Electromagnetic shielding cover and station

Abstract

An electromagnetic shielding cover. The electromagnetic shielding cover is arranged on a first side face of a base station module, and the electromagnetic shielding cover is perpendicular to an antenna platform of the base station module; the electromagnetic shielding cover extends out in a direction perpendicular to the antenna platform of the base station module; the height of the electromagnetic shielding cover is greater than the thickness of the base station module by a first height; and energy radiated from the base station module comprises energy of an upper sidelobe in a front view, and the electromagnetic shielding cover is configured to shield the energy of the upper sidelobe in the front view. The electromagnetic shielding cover is arranged on the first side face of the base station module, is perpendicular to the antenna platform of the base station module and extends out in the direction perpendicular to the antenna platform of the base station module, and because the height of the electromagnetic shielding cover is greater than that of the base station module, the energy of the upper sidelobe of the base station module in the front view can be shielded.

Description

Electromagnetic shielding covers and stations

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application with application number 202410058132.3 filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on January 12, 2024, and priority to the Chinese patent application with the invention name “Electromagnetic Shielding Cover, Station”, all contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an electromagnetic shielding cover and a station. Background Art

[0003] Mobile communications are constantly striving for greater capacity, higher speeds, and lower latency, leading to the continuous generational evolution from 2G to 5G and 6G. The simplest and most direct way to increase capacity and speed is to increase bandwidth. For example, 4G and earlier generations primarily focused on sub-3GHz frequency bands (below 3GHz), while the 5G era introduced new frequency bands such as 3.5GHz, 4.9GHz, and millimeter wave. With economic and social development, new mobile communication needs continue to emerge, necessitating the introduction of more new spectrum for future mobile communications. Among these, the U6G band (6.425-7.125GHz) will be a key resource from 2025 to 2030 and will be crucial for meeting new service demands. However, spectrum resources are precious. The U6G band is also the uplink frequency band for geostationary Earth orbit (GEO) satellites. For deploying mobile communication base stations in the U6G band, addressing interference from base stations to satellites is a prerequisite.

[0004] To enable coexistence of U6G base stations with existing GEO satellite uplink services, referred to as satellite coexistence, the International Telecommunication Union (ITU) studied and defined the upper-half-space radiated power that base stations need to meet. The study primarily considered factors such as the satellite uplink interference threshold, the satellite's latitude and longitude, the satellite's beam coverage, and the deployment density of ground base stations. The ITU then derived the average equivalent isotropically radiated power (EIRP) power limit that the base station must meet for each elevation angle interval in the upper-half airspace, known as the EIRP template. Because the base station's main beam points toward the lower half of the airspace, to meet the template, the base station's upper sidelobe radiation must be suppressed.

[0005] One of the key technologies of 5G is the use of large-scale array antennas in base stations. This technology, derived from radar, is primarily characterized by its ability to implement beamforming. To improve detection sensitivity, radar must minimize interference from directions outside the main beam. This technology uses specific weighting to suppress sidelobes. Typical low-sidelobe weighting methods include amplitude weighting and Taylor weighting. However, these weighted methods have at least three drawbacks to improving sidelobe suppression: first, amplitude weighting results in EIRP loss; second, the required degrees of freedom for array antenna weighting is high; and third, the suppression capability of amplitude weighting is constrained by channel consistency. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application discloses an electromagnetic shielding cover and a station, which can improve the ability to suppress sidelobe radiation on a base station.

[0007] In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electromagnetic shielding cover, which is arranged on a first side surface of a base station module, and the electromagnetic shielding cover is perpendicular to the roof surface of the base station module. The electromagnetic shielding cover extends in a direction perpendicular to the roof surface of the base station module. The height of the electromagnetic shielding cover is higher than the thickness of the base station module by a first height. The energy radiated by the base station module includes the energy of the upper side lobe in the normal view, and the electromagnetic shielding cover is used to shield the energy of the upper side lobe in the normal view.

[0008] In this example, the electromagnetic shielding cover is arranged on the first side surface of the base station module, perpendicular to the roof surface of the base station module, and extends in a direction perpendicular to the roof surface of the base station module. Since its height is higher than the base station module, it can shield the energy of the upper side lobe of the base station module.

