Method for processing signal, first device, and second device

Abstract

The present application relates to a method for processing a signal, a first device, a second device, a chip, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, a computer program, and a communication system. The method comprises: a first device receives a first signal, the first signal comprising a first parameter of a second device that has sent the first signal; and on the basis of the first parameter in the first signal, the first device determines a first parameter of an initially accessed target device, the first parameter of the target device being used by the first device to determine whether to respond to a received message for triggering initial access. According to embodiments of the present application, messages triggering initial access are distinguished by determining a first parameter of a target device, so that the problem of interference between different second devices during initial access can be solved.

Description

Signal processing method, first device and second device Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communications, and more specifically, to a signal processing method, a first device, a second device, a chip, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, a computer program, and a communication system. Background Art

[0002] Interference between devices is ubiquitous in wireless communication systems. To address interference during initial access, random access resources used to access different cells are staggered in at least one of the time, frequency, or code domains. However, with the rise of the IoT (Internet of Things), new challenges have emerged in current wireless communications. Support for lower-capability devices to access nodes in the network is needed, and existing inter-cell interference mitigation methods may not be applicable. Therefore, it is necessary to consider how to avoid conflicts between different devices in the network.

[0003] Summary of the Invention

[0004] Embodiments of the present application provide a signal processing method, a first device, a second device, a chip, a computer-readable storage medium, a computer program product, a computer program, and a communication system, which can be used to resolve conflicts between different devices during an initial access process.

[0005] The present invention provides a signal processing method, including:

[0006] The first device receives a first signal; wherein the first signal includes a first parameter of the second device that sends the first signal;

[0007] The first device determines a first parameter of a target device for initial access based on the first parameter in the first signal; the first parameter of the target device is used by the first device to determine whether to respond to the message triggering initial access received by the first device.

[0008] The present invention provides a signal processing method, including:

[0009] The second device sends a first signal; wherein the first signal includes a first parameter of the second device; the first signal is used by the first device to determine the first parameter of the target device for initial access to determine whether to respond to the message triggering initial access received by the first device.

[0010] An embodiment of the present application provides a first device, including:

[0011] A first communication module is configured to receive a first signal, wherein the first signal includes a first parameter of a second device that sends the first signal;

[0012] The first processing module is configured to determine a first parameter of a target device for initial access based on a first parameter in the first signal; the first parameter of the target device is used to determine whether to respond to a received message triggering initial access.

[0013] An embodiment of the present application provides a second device, including:

[0014] The second communication module is used to send a first signal; wherein the first signal includes a first parameter of the second device; the first signal is used by the first device to determine the first parameter of the target device for initial access to determine whether to respond to the message triggering initial access received by the first device.

[0015] An embodiment of the present application provides a first device, comprising: a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory is configured to store a computer program, the transceiver is configured to communicate with other devices, and the processor is configured to call and execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the first device performs the above-mentioned signal processing method.

[0016] An embodiment of the present application provides a second device, comprising: a transceiver, a processor, and a memory. The memory is configured to store a computer program, the transceiver is configured to communicate with other devices, and the processor is configured to call and execute the computer program stored in the memory, so that the second device performs the above-mentioned signal processing method.

[0017] An embodiment of the present application provides a chip for implementing the above-mentioned signal processing method.

[0018] Specifically, the chip includes: a processor for calling and running a computer program from a memory, so that a device equipped with the chip executes the above-mentioned signal processing method.

[0019] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a device, the device executes the above-mentioned signal processing method.

[0020] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product, including computer program instructions, which enable a computer to execute the above-mentioned signal processing method.

[0021] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the above-mentioned signal processing method.

[0022] An embodiment of the present application provides a communication system, including a first device and a second device used for the above-mentioned access method.

[0023] In an embodiment of the present application, a second device transmits a first signal containing a first parameter for identifying the second device. The first device receives the first signal and, based on the first parameter contained in the first signal, determines the first parameter of the target device for initial access. Thus, upon receiving a message triggering initial access, the first device can determine whether to respond based on the first parameter. That is, by determining the first parameter of the target device, messages triggering initial access can be distinguished, thereby resolving interference issues between different second devices during the initial access process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a communication system in an embodiment of the present application.

[0025] FIG2A is a schematic diagram of the four-step CBRA process.

[0026] FIG2B is a schematic diagram of the two-step CBRA process.

[0027] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the A-IoT communication system.

[0028] FIG4A is a schematic diagram of a first topology network structure in an A-IoT communication system.

[0029] FIG4B is a schematic diagram of a second topology network structure in an A-IoT communication system.

[0030] FIG4C is a schematic diagram of a third topology network structure in an A-IoT communication system.

[0031] FIG4D is a schematic diagram of a fourth topology network structure in an A-IoT communication system.

[0032] FIG5A is a block diagram of a typical wideband receiver.

[0033] FIG5B is a block diagram of a typical intermediate frequency receiver.

[0034] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present application.

[0035] FIG7 is a schematic flowchart of an access method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0036] FIG8 is a schematic flowchart of an access method according to another embodiment of the present application.

[0037] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of a distribution method of the first parameter in an application example.

[0038] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of application example 1 of the access method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0039] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of application example 2 of the access method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0040] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of application example 3 of the access method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0041] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of application example 4 of the access method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0042] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of application example 5 of the access method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0043] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of application example 6 of the access method according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0044] FIG16 is a schematic block diagram of a first device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0045] FIG17 is a schematic block diagram of a second device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0046] FIG18 is a schematic block diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0047] FIG19 is a schematic block diagram of a chip according to an embodiment of the present application.

[0048] Figure 20 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application.

[0050] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as: Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, Advanced Long Term Evolution (LTE-A) system, New Radio (NR) system, NR system evolution system, LTE on unlicensed spectrum (LTE-U) system, NR on unlicensed spectrum (NR-based access to unlicensed spectrum, NR-U) system, Non-Terrestrial Networks (NTN) system, Universal Mobile Telecommunication System (UMTS), Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN), Wireless Fidelity (WiFi), Fifth Generation (5G) system or other communication systems.

[0051] Generally speaking, traditional communication systems support a limited number of connections and are easy to implement. However, with the development of communication technology, mobile communication systems will not only support traditional communications, but will also support, for example, device-to-device (D2D) communication, machine-to-machine (M2M) communication, machine-type communication (MTC), vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) communication, or vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication, etc. The embodiments of the present application can also be applied to these communication systems.

[0052] In one embodiment, the communication system in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to a carrier aggregation (CA) scenario, a dual connectivity (DC) scenario, and a standalone (SA) networking scenario.

[0053] In one embodiment, the communication system in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to an unlicensed spectrum, wherein the unlicensed spectrum can also be considered as a shared spectrum; or, the communication system in the embodiment of the present application can also be applied to an authorized spectrum, wherein the authorized spectrum can also be considered as an unshared spectrum.

[0054] The embodiments of the present application describe various embodiments in conjunction with network devices and terminal devices, wherein the terminal device may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, user unit, user station, mobile station, mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent or user device, etc.

[0055] The terminal device can be a station (STAION, ST) in a WLAN, a cellular phone, a cordless phone, a Session Initiation Protocol (SIP) phone, a Wireless Local Loop (WLL) station, a Personal Digital Assistant (PDA) device, a handheld device with wireless communication capabilities, a computing device or other processing device connected to a wireless modem, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a terminal device in a next-generation communication system such as an NR network, or a terminal device in a future evolved Public Land Mobile Network (PLMN) network, etc.

[0056] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device can be deployed on land, including indoors or outdoors, handheld, wearable or vehicle-mounted; it can also be deployed on the water surface (such as ships, etc.); it can also be deployed in the air (such as airplanes, balloons and satellites, etc.).

[0057] In an embodiment of the present application, the terminal device may be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a wireless terminal device in industrial control, a wireless terminal device in self-driving, a wireless terminal device in remote medical, a wireless terminal device in a smart grid, a wireless terminal device in transportation safety, a wireless terminal device in a smart city, or a wireless terminal device in a smart home, etc.

[0058] As an example and not a limitation, in the embodiment of the present application, the terminal device may also be a wearable device. Wearable devices may also be called wearable smart devices, which are a general term for wearable devices that are intelligently designed and developed using wearable technology for daily wear, such as glasses, gloves, watches, clothing, and shoes. A wearable device is a portable device that is worn directly on the body or integrated into the user's clothes or accessories. Wearable devices are not only hardware devices, but also achieve powerful functions through software support, data interaction, and cloud interaction. Broadly speaking, wearable smart devices include those that are fully functional, large in size, and can achieve complete or partial functions without relying on smartphones, such as smart watches or smart glasses, as well as those that only focus on a certain type of application function and need to be used in conjunction with other devices such as smartphones, such as various smart bracelets and smart jewelry for vital sign monitoring.

[0059] In an embodiment of the present application, the network device may be a device for communicating with a mobile device. The network device may be an access point (AP) in a WLAN, an evolved base station (eNB or eNodeB) in LTE, or a relay station or access point, or a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, and a network device (gNB) in an NR network, or a network device in a future evolved PLMN network or a network device in an NTN network, etc.

[0060] As an example and not a limitation, in an embodiment of the present application, the network device may have a mobile feature, for example, the network device may be a mobile device. Alternatively, the network device may be a satellite or a balloon station. For example, the satellite may be a low earth orbit (LEO) satellite, a medium earth orbit (MEO) satellite, a geostationary earth orbit (GEO) satellite, a high elliptical orbit (HEO) satellite, etc. Optionally, the network device may also be a base station set up in a location such as land or water.

[0061] In an embodiment of the present application, the network device can provide services for a cell, and the terminal device communicates with the network device through the transmission resources used by the cell (for example, frequency domain resources, or spectrum resources). The cell can be a cell corresponding to the network device (for example, a base station). The cell can belong to a macro base station or a base station corresponding to a small cell. The small cells here may include: metro cells, micro cells, pico cells, femto cells, etc. These small cells have the characteristics of small coverage and low transmission power, and are suitable for providing high-speed data transmission services.

