Fully automatic laser filler wire welding method

Abstract

A fully automatic laser filler wire welding method, comprising a fully automatic laser filler wire welding apparatus. The method comprises: S1, one / two positioning feeding mechanisms (2) loading door ring parts to be welded; S2, a conveying mechanism conveying the one / two positioning feeding mechanisms to a welding station; and S3, a wire pushing unit (35) feeding a welding wire, and a welding unit performing welding of the door ring parts at the welding station. The method allows for welding of two-piece, three-piece, four-piece, five-piece and six-piece door ring parts, and enables products from the two positioning feeding mechanisms to be welded simultaneously or alternately, thereby improving the welding efficiency; in addition, automatic feeding of the welding wire can be achieved, and adjustment of the straightness of a sliding rail can be facilitated.

Description

A fully automatic laser wire-filling welding method Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of welding equipment, and in particular to a full-automatic laser wire-filling welding equipment and a welding method. Background Art

[0002] During the production process of stamped door rings, multiple components need to be welded, which may be two, three, four, five or six parts. The existing door ring welding equipment has only one set of welding guns and can only weld one product at a time; secondly, the welding drive mechanism of the existing equipment is driven by a screw rod or a linear motor. Because the screw rod is long, it is easy to shake during welding, affecting the welding accuracy; the linear motor is expensive and easily collects dust during the welding process, resulting in a high failure rate of the linear motor and difficult maintenance; in addition, the existing transmission guide rail and the machine table are inconvenient to adjust the straightness, which directly affects the use of the equipment and the welding accuracy and efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem solved by the present invention is to provide a fully automatic laser wire-filling welding device and a welding method.

[0004] To solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides a fully automatic laser wire welding device, comprising a transmission mechanism, two sets of positioning and feeding mechanisms arranged at both ends of the transmission mechanism, a welding mechanism arranged in the middle of the transmission mechanism, and a liquid cargo control console arranged outside the transmission mechanism;

[0005] The transmission mechanism includes a transmission frame arranged along the X-axis direction, two transmission slide rails arranged on both sides of the transmission frame, a plurality of transmission wedge blocks evenly distributed between the transmission frame and the transmission slide rails, a slider connected to one of the transmission slide rails, a carrier plate group connected to the slider, a transmission bevel rack connected to the slider, a transmission gear group driving the transmission bevel rack to slide along the transmission slide rail, a transmission motor driving the transmission gear group to rotate, and a positioning sensor arranged below the welding mechanism; both sides of the carrier plate group are respectively slidably matched with the two transmission slide rails, the positioning feeding mechanism is installed on the carrier plate group, and the transmission motor is installed below the carrier plate group;

[0006] The welding mechanism includes a gantry, two groups of X-axis modules arranged on the gantry, two groups of Y-axis modules respectively slidingly matched with the two groups of X-axis modules, two groups of Z-axis modules respectively slidingly matched with the Y-axis modules, welding units respectively arranged at the output ends of the Z-axis modules, and a wire pushing unit arranged on one side of the welding unit; the welding unit includes a welding mounting seat connected to the output end of the Z-axis module, an L-shaped rotating mounting seat connected to the welding mounting seat, a rotating mounting seat arranged on the L-shaped rotating mounting seat, a welding rotating shaft arranged in the rotating mounting seat, a first bevel gear arranged at the top of the welding rotating shaft, a second bevel gear meshing with the first bevel gear, and a second bevel gear driving the second bevel gear to rotate A rotating motor, a laser gun head arranged at the bottom of the welding rotating shaft and a weld detection camera arranged outside the laser gun head; the wire pushing unit includes a wire pushing mounting plate, a wire reel arranged on the wire pushing mounting plate, a rear wire pushing machine arranged above the wire reel, a front wire pushing machine arranged on the inner side of the L-shaped rotating mounting seat, a wire guide rack arranged on the Z-axis module, a horizontal mounting bracket arranged at the lower part of the laser gun head, a weld tracking device arranged at one end of the horizontal mounting bracket and two groups of wire nozzle feeders arranged on the horizontal mounting bracket, the two groups of wire nozzle feeders are respectively located on both sides of the laser gun head, and the weld tracking device and the two groups of wire nozzle feeders can slide along the horizontal mounting bracket respectively.

