Configuration for in-band carrier wave transmission

Abstract

Various aspects of the present disclosure relate to configuration for in-band carrier wave transmission. Different configurations are used for baseband generation and in-band transmission of a carrier wave from a user equipment (UE), as an external node for emission, to an ambient Internet of things device in UL band. The carrier wave is generated, for example during generation of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) / discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-s-OFDM data symbols and multiplexed with UE data in baseband.

Description

CONFIGURATION FOR IN-BAND CARRIER WAVE TRANSMISSIONRELATED APPLICATION

[0001] This application claims priority to U.S. Patent Application Serial No. 63 / 553,368 filed February 14, 2024 entitled “CONFIGURATION FOR IN-BAND CARRIER WAVE TRANSMISSION,” the disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present disclosure relates to wireless communications, and more specifically to configuring one or more devices for in-band carrier wave transmission.BACKGROUND

[0003] A wireless communications system may include one or multiple network communication devices, which may otherwise be known as network equipment (NE), supporting wireless communications for one or multiple user communication devices, which may be otherwise known as user equipment (UE), or other suitable terminology. The wireless communications system may support wireless communications with one or multiple user communication devices by utilizing resources of the wireless communication system (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers, or the like)). Additionally, the wireless communications system may support wireless communications across various radio access technologies including third generation (3G) radio access technology, fourth generation (4G) radio access technology, fifth generation (5G) radio access technology, among other suitable radio access technologies beyond 5G (e.g., sixth generation (6G)).SUMMARY

[0004] An article “a” before an element is unrestricted and understood to refer to “at least one” of those elements or “one or more” of those elements. The terms “a,” “at least one,” “one or more,” and “at least one of one or more” may be interchangeable. As used herein, including in the claims, “or” as used in a list of items (e.g., a list of items prefaced by a phrase such as “at least one of’ or “one or more of’ or “one or both of’) indicates an inclusive list such that, for example, a list of at least one of A, B, or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Byway of another example, a list of at least one of A; B; or C means A or B or C or AB or AC or BC or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Also, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall not be construed as a reference to a closed set of conditions. For example, an example step that is described as “based on condition A” may be based on both a condition A and a condition B without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. In other words, as used herein, the phrase “based on” shall be construed in the same manner as the phrase “based at least in part on”. Further, as used herein, including in the claims, a “set” may include one or more elements.

[0005] A UE for wireless communication is described. The UE may be configured to, capable of, or operable to perform one or more operations as described herein. For example, the UE may be configured to, capable of, or operable to receive a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, wherein the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an ambient Internet of things (AIoT) device; receive a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; and transmit the carrier wave and the preamble on the set of one or more uplink resources.

[0006] A processor (e.g., a standalone processor chipset, or a component of a UE) for wireless communication is described. The processor may be configured to, capable of, or operable to perform one or more operations as described herein. For example, the processor may be configured to, capable of, or operable to receive a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, wherein the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an AIoT device; receive a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; and transmit the carrier wave and the preamble on the set of one or more uplink resources.

[0007] A method performed or performable by a UE for wireless communication is described. The method may include receiving a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, wherein the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an AIoT device; receiving a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; and transmitting the carrier wave and the preamble on the set of one or more uplink resources.

[0008] In some implementations of the UE, processor, and method described herein, the UE, processor, and method may further be configured to, capable of, performed, performable, or operable to receive the first configuration in downlink control information (DCI).

[0009] In some implementations of the UE, processor, and method described herein, the UE, processor, and method may further be configured to, capable of, performed, performable, or operable to receive the first configuration in a radio resource control (RRC) message.

[0010] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, the transmission of the carrier wave is periodic based at least in part on the first configuration, and the UE, processor, and method may further be configured to, capable of, performed, performable, or operable to activate or deactivate the transmission of the carrier wave based at least in part on DCI, wherein the set of one or more uplink resources comprises one or more configured grant resources.

[0011] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, the first configuration indicates to mute a set of one or more sub-carriers located between a set of one or more sub-carriers of the carrier wave and a set of one or more data sub-carriers of the UE.

[0012] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, the first configuration assigns an un-modulated single sub-carrier generated within an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, and wherein the carrier wave comprises the unmodulated single sub-carrier generated within the OFDM symbol.

[0013] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, the AIoT device is one of multiple AIoT devices each having a different frequency response, and wherein different sub-carriers are assigned to different ones of the multiple AIoT devices.

[0014] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, the first configuration assigns un-modulated multiple sub-carriers generated within an OFDM symbol to be used as the carrier wave.

[0015] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, a number of sub-carriers in the multiple sub-carriers is based on a configured sub-carrier spacing (SCS) for uplink transmission.

[0016] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, the multiple sub-carriers are spread with discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to reduce peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of a generated symbol.

[0017] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, a phase of a carrier wave sub-carrier or sub-carriers is different than phases of modulated sub-carriers used for transmitting UE data.

[0018] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, the second configuration identifies a pattern for transmission of the preamble prior to the transmission of the carrier wave from the UE.

[0019] In some implementations of the UE, the processor, and the method described herein, the preamble synchronizes backscattering from the AIoT device with one or more uplink slot boundaries and corrects a timing synchronization for backscattering from the AIoT device.

[0020] In some implementations of the UE, processor, and method described herein, the UE, processor, and method may further be configured to, capable of, performed, performable, or operable to modulate the preamble using at least one of amplitude shift keying (ASK) or phase shift keying (PSK).

[0021] In some implementations of the UE, processor, and method described herein, the UE, processor, and method may further be configured to, capable of, performed, performable, or operable to terminate the preamble with a synch word that indicates an ending of the preamble.

[0022] In some implementations of the UE, processor, and method described herein, the UE, processor, and method may further be configured to, capable of, performed, performable, or operable to transmit the preamble periodically during each of one or more slots or frames.

