and the others are similar.

[0081] To enable silicon anode batteries to discharge in low-voltage regions, modifying the input voltage range of the load unit requires significant changes and is costly. The prior art approach involves adding a second discharge unit to the first discharge unit. The first discharge unit is a bidirectionally conductive field-effect transistor (BATFET) that controls the battery charging path. When the first charging unit is operating, the first discharge unit also provides power from the load unit to the battery. When the battery is in a high-voltage region (e.g., greater than 3.2V), the battery directly conducts power to the load unit through the first discharge unit. When the battery is in a low-voltage region (e.g., less than 3.2V), the battery supplies power to the load through the second discharge unit. The second discharge unit is typically a DC-DC converter with a boost function. This can be a boost DC-DC converter (also referred to as a boost circuit), a buck-boost DC-DC converter (also referred to as a buck-boost circuit), or a boost / bypass DC-DC converter (also referred to as a boost / bypass circuit), enabling boosting the battery voltage in the low-voltage region to power the load unit.

[0082] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the structure of a working circuit of another electronic device.

[0083] With the continuous development of technology, a small number of peripherals, such as power management units (PMU) ICs, now support operation in the low-voltage region of the silicon cathode and can be directly mounted on the first discharge unit, while other load units requiring a boost are mounted in the second discharge unit. In this case, the second discharge unit is typically one or more boost / bypass DC-DC converters (also referred to as boost / bypass circuits). When the battery voltage is high (for example, greater than 3.2V), the second discharge unit operates in bypass mode. When the battery voltage is low (for example, less than 3.2V), the second discharge unit operates in boost mode.

[0084] The architectures shown in Figures 1 and 2 require an additional independent second discharge unit to accommodate the low-voltage operating characteristics of silicon negative electrode batteries. When there are many peripheral resources, 2-3 boost ICs and their peripheral circuits may also be added, resulting in a significant waste of resources and board area, and high costs.

[0085] The present application provides a method for implementing a high-voltage power supply architecture using SC fast-charging circuit multiplexing as part of the system components. The method can be applied to terminal equipment. It solves the problem that silicon negative electrode batteries cannot adapt to load units due to low voltage when discharging in low-voltage areas, while adding a small number of electronic components and almost no increase in circuit layout area. The method has high integration, low cost, and better working efficiency than existing solutions.

[0086] Before describing in detail the power supply circuit and power supply method provided in the present application, the step-up / step-down converter that may be involved in the embodiments of the present application is first described.

[0087] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 2:1.

[0088] In Figure 3, switches S1, S2, S3, and S4, capacitor Ci, capacitor Co, and flying capacitor Cf form a switched-capacitor converter with a 2:1 input-to-output voltage ratio. In phase A, switches S1 and S3 are on, while switches S2 and S4 are off (the off switches are not shown). The input voltage VIN transfers energy to the output VOUT through the flying capacitor Cf, charging the flying capacitor Cf. VIN = VCF + VOUT. In phase B, switches S2 and S4 are on, while switches S1 and S3 are off (the off switches are not shown). The flying capacitor Cf transfers energy to the output VOUT, discharging it. VCF = VOUT. It should be understood that arrows pointing downward on the flying capacitor Cf indicate charging, while arrows pointing upward indicate discharging. VIN is the input voltage, VOUT is the output voltage, and VCF is the voltage across the flying capacitor Cf. Both phase A and phase B operate for 1 / 2 switching cycle. Under ideal conditions, without considering parasitic parameters in the circuit, combining the two equations VIN=VCF+VOUT and VCF=VOUT, we can obtain VOUT=VCF=1 / 2VIN.

[0089] In practical applications, when a two-phase 2:1 circuit is used for interleaved parallel operation, the ripple on the capacitance and output voltage can be effectively reduced, which can improve the working efficiency of the circuit. Therefore, the commonly used switched capacitor charging IC usually consists of 8 switches.

[0090] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of another switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 2:1.

