Synchronous excitation method and apparatus for controlled seismic sources

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of seismic exploration. Disclosed are a synchronous excitation method and apparatus for controlled seismic sources. The method comprises: loading multiple frequency-divided scanning signals into different controlled seismic sources multiple times, so as to obtain multiple controlled seismic source groups, wherein controlled seismic sources in each controlled seismic source group correspond to the frequency-divided scanning signals on a one-to-one basis; controlling the multiple controlled seismic source groups to sequentially excite scanning according to a first time interval threshold value in a target region, wherein the multiple controlled seismic sources in each controlled seismic source group are synchronously excited, the excitation time interval of different controlled seismic source groups is the first time interval threshold value, and the first time interval threshold value is determined on the basis of the degree of harmonic interference between different frequency-divided scanning signals and a first distance threshold value; and using seismic data collected by each controlled seismic source group and a synthetic reference signal to perform correlation processing, so as to obtain multiple pieces of correlated seismic single-shot data, wherein the synthetic reference signal is synthesized by means of vertically superimposing the multiple frequency-divided scanning signals. The present application can reduce aliasing noise in seismic data.

Description

Vibroseis synchronous excitation method and device

[0001] Related applications

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202311572341.1 filed on November 23, 2023, and cites the contents disclosed in the above patent application as part of this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of seismic exploration technology, and in particular to a method and device for synchronous excitation of a controllable vibroseis. Background Art

[0004] This section is intended to provide a background or context to the embodiments of the present application that are recited in the claims. No admission is made that the description herein is prior art by virtue of its inclusion in this section.

[0005] With the large-scale application of broadband seismic exploration technology, seismic data quality and exploration accuracy have been significantly improved. Broadband excitation with vibroseis is the core of broadband seismic exploration. The key to achieving broadband excitation is to reduce the minimum frequency of the source scan. In seismic exploration and production, there are two methods for achieving broadband excitation: one is to use high-precision low-frequency vibroseis with a linear low-frequency sweep signal; the other is to use conventional vibroseis with a specially designed nonlinear low-frequency sweep signal for excitation.

[0006] Conventional vibroseis currently dominates seismic exploration and acquisition projects. Due to the industry's strong demand for low-frequency excitation, nonlinear low-frequency excitation technology based on conventional vibroseis sources is widely used. However, conventional vibroseis-based nonlinear sweeping low-frequency excitation has the following drawbacks: To ensure the energy of the low-frequency components, a long low-frequency sweep time is required. If the designed sweep signal length is insufficient, the total signal energy will be reduced, resulting in high noise in the acquired seismic data and hindering seismic imaging. Extending the sweep signal length will achieve broadband excitation, but the sweep time based on the nonlinear low-frequency sweep signal is too long, resulting in low production efficiency and increased acquisition costs.

[0007] In order to improve production efficiency and reduce costs, more and more projects are now beginning to adopt high-efficiency mixed sampling technology of controlled vibrators. For example, mixed sampling of multiple controlled vibrators has greatly improved efficiency. However, the aliasing noise in the collected seismic data is very serious, and the requirements for de-aliasing noise technology are very high during data processing.

[0008] Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention provides a method for synchronously exciting a vibroseis to reduce aliasing noise in seismic data. The method includes:

[0010] Determine vibroseis scanning parameters based on the construction environment of the target area;

[0011] determining a first scanning signal according to a vibroseis scanning parameter;

[0012] Performing frequency division processing on the first scanning signal to obtain a plurality of frequency division scanning signals;

[0013] Loading multiple frequency-division sweep signals to different vibrators multiple times to obtain multiple vibrator groups, wherein the number of vibrators in each vibrator group is the same as the number of frequency-division sweep signals, and the frequency-division sweep signals loaded to any vibrator in each vibrator group are different;

[0014] Controlling multiple vibrator groups to sequentially excite and scan in a target area, wherein multiple vibrators within each vibrator group are synchronously excited, the excitation time interval between different vibrator groups is a first time interval threshold, the minimum distance between any two vibrator groups is the first distance threshold, and the first time interval threshold is determined based on the degree of harmonic interference between different frequency-divided scanning signals and the first distance threshold;

[0015] receiving seismic data collected by each vibrator group;

[0016] Seismic data collected by each vibrator group and a synthetic reference signal are used for correlation processing to obtain a plurality of correlated seismic single-shot data; the synthetic reference signal is synthesized by vertically superimposing a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0017] The present application also provides a vibroseis synchronous excitation device for reducing aliasing noise in seismic data, the device comprising:

[0018] A basic scanning signal determination module is used to determine the vibrator scanning parameters according to the construction environment of the target area; and determine the first scanning signal according to the vibrator scanning parameters;

[0019] A frequency division processing module, configured to perform frequency division processing on the first scanning signal to obtain a plurality of frequency division scanning signals;

[0020] A field operation control module is used to load multiple frequency-division sweep signals into different vibrators multiple times to obtain multiple vibrator groups, wherein the number of vibrators in each vibrator group is the same as the number of frequency-division sweep signals, and the frequency-division sweep signals loaded into any vibrator in each vibrator group are different; control the multiple vibrator groups to sequentially excite and sweep in the target area, wherein the multiple vibrators in each vibrator group are synchronously excited, the excitation time interval of different vibrator groups is a first time interval threshold, the minimum distance interval between any two vibrator groups is a first distance threshold, and the first time interval threshold is determined according to the degree of harmonic interference between different frequency-division sweep signals and the first distance threshold;

[0021] The data processing module is used to receive the seismic data collected by each controllable source group; the seismic data collected by each controllable source group and the synthetic reference signal are used for correlation processing to obtain multiple correlated seismic single-shot data; the synthetic reference signal is synthesized by vertically superimposing multiple frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0022] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the above-mentioned controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation method is implemented.