[0023] An NE (e.g., a base station) for wireless communication is described. The NE may be configured to, capable of, or operable to perform one or more operations as described herein. For example, the NE may be configured to, capable of, or operable to transmit a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, wherein the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an AIoT device; transmit a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device;and transmit a third configuration for reception of the preamble from a UE and backscattering the carrier wave.

[0024] A processor (e.g., a standalone processor chipset, or a component of a NE (e.g., a base station)) for wireless communication is described. The processor may be configured to, capable of, or operable to perform one or more operations as described herein. For example, the processor may be configured to, capable of, or operable to transmit a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, wherein the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an AIoT device; transmit a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; and transmit a third configuration for reception of the preamble from a UE and backscattering the carrier wave.

[0025] A method performed or performable by an NE (e.g., a base station) for wireless communication is described. The method may include transmitting a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, wherein the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an AIoT device; transmitting a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; and transmitting a third configuration for reception of the preamble from a UE and backscattering the carrier wave.

[0026] In some implementations of the NE, processor, and method described herein, the NE, processor, and method may further be configured to, capable of, performed, performable, or operable to transmit the first configuration in DCI.

[0027] In some implementations of the NE, processor, and method described herein, the NE, processor, and method may further be configured to, capable of, performed, performable, or operable to transmit the first configuration in a RRC message.

[0028] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the transmission of the carrier wave is periodic based at least in part on the first configuration, and the NE, processor, and method may further be configured to, capable of, performed, performable, or operable to activate or deactivate the transmission of the carrier wave based at least in part on DCI, wherein the set of one or more uplink resources comprise one or more configured grant resources.

[0029] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the first configuration indicates to mute a set of one or more sub-carriers located between a set of one or more sub-carriers of the carrier wave and a set of one or more data sub-carriers of the UE.

[0030] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the first configuration assigns an un-modulated single sub-carrier generated within an OFDM symbol, and wherein the carrier wave comprises the un-modulated single sub-carrier generated within the OFDM symbol.

[0031] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the AIoT device is one of multiple AIoT devices each having a different frequency response, and wherein different sub-carriers are assigned to different ones of the multiple AIoT devices.

[0032] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the first configuration assigns un-modulated multiple sub-carriers generated within an OFDM symbol to be used as the carrier wave.

[0033] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, a number of sub-carriers in the multiple sub-carriers is based on a configured SCS for uplink transmission.

[0034] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the multiple sub-carriers are spread with DFT to reduce PAPR of a generated symbol.

[0035] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, a phase of a carrier wave sub-carrier or sub-carriers is different than phases of modulated sub-carriers used for transmitting UE data.

[0036] 28 In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the second configuration identifies a pattern for transmission of the preamble prior to the transmission of the carrier wave from the UE.

[0037] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the preamble synchronizes backscattering from the AIoT device with one or more uplink slot boundaries and corrects a timing synchronization for backscattering from the AIoT device.

[0038] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the preamble is modulated with at least one of ASK or PSK.

[0039] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the preamble is terminated with a synch word that indicates an ending of the preamble.

[0040] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the preamble is transmitted periodically during each of one or more slots or frames.

[0041] In some implementations of the NE, the processor, and the method described herein, the third configuration includes instructions to the AIoT device for receiving the synchronization preamble and for backscattering the carrier wave during a configured monitoring time window.BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0043] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0044] Figure 3 illustrates an example of generating a carrier wave in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0045] Figure 4 illustrates an example of generating a carrier wave in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0046] Figure 5 illustrates an example of a transmitted carrier wave in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0047] Figure 6 illustrates an example of transmitting a synchronization preamble in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0048] Figure 7 illustrates an example of a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0049] Figure 8 illustrates an example of a processor in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0050] Figure 9 illustrates an example of a network equipment (NE) in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0051] Figure 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by a UE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.

[0052] Figure 11 illustrates a flowchart of a method performed by a NE in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure.DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0053] For various applications, numerous (e.g., billions) of loT devices are expected to be deployed in a wireless communications system. However, it is difficult to power this large number of devices with batteries that need to be replaced for re-charging, which leads to high maintenance cost. Accordingly, devices that consume very low power and / or rely on harvesting the energy are considered. One example of such a device is a device (e.g., referred to as a passive device) that has no energy storage, no independent signal generation, and uses backscattering transmission. Another example of such a device is a device (e.g., referred to as a semi-passive device) that has energy storage, no independent signal generation, and uses backscattering transmission. Use of stored energy can include amplification for reflected signals. Another example of such a device is a device (e.g., referred to as an active device) that has energy storage, has independent signal generation (e.g., an active RF component for transmission), and may use backscattering transmission.

[0054] loT devices may include AIoT devices. An AIoT device refers to a low-power (e.g., self- powered) sensor or device, which is typically small and / or low-cost. There are different topologies and deployment scenarios of AIoT devices. Examples of these topologies include a topology where a base station acts as reader and as source of a carrier wave, a topology where the base station acts as a reader but another device is used as a source of the carrier wave, a topology where the base station acts as a controller and another intermediate node is used as a reader and as a source of the carrier wave, and so forth.

[0055] The techniques discussed herein provide solutions and configurations for baseband generation and transmission of a carrier wave reusing baseband transmit (Tx) features. Different configurations for baseband generation and in-band transmission of a carrier wave from a UE, as an external node for emission, to an AIoT device in frequency division duplex (FDD) uplink (UL)band are discussed herein. The carrier wave is generated during generation of the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) / discrete Fourier transform (DFT)-s-OFDM data symbols and multiplexed with UE data in baseband. These techniques reuse the same baseband functionality used for UL transmission, reducing the cost of the UE by using the same hardware that is used for UL transmission and avoiding the need for additional hardware in the UE to transmit the carrier wave. These techniques also provide for one or more carrier wave sub-carriers that are orthogonal with UE data to achieve better protection and less interference with AIoT backscattering.

