Discontinuously operated desublimer having at least three guide plates

Abstract

The invention relates to a discontinuously operated desublimer (1) for removing at least one gas component to be desublimed from a gas mixture flow, the desublimer comprising: a housing wall (7); an inlet (2) on the housing wall (7) for feeding the gas mixture flow into the desublimer (1); an outlet (6) on the housing wall (7) for discharging the treated gas mixture flow from the desublimer (1); a desublimation zone (4) having temperature-controllable flow channel walls, the flow channel walls being temperature-controllable such that, during a loading process, the at least one gas component to be desublimed is desublimed on the flow channel walls, and such that, during a subsequent melting process, the at least one gas component desublimed in the loading process melts on the flow channel walls; a gas inlet distributor space (3) situated between the inlet (2) and the desublimation zone (4); and a gas outlet space situated (5) between the outlet (6) and the desublimation zone (4). According to the invention, at least a first guide plate (8a), a second guide plate (8b) and a third guide plate (8c) are arranged in the gas inlet distributor space (3) in order to evenly distribute the gas mixture flow through the flow channels formed by the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone (4), and at least three guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) each have a spacing (HLB, a-b, HLB, b-c) to the guide plate or guide plates adjacent thereto in the range from 0.01 to 0.9 * D, preferably in the range from 0.10 to 0.50 * D, where D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle of equal area to the inlet area (9). The invention also relates to a method for operating a desublimer (1) according to the invention.

Description

[0001] Discontinuously operated desublimator with at least three guide vanes

[0002] Description

[0003] The invention relates to a discontinuously operated desublimator for removing at least one gas component to be desublimated from a gas mixture flow, which comprises a housing wall, an inlet on the housing wall for supplying the gas mixture flow, an outlet on the housing wall for discharging the treated gas mixture flow and a desublimation zone with temperature-controlled flow channel walls, wherein the flow channel walls are temperature-controlled such that during a loading process the at least one gas component to be desublimated desublimates on the flow channel walls, and that during a subsequent melting process the at least one gas component desublimated in the loading process melts on the flow channel walls.

[0004] In addition, the desublimator comprises a gas inlet distribution chamber located between the inlet and the desublimation zone and a gas outlet chamber located between the outlet and the desublimation zone.

[0005] Known discontinuously operated desublimators have flow channel walls inside them, which can be in the form of bundles of finned tubes. Finned tubes are characterized by the fact that their tubes are surrounded by fins, whereby the fins can be heated or cooled by a fluid flowing through the tubes. During the loading process, a gas component to be desublimated from a gas or gas-vapor mixture is separated by desublimation of the gas component to be desublimated on the cooled fins. In a subsequent melting process, the gas component desublimated on the now heated walls of the finned tubes is melted and discharged from the desublimator. Instead of finned tubes, other designs of flow channel walls, such as fins or honeycombs, can also be arranged in the desublimator.When using fins, the cooling or heating medium is usually guided through fluid lines that are usually arranged on the outside of the housing walls, so that the heat transfer takes place essentially between the externally arranged fluid lines and the housing wall and between the housing wall and the fins.

[0006] In the desublimators described above, the gas mixture flow during the loading process exhibits poor uniformity with respect to the flow through the flow channels, causing the gas component to be desublimated to desublimate unevenly on the flow channel walls. As a result, the pressure loss between the inlet and outlet of the desublimator increases more rapidly during the loading process, and the desublimator must therefore be regenerated at shorter intervals, even though its maximum loading capacity has not yet been reached. The desublimator is typically regenerated through the melting process and an optional, subsequent recooling process.

[0007] DE3407104 A1 discloses discontinuously operated desublimators for separating products from gas mixtures. These desublimators have fins as flow channel walls inside them, which are attached to the housing side walls. A cooling or heating medium is guided through fluid lines arranged only on the outer housing side walls. Heat transfer occurs during heating of the fins from the fluid lines to the housing side walls and from the housing side walls to the fins, whereas heat transfer during cooling of the fins occurs from the fins to the housing side walls and from the housing side walls to the fluid lines. These desublimators are used, for example, in the production of phthalic anhydride (PSA).

[0008] However, this results in larger parasitic heat losses to the environment, since the desublimator is only heated or cooled from the outside. For larger desublimators with an internal volume of, for example, more than 1 m 3 However, during desublimator operation, the heat transfer between the housing side walls and the fins further away from the housing side walls is generally too low, resulting in a temperature gradient within the fins during the loading process, which leads to different desublimation rates. As a result, the pressure loss increases more rapidly during the loading process, and the desublimator must be regenerated at shorter intervals, even though its maximum loading capacity has not yet been reached.

[0009] DE102015101398 A1 discloses a discontinuously operated desublimator in a cylindrical design for removing a gas component to be desublimated from a gas flow. The desublimator comprises a housing containing an inner fluid line and fins as flow channel walls, which are arranged on an inner side of the housing wall and are directed inward. The fins can also be cooled by a coolant flowing through the inner fluid line or heated by a heating medium flowing through the inner fluid line. However, if such desublimators have an internal volume of, for example, more than 1 m 3, then the heat transfer from the inner fluid line to the locations on the fins further away from the fluid line is generally too low, resulting in a temperature gradient within the fins, which leads to different desublimation rates during the loading process. A longer design of such desublimators has the disadvantage that desublimation occurs particularly at those locations on the fins that are close to the inlet of the gas mixture flow. This can cause the fins in the inlet area to become clogged quickly, even if desublimation has not yet taken place on all wall surfaces of the fins. Due to the disadvantages described above, the pressure loss increases more quickly during the loading process and the desublimator must therefore be regenerated at shorter intervals, even though its maximum loading capacity has not yet been reached.

[0010] The task was therefore to provide a desublimator that achieves the most evenly distributed gas mixture flow through the flow channels of the desublimation zone during its loading process. A further objective was to ensure that the pressure loss between the desublimator inlet and outlet increases as slowly as possible during the desublimator loading process, thus allowing the desublimator to be regenerated at longer intervals. Furthermore, the task was to provide a desublimator with a larger loading capacity for desublimating gas components at a given maximum pressure loss between the desublimator inlet and outlet or at a given maximum loading time for the loading process.

[0011] These objects are achieved according to the present invention by a discontinuously operated desublimator according to claim 1 and by a method for operating the desublimator according to claim 17. Advantageous embodiments of the desublimator are given in claims 2 to 16.

[0012] The discontinuously operated desublimator according to the invention for removing at least one gas component to be desublimated from a gas mixture flow comprises a housing wall, an inlet on the housing wall for feeding the gas mixture flow into the desublimator, an outlet on the housing wall for discharging the treated gas mixture flow from the desublimator, a desublimation zone with temperature-controlled flow channel walls, wherein the flow channel walls are temperature-controlled such that during a loading process the at least one gas component to be desublimated desublimates on the flow channel walls, and that during a subsequent melting process the at least one gas component desublimated in the loading process melts on the flow channel walls, a gas inlet distribution space located between the inlet and the desublimation zone, and a gas outlet space located between the outlet and the desublimation zone.

[0013] According to the invention, at least one first guide plate, one second guide plate, and one third guide plate are arranged in the gas inlet distribution chamber for evenly distributing the gas mixture flow through the flow channels formed by the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone, and wherein at least three guide plates are each spaced apart from their adjacent guide plate or plates by a distance of 0.01 to 0.9 * D, preferably by a distance of 0.10 to 0.50 * D, wherein D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle having the same area as the inlet surface. During the loading process, the at least three guide plates in the gas inlet distribution chamber distribute the incoming gas mixture flow more evenly through the individual flow channels of the desublimation zone, whereby desublimation occurs more evenly at the flow channel walls.The more uniform flow through the flow channels and the more uniform desublimation at the flow channel walls prevent excessive gas mixture flow velocities, which can sometimes be far more than twice the average gas mixture flow velocity through the desublimation zone. Furthermore, the interaction between the flow channel walls and the gas mixture flow is intensified. Uneven flow through the flow channels quickly leads to blockages or significant constrictions in the flow channels through which flow occurs at higher velocities. Due to these blockages or constrictions, the other flow channels through which flow is still possible must be flowed at increased gas mixture velocities, because the mass flow of the gas mixture through the desublimator is kept constant.In the case of increased blockages, the velocity of the gas mixture through the flow channels through which flow can still be carried increases correspondingly more significantly, whereby a complete separation of the gas component to be desublimated in the desublimator can no longer be guaranteed because the gas mixture, due to the increased velocity, has too short a residence time in the flow channel in question in order to completely desublimate the gas component to be desublimated at the flow channel wall.