[0091] A 2:1 SC circuit is formed by switches S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, and S8. Switches S1, S2, S3, and S4 form the first-phase 2:1 SC, while switches S5, S6, S7, and S8 form the second-phase 2:1 SC. When this circuit operates in 2:1 mode, it operates similarly to a single-phase SC. The switches in the two phases are driven 180 degrees out of phase. In phase A, S1, S3, S6, and S8 are on, while S2, S4, S5, and S7 are off. In phase B, S1, S3, S6, and S8 are off, while S2, S4, S5, and S7 are on.

[0092] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure of a switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 4:1 or 2:1.

[0093] In Figure 5 , switches S1, S2, S3, S4, S5, S6, S7, S8, input capacitor Ci, output capacitor Co, flying capacitors Cf1, Cf2, and Cf3 form a Dickson-architecture switched-capacitor converter. This converter can operate in modes with input-to-output voltage transfer ratios of 4:1 and 2:1. These two modes are described in detail below using Figures 6 and 7 , respectively.

[0094] FIG6 is a schematic diagram showing the working state of a switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 4:1.

[0095] It should be understood that the arrows pointing downward for flying capacitors Cf1 to Cf3 in Figure 6 represent charging, and the arrows pointing upward represent discharging. When operating in 4:1 mode, in Phase A, switches S1, S3, S6, and S7 are on, and switches S2, S4, S5, and S8 are off (the off switches are not shown in the figure). The input voltage VIN transfers energy to the output VOUT through the flying capacitor Cf1, and the flying capacitor Cf2 discharges Cf3 and the output, resulting in VIN = VCF1 + VOUT and VCF2 = VCF3 + VOUT. In Phase B, switches S2, S4, S5, and S8 are on, and switches S1, S3, S6, and S7 are off (the off switches are not shown in the figure). The flying capacitor Cf3 transfers energy to the output VOUT and is in a discharging state. Cf1 discharges Cf2 and VOUT, resulting in VCF1 = VCF2 + VOUT and VCF3 = VOUT. Each phase operates for 1 / 2 of a switching cycle. Ideally, without considering circuit parasitics, VOUT = VCF3 = VCF2 / 2 = VCF1 / 3 = 1 / 4VIN. VIN is the input voltage, VOUT is the output voltage, VCF1 is the voltage across the flying capacitor Cf1, VCF2 is the voltage across the flying capacitor Cf2, and VCF3 is the voltage across the flying capacitor Cf3.

[0096] FIG7 is a schematic diagram showing the operation of a switched capacitor converter with an input-to-output voltage ratio of 2:1.

[0097] When operating in 2:1 mode, switches S2 and S3 are always turned on (forming a bypass BYPASS mode). Switches S1, S4, S5, and S6 form a single-phase 2:1 switched capacitor converter, with Cf2 serving as the flying capacitor for the converter. Switches S1, S4, S7, and S8 form another single-phase 2:1 switched capacitor converter, with Cf1 and Cf3 connected in parallel to form the flying capacitor for the converter. In phase A, switches S1, S5, and S7 are turned on, while switches S4, S6, and S8 are turned off (the off switches are not shown in the figure). VIN charges Cf1, Cf2, and Cf3, transferring energy to the output VOUT. In phase B, switches S4, S6, and S8 are on, while switches S1, S5, and S7 are off (the off switches are not shown). At this point, Cf1, Cf2, and Cf3 are discharging and transferring energy to the output. Ideally, without considering circuit parasitics, VOUT = VCF3 = VCF2 = VCF1 = 1 / 2 VIN. VIN is the input voltage, VOUT is the output voltage, VCF1 is the voltage across flying capacitor Cf1, VCF2 is the voltage across flying capacitor Cf2, and VCF3 is the voltage across flying capacitor Cf3.

