A tank for co-precipitation

Abstract

The invention relates to a specific type of reactor (1) designed to perform chemical synthesis processes, for use in the production of cathode active materials for lithium-ion batteries.

Description

[0001] A TANK FOR CO-PRECIPITATION

[0002] TECHNICAL FIELD

[0003] The invention relates to a specific type of reactor designed to perform chemical synthesis processes, particularly for use in the production of cathode active materials for lithium-ion batteries.

[0004] BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION

[0005] Today, reactors are devices with a wide range of application areas. They are used in many fields, from nuclear energy production to the chemical industry, biotechnology, and materials science. Nuclear reactors are employed for generating electrical energy and are adopted as a clean and sustainable energy source by certain countries. In the chemical industry, reactors play a critical role in the production of industrial chemical products, contributing to the manufacturing of various items, including pharmaceuticals, plastics, petrochemical products, and food products. Bioreactors are utilized in biotechnology and pharmaceutical production to monitor and control cell cultures and microorganisms. Waste reactors ensure environmental protection in the management of hazardous chemical waste. In addition to all these application areas, reactors are also widely used in research and education.

[0006] Reactors for use in chemical and hydrometallurgical processes can be utilized across a wide range of applications, including chemical dissolution, precipitation, mixing, and heated mixing. Chemical dissolution reactors enable the separation or dissolution of materials through chemical reactions, playing a critical role in hydrometallurgical processes such as metal recovery or the extraction of chemical components. Similarly, precipitation reactors are used for precipitating or separating unwanted substances, while mixing reactors are essential for achieving a homogeneous mixture. Heated mixing reactors, on the other hand, are employed to accelerate reactions. All these processes are applied within the chemical and hydrometallurgical industries, where reactors serve as fundamental tools. Therefore, the invention is of significant importance in all areas where chemical and hydrometallurgical processes are conducted, as these reactors facilitate the efficient and effective execution of such processes.

[0007] The primary object of reactors used in the production of cathode active materials for lithium-ion batteries is to support the manufacturing of durable, efficient batteries with high energy density. These reactors are utilized to create a composition of lithium, cobalt, nickel, manganese, and other elements that constitute the main components of the cathode.

[0008] In the known art, a reactor used for the production of cathode active materials for lithium- ion batteries comprises a unit for continuously obtaining cathode active material precursor particles formed in a co-precipitation (simultaneous precipitation) reactor, in order to produce a cathode active material precursor for a secondary lithium battery from a multicomponent mixed metal salt solution such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, zirconium, etc. The reactor comprises a unit for obtaining the cathode active material precursor particles formed during this reaction; and a precipitation unit for removing alkali metal salt by-products. However, the failure to position dosing points separately causes clogging issues at the feeding inlet during the dosing processes.

[0009] The most fundamental issues encountered in known and applied practices are as follows:

[0010] • Lack of Flexibility: Conventional reactors are not designed to meet specific requirements of chemical reactions. They are not suitable for specific processes, especially like dosing, temperature control, and gas feeding.

[0011] • Instability: Chemical reactions require specific temperatures, pressures, and dosing levels. Conventional reactors may be unstable in meeting these requirements, making it difficult to achieve the desired reaction outcomes.

[0012] • Lack of Efficiency: If essential features such as homogeneous gas / air feeding or temperature control are absent, reaction efficiency may decrease, and the likelihood of producing undesired by-products may increase.

[0013] • Lack of Customizability: Operating conditions for chemical processes may vary, with each reaction having its unique requirements. Conventional reactors are not capable of adapting to these specific needs.

[0014] A preliminary patent search revealed the following documents. The PCT document WO2018221822A1 describes a reaction device and a method used for the production of a catalyst or cathode active material for lithium batteries. This device comprises a stirring mechanism with multi-step stirrers within a reaction chamber; and a raw material injection system comprising at least one injection nozzle. The device regulates a stirring speed by injecting a solution between the stirrers within at least one chamber, and minimizes concentration differences in the solution.