[0056] Reference is made herein to communicating data or information, such as signaling communication resources and / or communications that are transmitted or received between devices. It is to be appreciated that other terms may be used interchangeably with communicating, such as signaling, transmitting, receiving, outputting, forwarding, retrieving, obtaining, and so forth.

[0057] Aspects of the present disclosure are described in the context of a wireless communications system.

[0058] Figure 1 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 100 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The wireless communications system 100 may include one or more NE 102, one or more UE 104, and a core network (CN) 106. The wireless communications system 100 may support various radio access technologies. In some implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a 4G network, such as an LTE network or an LTE- Advanced (LTE-A) network. In some other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a new radio (NR) network, such as a 5G network, a 5G-Advanced (5G-A) network, or a 5G ultrawideband (5G-UWB) network. In other implementations, the wireless communications system 100 may be a combination of a 4G network and a 5G network, or other suitable radio access technology including Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) 802.11 (Wi-Fi), IEEE 802.16 (WiMAX), IEEE 802.20. The wireless communications system 100 may support radio access technologies beyond 5G, for example, 6G. Additionally, the wireless communications system 100 may support technologies, such as time division multiple access (TDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), or code division multiple access (CDMA), etc.

[0059] The one or more NE 102 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region to form the wireless communications system 100. One or more of the NE 102 described herein may be orinclude or may be referred to as a network node, a base station, a network element, a network function, a network entity, a radio access network (RAN), a NodeB, an eNodeB (eNB), a nextgeneration NodeB (gNB), or other suitable terminology. An NE 102 and a UE 104 may communicate via a communication link, which may be a wireless or wired connection. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may perform wireless communication (e.g., receive signaling, transmit signaling) over a Uu interface.

[0060] An NE 102 may provide a geographic coverage area for which the NE 102 may support services for one or more UEs 104 within the geographic coverage area. For example, an NE 102 and a UE 104 may support wireless communication of signals related to services (e.g., voice, video, packet data, messaging, broadcast, etc.) according to one or multiple radio access technologies. In some implementations, an NE 102 may be moveable, for example, a satellite associated with a nonterrestrial network (NTN). In some implementations, different geographic coverage areas associated with the same or different radio access technologies may overlap, but the different geographic coverage areas may be associated with different NE 102.

[0061] The one or more UE 104 may be dispersed throughout a geographic region of the wireless communications system 100. A UE 104 may include or may be referred to as a remote unit, a mobile device, a wireless device, a remote device, a subscriber device, a transmitter device, a receiver device, or some other suitable terminology. In some implementations, the UE 104 may be referred to as a unit, a station, a terminal, or a client, among other examples. Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 104 may be referred to as an loT device, an Internet-of-Every thing (loE) device, or machine-type communication (MTC) device, among other examples.

[0062] A UE 104 may be able to support wireless communication directly with other UEs 104 over a communication link. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a device-to-device (D2D) communication link. In some implementations, such as vehicle-to-vehicle (V2V) deployments, vehicle-to-everything (V2X) deployments, or cellular-V2X deployments, the communication link may be referred to as a sidelink. For example, a UE 104 may support wireless communication directly with another UE 104 over a PC5 interface.

[0063] An NE 102 may support communications with the CN 106, or with another NE 102, or both. For example, an NE 102 may interface with other NE 102 or the CN 106 through one or morebackhaul links (e.g., SI, N2, N6, or other network interface). In some implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other directly. In some other implementations, the NE 102 may communicate with each other indirectly (e.g., via the CN 106). In some implementations, one or more NE 102 may include subcomponents, such as an access network entity, which may be an example of an access node controller (ANC). An ANC may communicate with the one or more UEs 104 through one or more other access network transmission entities, which may be referred to as a radio heads, smart radio heads, or transmission-reception points (TRPs).

[0064] The CN 106 may support user authentication, access authorization, tracking, connectivity, and other access, routing, or mobility functions. The CN 106 may be an evolved packet core (EPC), or a 5G core (5GC), which may include a control plane entity that manages access and mobility (e.g., a mobility management entity (MME), an access and mobility management functions (AMF)) and a user plane entity that routes packets or interconnects to external networks (e.g., a serving gateway (S-GW), a packet data network (PDN) gateway (P-GW), or a user plane function (UPF)). In some implementations, the control plane entity may manage non-access stratum (NAS) functions, such as mobility, authentication, and bearer management (e.g., data bearers, signal bearers, etc.) for the one or more UEs 104 served by the one or more NE 102 associated with the CN 106.

[0065] The CN 106 may communicate with a packet data network over one or more backhaul links (e.g., via an SI, N2, N6, or other network interface). The packet data network may include an application server. In some implementations, one or more UEs 104 may communicate with the application server. A UE 104 may establish a session (e.g., a protocol data unit (PDU) session, or the like) with the CN 106 via an NE 102. The CN 106 may route traffic (e.g., control information, data, and the like) between the UE 104 and the application server using the established session (e.g., the established PDU session). The PDU session may be an example of a logical connection between the UE 104 and the CN 106 (e.g., one or more network functions of the CN 106).

[0066] In the wireless communications system 100, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may use resources of the wireless communications system 100 (e.g., time resources (e.g., symbols, slots, subframes, frames, or the like) or frequency resources (e.g., subcarriers, carriers)) to perform various operations (e.g., wireless communications). In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support different resource structures. For example, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 maysupport different frame structures. In some implementations, such as in 4G, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support a single frame structure. In some other implementations, such as in 5G and among other suitable radio access technologies, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures (i.e., multiple frame structures). The NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may support various frame structures based on one or more numerologies.