[0009] In a possible implementation manner, the first height is related to the height of the base station module.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the electromagnetic shielding cover is also arranged parallel to the back side of the base station module. The energy radiated by the base station module also includes the energy of the rear upper side lobe. The electromagnetic shielding cover is also used to shield the energy of the rear upper side lobe.

[0011] In this example, a portion of the electromagnetic shield is positioned on a first side surface of the base station module, while another portion is positioned parallel to the back surface of the base station module. This shields energy from both the frontal upper sidelobe and the rear upper sidelobe of the base station module.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the electromagnetic shielding cover is also provided on the second side and the third side of the base station module, wherein the second side and the third side are respectively connected to the first side, the energy radiated by the base station module also includes the energy of the upper oblique side lobe, and the electromagnetic shielding cover is also used to shield the energy of the upper oblique side lobe.

[0013] In this example, a portion of the electromagnetic shield is located on the first side of the base station module, while another portion is positioned parallel to the rear side of the module. This shields energy from both the frontal upper sidelobe and the rear upper sidelobe. The electromagnetic shield is also located on the second and third side surfaces of the base station module to shield energy from the oblique upper sidelobe.

[0014] In a possible implementation, the electromagnetic shield includes a first part, a second part, and a third part, and the first part, the second part, and the third part are used to shield the energy of the upper side lobe of the front view, the upper side lobe of the rear view, and the upper side lobe of the oblique view, respectively.

[0015] In a possible implementation manner, the first portion is in an umbrella shape or a ring shape.

[0016] In a possible implementation manner, the outer edge of the first portion is in an arc shape.

[0017] In a possible implementation, an outer edge of the first portion is provided with an absorbing material or an electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure to suppress surface waves of the base station module.

[0018] In a possible implementation manner, a size of the second part is greater than or equal to a size of the base station module.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the third portion is in the shape of a concave curve.

[0020] In a possible implementation, the electromagnetic shielding cover is in the shape of a metal mesh, and the mesh size of the metal mesh is a quarter wavelength; or, the electromagnetic shielding cover is made based on a frequency selective surface FSS, and the stop band range of the FSS is the U6G frequency band.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the electromagnetic shield may have a certain downward tilt angle, so that the extended length can be reduced.

[0022] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electromagnetic shielding cover, which is in the shape of an umbrella and is used to shield the energy of an upper side lobe of at least one base station module.

[0023] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a site, comprising any possible electromagnetic shielding cover as in the first aspect or any possible electromagnetic shielding cover as in the second aspect, and at least one base station module.

[0024] It can be understood that the beneficial effects that can be achieved by the electromagnetic shielding cover described in the second aspect and the station in the third aspect provided above can refer to the beneficial effects of the corresponding electromagnetic shielding cover, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] The following is an introduction to the drawings used in the embodiments of this application.

[0026] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic shielding cover provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a base station module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG3a is a perspective schematic diagram of another electromagnetic shielding cover provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG3 b is a plan view of another electromagnetic shielding cover provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG4a is a perspective schematic diagram of another electromagnetic shielding cover provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG4 b is a schematic cross-sectional view of another electromagnetic shielding cover provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of the upper sidelobe angle area distribution of a base station module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG6 a is a top view of another electromagnetic shielding cover provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0034] FIG6 b is a side view of another electromagnetic shielding cover provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0035] FIG6c is a top view of another electromagnetic shielding cover provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0036] Figures 7 to 13a and 13b are schematic diagrams of different electromagnetic shielding covers provided in embodiments of the present application;

[0037] FIG14 is a schematic diagram of another electromagnetic shielding cover provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0038] FIG15 is a schematic diagram of another electromagnetic shielding cover provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0039] FIG16a is a schematic diagram showing a comparison of the suppression degree when a driving relationship of one driving three is provided in an embodiment of the present application and the heights of the upper sidelobe shield are 0H, 1H, and 2H respectively;

[0040] FIG16b is a comparative schematic diagram showing the effect of the angle of a side shield on horizontal scanning of a base station provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0041] FIG16c is a schematic diagram of a mesh structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0042] Figure 16d is a schematic diagram of a scenario provided by an embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG17 is a schematic diagram of an application provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The following describes the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The terms used in the implementation methods of the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the specific embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.

