Low-temperature adsorption system having adsorbent cooling function

Abstract

A low-temperature adsorption system (100) having an adsorbent cooling function, comprising: a tower (110), an adsorption bed (120), and a heat exchange module (130). The adsorption bed (120) is located in the tower (110) and is formed by piling up an adsorbent fed from a feeding port (113), and low-temperature flue gas delivered into the tower (110) is subjected to adsorption and purification by the adsorption bed (120) to become low-temperature clean flue gas. The heat exchange module (130) is located outside the tower (110), a cold side inlet (131) of the heat exchange module (130) is in communication with a flue gas outlet (112), the low-temperature clean flue gas enters a cold side of the heat exchange module (130) to exchange heat with a material on a hot side of the heat exchange module (130) to recover cold energy in the low-temperature clean flue gas, and the cold energy is used for cooling the adsorbent before the adsorbent is fed into the tower (110) by means of the feeding port (113).

Description

Low-temperature adsorption system with adsorbent cooling function

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This disclosure is based on the Chinese patent application with application number 202311515905.8 and application date of November 14, 2023, and claims the priority of the Chinese patent application. The entire content of the Chinese patent application is hereby introduced into this application as a reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of flue gas adsorption technology, and in particular to a low-temperature adsorption system with an adsorbent cooling function. Background Art

[0004] Coal-fired flue gas produces a large amount of pollutants, which is a major threat to the atmospheric environment and human health. To protect the environment and human health, flue gas adsorption towers are often used to remove pollutants from flue gas. Traditional flue gas adsorption is usually high-temperature adsorption, where the flue gas discharged from the boiler is cooled to approximately 200°C in a cooling tower before entering the flue gas adsorption tower for high-temperature adsorption purification. However, high-temperature flue gas adsorption suffers from high adsorbent consumption, poor adsorption effect, and high nitrogen oxide content in the clean flue gas after adsorption, making it impossible to achieve near-zero emissions.

[0005] To overcome the problem of high-temperature adsorption, related technologies have proposed low-temperature flue gas adsorption technology, which involves cooling the flue gas to a low-temperature level, such as below room temperature, and then removing the pollutant components in the flue gas through adsorption. In low-temperature adsorption, the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent increases exponentially in a low-temperature environment, greatly improving the adsorption purification rate compared to conventional high-temperature flue gas adsorption, and achieving near-zero flue gas emissions. However, during the low-temperature flue gas adsorption process, the adsorption effect of the flue gas is highly sensitive to the adsorption temperature. Therefore, in actual engineering applications, providing an ideal low-temperature adsorption environment is of great significance to ensuring the adsorption effect of the flue gas.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present disclosure is based on the inventors' findings and understanding of the following facts and problems:

[0008] The low-temperature flue gas adsorption system in the related art adopts an adsorption tower to purify the flue gas by adsorption, and a regeneration tower to heat and regenerate the adsorbent. The adsorbent after heating and regeneration is sent back to the adsorption tower to continue adsorption. However, the temperature of the adsorbent after heating and regeneration is relatively high. The high-temperature adsorbent is sent into the adsorption tower to contact the low-temperature flue gas, which greatly affects the low-temperature adsorption efficiency and adsorption effect in the adsorption tower. In order to reduce the temperature of the adsorbent after regeneration, a regeneration tower with a cooling section is proposed in the related art, that is, the heated and regenerated adsorbent is sent into the cooling section for cooling and then output. However, the temperature of the adsorbent after cooling in the cooling section is still higher than the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas (below room temperature) (about 80°C-100°C), and its impact on low-temperature adsorption cannot be ignored.

[0009] The present disclosure aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent. To this end, the present disclosure proposes a low-temperature adsorption system with adsorbent cooling function.

[0010] The present disclosure provides a low-temperature adsorption system with an adsorbent cooling function, comprising: a tower, the tower having a flue gas inlet for inputting low-temperature flue gas with a temperature below room temperature into the tower, a flue gas outlet for discharging low-temperature clean flue gas, a feeding port and a discharging port; an adsorption bed, the adsorption bed is located in the tower and is formed by stacking adsorbents fed from the feeding port, and the low-temperature flue gas input into the tower is adsorbed and purified by the adsorption bed to be the low-temperature clean flue gas; a heat exchange module, the heat exchange module is located outside the tower, the cold side inlet of the heat exchange module is connected to the flue gas outlet, the low-temperature clean flue gas enters the cold side of the heat exchange module to exchange heat with the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module to recover the cold in the low-temperature clean flue gas, and the cold is used to cool the adsorbent before it is fed into the tower through the feeding port.

