Roof-covering element for generating power

Abstract

The invention relates to a roof-covering element (1) for generating power, at least consisting of a moulded body having power-producing equipment elements. In order to achieve optimal power generation, the moulded body has, on the surface (8) directed upwards, at least one raised formation (6) with an access opening (9) directed towards the eaves, which raised formation is provided for the accommodation and seating of the energy-producing equipment features. Generating energy by means of photovoltaic elements (11) and energy generators (10) makes it possible to produce energy even during the night. In addition, due to the heating of the roof-covering elements, the thermal energy is conveyed by a cooling medium in hollow bodies (13) to a heat exchanger, so that this thermal energy can also be used during the day in order to heat industrial water, for example.

Description

[0001] Roof covering element for energy generation

[0002] The invention relates to a roof covering element for energy generation, consisting of a shaped body with energy-producing equipment elements, and a method for energy generation.

[0003] Roof covering elements are known in the form of roof tiles and are used to cover a roof surface, provided that the roof has a sufficient angle of inclination to allow the water masses generated by rainfall to drain away. For example, familiar roof tiles in the form of concrete blocks or clay pans have a wave shape, which is S-shaped and equipped with a depression and a raised area. In addition, roof tiles are known that are flat in the middle and have a curve on one long side, which serves to overlap adjacent roof tiles. For this purpose, the opposite, parallel side of the roof tile has one or more grooves, into which webs formed on the underside of the roof tile engage.These ridges are located below the curvature, with the existing curvatures in the lower edge area of ​​the roof tile being closed to form a covering, allowing water to drain onto the roof tile below. On the opposite narrow side, a contact surface is formed, which may be equipped with a raised edge and is intended for the attachment of the next higher roof tile. This ensures complete roof coverage with continuous rainwater drainage.

[0004] Since roof areas are usually very large, perhaps only interrupted by skylights, they are ideal for generating energy. In most cases, photovoltaic modules are mounted above the roof tiles using mounting rails. The rails themselves are attached to the rafters using hooks, ensuring that rainwater can drain away by overlapping the roof tiles. The individual photovoltaic modules are placed on the mounting rails and screwed into place. After the appropriate cabling, electricity can be generated using solar energy. This electricity can either be fed into a higher-level grid, used for internal consumption, or used within the house to charge batteries.

[0005] Alternatively, it is possible to equip individual roof tiles with smaller photovoltaic modules, which are electrically connected to each other. In addition, the roof tiles and photovoltaic modules are heated up by intense sunlight, and this thermal heating can also be used. For example, media-carrying pipes can be laid beneath the roof tiles, usually using water as the medium. The water heated in this way can, for example, be fed into an existing heating system via a heat exchanger and used in particular for hot water preparation. Typically, there is a storage tank for hot water supply, the contents of which are heated to a desired temperature with the help of the heating system. The heat exchanger therefore makes it possible to use the waste heat from the medium to maintain the temperature of the water tank or to heat it up.

[0006] The aim here is to achieve the greatest possible energy production, but in most cases this goal is not achieved.

[0007] In order to increase the energy yield, the present application is based on the task of generating optimal energy from a roof area.

[0008] To achieve this objective, the molded body has at least one raised protrusion on the upwardly facing surface with an access opening directed toward the eaves, which is intended for receiving and installing the energy-producing equipment elements. Further embodiments of the invention can be found in the dependent claims. The invention provides raised protrusions that protrude from the roof tile plane, with these additional protrusions having an access opening arranged toward the eaves. The additional protrusions are intended for receiving and installing the energy-producing equipment elements.This allows for some of the energy-generating elements to be routed above the roof tile over the recess, while other energy-generating equipment elements can be installed within the recess, which can be installed in the existing access opening. This makes it possible to arrange photovoltaic elements above the roof tile and the recess, and for example, to install a power generator below the recess, which is powered by the rising airflow.

[0009] To prevent the accumulation of moisture beneath the roof tiles, the roof surfaces are provided with openings to ensure adequate ventilation. For this reason, the roof tiles are attached to roof battens that are spaced appropriately from the rest of the roof insulation, with inlet and outlet openings arranged both on the top edge and in the ridge area. In this case, there is also the option of an ascending airflow along the roof surface through the access opening below the roof surface due to the design with an access opening. This not only serves to improve rear ventilation but also advantageously generates energy by powering the power generators, which are each equipped with a wind turbine located directly behind the access opening. The airflow drives the wind turbine and thus the generator, which supplies the required electricity.

[0010] The present invention thus enables dual energy generation: firstly, through solar radiation and, secondly, through an airflow gliding across the roof surface, which is directed beneath the roof tiles as rear ventilation and used to drive the power generators. The advantage of the power generators is that they can continue to generate electricity after sunset. Each individual roof tile of the roof covering can be equipped in this way, but only parts of the roof surface can also be equipped with the roof covering elements according to the invention to produce a sufficient amount of electricity.