[0062] FIG1 exemplarily illustrates a communication system 100. The communication system includes a network device 110 and two terminal devices 120. In one embodiment, the communication system 100 may include multiple network devices 110, and each network device 110 may include a different number of terminal devices 120 within its coverage area, which is not limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0063] It should be understood that in the embodiments of the present application, a device having a communication function in a network / system may be referred to as a communication device. Taking the communication system shown in Figure 1 as an example, the communication device may include a network device and a terminal device having a communication function. The network device and the terminal device may be specific devices in the embodiments of the present application and will not be described in detail here. The communication device may also include other devices in the communication system, such as a network controller, a mobility management entity, and other network entities, which are not limited in the embodiments of the present application.

[0064] It should be understood that the terms "system" and "network" are often used interchangeably herein. The term "and / or" is simply a description of an association between related objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, or B exists alone. Furthermore, the character " / " generally indicates that the related objects are in an "or" relationship.

[0065] It should be understood that the "indication" mentioned in the embodiments of this application can be a direct indication, an indirect indication, or an indication of an association. For example, "A indicates B" can mean that A directly indicates B, for example, B can be obtained through A; it can also mean that A indirectly indicates B, for example, A indicates C, and B can be obtained through C; it can also mean that there is an association between A and B.

[0066] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the term "corresponding" may indicate a direct or indirect correspondence between the two, or an association relationship between the two, or a relationship between indication and being indicated, configuration and being configured, etc.

[0067] To facilitate understanding of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the relevant technologies of the embodiments of the present application are described below. The following relevant technologies can be arbitrarily combined with the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application as optional solutions, and they all fall within the protection scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0068] (1) Random Access

[0069] In the 3GPP (3rd Generation Partnership Project) communication system, there are generally two ways of initial access at the MAC (Medium Access Control) layer, namely two-step random access (2-step RACH) and four-step random access (4-step RACH). Regardless of the RACH (Random Access Channel) process, the resolution of random access conflicts is performed within a cell. This is because in the 3GPP cellular communication system (including 4G and 5G), before initiating the random access process, the terminal must first obtain frequency and time synchronization with the current serving cell, and then initiate the random access process on the random access radio resources broadcast by the serving cell. Generally speaking, different serving cells either have different frequencies (for example, there are low-frequency cells responsible for coverage and high-frequency cells with overlapping coverage with low-frequency cells), or the system time is not synchronized, or both are different. Even for frequency- and time-synchronized serving cells (e.g., different sectors of the same base station), to avoid interference, the PRACH (Physical Random Access Channel) resources used for random access are staggered in the time, frequency, and / or code domains (ZC (Zadoff-Chu) codes used to generate the preamble). This allows the base station to easily identify and discard preambles from terminals in neighboring cells when a terminal initiates random access in a covered cell, even if the preamble is received by a neighboring cell.

[0070] The four-step random access process was introduced in the LTE system and is also used in the NR system. As mentioned above, before initiating the RACH process, the terminal first needs to obtain the PRACH resource configuration from the network's system message or dedicated signaling. Figure 2A is a schematic diagram of the four-step CBRA (Contention Based Random Access, contention-based random access) process. As shown in Figure 2A, the four-step CBRA includes four steps:

[0071] Step 1: The terminal sends a random access preamble to the base station. This preamble is called message 1 in the MAC layer protocol. After sending the preamble, it waits for message 2 from the base station in a subsequent response window. The start and end times of the response window are set according to configuration parameters. From the base station's perspective, the base station is able to distinguish between preambulations received in different time-frequency domains, or different preambulations in the same time-frequency domain. However, the base station cannot distinguish between the same preamble sent by multiple terminals in the same time-frequency domain. In this case, an access conflict occurs.

[0072] Step 2: The base station feeds back message 2 to the terminal. Message 2 can be a group message, meaning it can include RAR (Random Access Response) messages addressed to multiple terminals. The addressing information for Message 2 is contained in a group identifier called RA-RNTI (Random Access-Radio Network Temporary Indentifier), which is used to identify the time domain, frequency domain, and carrier type information of the received preamble. In other words, preambles received from the same carrier at the same time and frequency point can be combined into the same message 2. The RAR IE (Information Elements) sent to each terminal includes the temporary identifier T_C_RNTI configured for the terminal, the timing advance (for uplink synchronization), the UL-grant used to send message 3, and the index (or sequence number) of the received preamble. Message 2 can also include a backoff parameter to mitigate uplink preamble conflicts. If the terminal decides to send the preamble again, it will generate a random time based on the backoff parameter so that the next preamble sending time is at least later than the generated random time.

[0073] Step 3: After comparing the RA-RNTI and the preamble index in the RAR, the terminal can determine whether the base station has received the preamble it sent. After confirming that the correct RAR has been received, the terminal sends message 3 (message3) based on the UL-grant, which at least includes the terminal identifier (UE ID). Message3 is addressed using T_C_RNTI on the physical layer. The terminal then starts a timer. While the timer is running, the downlink control channel PDCCH (Physical Downlink Control Channel) is detected. If two or more terminals collide in step 1, they will continue to collide in step 3 because they will send message3 based on the same information, but the terminal identifiers contained in the MAC CE (MAC Control Element) of message3 are different.

[0074] Step 4: If the base station correctly decodes message 3, it sends message 4 (message 4) to the terminal. This message 4 is addressed using the T_C_RNTI of message 3, and its MAC CE includes the terminal's identifier contained in message 3 and a newly assigned C-RNTI. If multiple terminals send message 3 on the same UL grant, the base station may correctly decode one or fail to decode it (for example, due to comparable interference levels). Upon receiving message 4, if the terminal finds that the T_C_RNTI convolved on the PDCCH matches the T_C_RNTI of its own message 3, it further checks whether the MAC CE in message 4 sent by the base station matches its terminal ID. If the terminal ID also matches, the terminal confirms the completion of the random access procedure and uses the newly assigned C-RNTI as its own identity. This identity is used for addressing information in subsequent PHY, MAC, and RRC layer protocols.

[0075] Logically, the two-step random access process combines steps 1 and 3 of the four-step random access process to transmit message A, and combines steps 2 and 4 of the four-step random access process to transmit message B. Figure 2B is a schematic diagram of the two-step CBRA process. As shown in Figure 2B, the two-step CBRA process includes two steps:

[0076] Step A: The terminal transmits message A to the base station, which includes a random access preamble and a data channel PUSCH (Physical Uplink Shared Channel). The PUSCH includes the UE ID of the terminal.

[0077] Step B: The base station sends a response message B. There are two ways to address the terminal in message B:

[0078] B1: If the UE ID in message A is a C-RNTI, then the C-RNTI is also convolved on the downlink control channel (PDCCH) of message B. In this case, if the terminal can confirm that the C-RNTI in message B matches its own C-RNTI, it is considered that the random access procedure has been completed correctly, that is, the conflict has been resolved. This B1 situation is applicable to terminals in the RRC_CONNECTED state, that is, the terminal has completed initial access and established an RRC connection with the network.

[0079] B2: If the UE ID in message A is something other than the C-RNTI, the RA-RNTI is convolved on the PDCCH of message B. B2 applies to all cases except B1. If the UE ID contained in the SuccessRAR message in message B matches the terminal's own UE ID, the terminal considers its random access procedure successful and the conflict resolved. Otherwise, the terminal either resends message A or falls back to the 4-step RACH and sends message GAE1.

[0080] (2) A-IoT (Ambient IoT)

[0081] The rise of the Internet of Things (IoT) has posed new challenges to communication systems. IoT terminals are used in applications such as logistics, warehousing, factory automation, and animal husbandry. These IoT terminals only need to intermittently communicate with the network or perform rough location tracking. Currently, even the simplest IoT terminals on the market, such as NB-IoT (Narrow Band IoT) terminals used for coal and electricity metering, require batteries for power. Although their energy consumption is low, the batteries in these terminals deplete after only a few years. This, at the very least, requires extensive manual labor to replace the batteries. Some industrial scenarios are too dangerous for manual operation. This is why battery-free IoT terminals have emerged.

[0082] Battery-free IoT terminals are plentiful, low-cost, and generally require no maintenance after installation. RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) terminals meet this need to some extent. However, the operation of RFID systems requires the use of handheld readers. Furthermore, the limited wireless coverage range of a single RFID reader (within 10 meters) means that inventory checks in, for example, a large supermarket still require considerable manpower, resources, and time.

[0083] Transplanting communication systems like RFID into 3GPP cellular networks effectively solves coverage issues. This is because already deployed cellular networks, such as 4G and 5G, generally achieve nationwide coverage, or at least coverage of major cities. The benefit of full coverage is that the communication and positioning process between IoT terminals and the network does not require human intervention, so it can operate 24 / 7 with high efficiency, even in environments unsuitable for human intervention (such as wilderness, mines, and factories). In this way, aside from the initial need to associate the IoT terminal with a specific object, subsequent data reading, writing, and operation and maintenance can be performed simply through an app on a smartphone, which is very convenient and efficient.

[0084] Such a communication system is called an A-IoT communication system or a zero-power communication system. A-IoT communication uses energy harvesting and backscatter communication technology. The A-IoT communication network consists of network equipment and A-IoT terminals (also known as A-IoT devices, zero-power terminals, electronic tags, tags). Figure 3 shows a schematic diagram of the basic structure of the A-IoT communication system. The network equipment is used to send wireless power supply signals, downlink communication signals, and backscatter signals to the tag. A basic tag includes an energy harvesting module, a backscatter communication module, and a low-power computing module. In addition, the tag can also have a memory or sensor for storing some basic information (such as item identification, etc.) or obtaining sensor data such as ambient temperature and ambient humidity.

[0085] Currently, the A-IoT system primarily supports use cases such as inventory, sensors, tracking, and commands. Inventory refers to checking for missing items and replenishing missing items as they enter and leave the warehouse. Common sensors include temperature, pressure, and humidity, and are used in industrial, agricultural, and smart city applications. Sensor information is uploaded to a third-party app through the A-IoT system for monitoring and management. Tracking generally refers to obtaining the approximate location of an object at irregular intervals. For example, users can use their smartphones to track the location of their parcels in near real time. Commands, on the other hand, involve operating a servo mechanism connected to an A-IoT terminal through the A-IoT communication system. For example, during a break at the office, users can water their backyard plants using a mobile app. The watering servo mechanism is connected to an A-IoT terminal.