[0023] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation method is implemented.

[0024] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation method is implemented.

[0025] In an embodiment of the present application, according to the construction environment of the target area, the scanning parameters of the controllable seismic source are determined, and according to the scanning parameters of the controllable seismic source, a first scanning signal is determined, and the first scanning signal is used as a basic scanning signal, and the first scanning signal is frequency-divided to obtain a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals, and these frequency-divided scanning signals are respectively loaded into different controllable seismic sources to form a plurality of controllable seismic source groups, and the plurality of controllable seismic source groups are controlled to sequentially excite and scan at intervals of a first time interval threshold in the target area, wherein the plurality of controllable seismic sources in each controllable seismic source group are synchronously excited, which not only greatly improves the efficiency of field construction, but also reduces the aliasing noise of the acquired seismic data, and does not require special anti-aliasing processing in data processing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work. In the drawings:

[0027] FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for synchronous excitation of a vibroseis according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a first scanning signal in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of a filtering function in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a frequency division scanning signal in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of synchronous excitation of a controllable vibroseis according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a first time interval threshold and harmonic interference analysis in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of a synthetic reference signal, its amplitude spectrum, and related wavelets according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a single shot record before and after correlation in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG9 is another schematic diagram of the first scanning signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] FIG10 is another schematic diagram of a filtering function according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0037] FIG11 is another schematic diagram of a frequency-divided scanning signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of a time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation between a force signal and a reference signal according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG13 is another schematic diagram of the first time interval threshold and harmonic interference analysis according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG14 is another schematic diagram of synchronous excitation of vibroseis according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG15 is another schematic diagram of a synthetic reference signal, its amplitude spectrum, and related wavelets according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG16 is a schematic diagram of a single shot record after correlation in an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of a controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation device in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the embodiments of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Here, the illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application, but are not intended to limit the present application.

[0045] The applicant has discovered that more and more projects are adopting high-efficiency mixed sampling technology using controlled vibrators. For example, using multiple controlled vibrators to collect data simultaneously has significantly improved efficiency. However, the resulting seismic data contains significant aliasing noise, requiring very high-level technology for removing aliasing noise during data processing. Therefore, the applicant has proposed a method for synchronous excitation of controlled vibrators.

[0046] FIG1 is a flow chart of a method for synchronous excitation of a vibroseis according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG1 , the method includes:

[0047] Step 101: Determine vibroseis scanning parameters according to the construction environment of the target area;

[0048] Step 102: Determine a first scanning signal according to the vibroseis scanning parameters;

[0049] Step 103: performing frequency division processing on the first scanning signal to obtain a plurality of frequency division scanning signals;

[0050] Step 104: Loading the multiple frequency-division sweep signals to different vibrators multiple times to obtain multiple vibrator groups, wherein the number of vibrators in each vibrator group is the same as the number of frequency-division sweep signals, and the frequency-division sweep signals loaded to any vibrator in each vibrator group are different;

[0051] Step 105: Control multiple vibroseis groups to sequentially excite and scan in the target area at intervals of a first time interval threshold, wherein multiple vibroseis within each vibroseis group are excited synchronously, the excitation time interval between different vibroseis groups is the first time interval threshold, the minimum distance between any two vibroseis groups is the first distance threshold, and the first time interval threshold is determined based on the degree of harmonic interference between different frequency-divided scanning signals and the first distance threshold;

[0052] Step 106: Receive seismic data from each vibrator group;

[0053] Step 107 , performing correlation processing on the seismic data collected by each vibroseis group and the synthetic reference signal to obtain a plurality of correlated seismic single-shot data; the synthetic reference signal is synthesized by vertically superimposing a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0054] As can be seen from the process shown in Figure 1, in the embodiment of the present application, according to the construction environment of the target area, the controllable source scanning parameters are determined, according to the controllable source scanning parameters, a first scanning signal is determined, the first scanning signal is used as the basic scanning signal, the first scanning signal is subjected to frequency division processing, a plurality of frequency division scanning signals are obtained, these frequency division scanning signals are respectively loaded into different controllable sources, forming a plurality of controllable source groups, and the plurality of controllable source groups are controlled to sequentially excite and scan at intervals of a first time interval threshold in the target area, wherein the plurality of controllable sources in each controllable source group are synchronously excited, which can not only greatly improve the efficiency of field construction, but also reduce the aliasing noise of the seismic data obtained, and no special de-aliasing processing is required in the data processing. At the same time, the method can give full play to the role of conventional controllable sources, so that it can efficiently carry out low-frequency seismic exploration, improve the bandwidth of seismic data, improve seismic resolution, and especially significantly improve deep geological data.

[0055] The following is a detailed explanation of the controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0056] First, the vibrator scanning parameters are determined according to the construction environment of the target area; and the first scanning signal is determined according to the vibrator scanning parameters as the basic scanning signal.

[0057] During implementation, a basic sweep signal for the vibroseis frequency-scanning system is designed based on exploration requirements. For example, based on the seismic exploration objectives for the work area and analysis of existing seismic data, vibroseis sweep parameters such as the sweep frequency range, sweep length, and drive amplitude are determined to design a sweep signal that meets these requirements. During implementation, this sweep signal can also be field-tested to verify that it meets the requirements and is compatible with the construction environment in the target area.

[0058] The final source scanning signal is used as the basic scanning signal S(t) for the frequency division scanning signal design, i.e., the first scanning signal. The designed first scanning signal can be divided into two categories: one is a linear scanning signal, and the other is a user-defined scanning signal, as shown in Figure 2, which is a schematic diagram of the first scanning signal in an embodiment of the present application. The upper signal in Figure 2 is a linear scanning signal, and the lower signal in Figure 2 is a user-defined scanning signal.