[0015] The PCT document US10593944B2 relates to a co-precipitation reactor for manufacturing a positive electrode active material precursor for a secondary lithium battery. This reactor comprises a reaction chamber having a plurality of suppliers configured to direct a reaction material and a pH adjusting material into the reaction chamber. The reactor further comprises a stirrer, a drive motor, and a stirring shaft. The reactor is also equipped with a first heater configured to heat an outside of the reaction chamber to heat the reaction material and the pH adjusting material; and a second heater configured to heat the material in the reaction chamber.

[0016] The document KR102444971 B1 refers to a reactor used for manufacturing cathode active materials for secondary batteries. Specifically, the invention describes the process of stirring crystal nuclei within the reactor, where the crystal nuclei actively move between the upper and lower layers, actively promoting their growth. This process increases the crystal diameter. Furthermore, this invention comprises a reaction device that allows the reactor to be controlled via wireless communication, thereby expanding the operational scope by the operator.

[0017] The document KR100887186B9 relates to a device and method for producing a cathode active material precursor for a secondary lithium battery, wherein the device comprises a particle separator capable of continuously separating the cathode active material precursor particles formed in a co-precipitation reactor, in order to produce a positive active material precursor for a secondary lithium battery from a multi-component mixed metal salt solution such as nickel, cobalt, manganese, aluminum, zirconium, etc. The device comprises a precipitation unit combined with a settling unit, which utilizes differences in solubility to remove alkali metal salt by-products from the waste solution generated during co-precipitation. In conclusion, all the aforementioned issues have made innovation in this field a necessity.

[0018] OBJECT OF THE INVENTION

[0019] The present invention aims to eliminate the aforementioned problems and introduce technical innovation in the relevant field.

[0020] The primary object of the invention is to provide a specific reactor design intended for use in the production of cathode active materials for lithium-ion batteries.

[0021] Another object of the invention is to enable its use in temperature-sensitive reactions due to its jacketed reactor design and its ability to maintain high temperature accuracy (±1°C).

[0022] A further object of the invention is to incorporate a homogeneous gas / air diffuser, which allows the system to deliver specific gases (SO2, CO2, O2, CO, H2S, N2, Ar) with precise control under positive pressure during the reaction.

[0023] Yet another object of the invention is to ensure a homogeneous mixture within the tank through a dual-blade stirrer.

[0024] Another object of the invention is to achieve a consistent feed above the solution level in the tank through a level-controlled dosing unit, based on the tank’s fill ratio.

[0025] A further object of the invention is to maintain balanced and homogeneous pH measurement within the system using an adjustable pH meter control.

[0026] Still another object of the invention is to position the dosing points separately to prevent clogging at the feeding inlet during a process that requires simultaneous acid-base dosing.

[0027] Some other object of the invention is to enable monitoring of parameters such as color transitions occurring during reactions, observation of reactions, mixing regimes, particle formation, and morphology during precipitation processes through a dual-sided observation window.

[0028] An additional object of the invention is to prevent the uncontrolled release of chemicals and gas content, thanks to its leak-proof structure.

[0029] A further object of the invention is to provide mobility to the reactor system by equipping the main legs with wheels, enabling the system to be transported to the desired operational area and ensuring operational flexibility.

[0030] Yet a further objective of the invention is to improve the spherical morphology of particles during precipitation reactions conducted within the reactor, thanks to its torispherical base.

[0031] An additional object of the invention is to coat the entire internal structure of the reactor system with PFA material, one of the most chemically resistant coatings.

[0032] Another object of the invention is to allow the use of liquid (water, chemical reagents) or steam as the heating agent within the reactor, due to the reactor’s double-walled design.