[0086] For the above use cases, four topological network structures are proposed in the relevant technology. Figures 4A to 4D show schematic diagrams of four topological network structures. As shown in Figure 4A, the A-IoT terminal can be connected to the network device for two-way communication. As shown in Figure 4B, the A-IoT terminal can be connected to the intermediate node for two-way communication, and the intermediate node is connected to the network device for two-way communication; optionally, the intermediate node can be a UE, which is connected to the network device for communication through the Uu interface. As shown in Figure 4C, the A-IoT terminal can receive the power supply signal / downlink communication signal sent by the auxiliary node, and send an uplink signal to the network device; optionally, the auxiliary node can be a UE, which is connected to the network device for communication through the Uu interface. As shown in Figure 4D, the A-IoT terminal can be connected to the UE for two-way communication.

[0087] A-IoT terminals (tags) derive their energy from the surrounding environment, such as radio frequency (RF) waves, solar energy, thermal energy, mechanical vibration, and wind energy. In the A-IoT system currently being researched by 3GPP, terminals are primarily categorized into three types: Type A, Type B, and Type C. Type A and Type B terminals can only communicate by reflecting and modulating received radio waves, a communication method known as backscattering. This means they cannot actively transmit radio signals, and their power range is between 1 and 10 microwatts (μW). Type A terminals have the lowest transmit power and the least hardware complexity, roughly comparable to RFID terminals. Type B has slightly more complex hardware, such as signal amplification devices and certain energy storage devices, allowing for longer communication distances with the network than Type A terminals. Type C terminals have the ability to actively transmit radio waves, with a transmit power of approximately 1 to 10 milliwatts (mW), and can also store a certain amount of energy. All three types of terminals can harvest energy from the environment and can operate continuously for several years or even over 10 years. To conserve energy, Type A and Type B terminals typically remain dormant until the network triggers a communication process. It will only wake up and work when stimulated by the network's wireless signal.

[0088] A-IoT receivers can be divided into two categories:

[0089] Receiver Type 1: Wideband Receiver. This type of receiver, also known as an RF receiver, uses an RF bandpass filter to obtain signals within the bandwidth to be received, then performs envelope detection and subsequent baseband processing. This architecture is the simplest, with power consumption as low as a few uW or even lower. However, due to the poor accuracy of the RF bandpass filter, even when the target signal occupies a narrow bandwidth, this receiver often receives signals within a wider bandwidth. Consequently, the reception process introduces a significant amount of noise and interference, resulting in poor receiver performance, and therefore, poor sensitivity. Figure 5A is a block diagram of a typical wideband receiver.

[0090] Receiver Type 2: Narrowband Receiver. Typical examples include IF receivers or zero-IF receivers. During signal reception, in addition to using an RF bandpass filter to obtain a signal within the intended bandwidth, the RF signal is down-converted and the baseband signal is further filtered using a low-pass filter to eliminate noise and interference. Therefore, the receiver has a narrow reception bandwidth and high reception performance, i.e., high sensitivity. However, this receiver requires an LO (local oscillator). Even the recommended LO consumes 100uW or more, so the receiver's power consumption is relatively high. However, due to its very low absolute power consumption, it is still suitable for use in zero-power devices. Figure 5B is a block diagram of a typical IF receiver.

[0091] The above-mentioned type A terminals usually use broadband receivers, type C terminals usually use narrowband receivers, and type B terminals may use one or both types of receivers.

[0092] For A-IoT systems and terminals, the random access process of LTE / NR systems is too complicated and needs further simplification and optimization.

[0093] Furthermore, when the RFID system's readers are operating, because reader coverage is prioritized and manual operation is generally employed, it can be assumed that a tag will only communicate with one reader. However, the A-IoT system is a 3GPP wide-coverage system. In other words, the distribution of different readers is essentially equivalent to the layout of existing base stations. Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of an application scenario of an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 6, a tag is likely to be between the coverage areas of different readers.

[0094] Typical A-IoT system application scenarios often require a large number of tags to access the system within a short period of time. To maximize frequency reuse, different readers often utilize the same frequency resources, employing similar or identical channelization schemes. Furthermore, the number of channels per carrier is limited. When a tag responds to a reader's trigger message and initiates the initial access process, its message can easily be received by multiple nearby readers. Similarly, signals from different readers can easily be received by the same tag. This problem generally does not exist in LTE / NR systems. This is because, in broadband systems, even if adjacent base stations utilize the same carrier, the PRACH resources used for initial access can easily stagger in the time-frequency domain. Even if there is overlap in the time-frequency domain, adjustments can be made to the preamble generation code to ensure orthogonality between the ZC codes generated by different cells for the preamble, for example by using different ZC root codes. Furthermore, even if collisions occur in broadband systems like LTE / NR, these systems have comprehensive inter-cell interference mitigation mechanisms to address the issue. However, narrowband systems like A-IoT are very sensitive to inter-cell interference due to their simple signal modulation and message interaction, and lack effective means to mitigate or eliminate it.

[0095] FIG7 is a schematic flow chart of a signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present application. The method can optionally be applied to the system shown in FIG1 , but is not limited thereto. The method includes at least part of the following contents.

[0096] S710: A first device receives a first signal; wherein the first signal includes a first parameter of a second device that sends the first signal;

[0097] S720: The first device determines a first parameter of a target device for initial access based on a first parameter in the first signal; the first parameter of the target device is used by the first device to determine whether to respond to a received message triggering initial access.

[0098] In the embodiment of the present application, the first device may be a terminal device. Alternatively, the first device may be a terminal in IoT, such as an A-IoT device, a zero-power terminal, or an electronic tag.

[0099] In an embodiment of the present application, the second device may be a node in the system / network. Optionally, the second device may be a node for communicating with the first device. The node may be a terminal device, a network device, or a node (power supply node) that separately provides backscattered radio waves. For example, the second device may be a network device (e.g., a base station) shown in FIG. 4A , an intermediate node shown in FIG. 4B , an auxiliary node shown in FIG. 4C , or a UE shown in FIG. 4D . It will be understood that the embodiment of the present application does not limit the topological structure in the network. Therefore, the second device is not limited to the various forms described above, and the second device may include any form of node capable of performing point-to-point communication with the first device.

[0100] The above-mentioned access method can be applied to scenarios where the first device may be within the coverage of multiple second devices, such as the scenario shown in Figure 6, and can solve the conflict problem between multiple second devices. Specifically, in a scenario where the first device may be within the coverage of multiple second devices, the first device may receive messages sent by one or more second devices. Since the distances between each second device and the first device may be different, the first device may not be able to correctly receive the message of each second device, or the signal quality of each message received by the first device may be different. According to the above-mentioned method, before initial access, the first device determines the first parameter of the target device based on the first parameter in the received first signal, and when receiving the message triggering the initial access, it can determine whether to respond based on the first parameter. In this way, the first device can only respond to the message triggering the initial access sent by the target device, thereby avoiding interference / conflict between the target device and other second devices.

[0101] As can be seen, the embodiments of the present application introduce a first parameter for distinguishing different second devices, that is, identifying a specific second device within at least one second device. In some scenarios, the first parameter may be referred to as an RCC (Reader Color Code) parameter. Based on the first parameter, it is possible to distinguish and process messages triggering initial access from different second devices, resolving conflicts between different second devices with minimal system bandwidth and signaling overhead.

[0102] In some embodiments, the above step S720, in which the first device determines the first parameter of the initially connected target device based on the first parameter in the first signal, includes:

[0103] The first device determines, among the multiple first signals received, a first signal with the greatest signal strength;

[0104] The first device determines the first parameter in the first signal with the largest signal strength as the first parameter of the target device.

[0105] Specifically, when the first device receives multiple first signals, the first device can measure the first signals to determine the strength of each first signal, select the second device corresponding to the first signal with the largest signal strength as the target device, and record its first parameter.

[0106] Optionally, when the first device receives only one first signal, the first device may directly determine the first parameter in the first signal as the first parameter of the target device.

[0107] The present application also provides a signal processing method from the perspective of the second device. Specifically, FIG8 is a schematic flow chart of a signal processing method according to another embodiment of the present application. The method includes:

[0108] S810. The second device sends a first signal; wherein the first signal includes a first parameter of the second device; the first signal is used by the first device to determine the first parameter of the target device for initial access, so as to determine whether to respond to the message triggering initial access received by the first device.

[0109] According to the above method, the first signal sent by the second device includes the first parameter of the second device, so that the first device can use the first signal to determine the first parameter of the target device for initial access, and distinguish between the messages triggering initial access from different second devices according to the first parameter of the target device. Therefore, by sending the first signal, the second device can help the first device resolve conflicts between different second devices during the initial access process.

[0110] In some embodiments, the first parameter is unique globally or locally within the communication system.

[0111] In one embodiment, the first parameter is unique globally within the communication system, i.e., the first parameter of the target device is different from the first parameter of any other second device globally within the communication system. In this way, the target device can be globally distinguished from other second devices, ensuring conflict resolution.

[0112] In another implementation, the first parameter is unique within a local range of the communication system, that is, the first parameter of the target device is different from the first parameter of any other second device in the communication system.

[0113] Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the distribution method of the first parameter in an application example, in which a hexagon represents the range that can be covered by a second device, and the 3-bit information in the hexagon is the first parameter of the second device represented by the hexagon. It can be seen that among the 7 second devices centered on any second device, the first parameters of each second device are different from each other, that is, each second device is unique within the local range of the 7 hexagons. Since the interference in the communication system is related to the distance between the devices, when the distance between different second devices increases, the possibility of conflict decreases. Therefore, the first parameter of the second device is unique within the local range of the communication system, and can distinguish the target device from other second devices within the local range. At the same time, devices that are farther away will not conflict with the target device, so conflict resolution can also be achieved.

[0114] In some embodiments, the number of bits of the first parameter is related to the number of second devices in a global scope or a local scope of the communication system.