[0045] For ease of understanding, the following examples provide some explanations of concepts related to the embodiments of the present application for reference.

[0046] Satellite coexistence: refers to the coexistence of terrestrial mobile communication services and satellite uplink services in a certain overlapping frequency band. The two do not interfere with each other or the interference is less than the threshold value, and both can operate normally.

[0047] Upper sidelobe suppression: Array antennas can perform beamforming, concentrating energy primarily in the main beam direction while still providing a small amount of energy in other directions. The antenna pattern is divided into main lobes and side lobes. The main lobe quantitatively describes the energy radiated in the main beam direction, while the side lobe quantitatively describes the energy radiated in other directions. The side lobes in the upper half of the antenna are referred to as upper side lobes. Upper sidelobe suppression suppresses the radiated energy in the upper side lobes to reduce interference in the upper half of the antenna pattern.

[0048] Array antenna weighting: refers to stimulating different antenna elements of the array antenna with signals of different amplitudes and phases so that the excitation weights meet a certain distribution, thereby obtaining the desired pattern shaping effect.

[0049] Antenna surface: In communications, the antenna surface of a base station survey refers to the platform where the antenna is located. Measuring external interference and deploying feeders are all done on the antenna surface. In this embodiment of the application, the back surface is the opposite of the antenna surface (see the following description, which will not be repeated here).

[0050] The above exemplary description of the concepts can be applied in the following embodiments.

[0051] The structure of the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Please refer to Figure 1, which is a schematic diagram of an electromagnetic shielding cover 100 applicable to the embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 1, the electromagnetic shielding cover 100 is placed on the side of the base station module 200. The energy radiated by the base station module 200 includes energy from the upper sidelobe. The electromagnetic shielding cover 100 is used to shield the energy from the upper sidelobe.

[0052] As shown in Figure 2, a schematic diagram of a base station module 200 provided in an embodiment of the present application is provided. The base station module 200 includes a top surface 201 (i.e., surface ABCD as shown in Figure 2), a first side surface 202 (i.e., surface ADEF as shown in Figure 2), a second side surface 203 (i.e., surface ABGE as shown in Figure 2), a third side surface 204 (i.e., surface CDFH as shown in Figure 2), a fourth side surface 205 (i.e., surface BCHG as shown in Figure 2), and a back surface 206 (i.e., surface EFHG as shown in Figure 2). This example uses a rectangular parallelepiped as an example, but it can also be other regular or irregular shapes, and this solution does not limit this.

[0053] As shown in Figure 1 , the electromagnetic shielding cover 100 is disposed on the first side surface 202 of the base station module 200. The electromagnetic shielding cover 100 is perpendicular to the top surface 201 of the base station module 200 and extends in a direction perpendicular to the top surface 201 of the base station module, that is, along the first side surface 202 of the base station module 200. The height (also referred to as the length) of the electromagnetic shielding cover 100 is greater than the thickness of the base station module (e.g., the width of the first side surface 202; for example, when the first side surface 202 is rectangular, the width may be the length of side AE) by a first height.

[0054] It should be noted that the height of the electromagnetic shield in the embodiment of the present application is the length of the portion of the electromagnetic shield that shields the energy of the upper side lobe, that is, the length in the direction perpendicular to the base station module's roof. For example, the direction perpendicular to the base station module's roof is the direction x shown in FIG2 .

[0055] In one possible implementation, the first height is related to the height of the base station module (e.g., the length of side AB in FIG2 ). Exemplarily, the first height is 0.5 to 1 times the height H of the base station module. Of course, other values ​​are possible, and this solution does not limit this. The further the electromagnetic shield extends, the greater its ability to suppress energy radiated upward from the base station module.

[0056] In a possible implementation, the front edge (or outer edge) 101 of the electromagnetic shielding cover may be in an arc shape. Of course, it may also be in other shapes, which is not limited in this solution.

[0057] In a possible implementation, the electromagnetic shield may have a certain downward tilt angle, so that the extended length can be reduced.

[0058] In a possible implementation, the outer edge 101 of the electromagnetic shield is provided with an absorbing material, which can further enhance the ability to suppress the energy radiated upward by the base station module.

[0059] Alternatively, the outer edge 101 of the electromagnetic shield is provided with an electromagnetic band gap (EBG) structure that can suppress the propagation of surface waves.