[0067] One or more numerologies may be supported in the wireless communications system 100, and a numerology may include a subcarrier spacing and a cyclic prefix. A first numerology (e.g., / r=0) may be associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. In some implementations, the first numerology (e.g., / r=0) associated with the first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may utilize one slot per subframe. A second numerology (e.g., / r=l) may be associated with a second subcarrier spacing (e.g., 30 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A third numerology (e.g., / r=2) may be associated with a third subcarrier spacing (e.g., 60 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix or an extended cyclic prefix. A fourth numerology (e.g., / r=3) may be associated with a fourth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 120 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix. A fifth numerology (e.g., / r=4) may be associated with a fifth subcarrier spacing (e.g., 240 kHz) and a normal cyclic prefix.

[0068] A time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to frames (also referred to as radio frames). Each frame may have a duration, for example, a 10 millisecond (ms) duration. In some implementations, each frame may include multiple subframes. For example, each frame may include 10 subframes, and each subframe may have a duration, for example, a 1 ms duration. In some implementations, each frame may have the same duration. In some implementations, each subframe of a frame may have the same duration.

[0069] Additionally or alternatively, a time interval of a resource (e.g., a communication resource) may be organized according to slots. For example, a subframe may include a number (e.g., quantity) of slots. The number of slots in each subframe may also depend on the one or more numerologies supported in the wireless communications system 100. For instance, the first, second, third, fourth, and fifth numerologies (i.e., / r=0, jU=l , / r=2, / r=3, / r=4) associated with respective subcarrier spacings of 15 kHz, 30 kHz, 60 kHz, 120 kHz, and 240 kHz may utilize a single slot per subframe, two slots per subframe, four slots per subframe, eight slots per subframe, and 16 slots per subframe, respectively. Each slot may include a number (e.g., quantity) of symbols (e.g., OFDMsymbols). In some implementations, the number (e.g., quantity) of slots for a subframe may depend on a numerology. For a normal cyclic prefix, a slot may include 14 symbols. For an extended cyclic prefix (e.g., applicable for 60 kHz subcarrier spacing), a slot may include 12 symbols. The relationship between the number of symbols per slot, the number of slots per subframe, and the number of slots per frame for a normal cyclic prefix and an extended cyclic prefix may depend on a numerology. It should be understood that reference to a first numerology (e.g., / r=0) associated with a first subcarrier spacing (e.g., 15 kHz) may be used interchangeably between subframes and slots.

[0070] In the wireless communications system 100, an electromagnetic (EM) spectrum may be split, based on frequency or wavelength, into various classes, frequency bands, frequency channels, etc. By way of example, the wireless communications system 100 may support one or multiple operating frequency bands, such as frequency range designations FR1 (410 MHz - 7.125 GHz), FR2 (24.25 GHz - 52.6 GHz), FR3 (7.125 GHz - 24.25 GHz), FR4 (52.6 GHz - 114.25 GHz), FR4a or FR4-1 (52.6 GHz - 71 GHz), and FR5 (114.25 GHz - 300 GHz). In some implementations, the NEs 102 and the UEs 104 may perform wireless communications over one or more of the operating frequency bands. In some implementations, FR1 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for cellular communications traffic (e.g., control information, data). In some implementations, FR2 may be used by the NEs 102 and the UEs 104, among other equipment or devices for short-range, high data rate capabilities.

[0071] FR1 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least three numerologies). For example, FR1 may be associated with a first numerology (e.g., / r=0), which includes 15 kHz subcarrier spacing; a second numerology (e.g., / r=l), which includes 30 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a third numerology (e.g., / r=2), which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing. FR2 may be associated with one or multiple numerologies (e.g., at least 2 numerologies). For example, FR2 may be associated with a third numerology (e.g., / r=2), which includes 60 kHz subcarrier spacing; and a fourth numerology (e.g., / r=3), which includes 120 kHz subcarrier spacing.

[0072] In some cases, a cell refers to a radio access node in communication with a base station or including a base station. A cell typically has a coverage area, which is a geographic area in which the cell provides wireless connectivity to devices within. Different cells may operate on defined frequencies or frequency bands, referred to as subcarriers. In some examples, a UE 104 establishesa wireless connection with a cell, and subsequently that cell may be referred to as a serving cell of the UE 104.

[0073] In recent years, loT has attracted much attention in the wireless communication world. More things are expected to be interconnected for improving productivity, efficiency, and increasing comforts of life. Further reduction of size, complexity, and power consumption of loT devices can enable the deployment of tens or even hundreds of billion loT devices for various applications and provide added value across the entire value chain. It is impractical to power all the loT devices by batteries that need to be replaced or recharged manually, which leads to high maintenance cost, serious environmental issues, and even safety hazards for some use cases (e.g., wireless sensor in electric power and petroleum industry).

[0074] Many existing wireless communication devices are powered by battery that needs to be replaced or recharged manually. The automation and digitalization of various industries open numbers of new markets considering new loT technologies of supporting battery-less devices with no energy storage capability or devices with energy storage that do not need to be replaced or recharged manually. The form factor of such devices are expected to be reasonably small to convey the validity of target use cases.

[0075] Various use cases, traffic scenarios, device constraints of ambient power-enabled Internet of Things are considered and identification of new potential service requirements as well as new KPIs are considered. Devices being battery-less or with limited energy storage capability (e.g., using a capacitor) are considered and the energy is provided through the harvesting of radio waves, light, motion, heat, or any other power source .

[0076] Considering the limited size and complexity required by practical applications for battery-less devices with no energy storage capability or devices with limited energy storage that do not need to be replaced or recharged manually, the output power of energy harvester is typically from 1 microwatt (pW) to a few hundreds of pW. Existing cellular devices may not work well with energy harvesting due to their peak power consumption of higher than 10 milliwatts (mW).

