Signal transmission method and apparatus

Abstract

Disclosed in the present application are a signal transmission method and apparatus. The method comprises: performing transform precoding on a PBCH time-domain signal, so as to obtain a PBCH frequency-domain signal; generating at least one frequency-domain signal, wherein each of the at least one frequency-domain signal is generated on the basis of a Golay complementary sequence; generating an SSB on the basis of the at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal, wherein the at least one frequency-domain signal and the PBCH frequency-domain signal occupy different symbols; and outputting the SSB. In the method, by means of generating at least one frequency-domain signal in an SSB on the basis of a Golay complementary sequence, the PAPR of the at least one frequency-domain signal in the SSB can be increased, thereby improving the system performance.

Description

Signal transmission method and device

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on November 29, 2023, with application number 202311614343.2 and application name “A Signal Transmission Method and Device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to a signal transmission method and device. Background Art

[0004] The synchronization signal block (SSB) consists of the primary synchronization signal (PSS), the secondary synchronization signal (SSS), and the physical broadcast channel (PBCH). th In the 5G generation (5G) communication system, the peak to average power ratio (PAPR) of the PSS and SSS is lower than the PAPR of the PBCH signal, and no performance loss is caused.

[0005] However, with the evolution of communication systems, such as the sixth generation (6 th In the 6G (6th generation) communication system, the frequency bands used for downlink transmission may be different. When the PBCH signal is transmitted using a downlink single carrier, the PAPR of the PSS and SSS will be higher than the PAPR of the PBCH signal, resulting in an increase in the system's power backoff and performance loss. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application provides a signal transmission method and apparatus for improving the PAPR of at least one frequency domain signal (such as PSS, SSS, etc.) in SSB to improve system performance.

[0007] In a first aspect, a signal transmission method is provided, which can be performed by a first communication device. Unless otherwise specified, the "first communication device" in this application can refer to the first communication device itself (for example, a network device, a terminal device), or a component in the first communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first communication device. The method includes: transforming and precoding a PBCH time domain signal to obtain a PBCH frequency domain signal; generating at least one frequency domain signal; wherein each frequency domain signal in the at least one frequency domain signal is generated based on a Gray complementary sequence; generating an SSB based on the at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal; wherein the at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal occupy different symbols; and outputting the SSB.

[0008] In the above scheme, at least one frequency domain signal (such as PSS, SSS, etc.) in the SSB is generated based on the Gray complementary sequence, which can improve the PAPR of at least one frequency domain signal in the SSB, for example, making the PAPR of at least one frequency domain signal in the SSB lower than the PAPR of the PBCH signal in the SSB, thereby improving system performance.

[0009] In one possible design, at least one frequency domain signal includes a PSS and / or an SSS. In other words, in an SSB, only the PSS may be generated based on a Golay complementary sequence, or only the SSS may be generated based on a Golay complementary sequence, or both the PSS and the SSS may be generated based on a Golay complementary sequence.

[0010] In one possible design, generating at least one frequency domain signal may include: determining a first Gray complementary sequence based on cell identification information; generating a first frequency domain signal based on the first Gray complementary sequence, wherein the at least one frequency domain signal includes the first frequency domain signal; wherein the cell identification information is related to the type of the first frequency domain signal, and the type of the first frequency domain signal is PSS or SSS.

[0011] In this way, it is possible to carry the cell identification information in the generation information of the Golay complementary sequence, thereby ensuring the original performance of the PSS and / or SSS (ie, carrying the cell identification information).

[0012] In one possible design, determining the first Golay complementary sequence according to the cell identification information may include: determining a first parameter according to the cell identification information; and determining the first Golay complementary sequence based on the first parameter, where the first Golay complementary sequence is a function of the first parameter.

[0013] For example, the cell identification information is the second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency domain signal is PSS;

[0014] The first parameter and the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) satisfy the following relationship:

[0015] c_init = c1*Cell_ID(2);

[0016] Wherein, c_init represents the first parameter, c1 is related to the number of candidate values ​​of the cell identifier Cell_ID and the number of candidate values ​​of the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), and the cell identifier includes the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) and the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1).

[0017] For example, the cell identification information is the first cell identification Cell_ID(1), and the type of the first frequency domain signal is SSS;

[0018] The first parameter and the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) satisfy the following relationship:

[0019] c_init=Cell_ID(1)modc2;

[0020] Wherein, c_init represents the first parameter, and c2 represents the number of candidate values ​​of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1).

[0021] For example, the cell identification information includes a first cell identification Cell_ID(1) and a second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency domain signal is SSS;

[0022] The first parameter, the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), and the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) satisfy the following relationship:

[0023]

[0024] Wherein, c_init represents the first parameter, c2 is the number of candidate values ​​of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), c3 is the sequence interval step 1 of SSS, and c4 is the sequence interval step 2 of SSS.

[0025] Of course, the above are only examples, and the actual relationship between the cell identification information and the first parameter is not limited to the above.

[0026] In one possible design, generating at least one frequency domain signal may include: cyclically shifting a second Gray complementary sequence according to cell identification information; generating a second frequency domain signal based on the cyclically shifted second Gray complementary sequence, wherein the at least one frequency domain signal includes the second frequency domain signal.

[0027] In this way, it is possible to indicate the cell identification information by cyclically shifting the Golay complementary sequence, thereby ensuring the original performance of the PSS and / or SSS (ie, carrying the cell identification information).

[0028] In one possible design, the cell identification information is the second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the second frequency domain signal is the PSS; or, the cell identification information is the first cell identification Cell_ID(1), and the second frequency domain signal is the SSS; or, the cell identification information includes the first cell identification Cell_ID(1) and the second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the second frequency domain signal is the SSS.

[0029] Of course, the above are just examples and are not limited to these.

[0030] In one possible design, at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal are mapped to the same frequency domain resources.

[0031] In this way, at least one frequency-domain signal can be used as the primary pilot signal for the PBCH signal (e.g., DMRS). For example, the PSS and / or SSS can be used to perform channel estimation on the PBCH signal, saving pilot signal overhead for the PBCH signal. Furthermore, because the Gray complementary sequence has the properties of both low PAPR and frequency-domain flatness, it also helps improve the channel estimation quality of the PBCH signal.

[0032] In one possible design, generating at least one frequency domain signal may include: obtaining a third frequency domain signal by extending a third Gray complementary sequence; wherein, the at least one frequency domain signal includes the third frequency domain signal, and the length to which the third Gray complementary sequence is extended is related to the length of the PBCH frequency domain signal.

[0033] In this way, at least one frequency domain signal generated based on the Gray complementary sequence can be equal in length to the PBCH frequency domain signal (or occupy the same frequency domain bandwidth), thereby ensuring the accuracy of channel estimation of the PBCH signal based on the at least one frequency domain signal.

[0034] In a second aspect, a signal transmission method is provided, which can be performed by a second communication device. Unless otherwise specified, the "second communication device" in this application can refer to the second communication device itself (for example, a terminal device, a network device), or a component in the second communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the second communication device. The method includes: receiving an SSB; the SSB includes at least one frequency domain signal and a PBCH frequency domain signal, each frequency domain signal in the at least one frequency domain signal is generated based on a Gray complementary sequence; and performing downlink synchronization based on the SSB.