[0014] Due to the desublimation of at least one gas component to be desublimated, the surfaces of the flow channel walls are coated, causing the pressure loss across the individual flow channels to increase accordingly during the loading process. Due to the more uniform flow through the flow channels and the more uniform desublimation at the flow channel walls, the pressure loss across the individual flow channels increases more slowly. Thus, the pressure loss between the inlet and outlet of the desublimator according to the invention also increases more slowly during the loading process, and the desublimator can therefore be regenerated at longer intervals.Furthermore, compared to a desublimator without at least three guide vanes, the desublimator according to the invention can desublimate more of the at least one gas component to be desublimated at its flow channel walls at the same pressure loss between the inlet and outlet of the desublimator, whereby the desublimator according to the invention achieves a greater loading capacity at the same pressure loss. Furthermore, without considering the pressure loss, more of the gas component to be desublimated can be separated in the desublimator during the same loading time, without a significant or disruptive proportion of the gas component to be desublimated being present in the gas mixture flow at the outlet of the desublimator. In this document, the term "gas mixture flow" is understood to mean a flowing gas mixture in general. The gas mixture can also be a gas-vapor mixture.In principle, the gas mixture can contain liquid droplets or solid particles to the extent that the desublimator is not damaged or clogged.

[0015] In this document, the term "a gas component to be desublimated" generally refers to a gas component that desublimates predominantly at flow channel walls within a desublimation zone, where the flow channel walls have a lower temperature than the desublimation temperature during a loading process. In thermodynamics, desublimation refers to the process of the immediate transition of a substance from the gaseous to the solid state. The desublimation temperature indicates the maximum temperature at a given pressure below which a gas component changes to the solid state.

[0016] In this document, the term "fluid line" refers to a line through which a cooling or heating medium can flow. The fluid line can be arranged on the outside of the housing wall and / or inside the desublimator. If one or more fluid lines are arranged on the outside, heat transfer takes place between the fluid line(s) and the housing wall, whereby the gas mixture flow in contact with the inside of the housing wall can be temperature controlled. In addition, the flow channel walls can also be temperature controlled if the flow channel walls are thermally coupled to the inside of the housing wall. If one or more fluid lines are arranged inside the desublimator, heat transfer generally takes place predominantly between the fluid line(s) and the flow channel walls, whereby the flow channel walls can be temperature controlled.

[0017] In this document, the term "housing wall" generally refers to the outer boundary of the desublimator. Typically, the housing wall is also referred to as a shell in the literature. The walls of the housing wall have sufficient technical tightness. Typically, the outer side of the housing wall is at least partially heated by an external heating element. As a rule, the external heating element is provided by one or more fluid lines, which are typically mounted directly on the outer side of the housing wall. During operation of the desublimator, a cooling or heating medium is usually conveyed through the fluid line(s) in order to be able to control the temperature of the gas mixture flow and / or the flow channel walls accordingly. One or more inlet and outlet surfaces are provided by a respective recess in the housing wall.In this document, the term "desublimation zone with temperature-controlled flow channel walls" generally refers to an area in which, during a loading process, at least one gas component to be desublimated is desublimated on the flow channel walls, and the remaining gas mixture flow, also referred to as the treated gas mixture flow, flows out of the desublimation zone and thus reaches the gas outlet chamber. In a melting process following the loading process, the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone are heated to melt the gas component(s) desublimated on the flow channel walls and discharge them from the desublimator.

[0018] The temperature-controlled flow channel walls of the desublimation zone can, for example, be the outer walls of finned tubes, finned tube bundles, tube bundles, lamellar bodies, honeycomb bodies, tube rods, tube rod bundles, or plate bodies. Lamellar, plate, or honeycomb bodies are understood to mean internals that contain fins, plates, or honeycombs, respectively. If a lamellar body is used, the cavities located between the individual fins form the flow channels. Accordingly, the flow channel walls are defined by the fin surfaces. If the flow channel walls are finned tubes, the adjacent fins form a cavity serving as a flow channel through which a fluid, such as a gas mixture, can flow.As a rule, bundles of finned tubes are arranged in the desublimation zone, whereby, for example, adjacent finned tubes can form further flow channels or individual finned tubes in combination with correspondingly adjacent finned tubes can form continuous flow channels.

[0019] The flow channels can all have the same channel diameter by equidistantly spacing the fins of the finned tube(s). However, the flow channels preferably have different channel diameters by spaced apart the fins of the finned tube(s). When flowing through the flow channels, it can be advantageous for more uniform flow through the flow channels if the channel diameter is larger at the inlet of the respective flow channel than at the outlet of the respective flow channel. In addition, the at least one gas component to be desublimated desublimates more evenly at the flow channel walls over the length of the respective flow channel. The tube shape of the finned tube(s) can be circular, oval, or square.

[0020] Furthermore, the inlet area of ​​the desublimation zone is defined by the fictitious separation area between the gas inlet distribution chamber and the desublimation zone. For the sake of simplicity, the surfaces of the respective flow channel walls located within the separation area are also assigned to the inlet area of ​​the desublimation zone. The outlet area of ​​the desublimation zone is defined by the fictitious separation area between the gas outlet distribution chamber and the desublimation zone. For the sake of simplicity, the surfaces of the respective flow channel walls located within the separation area are also assigned to the outlet area of ​​the desublimation zone.

[0021] The ratio between the inlet area of ​​the desublimation zone and the distance between the inlet and outlet areas of the desublimation zone should preferably be greater than 5 [m 2 / m], where the inlet area in square meters [m 2] and the distance between the inlet and outlet surfaces of the desublimation zone is to be measured in metres [m].

[0022] By maintaining the preferred range for the ratio, significantly excessive desublimation at the flow channel walls in the region of the inlet surface of the desublimation zone is avoided. This is because increased desublimation at a flow channel wall significantly reduces the minimum free gas passage area of ​​the respective flow channel within a very short loading time, which would rapidly increase the pressure loss across the respective flow channel at the beginning of the loading process and ultimately clog the respective flow channel after a very short loading time, even if desublimation at the respective flow channel wall essentially only occurs in the region of the inlet surface of the desublimation zone.

[0023] The more inlet area is available, the less likely increased desublimation at the flow channel walls in the area of ​​the inlet area of ​​the desublimation zone can lead to a significantly greater pressure loss or even to blockage.

[0024] In order to design a desublimator in a cost-effective and space-saving manner, the ratio between the inlet area of ​​the desublimation zone and the distance between the inlet and outlet areas of the desublimation zone should preferably be less than 100 [m 2 / m], where the inlet area in square meters [m 2 ] and the distance between the inlet and outlet surfaces of the desublimation zone is to be measured in meters [m]. Overall, it follows that the ratio between the inlet surface of the desublimation zone and the distance between the inlet and outlet surfaces of the desublimation zone is preferably in the range of 5 to 100 m. 2 / m is located.

[0025] To control the temperature of the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone, one or more flowable fluid lines can be arranged within the desublimation zone, for example, through which a heating or cooling medium can flow, thus controlling the temperature of the walls of the fluid line(s). The flow channel walls are accordingly temperature-controlled through the heat transfer between the flow channel walls and the flowable fluid line(s). Additionally or alternatively, temperature control can be achieved by an external, flowable fluid line or by several external, flowable fluid lines arranged on the outside of the housing wall.In this case, the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone are tempered accordingly by the heat transfer between the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone and the outer, flowable fluid line(s), whereby the heat transfer naturally also takes place through the housing wall in between.

[0026] If a coolant flows through the inner or outer fluid line(s) during the loading process, the walls of the flow channels are cooled due to heat conduction between the flow channel walls and the fluid line(s), so that the at least one gas component to be desublimated can desublimate on the walls of the flow channels. If a heating medium flows through the inner or outer fluid line(s) during the melting process, the walls of the flow channels are heated due to heat conduction between the flow channel walls and the fluid line(s), so that the gas component(s) desublimated on the walls of the flow channels can melt. For example, a different or the same heat transfer oil, such as Diphyl DT, can be used as the heating or coolant.

[0027] In this document, the term "desublimated at the flow channel walls" generally refers to a deposition process in which at least one gas component to be desublimated contained in a gas mixture flow is cooled to such an extent that it desublimates and deposits on the flow channel walls. The desublimated gas component(s) adhere(s) accordingly to the flow channel walls in the solid state.

[0028] Depending on the prevailing thermodynamic conditions, the term "desublimated" can also be understood in this document to mean that in the desublimation zone, a phase change initially occurs in at least a portion of the gas mixture flow from a gaseous to a liquid state, and only then does a phase change from the liquid to the solid state occur. The flow channel walls of the desublimation zone are accordingly at least partially wetted with the liquid created by the phase change. Due to the cooled flow channel walls, the phase change from the liquid to the solid state takes place at the flow channel walls within a very short time. In summary, in this case too, the gas component to be desublimated on the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone and accordingly adheres to the flow channel walls in the solid state.