[0059] Afterwards, the first scanning signal is frequency-divided to obtain a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0060] That is, the basic scanning signal is split and designed into N frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0061] In one embodiment, frequency division processing is performed on the first scanning signal to obtain multiple frequency-divided scanning signals, which may include:

[0062] Based on the first scanning signal, sequentially determining the number of frequency-divided scanning signals, the duration of each frequency-divided scanning signal, the starting ramp length, and the ending ramp length;

[0063] Splitting the first scanning signal according to the number of divided frequency scanning signals, the time length of each divided frequency scanning signal, the starting ramp length, and the ending ramp length to obtain a plurality of split signals;

[0064] Each split signal is subjected to ramp processing to obtain multiple frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0065] Wherein, based on the first scanning signal, sequentially determining the number of divided frequency scanning signals, the duration of each divided frequency scanning signal, the starting ramp length, and the ending ramp length may include:

[0066] The number of frequency-divided scanning signals is determined based on the number of vibrators and the desired construction efficiency; the construction efficiency is the number of vibrators fired within a predetermined time period;

[0067] Based on the Gibbs effect, the time length, starting ramp length and ending ramp length of each frequency-divided scanning signal are determined in sequence according to the scanning length, starting ramp length, ending ramp length of the first scanning signal and the time length of the overlapping part between two preset adjacent frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0068] 1) Determine the number of frequency division scanning signals:

[0069] According to the number of vibrators equipped for the seismic exploration project and the expected construction efficiency, such as the expected number of shots per hour and the number of vibrators, the basic scanning signal is split into N frequency-divided scanning signals, such as 2 or 3.

[0070] The number of split signals, N, is determined by the length of the basic sweep signal and the total number of vibrators. A larger N results in a shorter split-frequency sweep signal, leading to higher construction efficiency. However, the total number of vibrators in an exploration project is fixed. A larger N means more vibrators per group, resulting in fewer source groups and potentially improving construction efficiency. Therefore, determining N requires striking a balance between vibrator investment and construction efficiency.

[0071] 2) Determine the duration of each frequency division scanning signal:

[0072] The basic scanning signal is split into N frequency-divided scanning signals, and the time length of each frequency-divided scanning signal is the same. The calculation formula of the frequency-divided scanning signal length is as follows:

[0073] Given the termination slope length Tet1 of the first frequency division scanning signal and the time length T of the overlapping portion between two adjacent frequency division scanning signals, op , such as 600 milliseconds, 400 milliseconds, etc., then: T d =(T0-Ts0-Te0)÷NT=T d +Ts0+Tet1+0.5×T op

[0074] Where, T is the time length of the frequency division scanning signal, T d is the time length of the full-scale length of the basic scanning signal divided into N equal parts, T0 is the scanning length of the basic scanning signal, T op It is the time length of the full-scale overlapping part between two adjacent frequency-divided scanning signals, Ts0 is the starting slope length of the basic scanning signal, Te0 is the ending slope length of the basic scanning signal, and Tet1 is the ending slope length of the first frequency-divided scanning signal.

[0075] The criterion given by Tet1 is that the Gibbs effect of the spectrum of the first frequency-division sweep signal is smaller.

[0076] 3) Determine the starting slope length and ending slope length of each frequency division scanning signal: Tst1 = Ts0

[0077] Tet1 has been given in the previous step in determining the time length of each frequency-divided scanning signal.

[0078] Given Tst i , i=2,3,…,N-1, then: Tet i =T-Tst i -T d -0.5T op (i=2,3,…,N-1) Tst N =T-Te0-T d -0.5×T op Tet N =Te0

[0079] Where T is the scanning length of the frequency division scanning signal, T d The time length of the full-scale length of the basic scanning signal divided into N equal parts, T op It is the time length of the full-scale overlap between two adjacent frequency-divided scanning signals, Tst i is the starting slope of the ith frequency division scanning signal, Tet i is the termination slope of the i-th frequency-divided scanning signal, Ts0 is the starting slope length of the basic scanning signal, and Te0 is the termination slope length of the basic scanning signal.

[0080] Tst i The given criterion is that the spectrum Gibbs effect of the i-th frequency division scanning signal is small.

[0081] In one embodiment, performing ramp processing on each split signal to obtain multiple frequency-divided scanning signals may include:

[0082] Setting a corresponding filter function for each split signal according to the scanning time of each split signal at the original first scanning signal;

[0083] Each split signal is filtered according to the filtering function to obtain multiple frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0084] For example, after the above processing, the basic scanning signal S(t) is split into N segments of signals H i , the length of each segment is T, and the N segments of signals are:

[0085] Then the split N-segment signal H is calculated according to the following formula: iSlope processing: S i (t) = H i ×f i (i=1, 2, 3, ..., N)

[0086] Where S i (t) is the i-th frequency division scanning signal, H i is the i-th split signal, f i is the filter function designed for the i-th split signal, t is the scanning time, and the range is [0, T].

[0087] In one embodiment, setting a corresponding filter function for each split signal according to the scanning time of each split signal at the original first scanning signal may include:

[0088] Each split signal is sorted according to the scanning time of the original first scanning signal, a low-pass filter function is set for the first split signal, a high-pass filter function is set for the last split signal, and a band-pass filter function is set for the remaining split signals.

[0089] For example, the starting slope of the first split signal inherits the starting slope of the basic scanning signal, so the first split signal only designs the ending slope, that is, f1 is a low-pass filter; the ending slope of the last split signal inherits the ending slope of the basic scanning signal, so the last split signal only designs the starting slope, that is, f N It is a high-pass filter; both ends of the split signal in the middle section need to be slope processed, so f i (i=2,3,…,N-1) is a bandpass filter.