[0007] Furthermore, the Y-axis module includes a Y-axis mounting frame, an upper Y-axis guide rail and a lower Y-axis guide rail arranged on the Y-axis mounting frame, a Z-axis base plate slidingly matched with the upper Y-axis guide rail and the lower Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis bevel rack arranged on the inner side of the upper Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis drive motor arranged on the Z-axis base plate, and a Y-axis bevel gear group arranged at the output end of the Y-axis drive motor and meshing with the Y-axis bevel rack; a Z-axis connecting plate is provided on one side of the Z-axis base plate, and a plurality of Y-axis oil nozzle groups for spraying oil toward the Y-axis bevel gear group are provided on the Z-axis connecting plate, and a plurality of detachable Y-axis wedge blocks are evenly distributed between the upper Y-axis guide rail and the lower Y-axis guide rail and the Y-axis mounting frame respectively.

[0008] Furthermore, the Z-axis module includes a Z-axis connecting plate arranged on the Z-axis base plate, two Z-axis guide grooves arranged on the Z-axis connecting plate, Z-axis slide rails respectively arranged in the Z-axis guide grooves, a Z-axis sliding plate connected to the Z-axis slide rails, a screw rod group arranged on the inner side of the Z-axis sliding plate, a Z-axis top plate arranged on the top of the Z-axis connecting plate, and a Z-axis motor arranged on the Z-axis top plate to drive the screw rod group to rotate, and the welding mounting base is connected to the Z-axis sliding plate.

[0009] Furthermore, the X-axis module includes an X-axis mounting frame, an inner X-axis guide rail and an outer X-axis guide rail arranged on the X-axis mounting frame, a Y-axis base plate slidingly matched with the inner X-axis guide rail and the outer X-axis guide rail, an X-axis bevel rack arranged on the inner side of the inner X-axis guide rail or the outer X-axis guide rail, an X-axis drive motor arranged on the Y-axis base plate, and an X-axis bevel gear set arranged at the output end of the X-axis drive motor and meshing with the X-axis bevel rack.

[0010] Furthermore, a number of detachable X-axis wedge blocks are evenly distributed between the inner X-axis guide rail and the outer X-axis guide rail and the X-axis mounting frame, and a number of the X-axis wedge blocks and the X-axis bevel racks are respectively located on both sides of the inner X-axis guide rail / outer X-axis guide rail; a Y-axis connecting plate is provided on one side of the Y-axis base plate, and a plurality of X-axis oil nozzle groups for spraying oil toward the X-axis bevel gear group are provided on the Y-axis connecting plate.

[0011] Furthermore, a rib is provided on the outer side of the transmission frame, the transmission slide rail is located on the inner side of the rib, and several transmission part wedge blocks are detachably installed between the rib and the transmission slide rail; the transmission slide rail includes a plurality of transmission slide rails connected in sequence, each transmission slide rail is evenly provided with several mounting holes, and the transmission slide rail is connected to the transmission frame by bolts passing through the mounting holes.

[0012] Furthermore, the positioning and feeding mechanism includes a feeding base plate, two first positioning slide groups and a second positioning slide group centrally symmetrically arranged on the feeding base plate, a positioning pin group arranged on the inner side of one of the first positioning slide groups, a plurality of flexible support seats detachably arranged on the feeding base plate, a positioning electromagnet arranged on the first positioning slide group and the second positioning slide group, and a gap tooling, the gap tooling includes a square-shaped partition body, a clamping seat arranged on the partition body, and a silicon steel spacer arranged on one side of the partition body, and a copper base plate is provided at the bottom of the partition body.

[0013] Furthermore, the carrier board group includes a download board, an upper upload board, and a plurality of support boards connecting the upper upload board and the download board, the download board is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the support board is provided with a grid structure.

[0014] Furthermore, a protective gas device is provided on one side of the laser gun head, and the protective gas device blows toward the welding position, with a blowing angle of 45 degrees to the welding direction and a flow rate of 15-25 L / min.

[0015] The present invention also provides a fully automatic laser welding method with a filler wire, comprising the fully automatic laser welding device with a filler wire as described above, the method comprising:

[0016] S1. One / two positioning feeding mechanisms load the door ring parts to be welded;

[0017] S2. The transmission mechanism transmits one / two positioning feeding mechanisms to the welding station;

[0018] S3, the wire pushing unit feeds the welding wire, and the welding unit welds the door ring parts at the welding station;

[0019] Wherein, in step S3, the wire feeding speed of the wire pushing unit is 80-160 mm / s, and the welding speed of the welding unit is 80-160 mm / s, and the wire feeding speed of the wire pushing unit is the same as the welding speed of the welding unit;

[0020] At the same time, the shielding gas device blows toward the welding position, the shielding gas blowing angle is 45 degrees to the welding direction, and the flow rate is 15-25L / min.

