Coal mine multi-cycle alternating stress fault simulation experiment device

Abstract

A coal mine multi-cycle alternating stress fault simulation experiment device, comprising a supporting frame, a base being fixed to the middle portion of the supporting frame, a plurality of baffles being distributed on the base in the circumferential direction, a downward cover plate telescopic cylinder being provided on the supporting frame, and a cover plate being fixed to the tail end of a piston rod of the cover plate telescopic cylinder. A cylindrical coal mine sample is placed into the circular cavity defined by the baffles, and the cover plate can be pressed firmly against the sample by means of the cover plate telescopic cylinder. Compared with the prior art, the present invention can simulate geological conditions in a laboratory and serves as an important tool for in-depth study of the mechanism of rock fault deformation, thus having an important practical application value for prevention of geological disasters, safety evaluation of engineering design, etc.

Description

A coal mine multi-cycle alternating stress fault simulation experimental device Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of geological test devices, in particular to a coal mine multi-cycle alternating stress fault simulation test device. Background Art

[0002] The background technology of the coal mine fault simulation experimental device involves knowledge in the fields of geological disaster research, rock and soil mechanics, and coal mine engineering. Geological disasters such as fault slip and earthquakes have a significant impact on coal mine safety. Simulating the deformation of coal mine faults under these disaster conditions is key to understanding their mechanisms and predicting the probability of disaster occurrence. In coal mine engineering, understanding the mechanical properties of the strata is of great significance for designing support structures and preventing fault slip. Fault mechanics studies the formation, evolution, and slip mechanisms of faults, providing a theoretical basis for predicting and preventing geological disasters. In underground coal mines, rock formations are often subjected to multi-directional and multi-cyclic alternating stresses, such as from earthquakes and coal mining. Understanding the laws of rock deformation under these complex stress conditions is crucial to coal mine safety. Developing a realistic and reliable experimental simulation plan is a key step in geological engineering research. The coal mine fault simulation experimental device uses mechanical, electrical, and other technologies, and through reasonable design, it can simulate the fault conditions in underground coal mines.

[0003] Existing technologies still have some shortcomings: Although the equipment can simulate underground coal mine conditions to a certain extent, there are still certain differences between laboratory environments and actual geological environments. Insufficient experimental conditions may result in experimental results that do not accurately reflect the actual geological scene in some cases. Complex geological simulation experiments are generally time-consuming, especially when conducting multi-cycle, multi-directional alternating stress experiments. This poses a significant challenge for research requiring large datasets or real-time results.

[0004] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a coal mine multi-cycle alternating stress fault simulation experimental device to solve the problems raised in the above background technology. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0006] A coal mine multi-cycle alternating stress fault simulation experimental device includes a bracket, a base is fixed in the middle of the bracket, a plurality of baffles are distributed circumferentially on the base, a downward-facing cover plate telescopic cylinder is provided on the bracket, and a cover plate is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the cover plate telescopic cylinder.

[0007] Furthermore, as a preference, a lifting ring is provided outside the ring formed by the baffles, the lifting ring is hinged to the back of each baffle through a plurality of connecting rods, and both sides of the lifting ring are connected to the bracket through lifting cylinders.

[0008] Furthermore, as a preference, the connecting rod is divided into two sections of a retractable lower rod and an upper rod, the lower end of the lower rod is hinged to the lifting ring, one side of the lower rod is rotatably connected to an eccentric wheel, the upper end of the upper rod is hinged to the baffle, and the side of the upper rod is connected to a top block.

[0009] Furthermore, preferably, a pair of bevel gear sets are provided on the side of each lower rod away from the eccentric wheel, wherein one bevel gear in the bevel gear set is fixedly connected to the eccentric wheel, and the other bevel gear is rotatably connected to the lifting ring and fixedly connected to a spur gear.

[0010] Furthermore, preferably, the outer periphery of the lifting ring is rotatably connected to a ring of inner gear, the inner gear is engaged with each spur gear, and a drive motor is provided above one side of the lifting ring, the drive motor can drive the inner gear to rotate.

[0011] Furthermore, as a preference, a lifting spring is connected between the lower rod and the upper rod, and the lifting spring enables the top block to always fit with the eccentric wheel.

[0012] Furthermore, preferably, the top block is telescopically connected to the side surface of the upper rod.