[0011] The low-temperature adsorption system with adsorbent cooling provided by the disclosed embodiments features a heat exchange module installed on the outside of the tower. This utilizes the cooling energy of the low-temperature clean flue gas to cool the adsorbent before it enters the tower, lowering the temperature of the adsorbent in the adsorption bed and, consequently, the contact temperature between the low-temperature flue gas and the adsorbent. This reduction in contact temperature improves the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption tower. Because the adsorbent is cooled by heat exchange with the low-temperature clean flue gas in the heat exchange module before entering the adsorption tower, the cooling load of the regeneration tower's cooling section is reduced, thereby reducing the structural complexity and regeneration costs of the regeneration tower.

[0012] Optionally, the substance on the hot side of the heat exchange module is an adsorbent, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchange module is connected to the feeding port of the tower.

[0013] Optionally, the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module is a circulating heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange medium on the hot side exchanges heat with the low-temperature clean flue gas on the cold side to recover cold energy and then becomes a low-temperature medium. The low-temperature adsorption system also includes an adsorbent cooling device located outside the tower, and the adsorbent cooling device has a low-temperature medium inlet connected to the hot side outlet of the heat exchange module, a low-temperature medium outlet for outputting the low-temperature medium after heat exchange, an adsorbent inlet for inputting adsorbent and an adsorbent outlet for outputting adsorbent, and the adsorbent outlet is connected to the feeding port. In the adsorbent cooling device, the low-temperature medium exchanges heat with the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent into a low-temperature adsorbent.

[0014] Optionally, the heat exchange medium flowing through the hot side of the heat exchange module is air, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchange module is used to input low-temperature air into the adsorbent cooling device, where the low-temperature air contacts the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent into a low-temperature adsorbent.

[0015] Optionally, the heat exchange module is an adsorbent supply container, which is used to feed adsorbent into the tower through the feeding port. The wall of the adsorbent supply container is a membrane wall, and a cooling channel is provided in the membrane wall. The flue gas outlet is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel, and is used to introduce low-temperature clean flue gas into the cooling channel to cool the adsorbent in the adsorbent supply container.

[0016] Optionally, the heat exchange module includes a heat exchanger and an adsorbent feeding device, the material on the hot side of the heat exchanger is a circulating heat exchange medium, the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the flue gas outlet, the heat exchange medium on the hot side exchanges heat with the low-temperature clean flue gas on the cold side to recover cold energy and then becomes a low-temperature medium, the adsorbent feeding device has a cooling flow channel in the wall, the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the cooling flow channel, and is used to pass low-temperature medium into the cooling flow channel to cool the adsorbent in the adsorbent feeding device, and the adsorbent feeding device is used to feed adsorbent to the feeding port.

[0017] Optionally, the heat exchange medium flowing through the hot side of the heat exchanger is cooling water, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger is used to input low-temperature cooling water into the cooling channel.

[0018] Optionally, the temperature of the adsorbent fed into the feeding port is 0° C.-30° C. That is, the temperature of the adsorbent after cooling is reduced to 0° C.-30° C., and it contacts the low-temperature flue gas in the adsorption bed, resulting in higher adsorption efficiency.

[0019] Optionally, the adsorption bed is a counter-flow adsorption bed, in which the low-temperature flue gas and the adsorbent flow in counter-current directions; or, the adsorption bed is a cross-flow adsorption bed, in which the low-temperature flue gas and the adsorbent flow in cross-current directions.