[0035] In the above scheme, since at least one frequency domain signal in the SSB received by the second communication device is generated based on a Gray complementary sequence pair, the PAPR of at least one frequency domain signal in the SSB is improved and guaranteed, for example, the PAPR of at least one frequency domain signal in the SSB is made lower than the PAPR of the PBCH signal in the SSB, thereby ensuring improved system performance.

[0036] In one possible design, at least one frequency domain signal includes PSS and / or SSS.

[0037] In a possible design, performing downlink synchronization based on the SSB may include: determining P Gray complementary sequences based on P candidate values ​​of the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), where P is a positive integer; performing a peak search for the PSS in the SSB based on the P Gray complementary sequences; determining timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS based on the maximum peak value found out, and performing synchronization processing on the PSS based on the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS; and determining the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) based on the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak value found out.

[0038] In this way, the PSS can be correctly parsed and the downlink synchronization of the PSS can be completed.

[0039] In a possible design, performing downlink synchronization based on the SSB may also include: performing a first synchronization process on the SSS in the SSB according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS; determining Q Gray complementary sequences according to the Q candidate values ​​of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), where Q is a positive integer; performing a peak search on the SSS after the first synchronization process based on the Q Gray complementary sequences; determining the timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS according to the maximum peak value found out, performing a second synchronization process on the SSS according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS; and determining the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) according to the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak value found out.

[0040] In this way, the SSS can be correctly parsed and the downlink synchronization of the SSS can be completed.

[0041] In one possible design, at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal are mapped to the same frequency domain resources.

[0042] In this way, at least one frequency domain signal can be implemented as a primary pilot signal of the PBCH signal (such as a DMRS), such as a PSS and / or SSS, which can be used to perform channel estimation on the PBCH signal.

[0043] In one possible design, channel estimation of the PBCH frequency domain signal may also be performed based on at least one frequency domain signal.

[0044] In this way, the pilot overhead of the PBCH signal can be reduced. In addition, because the Gray complementary sequence has the properties of low PAPR and frequency domain flatness, it also helps to improve the channel estimation quality.

[0045] According to a third aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes a module, a unit, or a technical means for implementing the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect.

[0046] Exemplarily, the apparatus may include:

[0047] a processing module that transforms and precodes the PBCH time domain signal to obtain a PBCH frequency domain signal; generates at least one frequency domain signal; wherein each of the at least one frequency domain signal is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence; and generates an SSB based on the at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal; wherein the at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal occupy different symbols;

[0048] Transceiver module, used to output SSB.

[0049] In one possible design, at least one frequency domain signal includes PSS and / or SSS.

[0050] In one possible design, the processing module can be used to: determine a first Gray complementary sequence based on cell identification information; generate a first frequency domain signal based on the first Gray complementary sequence, at least one frequency domain signal including the first frequency domain signal; wherein the cell identification information is related to the type of the first frequency domain signal, and the type of the first frequency domain signal is PSS or SSS.

[0051] In one possible design, the processing module may be configured to: determine a first parameter according to the cell identification information; and determine a first Golay complementary sequence based on the first parameter, where the first Golay complementary sequence is a function of the first parameter.

[0052] In one possible design, the cell identification information is the second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency domain signal is PSS;

[0053] The first parameter and the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) satisfy the following relationship:

[0054] c_init = c1*Cell_ID(2);

[0055] Wherein, c_init represents the first parameter, c1 is related to the number of candidate values ​​of the cell identifier Cell_ID and the number of candidate values ​​of the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), and the cell identifier includes the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) and the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1).

[0056] In one possible design, the cell identification information is a first cell identification Cell_ID(1), and the type of the first frequency domain signal is SSS;

[0057] The first parameter and the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) satisfy the following relationship:

[0058] c_init=Cell_ID(1)modc2;

[0059] Wherein, c_init represents the first parameter, and c2 represents the number of candidate values ​​of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1).

[0060] In one possible design, the cell identification information includes a first cell identification Cell_ID (1) and a second cell identification Cell_ID (2), and the type of the first frequency domain signal is SSS;

[0061] The first parameter, the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), and the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) satisfy the following relationship:

[0062]

[0063] Wherein, c_init represents the first parameter, c2 is the number of candidate values ​​of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), c3 is the sequence interval step 1 of SSS, and c4 is the sequence interval step 2 of SSS.

[0064] In one possible design, the processing module can be used to: cyclically shift the second Gray complementary sequence according to the cell identification information; generate a second frequency domain signal based on the cyclically shifted second Gray complementary sequence, and at least one frequency domain signal includes the second frequency domain signal.

[0065] In one possible design, the cell identification information is the second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the second frequency domain signal is the PSS; or, the cell identification information is the first cell identification Cell_ID(1), and the second frequency domain signal is the SSS; or, the cell identification information includes the first cell identification Cell_ID(1) and the second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the second frequency domain signal is the SSS.

[0066] In one possible design, at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal are mapped to the same frequency domain resources.

[0067] In one possible design, the processing module can be used to: obtain a third frequency domain signal by expanding the third Gray complementary sequence; wherein, at least one frequency domain signal includes the third frequency domain signal, and the length to which the third Gray complementary sequence is extended is related to the length of the PBCH frequency domain signal.

[0068] In a fourth aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes a module, unit or technical means for implementing the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect.

[0069] Exemplarily, the apparatus may include:

[0070] A transceiver module is configured to receive an SSB; the SSB includes at least one frequency domain signal and a PBCH frequency domain signal, wherein each frequency domain signal in the at least one frequency domain signal is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence;

[0071] A processing module is used to perform downlink synchronization based on SSB.

[0072] In one possible design, at least one frequency domain signal includes PSS and / or SSS.

[0073] In one possible design, the processing module can be used to: determine P Gray complementary sequences based on P candidate values ​​of the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), where P is a positive integer; perform peak search on the PSS in the SSB based on the P Gray complementary sequences; determine the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS based on the maximum peak value searched, and synchronize the PSS based on the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS; and determine the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) based on the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak value searched.

[0074] In one possible design, the processing module can also be used to: perform a first synchronization process on the SSS in the SSB according to the timing information and frequency deviation information of the PSS; determine Q Gray complementary sequences according to the Q candidate values ​​of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), where Q is a positive integer; perform a peak search on the SSS after the first synchronization process based on the Q Gray complementary sequences; determine the timing information and frequency deviation information of the SSS according to the maximum peak value searched, and perform a second synchronization process on the SSS according to the timing information and frequency deviation information of the SSS; and determine the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) according to the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak value searched.

[0075] In one possible design, at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal are mapped to the same frequency domain resources.

[0076] In one possible design, the processing module may also be used to perform channel estimation on the PBCH frequency domain signal based on at least one frequency domain signal.

[0077] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, which includes a processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is electrically coupled to the processor, and the processor causes the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect to be executed through a logic circuit or execution code instructions, or causes the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect to be executed.

[0078] In a sixth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein a computer program or instruction is stored in the storage medium. When the computer program or instruction is executed, the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect is executed, or the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect is executed.