[0077] An example type of application is asset identification, which presently resorts mainly to barcode and radio frequency identification (RFID) in most industries. An advantage of these two technologies is the ultra-low complexity and small form factor of the tags. However, the limitedreading range of a few meters usually requires handheld scanning which leads to labor intensive and time-consuming operations, or RFID portals or gates, which leads to costly deployments. Moreover, the lack of interference management scheme results in severe interference between RFID readers and capacity problems, especially in case of dense deployment. It is difficult to support large-scale network with seamless coverage for RFID.

[0078] Since existing technologies cannot meet all the requirements of target use cases, a new loT technology is desired to open new markets within 3rdGeneration Partnership Project (3GPP) systems, whose number of connections and / or device density can be orders of magnitude higher than existing 3GPP loT technologies. The new loT technology is expected to provide complexity and power consumption orders of magnitude lower than the existing 3 GPP low power wide area (LPWA) technologies (e.g., narrowband (NB)-IoT and enhanced machine type communication (eMTC)), and is expected to address use cases and scenarios that cannot otherwise be fulfilled based on existing 3GPP LPWA loT technologies.

[0079] Assessment of AIoT suitable for deployment in a 3GPP system that relies on ultra-low complexity devices with ultra-low power consumption for the very-low end loT applications is taken into consideration. Addressing use cases and scenarios that cannot otherwise be fulfilled based on existing 3GPP LPWA loT technology, e.g., NB-IoT including with reduced peak Tx power is taken into consideration.

[0080] A harmonized air interface design with reduced (e.g., minimized) differences (where appropriate) for AIoT to enable the following devices is considered: a) an approximately 1 pW peak power consumption, has energy storage, initial sampling frequency offset (SFO) up to 10xppm, neither downlink (DL) nor UL amplification in the device, where X is to be decided; the device’s UL transmission is backscattered on a carrier wave provided externally; b) less than or equal to a few hundred pW peak power consumption, has energy storage, initial SFO up to 10xppm, both DL and / or UL amplification in the device, where X is to be decided; the device’s UL transmission may be generated internally by the device, or be backscattered on a carrier wave provided externally.The coverage design target is a largest distance of 10-50 meters with device indoors. Devices where a UE operates as an intermediate node under network (e.g., base station) control), with no RRC states, no mobility (e.g., at least no cell selection or re-selection -like function), no hybrid automatic repeat request (HARQ), no automatic repeat request (ARQ), is considered.

[0081] Deployment scenarios with the following characteristics are considered. A deployment and topology scenario with a base station and coexistence characteristics of micro-cell, co-site. A deployment and topology scenario with a UE as an intermediate node, under network (e.g., base station) control and base station and coexistence characteristics of macro-cell, co-site; and the location is of intermediate node is indoor. FR1 licensed spectrum in FDD. Spectrum deployment in- band to NR, in guard-band to ETE / NR, in one or more standalone bands. Traffic types DO-DTT, DT, with focus on rUCl (indoor inventory) and rUC4 (indoor command). Whether the harmonized air interface design can address the device-originated autonomous (DO-A) use case is also considered.

[0082] The occurrence of transmission from AIoT device (including backscattering when used) at least in UL spectrum is considered.

[0083] The following is considered: applicable largest (e.g., maximum) distance target values(s); latency suitable for use in RAN; 2-dimensional (2D) distribution of devices; deployment scenarios for coverage and coexistence evaluations; identify basic blocks or components of possible AIoT device architectures, taking into account implementations of low-power low-complexity devices which meet the RAN design target for power consumption and complexity; link budget calculation for coverage, including whether or how to model carrier wave from one or more nodes inside or outside the connectivity topology.

[0084] The following is considered: appropriate and feasible solutions for AIoT, including decisions on which functions, procedures, etc. are used, and providing at least desired (e.g., required) functionalities; positioning , restricted to functionalities which would have no, or little, specification impact; the feasibility and desired (e.g., required) functionalities for proximity determination.

[0085] For the AIoT DL and UL, the following is considered: frame structure, synchronization and timing, random access; numerologies, bandwidths, and multiple access; waveforms and modulations; channel coding; downlink channel / signal aspects; uplink channel / signal aspects; scheduling and timing relationships; characteristics of carrier-wave waveform for a carrier wave provided externally to the AIoT device, including for interference handling at AIoT UL receiver, and at NR base station.

[0086] The following is also considered: functions used for an AIoT compact protocol stack and lightweight signaling procedure to enable DO-DTT and DT data transmission; for example, paging, random access, data transmission, including radio resource control aspects, interactions with upper layers.

[0087] The following is also considered: impacts on signaling and procedures for CN-RAN interface, to enable paging, device context management, data transport; RAN architecture aspects, including whether support for split architecture is used; solutions for locating an AIoT device with no specification impact, e.g., reusing existing user location report, or reduced (e.g., minimal) specification impact to convey location information to core network.

[0088] The following is also considered: coexistence of AIoT and NR / LTE; RF for Ambient loT, including AIoT base station transmission and reception, AIoT Device transmission and reception, intermediate node (e.g., UE), transmission and reception.

[0089] With respect to HARQ process for configured grant (CG) in NR, for configured uplink grants that are not part of a multi-physical uplink shared channel (PUSCH) configured grant and neither configured with harq-ProcID-Offset2 nor with cg-RetransmissionTimer, the HARQ Process ID associated with the first symbol of a UL transmission is derived from the following equation:HARQ Process ID = [floor(CURRENT_symbol / perzoz zczty)] modulo nrofHARQ-Processes.

[0090] For configured uplink grants that are not part of a multi-PUSCH configured grant and configured with harq-ProcID-Offset2 , the HARQ Process ID associated with the first symbol of a UL transmission is derived from the following equation:HARQ Process ID = [floor(CURRENT_symbol / periodicity)] modulo nrofHARQ-Processes + harq-ProcID- Offset2.