[0020] Optionally, a refrigerant channel is provided within the tower wall, through which refrigerant flows, and the refrigerant temperature is lower than or equal to the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas. This prevents external heat from penetrating through the tower wall and entering the tower, thereby affecting the low-temperature adsorption process and efficiency. The refrigerant temperature is lower than or equal to the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature adsorption system with an adsorbent cooling function provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature adsorption system with an adsorbent cooling function provided by another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature adsorption system with an adsorbent cooling function provided in yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature adsorption system with an adsorbent cooling function provided by yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of an adsorbent supply container provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0026] Reference numerals:

[0027] Low-temperature adsorption system 100, tower 110, flue gas inlet 111, flue gas outlet 112, feeding port 113, discharge port 114, adsorption bed 120, heat exchange module 130, cold side inlet 131, cold side outlet 132, hot side inlet 133, hot side outlet 134, adsorbent cooling device 140, low-temperature medium inlet 141, low-temperature medium outlet 142, adsorbent inlet 143, adsorbent outlet 144, adsorbent supply container 150, cooling channel 151, adsorbent supply device 160, cooling flow channel 161, heat exchanger 170. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present disclosure, but should not be understood as limiting the present disclosure.

[0029] The following describes a low-temperature adsorption system 100 with an adsorbent cooling function provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure with reference to Figures 1 to 4. The low-temperature adsorption system 100 includes a tower 110, an adsorption bed 120, and a heat exchange module 130. The tower 110 has a flue gas inlet 111 for inputting low-temperature flue gas with a temperature below room temperature into the tower, a flue gas outlet 112 for discharging low-temperature clean flue gas, a feed port 113, and a discharge port 114. The adsorption bed 120 is located in the tower 110 and is formed by stacking adsorbents fed from the feed port 113. The low-temperature flue gas input into the tower 110 is adsorbed and purified by the adsorption bed 120 to become low-temperature clean flue gas.

[0030] The heat exchange module 130 is located outside the tower 110. The cold side inlet 131 of the heat exchange module 130 is connected to the flue gas outlet 112. The low-temperature clean flue gas discharged from the flue gas outlet 112 enters the cold side of the heat exchange module 130 to exchange heat with the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module 130 to recover the cold energy in the low-temperature clean flue gas. The cold energy is used to cool the adsorbent before it is introduced into the tower 110 through the feed port 113, cooling the adsorbent to a low-temperature adsorbent. In other words, the low-temperature clean flue gas with cold energy transfers cold energy to the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module 130 due to heat exchange in the heat exchange module 130. This cold energy is used to cool the adsorbent in the adsorption bed 120 introduced into the tower 110, thereby reducing the temperature of the adsorbent in the adsorption bed 120.

[0031] The low-temperature flue gas to be purified input into the tower 110 from the flue gas inlet 111 contacts and is adsorbed by the low-temperature adsorbent in the adsorption bed 120, and the low-temperature flue gas is purified into low-temperature clean flue gas. The low-temperature clean flue gas contains a large amount of usable cold energy. The low-temperature clean flue gas is discharged from the tower 110 from the flue gas outlet 112 and enters the heat exchange module 130 for cold energy recovery.

[0032] The low-temperature adsorption system with adsorbent cooling provided by the disclosed embodiments features a heat exchange module installed on the outside of the tower. This utilizes the cooling energy of the low-temperature clean flue gas to cool the adsorbent before it enters the tower, lowering the temperature of the adsorbent in the adsorption bed and, consequently, the contact temperature between the low-temperature flue gas and the adsorbent. This reduction in contact temperature improves the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption tower. Because the adsorbent is cooled by heat exchange with the low-temperature clean flue gas in the heat exchange module before entering the adsorption tower, the cooling load of the regeneration tower's cooling section is reduced, thereby reducing the structural complexity and regeneration costs of the regeneration tower.

[0033] In some optional embodiments, as shown in FIG1 , the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module 130 is an adsorbent, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchange module 130 is connected to the feed port 113 of the tower 110. In other words, the cold energy in the low-temperature clean flue gas is exchanged with the adsorbent through the heat exchange module 130 to cool the adsorbent. The cooled low-temperature adsorbent is then discharged from the hot side outlet of the heat exchange module 130 into the feed port 113.