[0115] Specifically, if the first parameter is unique globally, the number of bits of the first parameter is related to the number of second devices in the global scope. If the first parameter is unique locally, the number of bits of the first parameter is related to the number of second devices in the local scope.

[0116] In some embodiments, when the number of second devices increases, the number of bits of the first parameter increases or remains unchanged.

[0117] In actual applications, the number of second devices in a local range varies according to different application scenarios, so the number of bits of the first parameter or the bit length in different application scenarios can be set differently. Taking Figure 9 as an example, when the local range includes 7 second devices, a first parameter of 3 bits can be used. In actual engineering, some scenarios may be relatively simple. For example, in an indoor scenario, there may be only a limited number of readers, so the first parameter of the reader can be 2 bits or even 1 bit. However, in an outdoor scenario, the distribution of readers may be relatively dense, so the first parameter of the reader may require 4 bits. Using the above embodiment, the number of bits of the first parameter increases or remains unchanged as the number of second devices increases, so it can be ensured that each second device is assigned a unique first parameter in the local range within an appropriate bit length.

[0118] It should be noted that in the embodiment of the present application, a message includes a first parameter. Specifically, the first parameter may be compiled in the physical layer information or compiled in the L2 (Layer 2) message, such as compiled in the MAC layer or RRC layer. Optionally, the first parameter may appear alone as a parameter in the message, or may be compiled in the message together with other parameters.

[0119] Two optional implementations are provided below for the transmission of the first signal.

[0120] Method 1

[0121] In this manner, the first signal includes a beacon signal periodically broadcast by the second device. That is, the second device sending the first signal to the first device includes: the second device periodically broadcasting the beacon signal.

[0122] Optionally, any second device may periodically broadcast a beacon signal, which includes its own first parameter in the beacon signal, so that a first device within a coverage area can determine the first parameter of a target device for initial access.

[0123] Optionally, the broadcast period of the beacon signal is selected from a preconfigured period set.

[0124] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of an application example of a signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present application. Taking the first device including a tag and the second device near the first device including a reader as an example, as shown in FIG10 , the above signal processing method based on the beacon signal includes the following steps:

[0125] Step 1: Before triggering the tag to initiate initial access, each reader first periodically broadcasts a beacon signal (beacon signal). The beacon signal includes at least the RCC parameter (the first parameter). Specifically, the beacon signal sent by reader A contains RCC=001, and the beacon signal sent by reader B contains RCC=010.

[0126] Alternatively, in order to allow more tags to receive beacon signals, beacon signals are generally broadband signals, such as broadcast within the bandwidth of a carrier. Candidates for the beacon signal broadcast period may include a limited number of pre-agreed period values.

[0127] Step 2: The tag attempts to receive the beacon signal from the reader and measures the signal. The tag selects the beacon with the highest signal strength as the best reader (target device) and records its RCC parameters.

[0128] In some embodiments, the first device receives the first signal, including:

[0129] The first device searches for a beacon signal within a first time window;

[0130] If the first device searches for multiple beacon signals containing the same first parameter, it determines the broadcast period of the second device corresponding to the same first parameter based on the multiple beacon signals containing the same first parameter, and receives the beacon signal from the second device based on the broadcast period.

[0131] In other words, the first device's reception of a beacon signal can be divided into two phases. The first phase is the scanning phase, during which the first device cannot determine the transmission time of the second device's beacon signal and therefore searches for a beacon signal within a certain time window. After the first device searches for multiple beacon signals containing the same first parameter, it can determine the broadcast period of the second device corresponding to the first parameter. Based on this broadcast period, it can determine the transmission time of the beacon signal and receive the beacon signal when it is being transmitted, thereby saving energy consumption.

[0132] In some embodiments, the broadcast period of the beacon signal is selected from a preconfigured period set, and the length of the first time window is greater than the maximum period in the period set.

[0133] For example, a preconfigured period set includes multiple period values, the largest of which is 20ms (milliseconds). The second device can select a period value from the period set for beacon signal broadcasting. The first device searches for beacon signals within a time window greater than or equal to 20ms, thereby inevitably finding beacon signals sent twice by the same second device. Therefore, it can determine the second device's broadcast period and perform subsequent reception based on the broadcast period, saving energy.

[0134] Method 2

[0135] In this method, a first device receives at least one first signal, including: the first device sends a second signal, the second signal being used to trigger the second device, which has received the second signal, to send the first signal; and the first device receives the first signal sent by the second device. Correspondingly, the second device sends a first signal to the first device, including: the second device sends the first signal to the first device upon receiving the second signal sent by the first device.

[0136] That is, the occurrence of the first signal may be actively triggered by the first device. For example, the first device may include a type C tag that only supports MO (Message Original) services. In this case, the first signal used to configure the initial access parameters of the first device may be triggered on-demand to save energy consumption of the second device (e.g., a network device).

[0137] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of another application example of the signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present application. Taking the method as an example of an IoT system, where the first device includes a tag and the second device near the first device includes a reader, as shown in FIG11 , the signal processing method based on the active triggering of the first device includes the following steps:

[0138] Step 1: When a tag wants to initiate a call, it will first send a wakeup signal (equivalent to the second signal) to the surrounding readers. If more than one reader receives this wakeup signal, then all readers will respond to the wakeup signal.

[0139] Step 2: Both reader A and reader B respond to the wake-up signal by sending message 0 (msg0, equivalent to the first signal).

[0140] Step 3: If the two msg0s do not collide, meaning the tag correctly receives both msg0s through signal demodulation, the tag determines the optimal reader (target device) by measuring the msg0 signal strength. If the two msg0s collide, the tag determines the optimal reader based on the signal demodulation results. In this case, only the reader that correctly demodulates is the optimal reader. The tag records its RCC parameters.

[0141] The following describes how to implement the initial access process in an embodiment of the present application.

[0142] In some embodiments, the signal processing method also includes: the second device sends a trigger message; wherein the trigger message includes a first parameter of the second device; the trigger message is used to trigger the first device to send a first access message when the first parameter in the trigger message is the same as the first parameter of the target device.

[0143] Correspondingly, for the first device, the above-mentioned signal processing method also includes: the first device receives a trigger message, the trigger message is used to trigger initial access, and the trigger message includes a first parameter of the device sending the trigger message; the first device sends a first access message when the first parameter in the trigger message is the same as the first parameter of the target device.

[0144] In other words, the initial access can be actively triggered by the second device. Optionally, the second device can broadcast a trigger message so that when the first device within the coverage area receives the trigger message, it determines whether to send the first message for accessing the network, i.e., the first access message, based on the first parameter in the trigger message.

[0145] Optionally, when the first parameter in the trigger message is different from the first parameter of the target device, the first device ignores or discards the trigger message.

[0146] According to the above embodiment, the first device only responds to the trigger message sent by the target device. Since the target device is the second device with the best communication signal with the first device, the signal quality in the subsequent initial access process can be guaranteed.

[0147] Optionally, the second device may send a trigger message based on the requirements of a specific application scenario. In some embodiments, the trigger message may include a message for initiating an inventory, that is, the second device may send a trigger message in order to implement an inventory.

[0148] In some embodiments, the first access message includes a first parameter of the target device, and the first parameter of the target device is used to instruct the target device to send a response message.

[0149] Correspondingly, for each second device, the signal processing method also includes: the second device receives a first access message, the first access message includes the first parameter of the target device; the second device sends a response message to the first device when the first parameter in the first access message is the same as the first parameter of the second device.

[0150] That is, by carrying the first parameter of the target device in the first access message, each second device can determine whether it is the target device, and thus determine whether to respond to the first access message sent by the first device, thereby achieving differentiated processing of different second devices.

[0151] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of an application example of a signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present application. Taking the method as an example of an IoT system, where the first device includes a tag and the second device near the first device includes a reader, as shown in FIG12 , the signal processing method includes the following steps:

[0152] Step 0: For the purpose of inventory, the network broadcasts a message (msg0, trigger message) triggering inventory on a certain frequency band through a certain reader (such as reader A). msg0 contains at least the RCC parameter (first parameter) representing the reader.

[0153] Step 1: When the tag initiates initial access, it first receives msg0 and compares the RCC parameters in msg0 with the RCC parameters of its best reader (target device) (in this application example, it is assumed that the RCC of the best reader is 001). If the two are equal, the tag starts sending uplink information (the first access message), otherwise it ignores msg0. The first access message sent by the tag contains the RCC parameters selected by the tag.

[0154] Step 2: The first access message is received by reader A and reader B. For reader A, the message from the tag contains RCC = 001, so reader A believes the message is addressed to it and sends a response message. For reader B, since the RCC contained in the message differs from its own RCC, reader B ignores the message and does not send a response message.

[0155] In some embodiments, the first access message further includes a first identifier of the first device, and the first access message is used to trigger the target device to send a response message including the first identifier. Accordingly, for each second device, the response message includes the first identifier of the first device, the first identifier being obtained based on the first access message, and the response message is used by the first device to determine that the initial access was successful based on the first identifier. That is, the above-mentioned signal processing method further includes: the first device receiving the response message, and determining that the initial access was successful if the first identifier in the response message is the same as the first identifier of the first device.

[0156] Optionally, when the first identifier in the response message is different from the first identifier of the first device, the response message may be a response message to the first access message sent by another device, and the first device may ignore or discard the response message.

[0157] It can be understood that the above initial access process resolves the conflict between the first device and other devices by carrying the first identifier of the first device in the first access message sent by the first device and also carrying the first identifier of the first device in the response message sent by the second device.

[0158] In some embodiments, the response message includes the second identifier of the first device. Specifically, for the first device, when the response message includes the first identifier of the first device, the response message also includes the second identifier assigned to the first device by the target device. For the second device, when the received first access message includes its own first parameter, the response message sent by the second device includes the second identifier assigned to the first device. This second identifier can be used in subsequent processes, that is, the second identifier is used in subsequent processes to distinguish the first device from other devices.