[0091] For a multi-PUSCH configured grant configured with neither harq-ProcID-Offset2 nor cg-RetransmissionTimer, the HARQ Process ID associated with the first symbol of a UL transmission is derived from the following equation:HARQ Process ID = [nrofSlotsInCG-Periodx floor (CURRENT_symbol / periodicity) + ID_OFFSET] modulo nrofHARQ-Processes

[0092] For a multi-PUSCH configured grant configured with harq-ProcID-Offset2, the HARQ Process ID associated with the first symbol of a UL transmission is derived from the following equation:HARQ Process ID = [nrofSlotsInCG-Period x floor (CURRENT_symbol / periodicity) + ID_OFFSET] modulo nrofHARQ-Processes + harq-ProcID-Offset2

[0093] Figure 2 illustrates an example of a wireless communications system 200, in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In some examples, the wireless communications system 200 implements aspects of the wireless communications system 100. For example, the wireless communications system 200 includes a NE 202 (e.g., a base station), a UE 204, and a low power device (e.g., an AIoT device 206), which may be examples of, or implement aspects of, NEs 102 and / or UEs 104 as described with reference to Figure 1. The wireless communications system 200 illustrates an example of a topology where a UE is used as an emitter.

[0094] The AIoT device 206 may be classified or defined as a low power device if a power consumption level of the AIoT device 206 satisfies (e.g., is less than) a threshold value. The AIoT device 206 may include a low power processor to reduce the power consumption level of the AIoT device 206. A low power processor may be a processor that operates with a power consumption level that satisfies (e.g., is less than) a threshold value. A low power processor and / or the AIoT device 206 may have reduced functionality when compared with a processor or other wireless device that operates at a power consumption level that is greater than the threshold values. For example, the low power processor and / or the AIoT device 206 may have reduced processing capabilities for decoding and generating signaling, may have reduced transmission and / or reception capabilities (e.g., transmission and / or reception range, among others), reduced energy storage capabilities (e.g., smaller battery), or the like when compared with a processor or wireless device that operates at a power consumption level that is greater than the threshold values.

[0095] In one or more implementations, the AIoT device 206 may be a sensor (e.g., a tag or RFID tag), an actuator, an appliance, or another device capable of connecting to a wireless network. In some examples, the AIoT device is categorized according to a set of components and / or capabilities of the AIoT devices, where the categories include one or more of an active AIoT device category, a semi-passive AIoT device category, and / or a passive AIoT device category. An activeAIoT device includes a power source and an active radio frequency component, such as a transmitter and / or receiver component, for signal generation. The transmitter and / or receiver component may include one or more antennas for transmitting and receiving signaling. A semipassive AIoT device may have energy storage capabilities but may not include an active radio frequency component for signal generation. A passive AIoT device may not have energy storage capabilities or an active radio frequency component.

[0096] In some cases, semi-passive AIoT devices and passive AIoT devices use backscattering techniques and / or energy harvesting for transmitting and / or receiving transmissions. In variations, an active AIoT device may use a transmitter and / or receiver component for transmitting or receiving transmissions and / or may use backscattering techniques for transmitting and / or receiving transmissions. Semi-passive AIoT devices may use the stored energy to amplify a signal when using backscattering techniques. Backscattering techniques include receiving signaling from a source (e.g., the UE 204, which may also be referred to as an emitter) and modulating a reflection of the incoming signaling towards a destination (e.g., a NE 202). Thus, a device (e.g., the AIoT device 206) may not use an active receiver and / or transmitter component for receiving and transmitting signaling, which reduces a power consumption level of the device. For example, if the AIoT device 206 implements backscattering techniques, then the AIoT device 206 may receive signaling from the UE 204 and may reflect the signaling in a direction towards a destination (e.g., the NE 202 ).

[0097] In some examples, the AIoT device 206 may be capable of energy harvesting using energy harvesting techniques. For example, the AIoT device 206 may extract energy from transmission waves from a source device (e.g., the NE 202) to power the AIoT device 206 . The source device may transmit the signaling using a continuous wave waveform in which the signaling has a constant amplitude and frequency and / or a carrier wave waveform in which the signaling has a periodic variation in amplitude, duration, and position. Signaling transmitted using a continuous wave waveform may be referred to as a continuous wave transmission, while signaling transmitted using a carrier wave waveform may be referred to as a carrier wave transmission. If the AIoT device 206 includes an energy storage component, then the AIoT device 206 may store the extracted energy for later use (e.g., to amplify a reflection of signal or to generate a new signal).

[0098] The techniques discussed herein describe different configurations for baseband generation and in-band transmission of a carrier wave from a UE 204, as an external node foremission, to an AIoT device 206 in FDD UL band. The carrier wave is generated during generating of the OFDM or DFT-s-OFDM data symbols and is multiplexed with UE data in baseband. Thus, the same baseband functionality is used by the UE 204 for transmitting the carrier wave to the AIoT device 206 and transmitting UL data to the NE 202. Benefits of this approach include the same baseband functionality used for UL transmission being reused for the carrier wave, and providing one or more carrier wave sub-carriers that are orthogonal to UE data in the UL transmission to achieve better protection and less interference with AIoT backscattering.

[0099] The NE 202 transmits one or more configurations to the UE 204. These one or more configurations include at least a set of UL resources for transmission of a carrier wave by the UE 204 to excite the AIoT device, and a configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device 206. The NE 202 also transmits a configuration to the AIoT device 206 to receive the synchronization preamble from the UE 204 and to excite the AIoT device 206 to backscatter to the NE 202. The UE transmits the carrier wave to the AIoT device 206 on the set of one or more uplink resources. The UE 204 activates or deactivates transmission of the carrier wave to the AIoT device 206 based at least in part on a signaling (e.g., DCI) received from the NE 202.

