Low-temperature adsorption system

Abstract

Disclosed is a low-temperature adsorption system, comprising: an adsorption module and a heat exchange module. The adsorption module is used for adsorbing low-temperature flue gas at a temperature below room temperature to be purified into low-temperature clean flue gas. The adsorption module has a gas inlet end used for inputting the low-temperature flue gas, an air outlet end used for discharging the low-temperature clean flue gas, a feeding end used for inputting an adsorbent and a discharging end used for discharging the adsorption-saturated adsorbent. A cold side inlet of the heat exchange module is communicated with the air outlet end of the adsorption module, the low-temperature clean flue gas enters a cold side of the heat exchange module to exchange heat with substances on a hot side of the heat exchange module so as to recover the cooling capacity in the low-temperature clean flue gas, and the cooling capacity is used for cooling the adsorbent before being input into the adsorption module.

Description

Low temperature adsorption system

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application is based on the Chinese patent application with application number 2023115168555 and application date of November 14, 2023, and claims the priority of the Chinese patent application. The entire content of the Chinese patent application is hereby introduced into this application as a reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of flue gas adsorption, and in particular to a low-temperature adsorption system. Background Art

[0004] Coal-fired flue gas produces a large amount of pollutants, which is a major threat to the atmospheric environment and human health. Flue gas adsorption towers are commonly used to remove pollutants from flue gas. Traditional flue gas adsorption is typically high-temperature adsorption, where boiler flue gas is cooled to approximately 200°C in a cooling tower before entering a flue gas adsorption tower for high-temperature adsorption purification. However, high-temperature flue gas adsorption suffers from high adsorbent consumption, poor adsorption effectiveness, and high nitrogen oxide content in the clean flue gas after adsorption, making it impossible to achieve near-zero emissions.

[0005] To overcome the problem of high-temperature adsorption, related technologies have proposed low-temperature flue gas adsorption technology, which involves cooling the flue gas to a low-temperature level, such as below room temperature, and then removing the pollutant components in the flue gas through adsorption. In low-temperature adsorption, the adsorption capacity of the adsorbent increases exponentially in a low-temperature environment, greatly improving the adsorption purification rate compared to conventional high-temperature flue gas adsorption, and achieving near-zero flue gas emissions. However, during the low-temperature flue gas adsorption process, the adsorption effect of the flue gas is highly sensitive to the adsorption temperature. Therefore, in actual engineering applications, providing an ideal low-temperature adsorption environment is of great significance to ensuring the adsorption effect of the flue gas.

[0006] Summary of the Invention

[0007] The present disclosure provides a low-temperature adsorption system.

[0008] The low-temperature adsorption system proposed in the embodiment of the present disclosure includes: an adsorption module, which is used to adsorb and purify low-temperature flue gas with a temperature below room temperature into low-temperature clean flue gas, and the adsorption module has an air inlet end for inputting the low-temperature flue gas, an air outlet end for discharging the low-temperature clean flue gas, a feed end for inputting an adsorbent, and a discharge end for discharging the adsorbent saturated with adsorption; a heat exchange module, the cold side inlet of the heat exchange module is connected to the air outlet end of the adsorption module, and the low-temperature clean flue gas enters the cold side of the heat exchange module to exchange heat with the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module to recover the cold in the low-temperature clean flue gas, and the cold is used to cool the adsorbent before it is input into the adsorption module.

[0009] The low-temperature adsorption system provided in the embodiment of the present disclosure is provided with a heat exchange module, which uses the cold energy of the low-temperature clean flue gas to cool the adsorbent before entering the adsorption module, thereby reducing the temperature of the adsorbent in the adsorption module, thereby reducing the contact temperature between the low-temperature flue gas and the adsorbent. The reduction in contact temperature is conducive to improving the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption tower.

[0010] In some embodiments, the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module is an adsorbent. In the heat exchange module, the low-temperature clean flue gas flowing on the cold side exchanges heat with the adsorbent flowing on the hot side to transfer cold energy to the adsorbent.

[0011] In some embodiments, the heat exchange module includes a heat exchanger and an adsorbent cooling device, the material on the hot side of the heat exchanger is a circulating heat exchange medium, the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the air outlet of the adsorption module, the heat exchange medium and the low-temperature clean flue gas are indirectly heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger to recover cold energy and then become a low-temperature medium; the adsorbent cooling device has a low-temperature medium inlet connected to the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger, a low-temperature medium outlet for outputting the low-temperature medium after heat exchange, an adsorbent inlet for inputting adsorbent and an adsorbent outlet for outputting adsorbent, the adsorbent outlet is connected to the feed end of the adsorption module, and in the adsorbent cooling device, the low-temperature medium exchanges heat with the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent into a low-temperature adsorbent.