[0034] Specifically, as shown in FIG1 , the heat exchange module 130 has a cold side and a hot side. The cold side has a cold side inlet 131 and a cold side outlet 132, and the hot side has a hot side inlet 133 and a hot side outlet 134. The flue gas outlet 112 of the tower 110 is connected to the cold side inlet 131, and the cold side outlet 112 can be connected to the chimney. The hot side inlet 113 is used to input the regenerated high-temperature adsorbent, and the hot side outlet 134 is connected to the feed port 113. In the heat exchange module 130, the low-temperature clean flue gas circulating on the cold side indirectly exchanges heat with the adsorbent circulating on the hot side, cooling the high-temperature adsorbent to a low-temperature adsorbent. The low-temperature adsorbent then enters the adsorption bed 120 in the tower 110 through the feed port 113, where it comes into contact with the flue gas for adsorption.

[0035] In the embodiment shown in FIG1 , the cold energy in the low-temperature clean flue gas is exchanged with the adsorbent in the heat exchange module 130 , which results in a simple piping arrangement, a small number of devices, and low cost.

[0036] It should be noted that the "low temperature" in "low-temperature adsorbent" here refers to the "high temperature" in "high-temperature adsorbent," meaning the temperature of the low-temperature adsorbent is lower than that of the high-temperature adsorbent. The temperature of the regenerated adsorbent is typically higher, hence the term "high-temperature adsorbent," and the temperature of the high-temperature adsorbent is generally above 80°C.

[0037] In some optional embodiments, the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas entering the adsorption tower 100 from the flue gas inlet 113 is below zero, for example, -80°C to -5°C.

[0038] Optionally, the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas is -20°C to -5°C. The inventors have discovered through research that the lower the flue gas temperature, the more beneficial it is for adsorption purification. However, if the flue gas temperature is too low, the equipment structure for cooling the flue gas will be complex and energy consumption will increase. For example, insulation layers will be required for the cooling equipment, adsorption tower, and pipelines, and high sealing requirements will be required, which will increase costs. In addition, excessively low temperature conditions will easily lead to condensation in the adsorption tower, causing the adsorbent to stick and clog, affecting adsorption. Therefore, cooling the flue gas to a temperature of -20°C to -5°C is beneficial.

[0039] In some optional embodiments, as shown in Figure 2, the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module 130 is a circulating heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange medium on the hot side exchanges heat with the low-temperature clean flue gas on the cold side to recover cold energy and then becomes a low-temperature medium. The low-temperature adsorption system 100 also includes an adsorbent cooling device 140 located outside the tower 110. The adsorbent cooling device 140 has a low-temperature medium inlet 141 connected to the hot side outlet 134 of the heat exchange module 130, a low-temperature medium outlet 142 for outputting the low-temperature medium after heat exchange, an adsorbent inlet 143 for inputting adsorbent, and an adsorbent outlet 144 for outputting adsorbent. The adsorbent outlet 144 is connected to the feed port 113. In the adsorbent cooling device 140, the low-temperature medium exchanges heat with the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent into a low-temperature adsorbent.

[0040] That is to say, the cold in the low-temperature clean flue gas is recovered into the heat exchange medium through the heat exchange module 130, and the heat exchange medium carrying the cold transfers the cold to the adsorbent in the adsorbent cooling device 140 to complete the cooling of the adsorbent. The cooled low-temperature adsorbent is discharged into the feed port 113 from the adsorbent outlet 144 of the adsorbent cooling device 140.

[0041] Optionally, the heat exchange medium flowing through the hot side of the heat exchange module 130 is a coolant. Further optionally, the coolant is cooling water.

[0042] Optionally, the heat exchange medium flowing through the hot side of the heat exchange module is air, and the hot side outlet 134 of the heat exchange module 130 is used to input low-temperature air into the adsorbent cooling device 140. In the adsorbent cooling device 140, the low-temperature air contacts the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent into a low-temperature adsorbent.

[0043] Specifically, as shown in Figure 2, the heat exchange module 130 has a cold side and a hot side. The cold side has a cold side inlet 131 and a cold side outlet 132, and the hot side has a hot side inlet 133 and a hot side outlet 134. The flue gas outlet 112 of the tower 110 is connected to the cold side inlet 131, which can be connected to the chimney. The hot side inlet 113 is used to input air, and the hot side outlet 134 is connected to the low-temperature medium inlet 141 of the adsorbent cooling device 140. The low-temperature air discharged from the hot side outlet 134 is fed into the adsorbent cooling device 140, where it directly contacts and exchanges heat with the adsorbent in the adsorbent cooling device 140, transferring the cold recovered from the low-temperature clean flue gas to the adsorbent to cool it. The cooled low-temperature adsorbent is discharged from the adsorbent outlet 144 and enters the adsorption bed 120 in the tower 110 through the feed port 113, where it contacts and absorbs the flue gas.