[0090] Filter function f i The time window function used can be Hamming time window, Hanning time window or Blackman time window, or other window functions.

[0091] Filter function f i The time length is T,

[0092] The high-cut slope length of the low-pass filter f1 is Tet1.

[0093] Bandpass filter f i The length of the low-cut slope is Tst i , the length of the high-cut slope is Tet i ,

[0094] High-pass filter f N The length of the low-cut slope is Tst N .

[0095] After the above processing, multiple frequency-divided scanning signals are obtained.

[0096] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the filtering function in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 3, the upper figure in Figure 3 illustrates the filtering function when i=1; the middle figure in Figure 3 illustrates the filtering function when i=2, 3,…, N-1; and the lower figure in Figure 3 illustrates the filtering function when i=N.

[0097] Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of the frequency-divided scanning signal in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 4, according to the above process, the basic scanning signal in Figure 2 is split into 2 and 3 frequency-divided scanning signals and their amplitude spectra and related sub-waves according to N=2 and N=3 respectively.

[0098] In step 104, the frequency-division scanning signal is loaded into different controllable vibrators multiple times to obtain multiple controllable vibrator groups, wherein the number of controllable vibrators in each controllable vibrator group is the same as the number of frequency-division scanning signals, and the frequency-division scanning signal loaded into any controllable vibrator in each controllable vibrator group is different.

[0099] Specifically, the N frequency-divided scanning signals designed above are respectively distributed to N vibrators, that is, each vibrator is loaded with a frequency-divided scanning signal, and the frequency-divided scanning signals are not repeated, and these N vibrators are grouped as the first group (G1);

[0100] Then, the same N frequency-divided scanning signals are distributed to another N vibrators, which are grouped as the second group (G2), and so on. Based on reasonable production organization, n groups of vibrators can be set up to participate in construction simultaneously (n≥2).

[0101] Then, in step 105, multiple vibroseis groups are controlled to operate in the target area.

[0102] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of synchronous excitation of vibrators in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG5 , the multiple vibrators in each vibrator group G1…Gi are respectively loaded with divided frequency signals S1(t)…S N (t), control multiple controllable source groups G1...Gi to excite and scan in sequence, and the excitation time interval of different controllable source groups is the first time interval threshold Δt, that is, after the first group of seismic sources starts scanning Δt time, the second group of seismic sources can start scanning,..., after the i-1th group of seismic sources starts scanning Δt time, the i-th group of seismic sources can start scanning, and so on, i=1,2,...,n.

[0103] The multiple vibrators in each vibrator group are excited synchronously.

[0104] Among them, the minimum distance interval between any two controllable source groups is the first distance threshold Δd. The first distance threshold Δd can be set arbitrarily according to the field construction site and working conditions. The first time interval threshold Δt is determined according to the degree of harmonic interference between different frequency-divided scanning signals and the first distance threshold Δd.

[0105] In one embodiment, the first time interval threshold may be determined as follows:

[0106] Loading all the frequency-divided sweep signals into any vibrator, so that the vibrator excites the sweep using each frequency-divided sweep signal;

[0107] The force signal and reference signal corresponding to the excitation of each frequency-division sweep signal are sequentially taken, and the second time interval threshold corresponding to each frequency-division sweep signal is determined by using the degree of harmonic interference in the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation between the force signal and the reference signal; the second time interval threshold reflects the minimum excitation time interval in which the harmonics corresponding to the current frequency-division sweep signal do not contaminate the fundamental wave of the seismic data corresponding to the previous frequency-division sweep signal;

[0108] The maximum value among the second time interval thresholds corresponding to all the frequency-divided scanning signals is used as the third time interval threshold;

[0109] The minimum distance between the first arrival waves of earthquakes excited by any two vibroseis groups without mutual interference to the target layer in their respective single shot data is recorded as the second distance;

[0110] When the first distance is not less than the second distance, the first time interval threshold is zero;

[0111] When the first distance is smaller than the second distance, the third time interval threshold is used as the first time interval threshold.

[0112] In the embodiments of the present application, in order to minimize the impact of aliasing noise on seismic data and avoid complex anti-aliasing processing, consideration is given to avoiding interference from strong energy noise from adjacent shots. This requires a certain time interval and distance between adjacent seismic excitations. For frequency-sweep combined synchronous excitation, two main types of strong interference must be avoided: strong energy interference from adjacent shots and strong harmonic interference from adjacent shots. To avoid strong energy interference from adjacent shots, the time interval must be greater than the listening time of the seismic recording. To avoid strong harmonic interference from adjacent shots, the harmonic interference from the frequency-sweep signals in the same frequency band is primarily considered, and the time interval must be selected to ensure that the high-energy order harmonics of the next shot do not affect the fundamental wave of the current shot.

[0113] For example, the first time interval threshold Δt may be determined as follows:

[0114] (1) Load all the frequency-splitting sweep signals into the electronic control box of a vibrator. Select a typical surface area in the work area as a test point. Use each frequency-splitting sweep signal to perform an excitation sweep. Fire a few shots, such as 3 shots. Copy the force signal, reference signal, and other test data from the electronic control box for the next step of analysis.

[0115] (2) Take the test data of a frequency-divided sweep signal and display the color time-varying frequency spectrum of the force signal and the reference signal according to the minimum -34 decibel (dB) color scale. FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the first time interval threshold and harmonic interference analysis in an embodiment of the present application. Referring to FIG6,

[0116] ① Select the highest-order harmonic that can be clearly displayed, such as the third harmonic, as the highest-order harmonic that determines the minimum excitation interval for the frequency-divided sweep signal. The minimum excitation interval at which this harmonic does not contaminate the fundamental wave of the previous shot's related signal is determined as the minimum excitation interval for the frequency-divided sweep signal. As shown in Figure 6, when the minimum excitation interval between the second and first shots is 9 seconds, the third harmonic of the second shot does not contaminate the fundamental wave of the first shot, and the minimum excitation interval for the frequency-divided sweep signal can be determined to be 9 seconds.