[0013] Furthermore, as a preference, an electromagnet is fixed inside the upper rod, which can adsorb the top block and retract it into the side of the upper rod when energized, and a return spring is also connected between the top block and the upper rod, which allows the top block to extend out of the side of the upper rod in a natural state.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0015] Simulating real geological environment: This device can simulate multi-cycle and multi-directional alternating stress conditions in underground coal mines, more realistically reflecting the deformation and stress response of faults under geological conditions, and providing a reliable reference for actual engineering.

[0016] Providing a complex stress field: The device controls the rotation of the inner ring through the drive motor to achieve periodic stress on the baffle, so that the sample is subjected to stress of different periods in multiple directions, thereby more comprehensively simulating the complex stress field in underground coal mines.

[0017] Real-time control of stress direction: Through the combination of electromagnets and return springs, stress can be applied to the sample in different directions under real-time control, providing flexibility for simulating specific geological conditions and conducting sophisticated experiments.

[0018] Accurately control the confining pressure: The cover plate telescopic cylinder can accurately adjust the pressure of the cover plate on the sample, providing reliable confining pressure conditions to ensure the accuracy and repeatability of the experimental results. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] FIG1 is a schematic structural diagram of a coal mine multi-cycle alternating stress fault simulation experimental device;

[0020] Figure 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the lifting ring;

[0021] Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a connecting rod;

[0022] Figure 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the side surface of the connecting rod;

[0023] In the figure: 1. bracket; 2. base; 3. baffle; 4. cover; 5. cover telescopic cylinder; 6. lifting ring; 7. lifting cylinder; 8. connecting rod; 81. lower rod; 82. upper rod; 83. lifting spring; 84. top block; 85. return spring; 86. electromagnet; 9. eccentric wheel; 10. bevel gear set; 11. spur gear; 12. inner ring gear; 13. drive motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] Referring to Figure 1, an embodiment of the present invention shows a multi-cycle alternating stress fault simulation experimental apparatus in a coal mine. The apparatus comprises a support 1, with a base 2 fixed to its center. Multiple baffles 3 are arranged around the circumference of the base 2. A downward-facing cover plate telescopic cylinder 5 is mounted on the support 1, with a cover plate 4 fixed to the end of the piston rod of the cylinder 5. A cylindrical coal sample is placed within the ring formed by the baffles 3, and the cover plate telescopic cylinder 5 compresses the sample against the cover plate 4.

[0025] Referring to Figure 2 , in this embodiment, a lifting ring 6 is provided outside the annular area formed by the baffles 3. The lifting ring 6 is hingedly connected to the back of each baffle 3 via multiple connecting rods 8. Both sides of the lifting ring 6 are connected to the bracket 1 via lifting cylinders 7. Lifting the lifting ring 6 via the lifting cylinders 7 compresses the sample within the baffles 3, thereby providing an initial confining pressure.

[0026] Referring to Figure 3 , in this embodiment, the connecting rod 8 is divided into two retractable sections: a lower rod 81 and an upper rod 82. The lower end of the lower rod 81 is hinged to the lifting ring 6. An eccentric wheel 9 is rotatably connected to one side of the lower rod 81. The upper end of the upper rod 82 is hinged to the baffle 3. A top block 84 is connected to the side of the upper rod 82. When the eccentric wheel 9 rotates, it pushes the upper rod 82 to slightly extend and retract, causing the corresponding baffle 3 to apply periodic stress to the sample.

[0027] Please refer to Figures 2 and 4. In this embodiment, a pair of bevel gear sets 10 are provided on the side of each lower rod 81 away from the eccentric wheel 9. One bevel gear in the bevel gear set 10 is fixedly connected to the eccentric wheel 9, and the other bevel gear is rotatably connected to the lifting ring 6 and fixedly connected to a spur gear 11.

[0028] In this embodiment, the lifting ring 6 is rotatably connected to an inner ring gear 12, which meshes with each spur gear 11. A drive motor 13 is also provided above one side of the lifting ring 6 to rotate the inner ring gear 12. The rotation of the inner ring gear 12 by the drive motor 13 causes each eccentric wheel 9 to rotate. By adjusting the periodic changes of the drive motor 13, alternating stresses in multiple directions can be generated in the sample to simulate the sample being subjected to complex forces in multiple directions.

[0029] In addition, in this embodiment, the drive motor 13 is arranged directly above one of the lifting cylinders 7, which can improve the stability of the lifting ring 6 and prevent the lifting ring 6 from generating large vibrations.

[0030] Please refer to FIG. 3 . In this embodiment, a lifting spring 83 is connected between the lower rod 81 and the upper rod 82 . The lifting spring 83 enables the top block 84 to always fit with the eccentric wheel 9 .