[0021] The fully automatic laser wire-filling welding equipment of the present invention, the positioning and feeding mechanism positions the product to be welded, that is, the door ring part, the transmission mechanism transmits the positioning and feeding mechanism forward, and then the welding mechanism welds the product, and can weld two-piece door ring parts, three-piece door ring parts, four-piece door ring parts, five-piece door ring parts, and six-piece door ring parts. The products of the two positioning and feeding mechanisms can be welded at the same time, or the products of the two positioning and feeding mechanisms can be welded in turn, which improves the welding efficiency; the transmission mechanism, X-axis module, Y-axis module, and welding unit of the feeding mechanism all adopt helical gear transmission, which has the advantages of smooth transmission, good meshing performance, large overlap, and low noise, while also reducing the influence of manufacturing errors on transmission, long service life, low failure rate, and easy inspection and maintenance; the transmission mechanism, X-axis module, Y-axis module, and welding of the feeding mechanism are all provided with a wedge block structure, which is convenient for adjusting the straightness of the corresponding transmission slide rail, and the adjustment is convenient. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the description of the embodiments. The drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0023] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a fully automatic laser welding device with filler wire according to the present invention;

[0024] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a transmission mechanism of the fully automatic laser wire welding equipment of the present invention;

[0025] FIG3 is a partial enlarged view of point A in FIG2 ;

[0026] FIG4 is a partial enlarged view of point B in FIG2 ;

[0027] FIG5 is a partial schematic diagram of the transmission mechanism of the fully automatic laser welding equipment with filler wire of the present invention;

[0028] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the welding mechanism of the fully automatic laser welding equipment with filler wire of the present invention;

[0029] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of an X-axis module of the fully automatic laser wire welding equipment of the present invention;

[0030] FIG8 is a partial enlarged view of point C in FIG7;

[0031] FIG9 is a partial schematic diagram of the welding mechanism of the fully automatic laser welding equipment with filler wire of the present invention;

[0032] FIG10 is a partial enlarged view of point D in FIG9 ;

[0033] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of a welding unit and a wire pushing unit of a fully automatic laser wire welding device according to the present invention;

[0034] FIG12 is a schematic diagram of the welding unit and the wire pushing unit of the fully automatic laser wire welding equipment of the present invention from another direction;

[0035] FIG13 is a schematic diagram of a partial structure of a welding unit of the fully automatic laser welding equipment with filler wire of the present invention;

[0036] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of a seam-leaving tooling of a welding unit of a fully automatic laser wire-filling welding device according to the present invention;

[0037] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of a fully automatic laser welding method with filler wire according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] The following are marked in the figure:

[0039] Transmission mechanism 1, transmission frame 10, transmission slide rail 11, mounting hole 111, transmission wedge block 12, slider 13, carrier plate group 14, download plate 141, upper loading plate 142, support plate 143, grid structure 144, transmission helical rack 15, transmission gear group 16, transmission motor 17, positioning sensor 18, rib 19,

[0040] Positioning feeding mechanism 2, feeding bottom plate 20, first positioning slide group 21, second positioning slide group 22, positioning pin group 23, flexible support seat 24, positioning electromagnet 25, gap tooling 26, partition body 261, clamping seat 262, silicon steel spacer 263, copper bottom plate 264,

[0041] Welding mechanism 3, gantry 30,

[0042] X-axis module 31, X-axis mounting frame 310, inner X-axis guide rail 311, outer X-axis guide rail 312, Y-axis base plate 313, X-axis bevel rack 314, X-axis drive motor 315, X-axis bevel gear set 316, Y-axis connecting plate 317, X-axis nozzle set 318, X-axis wedge block 319,

[0043] Y-axis module 32, Y-axis mounting frame 320, upper Y-axis guide rail 321, lower Y-axis guide rail 322, Z-axis base plate 323, Y-axis bevel rack 324, Y-axis drive motor 325, Y-axis bevel gear set 326, connecting plate 327, Y-axis nozzle set 328, Y-axis wedge block 329,

[0044] Z-axis module 33, Z-axis connecting plate 330, Z-axis guide groove 331, Z-axis slide rail 332, Z-axis sliding plate 333, Z-axis motor 334, Z-axis top plate 335,

[0045] Welding unit 34, welding mounting base 340, L-shaped rotating mounting base 341, rotating mounting base 342, welding rotating shaft 343, first bevel gear 344, second bevel gear 345, rotating motor 346, laser gun head 347, weld seam detection camera 348,

[0046] Wire pushing unit 35, wire pushing mounting plate 350, wire reel 351, rear wire pushing machine 352, wire guide rack 353, horizontal mounting bracket 354, weld seam tracking device 355, wire nozzle feeder 356, front wire pushing machine 357,

[0047] Liquid cargo console 4. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The above scheme is further described below in conjunction with specific examples. It should be understood that these examples are used to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. The implementation conditions adopted in the examples can be further adjusted according to the conditions of the specific manufacturer. The implementation conditions not specified are generally those in routine experiments.