[0029] In this document, the term "gas inlet distribution chamber" generally refers to a chamber within the desublimator defined by the housing wall of the desublimator, the inlet surface of the desublimator, and the desublimation zone. During a loading process, a gas mixture flows through the gas inlet distribution chamber, with the gas mixture flowing in through an inlet on the desublimator. Adjacent to the gas inlet distribution chamber is the desublimation zone with temperature-controlled flow channel walls. The gas mixture flow can generally only flow out of the gas inlet distribution chamber through this desublimation zone.

[0030] In this document, the term "gas outlet chamber" generally refers to a chamber into which a gas mixture flow can be fed from its adjacent desublimation zone. This chamber typically also has an outlet through which the treated gas mixture flow can flow out of the desublimator.

[0031] Typically, there is also an additional outlet port with a drain valve, which can be a sealed cap, for example. During a melting process, the drain valve is open, allowing the generated melt to flow out of the desublimator. During a loading process, the drain valve is closed, preventing fluid from flowing out of the outlet port. This additional outlet port is typically located at the lowest point in the gas outlet chamber, allowing the melt to flow to the additional outlet port by gravity.

[0032] In this document, the term "discontinuously operated desublimator" generally refers to a desublimator that is typically operated discontinuously with two or three different process cycles. The first process cycle represents a loading process in which the at least one gas component to be desublimated desublimates on the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone. During the loading process, the flow channel walls are cooled. The second process cycle represents a melting process in which the desublimated gas component(s) melt by heating the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone and are removed from the desublimator.

[0033] The third process cycle represents an optional recooling process, in which the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone are cooled after the desublimated gas component(s) have been removed from the desublimator. Instead of the recooling process, the cooling of the flow channel walls can also take place at the beginning of the loading process.

[0034] In this document, the term "loading process" generally refers to a process cycle during the operation of a desublimator, in which the desublimator is operated until a predetermined loading or loading time of one or more desublimated gas components on the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone is reached. The loading is understood to be the deposited mass of one or more desublimated gas components on the flow channel walls.

[0035] In this document, the term "loading capacity" is generally understood to mean the total mass of desublimated gas component or desublimated gas components that desublimate at the flow channel walls during a loading process before the pressure drop between the inlet and outlet of the desublimator exceeds a predetermined value and / or until a predetermined period of time is reached as the loading time.

[0036] In this document, the term "melting process" generally refers to a process cycle during the operation of a desublimator, during which the desublimator has reached its loading capacity and the desublimated gas component(s) subsequently melt by heating the flow channel walls. They can then flow out of the desublimator, for example, through a drain port located at the bottom of the desublimator. Typically, the gas mixture flow into the desublimator is stopped during the melting process. The melting process is also typically referred to as the regeneration process.

[0037] In this document, the term "recooling process" generally refers to an optional process cycle during the operation of a desublimator, in which the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone are cooled after the desublimated gas component(s) have been removed from the desublimator. Typically, the recooling process, in conjunction with the upstream melting process, is also referred to as the regeneration process.

[0038] In this document, the term "guide plate" generally refers to a component that, during the loading process, ensures that a gas mixture flowing from the inlet flows through the flow channels of the desublimation zone with as much uniform distribution as possible. The at least three guide plates can also be heated, for example, by mounting them on the housing side walls of a desublimator in such a way that a sufficient heat flow can flow from the housing side walls to the respective guide plates. A heating element for at least one guide plate, for example, an electric heater in contact with the corresponding guide plate, is also conceivable.

[0039] In this document, the term "porosity of the baffle" defines the ratio between the free area and the total surface area of ​​the baffle. The "porosity of the baffle" thus corresponds to the "relative free area of ​​the baffle." In this document, the term "inflow area" generally refers to an area over which a fluid flows, thus exerting a flow pressure in the direction of the area.

[0040] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the at least three guide plates are each spaced apart from their adjacent guide plates by a distance of 0.01 to 0.9 * D, preferably by a distance of 0.10 to 0.50 * D, where D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle with the same area as the inlet area. This achieves the most evenly distributed flow possible through the flow channels of the desublimation zone, because the gas mixture flow from the inlet is better distributed into the gas inlet distribution chamber.

[0041] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the first guide plate is spaced from the wall of the inlet nozzle in the range from 0 to 1 * D, preferably in the range from 0 to 0.3 * D, and the third guide plate is spaced from the wall of the inlet nozzle in the range from 0 to 1 * D, preferably in the range from 0 to 0.3 * D, where D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle with the same area as the inlet area. This results in the advantage of achieving the most evenly distributed flow possible through the flow channels of the desublimation zone because the gas mixture flow from the inlet is better distributed into the gas inlet distribution space.

[0042] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the at least three guide plates each extend with their transverse axis essentially at least to one of the two opposite housing side walls, preferably to the two opposite housing side walls of the desublimator. This achieves a flow that is as evenly distributed as possible in the gas inlet distribution chamber, because the gas mixture flow in the gas inlet distribution chamber is at least partially separated in the direction of the transverse axis of the desublimator. Consequently, a flow that is as evenly distributed as possible through the flow channels of the desublimation zone is achieved.

[0043] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the at least three guide plates each have a length along their transverse axis in the range from 0.1 to 5 * D, preferably in the range from 0.5 to 5 * D, particularly preferably in the range from 1.0 to 3 * D, where D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle with the same area as the inlet area. This achieves a flow that is as evenly distributed as possible in the gas inlet distribution space because the gas mixture flow in the gas inlet distribution space is at least partially separated in the direction of the transverse axis of the desublimator. Consequently, a flow that is as evenly distributed as possible through the flow channels of the desublimation zone is achieved.In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the at least three guide plates each have a length along their longitudinal axis in the range from 0.1 to 9 * D, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 3 * D and particularly preferably in the range from 0.2 to 1.25 * D, where L corresponds to the length of the longitudinal axis of the desublimator. This has the advantage of achieving a flow that is as evenly distributed as possible in the gas inlet distribution space because the gas mixture flow in the gas inlet distribution space is at least partially separated in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the desublimator. Consequently, a flow that is as evenly distributed as possible through the flow channels of the desublimation zone is achieved.

[0044] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the at least three guide plates each have an interior angle in the range of 0 to 90°, preferably in the range of 5 to 85°, with the respective interior angle being determined between the longitudinal axis of the respective guide plate and the longitudinal axis of the flow channel walls. This orientation of the guide plates achieves a flow that is as evenly distributed as possible in the gas inlet distribution chamber. Consequently, a flow that is as evenly distributed as possible through the flow channels of the desublimation zone is achieved.

[0045] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the at least three guide vanes each have an interior angle designed such that the extension of the respective guide vanes in the direction of their longitudinal axis intersects the inlet surface of the desublimation zone such that the inlet surface of the desublimation zone is essentially divided into equal areas. This orientation of the guide vanes ensures that the gas mixture flow is distributed as evenly as possible across the inlet surface of the desublimation zone. Consequently, a flow as evenly distributed as possible through the flow channels of the desublimation zone is achieved.

[0046] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the internal angles of the guide plates can be adjustable outside and / or inside the desublimator.

[0047] This offers the advantage that the guide vanes can be optimally adjusted from the outside and / or from the inside depending on the operating mode of the desublimator in order to achieve the most evenly distributed flow through the flow channels of the desublimation zone.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the at least three guide plates are each arranged such that the inlet surface intersects with the respective guide plates or with the extensions of the respective guide plates along their longitudinal axis such that the inlet surface is divided essentially into equal-sized areas. In the case of more than three guide plates, the additional guide plates can also be fixed to the edge of the inlet surface or fixed outside the inlet surface such that their extensions along their longitudinal axis do not intersect the inlet surface. Due to this orientation of the guide plates, the gas mixture flow is distributed as evenly as possible over the inlet surface of the desublimation zone. Consequently, a flow that is as evenly distributed as possible through the flow channels of the desublimation zone is achieved.

[0049] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the at least three guide plates each have a straight, wavy, folded, or curved, flat profile, preferably a lamella profile. This provides the advantage that the gas mixture flow into the gas inlet distribution chamber is distributed as efficiently and effectively as possible, achieving a flow that is as evenly distributed as possible through the flow channels of the desublimation zone.

[0050] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, at least one guide plate is oriented relative to the housing side wall such that the flow channels of the desublimation zone in the region of the inlet surface, preferably the flow channels that are at a distance from the inlet surface in the range of 0 to 30% of the length of the desublimator, flow more evenly through the flow channels near the housing side wall. This offers an advantage for desublimators that have a larger width-to-length ratio. This is because the gas mixture flow is better distributed to the housing side walls by such oriented guide plates. Consequently, the most evenly distributed flow possible through the flow channels of the desublimation zone is achieved.

[0051] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, at least one of the at least three guide plates has a porosity in the range of 0 to 80%, preferably in the range of 0 to 50%. In special cases, a guide plate could deflect the gas mixture flow too much, resulting in too much flow through a few flow channels. The porosity of the guide plate prevents or sufficiently reduces this effect.