[0079] In the seventh aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising instructions, which, when run on a computer, causes the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect to be executed, or causes the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect to be executed.

[0080] In an eighth aspect, a communication system is provided, comprising a first communication device and a second communication device, the first communication device being used to execute the method described in the first aspect or any possible design of the first aspect, and the second communication device being used to execute the method described in the second aspect or any possible design of the second aspect.

[0081] The specific designs and beneficial effects of the third to eighth aspects mentioned above can be referred to the corresponding designs and beneficial effects in the first to second aspects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0082] FIG1 is a flowchart of processing a DFT-s-OFDM signal;

[0083] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an SSB frame structure;

[0084] Figure 3 is a comparison of the PAPR of the m-sequence and PBCH;

[0085] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application;

[0086] FIG5 is a flow chart of a signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0087] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a possible SSB frame structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0088] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of cyclic shifting of a Golay complementary sequence;

[0089] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of a set of experimental data provided by the present application;

[0090] FIG9 is a flowchart of another signal transmission method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0091] FIG10 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0092] FIG11 is a schematic structural diagram of another communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0093] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application, some of the terms mentioned in the embodiments of the present application are explained and illustrated below.

[0094] (1) The "plurality" involved in the embodiments of the present application refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent three situations: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. In addition, it should be understood that although the terms first, second, etc. may be used to describe each object in the embodiments of the present invention, these objects should not be limited to these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish each object from each other.

[0095] The terms "including" and "having" and any variations thereof mentioned in the description of the embodiments of the present application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product or device that includes a series of steps or units is not limited to the listed steps or units, but may optionally include other steps or units that are not listed, or may optionally include other steps or units that are inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices. It should be noted that in the embodiments of the present application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or design schemes. Specifically, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present related concepts in a concrete way.

[0096] (2) Single carrier and multi-carrier:

[0097] Single-carrier refers to convolving a roll-off filter with serially arranged transmission signals to form a transmission signal; multi-carrier refers to arranging transmission signals in parallel and forming a transmission signal through inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT).

[0098] For example, the single-carrier waveform may be a single carrier-quadrature amplitude modulation (SC-QAM) waveform, and the multi-carrier waveform may be an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) waveform. In addition, the discrete Fourier transform-spread-orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (DFT-s-OFDM) waveform is almost equivalent to the traditional single-carrier waveform, but it uses a multi-carrier implementation method, making it easy to be compatible with OFDM. However, its essence is still a single-carrier waveform, so it can also be considered a single carrier.

[0099] FIG1 is a flow chart of signal processing of a transmitter of a network device or a terminal device when a DFT-s-OFDM waveform is used for communication between the network device and the terminal device.

[0100] As shown in Figure 1, the transmitter modulates the coded bit stream to obtain a modulated data sequence. The transmitter performs time domain resource mapping on the reference signal sequence and the modulated sequence (i.e., determines the time domain resources for each sequence, such as determining the OFDM symbol carrying each sequence). The reference signal sequence is, for example, at least one of a demodulation reference signal (DMRS) sequence, a phase tracking reference signal (PTRS) sequence, a tracking reference signal (TRS) sequence, or a channel state information-reference signal (CSI-RS) sequence. The transmitter performs transform precoding on the sequence after time domain resource mapping (e.g., a discrete Fourier transformation (DFT) operation to transform it into the frequency domain); performs subcarrier mapping on the sequence after DFT (e.g., mapping it to a resource element (RE)); performs IFFT on the sequence after subcarrier mapping and superimposes a cyclic prefix (CP) to obtain a DFT-s-OFDM sequence.

[0101] The receiver performs the opposite process to the transmitter. For example, after obtaining the DFT-s-OFDM sequence, the receiver removes the superimposed CP in the sequence and performs operations such as DFT, subcarrier demapping, and IDFT to recover the reference signal sequence and the coded bit stream.

[0102] It will be understood that the relevant operations in FIG1 are merely examples, and optionally, other possible operations may also be included, such as at least one of frequency domain spectrum shaping, serial-to-parallel conversion, parallel-to-serial conversion, digital-to-analog conversion, power amplification, low-noise amplification, and analog-to-digital conversion.

[0103] (3)PAPR:

[0104] Observed in the time domain, wireless signals are sinusoidal waves with varying amplitudes. The amplitude is not constant. The peak amplitude of a signal within one cycle is different from the peak amplitude of another cycle, so the average power and peak power in each cycle are different. Over a long period of time, peak power is the maximum instantaneous power with a certain probability of occurring, typically 0.01% (10^-4). The ratio of the peak power at this probability to the total average power of the system is the PAPR.

[0105] (4) Golay complementary sequence and Golay complementary sequence pair:

[0106] For two sequences of length n a=(a0, a1, a2,…, a n-1 ) and b=(b0,b1,b2,…,b n-1 ),set up:

[0107] If sequence a and sequence b meet the following requirements, then sequence a and sequence b form a Golay complementary sequence pair (or a pair of Golay complementary sequences), a is a Golay complementary sequence, and b is a Golay complementary sequence:

[0108] For any 0 <j<n-1,G a (j)+G b (j) = 0, and when j = 0, G a (j)+G b (j) = 2n.

[0109] In other words, in a Gray complementary sequence pair, the sum of the autocorrelations of the two sequences is 0 when j is not 0, and is 2n when j is 0.

[0110] It is understood that for sequence a, in addition to sequence b, there may be other sequences that meet the above requirements as well as sequence a. For sequence b, in addition to sequence a, there may be other sequences that meet the above requirements as well as sequence b. Therefore, the number of Golay complementary sequences in a Golay complementary sequence pair can be two or more.

[0111] According to the types of elements contained in the Golay complementary sequence, the Golay complementary sequence can be divided into a binary Golay complementary sequence, a quaternary Golay complementary sequence, and a multi-element Golay complementary sequence.

[0112] (5) Synchronization signal and PBCH block (SSB):

[0113] The SSB includes a primary synchronization signal (PSS), a secondary synchronization signal (SSS) and a physical broadcast channel (PBCH) signal.

[0114] PSS: The first signal a UE searches for upon powering on and entering a new radio (NR) system is the PSS. During this phase, the UE searches for cells on a given carrier frequency. Once the UE detects the PSS, it synchronizes to the PSS period.

[0115] SSS: Once the UE detects the PSS, it also knows the transmission timing of the SSS. By detecting the SSS, the UE can determine the physical cell ID (PCI) of the cell.

[0116] PBCH: The main information carried on PBCH is the master information block (MIB). The MIB contains information such as the system frame number, cell blocking flag, and system information block (SIB) parameter set. The UE obtains the remaining system information broadcast by the network based on this information.

[0117] SSB frame structure in 5G systems: Each SSB occupies four consecutive symbols in the time domain and 20 RBs (i.e., 240 subcarriers) in the frequency domain. Figure 2 shows the SSB frame structure in 5G systems. The PSS and SSS occupy 127 subcarriers in the first and third symbols of the SSB, respectively. The PBCH occupies the second and fourth symbols of the SSB, and also occupies 48 subcarriers on both ends of the SSS in the third symbol.