[0098] FIG8 is an exemplary structural diagram of a working circuit of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0099] The electronic devices in the embodiments of the present application include various types of rechargeable devices, such as mobile phones, laptops, tablets, smart watches, smart speakers, electric cars or electric bicycles, etc. The specific type of electronic device should not be understood as a limitation to the present application.

[0100] The power supply circuit 100 includes a switched capacitor converter 110 and a switching circuit 120. The switched capacitor converter 110 includes a first port 111 and a second port 113. The first port 111 is connected to a load unit 140 and a charging port 150 of an electronic device, and the second port 113 is connected to a battery 130. The load unit 140 can be, for example, a short-range communication chip, such as an electronic chip with integrated Wi-Fi functionality, or can be an NFC chip, a CPU, or the like.

[0101] The switching circuit 120 is configured to control the switched capacitor converter 110 to boost a first voltage to a second voltage to power the load unit 140 in a discharge mode of the battery 130 , where the first voltage is the voltage at the second port 113 in the discharge mode, the second voltage is the voltage at the first port 11 in the discharge mode, and the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage is X. The switching circuit 120 is further configured to control the switched capacitor converter 110 to step down a third voltage provided by the charging interface 150 to a fourth voltage to charge the battery 130 in a charging mode, where the third voltage is the voltage at the first port 111 in the charging mode, the fourth voltage is the voltage at the second port 113 in the charging mode, and the ratio of the fourth voltage to the third voltage is Y, where the product of X and Y is not equal to 1.

[0102] Exemplarily, 1<X≤2, for example, X may be equal to 3 / 2, 4 / 3 or 2, and Y may be equal to 1 / 2, 2 / 3 or 1 / 4.

[0103] The charging interface is used to provide an initial charging voltage. The initial charging voltage may be a DC bus voltage (VBUS) or an initial charging voltage provided by an external power source. For example, the charging interface may be connected to an external power source, which may be an adapter, a mobile power source, a charger, a power bank, and the like, without limitation. The adapter is used to convert power from a power outlet to a power specification and connector type suitable for a specific device. For example, it may be various types of chargers, such as a universal serial bus (USB) charger, an electric bicycle charger, a car charger, a laptop charger, a mobile phone charger, and the like.

[0104] It should be understood that in the discharge mode of the battery, the battery voltage is less than or equal to the first preset threshold, that is, the battery is in a low-voltage discharge region. In the charge mode of the battery, the battery voltage is greater than the second preset threshold, that is, the battery is in a high-voltage charge region.

[0105] It should be understood that the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold can be the same value. Exemplarily, the first preset threshold and the second preset threshold are equal, both are M, and the voltage less than or equal to M can be divided into the low-voltage discharge area and low-voltage charging area of ​​the battery (referred to as the low-voltage area), and the voltage greater than M can be divided into the high-voltage charging area and high-voltage discharge area of ​​the battery (referred to as the high-voltage area), for example, 2.5V≤M≤3.5V, M can be 3.1V, 3.3V or 2.7V, etc. The specific division value should not be understood as a limitation to this application. In the discharge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is less than or equal to 3.2V, and in the charging mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is greater than 3.2V.

[0106] The first preset threshold and the second preset threshold may also be different values. For example, the first preset threshold is 3.2V and the second preset threshold is 3.5V. Voltages less than or equal to 3.2V are classified as the battery's low-voltage discharge region, and voltages greater than 3.2V are classified as the battery's high-voltage discharge region; voltages greater than 3.5V are classified as the battery's high-voltage charge region, and voltages less than or equal to 3.5V are classified as the battery's low-voltage charge region. In the battery's discharge mode, the battery's voltage is less than or equal to 3.2V, and in the battery's charge mode, the battery's voltage is greater than 3.5V.

[0107] In the embodiment of the present application, taking the case where the first preset threshold value and the second preset threshold value are the same as an example, a voltage less than or equal to M is divided into a low-voltage area of ​​the battery, and a voltage greater than M is divided into a high-voltage area of ​​the battery. The case where the first preset threshold value and the second preset threshold value are different is similar, and this application will not repeat them. This example should not be understood as a limitation to the present application.