[0044] In the embodiment shown in FIG2 , the cold in the low-temperature clean flue gas in the heat exchange module 130 is recovered into the low-temperature air, and the low-temperature air is in direct contact with the adsorbent in the adsorbent cooling device 140 for heat exchange. Compared with indirect heat exchange, the heat exchange efficiency is higher and the adsorbent is cooled more fully.

[0045] In some optional embodiments, as shown in Figure 3, the heat exchange module 130 is an adsorbent supply container 150, which is used to feed adsorbent into the tower 110 through the feeding port 113. The wall of the adsorbent supply container 150 is a membrane wall, and a cooling channel 151 is provided in the membrane wall. The flue gas outlet 112 is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel 151, and is used to introduce low-temperature clean flue gas into the cooling channel 151 to cool the adsorbent in the adsorbent supply container 150.

[0046] That is, the cold energy in the low-temperature clean flue gas is exchanged with the adsorbent through the adsorbent supply container 150 to cool the adsorbent, and the cooled low-temperature adsorbent is discharged from the adsorbent supply container 150 into the feeding port 113 .

[0047] It can be understood that the inlet of the cooling channel 151 of the adsorbent supply container 150 is equivalent to the cold side inlet of the heat exchange module 130, the outlet of the cooling channel 151 is equivalent to the cold side outlet of the heat exchange module 130, the feed port of the adsorbent supply container 150 is equivalent to the hot side inlet of the heat exchange module 130, and the discharge port of the adsorbent supply container 150 is equivalent to the hot side outlet of the heat exchange module 130.

[0048] Specifically, as shown in FIG3 , the inner cavity of the adsorbent supply container 150 defines an adsorbent storage chamber for accommodating adsorbent. A feed port communicating with the adsorbent storage chamber is provided at the top of the adsorbent supply container 150, and a discharge port communicating with the adsorbent storage chamber is provided at the bottom. The wall of the adsorbent supply container 150 is a membrane wall. As shown in FIG5 , the wall of the adsorbent supply container 150 includes a plurality of vertically extending pipes spaced apart around the adsorbent storage chamber, each of which defines a cooling channel 151.

[0049] The flue gas outlet 112 of the tower 110 is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel 151, and the outlet of the cooling channel 151 can be connected to the chimney. Regenerated high-temperature adsorbent enters the adsorbent storage chamber through the feed port at the top of the adsorbent supply container 150. The adsorbent in the adsorbent storage chamber indirectly exchanges heat with the low-temperature clean flue gas in the cooling channel 151, causing the adsorbent temperature to decrease and gradually move toward the discharge port at the bottom. The low-temperature adsorbent discharged from the discharge port enters the adsorption bed 120 in the tower 110 through the feed port 113, where it comes into contact with the flue gas and undergoes adsorption.

[0050] Furthermore, a stirring device may be provided in the adsorbent supply container, and the stirring device is used to stir the adsorbent in the adsorbent storage chamber so as to make the cooling of the adsorbent more uniform.

[0051] In the embodiment shown in FIG3 , low-temperature clean flue gas flows through the cooling channel 151 within the wall of the adsorbent supply container 150, exchanging heat with the adsorbent in the adsorbent storage chamber of the adsorbent supply container 150. The adsorbent supply container 150 prolongs the residence time of the adsorbent in the adsorbent storage chamber and the heat exchange time between the adsorbent and the low-temperature clean flue gas, thereby cooling the adsorbent more fully.