[0060] In this example, the electromagnetic shielding cover is arranged on the first side surface of the base station module, perpendicular to the roof surface of the base station module, and extends in a direction perpendicular to the roof surface of the base station module. Since its height is higher than the base station module, it can shield the energy of the upper side lobe of the base station module.

[0061] As shown in Figures 3a and 3b, a schematic diagram of another electromagnetic shielding cover 300 applicable to an embodiment of the present application is shown. In conjunction with Figure 2, a portion 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 is provided on the first side surface 202 of the base station module 200, and the portion 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 is perpendicular to the roof surface 201 of the base station module 200. The portion 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 extends in a direction perpendicular to the roof surface 201 of the base station module. The height of the portion 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 is higher than the thickness of the base station module (for example, the length of the side AE) by a first height. Another portion 302 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 is provided parallel to the back surface 206 of the base station module 200. The energy radiated by the base station module 200 includes energy from the front upper side lobe and energy from the rear upper side lobe. The electromagnetic shielding cover 300 is used to shield the energy from the front upper side lobe and energy from the rear upper side lobe. For example, a portion 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 is used to shield the energy of the front upper side lobe, and another portion 302 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 is used to shield the energy of the rear upper side lobe.

[0062] In one possible implementation, the portion of the electromagnetic shielding cover disposed parallel to the back surface 206 of the base station module 200 (i.e., the other portion 302 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 300 ) is larger than or equal to the size of the base station module. For example, it may be slightly larger than the back surface 206 of the base station module. This can shield the radiation of energy from the upper rear sidelobe.

[0063] In a possible implementation, the first height is related to the height of the base station module (eg, the length of side AB in FIG2 ). For an introduction to this part, please refer to the description of the embodiment shown in FIG1 , and no further details will be given here.

[0064] In a possible implementation, the outer edge of the portion 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover may be arc-shaped.

[0065] In a possible implementation, a portion 301 of the electromagnetic shielding cover may have a certain downward tilt angle.

[0066] In a possible implementation, an outer edge of a portion 301 of the electromagnetic shield is provided with an absorbing material, which can further enhance the ability to suppress the energy radiated upward by the base station module.

[0067] Alternatively, an outer edge of a portion 301 of the electromagnetic shield is provided with an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure that can suppress the propagation of surface waves.

[0068] In this example, a portion of the electromagnetic shield is positioned on a first side surface of the base station module, while another portion is positioned parallel to the back surface of the base station module. This shields energy from both the frontal upper sidelobe and the rear upper sidelobe of the base station module.

[0069] As shown in Figures 4a and 4b, there are schematic diagrams of another electromagnetic shielding cover 400 applicable to an embodiment of the present application. In conjunction with Figure 2, the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is provided on the first side 202 of the base station module 200, and the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is perpendicular to the roof 201 of the base station module 200. The electromagnetic shielding cover 400 extends in a direction perpendicular to the roof 201 of the base station module, and the height of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is higher than the thickness of the base station module (for example, the length of the side AE) by a first height. The electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is also arranged parallel to the back side 206 of the base station module 200. The electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is also provided on the second side 203 and the third side 204 of the base station module 200, wherein the second side 203 and the third side 204 are respectively connected to the first side 202. The energy radiated by the base station module 200 includes the energy of the upper front side lobe, the energy of the upper rear side lobe and the energy of the upper oblique side lobe, and the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is used to shield the energy of the upper front side lobe, the energy of the upper rear side lobe and the energy of the upper oblique side lobe.

[0070] Exemplarily, the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 includes a first part (upper sidelobe shielding cover) 401, a second part (back lobe shielding cover) 402 and a third part (side shielding cover) 403. The electromagnetic shielding cover 400 can be coordinated with a base station module 200. Exemplarily, the base station module 200 is placed inside the electromagnetic shielding cover 400. Most of the energy radiated upward by the base station module 200 is physically blocked by the electromagnetic shielding cover 400. For example, as shown in Figure 5, it is a schematic diagram of the distribution of the upper sidelobe angle area corresponding to the base station module. The radiation in the corresponding upper half space may include the upper sidelobe in the normal view, as well as the upper sidelobe in the oblique view and the upper sidelobe in the back. That is, the energy radiated by the base station module 200 includes the energy of the upper sidelobe in the normal view, the energy of the upper sidelobe in the back and the energy of the upper sidelobe in the oblique view. Correspondingly, the first portion 401 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is used to shield the energy of the upper side lobe of the front view, the second portion 402 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is used to shield the energy of the upper side lobe of the rear view, and the third portion 403 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is used to shield the energy of the upper side lobe of the oblique view.