[0108] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0109] The switched capacitor converter includes a first series branch 210 , a second series branch 220 , a sixth switch S6 , a seventh switch S7 , and a second capacitor CF2 .

[0110] The first series branch 210 includes a first switch S1, a first capacitor CF1, a second switch S2, a first connection point d1 and a second connection point d2. S1, CF1 and S2 are connected in series, d1 is located between S1 and CF1, and d2 is located between CF1 and S2.

[0111] The second series branch 220 includes a third switch S3, a fourth switch S4, a fifth switch S5, a third connection point d3, a fourth connection point d4, and a fifth connection point d5. S3, S4, and S5 are connected in series, with d3 located between S3 and S4, d4 located between S4 and S5, and d5 located on the side of S5 opposite d4.

[0112] S6 is connected between d6 and d4, with d6 located on the side of S2 opposite d2. CF2 is connected between d3 and d5. S7 is connected between d1 and d5. VIN can be considered the input voltage of the first port, connected to S1 and S3 respectively, and VOUT can be considered the output voltage of the second port 113, set between d4 and d6.

[0113] Switching circuit 120 is used to control the switched capacitor converter to operate alternately between a first operating state and a second operating state to boost a first voltage to a second voltage. In the first operating state, S1, S6, S3, and S5 are on, S2, S4, and S7 are off, and VIN = VCF1 + VOUT, and VIN = VCF2 + VOUT. In the second operating state, S1, S6, S3, and S5 are off, S2, S4, and S7 are on, and VCF1 + VCF2 = VOUT. VIN is the input voltage, VOUT is the output voltage, VCF1 is the voltage across the first capacitor CF1, and VCF2 is the voltage across the second capacitor CF2.

[0114] When the circuit is working in steady state, the first working state and the second working state work alternately for 50% of the time, and CF1 and CF2 are charged in the first working state and discharged in the second working state, thus satisfying the conservation of charge. The equations of the two working states can be solved together to get Achieve 3:2 step-down conversion of input voltage and output voltage. When this circuit works in reverse, that is, when the input and output ends are swapped, A 2:3 boost conversion can be achieved.

[0115] The switched capacitor converter provided in the embodiment of the present application can be combined with the circuit structure shown in Figure 9 to make the fixed ratio charge pump compatible with the multi-ratio circuit architecture, realize different ratios of input and output voltages, and can be applied to terminal equipment scenarios requiring multiple ratios.

[0116] Figure 10 is a schematic diagram of another switched capacitor converter provided by an embodiment of the present application. This switched capacitor converter can be viewed as adding switch S7 as shown in Figure 10 to the eight switches in Figure 4, enabling the circuit to achieve an additional input-to-output voltage conversion ratio of 3 to 2. This switched capacitor converter can also be viewed as adding switches S8 and S9 to the switched capacitor converter in Figure 9, enabling the circuit to achieve an additional input-to-output voltage conversion ratio of 2 to 1.

[0117] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the switched capacitor converter shown in FIG10 in different working states according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0118] When in working state 1, switches S1, S3, S5, and S6 are turned on, and switches S2, S4, S7, S8, and S9 are turned off (the switches in the off state are not shown in the figure). The VIN voltage charges the flying capacitor CF1 through S1 and S6, and charges the flying capacitor CF2 through S3 and S5. VCF1 = VCF2 = VIN - VOUT. When in working state 2, switches S2, S4, and S7 are turned on, and switches S1, S3, S5, S6, S8, and S9 are turned off. VCF1 + VCF2 = VOUT. When the circuit is working in steady state, working state 1 and working state 2 alternate for 50% of the time. The flying capacitor is charged in the first working state and discharged in the second working state, thus satisfying the conservation of charge. The equations for the two working states can be solved together to get When the circuit is reversed, that is, the input and output are swapped, Boost conversion can be achieved.