[0052] In some optional embodiments, as shown in FIG4 , the heat exchange module 130 includes a heat exchanger 170 and an adsorbent feeding device 160. The substance on the hot side of the heat exchanger 170 is a circulating heat exchange medium, and the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 170 is connected to the flue gas outlet 112. In the heat exchanger 170, the heat exchange medium on the hot side exchanges heat with the low-temperature clean flue gas on the cold side to recover cold energy and then becomes a low-temperature medium. The adsorbent feeding device 160 has a cooling channel 161 in its wall. The hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 170 is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel 161 for passing the low-temperature medium into the cooling channel 161 to cool the adsorbent in the adsorbent feeding device 160. The adsorbent feeding device 160 is used to feed adsorbent to the feeding port 113.

[0053] Optionally, the heat exchange medium flowing through the hot side of the heat exchanger 170 is cooling water, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 170 is used to input low-temperature cooling water into the cooling channel 161 of the adsorbent feeding device 160 .

[0054] Specifically, the structure of the adsorbent feeding device 160 can refer to the adsorbent feeding container 150. The wall of the adsorbent feeding device 160 is a membrane wall, which defines a cooling flow channel 161. The flue gas outlet 112 of the tower 110 is connected to the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 170, and the cold side outlet can be connected to the chimney. The hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 170 is used to introduce cooling water, and the hot side outlet is connected to the inlet of the cooling flow channel 161 of the adsorbent feeding device 160. In the heat exchanger 170, the low-temperature clean flue gas can be directly contacted with the cooling water for heat exchange, which has higher heat exchange efficiency. The low-temperature cooling water after heat exchange is discharged from the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 170 and discharged into the cooling flow channel 161 of the adsorbent feeding device 160. The regenerated high-temperature adsorbent enters the adsorbent storage chamber from the feed port at the top of the adsorbent feeding device 160. The adsorbent in the adsorbent storage chamber indirectly exchanges heat with the low-temperature cooling water in the cooling channel 161. The temperature of the adsorbent decreases, and the adsorbent gradually moves toward the discharge port at the bottom. The low-temperature adsorbent discharged from the discharge port enters the adsorption bed 120 in the tower 110 through the feed port 113, and comes into contact with the flue gas for adsorption.

[0055] Furthermore, a stirring device may be provided in the adsorbent feeding device 160 , and the stirring device is used to stir the adsorbent in the adsorbent storage chamber to make the cooling of the adsorbent more uniform.

[0056] In the embodiment shown in FIG4 , the low-temperature clean flue gas in the heat exchanger 170 directly exchanges heat with the cooling water, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency. The cooling water recovers cold energy from the low-temperature clean flue gas and is fed into the wall cooling channel 151 of the adsorbent feeding device 160 to exchange heat with the adsorbent in the adsorbent feeding device 160. The adsorbent feeding device 160 prolongs the residence time of the adsorbent in the adsorbent storage chamber and the heat exchange time between the adsorbent and the low-temperature clean flue gas, thereby more fully cooling the adsorbent.

[0057] Optionally, the temperature of the adsorbent fed into the feeding port 113 is 0° C.-30° C. That is, the temperature of the adsorbent after cooling is reduced to 0° C.-30° C., and it contacts the low-temperature flue gas in the adsorption bed 120, resulting in higher adsorption efficiency.

[0058] In some embodiments, the adsorption bed 120 is a counter-flow adsorption bed. In the counter-flow adsorption bed, the low-temperature flue gas and the adsorbent flow in counter-flow directions, and the low-temperature flue gas flows upward in the adsorbent gaps of the counter-flow adsorption bed 121 .

[0059] In some alternative embodiments, the adsorption bed 120 is a cross-flow adsorption bed, in which the low-temperature flue gas and the adsorbent flow in a cross-flow manner. Cross-flow of the low-temperature flue gas and the adsorbent means that the low-temperature flue gas passes vertically through the cross-flow adsorption bed, where it contacts and is adsorbed. The cross-flow adsorption bed is a moving bed, and the adsorbent flows downward under the action of gravity.

[0060] In some embodiments, a refrigerant channel is provided within the wall of tower 110. A refrigerant circulates within the channel to cool adsorption bed 120 and prevent external heat from passing through the wall of tower 110 and entering tower 110, thereby affecting the low-temperature adsorption process and thus the adsorption efficiency. The temperature of the refrigerant is lower than or equal to the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas.

[0061] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present disclosure.