[0118] Because 5G downlink uses OFDM, a transmission method that places signals in the frequency domain, the design of SSB in 5G systems does not consider PAPR. However, considering the evolution of communication systems (such as 6G), higher frequency bands will be used for SSB transmission. To further improve coverage, downlink transmission may use single carrier transmission, which will increase the PAPR requirements.

[0119] For example, in 5G systems, 3GPP discussed using the longest linear feedback shift register sequence (m-sequence) to generate PSS and SSS. As shown in Figure 3, the PAPR of the 5G PSS and SSS (i.e., the m-sequence shown in Figure 3) is lower than that of the 5G PBCH signal, resulting in no performance loss. However, in 6G systems, if higher-frequency carriers are used and the 6G PBCH signal uses a single downlink carrier, the PAPR of the PSS and SSS generated using the 5G method (i.e., the m-sequence shown in Figure 3) will be higher than that of the PBCH signal, resulting in increased system power backoff and performance loss.

[0120] In view of this, a technical solution of an embodiment of the present application is provided for designing a new method for generating PSS and / or SSS to ensure that the PAPR of PSS and / or SSS is lower than the PAPR of the PBCH signal, thereby ensuring communication performance.

[0121] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as fifth-generation (5G) mobile communication systems, such as new radio (NR) systems, sixth-generation (6G) mobile communication systems, universal mobile telecommunications systems (UMTS), wireless local area networks (WLAN), wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) systems, and other communication systems that will evolve in the future.

[0122] The embodiments of the present application can be applied to the following scenarios: enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB), multi-site transmission (the same terminal device transmits signals to multiple sites), backhaul scenarios, wireless broadband to the home (WTTx), device to device (D2D), or other scenarios with high timing requirements or high transmission rate requirements.

[0123] For example, Figure 4 is a schematic diagram of a communication system applicable to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 4, the communication system may include one or more network devices and one or more terminal devices. The interface between the network device and the terminal device may be a Uu interface (or air interface), and data may be transmitted between the network device and the terminal device via air interface resources.

[0124] FIG4 exemplifies scenarios applicable to embodiments of the present application, namely, eMBB (shown by the solid line in FIG4 ), multi-site transmission (shown by the dashed line ① in FIG4 ), backhaul scenario (shown by the dashed line ② in FIG4 ), and D2D (shown by the dashed line ③ in FIG4 ). It should be understood that the four scenarios shown in FIG4 are merely examples and are not limited to these by embodiments of the present application.

[0125] The network device can be a base station, an evolved NodeB (eNodeB), a transmission reception point (TRP), a next generation NodeB (gNB) in a fifth generation (5G) mobile communication system, a base station in a sixth generation (6G) mobile communication system, a base station in a future mobile communication system, or an access node in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, etc.; it can also be a module or unit that performs some of the functions of a base station, for example, a centralized unit (CU) or a distributed unit (DU). The access network device can be a macro base station (such as 110a in Figure 4), a micro base station or an indoor station (such as 110b in Figure 4), a relay node or a donor node, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the access network device. In the embodiments of the present application, a base station is used as an example of an access network device for description.

[0126] In one possible scenario, multiple RAN nodes collaborate to assist the terminal in achieving wireless access, and different RAN nodes respectively implement part of the functions of the base station. For example, the RAN node can be a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU). The CU and DU can be set separately, or they can be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or radio frequency unit, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU), or a remote radio head (RRH).

[0127] In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU may also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in an open radio access network (O-RAN or open RAN or ORAN) system, CU may also be called O-CU (open CU), DU may also be called O-DU, CU-CP may also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP may also be called O-CU-UP, and RU may also be called O-RU. For the convenience of description, this application takes CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU and RU as examples for description. Any unit of CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module.

[0128] Terminal devices may also be referred to as terminals, user equipment (UE), mobile stations, mobile terminals, etc. Terminal devices can be widely used in various scenarios, for example, device-to-device (D2D), vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), Internet of Things (IOT), virtual reality, augmented reality, industrial control, autonomous driving, telemedicine, smart grid, smart furniture, smart office, smart wearable, smart transportation, smart city, etc. Terminal devices may be mobile phones, tablet computers, computers with wireless transceiver functions, wearable devices, vehicles, drones, helicopters, airplanes, ships, robots, robotic arms, smart home devices, etc. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the specific technology and specific device form adopted by the terminal devices.

[0129] Base stations and UEs can be fixed or mobile. They can be deployed on land, indoors or outdoors, handheld or vehicle-mounted; on water; or in the air on aircraft, balloons, and satellites. The embodiments of this application do not limit the application scenarios of base stations and UEs.

[0130] Communication between base stations and UEs, between base stations, and between UEs can be carried out through authorized spectrum, unauthorized spectrum, or both; communication can be carried out through spectrum below 6 gigahertz (GHz), spectrum above 6 GHz, or spectrum below 6 GHz and spectrum above 6 GHz. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the spectrum resources used for wireless communication.

[0131] The communication system and scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. A person skilled in the art will appreciate that, with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are equally applicable to similar technical problems.

[0132] In the embodiment of the present application, the waveform used for communication between the network device and the terminal device can be a single-carrier waveform or a multi-carrier waveform. In the embodiment of the present application, a DFT-s-OFDM waveform is used as an example for description.

[0133] Referring to FIG5 , a signal transmission method is provided in an embodiment of the present application, which can be applied to the communication system shown in FIG4 . The method can be executed by a first communication device. Unless otherwise specified, the “first communication device” in this application can refer to the first communication device itself (for example, the network device or terminal device shown in FIG4 ), or a component in the first communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the first communication device.

[0134] The method includes S101 to S104:

[0135] S101. Perform transformation and precoding on a PBCH time domain signal to obtain a PBCH frequency domain signal.

[0136] The PBCH time domain signal is the signal before transform domain precoding of the PBCH signal, and the PBCH frequency domain signal is the signal after the PBCH signal is mapped to frequency domain resources. In some embodiments, the PBCH time domain signal and / or the PBCH frequency domain signal may be referred to as the PBCH signal.

[0137] Performing transform precoding on the PBCH time domain signal refers to transforming the PBCH time domain signal from the time domain to the frequency domain. For example, performing DFT processing on the PBCH time domain signal can obtain a PBCH frequency domain signal.

[0138] In an embodiment of the present application, a DFT-s-OFDM waveform can be used to transmit the PBCH time domain signal. For example, referring to the transmitter structure shown in Figure 1, the transform domain coding of the PBCH time domain signal can be performed after time domain resource mapping and before subcarrier mapping.

[0139] In some embodiments, the PBCH time domain signal may be replaced by other names such as a PBCH time domain sequence or at least one PBCH time domain symbol; the PBCH frequency domain signal may be replaced by other names such as a PBCH frequency domain sequence or a PBCH frequency domain symbol.

[0140] S102: Generate at least one frequency domain signal.

[0141] Each of the at least one frequency domain signal is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence. The at least one frequency domain signal may include a PSS and / or an SSS. It is understood that the frequency domain signal may also be replaced by other names such as a frequency domain sequence or a frequency domain symbol, without limitation.