[0119] The circuits shown in Figures 10 and 11 can be considered as a fusion circuit that achieves a forward 3:2 and reverse 2:3 ratio by adding a switch to a traditional fixed 2:1 ratio circuit (reverse 1:2). The operating principle of this switched capacitor converter to achieve a 2:1 input and output voltage ratio (reverse 1:2) can be seen in the description of Figure 4 and will not be repeated in this application.

[0120] When the battery is charging in the high-voltage range (e.g., greater than 3.2V), the circuit can operate in 2:1 mode, allowing the charging interface to quickly charge the battery. When the battery is operating in the low-voltage range (e.g., less than or equal to 3.2V), the circuit can operate in reverse 2:3 mode, providing power to high-voltage load units with only a small increase in cost.

[0121] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, the voltages less than or equal to 3.2V are classified as the low-voltage region, and the voltages greater than 3.2V are classified as the high-voltage region. This is merely an example, and other classification methods may be used. For example, a voltage less than or equal to M is classified as the low-voltage region, and a voltage greater than M is classified as the high-voltage region, where 2.5V≤M≤3.5V. For example, M may be 3.1V, 3.3V, or 2.7V. The specific classification values ​​should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0122] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of another switched capacitor converter provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0123] Switches S11, S12, S13, S14, S15, S16, S17, S18, input capacitor Ci, output capacitor Co, flying capacitors Cf11, Cf12, and Cf13 form a single-phase Dickson-architecture switched capacitor converter. This converter can operate in input-to-output voltage transfer ratios of 4:1 and 2:1. Switches S21, S22, S23, S24, S25, S26, S27, and S28, input capacitor Ci, output capacitor Co, flying capacitors Cf21, Cf22, and Cf23 form another phase Dickson-architecture switched capacitor converter. This converter can operate in input-to-output voltage transfer ratios of 4:1 and 2:1.

[0124] Similar to FIG9 , a switch tube S29 may be added so that the switched capacitor converter shown in FIG12 can operate in modes with input-to-output voltage ratios of 4:1, 2:1, and 3:2.

[0125] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of the switched capacitor converter shown in FIG12 in working state 1 according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0126] When operating in State 1, switches S12 and S13 are turned on to form BYPASS mode, switches S22 and S23 are turned on to form BYPASS mode, switches S11, S17, S21, and S27 are turned on, and switches S14, S15, S16, S18, S24, S25, S26, S28, and S29 are turned off. Thus, VIN = VCF11 + VOUT and VIN = VCF21 + VOUT. VIN is the input voltage, VOUT is the output voltage, VCF11 is the voltage of capacitor Cf11, and VCF21 is the voltage of capacitor Cf21.

[0127] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of the switched capacitor converter shown in FIG12 in working state 2 provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0128] When working in state 2, switch tubes S12 and S13 are turned on to form BYPASS mode, switch tubes S22 and S23 are turned on to form BYPASS mode, switch tubes S29, S18, and S24 are turned on, switch tubes S11, S14, S15, S16, S17, S21, S25, S26, S27, and S28 are turned off, Cf11 and Cf21 are connected in series to discharge the load, and VCF11+VCF21=VOUT.

[0129] State 1 and state 2 work alternately for 50% of the time. When the circuit works in steady state, it can be considered that the capacitor voltages in state 1 and state 2 are basically equal. The simultaneous equations VIN=VCF11+VOUT, VIN=VCF21+VOUT and Cf11+Cf21=VOUT show that VOUT=2 / 3VIN and VCF11=VCF21=1 / 3VIN.

[0130] The switched capacitor converter shown in FIG12 operates in the 4:1 (reverse 1:4) and 2:1 (reverse 1:2) modes, as described in FIG6 and FIG7 , and will not be repeated in this application.

[0131] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of the composition structure of another working circuit of an electronic device provided in an embodiment of the present application.