[0012] In some embodiments, the heat exchange medium is air and the low-temperature medium is low-temperature air. The hot side outlet of the heat exchanger is used to input the low-temperature air into the adsorbent cooling device. In the adsorbent cooling device, the low-temperature air contacts the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent into a low-temperature adsorbent.

[0013] In some embodiments, the adsorbent cooling device is an adsorbent supply container, the wall of the adsorbent supply container is a membrane wall, and the membrane wall has a cooling channel connecting the low-temperature medium inlet and the low-temperature medium outlet. The low-temperature medium in the cooling channel exchanges heat with the adsorbent in the adsorbent supply container to cool the adsorbent.

[0014] In some embodiments, the heat exchange medium is cooling water. In the heat exchanger, the low-temperature clean flue gas contacts the cooling water for heat exchange to cool the cooling water into low-temperature cooling water. The hot side outlet of the heat exchanger is used to input low-temperature cooling water into the cooling channel.

[0015] In some embodiments, the low-temperature adsorption system also includes a tower, the adsorption module is located in the tower, and the tower has a flue gas inlet for inputting low-temperature flue gas to the air inlet end of the adsorption module, a flue gas outlet for discharging the low-temperature clean flue gas, a feeding port for feeding, and a discharge port connected to the discharge end of the adsorption module.

[0016] In some embodiments, the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module is an adsorbent, the heat exchange module is located in the tower and the adsorption module is located below the heat exchange module, the cold side outlet of the heat exchange module is connected to the flue gas outlet, and the hot side inlet of the heat exchange module is connected to the feeding port.

[0017] In some embodiments, the outlet end of the adsorption module is located at its top and is vertically opposite to the cold side inlet of the heat exchange module, the feed end of the adsorption module is located at its top and is vertically opposite to the hot side outlet of the heat exchange module, the low-temperature clean flue gas flows upward on the cold side of the heat exchange module, and the adsorbent flows downward on the hot side of the heat exchange module.

[0018] In some embodiments, the heat exchange module is located outside the tower, and the flue gas outlet is connected to the cold side inlet of the heat exchange module. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature adsorption system provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0020] FIG2 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature adsorption system provided in another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0021] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature adsorption system provided in yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0022] FIG4 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature adsorption system provided in yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0023] FIG5 is a schematic structural diagram of a low-temperature adsorption system provided in yet another embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0024] FIG6 is a partial structural schematic diagram of an adsorbent feeding device provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0025] Figure numerals: low-temperature adsorption system 100, tower 110, flue gas inlet 111, flue gas outlet 112, feeding port 113, discharge port 114, adsorption module 120, heat exchange module 130, baffle 131, heat exchange tube 132, cold side inlet 133, cold side outlet 134, hot side inlet 135, hot side outlet 136, heat exchanger 1301, adsorbent cooling device 140, low-temperature medium inlet 141, low-temperature medium outlet 142, adsorbent inlet 143, adsorbent outlet 144, cooling channel 145, adsorbent feeding device 150, cooling flow channel 151. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and intended to be used to explain the present disclosure, but should not be understood as limiting the present disclosure.

[0027] The present disclosure is based on the inventors' findings and understanding of the following facts and problems:

[0028] The low-temperature flue gas adsorption system in the related art adopts an adsorption tower to purify the flue gas by adsorption, and a regeneration tower to heat and regenerate the adsorbent. The adsorbent after heating and regeneration is sent back to the adsorption tower to continue adsorption. However, the temperature of the adsorbent after heating and regeneration is relatively high. The high-temperature adsorbent is sent into the adsorption tower to contact the low-temperature flue gas, which greatly affects the low-temperature adsorption efficiency and adsorption effect in the adsorption tower. In order to reduce the temperature of the adsorbent after regeneration, a regeneration tower with a cooling section is proposed in the related art, that is, the adsorbent after heating and regeneration is sent into the cooling section for cooling and then output. However, the temperature of the adsorbent after cooling in the cooling section is still higher than the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas (below room temperature) (about 80°C-100°C), and the impact on low-temperature adsorption cannot be ignored. In addition, since the cooling section of the regeneration tower needs to consume cold energy, the regeneration cost is relatively high, which affects the further development of low-temperature flue gas adsorption technology.

[0029] In this regard, the embodiments of the present disclosure propose a low-temperature adsorption system.