[0049] Referring to Figures 1 to 14, a fully automatic laser wire-filling welding device comprises a transmission mechanism 1, two sets of positioning and feeding mechanisms 2 provided at both ends of the transmission mechanism 1, a welding mechanism 3 provided in the middle of the transmission mechanism 1, and a liquid cargo control console 4 provided outside the transmission mechanism 1. In the fully automatic laser wire-filling welding device of the present invention, the positioning and feeding mechanism 2 positions the product to be welded, i.e., the door ring part, the transmission mechanism 1 transfers the positioning and feeding mechanism 2 forward, and then the welding mechanism 3 welds the product. Two-piece door ring parts, three-piece door ring parts, four-piece door ring parts, five-piece door ring parts, and six-piece door ring parts can be welded. The products of the two positioning and feeding mechanisms 2 can be welded simultaneously, or the products of the two positioning and feeding mechanisms 2 can be welded in turn, thereby improving welding efficiency.

[0050] The transmission mechanism 1 includes a transmission frame 10 arranged along the X-axis direction, two transmission slides 11 arranged on both sides of the transmission frame 10, a plurality of transmission wedge blocks 12 evenly distributed between the transmission frame 10 and the transmission slides 11, a slider 13 connected to one of the transmission slides 11, a carrier plate group 14 connected to the slider 13, a transmission bevel rack 15 connected to the slider 13, a transmission gear group 16 driving the transmission bevel rack 15 to slide along the transmission slide 11, a transmission motor 17 driving the transmission gear group 16 to rotate, and a positioning sensor 18 arranged below the welding mechanism 3. A rib 19 is provided on the outer side of the transmission frame 10, and the transmission slide rail 11 is located on the inner side of the rib 19. Several transmission part wedge blocks 12 are detachably installed between the rib 19 and the transmission slide rail 11; the transmission slide rail 11 includes a plurality of transmission slide rails connected in sequence, and each transmission slide rail 11 is evenly distributed with several mounting holes 111. The transmission slide rail 11 is connected to the transmission frame 10 by bolts passing through the mounting holes 111. The transmission motor 17 drives the transmission gear set 16 to rotate, driving the transmission gear set 16 to transmit along the two transmission slide rails 11, and stops when it is transmitted to the positioning sensor 18, which is convenient for welding; the transmission bevel rack 15 and the transmission gear set 16 are meshed with each other, and the transmission gear set 16 is also a bevel gear, with smooth transmission, good meshing performance, large overlap, and low noise. At the same time, it also reduces the impact of manufacturing errors on transmission, has a long service life, low failure rate, and is easy to inspect and maintain; a number of transmission part wedge blocks 12 are evenly distributed between the transmission frame 10 and the transmission slide rail 11, and the straightness of the transmission slide rail 11 can be adjusted by adjusting the position and size of the transmission part wedge blocks 12, and the adjustment is convenient.

[0051] The two sides of the carrier plate group 14 are respectively slidably matched with the two transmission slide rails 11, the positioning and feeding mechanism 2 is installed on the carrier plate group 14, and the transmission motor 17 is installed below the carrier plate group 14; the welding mechanism 3 includes a gantry 30, two groups of X-axis modules 31 provided on the gantry 30, two groups of Y-axis modules 32 respectively slidably matched with the two groups of X-axis modules 31, two groups of Z-axis modules 33 respectively slidably matched with the Y-axis modules 32, welding units 34 respectively provided at the output ends of the Z-axis modules 33, and a wire pushing unit 35 provided on one side of the welding unit 34. The wire pushing unit 35 automatically feeds the welding wire to the position where welding is required, and then the welding unit 34 directly welds the product. The wire feeding speed of the wire pushing unit 35 is the same as the moving speed of the product, ensuring the stability of the welding effect and the reliability of the welding.