[0132] The working circuit includes a power supply circuit 100, a battery 330, a first discharge unit 340, a load unit 350, a first charging unit 360 and a charging interface 370. Among them, the battery 330 can be a silicon negative electrode battery, and the first charging unit 360 is a main charging chip, which is usually a DC-DC conversion circuit containing an inductor, including but not limited to a buck converter (Buck), a boost converter (Boost), and a buck-boost converter (Buck-Boost). The power supply circuit 100 in the embodiment of the present application includes a switched capacitor converter that supports multiple transformation ratios. In the battery charging scenario, when the battery 330 voltage is higher than a preset threshold, the initial charging voltage received from the charging interface 370 is stepped down to a voltage that meets the requirements of the battery 330 to charge the battery 330. When the battery 330 voltage is lower than or equal to the preset threshold, the power supply circuit 100 is used to perform a 1:N (where 1<N≤2) boost, thereby replacing the independent second discharge unit used in the prior art.

[0133] The charging interface 370 is used to provide an initial charging voltage. The initial charging voltage may be a DC bus voltage (VBUS) or an initial charging voltage provided by an external power source. For example, the charging interface 370 may be connected to an external power source, which may be an adapter, a mobile power source, a charger, a power bank, and the like, without limitation. The adapter is used to convert power from a power outlet to a power specification and connector type suitable for a specific device. For example, it may be various types of chargers, such as a universal serial bus (USB) charger, an electric bicycle charger, a car charger, a laptop charger, a mobile phone charger, and the like.

[0134] Figure 16 is a schematic diagram of the structure of another operating circuit of an electronic device provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 16 is similar to Figure 15 , in that a first load unit 351, such as a power management unit (PMU) IC, supports operation in the silicon cathode low-voltage region and can be directly mounted on the first discharge unit 340 , while other second load units 352 requiring voltage boost are mounted on the power supply circuit 100 .

[0135] Figure 17 is a schematic diagram of different working states of a power supply circuit provided by an embodiment of the present application. Figure 17 corresponds to Figure 16, and the working mode of the power supply circuit provided by the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with Figure 17.

[0136] The power supply circuit 100 includes a switched capacitor converter 110, a tenth switch Q10, and an eleventh switch Q11. The tenth switch Q10 and the eleventh switch Q11 may be part of the switching circuit 120. It should be understood that the present application does not limit the specific type and quantity of the tenth switch Q10 and the eleventh switch Q11, as long as they can perform the switching function.

[0137] The switched capacitor converter 110 includes a port D1 and a port D2. Port D1 is connected to the second load unit 352 and the charging interface 370, and port D2 is connected to the battery 330. A tenth switch Q10 is disposed between port D1 and the second load unit 352, and an eleventh switch Q11 is disposed between the second load unit 352 and port D2. For example, port D3 is located between the tenth switch Q10 and the eleventh switch Q11. The second load unit 352 is connected to the power supply circuit 100 via port D3.

[0138] Optionally, in this embodiment of the present application, to prevent damage to the device due to excessive input voltage, an overvoltage protection (OVP) circuit 390 may be provided after the charging interface 370. Thus, if the initial charging voltage exceeds the OVP threshold, the output of the overvoltage protection circuit 390 will be turned off, thereby protecting the device from damage due to excessive voltage.

[0139] The first case: the battery 330 is in a charging state, that is, the charging interface 370 is powered.

[0140] Exemplarily, when the adapter is in place, the charging interface 370 provides an initial charging voltage to charge the battery 330 through the adapter.

[0141] When the battery 330 is in the low-voltage range (voltage ≤ 3.2V), the first charging unit 360 slowly charges the battery 330 via a BATFET. The first load unit 351 can be powered by the adapter, or when the adapter's power supply is insufficient, the battery 330 can provide additional power. The second load unit 352 is powered by the battery 330 via a boost circuit, such as a 2:3 boost circuit, of the switched-capacitor converter 110. At this time, the tenth switch Q10 is on, and the eleventh switch Q11 is off. It should be understood that the tenth and eleventh switches Q10 and Q11 of the power supply circuit 100 can be integrated within the chip or externally.