[0030] The low-temperature adsorption system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure is described below with reference to Figures 1 to 6. The low-temperature adsorption system 100 includes an adsorption module 120 and a heat exchange module 130. The adsorption module 120 is used to adsorb and purify low-temperature flue gas with a temperature below room temperature into low-temperature clean flue gas. The adsorption module 120 has an air inlet for inputting low-temperature flue gas, an air outlet for discharging low-temperature clean flue gas, a feed end for inputting adsorbent, and an outlet end for discharging adsorbent saturated with adsorption. The cold side inlet of the heat exchange module 130 is connected to the air outlet of the adsorption module 120. The low-temperature clean flue gas enters the cold side of the heat exchange module 130 to exchange heat with the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module 130 to recover the cold in the low-temperature clean flue gas. The cold is used to cool the adsorbent before it is input into the adsorption module 120, and the adsorbent is cooled down to a low-temperature adsorbent. That is to say, the low-temperature clean flue gas with cold energy transfers the cold energy to the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module 130 due to heat exchange in the heat exchange module 130. This part of the cold energy is used to cool the adsorbent put into the adsorption module 120 to reduce the temperature of the adsorbent in the adsorption module 120.

[0031] The low-temperature flue gas to be purified entering the adsorption module 120 from the air inlet end contacts and is adsorbed by the low-temperature adsorbent in the adsorption module 120, and the low-temperature flue gas is purified into low-temperature clean flue gas. The low-temperature clean flue gas contains a large amount of usable cold energy. After being discharged from the air outlet of the adsorption module 120, the low-temperature clean flue gas enters the heat exchange module 130 for cold energy recovery, and this part of the cold energy is used to cool the adsorbent.

[0032] The low-temperature adsorption system provided by the embodiment of the present disclosure utilizes the cold energy of the low-temperature clean flue gas to cool the adsorbent before entering the adsorption module through the setting of the heat exchange module, thereby reducing the temperature of the adsorbent in the adsorption module, thereby reducing the contact temperature between the low-temperature flue gas and the adsorbent. The reduction in contact temperature is beneficial to improving the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption tower.

[0033] In some embodiments, the hot-side material of the heat exchange module 130 is an adsorbent. The hot-side inlet of the heat exchange module 130 is used to input regenerated adsorbent, and the hot-side outlet of the heat exchange module 130 is connected to the feed port of the adsorption module 120 for inputting cooled, low-temperature adsorbent into the adsorption module 120. In the heat exchange module 130, the low-temperature clean flue gas flowing through the cold side exchanges heat with the adsorbent flowing through the hot side, transferring cold energy to the adsorbent. In other words, after passing through the heat exchange module 130, the cold energy in the low-temperature clean flue gas is exchanged with the adsorbent, cooling the adsorbent. The cooled, low-temperature adsorbent is then discharged from the hot-side outlet of the heat exchange module 130 into the adsorption module 120.

[0034] In some embodiments, the heat exchange module 130 includes a heat exchanger 1301. The hot side of the heat exchanger 1301 is a circulating heat exchange medium. The cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 1301 is connected to the outlet of the adsorption module 120. The heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the low-temperature clean flue gas in the heat exchanger 1301 to recover cold energy and then becomes a low-temperature medium. The heat exchange module 130 also includes an adsorbent cooling device 140. The adsorbent cooling device 140 has a low-temperature medium inlet 141 connected to the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 1301, a low-temperature medium outlet 142 for outputting the heat-exchanged low-temperature medium, an adsorbent inlet 143 for inputting adsorbent, and an adsorbent outlet 144 for outputting adsorbent. The adsorbent outlet 144 is connected to the feed end of the adsorption module 120. In the adsorbent cooling device 140, the low-temperature medium exchanges heat with the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent into a low-temperature adsorbent.

[0035] That is to say, after passing through the heat exchanger 1301, the cold energy in the low-temperature clean flue gas is first recovered into the heat exchange medium, and the heat exchange medium carrying the cold energy transfers the cold energy to the adsorbent in the adsorbent cooling device 140 to complete the cooling of the adsorbent. The cooled low-temperature adsorbent is discharged into the adsorption module 120 from the adsorbent outlet 144 of the adsorbent cooling device 140.

[0036] In some embodiments, the cryogenic adsorption system 100 further includes a tower 110, with an adsorption module 120 located within the tower 110. The tower 110 includes a flue gas inlet 111 for inputting low-temperature flue gas having a temperature below room temperature into the air inlet of the adsorption module 120, a flue gas outlet 112 for discharging low-temperature clean flue gas, a feed port 113 for feeding materials, and a discharge port 114 connected to the discharge end of the adsorption module 120. It will be understood that the flue gas inlet 111 is connected to the air inlet of the adsorption module 120, and the discharge port 114 is connected to the discharge end of the adsorption module 120 for discharging saturated adsorbent. Flue gas enters the adsorption module 120 through the flue gas inlet 111 on the tower 110, comes into contact with the low-temperature adsorbent in the adsorption module 120, and is adsorbed therein, becoming low-temperature clean flue gas before being discharged through the flue gas outlet 112.

[0037] In some embodiments, the heat exchange module 130 is located inside the tower 110 . In other alternative embodiments, the heat exchange module 130 is located outside the tower 110 .