[0052] The welding unit 34 includes a welding mount 340 connected to the output end of the Z-axis module 33, an L-shaped rotating mount 341 connected to the welding mount 340, a rotating mount 342 arranged on the L-shaped rotating mount 341, a welding rotating shaft 343 arranged in the rotating mount 342, a first bevel gear 344 arranged at the top of the welding rotating shaft 343, a second bevel gear 345 meshing with the first bevel gear 344, a rotating motor 346 driving the second bevel gear 345 to rotate, a laser gun head 347 arranged at the bottom of the welding rotating shaft 343, and a weld detection camera 348 arranged outside the laser gun head 347. The rotating motor 346 drives the second bevel gear 345 to rotate, which drives the first bevel gear 344 and the welding rotating shaft 343 to rotate, and drives the laser gun head 347 to rotate for welding. The weld detection camera 348 synchronously detects the weld. The transmission is carried out by meshing the first bevel gear 344 and the second bevel gear 345. The transmission is smooth, the meshing performance is good, the overlap is large, and the noise is low. At the same time, the influence of manufacturing errors on the transmission is also reduced, and it is not affected by dust and powder, and the failure rate is low.

[0053] The wire pushing unit 35 includes a wire pushing mounting plate 350, a wire reel 351 arranged on the wire pushing mounting plate 350, a rear wire pusher 352 arranged above the wire reel 351, a front wire pusher 357 arranged on the inner side of the L-shaped rotating mounting seat 341, a wire guide rack 353 arranged on the Z-axis module 33, a horizontal mounting bracket 354 arranged at the lower part of the laser gun head 347, a weld seam tracking device 355 arranged at one end of the horizontal mounting bracket 354, and two groups of wire nozzle feeders 356 arranged on the horizontal mounting bracket 354. The two groups of wire nozzle feeders 356 are respectively located on both sides of the laser gun head 347, and the weld seam tracking device 355 and the two groups of wire nozzle feeders 356 can slide along the horizontal mounting bracket 354. The welding wire on the wire reel 351 passes through the rear wire pusher 352, the wire guide rack 353, and the front wire pusher 357 in sequence, and then enters the wire nozzle feeder 356. Two drives, the rear wire pusher 352 and the front wire pusher 357, are set to ensure the stability of wire feeding; the positions of the weld tracking device 355 and the two groups of the wire nozzle feeders 356 can be adjusted separately, and the positions can be adjusted according to the welding requirements and weld tracking requirements of different products.

[0054] The X-axis module 31 includes an X-axis mounting frame 310, an inner X-axis guide rail 311 and an outer X-axis guide rail 312 arranged on the X-axis mounting frame 310, a Y-axis base plate 313 slidingly matched with the inner X-axis guide rail 311 and the outer X-axis guide rail 312, an X-axis bevel rack 314 arranged on the inner side of the inner X-axis guide rail 311 or the outer X-axis guide rail 312, an X-axis drive motor 315 arranged on the Y-axis base plate 313, and an X-axis bevel gear set 316 arranged at the output end of the X-axis drive motor 315 and meshing with the X-axis bevel rack 314. The X-axis drive motor 315 drives the X-axis bevel gear set 316 to rotate, driving the Y-axis base plate 313 to slide along the inner X-axis guide rail 311 and the outer X-axis guide rail 312, which has the advantages of stable transmission, good meshing performance, large overlap, and low noise. At the same time, it also reduces the influence of manufacturing errors on transmission, is not affected by dust, and has a low failure rate.

[0055] Several removable X-axis wedge blocks 319 are evenly spaced between the inner X-axis guide rail 311 and the outer X-axis guide rail 312 and the X-axis mounting frame 310. These X-axis wedge blocks and the X-axis bevel rack are located on either side of the inner / outer X-axis guide rails. A Y-axis connecting plate 317 is located on one side of the Y-axis base plate 313. This Y-axis connecting plate 317 is equipped with a plurality of X-axis oil nozzles 318 that spray oil toward the X-axis bevel gear assembly 316. Several transmission wedge blocks 12 are installed between the inner / outer X-axis guide rails and the transmission frame 10. The straightness of the transmission rail 11 can be easily adjusted by adjusting the position and size of these transmission wedge blocks 12, making adjustment easy.

[0056] The Y-axis module 32 includes a Y-axis mounting frame 320, an upper Y-axis guide rail 321 and a lower Y-axis guide rail 322 arranged on the Y-axis mounting frame 320, a Z-axis base plate 323 slidingly matched with the upper Y-axis guide rail 321 and the lower Y-axis guide rail 322, a Y-axis bevel rack 324 arranged on the inner side of the upper Y-axis guide rail 321, a Y-axis driving motor 325 arranged on the Z-axis base plate 323, and a Y-axis driving motor 325 arranged on the Y-axis driving motor 325. The output end of the Y-axis bevel gear set 326 meshes with the Y-axis bevel rack 324. A Z-axis connecting plate 327 is provided on one side of the Z-axis base plate 323. A plurality of Y-axis oil nozzles 328 are provided on the Z-axis connecting plate 327 to spray oil toward the Y-axis bevel gear set 326. A plurality of removable Y-axis wedge blocks 329 are evenly distributed between the upper Y-axis guide rail 321 and the lower Y-axis guide rail 322 and the Y-axis mounting bracket 320. The Y-axis bevel rack 324 is disposed inside the upper Y-axis guide rail 321. Compared to disposing the Y-axis bevel rack 324 inside the lower Y-axis guide rail 322, disposing it inside the upper Y-axis guide rail 321 can avoid transmission jams and provide advantages such as stable transmission, good meshing performance, high overlap, and low noise. It also reduces the impact of manufacturing errors on transmission, is unaffected by dust, and has a low failure rate.