[0100] The NE 202 configures the UE 204 for generating and transmitting the carrier wave to the AIoT device 206, and for synchronization correction of the AIoT backscattering by the AIoT device 206 as discussed in more detail below.

[0101] In one or more implementations, the NE 202 sends a configuration to the UE 204 to generate and transmit a carrier wave for one or more AIoT devices. The configuration includes at least one of the method of generating the carrier wave, one or more sub-carriers for the carrier wave, the index of sub-carriers, or the UL resources for transmitting the carrier wave. The configuration can be sent in DCI for dynamic transmission of the carrier wave, or using an RRC message for periodic and semi-persistent transmission of the carrier wave. The periodic transmission of the carrier wave can be in configured grant (CG) resources. For configured grant, HARQ process or re-transmission is not needed for the carrier wave. The configured grant for the carrier wave can co-exist with other configured grants and dynamic grant for normal UE UL data transmission to the NE 202 and the UE 204 still can request resources for normal UE UL data transmission. The UL resources can be TDMed in separate slots with UL slots of one or more UEsor can be FDMed with UL data of the UE with a certain frequency gap to protect both signals from interference at the NE 202. The duration of the carrier wave can be for multiple contiguous slots or frames.

[0102] In one or more implementations, the NE 202 sends a configuration for assigning an unmodulated single sub-carrier generated within an OFDM symbol for an AIoT device. Different subcarriers can be assigned to different AIoT devices depending on the designed frequency response of AIoT devices. The selected sub-carrier is chosen to be in approximately the center of the frequency response of the AIoT device. The UE 204 may be configured to mute some of the sub-carriers between the carrier wave sub-carriers or between the carrier wave sub-carrier and UE sub-carriers. The NE 202 may send information to the UE 204 and other UEs sharing the band to consider the muted sub-carriers (prohibited from transmission) to apply rate-matching around them.

[0103] In one or more implementations, the UE 204 is configured to generate un-modulated multiple sub-carriers within the OFDM symbol for an AIoT the carrier wave to increase (e.g., maximize) the amount of power backscattered by the AIoT device. In one example, the number and indices of sub-carriers configured by the NE 202 is chosen based on the frequency response of the AIoT device and the configured sub-carrier spacing (SCS) for UL transmission. In another example, the UE 204 autonomously selects the number of sub-carriers based on the configured SCS for its UL transmission and based on the information from the NE 202 regarding the required bandwidth for transmitting the carrier wave. More subcarriers are selected in case of a small configured SCS, and less sub-carriers are selected in case of a large SCS to cover the frequency response of an AIoT device. Additionally or alternatively, the same carrier wave is sent to multiple AIoT devices to simultaneously excite the multiple AIoT devices for backscattering.

[0104] Figure 3 illustrates an example 300 of generating a carrier wave in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The example 300 illustrates generating a single carrier carrier wave within an OFDM symbol in baseband at UE Tx. For a single sub-carrier transmission of the carrier wave, the waveform used for the AIoT sub-carrier is an OFDM-based waveform regardless of whether the UE uses DFT-s-OFDM or CP-OFDM for its UL transmission. The example 300 illustrates an inverse fast Fourier transform (IFFT) 302, carrier wave sub-carriers for AIoT 304 and 306, muted sub-carriers (indicated by “X”), and QAM modulated UE data 308.

[0105] Figure 4 illustrates an example 400 of generating a carrier wave in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The example 400 illustrates generating a multi carrier carrier wave within an OFDM symbol in baseband at UE Tx. For multiple sub-carriers used for transmitting the carrier wave to an AIoT device, the waveform can be OFDM, or can be DFT-s-OFDM, for which the UE applies DFT spreading on the selected sub-carriers to reduce (e.g., minimize) the PAPR of the transmitted symbols. The example 400 illustrates an IFFT 402, carrier wave sub-carriers for AIoT 404, muted sub-carriers (indicated by “X”), and QAM modulated UE data 406.

[0106] Returning to Figure 2, in one or more implementations the phase and amplitude of a generated carrier wave sub-carrier is chosen from one of the phase and amplitude of the modulated data (e.g., QAM modulated data) of UE UE transmission. Additionally or alternatively, the phase of carrier wave sub-carrier or sub-carriers can be different than the phases of modulated sub-carriers used for transmitting UE data. This gives extra protection, besides frequency spacing of sub-carriers and frequency gaps, against interference at the NE 202 receiver between UE data and backscattering, such as if the frequency gap is not large enough.

[0107] Figure 5 illustrates an example 500 of a transmitted carrier wave in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The example 500 illustrates a constellation example of the transmitted carrier wave with different phase than UE UL data.

[0108] Returning to Figure 2, in one or more implementations the NE 202 sends configuration to the UE 204 to generate and transmit a carrier wave for one or more AIoT devices. The configuration includes at least one of the method of generating the carrier wave, one or more subcarriers for the carrier wave, the index of sub-carriers, the UL resources for transmitting the carrier wave, information for transmitting a synchronization signal to the AIoT device prior to the carrier wave transmission to synchronize with UL slot boundaries, or to correct the timing synchronization for backscattering of AIoT configured by the NE 202.

[0109] Figure 6 illustrates an example 600 of transmitting a synchronization preamble in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. In the example 600, the synchronization preamble is transmitted before the carrier wave for synchronization correction of the AIoT device.