[0031] In this embodiment, the top block 84 is telescopically connected to the side of the upper rod 82. When the top block 84 is retracted into the side of the upper rod 82, the eccentric wheel 9 will not be able to push the upper rod 82 to extend or retract, thereby being able to select in which directions the stress is applied to the sample.

[0032] In this embodiment, an electromagnet 86 is fixed within the upper rod 82. When energized, the electromagnet 86 attracts the top block 84, causing it to retract into the side of the upper rod 82. A return spring 85 is also connected between the top block 84 and the upper rod 82. In its natural state, the return spring 85 allows the top block 84 to extend out of the side of the upper rod 82. In other words, the extension and retraction of the top block 84 can be controlled by turning the electromagnet 86 on and off, thereby enabling real-time control of the application of stress in different directions on the sample.

[0033] During specific implementation, the cylindrical coal mine sample is placed in the ring surrounded by the baffle to ensure that the sample is located in the center of the device. By controlling the cover plate expansion and contraction cylinder, the cover plate is tightly pressed against the sample to provide a certain downward force. The height of the lifting ring is controlled by the lifting cylinder to provide the initial confining pressure. By controlling the drive motor and adjusting the rotation speed of the inner gear ring, the eccentric wheel is periodically driven to generate the multi-cycle alternating stress required for the sample. By controlling the on and off power of the electromagnet and adjusting the expansion and contraction of the top block, stress is applied to the sample in different directions. During the experiment, appropriate sensors and instruments are used to monitor the deformation, stress response and other data of the sample for scientific experimental analysis. After the experiment, the confining pressure is gradually reduced, the drive motor is stopped, the components are returned to their initial state, and the equipment is safely shut down.

[0034] The above is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with this technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solutions and inventive concepts of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-cycle alternating stress fault simulation experimental device for coal mines, comprising a bracket (1), characterized in that, A base (2) is fixed in the middle of the bracket (1). A plurality of baffles (3) are circumferentially distributed on the base (2). A downward cover telescopic cylinder (5) is provided on the bracket (1), and a cover (4) is fixed to the end of the piston rod of the cover telescopic cylinder (5).

2. The multi-cycle alternating stress fault simulation experimental device for coal mines according to claim 1, characterized in that, An elevating ring (6) is provided outside the ring formed by the baffles (3). The elevating ring (6) is respectively hinged to the back of each baffle (3) through a plurality of connecting rods (8). Both sides of the elevating ring (6) are connected to the bracket (1) through elevating cylinders (7).

3. A coal mine multi-cycle alternating stress fault simulation experiment device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The connecting rod (8) is divided into two telescopic lower rods (81) and upper rods (82). The lower end of the lower rod (81) is hinged to the elevating ring (6). An eccentric wheel (9) is rotatably connected to one side of the lower rod (81). The upper end of the upper rod (82) is hinged to the baffle (3), and a top block (84) is connected to the side of the upper rod (82).

4. A coal mine multi-cycle alternating stress fault simulation experimental device according to claim 3, characterized in that A pair of bevel gear sets (10) are provided on one side of each lower rod (81) away from the eccentric wheel (9). One bevel gear in the bevel gear set (10) is fixedly connected to the eccentric wheel (9), and the other bevel gear is rotatably connected to the elevating ring (6) and fixedly connected to a spur gear (11).

5. A coal mine multi-cycle alternating stress fault simulation experimental device according to claim 4, characterized in that An inner gear ring (12) is rotatably connected to the periphery of the elevating ring (6). The inner gear ring (11) meshes with each spur gear (11). A driving motor (13) is further provided above one side of the elevating ring (6), and the driving motor (13) can drive the inner gear ring (12) to rotate.

6. A simulation experimental device for multi-cycle alternating stress faults in coal mines according to claim 3, characterized in that A lifting spring (83) is connected between the lower rod (81) and the upper rod (82), and the lifting spring (83) enables the top block (84) to always be in contact with the eccentric wheel (9).

7. A simulation experimental device for multi-cycle alternating stress faults in coal mines according to claim 3, characterized in that, The top block (84) is telescopically connected to the side of the upper rod (82).

8. A simulation experimental device for multi-cycle alternating stress faults in coal mines according to claim 7, characterized in that, An electromagnet (86) is fixed inside the upper rod (82). When the electromagnet (86) is energized, it can adsorb the top block (84) to retract the top block (84) into the side of the upper rod (82). A return spring (85) is further connected between the top block (84) and the upper rod (82), and the return spring (85) enables the top block (84) to extend out of the side of the upper rod (82) in the natural state.

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