[0057] The Z-axis module 33 includes a Z-axis connecting plate 330 arranged on the Z-axis base plate 232, two Z-axis guide grooves 331 arranged on the Z-axis connecting plate 330, Z-axis slide rails 332 respectively arranged in the Z-axis guide grooves 331, a Z-axis sliding plate 333 connected to the Z-axis slide rails 332, a screw rod group arranged on the inner side of the Z-axis sliding plate 333, a Z-axis top plate 335 arranged on the top of the Z-axis connecting plate 330, and a Z-axis motor 334 arranged on the Z-axis top plate 335 to drive the screw rod group to rotate, and the welding mounting base 340 is connected to the Z-axis sliding plate 333.

[0058] The positioning feeding mechanism 2 includes a feeding base plate 20, two first positioning slide groups 21 and a second positioning slide group 22 symmetrically arranged on the feeding base plate 20, a positioning pin group 23 arranged on the inner side of one of the first positioning slide groups 21, a plurality of flexible support seats 24 detachably arranged on the feeding base plate 20, and a positioning electromagnet 25 arranged on the first positioning slide group 21 and the second positioning slide group 22, and a gap fixture 26, wherein the gap fixture 26 includes a block-shaped partition body 261, a clamping seat 262 arranged on the partition body 261, and a silicon steel spacer 263 arranged on one side of the partition body 261. The bottom of the partition body 261 is provided with a copper bottom plate 264. The gap fixture 26 can include multiple pieces, each detachably arranged on the outer side of the transmission frame 10 for easy operation. The gap-leaving tool 26 can be used manually and acts as a spacer when assembling products to be welded, ensuring that the gap between products is within a preset range, thereby ensuring the stability, reliability and appearance of welding; the copper bottom plate 264 can prevent the gap-leaving tool 26 from being adsorbed by the positioning electromagnet 25.

[0059] The carrier assembly 14 includes a lower plate 141, an upper plate 142, and a plurality of support plates 143 connecting the upper plate 142 and the lower plate 141. The lower plate 141 is provided with a plurality of through holes, and the support plates 143 are provided with a grid structure 144. The plurality of through holes in the lower plate 141 and the grid structure 144 on the support plates 143 facilitate heat dissipation and prevent localized overheating that may affect the service life.

[0060] A shielding gas device (not shown) is installed on one side of the laser gun head 347. The shielding gas device blows gas toward the welding position at a 45-degree angle to the welding direction and a flow rate of 15-25 L / min. The shielding gas device blows argon gas toward the welding position to provide welding protection.

[0061] In conjunction with FIG15 , the present invention further provides a fully automatic laser welding method with a filler wire, including the fully automatic laser welding device with a filler wire as described above, the method comprising:

[0062] S1. One or two positioning feed mechanisms 2 load the door ring components to be welded. Specifically, the components to be welded are typically flat steel plates with a thickness of 1-1.8 mm. The steel plates to be welded include a base material and at least one layer of pure aluminum or aluminum alloy coating on its surface. This coating includes an intermetallic compound alloy layer in contact with the base material and a metal alloy layer thereon. The coating in the welded area is not removed or thinned. The steel plates are fixed to the feed mechanisms 2, and a preset gap is reserved between the components to be welded using a gap fixture 26. The gap width can be 0.15-0.2 mm.

[0063] S2. The transport mechanism 1 transports one / two positioning and feeding mechanisms 2 to the welding station; specifically, the welding station is located below the welding unit 34.