[0033] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0034] To achieve all the objectives mentioned above and detailed in the following description, the present invention provides a specific reactor designed for chemical synthesis processes to produce cathode active material for lithium-ion batteries, wherein the reactor comprises: a tank body which has an opening on one side and a base in the shape of a torispherical dome, in order to provide a space for bringing together, mixing, precipitating, and evenly distributing the reaction materials; a tank lid connected to the opening of the tank body; an inert gas feeding point on the tank lid for supplying an inert gas into the tank to prevent undesired reactions or material degradation, thereby preserving and maintaining the internal environment; a gas distribution pipe provided across the inert gas feeding point; a sleeve on the tank lid for providing a secure connection point between the external and internal environments of the co-precipitation tank; a pressure-regulated safety valve provided in the sleeve; a feeding shaft of the mixer assembly provided on the tank lid, which serves as a connection point; a mixer connection flange to mix liquids or materials within the tank homogeneously; a tank panel provided on the tank lid for performing maintenance or cleaning operations inside the tank without opening the tank lid; a feeding inlet provided on the tank lid for performing feeding process in connection with the level-adjustable product feeding assembly; a gasket bed provided on the tank lid so as to surround the feeding inlet to prevent possible liquid or gas leaks between the feeding inlet and the tank lid; a temperature sensor connected to the tank body; at least three tank legs connected to the tank body; a wheel connected to each tank leg; a brake connected to at least one of the wheels; a tank heating wall inlet and a tank heating wall outlet, which are provided on the tank body; a control valve provided on the tank body; a level-adjustable product feeding assembly connected to the tank lid, enabling the feed to be supplied through each channel at varying and different speeds, to prevent sedimentation at the end of the line in acid-base reactions and precipitation reactions and to ensure level control; a feeding pipe providing controlled transfer of chemicals passing through the feeding inlet; at least one feeding channel provided to extend through the feeding pipe, and a pH meter panel; a feeding beam connected to the feeding pipe to fix the feeding pipe; a bearing platform provided between the feeding pipe and the feeding beam; a height adjustment apparatus provided between the feeding pipe and feeding beam, in connection with the bearing platform, so as to move relative to a height adjustment pin to adjust the height of the bearing platform; a body joint provided between the feeding pipe and the motor bearing assembly; a mixer assembly of the co-precipitation tank, which is connected to the feeding shaft of the mixer assembly for the homogeneous distribution of materials inside the co-precipitation tank; a motor providing the required mechanical energy in the mixer assembly of the coprecipitation tank to rotate the mixer and ensure the homogeneous mixing of materials inside the reactor during the reaction; a frequency converter connected to the motor to adjust the mixing speed at the desired revolutions per minute (rpm) in the mixer assembly of the co-precipitation tank; a frequency shaft connected to the frequency converter and transmitting the rotational energy provided by the frequency converter to ensure the homogeneous mixing of materials inside the reactor; a feeding shaft of the mixer assembly connected to the frequency shaft; at least one propeller provided on the feeding shaft of the mixer assembly to ensure the homogeneous mixing of liquids; a fixing shaft of the bearing group that is connected to the frequency converter; at least one transparent observation point provided on the co-precipitation tank body for monitoring parameters such as color changes during the reaction, mixing regime, and the morphology of particle formation; a plate connected to the transparent observation point.

[0035] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, exterior of the co-precipitation tank is made of a stainless-steel material.

[0036] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, an inner surface of the co-precipitation tank is coated with PFA to ensure high resistance to various chemicals such as acids, bases, and organic compounds.

[0037] A further preferred embodiment of the invention comprises at least one motor with an adjustable rotational speed for eliminating the need for the frequency converter in the mixer assembly of the co-precipitation tank.

[0038] Another preferred embodiment of the invention uses at least three motor bearing shafts in the mixer assembly of the co-precipitation tank.

[0039] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, at least one propeller provided on the feeding shaft of the mixer assembly in connection with the feeding shaft of the mixer assembly to ensure the homogeneous mixing of the liquids is selected from the group consisting of Model A, Model B, Model C, and Model D, or a combination thereof.

[0040] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the Transparent Observation Point is made of a mica (plexiglass) material.

[0041] In a further preferred embodiment of the invention, the feeding inlet provided on the tank lid of the co-preci pitation tank and the gasket bed around the tank lid prevent liquid or gas leakage.

[0042] In another preferred embodiment of the invention, the feeding shaft of the mixer assembly is connected to the frequency shaft by means of a connecting pin that connects countersunk screws together, with one countersunk screw connected to the feeding shaft of the mixer assembly and the other to the frequency shaft, wherein the feeding shaft of the mixer assembly is positioned relative to the frequency shaft by an upper motor bearing coupling connected to the frequency shaft and by a lower motor bearing coupling connected to the feeding shaft of the mixer assembly.

[0043] BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] Figure 1 shows an isometric view of the Co-precipitation Tank.

[0045] Figure 2 shows a sectional view from the front isometric view of the Co-precipitation Tank.