[0071] In a possible implementation, the outer edge of the first portion 401 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 may be arc-shaped.

[0072] In one possible implementation, as shown in FIG4 a , the outer edge of the first portion 401 of the electromagnetic shield 400 is provided with an absorbing material 404 or an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure 404 that can suppress surface wave propagation. For an introduction to this aspect, please refer to the description of the embodiment shown in FIG1 and will not be repeated here.

[0073] In a possible implementation, the outer edge of the third portion 403 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is in the shape of a concave curve. Of course, other shapes are also possible, and this solution does not limit this.

[0074] In a possible implementation, the first portion 401 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 may have a certain downward tilt angle.

[0075] In a possible implementation, the size of the second portion 402 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 is greater than or equal to the size of the base station module 200. For example, it may be slightly larger than the back surface 206 of the base station module.

[0076] For the introduction of this part, please refer to the description of the embodiment shown in FIG1 , which will not be repeated here.

[0077] Among them, the electromagnetic shielding cover can be called a gamma (Г)-type surface-level electromagnetic shielding cover, or a Г shielding cover, etc.

[0078] In a possible implementation, the third portion of the electromagnetic shield connects the first portion and a corner of the second portion.

[0079] In a possible implementation, the electromagnetic shielding cover may be made of at least one of a metal plate, metallized plastic, a hollow metal plate, a metal mesh, and the like.

[0080] Optionally, the electromagnetic shield is made of a metal mesh with a predetermined mesh size, which can shield U6G band signals. For example, a mesh spacing of the metal mesh of less than 1 / 4 wavelength can achieve a relatively good shielding effect.

[0081] In this example, a portion of the electromagnetic shield is located on the first side of the base station module, while another portion is positioned parallel to the rear surface of the module. This shields not only the energy from the upper sidelobe of the base station module when viewed from the front, but also the energy from the upper sidelobe of the module when viewed from the rear. The electromagnetic shield is also located on the second and third side surfaces of the base station module to shield the energy from the upper sidelobe when viewed from the side.

[0082] The following describes other shapes of electromagnetic shielding covers provided in embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figures 6a-6c, electromagnetic shielding cover 600 includes a first portion 601, a second portion 602, and a third portion 603. Compared to electromagnetic shielding cover 400 shown in Figure 4a, electromagnetic shielding cover 600 has been modified in size or shape.

[0083] 7 , the electromagnetic shielding cover 700 includes a first portion 701, a second portion 702, and a third portion 703. Compared to the electromagnetic shielding cover 400 shown in FIG4 a , the length of the first portion 701 of the electromagnetic shielding cover 700 is shortened.

[0084] For example, as shown in Figure 8 , the electromagnetic shield 800 includes a first portion 801, a second portion 802, and a third portion 803. As shown in Figure 8 , the angle between the side shield (third portion 803) and the back shield (second portion 802) is 30° (this figure is for illustration only; other angles are possible and are not a limitation of this embodiment), further reducing the size compared to Figure 7 .

[0085] As shown in Figure 9, electromagnetic shield 900 includes a first portion 901, a second portion 902, and a third portion 903. As shown in Figure 10, electromagnetic shield 1000 includes a first portion 1001, a second portion 1002, and a third portion 1003. Figures 9 and 10 are based on Figure 8, with the side shield 903 in Figure 9 being straight-lined and the side shield 1003 in Figure 10 being curved and angled. This restores the base station module's horizontal scanning capability to ±60°.

[0086] The electromagnetic shield 1100 shown in FIG11 includes a first portion 1101 and a second portion 1102. In other words, the electromagnetic shield in this example does not include a side shield portion. The electromagnetic shield 1100 is used to shield the energy of the frontal upper side lobe and the energy of the rear upper side lobe.

[0087] The electromagnetic shield 1200 shown in FIG12 includes a first portion 1201, a second portion 1202, and a third portion 1203. It has been further optimized in terms of size. For example, compared to FIG11, the first portion 1201 in FIG12 is smaller, and a third portion 1203 is added.