[0062] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. Throughout the present disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0063] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections, electrical connections, or communication between them; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure based on specific circumstances.

[0064] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0065] In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0066] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present disclosure. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A low temperature adsorption system with adsorbent cooling function, comprising: A tower, the tower having a flue gas inlet for inputting low-temperature flue gas with a temperature below room temperature into the tower, a flue gas outlet for discharging low-temperature clean flue gas, a feeding port and a discharging port; An adsorption bed, the adsorption bed is located in the tower and is formed by stacking adsorbent fed from the feeding port, and the low-temperature flue gas fed into the tower is adsorbed and purified by the adsorption bed to become the low-temperature clean flue gas; A heat exchange module, wherein the heat exchange module is located outside the tower, and the cold side inlet of the heat exchange module is connected to the flue gas outlet. The low-temperature clean flue gas enters the cold side of the heat exchange module to exchange heat with the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module to recover the cold in the low-temperature clean flue gas, and the cold is used to cool the adsorbent before it is fed into the tower through the feeding port.

2. The low-temperature adsorption system with adsorbent cooling function according to claim 1, wherein the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module is an adsorbent, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchange module is connected to the feed port of the tower.

3. A low-temperature adsorption system with an adsorbent cooling function according to claim 1, wherein the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module is a circulating heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange medium on the hot side exchanges heat with the low-temperature clean flue gas on the cold side to recover cold and then becomes a low-temperature medium. The low-temperature adsorption system also includes an adsorbent cooling device located outside the tower, and the adsorbent cooling device has a low-temperature medium inlet connected to the hot side outlet of the heat exchange module, a low-temperature medium outlet for outputting the low-temperature medium after heat exchange, an adsorbent inlet for inputting adsorbent and an adsorbent outlet for outputting adsorbent, and the adsorbent outlet is connected to the feed port. In the adsorbent cooling device, the low-temperature medium exchanges heat with the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent into a low-temperature adsorbent.

4. A low-temperature adsorption system with adsorbent cooling function according to claim 3, wherein the heat exchange medium flowing through the hot side of the heat exchange module is air, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchange module is used to input low-temperature air into the adsorbent cooling device, in which the low-temperature air contacts the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent into a low-temperature adsorbent.

5. A low-temperature adsorption system with an adsorbent cooling function according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the heat exchange module is an adsorbent supply container, and the adsorbent supply container is used to feed adsorbent into the tower through the feeding port, and the wall of the adsorbent supply container is a membrane wall, and a cooling channel is provided in the membrane wall, and the flue gas outlet is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel, and is used to introduce low-temperature clean flue gas into the cooling channel to cool the adsorbent in the adsorbent supply container.

6. A low-temperature adsorption system with an adsorbent cooling function according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the heat exchange module comprises a heat exchanger and an adsorbent feeding device, the material on the hot side of the heat exchanger is a circulating heat exchange medium, the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the flue gas outlet, the heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the low-temperature clean flue gas in the heat exchanger to recover cold and then becomes a low-temperature medium, the adsorbent feeding device has a cooling flow channel in the wall, the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the inlet of the cooling flow channel, which is used to pass the low-temperature medium into the cooling flow channel to cool the adsorbent in the adsorbent feeding device, and the adsorbent feeding device is used to feed adsorbent to the feeding port.

7. A low-temperature adsorption system with adsorbent cooling function according to claim 6, wherein the heat exchange medium flowing through the hot side of the heat exchanger is cooling water, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger is used to input low-temperature cooling water into the cooling channel.

8. The low-temperature adsorption system with adsorbent cooling function according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the temperature of the adsorbent fed into the feed port is 0°C-30°C.

9. A low-temperature adsorption system with an adsorbent cooling function according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the adsorption bed is a countercurrent adsorption bed, in which the low-temperature flue gas and the adsorbent flow in the countercurrent direction; or, the adsorption bed is a cross-flow adsorption bed, in which the low-temperature flue gas and the adsorbent flow in the cross-flow direction.

10. The low-temperature adsorption system with adsorbent cooling function according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein a refrigerant channel is provided in the wall of the tower, a refrigerant flows in the refrigerant channel, and the refrigerant temperature is lower than or equal to the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas.

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