[0064] S3, the wire pushing unit 35 feeds the welding wire, and the welding unit 34 welds the door ring part of the welding station;

[0065] Among them, in step S3, the wire feeding speed of the wire pushing unit is 80-160 mm / s, the welding speed of the welding unit is 80-160 mm / s, and the wire feeding speed of the wire pushing unit 35 is the same as the welding speed of the welding unit 34; the wire feeding speed of the wire pushing unit 35 is the same as the welding speed of the welding unit 34, which can ensure that the speed of the welding wire is consistent with that of the laser welding, thereby ensuring the welding effect, and there will be no insufficient or excessive welding wire. As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the welding speed of the welding unit 34 can be 80 mm / s, or 120 mm / s, or 160 mm / s, or any speed between 80-160 mm / s. At this speed, the tensile strength of the welded product is high. When the product is a high-strength steel plate, the tensile strength after hot stamping is 1200 MPa-1600 MPa. When the product is a low-strength steel plate, the tensile strength after hot stamping is 300 MPa-600 MPa. When the product is an equal-strength steel plate, the tensile strength of the weld is greater than the strength of the steel plate parent material after stamping. When the product is a differential-strength steel plate, the tensile strength of the weld is greater than the strength of the low-strength steel plate parent material, and the elongation of the weld joint is greater than 4%.

[0066] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the welding wire has a diameter of 1-1.2 mm, and the heating current of the wire feeder 356 is 50-150 A. The welding wire composition by weight is as follows: C 0.1%, Si 0.0-0.9%, Cr 0.2-0.5%, M 1.6-2.1%, P ≤ 0.015%, S ≤ 0.015%, Ni 1.8-2.3%, Mo 0.45-0.7%, VS 0.3%, Cu 0.07%, with the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.

[0067] At the same time, the shielding gas device blows toward the welding position at a 45-degree angle to the welding direction, with a flow rate of 15-25L / min. Specifically, the shielding gas is 99.99% high-purity argon, and the gas supply pipe is at a 45-degree angle to the welding direction.

[0068] By using the fully automatic laser wire-filling welding method and the fully automatic laser wire-filling welding equipment of the present invention for welding operations, two-piece door ring parts, three-piece door ring parts, four-piece door ring parts, five-piece door ring parts, and six-piece door ring parts can be welded; the products of the two positioning and feeding mechanisms 2 can be welded simultaneously, or the products of the two positioning and feeding mechanisms 2 can be welded in turn, thereby improving welding efficiency.

[0069] The above examples are intended only to illustrate the technical concepts and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention are intended to be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0070]