[0159] Optionally, the uplink message content to be sent by the first device may be carried by, or incorporated into, the first access message. In some scenarios, such as reporting or inventory of monitoring / sensing information, the uplink message content to be sent by the first device has already been sent to the second device via the first access message, and no subsequent process occurs. In this case, the response message may not include the second identifier, meaning that the second device does not need to allocate the second identifier to the first device.

[0160] In some embodiments, the second identifier in the response message received by the first device is determined based on at least the first parameter of the target device. That is, for any second device, the second identifier allocated to the first device in the response message is determined based on at least the first parameter of the second device.

[0161] Since the first parameter is compiled into the second identifier, the second identifiers allocated to the second devices with different first parameters must be different. Therefore, the above embodiment is conducive to achieving the uniqueness of the second identifier within the local range of the communication system, rather than being unique only within multiple first devices that access the target device at the same time, avoiding problems with message addressing between the first device and the target device after initial access.

[0162] To facilitate a clear understanding of the above technical solution, FIG13 shows a schematic diagram of another application example of the signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present application. For example, the method is used in an IoT system, where the first device includes a tag and the second device near the first device includes a reader. As shown in FIG13 , the signal processing method includes:

[0163] Step 1: After receiving the trigger message, the tag compares the RCC parameter (first parameter) in the trigger message with the RCC parameter of the best reader (target device) it has saved. Finding that the two are identical, it sends a first access message to the reader. The first access message includes at least the tag's first identifier, tag-id, which can be a random number generated by the tag itself. This message includes the RCC=001 in the trigger message.

[0164] Step 2: After receiving the first access message from the tag and comparing it with the RCC, reader A feeds back a response message containing the received first identifier tag-id and the second identifier Tag-RNTI assigned to the tag. After the tag receives this message, if it finds that the received tag-id is equal to the one it sent, it considers that the initial access has been successful and uses the received Tag-RNTI as its own identifier for subsequent processes. After comparing the RCC, reader B (RCC=010) finds that it is different from its own RCC, so it directly ignores the received first access message.

[0165] In some embodiments, the first access message sent by the first device when the first parameter in the trigger message is the same as the first parameter of the target device may include a first preamble code; at least part of the information in the sequence number of the first preamble code is determined based on the first parameter of the target device, and at least part of the information is used to instruct the target device to send a response message.

[0166] Correspondingly, for the second device, the signal processing method also includes: the second device receives a first access message, the first access message includes a first preamble code; the second device sends a response message to the first device when at least part of the information in the sequence number of the first preamble code matches the first parameter of the second device; wherein the response message includes the sequence number of the first preamble code, so that the first device sends the second access message.

[0167] For the first device, the signal processing method further includes: the first device receives a response message, and when the preamble sequence number included in the response message is the same as the sequence number of the first preamble, sends a second access message.

[0168] That is, the first parameter of the target device is carried in the first access message using the sequence number of the first preamble, allowing each second device to determine whether to send a response message. The second device also carries the preamble sequence number in the response message, allowing the first device to determine whether the response message is used to respond to the first access message it sent. Furthermore, if the preamble sequence number is the same, the second access message is sent. Optionally, the second access message can be used to send uplink message content.

[0169] Based on the above embodiment, the second access message includes the first identifier of the first device; the signal processing method also includes: the second device receives the second access message; the second device sends an access confirmation message to the first device; wherein the access confirmation message includes the first identifier, so that the first device determines that the initial access is successful.

[0170] Correspondingly, for the first device, the above method further includes: after sending the second access message, the first device receives an access confirmation message, and determines that the initial access is successful when the first identifier in the access confirmation message is the same as the first identifier of the first device.

[0171] Optionally, when the first identifier in the access confirmation message is different from the first identifier of the first device, the first device may ignore or discard the access confirmation message.

[0172] That is, after receiving the second access message, the second device feeds back an access confirmation message including the first identifier in the message to the first device, so that the first device can confirm that the conflict between the first device and other devices is resolved, thereby determining that the initial access is successful.

[0173] Optionally, the access confirmation message includes the second identifier of the first device. Specifically, for the first device, when the access confirmation message includes the first identifier of the first device, the access confirmation message also includes the second identifier assigned to the first device by the target device. For the second device, after receiving the second access message, the access confirmation message sent by the second device also includes the second identifier assigned to the first device by the second device. This second identifier can be used in subsequent processes, that is, the second identifier is used in subsequent processes to distinguish the first device from other devices.

[0174] Optionally, the uplink message content to be sent by the first device may be carried by, or incorporated into, the second access message. In some scenarios, such as reporting or inventory of monitoring / sensing information, the uplink message content to be sent by the first device has already been sent to the second device via the second access message, and no subsequent process occurs. In this case, the response message may not include the second identifier, meaning that the second device does not need to allocate the second identifier to the first device.

[0175] In some embodiments, the second identifier in the access confirmation message received by the first device is determined based on at least the first parameter of the target device. That is, for any second device, the second identifier allocated to the first device in the access confirmation message is determined based on at least the first parameter of the second device.

[0176] Since the first parameter is compiled into the second identifier, the second identifiers allocated to the second devices with different first parameters must be different. Therefore, the above embodiment is conducive to achieving the uniqueness of the second identifier within the local range of the communication system, rather than being unique only within multiple first devices that access the target device at the same time, avoiding problems with message addressing between the first device and the target device after initial access.

[0177] To facilitate a clear understanding of the above technical solution, FIG14 shows a schematic diagram of another application example of the signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present application. For example, the method is used in an IoT system, where the first device includes a tag and the second device near the first device includes a reader. As shown in FIG14 , the signal processing method includes:

[0178] Step 1: After the tag receives the trigger message, it compares the RCC parameters in the trigger message with the RCC parameters of the best reader it has saved and finds that the two are the same, so it randomly selects a preamble to send the first access message. A sequence is modulated on the preamble. The number of these sequences is limited, for example, there are 16 in total, and each sequence has a fixed serial number. The reader can demodulate preambles of different sequences. If preambles with the same sequence are received from different tags, the reader cannot distinguish between different tags, that is, they may be demodulated as one preamble. The serial number (preamble index) of the preamble selected by the tag also contains the RCC parameters.

[0179] Step 2: After receiving the preamble and comparing it to the RCC=001 contained in the preamble index, reader A (RCC=001) sends a response message containing the preamble index to the tag, indicating that it has correctly received and demodulated the preamble containing RRC=001. Reader B (RCC=010) ignores the message because the RCC=001 contained in the preamble index differs from its own RCC parameter.

[0180] Step 3: After receiving the preamble index, the tag compares it with the index of the preamble it just sent. If the two indices are the same, the tag sends a second access message to the reader containing at least the tag-id. Otherwise, the initial access is considered a failure. The tag-id can be a random number generated by the tag itself.

[0181] Step 4: After receiving the tag's message, reader A returns an access confirmation message containing the received tag-id and the tag-RNTI (second identifier) ​​assigned to the tag. When the tag receives this message and finds that the received tag-id is equal to the one it sent, it considers the initial access successful and uses the received Tag-RNTI as its own identifier for subsequent processes.

[0182] In some other embodiments, the first access message includes a first preamble. The signal processing method further includes: the second device receiving the first access message; the second device sending a response message; wherein the response message includes the first parameter of the second device and the sequence number of the first preamble, so that the first device sends the second access message.

[0183] Correspondingly, for the first device, the signal processing method also includes: the first device receives a response message to the first access message, and the response message includes the first parameter of the second device that sends the access response message; the first device sends the second access message when the first parameter in the response message is the same as the first parameter of the target device and the response message includes the sequence number of the first preamble code.

[0184] In other words, when processing the first preamble, the first device does not need to refer to the first parameter of the target device. Each second device can respond to the first access message sent by the first device. However, the first parameters in the response messages sent by different second devices may differ. The first device can use this information to determine the response message sent by the target device and, if the response message contains the sequence number of the first preamble, send the second access message. This embodiment also allows for differentiating between different second devices, thus resolving conflicts between multiple second devices.

[0185] Based on the above embodiment, the second access message includes the first identifier of the first device; the signal processing method also includes: the second device receives the second access message; the second device sends an access confirmation message to the first device; wherein the access confirmation message includes the first identifier, so that the first device determines that the initial access is successful.

[0186] Correspondingly, for the first device, the above method further includes: after sending the second access message, the first device receives an access confirmation message, and determines that the initial access is successful when the first identifier in the access confirmation message is the same as the first identifier of the first device.

[0187] Optionally, when the first identifier in the access confirmation message is different from the first identifier of the first device, the first device may ignore or discard the access confirmation message.

[0188] That is, after receiving the second access message, the second device feeds back an access confirmation message including the first identifier in the message to the first device, so that the first device can confirm that the conflict between the first device and other devices is resolved, thereby determining that the initial access is successful.

[0189] Optionally, the access confirmation message includes the second identifier of the first device. Specifically, for the first device, when the access confirmation message includes the first identifier of the first device, the access confirmation message also includes the second identifier assigned to the first device by the target device. For the second device, after receiving the second access message, the access confirmation message sent by the second device also includes the second identifier assigned to the first device by the second device. This second identifier can be used in subsequent processes, that is, the second identifier is used in subsequent processes to distinguish the first device from other devices.

[0190] Optionally, the uplink message content to be sent by the first device may be carried by, or incorporated into, the second access message. In some scenarios, such as reporting or inventory of monitoring / sensing information, the uplink message content to be sent by the first device has already been sent to the second device via the second access message, and no subsequent process occurs. In this case, the response message may not include the second identifier, meaning that the second device does not need to allocate the second identifier to the first device.

[0191] In some embodiments, the second identifier in the access confirmation message received by the first device is determined based on at least the first parameter of the target device. That is, for any second device, the second identifier allocated to the first device in the access confirmation message is determined based on at least the first parameter of the second device.

[0192] Since the first parameter is compiled into the second identifier, the second identifiers allocated to the second devices with different first parameters must be different. Therefore, the above embodiment is conducive to achieving the uniqueness of the second identifier within the local range of the communication system, rather than being unique only within multiple first devices that access the target device at the same time, avoiding problems with message addressing between the first device and the target device after initial access.