[0052] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the inlet surface has a distance from the housing wall in the range of 0 to 10.0 * D, preferably in the range of 0.2 to 0.6 * D, where D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle with the same area as the inlet surface. This optimally positions the inlet surface in the gas inlet distribution chamber to achieve the most evenly distributed flow through the flow channels of the desublimation zone.

[0053] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the desublimation zone has a distance from the inlet surface in the range of 0.01 to 3 * D, preferably in the range of 0.1 to 0.5 * D, where D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle with the same area as the inlet surface. As a result, the gas mixture flow at the inlet influences the flow through the desublimation zone less significantly, whereby a flow that is as evenly distributed as possible through the flow channels of the desublimation zone is achieved. In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the at least three guide vanes each have a distance from the inlet surface in the range of 0 to 300 mm, wherein the respective distance is dimensioned along the longitudinal axis of the desublimator.As a result, the guide vanes are optimally arranged relative to the inlet surface, whereby the gas mixture flow is efficiently and effectively deflected so that the most evenly distributed flow possible is achieved through the flow channels of the desublimation zone.

[0054] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the desublimator has a horizontal longitudinal axis oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the flow channels of the desublimation zone, and the gas inlet distribution chamber is arranged above the desublimation zone. This provides the advantage that during the loading process, the cooling of the gas mixture flow occurring in the flow channels of the desublimation zone causes the gas mixture to flow more strongly toward the gas outlet chamber due to the resulting convection effect.

[0055] In a preferred embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention, the flow channel walls are formed by the outer walls of a tube bundle, a finned tube, a finned tube bundle, a finned body, a honeycomb body, and / or a plate body. This offers the advantage that, during the loading process, the at least one gas component to be desublimated efficiently desublimates at the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone, and that the pressure loss across the desublimation zone is minimized during the loading process.

[0056] Another object of the invention is a method for operating a desublimator according to the invention.

[0057] In the method according to the invention for operating a desublimator according to the invention, during the loading process of the desublimator, the gas mixture flow containing at least one gas component to be desublimated flows in at the inlet at a mass flow of at least 0.01 kg / s, at a temperature in the range from above the desublimation temperature given at the existing pressure to 300 °C above the desublimation temperature of the at least one gas component to be desublimated at the existing pressure, and at an absolute pressure in the range from 0.1 to 10.00 bar, preferably in the range from 0.5 to 1.5 bar, particularly preferably in the range from 1.05 to 1.10 bar. The flow channel walls of the desublimation zone are cooled to a temperature in the range from 150 °C below the desublimation temperature given at the existing pressure to 1 °C below the desublimation temperature given at the existing pressure.The at least one gas component to be desublimated in the gas mixture flow desublimates at least partially within the desublimator. Preferably, the at least one gas component to be desublimated desublimates in the range of 10 to 100 wt. %, based on the at least one gas component of the gas mixture flow to be desublimated flowing in at the inlet. Particularly preferably, the at least one gas component to be desublimated desublimates in the range of 50 to 100 wt. %, based on the at least one gas component of the gas mixture flow to be desublimated flowing in at the inlet. If there are multiple gas components to be desublimated in the gas mixture flow, the ranges specified above refer to the respective gas component to be desublimated.

[0058] This results in the advantage that during the loading process, at least one gas component to be desublimated efficiently desublimates at the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone, and that the pressure loss across the desublimation zone is minimized. Furthermore, the gas mixture flows more evenly through the flow channels of the desublimation zone.

[0059] In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for operating a desublimator according to the invention, the pressure loss between the inlet and the outlet of the desublimator during the loading process is a maximum of 80 mbar, preferably a maximum of 40 mbar, particularly preferably a maximum of 20 mbar.

[0060] This offers the advantage that the pressure drop does not become excessive during maximum load operation of the loading process. If the pressure drop does become excessive, the mass flow of the gas mixture at the inlet could decrease. In this case, a compressor or fan could be used to achieve the desired mass flow of the gas mixture at the inlet. However, this poses the risk that the pump could become clogged with at least one gas component to be desublimated during operation, thus requiring shutdown.

[0061] In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for operating a desublimator according to the invention, after reaching a predetermined loading of the at least one desublimated gas component on the flow channel walls of the desublimator or after reaching a predetermined loading time, a melting process takes place, which comprises the following steps:

[0062] • Stop the supply of the gas mixture flow into the desublimator,

[0063] • Heating the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone to a temperature in the range from the desublimation temperature given at the existing pressure to 300 °C above the desublimation temperature of the at least one gas component to be desublimated given at the existing pressure, • Melting the at least one desublimated gas component in the desublimator to obtain a melt, and

[0064] • Discharge of the melt from the desublimator, wherein the discharge preferably takes place through an outlet nozzle on the housing wall of the gas outlet chamber, wherein the outlet nozzle is preferably located at the lowest point of the desublimator.

[0065] This offers the advantage of a more efficient melting process. For example, scraping the desublimated gas component(s) from the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone is not necessary.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for operating a desublimator according to the invention, after the melt has been removed from the desublimator, a recooling process takes place in which the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone are cooled to a temperature in the range from 150 °C below the desublimation temperature given at the existing pressure to 1 °C below the desublimation temperature given at the existing pressure.

[0067] This offers the advantage that the flow channels of the desublimation zone already have the required temperature for desublimation before the loading process. Thus, at least one gas component to be desublimated is efficiently separated from the gas mixture flow right at the beginning of the loading process.

[0068] In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for operating a desublimator according to the invention, the at least one gas component to be desublimated contains predominantly phthalic anhydride, preferably only phthalic anhydride, in its mass fraction.

[0069] In a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for operating a desublimator according to the invention, the concentration of the at least one gas component to be desublimated in the gas mixture flow at the inlet is in the range from 0.001 to 50 wt.%, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 10 wt.%.

[0070] This results in the advantage that at least one gas component to be desublimated is efficiently separated from the gas mixture flow.

[0071] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawings. The drawings are to be understood as schematic representations. They do not represent a limitation of the invention, for example, with regard to specific dimensions or design variants. They show: Fig. 1: A drawing of a first exemplary embodiment of a desublimator according to the invention in longitudinal section.

[0072] Fig. 2: A drawing of the first exemplary embodiment of a desublimator according to the invention according to Figure 1 in cross section.

[0073] Fig. 3: A drawing of a second exemplary embodiment of a desublimator according to the invention in longitudinal section.

[0074] Fig. 4: A drawing of a third exemplary embodiment of a desublimator according to the invention in cross section along the inlet surface of the inlet.

[0075] Fig. 5: A drawing of a fourth exemplary embodiment of a desublimator according to the invention in longitudinal section.

[0076] Fig. 6: A perspective view of a desublimator without a baffle according to a first comparative example, showing the velocities of the gas mixture flow along the longitudinal axis of the flow channels on the area shown at the beginning of the loading process. The area shown lies in the uppermost surface of the desublimation zone.

[0077] Fig. 7: A perspective view of a fifth exemplary embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention shown in Fig. 5, wherein the velocities of the gas mixture flow in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the flow channels are shown on the area shown at the beginning of the loading process. Here, the area shown lies in the uppermost surface of the desublimation zone.

[0078] Fig. 8: A perspective view of a sixth exemplary embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention shown in Fig. 5, wherein the velocities of the gas mixture flow in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the flow channels are shown on the area shown at the beginning of the loading process. Here, the area shown lies in the uppermost surface of the desublimation zone.

[0079] Fig. 9: A perspective view of a seventh exemplary embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention shown in Fig. 5, wherein the velocities of the gas mixture flow in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the flow channels are shown on the area shown at the beginning of the loading process. Here, the area shown lies in the uppermost surface of the desublimation zone.

[0080] Fig. 10: A perspective view of an eighth exemplary embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention as shown in Fig. 5, wherein the velocities of the gas mixture flow in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the flow channels are shown on the area shown at the beginning of the loading process. The area shown lies in the uppermost surface of the desublimation zone. Fig. 11: A perspective view of a ninth exemplary embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention as shown in Fig. 5, wherein the velocities of the gas mixture flow in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the flow channels are shown on the area shown at the beginning of the loading process. The area shown lies in the uppermost surface of the desublimation zone.

[0081] Fig. 12: A perspective view of a tenth exemplary embodiment of the desublimator according to the invention shown in Fig. 5, wherein the velocities of the gas mixture flow in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the flow channels are shown on the area shown at the beginning of the loading process. Here, the area shown lies in the uppermost surface of the desublimation zone.