[0117] ② If all harmonics of all orders are not clearly displayed, it means that the harmonics have little impact. At this time, the minimum excitation time interval of the frequency division scanning signal only needs to be greater than the seismic recording listening time.

[0118] (3) According to the method of step (2), the minimum excitation time interval Δti (i = 1, 2, ..., N) of all frequency-divided scanning signals is determined in sequence. In order to reduce the interference of adjacent guns of all frequency-divided scanning signals, Δt needs to be the maximum value of all minimum excitation time intervals, that is: Δt = max(Δt1, Δt2, ... Δt N )

[0119] (4) If the minimum distance between the first arrival waves of the earthquakes excited by the two groups of seismic sources without interfering with each other to the target layer in the data of each single shot is d0 (i.e., the second distance), then when the distance Δd between the two groups of controllable sources is greater than or equal to d0, Δt can be taken as 0, that is, when the distance Δd between a group of controllable sources and all the controllable source groups being excited is not less than d0, the group of seismic sources can start exciting at any time. When the distance Δd between the two groups of controllable sources is less than d0, the excitation time interval is the maximum value of all the above minimum excitation time intervals.

[0120] In one embodiment, the first time interval threshold may also be determined as follows:

[0121] The first time interval threshold is determined according to a custom space-time function; the custom space-time function reflects the relationship between the first time interval threshold and the first distance threshold, and is obtained according to construction requirements and mathematical modeling of a field construction environment.

[0122] During implementation, based on actual production needs and exploration objectives, such as user-specified noise requirements, users can also customize the spatiotemporal function Δt = f(Δd), which represents the relationship between the time interval Δt between vibroseis groups and the distance Δd between them. The time interval and distance between any two vibroseis groups must conform to this function.

[0123] Finally, seismic data from each vibrator group is received; seismic data collected by each vibrator group and a synthetic reference signal are respectively correlated to obtain a plurality of correlated seismic single-shot data; the synthetic reference signal is synthesized by vertically superimposing a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0124] During implementation, seismic data from each vibrator group is received and processed as follows.

[0125] (1) The length of each frequency-divided sweep signal is T, and the acquisition and recording time length is TL. After the source is synchronously excited, the uncorrelated seismic data A(t) of length T+TL is obtained.

[0126] (2) The synthetic reference signal B(t) is obtained using the following formula: B(t) = S1(t) + S2(t) + ... + S N (t)

[0127] Refer to Figure 7, which is a schematic diagram of the synthetic reference signal, its amplitude spectrum and related sub-waves in an embodiment of the present application. Figure 7 shows the synthetic reference signal, its amplitude spectrum and related sub-waves obtained using the three frequency-divided scanning signals in the lower figure of Figure 4.

[0128] (3) The seismic data A(t) is correlated with the synthetic reference signal B(t) to obtain single shot data of length TL.

[0129] Referring to Figure 8, which illustrates a single-shot recording before and after correlation in an embodiment of the present application, the synthesized reference signal B(t) can be loaded onto a seismic instrument to directly obtain seismic recordings before and after correlation during field operations. Figure 8 shows single-shot recordings before (left) and after (right) correlation.

[0130] The following explains the synchronized vibroseis excitation method using a specific example from a field experiment. The experiment was equipped with one 428 instrument, twelve 60,000-pound AHV-364 vibrators, and a 464 electronic control cabinet. One receiving array was used, with 1,441 receiving points, and both the shot and receiver spacing were 12.5 meters. A single source sweep was used, with a 75% drive amplitude, a 6-second recording time, and a 4-ms sampling rate. Both uncorrelated and correlated data were recorded during acquisition.

[0131] 1) Determine vibroseis scanning parameters according to the field construction environment; determine a first scanning signal as a basic scanning signal according to the vibroseis scanning parameters.

[0132] Based on the field construction environment, the seismic exploration objectives of the work area, and the analysis results of existing seismic data, a user-defined nonlinear scanning signal S(t) with a sampling rate of 0.5 milliseconds (as shown in Figure 9) was designed. The scanning length was 30 seconds, the scanning frequency was 2-67.5 Hz, the starting ramp Ts0 was 600 milliseconds, the ending ramp Te0 was 810 milliseconds, and the driving amplitude was 75%. Field tests were conducted to finally determine the basic scanning signal.

[0133] 2) Split the basic scanning signal to generate a frequency-divided scanning signal.

[0134] ① Determine the number N of frequency-divided scanning signals to be split into the basic scanning signal

[0135] 12 controllable vibrators are put into use, with an expected construction efficiency of 480 shots / hour. The basic scanning signal S(t) is split into 3 (N=3) frequency-divided scanning signals, and each controllable vibrator is divided into 4 groups of 3.

[0136] ②Determine the frequency division scanning signal length T

[0137] Given that the termination slope Tet1 of the first frequency division scanning signal is 1010ms, the time length of the overlapping part between two adjacent frequency division scanning signals is T op If it is 600ms, then the time length of the full-scale length of the basic scanning signal is divided into N equal parts. d The scanning lengths T of the frequency division scanning signals are: T d =(T0-Ts0-Te0)÷N=(30-0.6-0.81)÷3=9.53s T=T d +Ts0+Tet1+0.5×T op =9.53+0.6+1.01+0.5*0.6=11.44s

[0138] ③ Determine the start and end slopes of each frequency division scanning signal Tst1 = Ts0 = 600ms; Tet1 is set to 1010ms

[0139] According to the principle of small Gibbs effect, given Tst2 = 600ms, then Tet2 = TT st2 -T d -0.5T op =11.44-0.6-9.53-0.6=0.71s Tet3=Te0=810ms Tst3=T-Te0-T d -0.5×T op=11.44-0.81-9.53-0.5×0.6=0.8s

[0140] ④ Cut the basic scanning signal S(t) into N (N=3) segments of signal Hi

[0141] The length of each segment is T (11.44 seconds), that is, the value range of the time variable is [0, 11.44]. The three segments of the signal are:

[0142] ⑤ Then cut the signal H i Perform ramp processing to obtain N frequency-divided scanning signals S i (t).