[0038] The low-temperature adsorption system 100 in several specific embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to FIG. 1 to FIG. 6 .

[0039] Example 1:

[0040] The low-temperature adsorption tower 100 provided in this embodiment is described with reference to FIG1 . The low-temperature adsorption tower 100 includes a tower 110 , an adsorption module 120 , and a heat exchange module 130 . The adsorption module 120 and the heat exchange module 130 are both located in the tower 110 .

[0041] As shown in Figure 1 , tower 110 is provided with a feed port 113 at the top and a discharge port 114 at the bottom. A flue gas inlet 111 and a flue gas outlet 114 are provided on the sidewalls, with flue gas inlet 111 located below flue gas outlet 114. Feed port 113 is used to feed adsorbent into tower 110, and adsorbent in tower 110 is discharged through discharge port 114. Flue gas inlet 111 is used to input low-temperature flue gas below room temperature into tower 110, and clean flue gas after adsorption is discharged from tower 110 through flue gas outlet 114.

[0042] In the adsorption module 120, the low-temperature flue gas contacts and absorbs the adsorbent. The outlet of the adsorption module 120 is connected to the cold-side inlet of the heat exchange module 130. The adsorbed low-temperature clean flue gas enters the heat exchange module 130, and the adsorbent saturated with adsorption is discharged from the outlet 114. In the heat exchange module 130, the cold low-temperature clean flue gas exchanges heat with the adsorbent entering the tower 110 through the feed port 113 to cool the adsorbent, lowering its temperature and turning it into low-temperature adsorbent. After the heat exchange, the clean flue gas is discharged from the flue gas outlet 114. The cooled low-temperature adsorbent enters the adsorption module 120 through the feed port of the adsorption module 120, where it contacts and absorbs the low-temperature flue gas.

[0043] The low-temperature adsorption tower provided in this embodiment is equipped with an adsorption module 120 and a heat exchange module 130. The hot side of the heat exchange module 130 contains an adsorbent. The cold energy of the low-temperature clean flue gas is used to cool the adsorbent entering the tower, reducing the temperature of the adsorbent when it comes into contact with the low-temperature flue gas. This reduction in contact temperature helps improve the adsorption efficiency of the adsorption tower.

[0044] As shown in Figure 1, the adsorption module 120 is a countercurrent adsorption bed. The adsorption module 120 is formed by stacking adsorbents. In the adsorption module 120, the low-temperature flue gas and the low-temperature adsorbent flow in the opposite directions. The low-temperature flue gas flows upward in the adsorbent gap of the countercurrent adsorption bed 121, and the adsorbent gradually moves downward.

[0045] In this embodiment, the adsorption module 120 is located below the heat exchange module 130. The cold-side outlet of the heat exchange module 130 is connected to the flue gas outlet 112, and the hot-side inlet of the heat exchange module 130 is connected to the feed port 113. This arrangement is intended to accommodate the upward flow of flue gas and the downward flow of adsorbent due to gravity.

[0046] In order to further make the structure more reasonable and reduce the number of pipelines, as shown in Figure 1, the outlet end of the adsorption module 120 is located at its top, and the outlet end of the adsorption module 120 is vertically opposite to the cold side inlet of the heat exchange module 130. The feed end of the adsorption module 120 is located at its top, and the feed end of the adsorption module 120 is vertically opposite to the hot side outlet of the heat exchange module 130. The low-temperature clean flue gas discharged from the top of the adsorption module 120 flows upward along the cold side of the heat exchange module 130 and is finally discharged from the flue gas outlet 114. The regenerated adsorbent input from the feed port 113 flows downward along the hot side of the heat exchange module 130. In the heat exchange module 130, the adsorbent indirectly exchanges heat with the low-temperature clean flue gas, and the adsorbent temperature is reduced to become low-temperature adsorbent. The low-temperature adsorbent is discharged from the hot side outlet at the bottom of the heat exchange module 130 and is downwardly input into the adsorption module 130. This reduces the complexity of the equipment and the construction cost.

[0047] Specifically, in this embodiment, the heat exchange module 130 is a folded plate heat exchanger. As shown in Figure 1, the folded plate heat exchanger includes a plurality of baffles 131 and a plurality of heat exchange tubes 132. The heat exchange tubes 132 are arranged vertically and spaced apart on a horizontal plane. The heat exchange tubes 132 define the hot side flow channel of the heat exchange module 130. The top inlet of the heat exchange tubes 132 is connected to the feed port 113 of the tower 110. The adsorbent fed from the feed port 113 is distributed to the plurality of vertically extending heat exchange tubes 132. The adsorbent flows downward within the heat exchange tubes 132 due to gravity. The bottom outlet of the heat exchange tubes 132 is located above the adsorption module 120. After completing heat exchange and cooling in the heat exchange tubes 132, the adsorbent falls from the bottom outlet of the heat exchange tubes 132 into the adsorption module 120, serving as a supplement to the countercurrent adsorption bed.