[0142] In one possible implementation, at least one frequency domain signal is a PSS, that is, the PSS is generated based on a Gray complementary sequence. The SSS can be generated based on other sequences, for example, the SSS is generated based on a Gold sequence or a Zadoff-Chu (ZC) sequence, etc., which is not limited in the embodiment of the present application. In this case, the frame structure of the SSB can be a structure in which the SSS and the PBCH signal overlap in the time domain, such as the frame structure shown in Figure 3.

[0143] In another possible implementation, at least one frequency domain signal may include a PSS and an SSS, that is, the PSS and the SSS are generated based on a Gray complementary sequence. The PSS and the SSS may be generated by the same Gray complementary sequence or by different Gray complementary sequences, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. When the PSS and the SSS are generated by different Gray complementary sequences, the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the PSS and the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the SSS may or may not constitute a Gray complementary sequence pair, which is not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0144] In this case, the SSB frame structure can be a structure in which the SSS and PBCH signals do not overlap in the time domain. For example, see Figure 6, which is a schematic diagram of a possible SSB frame structure provided in an embodiment of the present application, where the PSS, SSS, and PBCH signals occupy different time domain symbols.

[0145] Optionally, at least one frequency domain signal is a pilot signal (or at least one frequency domain signal can be used as a pilot signal), and the PSS, SSS, and PBCH can be mapped to the same frequency domain resources (or occupy the same bandwidth), as shown in Figure 6. In this way, the PSS and / or SSS can be used as the primary pilot (such as DMRS) of the PBCH signal, that is, the PSS and / or SSS can be used to perform channel estimation on the PBCH signal, which can save the pilot (such as DMRS) overhead on the PBCH.

[0146] It can be understood that the PSS and SSS need to carry their respective corresponding cell identification information. For example, the PSS needs to carry the second cell identification Cell_ID (2), the SSS needs to carry the first cell identification Cell_ID (1), or the SSS needs to carry the first cell identification Cell_ID (1) and the second cell identification Cell_ID (2).

[0147] The following describes several possible designs for PSS and / or SSS to carry cell identification information:

[0148] In a possible design, the first communication device may generate a Golay complementary sequence based on the cell identification information, or in other words, the first communication device may carry the cell identification information in the generation information of the Golay complementary sequence.

[0149] Exemplarily, generating at least one frequency domain signal includes: determining a first Gray complementary sequence based on cell identification information; generating a first frequency domain signal based on the first Gray complementary sequence, wherein the at least one frequency domain signal includes the first frequency domain signal (or the first frequency domain signal is one of the at least one frequency domain signal). The cell identification information is related to the type of the first frequency domain signal, and the type of the first frequency domain signal is PSS or SSS. For example, when the first frequency domain signal is PSS, the cell identification information is Cell_ID(2); when the first frequency domain signal is SSS, the cell identification information is Cell_ID(1), or includes Cell_ID(1) and Cell_ID(2).

[0150] The following describes a possible method for determining the first Golay complementary sequence based on the cell identification information:

[0151] First, a first parameter is determined according to the cell identification information.

[0152] For ease of description, c_init is used below to represent the first parameter.

[0153] If the first frequency domain signal is PSS, c_init is related to Cell_ID(2); if the first frequency domain signal is SSS, the first parameter c_init is related to Cell_ID(1), or is related to both Cell_ID(1) and Cell_ID(2).

[0154] Example 1: The cell identification information is Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency domain signal is PSS; then c_init and Cell_ID(2) can satisfy the following relationship:

[0155] c_init = c1*Cell_ID(2);

[0156] Wherein, c1 is related to the maximum cyclic shift length of Cell_ID(2), for example, if c1=43, then c_init=43*Cell_ID(2).

[0157] Example 2: The cell identification information is Cell_ID(1), and the type of the first frequency domain signal is SSS; then c_init and Cell_ID(1) can satisfy the following relationship:

[0158] c_init=Cell_ID(1)modc2;

[0159] Here, c2 is the number s1 of candidate values ​​of Cell_ID(1).

[0160] For example, taking s1=112 as an example, then c_init=Cell_ID(1)mod112.

[0161] Example 3: The cell identification information includes Cell_ID(1) and Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency domain signal is SSS; then c_init, Cell_ID(1), and Cell_ID(2) may satisfy the following relationship:

[0162] Where c2 is the number s1 of candidate values ​​for Cell_ID(1), c3 is the sequence interval step size 1 of SSS, and c4 is the sequence interval step size 2 of SSS. It can be understood that the sequence interval step size is used to achieve the differences between different SSS sequences. The larger the sequence interval step size, the greater the differences between different SSS sequences.

[0163] For example, taking c2=112, c3=15, c4=5 as an example,

[0164] Of course, the above are only examples of several possible relationships between cell identification information and c_init, and are not limited thereto.

[0165] Then, a generating function is determined based on the first parameter.

[0166] For example, convert c_init into binary form:

[0167] Get a binary vector of length N1

[0168] x=dec2bin(0:2 N1 -1), x is 2 N1 *N1 binary number matrix;

[0169] Then the generating function f(x) can be:

[0170] In formula 1, what is related to c_init can be a, b, ... in the generating function or

[0171] In one possible example, the association between c_init and the generator function can be such that each binary number is mapped to an addition, such as:

[0172] in, Represents a binary number The nth bit of is 0 or 1. x(:,1) is the first column of the binary matrix. Formula 1 means that the nth bit of the initial value (0 or 1) is multiplied by a column vector, and then summed to obtain a column vector. This column vector f(x) is used to generate the Gray complementary sequence. When the initial value is different, the generated column vector is different. Formula 1 can also be adjusted in any position, for example: or etc.

[0173] In another possible example, the association relationship between c_init and the generated function may also be the link position of a, b, and c.

[0174] For example, in Formula 1, x(:,1).*x(:,2)+x(:,2).*x(:,3)+…+x(:,N1-1).*x(:,N1) forms a link formula from 1 to N1 (from 1 to 2, 2 to 3, …, (N1-1) to N1). Of course, the starting and ending points of this link can be adjusted arbitrarily. As long as the link points cover all values ​​from 1 to N1, for example, x(:,2).*x(:,1)+x(:,1).*x(:,3)+…+x(:,N1-1).*x(:,N1) forms a link formula from 2 to N1 (from 2 to 1, 1 to 3, …, (N1-1) to N1). c_init can be reflected in this link formula. For example, if c_init = 1, it means a link from 1 to N1, c_init = 2 means a link from 3 to N1, and so on.

[0175] Finally, the first Golay complementary sequence is obtained based on the generating function f(x).

[0176] For example, based on the generating function f(x), a Gray complementary sequence pair is obtained, which consists of two sequences of length 2. N1 Take the Golay complementary sequence pair composed of the Golay complementary sequence as an example: r(2n)=(-1).^f(x); r(2n+1)=(-1).^f(x)+x(:,1).

[0177] Then the first Golay complementary sequence may be r(2n) or r(2n+1).

[0178] In another possible design, the Gray complementary sequence used to generate at least one frequency domain signal can be at least one fixed Gray complementary sequence (the at least one Gray complementary sequence can be specified by the protocol, or pre-configured by the system, etc., without limitation), and the first communication device can indicate the cell identification information by cyclically shifting the Gray complementary sequence.