[0142] It should be understood that the input voltage of the second load unit 352 typically does not exceed 5V. Therefore, when the battery 330 is in the low voltage region (voltage ≤ 3.2V), if the output voltage of the battery 330 is 3.2V, the output voltage after passing through the 2-to-3 boost circuit of the switched capacitor converter 110 is 3.2×1.5=4.8V, which does not exceed 5V. In some possible application scenarios, if the output voltage of the battery 330 is less than 3.2V, or the input voltage of the second load unit 352 can exceed 5V, the 1-to-2 boost circuit of the switched capacitor converter 110 or other boost circuits can also be used to power the second load unit 352. This example should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0143] When the battery 330 is in the high-voltage range (voltage > 3.2V), the charging interface 370 rapidly charges the battery 330 via a step-down circuit, such as a 2:1, 4:1, or 3:2 step-down circuit, of the switched capacitor converter 110. The first load unit 351 is powered by the first discharge unit 340, while the second load unit 352 is powered by the battery 330 via the eleventh switch Q11 of the switched capacitor converter 110. At this time, the tenth switch Q10 is off, while the eleventh switch Q11 is on.

[0144] The second situation: the battery 330 is in a discharging state, that is, the charging interface 370 is not powered.

[0145] When the battery 330 is in the low voltage region (voltage ≤ 3.2V), the first load unit 351 can be powered by the BATFET of the first discharge unit 340, and the second load unit 352 is powered by the battery 330 through the boost circuit of the switched capacitor converter 110, such as a 2-to-3 boost circuit. At this time, the tenth switch Q10 is in the on state and the eleventh switch Q11 is in the off state. Similar to the first case, in some possible application scenarios, the 1-to-2 boost circuit of the switched capacitor converter 110 can also be used to power the second load unit 352. This example should not be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0146] When the battery 330 is in the high voltage region (voltage > 3.2V), the first load unit 351 is still powered by the first discharge unit 340, and the second load unit 352 is powered by the battery 330 through the eleventh switch Q11 in the power supply circuit 100. At this time, the tenth switch Q10 is in the off state, and the eleventh switch Q11 is in the on state.

[0147] The present application provides a power supply circuit that integrates the charging unit and the discharging unit of a battery, which can achieve step-up and step-down of voltages with multiple transformation ratios, thereby improving the utilization rate of switches and peripheral circuits, and at the same time improving the integration of terminal equipment and reducing costs.

[0148] It should be understood that the present application does not limit the specific type of switch, as long as it can perform the function of the switch. The present application also does not limit the specific number of switches. For example, the switch tube S1 can also be multiple switches.

[0149] It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, when a device is "connected" to another device, it can be directly connected to the other device, or there can be an intermediate device between the two. "Connected" can also be replaced by "electrically connected", "coupled", etc., without limitation.

[0150] Unless otherwise indicated, all technical and scientific terms used in the embodiments of the present application have the same meaning as those generally understood by those skilled in the art of the technical field of the application. The terms used in this application are only for the purpose of describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the scope of the application. It should be understood that the above are for illustration, and the examples above are only for helping those skilled in the art to understand the embodiments of the present application, rather than limiting the application embodiments to the specific numerical values ​​or specific scenarios illustrated. Those skilled in the art can obviously carry out various equivalent modifications or changes based on the examples given above, and such modifications and changes also fall within the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0151] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A power supply circuit, characterized in that: The power supply circuit is arranged between the battery and the load unit of the electronic device, and comprises: A switched capacitor converter, comprising a first port and a second port, the first port being connected to the load unit and a charging interface of the electronic device, and the second port being connected to the battery; a switch circuit, used for controlling the switched capacitor converter to boost the first voltage to a second voltage in the discharge mode of the battery to supply power to the load unit, wherein the first voltage is the voltage of the second port in the discharge mode, the second voltage is the voltage of the first port in the discharge mode, and the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage is X; The switching circuit is further used to control the switched capacitor converter to step down the third voltage provided by the charging interface into a fourth voltage in the charging mode of the battery to charge the battery, wherein the third voltage is the voltage of the first port in the charging mode, the fourth voltage is the voltage of the second port in the charging mode, the ratio of the fourth voltage to the third voltage is Y, and the product of X and Y is not equal to 1.