[0193] To facilitate a clear understanding of the above technical solution, FIG15 shows a schematic diagram of another application example of the signal processing method according to an embodiment of the present application. Taking the method as an example of an IoT system where the first device includes a tag and the second device near the first device includes a reader, as shown in FIG15 , the signal processing method includes:

[0194] Step 1: After receiving the trigger message, the tag compares the RCC in the trigger message with the RCC of the best reader it has saved. Finding that the two are identical, it randomly selects a preamble to send the first access message. A sequence is modulated on the preamble. The number of these sequences is limited, for example, there are 16 in total, and each sequence has a fixed serial number. The reader can demodulate preambles of different sequences. If preambles with the same sequence are received from different tags, the reader cannot distinguish between the different tags and may demodulate them as a single preamble.

[0195] Step 2: After receiving the preamble, reader A and reader B respond with a response message containing the preamble index (preamble sequence number) to the tag to indicate that they have correctly received and demodulated the preamble corresponding to the preamble index.

[0196] Step 3: After receiving the preamble index, the tag compares it with the index of the preamble it just sent. If the two indices are the same, the tag sends a second access message to the reader, containing at least the tag-id. Otherwise, the initial access is considered a failure. The tag-id can be a random number generated by the tag itself. In this step, although the tag receives response messages from reader A and reader B almost simultaneously, because reader A is the best reader, the tag demodulates reader A's response message, and reader B's response message becomes an interference signal.

[0197] Step 4: After receiving the tag's message, reader A returns an access confirmation message containing the received tag-id and the tag-RNTI (second identifier) ​​assigned to the tag. When the tag receives this message and finds that the received tag-id is equal to the one it sent, it considers the initial access successful and uses the received Tag-RNTI as its own identifier for subsequent processes.

[0198] In some embodiments, when the number of bits of the first identifier is less than the first value, the second access message and / or the access confirmation message may include the first parameter of the target device, where the first value may be a preset value.

[0199] Specifically, if the bit length of the first identifier is sufficient, the first identifiers of all first devices that are in the initial access process and surrounding the first device can always remain unique. The above embodiment provides another solution, which allows the bit length of the first identifier to be smaller, so that the first devices that are in the initial access process of only one second device can remain unique among each other. In other words, the first devices that are in the initial access process of different second devices may have the same first identifier. On this basis, a first parameter can be added to the second access message and the access confirmation message to distinguish all first devices that are in the initial access process.

[0200] It can be understood that in a narrowband system, the interference between IoT devices within the coverage area of ​​a network node is eliminated through appropriate multiple access methods, but this method cannot be applied to the initial access process, because during the initial access, the tag does not even know which network node to access the network, so interference between network nodes is inevitable. The signal processing method of an embodiment of the present application determines the strongest (closest) network node by measuring the signal strength of the beacon signal or wake-up signal (such as a message that triggers an inventory) sent by the network node, and distinguishes the network nodes by a first parameter. This solution can basically eliminate the interference problem between the uplink and downlink readers during the initial access process at the cost of a smaller system bandwidth overhead and signaling overhead.

[0201] FIG16 is a schematic block diagram of a first device 1600 according to an embodiment of the present application. The first device 1600 may include:

[0202] The first communication module 1610 is configured to receive a first signal, wherein the first signal includes a first parameter of a second device that sends the first signal;

[0203] The first processing module 1620 is configured to determine a first parameter of the target device for initial access based on the first parameter in the first signal; the first parameter of the target device is used to determine whether to respond to the message triggering initial access received by the target device.

[0204] In one embodiment, the first processing module 1620 is further configured to:

[0205] Determining a first signal having the greatest signal strength among the received multiple first signals;

[0206] The first parameter of the first signal with the largest signal strength is determined as the first parameter of the target device.

[0207] In one embodiment, the first parameter is unique globally or locally within the communication system.

[0208] In one embodiment, the number of bits of the first parameter is related to the number of second devices in a global scope or a local scope of the communication system.

[0209] In one embodiment, when the number of second devices increases, the number of bits of the first parameter increases or remains unchanged.

[0210] In one embodiment, the first signal comprises a beacon signal periodically broadcast by the second device.

[0211] In one embodiment, the first communication module 1610 is further configured to search for a beacon signal within the first time window;

[0212] The first processing module 1620 is further configured to determine, if multiple beacon signals containing the same first parameter are searched, a broadcast period of the second device corresponding to the same first parameter based on the multiple beacon signals containing the same first parameter;

[0213] The first communication module 1610 is further configured to receive a beacon signal from a second device based on a broadcast period.

[0214] In one embodiment, the broadcast period is selected from a preconfigured period set, and the length of the first time window is greater than the maximum period in the period set.

[0215] In one embodiment, the first communication module 1610 is further configured to:

[0216] Sending a second signal; wherein the second signal is used to trigger the second device that receives the second signal to send the first signal;

[0217] A first signal sent by a second device is received.

[0218] In one embodiment, the first communication module 1610 is further configured to:

[0219] Receiving a trigger message; wherein the trigger message is used to trigger initial access, and the trigger message includes a first parameter of the device sending the trigger message;

[0220] In a case where the first parameter in the trigger message is the same as the first parameter of the target device, a first access message is sent.

[0221] In one embodiment, the trigger message includes a message for initiating an inventory.

[0222] In one implementation, the first access message includes a first parameter of the target device, and the first parameter of the target device is used to instruct the target device to send a response message.

[0223] In one embodiment, the first access message further includes a first identifier of the first device, and the first access message is used to trigger the target device to send a response message including the first identifier;

[0224] The first communication module 1610 is further configured to receive a response message;

[0225] The first processing module 1620 is further configured to determine that the initial access is successful when the first identifier in the response message is the same as the first identifier of the first device.

[0226] In one implementation, the response message includes the second identifier allocated by the target device to the first device.

[0227] In one embodiment, the first access message includes a first preamble; at least part of the information in the sequence number of the first preamble is determined based on a first parameter of the target device, and at least part of the information is used to instruct the target device to send a response message;

[0228] The first communication module 1610 is further configured to:

[0229] A response message is received, and a second access message is sent when the preamble sequence number included in the response message is the same as the sequence number of the first preamble.

[0230] In one embodiment, the first access message includes a first preamble;

[0231] The first communication module 1610 is further configured to:

[0232] receiving a response message to the first access message; wherein the response message includes a first parameter of the second device that sends the access response message;

[0233] In a case where the first parameter in the response message is the same as the first parameter of the target device and the response message includes the sequence number of the first preamble code, the second access message is sent.

[0234] In one embodiment, the second access message includes the first identifier of the first device;

[0235] The first communication module 1610 is further configured to receive an access confirmation message after sending the second access message;

[0236] The first processing module 1620 is further configured to determine that the initial access is successful when the first identifier in the access confirmation message is the same as the first identifier of the first device.

[0237] In one implementation, the access confirmation message includes the second identifier allocated by the target device to the first device.

[0238] In one embodiment, the second identifier is determined based on at least a first parameter of the target device.

[0239] In one implementation, when the number of bits of the first identifier is less than the first value, the second access message and / or the access confirmation message includes the first parameter of the target device.

[0240] The first device 1600 of the embodiment of the present application can implement the corresponding functions of the first device in the aforementioned method embodiment. The processes, functions, implementation methods and beneficial effects corresponding to the various modules (sub-modules, units or components, etc.) in the first device 1600 can be found in the corresponding descriptions in the above-mentioned method embodiments, which will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the functions described in the various modules (sub-modules, units or components, etc.) in the first device 1600 of the application embodiment can be implemented by different modules (sub-modules, units or components, etc.) or by the same module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.).

[0241] FIG17 is a schematic block diagram of a second device 1700 according to an embodiment of the present application. The second device 1700 may include:

[0242] The second communication module 1710 is used to send a first signal; wherein the first signal includes a first parameter of the second device; the first signal is used by the first device to determine the first parameter of the target device for initial access, so as to determine whether to respond to the message triggering initial access received by the first device.

[0243] In one embodiment, the first parameter is unique globally or locally within the communication system.

[0244] In one embodiment, the number of bits of the first parameter is related to the number of second devices in a global scope or a local scope of the communication system.

[0245] In one embodiment, when the number of second devices increases, the number of bits of the first parameter increases or remains unchanged.

[0246] In one embodiment, the second communication module 1710 is further configured to:

[0247] Periodically broadcasts a beacon signal.

[0248] In one embodiment, the broadcast period of the beacon signal is selected from a preconfigured period set.

[0249] In one embodiment, the second communication module 1710 is further configured to:

[0250] In case of receiving the second signal sent by the first device, the first signal is sent to the first device.

[0251] In one embodiment, the second communication module 1710 is further configured to:

[0252] Send a trigger message; wherein the trigger message includes a first parameter of the second device; the trigger message is used to trigger the first device to send a first access message when the first parameter in the trigger message is the same as the first parameter of the target device.

[0253] In one embodiment, the trigger message includes a message for initiating an inventory.

[0254] In one embodiment, the second communication module 1710 is further configured to:

[0255] Receiving a first access message; wherein the first access message includes a first parameter of the target device;

[0256] In a case where the first parameter in the first access message is the same as the first parameter of the second device, a response message is sent to the first device.

[0257] In one embodiment, the response message includes a first identifier of the first device; the first identifier is obtained based on the first access message, and the response message is used by the first device to determine that the initial access is successful based on the first identifier.

[0258] In one implementation, the response message includes the second identifier allocated by the second device to the first device.

[0259] In one embodiment, the second communication module 1710 is further configured to:

[0260] receiving a first access message; wherein the first access message includes a first preamble;

[0261] When at least part of the information in the sequence number of the first preamble matches the first parameter of the second device, a response message is sent to the first device; wherein the response message includes the sequence number of the first preamble, so that the first device sends a second access message.

[0262] In one embodiment, the second communication module 1710 is further configured to:

[0263] receiving a first access message; wherein the first access message includes a first preamble;

[0264] Send a response message; wherein the response message includes the first parameter of the second device and the sequence number of the first preamble code, so that the first device sends a second access message.