[0048] As shown in Figure 1, the baffle 131 is arranged horizontally, and several baffles 131 are arranged at intervals in the vertical direction. The baffles 131 define a serpentine cold side flow channel of the heat exchange module 130. The low-temperature clean flue gas discharged from the top of the adsorption module 120 flows upward along the serpentine cold side flow channel and exchanges heat with the adsorbent in the heat exchange tube 132, thereby reducing the temperature of the adsorbent.

[0049] In addition, after passing through the adsorption module 120, the low-temperature flue gas will bring out some adsorbent powder (for example, if the adsorbent is activated carbon, the low-temperature flue gas will bring out carbon powder). When the low-temperature flue gas flows in the serpentine cold side flow channel, the adsorbent powder is intercepted by the baffle 131, which is beneficial to reduce the amount of dust in the discharged clean flue gas.

[0050] In some embodiments, the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas is below zero, for example, -80°C to -5°C.

[0051] In some embodiments, the low-temperature flue gas temperature is between -20°C and -5°C. The inventors have discovered through research that the lower the flue gas temperature, the more beneficial it is for adsorption purification. However, too low a flue gas temperature complicates the structure of the flue gas cooling equipment and increases energy consumption. For example, insulation layers are required for the cooling equipment, adsorption tower, and pipelines, requiring high sealing performance, which increases costs. Furthermore, excessively low temperatures can easily lead to condensation in the adsorption tower, causing the adsorbent to stick and clog, affecting adsorption. Therefore, cooling the flue gas to a temperature between -20°C and -5°C is advantageous.

[0052] In some embodiments, the adsorbent fed from the feeding port 113 has a temperature of 50 degrees Celsius to 80 degrees Celsius.

[0053] In some embodiments, the temperature of the adsorbent entering the heat exchange module 130 is 50°C-150°C, and the temperature of the adsorbent after cooling is 0°C-30°C.

[0054] In some embodiments, a refrigerant channel is provided within the wall of the tower 110. A refrigerant circulates within the channel to cool the adsorption module 120 and prevent external heat from passing through the wall of the tower 110 and entering the tower 110, thereby affecting the low-temperature adsorption process and thus the adsorption efficiency. The temperature of the refrigerant is lower than or equal to the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas.

[0055] Example 2:

[0056] As shown in Figure 2, the low-temperature adsorption system 100 in this embodiment includes a tower 110, an adsorption module 120, and a heat exchange module 130. The adsorption module 120 is located within the tower 110, while the heat exchange module 130 is located outside the tower. In this embodiment, the hot-side material of the heat exchange module 130 is adsorbent. The hot-side outlet of the heat exchange module 130 is connected to the feed port 113 of the tower 110, for supplying cooled low-temperature adsorbent into the tower 110. In the heat exchange module 130, the low-temperature clean flue gas flowing on the cold side indirectly exchanges heat with the adsorbent flowing on the hot side, transferring cold energy to the adsorbent. In other words, after passing through the heat exchange module 130, the cold energy in the low-temperature clean flue gas is exchanged with the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent. The cooled low-temperature adsorbent is then discharged from the hot-side outlet of the heat exchange module 130 into the feed port 113.

[0057] Specifically, as shown in FIG2 , the heat exchange module 130 has a cold side and a hot side. The cold side has a cold side inlet 133 and a cold side outlet 134, and the hot side has a hot side inlet 135 and a hot side outlet 136. The flue gas outlet 112 of the tower 110 is connected to the cold side inlet 133, and the cold side outlet 112 can be connected to the chimney. The hot side inlet 113 is used to input regenerated high-temperature adsorbent, and the hot side outlet 136 is connected to the feed port 113. In the heat exchange module 130, the low-temperature clean flue gas circulating on the cold side indirectly exchanges heat with the adsorbent circulating on the hot side, cooling the high-temperature adsorbent to a low-temperature adsorbent. The low-temperature adsorbent then enters the adsorption module 120 in the tower 110 through the feed port 113, where it comes into contact with the flue gas for adsorption.

[0058] In the embodiment shown in FIG2 , the cold energy in the low-temperature clean flue gas is exchanged with the adsorbent in the heat exchange module 130 , which results in a simple piping arrangement, a small number of devices, and low cost.

[0059] It should be noted that the "low temperature" in "low-temperature adsorbent" here refers to the "high temperature" in "high-temperature adsorbent," meaning the temperature of the low-temperature adsorbent is lower than that of the high-temperature adsorbent. The temperature of the regenerated adsorbent is typically higher, hence the term "high-temperature adsorbent," and the temperature of the high-temperature adsorbent is generally above 80°C.