[0046] Figure 3 shows the views of Model A, Model B, Model C, and Model D of the propellers.

[0047] Figure 4 shows the illustration of the tank lid of the Co-precipitation Tank.

[0048] Figure 5 shows a front-sectional view of the motor bearing assembly of the Co- precipitation Tank.

[0049] Figure 6 shows the section of the motor bearing assembly of the Co-precipitation Tank. Figure 7 shows the section of the feeding channel and pH meter panel of the Coprecipitation Tank.

[0050] Figure 8 shows the side view of the level-adjustable product feeding assembly of the Coprecipitation Tank.

[0051] Figure 9 shows the isometric view of the gas distribution pipe.

[0052] Figure 10 shows the view of the perforated pipe connected to the gas distribution pipe.

[0053] The drawings are not necessarily to scale, and certain details may have been omitted for clarity in understanding the present invention. Additionally, elements that are essentially the same or serve similar functions are assigned with the same reference numeral.

[0054] REFERENCE NUMERALS

[0055] 1. Co-Precipitation Tank

[0056] 2. Mixer assembly of the co-precipitation tank

[0057] 21. Motor

[0058] 22. Feeding shaft of the mixer assembly

[0059] 23. Frequency converter

[0060] 24. Propeller

[0061] 3. Level-adjustable product feeding assembly

[0062] 31. Feeding pipe

[0063] 32. Feeding channel

[0064] 33. pH meter panel

[0065] 34. Body joint

[0066] 35. Feeding beam

[0067] 36. Height adjustment apparatus

[0068] 37. Height adjustment pin

[0069] 38. Bearing platform

[0070] 4. Motor Bearing Assembly

[0071] 41. Frequency shaft

[0072] 42. Upper motor bearing coupling

[0073] 43. Lower motor bearing coupling

[0074] 44. Fixing pin of the bearing assembly 45. Connecting pin

[0075] 46. Countersunk bolt

[0076] 5. Tank body

[0077] 51. Tank legs

[0078] 52. Inner surface of the tank

[0079] 6. Tank lid

[0080] 61. Tank panel

[0081] 62. Inert gas feeding point

[0082] 63. Sleeve

[0083] 64. Mixer connection flange

[0084] 65. Feeding inlet

[0085] 66. Gasket bed

[0086] 7. Gas distribution pipe

[0087] 71. Perforated pipe

[0088] 72. Gas feeding pipe

[0089] 8. Transparent observation point

[0090] 9. Plate

[0091] 10. Temperature sensor

[0092] 11. Torispherical Dome

[0093] 12. Model A

[0094] 13. Model B

[0095] 14. Model C

[0096] 15. Model D

[0097] 16. Wheel

[0098] 161. Brake

[0099] 17. Tank heating wall inlet

[0100] 18. Tank heating wall outlet

[0101] 19. Pressure-regulated safety valve

[0102] 20. Control valve

[0103] DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0104] The detailed description provided for the Co-precipitation Tank (1) of the invention is presented with non-limiting examples solely for better understanding of the subject matter. The invention relates to a specifically designed reactor for use in the production of cathode active materials for lithium-ion batteries.

[0105] The invention, in its most basic form, is a reaction tank used for the production of cathode active materials for lithium-ion batteries, which: provides high sensitivity to temperature and pH thanks to a temperature sensor (10) and a pH meter panel (33), offers different mixing modes with various mixing blades, and has a hemispherical base (11), thereby enhancing particle morphology during the sphericalization stage of the precipitation reactions.

[0106] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the co-precipitation tank body (5) represents the main structure of the tank, which creates the environment for the primary reaction to occur. The tank body (5) contains the environment in which the reaction takes place and the reaction materials are combined, mixed, or precipitated. It represents an area within the co-precipitation tank (1), in which chemical processes are carried out, and the solution therein is evenly distributed.

[0107] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the motor (21) rotates the mixer to provide the required mechanical energy and ensures the homogeneous mixing of the materials inside the reactor during the reaction. This mechanical energy is essential for the effective mixing of the materials and the proper progression of the reaction.