[0265] In one embodiment, the second communication module 1710 is further configured to:

[0266] receiving a second access message; wherein the second access message includes a first identifier of the first device;

[0267] An access confirmation message is sent to the first device; wherein the access confirmation message includes a first identifier, so that the first device determines that the initial access is successful.

[0268] In one implementation, the access confirmation message includes a second identifier allocated by the second device to the first device.

[0269] In one embodiment, the second identifier is determined based on at least a first parameter of the second device.

[0270] In one implementation, when the number of bits of the first identifier is less than the first value, the second access message and / or the access confirmation message includes the first parameter of the second device.

[0271] The second device 1700 of the embodiment of the present application can implement the corresponding functions of the second device in the aforementioned method embodiment. The processes, functions, implementation methods and beneficial effects corresponding to the various modules (sub-modules, units or components, etc.) in the second device 1700 can be found in the corresponding descriptions in the above-mentioned method embodiments, which will not be repeated here. It should be noted that the functions described in the various modules (sub-modules, units or components, etc.) in the second device 1700 of the application embodiment can be implemented by different modules (sub-modules, units or components, etc.) or by the same module (sub-module, unit or component, etc.).

[0272] Figure 18 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication device 1800 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication device 1800 includes a processor 1810, which can call and run a computer program from a memory to enable the communication device 1800 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0273] In one embodiment, the communication device 1800 may further include a memory 1820. The processor 1810 may call and execute a computer program from the memory 1820 to enable the communication device 1800 to implement the method in the embodiment of the present application.

[0274] The memory 1820 may be a separate device independent of the processor 1810 , or may be integrated into the processor 1810 .

[0275] In one embodiment, the communication device 1800 may further include a transceiver 1830 , and the processor 1810 may control the transceiver 1830 to communicate with other devices. Specifically, the transceiver 1830 may send information or data to other devices, or receive information or data sent by other devices.

[0276] The transceiver 1830 may include a transmitter and a receiver. The transceiver 1830 may further include an antenna, and the number of antennas may be one or more.

[0277] In one embodiment, the communication device 1800 may be the first device of the embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 1800 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first device in each method of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0278] In one embodiment, the communication device 1800 may be the second device of the embodiment of the present application, and the communication device 1800 may implement the corresponding processes implemented by the second device in each method of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0279] 19 is a schematic structural diagram of a chip 1900 according to an embodiment of the present application. The chip 1900 includes a processor 1910, which can call and execute a computer program from a memory to implement the method according to the embodiment of the present application.

[0280] In one embodiment, the chip 1900 may further include a memory 1920. The processor 1910 may call and execute a computer program from the memory 1920 to implement the method executed by the first device or the second device in the embodiment of the present application.

[0281] The memory 1920 may be a separate device independent of the processor 1910 , or may be integrated into the processor 1910 .

[0282] In one embodiment, the chip 1900 may further include an input interface 1930. The processor 1910 may control the input interface 1930 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, may obtain information or data sent by other devices or chips.

[0283] In one embodiment, the chip 1900 may further include an output interface 1940. The processor 1910 may control the output interface 1940 to communicate with other devices or chips, and specifically, may output information or data to other devices or chips.

[0284] In one embodiment, the chip can be applied to the first device in the embodiment of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the first device in each method of the embodiment of the present application. For the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0285] In one embodiment, the chip can be applied to the second device in the embodiments of the present application, and the chip can implement the corresponding processes implemented by the second device in each method of the embodiments of the present application. For the sake of brevity, they will not be repeated here.

[0286] The chips used in the first device and the second device may be the same chip or different chips.

[0287] It should be understood that the chip mentioned in the embodiments of the present application can also be called a system-level chip, a system chip, a chip system or a system-on-chip chip, etc.

[0288] The processor mentioned above may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor mentioned above may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0289] The memory mentioned above may be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or may include both volatile and non-volatile memories. The non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM).

[0290] It should be understood that the above-mentioned memories are exemplary but not restrictive. For example, the memories in the embodiments of the present application may also be static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct RAM RAM (DR RAM), etc. In other words, the memories in the embodiments of the present application are intended to include, but are not limited to, these and any other suitable types of memories.

[0291] FIG20 is a schematic block diagram of a communication system 2000 according to an embodiment of the present application. The communication system 2000 includes a first device 2010 and a second device 2020 .

[0292] The first device 2010 receives a first signal, wherein the first signal includes a first parameter of the second device 2020 that sent the first signal;

[0293] The first device 2010 determines the first parameter of the target device for initial access based on the first parameter in the first signal; the first parameter of the target device is used by the first device 2010 to determine whether to respond to the message triggering initial access received by it.

[0294] The second device 2020 sends a first signal; wherein the first signal includes a first parameter of the second device 2020; the first signal is used by the first device 2010 to determine the first parameter of the target device for initial access, so as to determine whether to respond to the message triggering initial access received by the first device 2010.

[0295] The first device 2010 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the first device in the above method, and the second device 2020 can be used to implement the corresponding functions implemented by the second device in the above method. For the sake of brevity, they are not described here in detail.

[0296] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When software is used for implementation, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function in accordance with the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable devices. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from a website, computer, server or data center by wired (such as coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode to another website, computer, server or data center. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrations. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (eg, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (eg, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (eg, a solid state disk (SSD)).

[0297] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0298] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0299] The above are only specific embodiments of the present application, but the scope of protection of this application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A signal processing method, comprising: A first device receives a first signal; wherein, the first signal includes a first parameter of a second device that sends the first signal; The first device determines a first parameter of a target device for initial access based on the first parameter in the first signal; the first parameter of the target device is used by the first device to determine whether to respond to a message that triggers initial access received by it.

2. The method according to claim 1, wherein, The first device determines a first parameter of a target device for initial access based on the first parameter in the first signal, including: The first device determines the first signal with the maximum signal strength among the received multiple first signals; The first device determines the first parameter in the first signal with the maximum signal strength as the first parameter of the target device.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein, The first parameter is unique within the global or local scope of the communication system.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein, The number of bits of the first parameter is related to the number of second devices within the global or local scope of the communication system.

5. The method according to claim 4, wherein, When the number of the second devices increases, the number of bits of the first parameter increases or remains unchanged.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The first signal includes a beacon signal periodically broadcast by a second device.

7. The method according to claim 6, wherein, The first device receives the first signal, including: The first device searches for beacon signals within a first time window; If the first device searches for multiple beacon signals containing the same first parameter, it determines the broadcast period of the second device corresponding to the same first parameter based on the multiple beacon signals containing the same first parameter, and receives beacon signals from the second device based on the broadcast period.

8. The method according to claim 7, wherein the broadcast period is selected from a pre-configured set of periods, and the length of the first time window is greater than the maximum period in the set of periods.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1-5, wherein, The first device receives at least one first signal, including: The first device sends a second signal; wherein, the second signal is used to trigger a second device that receives the second signal to send a first signal; The first device receives the first signal sent by the second device.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1-9, wherein, The method further includes: The first device receives a trigger message; wherein, the trigger message is used to trigger initial access, and the trigger message includes a first parameter of the device that sends the trigger message; The first device sends a first access message when the first parameter in the trigger message is the same as the first parameter of the target device.

11. The method according to claim 10, wherein, The trigger message includes a message for initiating an inventory.

12. The method according to claim 10 or 11, Among them, the first access message includes a first parameter of the target device, and the first parameter of the target device is used to instruct the target device to send a response message.

13. The method according to claim 12, wherein, the first access message further includes a first identifier of the first device, and the first access message is used to trigger the target device to send a response message including the first identifier; the method further includes: the first device receives the response message, and when the first identifier in the response message is the same as the first identifier of the first device, it determines that the initial access is successful.

14. The method according to claim 13, wherein, the response message includes a second identifier assigned by the target device to the first device.

15. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein, the first access message includes a first preamble; at least part of the information in the serial number of the first preamble is determined based on the first parameter of the target device, and the at least part of the information is used to instruct the target device to send a response message; the method further includes: the first device receives the response message, and when the preamble serial number included in the response message is the same as the serial number of the first preamble, it sends a second access message.

16. The method according to claim 10 or 11, wherein, the first access message includes a first preamble; the method further includes: the first device receives a response message for the first access message; wherein, the response message includes a first parameter of a second device that sends the access response message; the first device sends a second access message when the first parameter in the response message is the same as the first parameter of the target device and the response message includes the serial number of the first preamble.

17. The method according to claim 15 or 16, wherein, the second access message includes the first identifier of the first device; the method further includes: after sending the second access message, the first device receives an access confirmation message, and when the first identifier in the access confirmation message is the same as the first identifier of the first device, it determines that the initial access is successful.

18. The method according to claim 17, wherein, the access confirmation message includes a second identifier assigned by the target device to the first device.

19. The method according to claim 14 or 18, wherein, the second identifier is at least determined based on the first parameter of the target device.

20. The method according to claim 17 or 18, wherein, when the number of bits of the first identifier is less than a first value, the second access message and / or the access confirmation message includes the first parameter of the target device.

21. A signal processing method, including: a second device sends a first signal; wherein, the first signal includes a first parameter of the second device; the first signal is used for a first device to determine a first parameter of a target device for initial access to determine whether to respond to a message triggering initial access received by the first device.

22. The method according to claim 21, wherein, the first parameter is unique within the global or local scope of the communication system.

23. The method according to claim 21 or 22, wherein, the number of bits of the first parameter is related to the number of second devices within the global or local scope of the communication system.

24. The method according to claim 23, wherein, when the number of the second devices increases, the number of bits of the first parameter increases or remains unchanged.

25. The method according to any one of claims 21-24, wherein, the second device sending a first signal to the first device includes: the second device periodically broadcasting a beacon signal.

26. The method according to claim 25, wherein, the broadcast period of the beacon signal is selected from a pre-configured set of periods.

27. The method according to any one of claims 21-24, wherein, the second device sending a first signal to the first device includes: the second device sending the first signal to the first device when receiving a second signal sent by the first device.

28. The method according to any one of claims 21-27, wherein, the method further includes: the second device sending a trigger message; wherein the trigger message contains the first parameter of the second device; the trigger message is used to trigger the first device to send a first access message when the first parameter in the trigger message is the same as the first parameter of the target device.