[0060] In some embodiments, the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas entering the adsorption tower 100 from the flue gas inlet 113 is -25°C to -15°C. In some embodiments, the temperature of the low-temperature flue gas is -20°C.

[0061] Example 3:

[0062] As shown in FIG3 , the low-temperature adsorption system 100 in this embodiment includes a tower 110 , an adsorption module 120 and a heat exchange module 130 , wherein the adsorption module 120 is located inside the tower 110 , and the heat exchange module 130 is located outside the tower.

[0063] The heat exchange module 130 includes a heat exchanger 1301 and an adsorbent cooling device 140. The material on the hot side of the heat exchanger 1301 is a circulating heat exchange medium. The cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 1301 is connected to the flue gas outlet 112 of the tower 110. The heat exchange medium and the low-temperature clean flue gas exchange heat in the heat exchanger 1301 to recover cold energy and then become a low-temperature medium.

[0064] The adsorbent cooling device 140 includes a low-temperature medium inlet 141 connected to the hot-side outlet of the heat exchanger 1301, a low-temperature medium outlet 142 for outputting the low-temperature medium after heat exchange, an adsorbent inlet 143 for inputting adsorbent, and an adsorbent outlet 144 for outputting adsorbent. The adsorbent outlet 144 is connected to the feed port 113 of the tower 110. In the adsorbent cooling device 140, the low-temperature medium exchanges heat with the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent into low-temperature adsorbent. In other words, after passing through the heat exchanger 1301, the cold energy in the low-temperature clean flue gas is first recovered into the heat exchange medium. The heat exchange medium, carrying the cold energy, then transfers the cold energy to the adsorbent in the adsorbent cooling device 140, completing the cooling of the adsorbent. The cooled low-temperature adsorbent is then discharged from the adsorbent outlet 144 of the adsorbent cooling device 140 into the tower 110.

[0065] To further improve the heat exchange efficiency, in this embodiment, the heat exchange medium in the heat exchanger 1301 is air, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 1301 is used to input low-temperature air into the adsorbent cooling device 140. In the adsorbent cooling device 140, the low-temperature air contacts the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent into a low-temperature adsorbent.

[0066] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, the flue gas outlet 112 of the tower 110 is connected to the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 1301, and the cold side outlet of the heat exchanger 1301 can be connected to the chimney. The hot side inlet of the heat exchanger 1301 is used to input air, and the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 1301 is connected to the low-temperature medium inlet 141 of the adsorbent cooling device 140. The low-temperature air carrying cold energy discharged from the hot side outlet 136 is input into the adsorbent cooling device 140, directly contacting and exchanging heat with the adsorbent in the adsorbent cooling device 140, transferring the cold energy recovered from the low-temperature clean flue gas to the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent. The cooled low-temperature adsorbent is discharged from the adsorbent outlet 144 and enters the adsorption module 120 in the tower 110 through the feed port 113, where it comes into contact with the flue gas for adsorption.

[0067] In the embodiment shown in FIG3 , the cold in the low-temperature clean flue gas in the heat exchange module 130 is recovered into the low-temperature air, and the low-temperature air is in direct contact with the adsorbent in the adsorbent cooling device 140 for heat exchange. Compared with indirect heat exchange, the heat exchange efficiency is higher and the adsorbent is cooled more fully.

[0068] Example 4:

[0069] As shown in FIG4 , the low-temperature adsorption system 100 in this embodiment includes a tower 110 , an adsorption module 120 and a heat exchange module 130 , wherein the adsorption module 120 is located inside the tower 110 , and the heat exchange module 130 is located outside the tower.

[0070] In this embodiment, the heat exchange module 130 is an adsorbent feeding device 150, which is used to feed adsorbent into the tower 110 through the feeding port 113. The wall of the adsorbent feeding device 150 is a membrane wall with a cooling channel 151 therein. The flue gas outlet 112 is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel 151, and is used to pass low-temperature clean flue gas into the cooling channel 151 to cool the adsorbent in the adsorbent feeding device 150. In other words, the cold energy in the low-temperature clean flue gas is exchanged with the adsorbent through the adsorbent feeding device 150 to cool the adsorbent. The cooled low-temperature adsorbent is then discharged from the adsorbent feeding device 150 into the feeding port 113.

[0071] It can be understood that the inlet of the cooling channel 151 of the adsorbent feeding device 150 is equivalent to the cold side inlet of the heat exchange module 130, the outlet of the cooling channel 151 is equivalent to the cold side outlet of the heat exchange module 130, the feed port of the adsorbent feeding device 150 is equivalent to the hot side inlet of the heat exchange module 130, and the discharge port of the adsorbent feeding device 150 is equivalent to the hot side outlet of the heat exchange module 130.