[0108] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the co-precipitation tank lid (6) is equipped with a sealing system for preventing leaks and comprises special connection points that ensure the secure and stable mounting of accessories and equipment of the co- precipitation tank (1), such as motors. This design facilitates easy access to the interior of the co-precipitation tank (1), simplifying maintenance and assembly operations. Additionally, it is made of durable materials, offering resistance to the internal pressure, temperature, and chemical effects inside the co-precipitation tank (1). All these features provide flexibility and safety while protecting the contents of the co-precipitation tank (1).

[0109] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tank panel (61) allows the tank to be cleaned without opening the lid, providing a special access point for the maintenance or cleaning processes on the interior. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mixer assembly (2) of the co-precipitation tank is located on a single shaft with the aim of creating a homogeneous mixture at each point of the tank.

[0110] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the frequency converter (23) adjusts a mixing speed of the mixer assembly (2) of the co-precipitation tank at the desired revolutions per minute (rpm).

[0111] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly is connected to the frequency converter (23) and ensures the homogeneous mixing of the materials inside the reactor.

[0112] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the frequency shaft (41) transmits the variable frequency electrical signal generated by the frequency converter (23) to the motor shaft to control the motor speed, thereby determining the speed of the motor (21).

[0113] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the motor bearing assembly (4) is designed to secure and support the motor.

[0114] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the upper motor bearing coupling (42) and the lower motor bearing coupling (43) in the motor bearing assembly allow the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly to be supported and fixed to the frequency shaft (41).

[0115] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the countersunk bolt (46) in the motor bearing assembly (4) enables fixation and security of the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly to the frequency shaft (41) via the upper motor bearing coupling (42) and the lower motor bearing coupling (43).

[0116] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the fixing shaft (44) of the motor bearing assembly is used to fix the motor bearing assembly (4) to the co-precipitation tank (1).

[0117] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, a connection pin (45) is used to connect the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly to the countersunk bolt (46) that is connected to the frequency shaft provided in the motor bearing assembly (4). This allows the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly to rotate synchronously with the frequency shaft (41). Since the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly and the frequency shaft (41) can be dismounted, the frequency converter (23) and / or the motor (21) can be replaced and / or disassembled for maintenance without removing the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly from the co-precipitation tank (1).

[0118] A preferred embodiment of the invention comprises at least one level-adjustable product feeding assembly (3). The level-adjustable product feeding assembly (3) has four different dosing units and points. This system prevents the sedimentation occurring at the end of the line in acid-base and precipitation reactions, and through level control, it can determine the liquid contact condition of the chemical to be dosed. Additionally, the angles of the dosing points allow the process to be easily managed during feeding. This system ensures the precise dosing of chemicals and optimizes the reaction process, offering a more efficient production process.

[0119] A preferred embodiment of the invention comprises at least one feeding channel (32). Chemicals dosed through the feeding channel (32) are delivered to the preferred feeding pipe (31) in a preferred amount and at a preferred time.

[0120] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the feeding pipe (31) enables the controlled delivery of chemical substances.

[0121] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the body joint (34) used to fix the feeding pipe (31) and feeding channel (32) provides stabilization and structural support at a specific location.

[0122] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the feeding beam (35) serves as a bearing element supporting the feeding pipe (31) and feeding channel (32).

[0123] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the height adjustment apparatus (36) is connected to the body joint (34) and provided as a mechanism used to increase or decrease the height. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the height adjustment pin (37) serves as a stabilizer for the height adjustment apparatus (36).

[0124] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the bearing platform (38) ensures the support and stabilization of the feeding channels (32) and the feeding pipe (31).

[0125] A preferred embodiment of the invention comprises at least one transparent observation point (38). The transparent observation point (8) allows the reactions and mixing regimes to be monitored. The transparent observation point (8) enables the observation of color changes occurring during the reaction. Additionally, it facilitates tracking parameters such as the mixing regime and particle formation, as well as their morphology. Its dual-sided design allows for the observation of the reaction process from different angles, enabling a detailed examination of the reaction. This feature makes it easier to track and understand the process by allowing visual monitoring of the reactions and mixtures.

[0126] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the plate (9) connected to the transparent observation point (8) is used to monitor and control the processes inside the coprecipitation tank (1), while also securing and protecting the transparent observation point (8).