Claims

1. A fully automatic laser wire filling welding method, characterized in that: Including a fully automatic laser wire filling welding device, the method includes: S1. One or two positioning and feeding mechanisms feed the door ring parts to be welded together; S2. The transmission mechanism transports one or two positioning and feeding mechanisms to the welding station; S3. The wire pushing unit feeds the welding wire, and the welding unit welds the door ring parts at the welding station; Wherein, in step S3, the wire feeding speed of the wire pushing unit is 80 - 160 mm / s, the welding speed of the welding unit is 80 - 160 mm / s, and the wire feeding speed of the wire pushing unit is the same as the welding speed of the welding unit; Meanwhile, the protective gas device blows protective gas towards the welding position, the angle of blowing the protective gas is 45 degrees with the welding direction, and the flow rate is 15 - 25 L / min; The fully automatic laser wire filling welding device includes a transmission mechanism, two groups of positioning and feeding mechanisms arranged at both ends of the transmission mechanism, a welding mechanism arranged in the middle of the transmission mechanism, and a liquid cargo control console arranged outside the transmission mechanism; The transmission mechanism includes a transmission frame arranged along the X-axis direction, two transmission slide rails arranged on both sides of the transmission frame, a number of transmission part wedges evenly arranged between the transmission frame and the transmission slide rails, a slider connected to one of the transmission slide rails, a carrier plate group connected to the slider, a transmission bevel gear rack connected to the slider, a transmission gear group for driving the transmission bevel gear rack to slide along the transmission slide rail, a transmission motor for driving the transmission gear group to rotate, and a positioning sensor arranged below the welding mechanism; both sides of the carrier plate group are slidably matched with the two transmission slide rails respectively, the positioning and feeding mechanism is installed on the carrier plate group, and the transmission motor is installed below the carrier plate group; The welding mechanism includes a gantry, two groups of X-axis modules arranged on the gantry, two groups of Y-axis modules respectively slidingly engaged with the two groups of X-axis modules, two groups of Z-axis modules respectively slidingly engaged with the Y-axis modules, welding units respectively arranged at the output ends of the Z-axis modules, and a wire feeding unit arranged on one side of the welding units; the welding unit includes a welding mounting seat connected to the output end of the Z-axis module, an L-shaped rotating mounting seat connected to the welding mounting seat, a rotating mounting seat arranged on the L-shaped rotating mounting seat, a welding rotating shaft arranged in the rotating mounting seat, a first bevel gear arranged at the top of the welding rotating shaft, a second bevel gear meshed with the first bevel gear, a rotating motor driving the second bevel gear to rotate, a laser gun head arranged at the bottom of the welding rotating shaft, and a weld detection camera arranged outside the laser gun head; the wire feeding unit includes a wire feeding mounting plate, a wire spool arranged on the wire feeding mounting plate, a rear wire feeder arranged above the wire spool, a front wire feeder arranged inside the L-shaped rotating mounting seat, a wire guiding frame arranged on the Z-axis module, a horizontal mounting bracket arranged at the lower part of the laser gun head, a weld tracking device arranged at one end of the horizontal mounting bracket, and two wire nozzle feeders arranged on the horizontal mounting bracket, the two wire nozzle feeders are respectively located on both sides of the laser gun head, and the weld tracking device and the two wire nozzle feeders are respectively slidable along the horizontal mounting bracket; The Y-axis module includes a Y-axis mounting frame, an upper Y-axis guide rail and a lower Y-axis guide rail arranged on the Y-axis mounting frame, a Z-axis bottom plate slidably engaged with the upper Y-axis guide rail and the lower Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis diagonal rack arranged inside the upper Y-axis guide rail, a Y-axis driving motor arranged on the Z-axis bottom plate, and a Y-axis bevel gear set arranged at the output end of the Y-axis driving motor and meshed with the Y-axis diagonal rack; a Z-axis connecting plate is arranged on one side of the Z-axis bottom plate, and a group of Y-axis oil nozzles spraying oil towards the Y-axis bevel gear set are arranged on the Z-axis connecting plate, and a number of detachable Y-axis wedge blocks are evenly arranged between the upper Y-axis guide rail and the lower Y-axis guide rail and the Y-axis mounting frame respectively; The Z-axis module includes a Z-axis connecting plate arranged on the Z-axis bottom plate, two Z-axis guiding grooves arranged on the Z-axis connecting plate, Z-axis sliding rails respectively arranged in the Z-axis guiding grooves, a Z-axis sliding plate connected to the Z-axis sliding rails, a lead screw group arranged inside the Z-axis sliding plate, a Z-axis top plate arranged at the top of the Z-axis connecting plate, and a Z-axis motor arranged on the Z-axis top plate and driving the lead screw group to rotate, and the welding mounting seat is connected to the Z-axis sliding plate; The X-axis module includes an X-axis mounting frame, an inner X-axis guide rail and an outer X-axis guide rail provided on the X-axis mounting frame, a Y-axis bottom plate slidably engaged with the inner X-axis guide rail and the outer X-axis guide rail, an X-axis helical rack provided inside the inner X-axis guide rail or the outer X-axis guide rail, an X-axis drive motor provided on the Y-axis bottom plate, and an X-axis helical gear set provided at the output end of the X-axis drive motor and meshed with the X-axis helical rack; A number of detachable X-axis wedge blocks are evenly arranged between the inner X-axis guide rail and the outer X-axis guide rail and the X-axis mounting frame respectively, and the number of the X-axis wedge blocks and the X-axis helical rack are respectively located on both sides of the inner X-axis guide rail / outer X-axis guide rail; a Y-axis connecting plate is provided on one side of the Y-axis bottom plate, and an X-axis nozzle group for spraying oil towards the X-axis helical gear set is provided on the Y-axis connecting plate; A retaining edge is provided on the outer side of the transmission frame, the transmission slide rail is located inside the retaining edge, and a number of the transmission part wedge blocks are respectively detachably installed between the retaining edge and the transmission slide rail; the transmission slide rail includes a plurality of sequentially connected ones, and a number of mounting holes are evenly arranged on each transmission slide rail, and the transmission slide rail is connected to the transmission frame through bolts passing through the mounting holes; The positioning and feeding mechanism includes a feeding bottom plate, two first positioning slide table groups and a second positioning slide group symmetrically arranged at the center of the feeding bottom plate, a positioning pin group provided inside one of the first positioning slide table groups, a number of flexible support seats detachably provided on the feeding bottom plate, positioning electromagnets provided on the first positioning slide table group and the second positioning slide group, and a gap retaining tooling. The gap retaining tooling includes a square partition body, a clamping seat provided on the partition body, and a silicon steel spacer provided on one side of the partition body. A copper bottom plate is provided at the bottom of the partition body; The carrier plate group includes a lower carrier plate, an upper carrier plate, and a plurality of support plates connecting the upper carrier plate and the lower carrier plate. A number of through holes are provided on the lower carrier plate, and a grid structure is provided on the support plates; A protective gas device is provided on one side of the laser gun head. The protective gas device blows air towards the welding position, the blowing angle is 45 degrees with the welding direction, and the flow rate is 15 - 25 L / min.

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