[0072] Specifically, as shown in FIG3 , the inner cavity of the adsorbent supply device 150 defines an adsorbent storage chamber for accommodating adsorbent. A feed port communicating with the adsorbent storage chamber is provided at the top of the adsorbent supply device 150, and a discharge port communicating with the adsorbent storage chamber is provided at the bottom. The wall of the adsorbent supply device 150 is a membrane wall. As shown in FIG6 , the wall of the adsorbent supply device 150 includes a plurality of vertically extending pipes spaced apart around the adsorbent storage chamber, each defining a cooling channel 151.

[0073] The flue gas outlet 112 of the tower 110 is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel 151, and the outlet of the cooling channel 151 can be connected to the chimney. The regenerated high-temperature adsorbent enters the adsorbent storage chamber through the feed port at the top of the adsorbent feeding device 150. The adsorbent in the adsorbent storage chamber indirectly exchanges heat with the low-temperature clean flue gas in the cooling channel 151, causing the adsorbent temperature to decrease and gradually move toward the discharge port at the bottom. The low-temperature adsorbent discharged from the discharge port enters the adsorption module 120 in the tower 110 through the feed port 113, where it comes into contact with the flue gas and undergoes adsorption.

[0074] Furthermore, a stirring device may be provided in the adsorbent supply container, and the stirring device is used to stir the adsorbent in the adsorbent storage chamber so as to make the cooling of the adsorbent more uniform.

[0075] In this embodiment, low-temperature clean flue gas flows through the cooling channel 151 within the wall of the adsorbent supply device 150, exchanging heat with the adsorbent in the adsorbent storage chamber of the adsorbent supply device 150. The adsorbent supply device 150 prolongs the residence time of the adsorbent in the adsorbent storage chamber and the heat exchange time between the adsorbent and the low-temperature clean flue gas, thereby cooling the adsorbent more fully.

[0076] Embodiment 5:

[0077] As shown in FIG5 and FIG3 , the low-temperature adsorption system 100 in this embodiment includes a tower 110 , an adsorption module 120 and a heat exchange module 130 , wherein the adsorption module 120 is located inside the tower 110 and the heat exchange module 130 is located outside the tower.

[0078] The heat exchange module 130 includes a heat exchanger 1301 and an adsorbent cooling device 140. The hot side of the heat exchanger 1301 is a circulating heat exchange medium. The cold side inlet of the heat exchanger 1301 is connected to the flue gas outlet 112 of the tower 110. The heat exchange medium exchanges heat with the low-temperature clean flue gas in the heat exchanger 1301 to recover cold energy before becoming a low-temperature medium. The adsorbent cooling device 140 is an adsorbent supply container. The wall of the adsorbent supply container is a membrane wall. The membrane wall has a cooling channel 145 connecting the low-temperature medium inlet 141 and the low-temperature medium outlet 142. The low-temperature medium in the cooling channel 145 exchanges heat with the adsorbent in the adsorbent supply container to cool the adsorbent. The structure of the adsorbent supply container can refer to the adsorbent supply device 150 in Example 4.

[0079] In this embodiment, the heat exchange medium flowing on the hot side of the heat exchanger 1301 is cooling water. In the heat exchanger 1301, the low-temperature clean flue gas contacts the cooling water for heat exchange to cool the cooling water into low-temperature cooling water. The hot side outlet of the heat exchanger 1301 is used to input low-temperature cooling water into the cooling channel 145 of the adsorbent cooling device 140.

[0080] The flue gas outlet 112 of the tower 110 is connected to the cold-side inlet of the heat exchanger 1301, which can also be connected to the chimney. The hot-side inlet of the heat exchanger 1301 is used to receive cooling water, and the hot-side outlet is connected to the inlet of the cooling channel 145 of the adsorbent cooling device 140. In the heat exchanger 1301, the low-temperature clean flue gas directly exchanges heat with the cooling water, resulting in higher heat exchange efficiency. The low-temperature cooling water after heat exchange is discharged from the hot-side outlet of the heat exchanger 1301 and into the cooling channel 145 of the adsorbent cooling device 140. The regenerated high-temperature adsorbent enters the adsorbent storage chamber through the adsorbent inlet 143 at the top of the adsorbent cooling device 140. The adsorbent in the adsorbent storage chamber indirectly exchanges heat with the low-temperature cooling water in the cooling channel 145, causing the adsorbent temperature to decrease and gradually move toward the adsorbent outlet 144 at the bottom. The low-temperature adsorbent discharged from the adsorbent outlet 144 enters the adsorption module 120 in the tower 110 through the feed port 113, where it comes into contact with the flue gas for adsorption.

[0081] Furthermore, a stirring device may be provided in the adsorbent feeding device 160 , and the stirring device is used to stir the adsorbent in the adsorbent storage chamber to make the cooling of the adsorbent more uniform.