[0082] List of reference symbols used:

[0083] 1 desublimator

[0084] 2 Entrance

[0085] 3 Gas inlet distribution room

[0086] 4 Desublimation zone

[0087] 5 Gas outlet room

[0088] 6 Outlet

[0089] 7 Housing wall

[0090] 8a First guide plate

[0091] 8b Second guide plate

[0092] 8c Third guide plate

[0093] 9 Inlet area

[0094] 10 inlet nozzles

[0095] 11 Outlet nozzle

[0096] 12 outlet area

[0097] 17 Additional outlet nozzle with a drain valve

[0098] AED distance between the desublimation zone and the inlet port

[0099] AT Distance between the inlet nozzle and the housing wall

[0100] B Width of the desublimator

[0101] D equivalent diameter g gravity vector

[0102] H Height of the desublimator

[0103] L Length of the desublimator

[0104] Figure 1 shows a first exemplary embodiment of a desublimator 1 according to the invention with a length L in longitudinal section, wherein the gravity vector g is represented by an arrow at the bottom right of Figure 1 and the xy coordinate system is represented at the bottom left of Figure 1. The desublimator 1 has a horizontal longitudinal axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the flow channels of the desublimation zone 4. The desublimator 1 has an inlet 2 with an inlet nozzle 10 through which, during a loading process, a gas mixture flow containing at least one gas component to be desublimated flows into the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 of the desublimator 1. A virtual inlet surface 9 is represented by dashed lines, indicating the virtual gas passage surface, which is located at the rearmost edge of the inlet nozzle 10 in the main flow direction. The distance AT defines the distance between the inlet surface 9 and the housing wall 7.Here, the housing wall 7 serves as the outer boundary of the desublimator 1. A desublimation zone 4 with temperature-controlled flow channel walls separates the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 from a gas outlet chamber 5. The desublimation zone is connected to the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 such that during the loading process, the gas mixture flow can flow from the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 to the desublimation zone 4. In addition, the desublimation zone 4 is connected to a gas outlet chamber 5 such that during the loading process, the gas mixture flow can flow from the desublimation zone 4 to the gas outlet chamber 5. An outlet 6 is arranged at the gas outlet chamber 5 so that the gas mixture flow can flow out of the desublimator 1 during the loading process. For this purpose, an outlet surface 12 is provided on the housing wall 7, with an outlet nozzle 11 being arranged around the outlet surface 12.

[0105] The desublimation zone 4 preferably has a volume in the range of 1 to 100 m 3 .

[0106] Three guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c are arranged in the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 so that the gas mixture flows more evenly through the flow channels during the loading process. The gas mixture should flow through as large a proportion of the total area of ​​all flow channel walls of the desublimation zone 4 as possible, so that the gas mixture flows from the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 toward the gas outlet chamber 5. This provides the largest possible area for desublimation.

[0107] The maximum velocity at which the gas flows through the flow channels of the desublimation zone 4 should be as close as possible to the mean value of the velocities through the flow channels in order to prevent rapid clogging of individual flow channels. In addition, backflow of the treated gas mixture from the gas outlet chamber 5 towards the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 should be avoided as much as possible in order to avoid a significant pressure loss across the desublimation zone 4. There is also an additional outlet nozzle 17 with a drain valve, which can be a sealing cover, for example. During the loading process, the drain valve is closed, preventing any gas mixture from flowing out of the additional outlet nozzle 17. During a melting process, however, the drain valve is open, allowing the produced melt to flow out of the desublimator.Typically, this additional outlet nozzle 17 is located at the lowest point of the gas outlet chamber so that the melt can flow to the additional outlet nozzle 17 due to gravity.

[0108] Figure 2 shows a cross-section of the first exemplary embodiment of a desublimator 1 according to the invention according to Figure 1, wherein the desublimator 1 has a height H and a width B. The zy coordinate system is shown at the bottom left of Figure 2. The cross-section shows the housing wall 7, the gas inlet distribution chamber 3, the desublimation zone 4, the at least three guide plates 8a, 8b and 8c, the distance AED between the desublimation zone 4 and the inlet surface 9, the gas outlet chamber 5, the outlet surface 12 and the inlet surface 9 with its diameter D.

[0109] Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section of a second exemplary embodiment of a desublimator 1 according to the invention in a partial section, showing only those parts of the desublimator 1 that are arranged in the main flow direction up to the inlet surface of the desublimation zone 4. The desublimator 1 is oriented as in the first embodiment according to Figure 1.

[0110] The desublimator 1 has a horizontal longitudinal axis perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the flow channels of the desublimation zone 4. The desublimator 1 has an inlet 2 with a diameter D and an inlet nozzle 10 through which, during a loading process, a gas mixture flow containing at least one gas component to be desublimated flows into the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 of the desublimator 1. An inlet surface 9 is shown with dashed lines, indicating the gas passage surface, which is located at the rearmost edge of the inlet nozzle 10 in the main flow direction. The distance A T defines the distance between the inlet surface 9 and the housing wall 7. The housing wall 7 serves as the outer boundary of the desublimator 1 . The distance A E D defines the distance between the inlet surface 9 and the desublimation zone 4.

[0111] According to the invention, three guide plates 8a, 8b, and 8c are arranged in the gas inlet distribution chamber 3, which in this embodiment are also located at least partially in the inlet nozzle 10. For the first guide plate 8a, the distance AE-LB,3 defines the distance between the inlet surface 9 and the point of the first guide plate 8a arranged first in the main flow direction, wherein the distance AE-LB,3 is measured along the longitudinal axis of the desublimator (1). Similarly, for the second guide plate 8b, the distance A E -LB,b the distance between the inlet surface 9 and the point of the second guide plate 8b arranged first in the main flow direction, wherein the distance A E-LB,b is dimensioned along the longitudinal axis of the desublimator (1). Furthermore, for the third guide plate 8c, the distance AE-LB,C defines the distance between the inlet surface 9 and the point of the third guide plate 8c arranged first in the main flow direction, wherein the distance AE-LB,C is dimensioned along the longitudinal axis of the desublimator (1). The distance H L B,w- a defines the distance between the first guide plate 8a and the wall of the inlet nozzle 10. Accordingly, the distance H L B,CW defines the distance between the third guide plate 8c and the wall of the inlet nozzle 10. The distance H LB,ab defines the distance between the first guide plate 8a and the second guide plate 8b. Similarly, the distance Hi_B,bc defines the distance between the second guide plate 8b and the third guide plate 8c.

[0112] The first guide plate 8a is angled by an internal angle ainclined to the inlet surface of the desublimation zone 4, whereby the interior angle a between the longitudinal axis of the first guide plate 8a and the longitudinal axis of the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone 4.

[0113] The second guide plate 8b is angled by an internal angle b inclined to the inlet surface of the desublimation zone 4, wherein the internal angle ab is dimensioned between the longitudinal axis of the second guide plate 8b and the longitudinal axis of the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone 4.

[0114] The third guide plate 8c is angled by an internal angle c inclined to the inlet surface of the desublimation zone 4, whereby the interior angle c between the longitudinal axis of the third guide plate 8c and the longitudinal axis of the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone 4.

[0115] Figure 4 shows a cross section along the inlet surface 9 of a third exemplary embodiment of a desublimator 1 according to the invention, wherein five guide plates 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d and 8e are positioned such that they divide the inlet surface 9 into equal-sized areas EF a , EF b , EF C , EF d and EF e and EF f In this embodiment, the guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d extend in their transverse axis even beyond the inlet surface 9 to the opposite housing side walls 7. In addition, the respective distance AE-LB,a, AE-LB,b, AE-LB,C and AE-LB,CI between the inlet surface 9 and the edge of the corresponding guide vane 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d arranged first in the main flow direction is zero.

[0116] Independently of this embodiment, it is generally possible for the guide plates 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d to extend inside the inlet nozzle 10 substantially to the edge of the inlet surface 9, and to enlarge in their transverse axis outside the inlet nozzle 10, preferably substantially to the opposite housing side walls.

[0117] Examples

[0118] The following examples of the loading process of a desublimator are modeled using numerical fluid dynamics simulations. Numerical fluid dynamics simulations are also often referred to as computational fluid dynamics (CFD). The ANSYS Fluent software was used for this purpose. It can be found at https: / / www.ansys.com / de-de / products / fluids / ansys-fluent (accessed on October 25, 2023). ANSYS Fluent is a comprehensive simulation software used for modeling, simulating, and optimizing fluid dynamic processes, systems, and components in industry.

[0119] The simulations in the following examples are based on a steady-state simulation using the RANS turbulence model. The default settings of the Fluent Solver version 22.1 are used.

[0120] Example 1

[0121] A thermodynamic simulation of an inventive embodiment of the method for operating an inventive desublimator 1 according to Figure 5 was carried out in Fluent. This example 1 differs from the first inventive embodiment according to Figure 1 only in the positioning of the inlet nozzle and the number, dimensions, positioning, and orientation of the guide vanes.