[0143] The calculation formula is as follows: i (t) = H i ×f i (i=1, 2, 3)

[0144] According to the start and end slope lengths of each frequency division scanning signal, filter functions are designed respectively. f1 is a low-pass filter, f2 is a band-pass filter, and f3 is a high-pass filter. Here, the Hamming time window is used, where

[0145] The high-cut slope length of the low-pass filter f1 is Tet1 = 1010ms

[0146] The low-cut slope length of the bandpass filter f2 is Tst2 = 600ms, and the high-cut slope length is Tet2 = 710ms

[0147] The low-cut slope length of the high-pass filter f3 is Tst3 = 800ms

[0148] The designed filter function is shown in Figure 10.

[0149] The length of each frequency-division scanning signal is 11.44s, and the synthetic frequency band of the three signals is still 2-67.5Hz. Figure 11 shows the designed three frequency-division scanning signals, their amplitude spectra, and related sub-waves.

[0150] 3) Determination of the minimum excitation time interval of the controllable source group.

[0151] Load all the frequency-divided scanning signals into the electronic control box of the controllable source, select a test point on the test line in the work area, use each frequency-divided scanning signal to perform excitation scanning, and analyze the force signal and reference signal obtained from the test to determine the scanning time interval Δt.

[0152] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation between the force signal and the reference signal in an embodiment of the present application. FIG12 shows the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation signal between the force signal and the reference signal. The upper left figure is the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation signal of the first frequency-division sweep signal in the low-frequency band, the upper right figure is the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation signal of the third frequency-division sweep signal in the high-frequency band, and the lower figure is the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation signal of the second frequency-division sweep signal in the mid-frequency band. As can be seen from FIG12, there is basically no obvious harmonic interference in the cross-correlation signals in the low-frequency and high-frequency bands, while the third harmonic of the cross-correlation signal in the mid-frequency band in the lower figure is more obvious.

[0153] FIG13 is another schematic diagram of the first time interval threshold and harmonic interference analysis in an embodiment of the present application. As can be seen from FIG13 , when the interval between two shot excitations is 9 seconds, the third harmonic does not interfere with the fundamental wave of the previous shot-related signal.

[0154] Therefore, the inter-group excitation time intervals of the three frequency-divided scanning signals are: Δt1 = 6 seconds, Δt3 = 6 seconds, Δt2 = 9 seconds

[0155] Therefore, the minimum excitation time interval of the frequency-scanning source group is determined to be: Δt = max (Δt1, Δt2, Δt3) = 9 seconds

[0156] 4) Use frequency division scanning signal combination for synchronous excitation.

[0157] The 12 vibrators were divided into four groups of three, with a spacing of 4.5 km between each group (as shown in Figure 14). Three frequency-scanning signals were loaded into each of the three vibrators in each group. Each group of three vibrators was excited synchronously, with a 9-second interval between group excitations. That is, 9 seconds after the first group was activated, the second group was activated, and after another 9-second interval, the third group was activated (the first group completed excitation after 11.44 seconds and moved to the next excitation point), and so on.

[0158] 5) Synchronous excitation data correlation processing

[0159] The length of each scan signal is 11.44s, the acquisition and recording time is 6s, and the length of the uncorrelated data A(t) after excitation is 17.44s. Calculate the synthetic reference signal: B(t) = S1(t) + S2(t) + S3(t)

[0160] The synthetic reference signal, its amplitude spectrum and related wavelets are shown in Figure 15.

[0161] The synthetic reference signal B(t) was installed on a seismic instrument. In a field experiment, the instrument directly obtained seismic records before and after correlation. The single shot and spectrum after correlation are shown in Figure 16.

[0162] In summary, the embodiments of the present application have the following beneficial technical effects:

[0163] 1) The embodiments of the present application can give full play to the role of conventional controllable vibrators, enabling efficient low-frequency seismic exploration, increasing the bandwidth of seismic data, and improving seismic resolution, especially significantly improving deep geological data.

[0164] 2) Using the signal splitting method created in the embodiments of this application, any vibroseis sweep signal can be split into several frequency-divided sweep signals. Splitting a long sweep signal into several short sweep signals, these short signals can be applied to the field vibroseis for synchronous excitation, significantly improving construction efficiency.

[0165] 3) The synchronous excitation of the frequency-divided scanning signal combination created by the embodiment of the present application can not only greatly improve the efficiency of field construction, but also reduce the aliasing noise of the acquired seismic data, and no special anti-aliasing processing is required in data processing.

[0166] 4) By adopting the synchronous excitation data correlation processing method created in the embodiment of the present application, it is possible to perform correlation processing on the uncorrelated frequency-scanning combined synchronous excitation data indoors to obtain the original seismic single-shot data, and it is also possible to directly obtain the original seismic single-shot data collected by the frequency-scanning combined synchronous excitation on the seismic instrument during field construction.

[0167] The present application also provides a vibroseis synchronous excitation device, as described in the following embodiments. Since the principle of the device to solve the problem is similar to that of the vibroseis synchronous excitation method, the implementation of the device can refer to the implementation of the vibroseis synchronous excitation method, and the repeated parts will not be repeated.