[0179] Exemplarily, the second Gray complementary sequence can be cyclically shifted according to the cell identification information; a second frequency domain signal is generated based on the cyclically shifted second Gray complementary sequence, and at least one frequency domain signal includes the second frequency domain signal (or the second frequency domain signal is one of the at least one frequency domain signal).

[0180] The cell identification information is related to the type of the second frequency domain signal, and the type of the second frequency domain signal is PSS or SSS. For example, when the second frequency domain signal is PSS, the cell identification information is Cell_ID(2); when the second frequency domain signal is SSS, the cell identification information is Cell_ID(1), or includes Cell_ID(1) and Cell_ID(2).

[0181] The length of the cyclic shift is related to the value of the cell identification information.

[0182] Taking PSS as an example, there are three possible values ​​for Cell_ID(2), namely 0, 1, and 2. Then, different cyclic shift lengths can be used to indicate 0, 1, and 2 respectively. For example, as shown in Figure 7, when Cell_ID(2) = 0, the cyclic shift length is 1, and when Cell_ID(2) = 1, the cyclic shift length is 2. N1 / 3, the length of the cyclic shift is 0, when Cell_ID(2)=3, the length of the cyclic shift is 2*2 N1 / 3, of which 2 N1 Indicates the length of the Gray complementary sequence. Of course, FIG7 is only an example, and the correspondence between the actual cyclic shift length and the value of Cell_ID(2) is not limited to this. For SSS, the example of PSS can be referred to, and no further examples are given here.

[0183] It can be understood that the above only cites two ways of carrying cell identification information, and is not limited thereto.

[0184] In some embodiments, if the length of the Golay complementary sequence generated by the above method is not equal to the target length (for example, the Golay complementary sequence used to generate the PSS is different from the length of the PSS, and the Golay complementary sequence used to generate the SSS is different from the length of the SSS), the Golay complementary sequence may be extended (or expanded, processed, etc.) to reach the target length. The extension method may be either increasing or decreasing, without limitation.

[0185] Taking the scenario where the length of PSS and / or SSS occupies the same bandwidth as the PBCH signal as an example (i.e., the target length is equal to the length of PBCH, represented by N), if the length of the Gray complementary sequence is different from the length of the PBCH frequency domain signal, the Gray complementary sequence needs to be extended to the same length as the PBCH frequency domain signal.

[0186] Exemplarily, generating at least one frequency domain signal may also include: obtaining a third frequency domain signal by extending a third Gray complementary sequence; wherein, the at least one frequency domain signal includes the third frequency domain signal (or the third frequency domain signal is one of the at least one frequency domain signal), and the length to which the third Gray complementary sequence is extended is related to the length of the PBCH frequency domain signal.

[0187] The following are two possible extension methods:

[0188] Method 1: If N≠2 N1 , and N = 2 N1 *c N2 , where N2 is a positive integer, the following formula can be used to expand the Golay complementary sequence N2 times:

[0189] Take the Golay complementary sequence pair r(2n) and r(2n+1) as an example: r′(2n)=a⊙(r(2n)+r(2n+1)) / 2+b⊙(r(2n)-r(2n+1)) / 2; r′(2n+1)=a⊙(r(2n)+r(2n+1)) / 2-b⊙(r(2n)-r(2n+1)) / 2;r′(2n+1);

[0190] Among them, r′(2n) and r′(2n+1) are the extended Golay complementary sequence pairs; ⊙ indicates that the convolution [a, b] is a Golay complementary sequence pair with a length of c.

[0191] Method 2: If N≠2 N1 , and N≠2 N1 *c N2 , where N2 is a positive integer, the Golay complementary sequence can be directly padded or truncated to the same length as the PBCH, for example:

[0192] in, refers to the sequence generated by the above steps, for example, r = r(2n), is an extension of this sequence, N refers to The sequence length is M, and M is the total extended sequence length.

[0193] It can be understood that the above expansion methods are only examples and are not limited thereto.

[0194] Furthermore, after obtaining the Golay complementary sequence, at least one frequency domain signal is generated based on the Golay complementary sequence.

[0195] For example, taking the generation of a PSS sequence based on a Golay complementary sequence as an example: d(n)=1-2x(m); or d(n)=x(m); m=(n+c_init)mod Length_Sequence;

[0196] Wherein, d(n) is the PSS sequence; n is the index value of d(n), indicating the nth sequence of d(n); m is the index value of the related sequence x(m), indicating the mth sequence of x(m); m is related to n and the initial value; x is the base sequence, that is, the Golay complementary sequence obtained above; Length_Sequence is the length of the PSS sequence; 1: Length_Sequence.

[0197] S103. Generate an SSB according to at least one frequency domain signal and a PBCH frequency domain signal.

[0198] Wherein, at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal occupy different symbols. It can be understood that the symbols here refer to time domain symbols, such as OFDM symbols, and this application does not impose any limitation.

[0199] For example, if at least one frequency-domain signal includes a PSS, the PSS and the PBCH frequency-domain signal may occupy different symbols. Alternatively, the PSS and the PBCH frequency-domain signal may occupy the same bandwidth (i.e., mapped to the same frequency-domain resource), as shown in FIG6 . In this manner, the PSS may serve as the primary pilot for the PBCH frequency-domain signal.

[0200] For example, if at least one frequency domain signal includes a PSS and an SSS, the PSS, SSS, and PBCH frequency domain signals all occupy different symbols. Optionally, the PSS, SSS, and PBCH frequency domain signals can occupy the same bandwidth (i.e., mapped to the same frequency domain resources), as shown in Figure 6. In this way, both the PSS and SSS can serve as primary pilots for the PBCH frequency domain signal.

[0201] In a specific implementation, generating an SSB based on at least one frequency domain signal and a PBCH frequency domain signal may include combining (or concatenating) the at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal into an SSB to obtain an SSB in the frequency domain. For example, if the at least one frequency domain signal includes a PSS and an SSS, generating an SSB based on the at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal may include adding the PSS and SSS around the PBCH frequency domain signal.

[0202] It can be understood that the generated SSB here may refer to the SSB after frequency domain resource mapping (or subcarrier mapping) (ie, SSB in the frequency domain), or may refer to the SSB after IFFT, adding CP, etc. (ie, SSB in the time domain), which is not limited in this application. Optionally, generating the SSB may also include performing IFFT, adding CP, and other operations on the SSB in the frequency domain to obtain the SSB in the time domain.

[0203] S104, output SSB.

[0204] It can be understood that outputting SSB can be outputting SSB to a processing unit (such as a medium radio frequency) or sending SSB through a carrier, and the embodiments of the present application do not limit this.

[0205] In the above scheme, the above scheme generates at least one frequency domain signal (such as PSS, SSS, etc.) in the SSB based on the Gray complementary sequence, which can improve the PAPR of at least one frequency domain signal in the SSB, for example, making the PAPR of at least one frequency domain signal in the SSB lower than the PAPR of the PBCH signal in the SSB, thereby improving system performance. In addition, the embodiment of the present application also designs that the PSS (and / or SSS) and the PBCH signal occupy the same bandwidth, and thus the PSS (and / or SSS) can be used as the main pilot for PBCH signal channel estimation. Since the Gray complementary sequence has the properties of low PAPR and frequency domain flatness, it also helps to improve the channel estimation quality of the PBCH and save the pilot overhead of the PBCH signal.