[0122] The length L of the desublimator 1 is 7.24 m, the width B of the desublimator 1 is 2.85 m, the height H of the desublimator 1 is 4.56 m, the height of the desublimation zone is 1.7 m, the diameter D of the circular inlet surface 9 is 0.79 m, the diameter D of the circular outlet surface 12 is 0.79 m, the internal volume of the gas inlet distribution space is 23.8 m 3 and the internal volume of the gas outlet chamber is 24.9 m 3 .

[0123] The ratio between the inlet area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 and the distance between the inlet and outlet areas of the desublimation zone 4 is 13.1 [m 2 / m].

[0124] Desublimation zone 4 has a volume of 32.58 m 3 The surface area of ​​all flow channel walls in desublimation zone 4 is 5000 m 2 . This means that a cooling surface of 5000 m 2 before and for the melting process there is a heating surface of 5000 m 2 before.

[0125] In the simulation, however, due to the computing power required, the finned tubes are simplified so that a porous zone represents the four finned tube bundles. The pressure drop across the flow channels of desublimation zone 4 is thus efficiently calculated. The porous zone is described in more detail in Chapter 6.2.3 of the ANSYS Fluent User's Guide dated February 17, 2016, which is provided by ANSYS, Inc. on its website "https: / / www.ansys.com / ". Furthermore, such a porous zone is also depicted on page 44 of the website "Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) of Chemical Processes - Google Books" (accessed September 5, 2022). In this case, the flow directions of the gas mixture within the flow channels, which would deviate from the longitudinal axis of the flow channels, are at least predominantly aligned by a corresponding pressure drop so that these flow directions also point in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the flow channels.

[0126] In this example 1, the inlet surface 9 is arranged flush with the housing wall 7 of the desublimator 1, whereby the distance AT is zero according to Figure 3.

[0127] The distance AED according to Figure 3 is 0.310 m and the distance AE-LB according to Figure 3 is 0.000 m for each of the six arranged guide vanes.

[0128] The diameter D of the circular inlet surface 9 is 0.797 m.

[0129] According to the invention, as shown in Figure 5, six guide plates 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and 8f are arranged in the gas inlet distribution chamber 3, each of which has its first arranged edge in the main flow direction in the inlet surface 9 or on the edge of the inlet surface 9.

[0130] Five guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d and 8e of the six guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and 8f are positioned so that they divide the inlet surface 9 into equal areas EF a , EFb, EF C , EFd, EF eand EFf, as shown for five guide vanes in Figure 4.

[0131] In this example 1, however, in contrast to Figure 4, the five guide vanes each have a length along their transverse axis depending on the position of their first arranged edge in the inlet surface 9. Thus, the length of the transverse axis of the individual five guide vanes is limited to the edge of the inlet surface 9.

[0132] Essentially, the guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and 8f should preferably be wider than the jet of the incoming gas mixture flow into the desublimation zone 4. Otherwise, the jet could flow around the guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and 8f.

[0133] Furthermore, the six guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f provide sufficient wall area for the gas mixture flow to flow along them. Thus, the gas mixture flow is essentially guided along the guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f.

[0134] However, the distances between adjacent baffles 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f should not be too small to prevent a significant increase in pressure loss across the desublimator. As a general rule, therefore, too many baffles 8 should not be installed.

[0135] A distance between adjacent guide vanes 8 of at least 0.10 * D is recommended, where D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle having the same area as the inlet surface 9.

[0136] The length of the guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and 8f along their longitudinal axis have the following values:

[0137] Guide plate 8a: 0.749 m

[0138] Baffle 8b: 0.683 m Baffle 8c: 0.621 m

[0139] Guide plate 8d: 0.533 m

[0140] Guide plate 8e: 0.337 m

[0141] Guide plate 8f: 0.797 m

[0142] The guide plate 8f is fixed at the uppermost point of the inlet surface 9, wherein the edge of the guide plate 8f arranged first in the main flow direction is fixed at the uppermost point of the inlet surface 9 in such a way that the uppermost point is located in the middle of the edge.

[0143] Furthermore, a shorter length is used for the lowest guide plate 8e, since the lowest guide plate 8f would otherwise extend too close to the desublimation zone 4 and could reduce an even distribution along the inflow surface of the desublimation zone 4.

[0144] Preferred lengths for the guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f are in the range of 3 to 5 times the equivalent diameter of the inlet area 9. These values ​​are usually sufficient to redirect the gas mixture flow without significantly increasing the pressure loss. Excessively long vanes are more complex to arrange and secure. Furthermore, they also represent a thermal mass, which may require heating for one or more of the guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f in individual cases.

[0145] In addition, the six guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and 8f are arranged with their respective interior angles oca, ab, a c , ad, a e and af are aligned according to Figure 3 such that their respective extension along their respective longitudinal axis intersects the inlet surface of the desublimation zone 4 in such a way that the inlet surface of the desublimation zone 4 is divided into six equal surfaces FL a , FLb, FL C , FLd, FL e and FLf.

[0146] Since the six guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f do not extend to the opposite housing side walls 7, the six guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f are each fictitiously extended along their transverse axes as if the individual guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, and 8d extended to the opposite housing side walls 7. As a result, the six equally sized surfaces each extend to the opposite housing side walls 7.

[0147] In the following, the values ​​of the interior angles are given in degrees, where the respective interior angle oc a , a b ,oc c , oc d , oc e ,oc f between the longitudinal axis of the respective guide plate 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and 8f and the longitudinal axis of the flow channel walls: a a = 81 ,6 ab = 81 ,1 a c = 79.4 ad = 76.1 a e = 69.0 otf = 81.6

[0148] Rather larger interior angles oca , a b ,oc c , oc d , oc e ,oc f , preferably in the range of 70 to 89 °, are required if the rear area of ​​the inflow surface of the desublimation zone 4 in the longitudinal axis of the desublimator is to be subjected to increased flow, whereas smaller interior angles, preferably in the range of 20 to 50 °, are required if the front area of ​​the inflow surface of the desublimation zone 4 in the longitudinal axis of the desublimator is to be subjected to increased flow.

[0149] The simulation produces the following results:

[0150] A gas mixture flow with a mass flow of 30 t / h, an absolute pressure of 1.086 bar, and a temperature of 178 °C is fed to the desublimator 1 through an inlet 2. The mass flow of the gas mixture flow contains PSA as the gas component to be desublimated at a concentration of 3 wt. %, resulting in a molar mass of 29.7 g / mol. Under the prevailing thermodynamic conditions, the dynamic viscosity of the gas mixture flow is 2.26*10-5 Pa*s. The housing wall has a temperature of 178 °C.

[0151] The pressure loss between inlet 2 and outlet 6 of desublimator 1 is 3.42 mbar.

[0152] The inflow area is 11.9 m 2from the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 to the gas outlet chamber 5. A backflow occurs in the remaining portion of the inlet area. The maximum velocity of the gas mixture flow through the desublimation zone 4 is 5.5 m / s, and the average velocity of the gas mixture flow through the desublimation zone 4 is 0.46 m / s.

[0153] The achieved uniform distribution of the gas mixture flow through the flow channels is evaluated based on the following flow simulation results:

[0154] Figure 7 shows the inflow area of ​​the desublimation zone 4, wherein the velocities of the gas mixture flow are shown in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the flow channels at the beginning of the loading process, and wherein the inflow area is located in the uppermost surface of the desublimation zone 4. At the beginning of the loading process, the desublimation at the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone 4 takes place predominantly in an area located on the opposite side of the inlet surface 9. As the loading process progresses, the location of the desublimation shifts towards the inlet surface 9. The velocities whose velocity vectors are oriented in the direction of the main flow direction of the gas mixture flow through the flow channels of the desublimation zone 4 are shown in black if the magnitude of the velocity is greater than or equal to 10 m / s.The velocities whose velocity vectors are oriented in the opposite direction to the main flow direction of the gas mixture flow through the flow channels of the desublimation zone 4 are shown in white if the magnitude of the velocity is greater than 0 m / s.

[0155] A comparison of Figures 6 and 7 shows that, in a desublimator 1 according to the invention as shown in Figure 7, the gas mixture flows through a larger area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 in the direction of the gas outlet chamber 5. Furthermore, the guide plates 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f according to the invention cause the rear area of ​​the gas inlet distribution chamber 3, in the main flow direction, to exhibit velocity directions oriented in the direction of the gas outlet chamber 5 across the entire width B of the desublimator 1.

[0156] This prevents higher velocities in the flow channels of desublimation zone 4, and the pressure loss across desublimation zone 4 is correspondingly lower. A strong flow through individual flow channels would lead to rapid clogging. In extreme cases, this could even result in desublimation at the flow channel walls only being able to take place partially due to the high velocities of the gas mixture flow. The guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f reduce excessive velocities and the resulting backflow in neighboring flow channels, thereby avoiding or at least partially preventing the aforementioned effects.