[0127] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the inert gas feeding point (62) on the tank lid (6) enables introduction of an inert gas into the co-precipitation tank (1) to prevent unwanted reactions or material degradation therein, thus maintaining and balancing the internal environment.

[0128] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the sleeve (63) on the tank lid (6) provides a safe connection point between the external environment and the internal environment of the co-precipitation tank (1), ensuring leak-tightness.

[0129] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the mixer connection flange (64) on the tank lid (6) serves as a connection point. Through this connection point, the feeding shaft of the mixer assembly can effectively mix the liquids or materials inside the tank homogenously. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the feeding inlet (65) on the tank lid (6) is connected to the level-adjustable product feeding assembly (3) for feeding. The feeding pipe (31) passes through the feeding inlet (65).

[0130] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the gasket bed (66) surrounding the feeding inlet (65) on the tank lid (6) is used to prevent any liquid or gas leaks that may occur between the feeding inlet (65) and the tank lid (6), thereby ensuring leak-tightness.

[0131] The gas distribution pipe (7) illustrated in Figure 8 is a system designed to evenly distribute gases and air into the reactor through a specially designed diffuser. Said gas distribution pipe (7) ensures the homogeneous flow of the desired chemical gas within the co-preci pitation tank (1). As illustrated in Figure 9, the perforated pipe (71) connected to the gas distribution pipe (7) provides a uniform distribution through the gas feeding openings thereon. Gas feeding openings, i.e. nozzles, are capable of generating micronized air bubbles. Additionally, due to the positioning of the gas outlet diffuser, the system is designed to prevent the entry of particles. This ensures the homogeneous distribution of gas and air within the co-precipitation tank (1) while preventing the unwanted entry of particles. The gas distribution pipe (7) is connected to the inert gas feeding point (62) on the tank lid (6), facilitating gas entry into the co-precipitation tank (1).

[0132] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pH meter panel (33) is mobile so as to be capable of measuring at any point within the tank. This capability allows for monitoring and tracking the pH levels in pH-controlled reaction systems. Since the pH meter panel (33) is movable, it enables pH measurements to be taken at different points during any stage of the reaction. This ensures continuous control over changes in pH levels and the progress of the reaction.

[0133] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, inner surface (52) of the tank comprises a PFA (Perfluoroalkoxy) coating. Said coating makes the inner surface of the co- precipitation tank (1) chemically resistant. The coating also provides high durability against various chemicals, including acids, bases, and organic compounds. This feature allows for the safe execution of different chemical reactions within the co-precipitation tank (1) under atmospheric conditions. Additionally, the coating offers high corrosion and wear resistance, enabling the tank to operate with a wide range of chemicals. In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the tank legs (51) provides the stability of the co-preci pitation tank (1) by supporting its weight and maintaining it in the correct position, providing a solid foundation for the tank.

[0134] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the wheel (16) provides portability and operational flexibility to the co-precipitation tank (1). This feature allows the coprecipitation tank (1) to be easily moved to a desired working area. Thanks to its mobility, the co-precipitation tank (1) can be easily moved and placed between different processing or working areas. The wheel (16) structure offers flexibility to quickly and practically respond to operational needs, making the use of the co-precipitation tank (1) easier and more efficient.

[0135] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the brake (161) is connected to the wheel (16) for controlling and stopping the movement of the tank. This brake (161) allows movement of the tank to be stopped at the desired position, maintaining control over its movement to safely stop or move the tank.

[0136] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the heating wall of the co-precipitation tank (1) is provided within the tank as the tank heating wall inlet (17) and tank heating wall outlet (18), facilitating the entry and exit of the fluid in order to heat or cool the co-precipitation tank (1). The volume of this section is approximately 13 liters. The tank heating wall provides a sufficient interface volume to allow the fluid to circulate, ensuring the system’s thermal balance. This enables the fluid to circulate homogeneously within the co- precipitation tank (1) and helps maintain the desired temperature values. Additionally, it assists in efficiently achieving the thermal changes required to maintain the fluid at a specific temperature level. These features enable the desired heating conditions to be achieved in the system while keeping the fluid circulation balanced.