29. The method according to claim 28, wherein, the trigger message includes a message for initiating an inventory count.

30. The method according to claim 28 or 29, wherein, the method further includes: the second device receiving the first access message; wherein the first access message includes the first parameter of the target device; the second device sending a response message to the first device when the first parameter in the first access message is the same as the first parameter of the second device.

31. The method according to claim 30, wherein, the response message includes the first identifier of the first device; the first identifier is obtained based on the first access message, and the response message is used for the first device to determine that the initial access is successful based on the first identifier.

32. The method according to claim 31, wherein, the response message includes a second identifier assigned by the second device to the first device.

33. The method according to claim 28 or 29, wherein, the method further includes: the second device receiving the first access message; wherein the first access message includes a first preamble; the second device sending a response message to the first device when at least part of the information in the sequence number of the first preamble matches the first parameter of the second device; wherein the response message includes the sequence number of the first preamble, so that the first device sends a second access message.

34. The method according to claim 28 or 29, wherein, the method further includes: The second device receives a first access message; wherein, the first access message includes a first preamble; The second device sends a response message; wherein, the response message contains a first parameter of the second device and a sequence number of the first preamble, so that the first device sends a second access message.

35. The method according to claim 33 or 34, wherein, The method further includes: The second device receives the second access message; wherein, the second access message contains a first identifier of the first device; The second device sends an access confirmation message to the first device; wherein, the access confirmation message contains the first identifier, so that the first device determines that the initial access is successful.

36. The method according to claim 35, wherein, The access confirmation message contains a second identifier assigned by the second device to the first device.

37. The method according to claim 32 or 36, wherein, The second identifier is determined at least based on the first parameter of the second device.

38. The method according to claim 35 or 36, wherein, When the number of bits of the first identifier is less than a first value, the second access message and / or the access confirmation message contains the first parameter of the second device.

39. A first device, including: A first communication module, configured to receive a first signal; wherein, the first signal contains a first parameter of a second device that sends the first signal; A first processing module, configured to determine a first parameter of a target device for initial access based on the first parameter in the first signal; the first parameter of the target device is used to determine whether to respond to a message that triggers initial access received by it.

40. The first device according to claim 39, wherein, The first processing module is further configured to: Among multiple received first signals, determine a first signal with the strongest signal strength; Determine the first parameter in the first signal with the strongest signal strength as the first parameter of the target device.

41. The first device according to claim 39 or 40, wherein, The first parameter is unique within the global scope or a local scope of the communication system.

42. The first device according to any one of claims 39-41, wherein, The number of bits of the first parameter is related to the number of second devices within the global scope or a local scope of the communication system.

43. The first device according to claim 42, wherein, When the number of second devices increases, the number of bits of the first parameter increases or remains unchanged.

44. The first device according to any one of claims 39-43, wherein, The first signal includes a beacon signal periodically broadcast by a second device.

45. The first device according to claim 44, wherein, The first communication module is further configured to search for beacon signals within a first time window; The first processing module is further configured to, if multiple beacon signals containing the same first parameter are searched, determine a broadcast period of the second device corresponding to the same first parameter based on the multiple beacon signals containing the same first parameter. The first communication module is further configured to receive a beacon signal from the second device based on the broadcast period.

46. The first device according to claim 45, wherein the broadcast period is selected from a pre-configured set of periods, and the length of the first time window is greater than the maximum period in the set of periods.

47. The first device according to any one of claims 39-43, wherein, the first communication module is further configured to: send a second signal; wherein the second signal is used to trigger a second device that receives the second signal to send a first signal; receive the first signal sent by the second device.

48. The first device according to any one of claims 39-47, wherein, the first communication module is further configured to: receive a trigger message; wherein the trigger message is used to trigger initial access, and the trigger message includes a first parameter of the device that sends the trigger message; send a first access message when the first parameter in the trigger message is the same as the first parameter of the target device.

49. The first device according to claim 48, wherein, the trigger message includes a message for initiating an inventory count.

50. The first device according to claim 48 or 49, wherein, the first access message includes the first parameter of the target device, and the first parameter of the target device is used to instruct the target device to send a response message.

51. The first device according to claim 50, wherein, the first access message further includes a first identifier of the first device, and the first access message is used to trigger the target device to send a response message including the first identifier; the first communication module is further configured to receive a response message; the first processing module is further configured to determine that the initial access is successful when the first identifier in the response message is the same as the first identifier of the first device.

52. The first device according to claim 51, wherein, the response message includes a second identifier assigned by the target device to the first device.

53. The first device according to claim 48 or 49, wherein, the first access message includes a first preamble; at least part of the information in the sequence number of the first preamble is determined based on the first parameter of the target device, and the at least part of the information is used to instruct the target device to send a response message; the first communication module is further configured to: receive the response message, and send a second access message when the sequence number of the preamble included in the response message is the same as the sequence number of the first preamble.

54. The first device according to claim 48 or 49, wherein, the first access message includes a first preamble; the first communication module is further configured to: receive a response message for the first access message; wherein the response message includes a first parameter of a second device that sends the access response message; send a second access message when the first parameter in the response message is the same as the first parameter of the target device and the response message includes the sequence number of the first preamble.

55. The first device according to claim 53 or 54, wherein, the second access message includes a first identifier of the first device; the first communication module is further configured to receive an access confirmation message after sending the second access message; the first processing module is further configured to determine that the initial access is successful when the first identifier in the access confirmation message is the same as the first identifier of the first device.

56. The first device according to claim 55, wherein, the access confirmation message includes a second identifier assigned by the target device to the first device.

57. The first device according to claim 52 or 56, wherein, the second identifier is determined at least based on a first parameter of the target device.

58. The first device according to claim 55 or 56, wherein, when the number of bits of the first identifier is less than a first value, the second access message and / or the access confirmation message includes the first parameter of the target device.

59. A second device, comprising: a second communication module, configured to send a first signal; wherein, the first signal includes a first parameter of the second device; the first signal is used for the first device to determine a first parameter of a target device for initial access, so as to determine whether to respond to a message triggering initial access received by the first device.

60. The second device according to claim 59, wherein, the first parameter is unique within a global scope or a local scope of the communication system.

61. The second device according to claim 59 or 60, wherein, the number of bits of the first parameter is related to the number of second devices within a global scope or a local scope of the communication system.

62. The second device according to claim 61, wherein, when the number of second devices increases, the number of bits of the first parameter increases or remains unchanged.

63. The second device according to any one of claims 59-62, wherein, the second communication module is further configured to: periodically broadcast a beacon signal.

64. The second device according to claim 63, wherein, the broadcast period of the beacon signal is selected from a pre-configured set of periods.

65. The second device according to any one of claims 59-62, wherein, the second communication module is further configured to: send the first signal to the first device when receiving a second signal sent by the first device.

66. The second device according to any one of claims 59-65, wherein, the second communication module is further configured to: send a trigger message; wherein, the trigger message includes a first parameter of the second device; the trigger message is used to trigger the first device to send a first access message when the first parameter in the trigger message is the same as the first parameter of the target device.

67. The second device according to claim 66, wherein, the trigger message includes a message for initiating an inventory.

68. The second device according to claim 66 or 67, wherein, the second communication module is further configured to: Receive the first access message; wherein, the first access message includes a first parameter of the target device; When the first parameter in the first access message is the same as the first parameter of the second device, send a response message to the first device.

69. The second device according to claim 68, wherein, the response message includes a first identifier of the first device; the first identifier is obtained based on the first access message, and the response message is used for the first device to determine that the initial access is successful based on the first identifier.

70. The second device according to claim 69, wherein, the response message includes a second identifier assigned by the second device to the first device.

71. The second device according to claim 66 or 67, wherein, the second communication module is further configured to: Receive the first access message; wherein, the first access message includes a first preamble; When at least part of the information in the sequence number of the first preamble matches the first parameter of the second device, send a response message to the first device; wherein, the response message includes the sequence number of the first preamble, so that the first device sends a second access message.

72. The second device according to claim 66 or 67, wherein, the second communication module is further configured to: Receive a first access message; wherein, the first access message includes a first preamble; Send a response message; wherein, the response message contains the first parameter of the second device and the sequence number of the first preamble, so that the first device sends a second access message.

73. The second device according to claim 71 or 72, wherein, the second communication module is further configured to: Receive the second access message; wherein, the second access message contains a first identifier of the first device; Send an access confirmation message to the first device; wherein, the access confirmation message contains the first identifier, so that the first device determines that the initial access is successful.

74. The second device according to claim 73, wherein, the access confirmation message contains a second identifier assigned by the second device to the first device.

75. The second device according to claim 70 or 74, wherein, the second identifier is determined at least based on the first parameter of the second device.

76. The second device according to claim 73 or 74, wherein, When the number of bits of the first identifier is less than a first value, the second access message and / or the access confirmation message contains the first parameter of the second device.

77. A first device, comprising: A transceiver, a processor and a memory, the memory is used to store a computer program, the transceiver is used to communicate with other devices, and the processor is used to call and run the computer program stored in the memory, so that the first device executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

78. A second device, comprising: A transceiver, a processor, and a memory, the memory being configured to store a computer program, the transceiver being configured to communicate with other devices, and the processor being configured to call and run the computer program stored in the memory so that the second device executes the method according to any one of claims 21 to 38.

79. A chip, comprising: A processor configured to call and run a computer program from a memory, such that a device installed with the chip executes the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

80. A chip, comprising: A processor configured to call and run a computer program from a memory, such that a device installed with the chip executes the method according to any one of claims 21 to 38.

81. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which when run by a device causes the device to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

82. A computer-readable storage medium for storing a computer program, which when run by a device causes the device to execute the method according to any one of claims 21 to 38.

83. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions that cause a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

84. A computer program product comprising computer program instructions that cause a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 21 to 38.

85. A computer program that causes a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20.

86. A computer program that causes a computer to execute the method according to any one of claims 21 to 38.

87. A communication system, comprising: A first device configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 20; A second device configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 21 to 38.

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