[0088] The electromagnetic shield 1300 shown in FIG13a includes a first portion 1301, a second portion 1302, and a third portion 1303. The electromagnetic shield 1300 has an arc cut on the upper side lobe shield (i.e., the first portion 1301). This design reduces weight without compromising performance.

[0089] As shown in Figure 13b, through experimental comparison of the EIRP templates of an ordinary base station (A in Figure 13b) and a base station equipped with an electromagnetic shield (B in Figure 13b), it was found that in the far and middle angle ranges of 30° to 90° at various elevation angles in the upper half of the airspace, the base station equipped with an electromagnetic shield has a suppression capability improved by about 5dB compared with the ordinary base station, and there is also a certain improvement in the near-end angle range of 0° to 30°.

[0090] The above example introduces the first electromagnetic shielding cover provided by the present application. The embodiment of the present application also provides an electromagnetic shielding cover. As shown in Figure 14, the shape of the electromagnetic shielding cover 1400 is an umbrella. It can be understood that the umbrella shape can be a conventional umbrella shape or a polygon, for example, the sides of the umbrella shape are straight, etc., and this solution does not limit this. Based on the electromagnetic shielding cover 1400, it is possible to shield the energy of the upper side lobe radiated by the base station module or site. Exemplarily, the electromagnetic shielding cover is called an umbrella-shaped site-level electromagnetic shielding cover, or an umbrella-shaped shielding cover.

[0091] Optionally, the electromagnetic shield can be used with one or more base station modules. For example, the electromagnetic shield is hung on a station that includes multiple base station modules.

[0092] In a possible implementation, when the U6G base station is hung at the highest point of the site, the electromagnetic shielding cover is in an umbrella shape.

[0093] In one possible implementation, the outer radius of the umbrella-shaped electromagnetic shield extends to a distance of 0.5 to 1H, where H is the height of the base station module. For example, the ring surface has a certain downward tilt angle with the pole. As will be understood, the pole is a metal pole used to secure the base station module. The pole can be placed vertically, and the back of the base station module is fixed to the pole by some device.

[0094] In a possible implementation, an absorbing material or an EBG structure may be provided on the outer edge of the umbrella-shaped electromagnetic shielding cover to prevent surface wave diffraction.

[0095] In a possible implementation, the electromagnetic shielding cover may be made of at least one of a metal plate, metallized plastic, a hollow metal plate, a metal mesh, and the like.

[0096] Optionally, the electromagnetic shield is made of a metal mesh with a predetermined mesh size, which can shield U6G band signals. For example, a mesh spacing of the metal mesh of less than 1 / 4 wavelength can achieve a relatively good shielding effect.

[0097] In one possible implementation, the electromagnetic shield may use frequency selective surface (FSS) technology. For example, the FSS has a stopband range of U6G frequency band and a passband range of the operating frequencies of other base stations at the site.

[0098] This example only uses an umbrella-shaped electromagnetic shield as an example. It can also be in other shapes as long as it can shield the energy of the upper side lobe radiated by the base station module or site.

[0099] Optionally, the umbrella-shaped electromagnetic shielding cover can be the first portion 401 (i.e., the upper side lobe when viewed from the front) in the embodiment shown in FIG4a . Since the site-level shielding cover covers multiple base stations at a site and is larger in size, it can eliminate the need for separate designs of side shielding covers and rear lobe shielding covers compared to the electromagnetic shielding cover of the aforementioned embodiment.

[0100] Alternatively, as shown in Figure 15, the electromagnetic shielding cover 1500 may also be annular. For example, according to the hanging height of the U6G base station, when the U6G base station is hung at a certain height in the middle of the site, the electromagnetic shielding cover is annular.

[0101] It is understood that the annular electromagnetic shielding cover can be a single, integrated unit. The annular electromagnetic shielding cover can also be assembled to form the aforementioned umbrella-shaped electromagnetic shielding cover. In other words, the umbrella-shaped electromagnetic shielding cover can be integrated. The umbrella-shaped electromagnetic shielding cover can also include at least two parts, one of which is the annular electromagnetic shielding cover. The other part can be detachable or foldable, etc., which is not limited in this solution.