[0157] Furthermore, the gas mixture flow entering desublimation zone 4 is refracted and distributed in sections across the surface of the desublimator. Six individual jets impinge on six corresponding sections of the inflow surface of desublimation zone 4.

[0158] The baffles ensure that the individual jets do not flow perpendicularly to the inflow surface of desublimation zone 4, but rather parallel to the inflow surface of desublimation zone 4. This further improves the flow.

[0159] Example 2

[0160] Example 2 according to the invention corresponds to Example 6 except for the length of the guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f along their longitudinal axes. The length of the guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f along their longitudinal axes has the following values:

[0161] Guide plate 8a: 0.950 m

[0162] Guide plate 8b: 0.889 m

[0163] Guide plate 8c: 0.824 m

[0164] Baffle 8d: 0.704 m Baffle 8e: 0.454 m Baffle 8f: 0.996 m

[0165] The inflow area is 10.6 m 2 from the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 to the gas outlet chamber 5. A backflow occurs in the remaining area of ​​the inflow area.

[0166] The pressure loss between inlet 2 and outlet 6 of desublimator 1 is 4.52 mbar.

[0167] Figure 8 shows the inflow area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 analogous to the inflow area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 from Example 1.

[0168] From a comparison of Figures 6 and 8, it can be seen that in a desublimator 1 according to the invention as shown in Figure 8, the gas mixture flows through a larger area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 in the direction of the gas outlet chamber 5. Furthermore, the guide plates 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f according to the invention cause the rear area of ​​the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 in the main flow direction to exhibit velocity directions oriented in the direction of the gas outlet chamber 5 across the entire width B of the desublimator 1.

[0169] This prevents higher velocities in the flow channels of desublimation zone 4, and the pressure loss across desublimation zone 4 is correspondingly lower. A strong flow through individual flow channels would lead to rapid clogging. In extreme cases, this could even result in desublimation at the flow channel walls only being able to take place partially due to the high velocities of the gas mixture flow. The baffles 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f reduce excessive velocities and the resulting backflow in neighboring flow channels, thus preventing or at least partially preventing the aforementioned effects. Example 3

[0170] Example 3 according to the invention corresponds to Example 6 except for the length of the guide plates 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and 8f in their longitudinal axis.

[0171] The length of the guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and 8f along their longitudinal axis have the following values:

[0172] Guide plate 8a: 1,554 m

[0173] Baffle 8b: 1.506 m Baffle 8c: 1.452 m Baffle 8d: 1.182 m Baffle 8e: 0.454 m Baffle 8f: 1.594 m

[0174] The inflow area is 10.5 m 2 from the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 to the gas outlet chamber 5. A backflow occurs in the remaining area of ​​the inflow area.

[0175] The pressure loss between inlet 2 and outlet 6 of desublimator 1 is 4.48 mbar.

[0176] Figure 9 shows the inflow area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 analogous to the inflow area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 from Example 1.

[0177] A comparison of Figures 6 and 9 shows that in a desublimator 1 according to the invention as shown in Figure 9, the gas mixture flows through a larger area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 in the direction of the gas outlet chamber 5. Furthermore, the guide plates 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f according to the invention cause the rear area of ​​the gas inlet distribution chamber 3, in the main flow direction, to exhibit velocity directions oriented in the direction of the gas outlet chamber 5 across the entire width B of the desublimator 1. This avoids higher velocities in the flow channels of the desublimation zone 4, and the pressure loss across the desublimation zone 4 is correspondingly lower. A strong flow through individual flow channels would lead to rapid clogging of the same.In extreme cases, this could even lead to desublimation at the flow channel walls only partially occurring due to the high velocities of the gas mixture flow. The baffles 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e, and 8f reduce excessive velocities and the resulting backflow in neighboring flow channels, thus preventing or at least partially mitigating the aforementioned effects.

[0178] Example 4

[0179] Example 4 according to the invention corresponds to example 6 except for the number and length of the guide vanes and the fact that the guide vane 8f is shifted upwards by 0.05 * D, whereby the guide vane 8f is arranged above the inlet nozzle.

[0180] The length of the three guide vanes 8c, 8d and 8f along their longitudinal axis has the following values:

[0181] Guide plate 8c: 0.824 m

[0182] Baffle 8d: 0.704 m Baffle 8f: 0.996 m

[0183] The inflow area is 12.6 m 2 from the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 to the gas outlet chamber 5. A backflow occurs in the remaining area of ​​the inflow area.

[0184] The pressure loss between inlet 2 and outlet 6 of desublimator 1 is 3.74 mbar.

[0185] Figure 10 shows the inflow area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 analogous to the inflow area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 from Example 1.

[0186] A comparison of Figures 6 and 10 shows that, in a desublimator 1 according to the invention as shown in Figure 10, the gas mixture flows through a larger area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 in the direction of the gas outlet chamber 5. Furthermore, the guide plates 8c, 8d, and 8f according to the invention cause the rear area of ​​the gas inlet distribution chamber 3, in the main flow direction, to exhibit velocity directions oriented in the direction of the gas outlet chamber 5 more frequently across the entire width B of the desublimator 1. This avoids higher velocities in the flow channels of the desublimation zone 4, and the pressure loss across the desublimation zone 4 is correspondingly lower. A strong flow through individual flow channels would lead to rapid clogging of the same.In extreme cases, this could even lead to desublimation at the flow channel walls only partially occurring due to the high velocities of the gas mixture flow. The baffles 8c, 8d, and 8f reduce excessive velocities and the resulting backflow in neighboring flow channels, thus preventing or at least partially preventing the aforementioned effects.

[0187] Example 5

[0188] Example 5 according to the invention corresponds to Example 6 except for the number of guide vanes, and the fact that guide vane 8f has been displaced upward by 0.05 * D, whereby guide vane 8f is positioned above the inlet nozzle. D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle with the same area as the inlet surface 9. In this Example 5, three guide vanes 8c, 8d, and 8f are used.

[0189] The pressure loss between inlet 2 and outlet 6 of desublimator 1 is 3.69 mbar.

[0190] The inflow area is 12.0 m 2 from the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 to the gas outlet chamber 5. A backflow occurs in the remaining area of ​​the inflow area.

[0191] Figure 11 shows the inflow area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 analogous to the inflow area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 from Example 1.

[0192] A comparison of Figures 6 and 11 shows that, in a desublimator 1 according to the invention shown in Figure 11, the gas mixture flows through a larger area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 in the direction of the gas outlet chamber 5. Furthermore, the guide plates 8c, 8d, and 8f according to the invention cause the rear area of ​​the gas inlet distribution chamber 3, in the main flow direction, to exhibit velocity directions oriented in the direction of the gas outlet chamber 5 across the entire width B of the desublimator 1. This avoids higher velocities in the flow channels of the desublimation zone 4, and the pressure loss across the desublimation zone 4 is correspondingly lower. A strong flow through individual flow channels would lead to rapid clogging of the same.In extreme cases, this could even lead to desublimation at the flow channel walls only partially occurring due to the high velocities of the gas mixture flow. The baffles 8c, 8d, and 8f reduce excessive velocities and the resulting backflow in neighboring flow channels, thereby preventing or at least partially preventing the aforementioned effects. Example 6.

[0193] Example 6 according to the invention corresponds to Example 1 except for the length of the guide plates 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and 8f in their longitudinal axis and the interior angles of the guide plates 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and 8f.

[0194] The length of the guide vanes 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and 8f along their longitudinal axis have the following values:

[0195] Guide plate 8a: 0.747 m

[0196] Guide plate 8b: 0.676 m

[0197] Baffle 8c: 0.603 m Baffle 8d: 0.475 m Baffle 8e: 0.230 m Baffle 8f: 0.797 m

[0198] In the following, the values ​​of the interior angles are given in degrees, where the respective interior angle oc a , a b ,oc c , oc d , oc e ,oc f between the longitudinal axis of the respective guide plate 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d, 8e and 8f and the longitudinal axis of the flow channel walls: a a = 80.9 ab = 79.7 a c = 76.3 ad = 66.6 a e = 42.2 af = 80.9

[0199] The pressure loss between inlet 2 and outlet 6 of desublimator 1 is 4.40 mbar.

[0200] The inflow area is 10.6 m 2 from the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 to the gas outlet chamber 5. A backflow occurs in the remaining area of ​​the inflow area.