[0168] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of a vibroseis synchronous excitation device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG17 , the device includes:

[0169] The basic scanning signal determination module 1701 is used to determine the vibroseis scanning parameters according to the construction environment of the target area; and determine the first scanning signal according to the vibroseis scanning parameters;

[0170] A frequency division processing module 1702 is used to perform frequency division processing on the first scanning signal to obtain multiple frequency division scanning signals;

[0171] Field operation control module 1703 is used to load multiple frequency-division sweep signals into different vibrators multiple times to obtain multiple vibrator groups, wherein the number of vibrators in each vibrator group is the same as the number of frequency-division sweep signals, and the frequency-division sweep signals loaded into any vibrator in each vibrator group are different; control the multiple vibrator groups to sequentially excite and sweep in the target area, wherein the multiple vibrators in each vibrator group are synchronously excited, the excitation time interval between different vibrator groups is a first time interval threshold, the minimum distance between any two vibrator groups is a first distance threshold, and the first time interval threshold is determined based on the degree of harmonic interference between different frequency-division sweep signals and the first distance threshold;

[0172] The data processing module 1704 is used to receive the seismic data of each controllable source group; use the seismic data collected by each controllable source group and the synthetic reference signal to perform correlation processing to obtain multiple correlated seismic single-shot data; the synthetic reference signal is synthesized by vertically superimposing multiple frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0173] In one embodiment, the frequency division processing module 1702 is specifically configured to:

[0174] Based on the first scanning signal, sequentially determining the number of frequency-divided scanning signals, the duration of each frequency-divided scanning signal, the starting ramp length, and the ending ramp length;

[0175] Splitting the first scanning signal according to the number of divided frequency scanning signals, the time length of each divided frequency scanning signal, the starting ramp length, and the ending ramp length to obtain a plurality of split signals;

[0176] Each split signal is subjected to ramp processing to obtain multiple frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0177] In one embodiment, the frequency division processing module 1702 is specifically configured to:

[0178] The number of frequency-divided scanning signals is determined based on the number of vibrators and the desired construction efficiency; the construction efficiency is the number of vibrators fired within a predetermined time period;

[0179] Based on the Gibbs effect, the time length, starting ramp length and ending ramp length of each frequency-divided scanning signal are determined in sequence according to the scanning length, starting ramp length, ending ramp length of the first scanning signal and the time length of the overlapping part between two preset adjacent frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0180] In one embodiment, the frequency division processing module 1702 is specifically configured to:

[0181] Setting a corresponding filter function for each split signal according to the scanning time of each split signal at the original first scanning signal;

[0182] Each split signal is filtered according to the filtering function to obtain multiple frequency-divided scanning signals.

[0183] In one embodiment, the frequency division processing module 1702 is specifically configured to:

[0184] Each split signal is sorted according to the scanning time of the original first scanning signal, a low-pass filter function is set for the first split signal, a high-pass filter function is set for the last split signal, and a band-pass filter function is set for the remaining split signals.

[0185] In one embodiment, the first time interval threshold is determined as follows:

[0186] Loading all the frequency-divided sweep signals into any vibrator, so that the vibrator excites the sweep using each frequency-divided sweep signal;

[0187] The force signal and reference signal corresponding to the excitation of each frequency-division sweep signal are sequentially taken, and the second time interval threshold corresponding to each frequency-division sweep signal is determined by using the degree of harmonic interference in the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation between the force signal and the reference signal; the second time interval threshold reflects the minimum excitation time interval in which the harmonics corresponding to the current frequency-division sweep signal do not contaminate the fundamental wave of the seismic data corresponding to the previous frequency-division sweep signal;

[0188] The maximum value among the second time interval thresholds corresponding to all the frequency-divided scanning signals is used as the third time interval threshold;

[0189] The minimum distance between the first arrival waves of earthquakes excited by any two vibroseis groups without mutual interference to the target layer in their respective single shot data is recorded as the second distance;

[0190] When the first distance is not less than the second distance, the first time interval threshold is zero;

[0191] When the first distance is smaller than the second distance, the third time interval threshold is used as the first time interval threshold.

[0192] In one embodiment, the first time interval threshold is determined as follows:

[0193] The first time interval threshold is determined according to a custom space-time function; the custom space-time function reflects the relationship between the first time interval threshold and the first distance threshold, and is obtained according to construction requirements and mathematical modeling of a field construction environment.

[0194] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the above-mentioned controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation method is implemented.

[0195] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation method is implemented.

[0196] An embodiment of the present application also provides a computer program product, which includes a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, the above-mentioned controllable vibroseis synchronous excitation method is implemented.

[0197] In an embodiment of the present application, according to the construction environment of the target area, the scanning parameters of the controllable seismic source are determined, and according to the scanning parameters of the controllable seismic source, a first scanning signal is determined, and the first scanning signal is used as a basic scanning signal, and the first scanning signal is frequency-divided to obtain a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals, and these frequency-divided scanning signals are respectively loaded into different controllable seismic sources to form a plurality of controllable seismic source groups, and the plurality of controllable seismic source groups are controlled to sequentially excite and scan at intervals of a first time interval threshold in the target area, wherein the plurality of controllable seismic sources in each controllable seismic source group are synchronously excited, which not only greatly improves the efficiency of field construction, but also reduces the aliasing noise of the acquired seismic data, and does not require special anti-aliasing processing in data processing.

[0198] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application can adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application can adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0199] The present application is described with reference to the flow chart and / or block diagram of the method, device (system), and computer program product according to the embodiment of the present application. It should be understood that each flow process and / or box in the flow chart and / or block diagram and the combination of the flow process and / or box in the flow chart and / or block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processing machine or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce a device for realizing the function specified in one flow chart flow or multiple flows and / or one box or multiple boxes of the block diagram.