[0011] In one embodiment of the invention, two or three moldings are provided for each roof covering element, thereby increasing the number of generators and enlarging the covering area. Furthermore, the molding consists of a rounded dome that is integrally connected to the molded body. Such roof tiles can thus be manufactured in the desired shape in a single operation.

[0012] In a further embodiment of the invention, the at least one protrusion has a streamlined shape that tapers backward from the lower edge of the shaped body to allow the airflow to flow past each protrusion. A single or even number of protrusions is aligned with the lower edge, and an odd number of protrusions are arranged alternately at the lower edge and offset from this lower edge. The shaped bodies provided here have a lateral and rear overlap area, as is usual with roof tiles.

[0013] In a further particular embodiment of the invention, the underside of the molded body is equipped with a cooling surface or a coolant-carrying hollow body. In order to also utilize the thermal energy, the molded bodies are equipped with a cooling surface or a coolant-carrying hollow body. Such cooling surfaces or hollow bodies can be attached below the molded body or embedded in the molded body. If the coolant-carrying hollow bodies are used, for example water, this can be circulated to a heat exchanger in order to supply the water temperature, for example to an internal piping system or a water tank. In this way, it is possible to provide an additional hot water supply within the building using the heated water and the heat exchanger, which can also result in energy savings.

[0014] To generate energy from solar radiation, the molded body and the molding are covered with an elastic photovoltaic element that can be adapted to the existing shape and not only offers an enlarged surface for the photovoltaic modules, but also allows different orientations of the photovoltaic modules due to the shape, so that the solar radiation can be utilized throughout the day, both in the morning and in the evening.

[0015] In a further embodiment of the invention, it is provided that the photovoltaic elements and power generators of adjacent molded bodies are at least partially electrically connected to one another, and / or that the hollow bodies of adjacent molded bodies are at least partially fluidically connected to one another. By connecting the photovoltaic elements to one another and also the power generators, the electricity generated can be fed directly into the house power supply for consumption via individual supply lines, but can also be used to charge batteries if necessary in order to enable supply during the night. The connection between the adjacent hollow bodies also serves to supply the heated medium, for example water, to the heat exchanger so that the thermal heat can also be fully utilized.

[0016] To solve the problem, a method for energy generation is provided, wherein the roof covering element is used with photovoltaic elements, power generators and / or medium-carrying hollow bodies, wherein the electricity generated from the photovoltaic elements and power generators is fed to a storage element or used to supply energy in a building, wherein the power generators are driven by the rising air flow flowing over the surface of the shaped body and

[0017] - the medium flowing through the hollow bodies is used to cool the molded bodies and / or photovoltaic elements and the waste heat is fed to a heat exchanger or storage unit.

[0018] The process utilizes solar radiation and wind-driven power generators to generate energy. Thermal energy is generated by heating the roofing elements and absorbing heat from the medium in the hollow body. This waste heat is generated by the molded bodies and photovoltaic elements. This thermal energy can be utilized by heating the medium contained in the hollow bodies. Water, for example, can be used as the medium, allowing the use of commercially available heat exchangers. All three energy generation options can be used simultaneously, individually, or in combinations.

[0019] The present invention is based on the particular advantage that a roof covering element makes it possible to generate electricity from solar radiation, but also from winds rising along the roof slope. The incident solar radiation, with its simultaneous heating of the roof covering elements and the photovoltaic systems, provides thermal energy generation, which can be fed into a heat exchanger. In this way, the energy generation of an existing roof area is maximized and leads to a very good self-sufficiency of a building in terms of both its electricity and heat requirements.

[0020] The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to the figures.

[0021] Fig. 1 in three views a roof covering element according to the invention with an additional shape and

[0022] Fig. 2 another roof element in three views with a total of three shapes.

[0023] Figure 1 shows a plan view and two side views of a roof covering element 1 in a rectangular configuration with two long sides 2, 3 and two transverse sides 4, 5. The roof covering element 1 is shown schematically and does not have any raised edges or overlapping surfaces, as are found, for example, in conventional roof tiles. The roof covering element 1 in the embodiment shown can therefore have any desired edge elements, with an additional protrusion 6 essentially being present in this embodiment variant. The protrusion 6 borders the lower transverse side 5 with its dimensions and has a streamlined shape, which, starting from the transverse side 5, tapers backwards towards the transverse side 4. In this embodiment, the protrusion 6 is arranged symmetrically on the roof covering element 1. The long sides 2, 3 and transverse sides 4, 5 delimit a roof surface 8.

[0024] From a first side view it can be seen that the formation 6 is streamlined towards the rear and the rear end 7 ends on the roof surface 8.

[0025] In a further side view looking at the formation 6, the shape is evident. The formation 6 not only has a streamlined shape, but also a rounded curvature that is formed integrally with the roof covering element. Furthermore, the formation 6 has an access opening 9 on the lower transverse side 5, which is provided for receiving a power generator 10. The air flowing over the roof covering can penetrate into the formation 6 through the access opening 9 and serves, on the one hand, to improve rear ventilation of the roof covering, but essentially to drive the power generators 10 for power generation. A photovoltaic element 11 is applied over the entire surface of the roof covering element 1 and extends over the shape of the formation 6 due to its elasticity. Wiring of the photovoltaic element 11 to neighboring elements is not shown in this case.