[0082] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", "circumferential" and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation to the present disclosure.

[0083] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. Throughout the present disclosure, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0084] In this disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connect," and "fixed" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integration; mechanical connections, electrical connections, or communication between them; direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this disclosure based on specific circumstances.

[0085] In the present disclosure, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it may mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0086] In the present disclosure, the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "examples", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present disclosure. In this specification, the schematic expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0087] Although the embodiments of the present disclosure have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present disclosure. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and vary the above embodiments within the scope of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. A low temperature adsorption system, comprising: An adsorption module, the adsorption module is used to adsorb and purify low-temperature flue gas with a temperature below room temperature into low-temperature clean flue gas, the adsorption module has an air inlet end for inputting the low-temperature flue gas, an air outlet end for discharging the low-temperature clean flue gas, a feed end for inputting an adsorbent, and a discharge end for discharging the adsorbent saturated with adsorption; A heat exchange module, wherein the cold side inlet of the heat exchange module is connected to the gas outlet of the adsorption module, and the low-temperature clean flue gas enters the cold side of the heat exchange module to exchange heat with the material on the hot side of the heat exchange module to recover the cold in the low-temperature clean flue gas, and the cold is used to cool the adsorbent before being input into the adsorption module.

2. The low temperature adsorption system according to claim 1, wherein: The material on the hot side of the heat exchange module is an adsorbent. In the heat exchange module, the low-temperature clean flue gas flowing on the cold side exchanges heat with the adsorbent flowing on the hot side to transfer cold energy to the adsorbent.

3. The low temperature adsorption system according to claim 1, wherein: The heat exchange module comprises a heat exchanger and an adsorbent cooling device, the substance on the hot side of the heat exchanger is a circulating heat exchange medium, the cold side inlet of the heat exchanger is connected to the gas outlet of the adsorption module, and the heat exchange medium and the low-temperature clean flue gas are indirectly heat-exchanged in the heat exchanger to recover cold energy and then become a low-temperature medium; The adsorbent cooling device has a low-temperature medium inlet connected to the hot side outlet of the heat exchanger, a low-temperature medium outlet for outputting the low-temperature medium after heat exchange, an adsorbent inlet for inputting adsorbent and an adsorbent outlet for outputting adsorbent, and the adsorbent outlet is connected to the feed end of the adsorption module. In the adsorbent cooling device, the low-temperature medium exchanges heat with the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent into a low-temperature adsorbent.

4. The low temperature adsorption system according to claim 3, wherein: The heat exchange medium is air and the low-temperature medium is low-temperature air. The hot side outlet of the heat exchanger is used to input the low-temperature air into the adsorbent cooling device. In the adsorbent cooling device, the low-temperature air contacts the adsorbent to cool the adsorbent into a low-temperature adsorbent.

5. The low temperature adsorption system according to claim 3 or 4, wherein: The adsorbent cooling device is an adsorbent supply container, the wall of the adsorbent supply container is a membrane wall, and the membrane wall has a cooling channel connecting the low-temperature medium inlet and the low-temperature medium outlet. The low-temperature medium in the cooling channel exchanges heat with the adsorbent in the adsorbent supply container to cool the adsorbent.

6. The low temperature adsorption system according to claim 3, wherein: The heat exchange medium is cooling water. In the heat exchanger, the low-temperature clean flue gas contacts the cooling water for heat exchange to cool the cooling water into low-temperature cooling water. The hot side outlet of the heat exchanger is used to input low-temperature cooling water into the cooling channel.

7. The low-temperature adsorption system according to any one of claims 1-6 further includes a tower, wherein the adsorption module is located in the tower, and the tower has a flue gas inlet for inputting low-temperature flue gas to the air inlet end of the adsorption module, a flue gas outlet for discharging the low-temperature clean flue gas, a feeding port for feeding, and a discharge port connected to the discharge end of the adsorption module.

8. The low temperature adsorption system according to claim 7, wherein: The material on the hot side of the heat exchange module is an adsorbent, the heat exchange module is located in the tower and the adsorption module is located below the heat exchange module, the cold side outlet of the heat exchange module is connected to the flue gas outlet, and the hot side inlet of the heat exchange module is connected to the feeding port.

9. The low temperature adsorption system according to claim 7 or 8, wherein: The outlet end of the adsorption module is located at its top and is vertically opposite to the cold side inlet of the heat exchange module. The feed end of the adsorption module is located at its top and is vertically opposite to the hot side outlet of the heat exchange module. The low-temperature clean flue gas flows upward on the cold side of the heat exchange module, and the adsorbent flows downward on the hot side of the heat exchange module.

10. The low temperature adsorption system according to claim 7, wherein: The heat exchange module is located outside the tower, and the flue gas outlet is communicated with the cold side inlet of the heat exchange module.

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