2. The power supply circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that: The switched capacitor converter further comprises: A first series branch includes a first switch, a first capacitor, a second switch, a first connection point and a second connection point, wherein the first switch, the first capacitor and the second switch are connected in series, the first connection point is located between the first switch and the first capacitor, and the second connection point is located between the first capacitor and the second switch; a second series branch, comprising a third switch, a fourth switch, a fifth switch, a third connection point, a fourth connection point and a fifth connection point, wherein the third switch, the fourth switch and the fifth switch are connected in series, the third connection point is located between the third switch and the fourth switch, the fourth connection point is located between the fourth switch and the fifth switch, and the fifth connection point is located on a side of the fifth switch opposite to the fourth connection point; a sixth switch connected between a sixth connection point and the fourth connection point, the sixth connection point being located on a side of the sixth switch opposite to the second connection point; a second capacitor connected between the third connection point and the fifth connection point; a seventh switch connected between the first connection point and the fifth connection point; The first port is connected to the first switch and the third switch, and the second port is arranged between the fourth connection point and the sixth connection point.

3. The power supply circuit according to claim 2, characterized in that: The switched capacitor converter further comprises: an eighth switch connected between the first connection point and the sixth connection point; A ninth switch is connected in series with the second series branch via the fifth connection point.

4. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: In a discharge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is less than or equal to a first preset threshold value, and in a charge mode of the battery, the voltage of the battery is greater than a second preset threshold value.

5. The power supply circuit according to claim 4, characterized in that: The switch circuit is further configured to control the battery to directly supply power to the load unit without passing through the switch capacitor converter when the voltage of the battery is greater than the first preset threshold.

6. The power supply circuit according to claim 5, characterized in that: The switch circuit includes a tenth switch and an eleventh switch, the tenth switch is arranged between the first port and the load unit, and the second switch is arranged between the load unit and the second port. The switch circuit is used to turn off the tenth switch and turn on the eleventh switch, so that the battery directly supplies power to the load unit.

7. The power supply circuit according to claim 6, characterized in that: The switch circuit is further configured to turn on the tenth switch and turn off the eleventh switch, so as to control the switched capacitor converter to boost the first voltage to the second voltage, so as to supply power to the load unit.

8. The power supply circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The negative electrode of the battery is doped with silicon.

9. A terminal device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a battery, a load unit, a charging interface and a power supply circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.

10. A power supply method, characterized in that: Applied to a power supply circuit, the power supply circuit is arranged between a battery and a load unit of an electronic device, the power supply circuit comprises a switched capacitor converter, the switched capacitor converter comprises a first port and a second port, the first port is connected to the load unit and a charging interface of the electronic device, the second port is connected to the battery, The method comprises: In the discharge mode of the battery, the switched capacitor converter is controlled to boost the first voltage to a second voltage to supply power to the load unit, wherein the first voltage is the voltage of the second port in the discharge mode, the second voltage is the voltage of the first port in the discharge mode, and the ratio of the second voltage to the first voltage is X; In the charging mode of the battery, the switched capacitor converter is controlled to step down the third voltage provided by the charging interface into a fourth voltage to charge the battery, the third voltage is the voltage of the first port in the charging mode, the fourth voltage is the voltage of the second port in the charging mode, the ratio of the fourth voltage to the third voltage is Y, and the product of X and Y is not equal to 1.

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