[0026] The roof covering element 1 has hollow bodies 13 in the flat base body 12, through which a medium flows, for example water, in order to cool the shaped body of the roof covering element 1, wherein the waste heat can be released to a hot water storage tank via a heat exchanger.

[0027] Figure 2 shows an alternative embodiment of a roof element 1', which has a similar structure with two longitudinal sides 20, 21 and two transverse sides 22, 23. A photovoltaic element 25 is also arranged on the rectangular surface 24, with the photovoltaic element 25 extending over three shown formations 26, 27, 28 in this illustrated embodiment.

[0028] A first side view, along connecting line AA, shows a section through a recess 26, which serves to accommodate a power generator 29. The two further recesses 27, 28 are also provided to accommodate a power generator, with the three recesses 26, 27, 28 each having an access opening 30, 31, 32 on the inlet side. A power generator 29, 33, 34 with an impeller is integrated into each of the recesses 26, 27, 28. Wiring for the photovoltaic element 25 is also not shown in this embodiment.

[0029] In this embodiment, the molded body is provided with a hollow body 35 embedded in the molded body, through which a medium, for example water, flows to cool the roof covering elements 1' heated by solar radiation and to supply the heat thus obtained to a heat exchanger (not shown). In this case, too, the hollow bodies 35 of adjacent roof covering elements 1' are connected to one another to form a closed system leading to the heat exchanger.

[0030] List of reference symbols

[0031] 1 roof covering element

[0032] 2 long side

[0033] 3 long side

[0034] 4 short side

[0035] 5 short side

[0036] 6 Formation

[0037] 7 rear end

[0038] 8 roof area

[0039] 9 Access opening

[0040] 10 power generator

[0041] 11 Photovoltaic element

[0042] 12 basic bodies

[0043] 13 hollow bodies

[0044] 20 long side

[0045] 21 Long side

[0046] 22 short side

[0047] 23 short side

[0048] 24 rectangular areas

[0049] 25 photovoltaic elements

[0050] 26 Formation

[0051] 27 Formation

[0052] 28 Formation

[0053] 29 Power generator

[0054] 30 Access opening

[0055] 31 Access opening

[0056] 32 Access opening

[0057] 33 Power generator

[0058] 34 power generator

Claims

Patent claims 1. Roof covering element (1, T) for energy generation, at least consisting of a shaped body with energy-producing equipment elements, characterized in that the shaped body has on the upwardly oriented surface (8) at least one raised formation (6, 26, 27, 28) with an access opening (9, 30, 31, 32) oriented towards the eaves, which is provided for receiving and installing the energy-producing equipment features.

2. Roof covering element (1, T) according to claim 1, characterized in that two or three formations (6, 26, 27, 28) are provided for each roof covering element (1, T).

3. Roof covering element (1, T) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the at least one formation (6, 26, 27, 28) consists of a round curvature which is integrally connected to the shaped body.

4. Roof covering element (1, T) according to one of claims 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that the at least one formation (6, 26, 27, 28) has a streamlined shape which tapers backwards from the lower edge of the shaped body.

5. Roof covering element (1, 1') according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that a single or even number of formations (6, 26, 27, 28) are aligned at the lower edge and an odd number of formations (6, 26, 27, 28) are arranged alternately at the lower edge and offset from this lower edge.

6. Roof covering element (1, 1') according to one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the shaped body has a lateral and rear covering area as is usual with a roof tile.

7. Roof covering element (1, 1') according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that that the underside of the shaped body is equipped with a cooling surface or a coolant-carrying hollow body (13).

8. Roof covering element (1, 1') according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that a hollow body (13) carrying a cooling medium is embedded in the molded body.

9. Roof covering element (1, 1') according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the shaped body and the formation (6, 26, 27, 28) are covered with an elastic photovoltaic element (11, 25).

10. Roof covering element (1, 1') according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the formation (6, 26, 27, 28) is provided for receiving a power generator (10, 29, 33, 34).

11. Roof covering element (1, 1') according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that that the photovoltaic elements (11, 25) and power generators (10, 29, 33, 34) of adjacent molded bodies are at least partially electrically connected to one another, and / or that the hollow bodies (13) of adjacent molded bodies are at least partially fluidically connected to one another.

12. Method for generating energy by means of a roof covering element (1, 1') with photovoltaic elements (11, 25), power generators (10, 29, 33, 34) and / or medium-conducting hollow bodies (13), wherein - the electricity generated from the photovoltaic elements (11, 25) and power generators (10, 29, 33, 34) is fed to a storage element or used to supply energy in a building, wherein the power generators (10, 29, 33, 34) are driven by the rising air flow flowing over the surface of the shaped bodies, and - that the medium flowing through the hollow bodies (13) is used to cool the shaped bodies and / or photovoltaic elements (11, 25) and the waste heat is fed to a heat exchanger or storage unit.

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