[0200] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a product including an instruction device that implements the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

[0201] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

[0202] The specific embodiments described above further illustrate the purpose, technical solutions and beneficial effects of the present application. It should be understood that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present application. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A controllable vibrator synchronous excitation method, characterized in that: include: Determine the vibroseis scanning parameters according to the construction environment of the target area; Determining a first scanning signal according to the vibrator scanning parameters; Performing frequency division processing on the first scanning signal to obtain a plurality of frequency division scanning signals; Loading a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals to different vibrators for multiple times to obtain a plurality of vibrator groups, wherein the number of vibrators in each vibrator group is the same as the number of frequency-divided scanning signals, and the frequency-divided scanning signals loaded into any vibrator in each vibrator group are different; Controlling multiple controllable source groups to sequentially excite and scan in the target area, wherein multiple controllable source groups in each controllable source group are synchronously excited, the excitation time interval of different controllable source groups is a first time interval threshold, the minimum distance interval between any two controllable source groups is a first distance, and the first time interval threshold is determined according to the harmonic interference degree between different frequency division scanning signals and the first distance; receiving seismic data collected by each vibrator group; Seismic data collected by each controllable source group and a synthetic reference signal are respectively used for correlation processing to obtain a plurality of correlated seismic single-shot data; the synthetic reference signal is synthesized by vertically superimposing a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first scanning signal is subjected to frequency division processing to obtain a plurality of frequency division scanning signals, including: Based on the first scanning signal, sequentially determine the number of frequency-divided scanning signals, the time length of each frequency-divided scanning signal, the starting ramp length, and the ending ramp length; According to the number of divided frequency scanning signals, the time length of each divided frequency scanning signal, the starting ramp length and the ending ramp length, the first scanning signal is split and processed to obtain a plurality of split signals; Each split signal is subjected to ramp processing to obtain a plurality of frequency-divided scanning signals.

3. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Based on the first scanning signal, the number of frequency-divided scanning signals, the time length of each frequency-divided scanning signal, the starting ramp length and the ending ramp length are determined in sequence, including: The number of frequency division scanning signals is determined according to the number of vibrators and the expected construction efficiency; the construction efficiency is the number of vibrators fired within a predetermined time period; Based on the Gibbs effect, the time length, starting ramp length and ending ramp length of each frequency-divided scanning signal are determined in sequence according to the scanning length, starting ramp length, ending ramp length of the first scanning signal and the time length of the overlapping part between two preset adjacent frequency-divided scanning signals.

4. The method according to claim 2, characterized in that Each split signal is subjected to ramp processing to obtain multiple frequency-divided scanning signals, including: According to the scanning time of each split signal at the original first scanning signal, a corresponding filter function is set for each split signal; Each split signal is filtered according to the filter function to obtain multiple frequency-divided scanning signals.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that According to the scanning time of each split signal at the original first scanning signal, a corresponding filtering function is set for each split signal, including: Each split signal is sorted according to the scanning time of the original first scanning signal, a low-pass filter function is set for the first split signal, a high-pass filter function is set for the last split signal, and a band-pass filter function is set for the remaining split signals.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first time interval threshold is determined as follows: Loading all the frequency division scanning signals into any controllable vibrator, so that the controllable vibrator uses each frequency division scanning signal to excite scanning; The force signal and the reference signal corresponding to the excitation of each divided frequency scanning signal are taken in turn, and the second time interval threshold corresponding to each divided frequency scanning signal is determined by using the degree of harmonic interference in the time-varying frequency spectrum of the cross-correlation between the force signal and the reference signal; the second time interval threshold reflects the minimum excitation time interval of the fundamental wave of the seismic data corresponding to the previous divided frequency scanning signal without the harmonic corresponding to the current divided frequency scanning signal contaminating; taking the maximum value among the second time interval thresholds corresponding to all the frequency-divided scanning signals as the third time interval threshold; The minimum distance between the first arrival waves of earthquakes excited by any two vibroseis groups without mutual interference to the target layer in their respective single shot data is recorded as the second distance; When the first distance is not less than the second distance, the first time interval threshold is zero; When the first distance is smaller than the second distance, the third time interval threshold is used as the first time interval threshold.

7. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The first time interval threshold is determined as follows: A first time interval threshold is determined according to a custom time-space function; the custom time-space function reflects the relationship between the first time interval threshold and the first distance threshold, and is obtained according to construction requirements and mathematical modeling of a field construction environment.

8. A controllable vibrator synchronous excitation device, characterized in that: include: The basic scanning signal determination module is used to determine the controllable vibrator scanning parameters according to the construction environment of the target area; and determine the first scanning signal according to the controllable vibrator scanning parameters; A frequency division processing module, used for performing frequency division processing on the first scanning signal to obtain multiple frequency division scanning signals; A field operation control module is used to load multiple frequency-division scanning signals into different controllable seismic sources for multiple times to obtain multiple controllable seismic source groups, wherein the number of controllable seismic sources in each controllable seismic source group is the same as the number of frequency-division scanning signals, and the frequency-division scanning signals loaded into any controllable seismic source in each controllable seismic source group are different; control multiple controllable seismic source groups to sequentially excite and scan in a target area, wherein multiple controllable seismic sources in each controllable seismic source group are synchronously excited, the excitation time interval of different controllable seismic source groups is a first time interval threshold, the minimum distance interval between any two controllable seismic source groups is a first distance threshold, and the first time interval threshold is determined according to the degree of harmonic interference between different frequency-division scanning signals and the first distance threshold; The data processing module is used to receive the seismic data collected by each controllable source group; The seismic data of the set and the synthetic reference signal are correlated to obtain a plurality of correlated seismic single shot data; the synthetic reference signal is synthesized by vertically superimposing a plurality of frequency division scanning signals.

9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

11. A computer program product, characterized in that The computer program product comprises a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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