[0102] This solution starts with the physical structure, solves the problem of upper sidelobe suppression, and avoids the three pain points of amplitude weighting, namely: amplitude weighted EIRP loss, high requirements for amplitude weighted degrees of freedom, and poor resistance to channel errors of amplitude weighting. Referring to Figure 16a, it shows the simulation comparison of the upper sidelobe suppression performance of this solution and ordinary base stations. By comparing the upper sidelobe suppression performance of this solution with that of ordinary base stations, the vertical direction unit is set not to perform amplitude weighting and all adopt a one-drive-three architecture, and the lengths of the upper sidelobe shielding cover are 0H, 1H, and 2H respectively. Comparing the average EIRP templates of these three cases (as shown in A, B and C in Figure 16a), it can be found that this solution can provide better suppression effect, especially for the upper sidelobe energy caused by the grating lobe of 30~60°. It has a significant suppressive effect, overcoming the power loss and RF channel flexibility problems of amplitude weighting.

[0103] While this solution utilizes physical shielding, potentially making it less sensitive to channel errors, it maintains its suppression effectiveness even with large channel errors. Experiments have shown that, using 40dB Taylor amplitude weighting, the Γ shielding of this solution results in minimal near-end degradation and virtually no far-end degradation. Conversely, both near-end and far-end suppression capabilities weaken with increasing error.

[0104] Moreover, the side shielding cover of this solution also plays a key role in improving the suppression degree. Through experiments, it was found that if the side shielding cover is removed, the suppression capability will drop by about 5dB. However, if the side shielding cover is not cut at an angle, the side angle is very small, which will limit the horizontal scanning capability of the base station. Referring to A and B in Figure 16b, for example, when the angle is 30°, the horizontal scanning beam of ±60° is basically not formed. By adopting this solution, by setting the appropriate angle and cutting curve, it is possible to achieve good suppression capability while avoiding excessive impact on the horizontal scanning capability and excessive shielding cover size.

[0105] Furthermore, this solution can further enhance the suppression capability by installing absorbing material on the edge of the electromagnetic shield. Experiments have shown that, when the upper sidelobe shield is dimensioned at H, the absorbing material improves the suppression by 5dB in the upper sidelobe angle region compared to the absorbing material-free absorbing material.

[0106] Furthermore, the electromagnetic shielding cover in this solution can be implemented as a hollow metal mesh structure, as shown in Figure 16c. This reduces wind resistance and minimizes the shield's impact on base station heat dissipation. The mesh size of the metal mesh is designed to shield U6G band signals. Generally, a mesh spacing of less than 1 / 4 wavelength achieves a relatively good shielding effect.

[0107] On the one hand, considering that the site may be equipped with base stations of multiple frequency bands, such as the sub-3GHz base stations that have been deployed. The shielding cover technology for the U6G band introduced to achieve satellite coexistence must not affect the base stations of the original frequency band. Especially in the scenario where high-rise coverage is required as shown in Figure 16d, in this scenario, the sub-3GHz base station needs to generate an upward scanning beam to cover high-rise users, but the shielding cover may block this signal. This scenario requires the design of a shielding cover that can transmit sub-3GHz signals and suppress U6G signals. The electromagnetic shielding cover designed with the sampled FSS provided in this solution can have different responses to different frequencies, which can solve the above problems.

[0108] This solution can be applied to scenarios where the operating frequency bands of U6G mobile communications and satellite uplink services overlap. As shown in Figure 17, this solution can reduce the interference of base stations on satellites by improving the upper sidelobe suppression capability, enabling the coexistence of mobile communications services and satellite services in the new frequency band. It is understandable that this solution can also be applied to scenarios other than U6G. In the future, mobile communications technology (Integrated Mobile Telecommunications, IMT) will introduce more frequency band resources to meet the requirements of capacity, speed, and experience, such as the U6G frequency band (6.425-7.125 GHz) identified by the 2023 World Radiocommunication Conference (WRC-23), and the 7.125-8.4 GHz frequency band that has been included in the scope of discussion and research. These frequency bands all have other services, and U6G has uplink services for geosynchronous earth orbit satellites (GSO). In order to protect existing services from interference from new mobile communications services, it is necessary to limit the radiation of mobile communications base stations to the upper half of the space, so that the interference with existing services is kept within a certain threshold, allowing the two services to coexist. This scenario is referred to as the satellite coexistence scenario. This solution can be applied to this scenario to reduce base station radiation into upper space. It's understandable that this solution can be extended to more frequency bands where satellite services are available. For example, mid- and high-frequency bands like 10-15 GHz are also likely to be used for mobile communications in the future. Therefore, this solution isn't limited to specific frequency bands; any frequency band where satellite services are available and potentially used for mobile communications can be used to achieve satellite coexistence.