[0137] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the temperature sensor (10) is a measurement tool used in jacketed reactors for reactions requiring high precision. The temperature sensor (10) is designed to measure and control a temperature of a liquid or material inside the reactor during the reaction. It operates with a narrow precision range of ±1°C. The temperature sensor (10) may be of various types, such as thermocouples or resistance thermometers, and is integrated with thermostats or automatic control systems to help maintain the reaction within the desired temperature range. The use of the temperature sensor (10) ensures the reaction process proceeds in a stable and reliable manner, enabling control over reactions sensitive to temperature fluctuations.

[0138] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the control valve (20) manages and regulates the pressure inside the tank, maintaining or adjusting the desired pressure levels.

[0139] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the propeller (24) is used to ensure the homogeneous mixing of liquids in the co-precipitation tank (1). The propeller (24) is provided on the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly in a rotatable manner to facilitate the uniform blending of liquids, thereby adjusting the mixture. The blade design of the propeller (24) is specifically crafted to ensure the reaction proceeds at the desired speed and uniformity. It features a dual-blade structure to effectively mix the material and regulate its flow.

[0140] In an embodiment of the invention, the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly comprises at least one propeller (24). In a preferred embodiment, two propellers (24) are used, which are selected from models A (12), B (13), C (14), or D (15), or combinations thereof.

[0141] In an alternative embodiment, model A (12) performs the mixing process by pushing or pulling the mixture vertically relative to the tank body (5), thereby creating a homogeneous mixture.

[0142] In another alternative embodiment, model B (13) performs the mixing process by pushing or pulling the mixture vertically relative to the tank body (5), thereby creating a homogeneous mixture. Due to having more blades than model A (12), it conducts a mixing process at a larger volume compared to model A.

[0143] In an alternative embodiment of the invention, model C (14) performs the mixing process by pushing the mixture horizontally relative to the tank body (5), thereby creating a homogeneous mixture. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, model D (15) performs the mixing process by either pushing or pulling the mixture horizontally relative to the tank body (5), thereby creating a homogeneous mixture. Due to its smaller blades compared to model C (14), model D encounters less resistance and achieves a higher rotational acceleration compared to model C.

[0144] In a preferred embodiment of the invention, the pressure-regulated safety valve (19) is used to ensure safety in cases of possible excessive pressure in the system. It is designed to control excess pressure that may occur in the coprecipitation tank (1). The pressure- regulated safety valve (19) is activated when a specific pressure level is reached, releasing excess pressure and thus preventing the system from being damaged due to overpressure.

[0145] In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the pressure-regulated safety valve (19) consists of a system with pressure control. This eliminates the need to use individual safety valves for each different operation in the co-precipitation tank (1), allowing a single regulated safety valve (19) to be utilized for various processes.

[0146] A preferred embodiment of the invention comprises a torispherical dome (11). The torispherical dome (11) is designed to improve particle morphology in precipitation reactions within the reactor. It supports the formation of spherical particle morphology, ensuring the homogeneity and desired shape of the product.