[0201] Figure 12 shows the inflow area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 analogously to the inflow area of ​​the desublimation zone 4. From a comparison of both Figures 6 and 12, it can be seen that in a desublimator 1 according to the invention as shown in Figure 12, the gas mixture flows through a larger area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 in the direction of the gas outlet chamber 5. In addition, the guide plates 8c, 8d, and 8f according to the invention cause the rear area of ​​the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 in the main flow direction to increasingly exhibit velocity directions oriented in the direction of the gas outlet chamber 5 across the entire width B of the desublimator 1. This avoids higher velocities in the flow channels of the desublimation zone 4, and the pressure loss across the desublimation zone 4 is correspondingly lower. A strong flow through individual flow channels would lead to rapid clogging of the same.In extreme cases, this could even lead to desublimation at the flow channel walls only partially occurring due to the high velocities of the gas mixture flow. The baffles 8c, 8d, and 8f reduce excessive velocities and the resulting backflow in neighboring flow channels, thus preventing or at least partially preventing the aforementioned effects.

[0202] Comparison example 1

[0203] Compared to Example 1, there are no baffles. All other features of desublimator 1, as well as the process parameters for the loading process, remained the same. Here, too, a simulation was performed using the Fluent software.

[0204] The achieved uniform distribution of the gas mixture flow through the individual flow channels is evaluated based on the following flow simulation results:

[0205] The pressure loss between inlet 2 and outlet 6 of desublimator 1 is 3.2 mbar.

[0206] The desublimation zone 4 is supplied with gas from the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 via an inflow surface, whereby the inflow surface corresponds to the uppermost surface of the desublimation zone 4.

[0207] The inflow area is 8.7 m 2from the gas inlet distribution chamber 3 to the gas outlet chamber 5. A backflow occurs in the remaining portion of the inflow area. The maximum velocity of the gas mixture flow through the desublimation zone 4 is 11.2 m / s, and the average velocity of the gas mixture flow through the desublimation zone 4 is 0.46 m / s. The inflow area of ​​the desublimation zone 4 is shown in Figure 6, with the velocities of the gas mixture flow at the beginning of the loading process on the inflow area shown being shown in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the flow channels, and with the inflow area located on the uppermost surface of the desublimation zone 4.

[0208] At the beginning of the loading process, desublimation at the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone 4 predominantly takes place in an area located on the opposite side of the inlet surface 9. As the loading process progresses, the location of desublimation shifts toward the inlet surface 9.

[0209] The inflow surface exhibits a gradient between the central axis and the housing walls 7, whereby the gradient is determined by the uneven velocity distribution. Desublimation occurs particularly near the housing wall 7. In the area of ​​the inlet surface 9, hardly any desublimation occurs at the beginning of the loading process.

[0210] The velocities whose velocity vectors are oriented in the direction of the main flow direction of the gas mixture through the flow channels of desublimation zone 4 are shown in black if the velocity magnitude is greater than or equal to 10 m / s. The velocities whose velocity vectors are oriented in the opposite direction to the main flow direction of the gas mixture through the flow channels of desublimation zone 4 are shown in white if the velocity magnitude is greater than 0 m / s. Values ​​in the intermediate range are shown according to the scale shown in Figure 6.

Claims

Patent claims 1 . A discontinuously operated desublimator (1) for removing at least one gas component to be desublimated from a gas mixture flow, comprising a housing wall (7) as the outer boundary, an inlet nozzle (10) on the housing wall (7) for feeding the gas mixture flow into the desublimator (1), an outlet (6) on the housing wall (7) for discharging the treated gas mixture flow from the desublimator (1), a desublimation zone (4) with temperature-controlled flow channel walls, wherein the flow channel walls are temperature-controlled such that during a loading process, the at least one gas component to be desublimated desublimates on the flow channel walls, and that during a subsequent melting process, the at least one gas component desublimated in the loading process melts on the flow channel walls, a gas inlet distribution chamber (3) located between the inlet (2) and the desublimation zone (4), and a gas outlet chamber (5),which is located between the outlet (6) and the desublimation zone (4), characterized in that at least one first guide plate (8a), one second guide plate (8b) and one third guide plate (8c) are arranged in the gas inlet distribution space (3) for the uniform distribution of the gas mixture flow through the flow channels which result from the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone (4), and wherein at least three guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) each have a distance (HLB, a -t>, HLB, bc) to the adjacent guide plate or plates thereof in the range from 0.01 to 0.9 * D, preferably in the range from 0.10 to 0.50 * D, where D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle having the same area as the inlet surface (9).

2. Desublimator (1) according to claim 1, wherein the first guide plate (8a) has a distance (Hi_B,wa) from the wall of the inlet nozzle (10) in the range from 0 to 1 * D, preferably in the range from 0 to 0.3 * D, and the third guide plate (8c) has a distance (HLB, CW) from the wall of the inlet nozzle (10) in the range from 0 to 1 * D, preferably in the range from 0 to 0.3 * D, where D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle having the same area as the inlet surface (9).

3. Desublimator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least three guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) each extend with their transverse axis at least as far as one of the two opposite housing side walls (7), preferably as far as the two opposite housing side walls of the desublimator (1).

4. Desublimator (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the at least three guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) each have a length along their transverse axis in the range from 0.1 to 5 * D, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 3 * D, where D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle having the same area as the inlet surface (9).

5. Desublimator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least three guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) each have a length along their longitudinal axis in the range from 0.1 to 9 * D, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 3 * D and particularly preferably in the range from 0.2 to 1 * D, where L corresponds to the length of the longitudinal axis of the desublimator (1).

6. Desublimator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least three guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) each have an internal angle in the range of 0 to 90°, preferably in the range of 5 to 85°, wherein the respective interior angle arises between the longitudinal axis of the respective guide plate (8a, 8b, 8c) and the longitudinal axis of the flow channel walls.

7. Desublimator (1) according to claim 6, wherein the at least three guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) each have an internal angle which is designed such that the extension of the respective guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) in the direction of their longitudinal axis intersects with the inlet surface of the desublimation zone (4) such that the inlet surface of the desublimation zone (4) is divided into equal-sized surfaces (FL a , FLb, FL C , FLd).

8. Desublimator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least three guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) are each arranged such that the inlet surface (9) intersects with the respective guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) or with the extensions of the respective guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) along its longitudinal axis such that the inlet surface (9) is divided into equal-sized areas (EF a, EFb, EF C ), wherein in the case of more than three guide vanes (8a, 8b, 8c) the further guide vanes can also be fixed at the edge of the inlet surface (9) or can be fixed outside the inlet surface (9) in such a way that their extensions along their longitudinal axis do not intersect the inlet surface (9).

9. Desublimator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least three guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) each have a straight, wavy, folded or curved, flat profile, preferably a lamellar profile.

10. Desublimator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one guide plate of the at least three guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) has a porosity in the range from 0 to 80%, preferably in the range from 0 to 50%.

11. Desublimator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the inlet surface (9) has a distance (AT) from the housing wall (7) in the range from 0 to 10.0 * D, preferably in the range from 0.2 to 0.6 * D, wherein D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle having the same area as the inlet surface (9).

12. Desublimator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the desublimation zone (4) has a distance (A ED ) to the inlet surface (9) in the range from 0.01 to 3 * D, preferably in the range from 0.1 to 0.5 * D, where D corresponds to the equivalent diameter of a circle having the same area as the inlet surface (9).

13. Desublimator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least three guide plates (8a, 8b, 8c) each have a distance (A E. B, a, A E -LB, t>, A E -LB, C) to the inlet surface (9) in the range from 0 to 300 mm, wherein the respective distance (A E.L B, a, A E -LB, t>, AE . LB, C) along the longitudinal axis of the desublimator (1).

14. Desublimator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the desublimator (1) has a horizontal longitudinal axis oriented perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the flow channels of the desublimation zone (4), and the gas inlet distribution space (3) is arranged above the desublimation zone (4).

15. Desublimator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the flow channel walls are provided by the outer walls of a tube bundle, a finned tube, a finned tube bundle, a lamellar body, a honeycomb body and / or a plate body.

16. A method for operating a desublimator (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein during the loading process of the desublimator (1), the gas mixture flow containing at least one gas component to be desublimated flows in at the inlet (2) at a mass flow of at least 0.01 kg / s, at a temperature in the range from above the desublimation temperature given at the existing pressure to 300 °C above the desublimation temperature of the at least one gas component to be desublimated at the existing pressure, and at an absolute pressure in the range from 0.1 to 10.00 bar, preferably in the range from 0.5 to 1.5 bar, particularly preferably in the range from 1.05 to 1.10 bar, the flow channel walls of the desublimation zone (4) are cooled to a temperature in the range from 150 °C below the desublimation temperature given at the existing pressure to 1 °C below the desublimation temperature given at the existing pressure, and the at least one gas component to be desublimated in the gas mixture flow is at least partially desublimated, preferably in the range from 10 to 100 wt.%, based on the at least one gas component of the gas mixture flow to be desublimated flowing in at the inlet (2), and particularly preferably in the range from 50 to 100 wt.%, based on the at least one gas component of the gas mixture flow to be desublimated flowing in at the inlet (2).

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