[0109] It should be noted that in the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between the various embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their internal logical relationships.

[0110] It should be understood that in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, " / " indicates that the objects associated with each other are in an "or" relationship. For example, A / B can mean A or B; where A and B can be singular or plural. Also, in the description of this application, unless otherwise specified, "multiple" means two or more than two. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or plural. In addition, to facilitate the clear description of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application, in the embodiments of this application, words such as "first" and "second" are used to distinguish between identical or similar items with substantially the same functions and effects. Those skilled in the art will understand that words such as "first" and "second" do not limit the quantity or execution order, and words such as "first" and "second" do not necessarily mean different. At the same time, in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplary" or "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of this application should not be interpreted as being more preferred or more advantageous than other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of words such as "exemplary" or "for example" is intended to present the relevant concepts in a concrete manner to facilitate understanding.

[0111] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices, and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division, and there may be other division methods in actual implementation. For example, multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. The mutual coupling, direct coupling, or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interface, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, and can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0112] Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0113] In the above embodiments, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, all or part of the embodiments may be implemented in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions according to the embodiments of the present application are generated. The computer may be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted via the computer-readable storage medium. The computer instructions may be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data center to another website, computer, server, or data center via a wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium may be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrated therein. The available medium may be a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic medium such as a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape, a magnetic disk, or an optical medium such as a digital versatile disc (DVD), or a semiconductor medium such as a solid state disk (SSD).

[0114] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic shielding cover, characterized in that, The electromagnetic shielding cover is provided on the first side of the base station module, and the electromagnetic shielding cover is perpendicular to the top surface of the base station module. The electromagnetic shielding cover extends along the direction perpendicular to the top surface of the base station module, and the height of the electromagnetic shielding cover is higher than the thickness of the base station module by a first height. The energy radiated by the base station module includes the energy of the front upper sidelobe, and the electromagnetic shielding cover is used to shield the energy of the front upper sidelobe.

2. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to claim 1, wherein The first height is related to the height of the base station module.

3. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The electromagnetic shielding cover is also arranged parallel to the back surface of the base station module. The energy radiated by the base station module also includes the energy of the rear upper sidelobe, and the electromagnetic shielding cover is also used to shield the energy of the rear upper sidelobe.

4. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, The electromagnetic shielding cover is also provided on the second side and the third side of the base station module, wherein the second side and the third side are respectively connected to the first side. The energy radiated by the base station module also includes the energy of the oblique upper sidelobe, and the electromagnetic shielding cover is also used to shield the energy of the oblique upper sidelobe.

5. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to claim 4, wherein the electromagnetic shielding cover comprises a first part, a second part and a third part, and the first part, the second part and the third part are respectively used to shield the energy of the front upper sidelobe, the rear upper sidelobe and the oblique upper sidelobe.

6. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to claim 5, wherein, The shape of the first part is umbrella-shaped or annular.

7. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to claim 5, wherein The shape of the outer edge of the first part is arc-shaped.

8. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to any one of claims 7, characterized in that, The outer edge of the first part is provided with an absorbing material or an electromagnetic bandgap (EBG) structure to suppress the surface wave of the base station module.

9. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to any one of claims 5 to 8, characterized in that, The size of the second part is greater than or equal to the size of the base station module.

10. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to any one of claims 5 to 9, characterized in that, The shape of the third part is a concave curve.

11. The electromagnetic shielding cover according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that, The shape of the electromagnetic shielding cover is a metal mesh, and the mesh size of the metal mesh is a quarter wavelength; or, the electromagnetic shielding cover is made based on a frequency selective surface (FSS), and the stopband range of the FSS is the U6G band.

12. A site, characterized in that, It includes the electromagnetic shielding cover according to any one of claims 1-11, and at least one base station module.

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