[0206] For example, Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of a set of experimental data based on the above-mentioned scheme provided by the present application. The horizontal axis in Figure 8 is PAPR (dB), which represents the peak power ratio of the signal, and the vertical axis is the complementary cumulative distribution function (CCDF), which represents the probability that the peak power ratio of the signal is greater than the horizontal axis. As can be seen from Figure 8, the PAPR of the PSS generated by the above-mentioned scheme is lower than the PAPR of the PBCH signal in the part greater than 3dB.

[0207] The above describes the signal transmission method on the first communication device side. The following describes the signal transmission method on the second communication device side.

[0208] Referring to Figure 9, an embodiment of the present application also provides a signal transmission method. The method can be performed by a second communication device. Unless otherwise specified, the "second communication device" in this application can refer to the second communication device itself (for example, the network device or terminal device shown in Figure 4), or a component in the second communication device (for example, a processor, a chip, or a chip system, etc.), or a logic module or software that can implement all or part of the functions of the second communication device. The method includes S201-S202:

[0209] S201. Receive SSB.

[0210] The SSB includes at least one frequency domain signal and a PBCH frequency domain signal, and each of the at least one frequency domain signal is generated based on a Gray complementary sequence. For a detailed description of the SSB, the at least one frequency domain signal, the PBCH frequency domain signal, and the Gray complementary sequence, please refer to the relevant content above and will not be repeated here.

[0211] S202. Perform downlink synchronization based on SSB.

[0212] Exemplarily, S202 may include the following steps:

[0213] 1) Synchronize the PSS in SSB;

[0214] Exemplarily, first, P Golay complementary sequences are determined based on P candidate values ​​of the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), where P is a positive integer; wherein the candidate value of Cell_ID(2) refers to possible values ​​of Cell_ID(2), for example, 0, 1, and 2, and then three Golay complementary sequences are generated based on 0, 1, and 2, respectively (for details, refer to the method in which the first communication device generates a Golay complementary sequence based on Cell_ID(2) described above);

[0215] Then, a peak search is performed on the PSS in the SSB based on the P Golay complementary sequences to determine the maximum peak value. The Golay complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak value is the Golay complementary sequence used by the first terminal device to generate the PSS.

[0216] Finally, the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS are determined based on the maximum peak value found, and the PSS is synchronized based on the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS; and the second cell identifier Cell_ID (2) is determined based on the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak value found.

[0217] 2) After solving Cell_ID (2), synchronize the SSS;

[0218] Exemplarily, first, the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS are used as the approximate timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS, and the first synchronization process is performed on the SSS in the SSB according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS;

[0219] Then, Q Golay complementary sequences are determined according to Q candidate values ​​of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), where Q is a positive integer; wherein the candidate value of Cell_ID(1) refers to a possible value of Cell_ID(1).

[0220] Then, a peak search is performed on the SSS after the first synchronization process based on the Q Gray complementary sequences. Since there are many candidate values ​​for Cell_ID (1), a blind search matching method (such as sliding correlation) can be used here to determine the maximum peak. The Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak is the Gray complementary sequence used by the first terminal device to generate the SSS.

[0221] Finally, the timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS are determined based on the maximum peak value found, and the SSS is synchronized for the second time based on the timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS; and the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) is determined based on the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the maximum peak value found.

[0222] 3) If the bandwidth occupied by PSS and / or SSS is the same as the bandwidth occupied by the PBCH frequency domain signal (or is mapped to the same frequency domain resource), then the PSS and / or SSS can be used to perform channel estimation on the PBCH frequency domain signal to obtain the channel estimation performance of the PBCH frequency domain signal, perform channel equalization on the PBCH frequency domain signal, and demodulate the system information carried in the PBCH frequency domain signal; if the PSS and / or SSS and PBCH occupy different bandwidths (or are mapped to different frequency domain resources), then the DMRS configured for the PBCH frequency domain signal can be used to perform signal estimation on the PBCH frequency domain signal to obtain the channel estimation performance of the PBCH frequency domain signal, perform channel equalization on the PBCH frequency domain signal, and demodulate the system information carried in the PBCH frequency domain signal.

[0223] In the above scheme, since at least one frequency domain signal (PSS, SSS, etc.) in the SSB received by the second communication device is generated based on a Gray complementary sequence pair, the PAPR of at least one frequency domain signal in the SSB can be improved. For example, the PAPR of at least one frequency domain signal in the SSB can be made lower than the PAPR of the PBCH signal in the SSB, thereby ensuring improved system performance. Furthermore, when the bandwidth occupied by the PSS and / or SSS is the same as the bandwidth occupied by the PBCH signal, the PSS and / or SSS can also be used as the primary pilot for PBCH channel estimation. Since the Gray complementary sequence has the properties of both low PAPR and frequency domain flatness, it also helps to improve the channel estimation quality of the PBCH signal while also saving the pilot overhead of the PBCH signal.

[0224] The method provided by the embodiment of the present application is described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and the device provided by the embodiment of the present application is described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0225] Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application provides a communication device 300, which can be, for example, a satellite, a base station, a terminal, or an access point, or a chip inside a satellite, a base station, a terminal, or an access point. The device 300 includes modules, units, or means corresponding to the method steps in the above method embodiments. The functions, units, or means can be implemented by software or hardware, or the corresponding software implementation can be executed by hardware.

[0226] Exemplarily, referring to FIG. 10 , the apparatus 300 may include a processing module 301 and a transceiver module 302 .

[0227] When the apparatus 300 is located in the first communication device:

[0228] The processing module 301 transforms and precodes the PBCH time domain signal to obtain a PBCH frequency domain signal; generates at least one frequency domain signal; wherein each frequency domain signal in the at least one frequency domain signal is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence; generates a synchronization signal block (SSB) based on the at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal; wherein the at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal occupy different symbols;

[0229] The transceiver module 302 is used to output SSB.

[0230] When the apparatus 300 is located in the second communication device:

[0231] The transceiver module 302 receives an SSB; the SSB includes at least one frequency domain signal and a PBCH frequency domain signal, and each frequency domain signal in the at least one frequency domain signal is generated based on a Golay complementary sequence;

[0232] The processing module 301 performs downlink synchronization based on the SSB.

[0233] It should be understood that all relevant contents of each step involved in the above method embodiment can be referred to the functional description of the corresponding functional module and will not be repeated here.

[0234] Referring to FIG. 11 , an embodiment of the present application further provides a communication device 400, including:

[0235] At least one processor 401; and a communication interface 403 communicatively connected to the at least one processor 401; the at least one processor 401 executes instructions stored in the memory 402, so that the device performs the method steps in the above method embodiment through the communication interface 403.

[0236] Optionally, the memory 402 is located outside the device 400 .