[0147] The scope of the invention as defined by the attached claims is not limited to the examples detailed in this description. It is evident that a person skilled in the art could apply similar embodiments without departing from the main concept of the invention, based on the explanations provided above.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A specific reactor designed to perform chemical synthesis processes for the production of cathode active materials for lithium-ion batteries, characterized by comprising: a tank body (5) which has an opening on one side and a base in the shape of a torispherical dome (11), in order to provide a space for bringing together, mixing, precipitating, and evenly distributing the reaction materials; a tank lid (6) connected to the opening of the tank body (5); an inert gas feeding point (62) on the tank lid for supplying an inert gas into the tank to prevent undesired reactions or material degradation, thereby preserving and maintaining the internal environment; a gas distribution pipe (7) provided across the inert gas feeding point (62); at least one perforated pipe (71) with at least one gas feeding opening (72), which is connected to the gas distribution pipe; a sleeve (63) on the tank lid (6) for providing a secure connection point between the external and internal environments of the co-precipitation tank (1); a pressure-regulated safety valve (19) provided in the sleeve (63); a feeding shaft of the mixer assembly provided on the tank lid (6), which serves as a connection point, a mixer connection flange (64) to mix liquids or materials within the tank homogeneously; a tank panel (61) provided on the tank lid (6) for performing maintenance or cleaning operations inside the tank without opening the tank lid (6); a feeding inlet (65) provided on the tank lid (6) for performing feeding process in connection with the level-adjustable product feeding assembly (3); a gasket bed (66) provided on the tank lid (6) so as to surround the feeding inlet (65) to prevent possible liquid or gas leaks between the feeding inlet (65) and the tank lid (6); a temperature sensor (10) connected to the tank body (5); at least three tank legs (51) connected to the tank body (5); a wheel (16) connected to each tank leg (51);a brake (161) connected to at least one of the wheels; a tank heating wall inlet (17) and a tank heating wall outlet (18), which are provided on the tank body (5); a control valve (20) provided on the tank body (5); a level-adjustable product feeding assembly (3) connected to the tank lid, enabling the feed to be supplied through each channel at varying and different speeds, to prevent sedimentation at the end of the line in acidbase reactions and precipitation reactions and to ensure level control; a feeding pipe (31) providing controlled transfer of chemicals passing through the feeding inlet (65); at least one feeding channel (32) provided to extend through the feeding pipe, and a pH meter panel (33); a feeding beam (35) connected to the feeding pipe to fix the feeding pipe (31); a bearing platform (38) provided between the feeding pipe (31) and the feeding beam; a height adjustment apparatus (36) provided between the feeding pipe (31) and feeding beam (35), in connection with the bearing platform, so as to move relative to a height adjustment pin (37) to adjust the height of the bearing platform; a body joint (34) provided between the feeding pipe and the motor bearing assembly; a mixer assembly (2) of the co-precipitation tank, which is connected to the feeding shaft of the mixer assembly for the homogeneous distribution of materials inside the co-precipitation tank (1); a motor (23) providing the required mechanical energy in the mixer assembly (2) of the co-precipitation tank to rotate the mixer and ensure the homogeneous mixing of materials inside the reactor during the reaction; a frequency converter (23) connected to the motor (21) to adjust the mixing speed at the desired revolutions per minute (rpm) in the mixer assembly of the co-precipitation tank (1); a frequency shaft (41) connected to the frequency converter (23) and transmitting the rotational energy provided by the frequency converter to ensure the homogeneous mixing of materials inside the reactor;a feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly connected to the frequency shaft; at least one propeller (24) provided on the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly to ensure the homogeneous mixing of liquids; a fixing shaft (44) of the bearing group that is connected to the frequency converter; at least one transparent observation point (6) provided on the coprecipitation tank body (2) for monitoring parameters such as color changes during the reaction, mixing regime, and the morphology of particle formation; a plate (9) connected to the transparent observation point (8).

2. A co-precipitation tank (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that exterior of the co-precipitation tank (1) is made of a stainless-steel material.

3. A co-precipitation tank (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that an inner surface (52) of the co-precipitation tank (1) is coated with PFA to ensure high resistance to various chemicals such as acids, bases, and organic compounds.

4. A co-precipitation tank (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the tank comprises at least one motor (21) with an adjustable rotational speed for eliminating the need for the frequency converter (23) in the mixer assembly (2) of the co-precipitation tank.

5. A co-precipitation tank (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that at least three motor bearing shafts are used in the mixer assembly (2) of the co- precipitation tank.

6. A co-precipitation tank (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that at least one propeller (24) provided on the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly in connection with the feeding shaft of the mixer assembly to ensure the homogeneous mixing of the liquids is selected from the group consisting of Model A (12), Model B (13), Model C (14), and Model D (15), or a combination thereof.

7. A co-precipitation tank (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the Transparent Observation Point (8) is made of a mica (plexiglass) material.

8. A co-precipitation tank (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the feeding inlet (65) provided on the tank lid (6) of the co-precipitation tank (1) and the gasket bed (66) around the tank lid (65) prevent liquid or gas leakage.

9. A co-precipitation tank (1) according to claim 1 , characterized in that the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly is connected to the frequency shaft by means of a connecting pin that connects countersunk bolts (46) together, with one countersunk bolt (46) connected to the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly and the other countersunk bolt (46) to the frequency shaft, wherein the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly is positioned relative to the frequency shaft (41) by an upper motor bearing coupling (42) connected to the frequency shaft (41) and by a lower motor bearing coupling (43) connected to the feeding shaft (22) of the mixer assembly.

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