[0237] Optionally, the apparatus 400 includes the memory 402, which is connected to the at least one processor 401 and stores instructions executable by the at least one processor 401. FIG11 uses dashed lines to indicate that the memory 402 is optional for the apparatus 400.

[0238] The processor 401 and the memory 402 may be coupled via an interface circuit or may be integrated together, which is not limited here.

[0239] The specific connection medium between the processor 401, memory 402, and communication interface 403 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In Figure 11, the processor 401, memory 402, and communication interface 403 are connected via bus 404. The bus is represented by a bold line in Figure 11. The connection between other components is only for schematic illustration and is not intended to be limiting. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, Figure 11 only uses a single bold line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0240] The specific connection medium between the processor 401, memory 402, and communication interface 403 is not limited in the embodiments of the present application. In Figure 11, the processor 401, memory 402, and communication interface 403 are connected via bus 404. The bus is represented by a bold line in Figure 11. The connection between other components is only for schematic illustration and is not intended to be limiting. The bus can be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, Figure 11 only uses a single bold line, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or only one type of bus.

[0241] It should be understood that the processors mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can be implemented by hardware or software. When implemented by hardware, the processor can be a logic circuit, an integrated circuit, etc. When implemented by software, the processor can be a general-purpose processor that is implemented by reading software code stored in a memory.

[0242] Exemplarily, the processor may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0243] It should be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM), which is used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct RAM bus random access memory (DR RAM).

[0244] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0245] It should be noted that the memory described herein is intended to include, but not be limited to, these and any other suitable types of memory.

[0246] Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, including a program or instructions. When the program or instructions are run on a computer, the method in the above method embodiment is executed.

[0247] Based on the same technical concept, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer program product, including instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the method in the above method embodiment to be executed.

[0248] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application can adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application can adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0249] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the present application. It should be understood that each flow and / or box in the flow chart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the flow chart and / or box in the flow chart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device produce a device for implementing the functions specified in one or more flow charts and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

[0250] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to operate in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce a product including an instruction device that implements the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

[0251] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operating steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, so that the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device provide steps for implementing the functions specified in one or more processes in the flowchart and / or one or more boxes in the block diagram.

Claims

1. A signal transmission method, characterized in that: include: Transform and precode the physical broadcast channel PBCH time domain signal to obtain the PBCH frequency domain signal; Generate at least one frequency domain signal; wherein each frequency domain signal in the at least one frequency domain signal is generated based on a Gray complementary sequence; Generate a synchronization signal block SSB according to the at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal; wherein the at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal occupy different symbols; Output the SSB.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The at least one frequency domain signal includes a primary synchronization signal PSS and / or a secondary synchronization signal SSS.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that The generating at least one frequency domain signal comprises: determining a first Golay complementary sequence according to the cell identification information; generating a first frequency domain signal according to the first Golay complementary sequence, wherein the at least one frequency domain signal includes the first frequency domain signal; The cell identification information is related to the type of the first frequency domain signal, and the type of the first frequency domain signal is PSS or SSS.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The determining the first Golay complementary sequence according to the cell identification information includes: Determine a first parameter according to the cell identification information; The first Golay complementary sequence is determined based on the first parameter, the first Golay complementary sequence being a function of the first parameter.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The cell identification information is a second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency domain signal is PSS; The first parameter and the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) satisfy the following relationship: c_init = c1*Cell_ID(2); The c_init represents the first parameter, the c1 is related to the number of candidate values ​​of the cell identifier Cell_ID and the number of candidate values ​​of the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), and the cell identifier includes the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) and the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1).

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The cell identification information is a first cell identification Cell_ID(1), and the type of the first frequency domain signal is SSS; The first parameter and the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) satisfy the following relationship: c_init = Cell_ID(1)modc2; Among them, the c_init represents the first parameter, and the c2 is the number of candidate values ​​of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1).

7. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that The cell identification information includes a first cell identification Cell_ID(1) and a second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the type of the first frequency domain signal is SSS; The first parameter, the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), and the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) satisfy the following relationship: Among them, c_init represents the first parameter, c2 is the number of candidate values ​​of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), c3 is the sequence interval step 1 of the SSS, and c4 is the sequence interval step 2 of the SSS.

8. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The generating at least one frequency domain signal comprises: cyclically shifting the second Golay complementary sequence according to the cell identification information; A second frequency domain signal is generated based on the cyclically shifted second Golay complementary sequence, and the at least one frequency domain signal includes the second frequency domain signal.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that The cell identification information is a second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the second frequency domain signal is a PSS; or, The cell identification information is a first cell identification Cell_ID(1), and the second frequency domain signal is SSS; or, The cell identification information includes a first cell identification Cell_ID(1) and a second cell identification Cell_ID(2), and the second frequency domain signal is SSS.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal are mapped to the same frequency domain resource.

11. The method according to claim 10, characterized in that The generating at least one frequency domain signal comprises: The third frequency domain signal is obtained by extending the third Gray complementary sequence; wherein the at least one frequency domain signal includes the third frequency domain signal, and the length to which the third Gray complementary sequence is extended is related to the length of the PBCH frequency domain signal.

12. A signal transmission method, characterized in that: include: Receive a synchronization signal block SSB; the SSB includes at least one frequency domain signal and a physical broadcast channel PBCH frequency domain signal, and each frequency domain signal in the at least one frequency domain signal is generated based on a Gray complementary sequence; Downlink synchronization is performed based on the SSB.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The at least one frequency domain signal includes a primary synchronization signal PSS and / or a secondary synchronization signal SSS.

14. The method according to claim 13, characterized in that The performing downlink synchronization based on the SSB includes: Determine P Golay complementary sequences according to P candidate values ​​of the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2), where P is a positive integer; Performing a peak search on the PSS in the SSB based on the P Golay complementary sequences; Determine the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS according to the searched maximum peak, synchronize the PSS according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS; and determine the second cell identifier Cell_ID(2) according to the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the searched maximum peak.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterized in that The performing downlink synchronization based on the SSB further includes: Performing a first synchronization process on the SSS in the SSB according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the PSS; Determine Q Gray complementary sequences according to Q candidate values ​​of the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1), where Q is a positive integer; perform peak search on the SSS after the first synchronization process based on the Q Gray complementary sequences; Determine the timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS according to the searched maximum peak, perform a second synchronization process on the SSS according to the timing information and frequency offset information of the SSS; and determine the first cell identifier Cell_ID(1) according to the Gray complementary sequence corresponding to the searched maximum peak.

16. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 15, characterized in that: The at least one frequency domain signal and the PBCH frequency domain signal are mapped to the same frequency domain resource.

17. The method according to claim 16, characterized in that Also includes: Channel estimation is performed on the PBCH frequency domain signal based on the at least one frequency domain signal.

18. A communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises a processor and an interface circuit, wherein the interface circuit is electrically coupled to the processor, and the processor causes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 to be executed through a logic circuit or by executing code instructions, or causes the method according to any one of claims 12 to 17 to be executed.

19. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program or instruction. When the computer program or instruction is executed, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11 is executed, or the method according to any one of claims 12 to 17 is executed.

20. A communication system, characterized in that: include: A first communication device, configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11; as well as, The second communication device is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 12 to 17.

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