[0110] The synchronization (also referred to as synch or sync) configured by the NE can be lost due to a long silent period of the AIoT device. Therefore, correcting the synchronization to transmitbackscattering may be beneficial. The NE may configure the AIoT device with a monitoring time window without specifying the exact time for backscattering. The NE configures the UE with time resources to transmit a synchronization sequence or preamble with a certain pattern known to the AIoT device. The synchronization preamble can be modulated with, for example, ASK or PSK depending on AIoT device capability. The NE sends a configuration to the AIoT device to receive this synchronization preamble at a certain time prior to the configured backscattering time. The NE may send a monitoring indication for receiving the preamble and the carrier wave without sending the exact timing of backscattering, where the monitoring indication contains information about a monitoring time window the AIoT device is to switch on to receive a synchronization preamble from a UE. The UE starts sending the synchronization preamble according to the configured time resources and with a configured pattern. During its configured monitoring time window, the AIoT device receives the preamble and tries to understand the pattern (also referred to as the sync pattern or synch pattern) that indicates that the signal is a synchronization signal. For example, at any time during the monitoring time window, the AIoT device detects a signal with alternating ON / OFF pattern. This would be understood from the AIoT device that this could be a synchronization signal even if the AIoT device starts the reception sometime after the preamble is transmitted. The UE is configured to transmit a byte synch or synch word (also referred to as byte sync or sync word) after the synch pattern and before the carrier wave transmission to indicate the end of the synch preamble (also referred to as terminating the synch preamble) and the timing of the carrier wave transmission. The AIoT device waits for the synch word that is sent with a different pattern than the synch pattern and once it receives the synch word, the AIoT starts backscattering. The synch word confirms that the signal received in the monitoring time window is a synchronization signal and indicates the end of the synch period and the start of the transmitted carrier wave that is aligned with UL slot boundary. A periodic synchronization signal with known patterns may be transmitted in the beginning of every UL slot or frame.

[0111] Thus, configuration for user equipment used as an emitter for AIoT devices is discussed herein. This includes configuration for baseband generation and transmission of carrier wave, configuration for sub-carrier muting, phase modulation of carrier wave to reduce interference with QAM UL data, and configuration for transmitting synchronization within the carrier wave from UE to AIoT device.

[0112] Figure 7 illustrates an example of a UE 700 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The UE 700 may include a processor 702, a memory 704, a controller 706, and a transceiver 708. The processor 702, the memory 704, the controller 706, or the transceiver 708, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.

[0113] The processor 702, the memory 704, the controller 706, or the transceiver 708, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0114] The processor 702 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, the processor 702 may be configured to operate the memory 704. In some other implementations, the memory 704 may be integrated into the processor 702. The processor 702 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 704 to cause the UE 700 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

[0115] The memory 704 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 704 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 702 cause the UE 700 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as the memory 704 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0116] In some implementations, the processor 702 and the memory 704 coupled with the processor 702 may be configured to cause the UE 700 to perform one or more of the functionsdescribed herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 702, instructions stored in the memory 704). For example, the processor 702 may support wireless communication at the UE 700 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The UE 700 may be configured to or operable to support a means for receiving a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, where the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an AIoT device; receiving a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; and transmitting the carrier wave and the preamble on the set of one or more uplink resources.

[0117] Additionally, the UE 700 may be configured to support any one or combination of receiving the first configuration in DCI; receiving the first configuration in a RRC message; where the transmission of the carrier wave is periodic based at least in part on the first configuration, and further including: activating or deactivating the transmission of the carrier wave based at least in part on DCI, where the set of one or more uplink resources comprises one or more configured grant resources; where the first configuration indicates to mute a set of one or more sub-carriers located between a set of one or more sub-carriers of the carrier wave and a set of one or more data subcarriers of the UE; where the first configuration assigns an un-modulated single sub-carrier generated within an OFDM symbol, and where the carrier wave comprises the un-modulated single sub-carrier generated within the OFDM symbol; where the AIoT device is one of multiple AIoT devices each having a different frequency response, and where different sub-carriers are assigned to different ones of the multiple AIoT devices; where the first configuration assigns un-modulated multiple sub-carriers generated within an OFDM symbol to be used as the carrier wave; where a number of sub-carriers in the multiple sub-carriers is based on a configured SCS for uplink transmission; where the multiple sub-carriers are spread with DFT to reduce PAPR of a generated symbol; where a phase of a carrier wave sub-carrier or sub-carriers is different than phases of modulated sub-carriers used for transmitting UE data; where the second configuration identifies a pattern for transmission of the preamble prior to the transmission of the carrier wave from the UE; where the preamble synchronizes backscattering from the AIoT device with one or more uplink slot boundaries and corrects a timing synchronization for backscattering from the AIoT device; modulating the preamble using at least one of ASK or PSK; terminating the preamble with a synchword that indicates an ending of the preamble; transmitting the preamble periodically during each of one or more slots or frames.

[0118] Additionally, or alternatively, the UE 700 may support at least one memory (e.g., the memory 704) and at least one processor (e.g., the processor 702) coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to: receive a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, where the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an AIoT device; receive a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; and transmit the carrier wave and the preamble on the set of one or more uplink resources.

[0119] Additionally, the UE 700 may be configured to support any one or combination of the at least one processor is configured to receive the first configuration in DCI; receive the first configuration in a RRC message; where the transmission of the carrier wave is periodic based at least in part on the first configuration, and activate or deactivate the transmission of the carrier wave based at least in part on DCI, where the set of one or more uplink resources comprises one or more configured grant resources; where the first configuration indicates to mute a set of one or more subcarriers located between a set of one or more sub-carriers of the carrier wave and a set of one or more data sub-carriers of the UE; where the first configuration assigns an un-modulated single subcarrier generated within an OFDM symbol, and where the carrier wave comprises the un-modulated single sub-carrier generated within the OFDM symbol; where the AIoT device is one of multiple AIoT devices each having a different frequency response, and where different sub-carriers are assigned to different ones of the multiple AIoT devices; where the first configuration assigns unmodulated multiple sub-carriers generated within an OFDM symbol to be used as the carrier wave; where a number of sub-carriers in the multiple sub-carriers is based on a configured SCS for uplink transmission; where the multiple sub-carriers are spread with DFT to reduce PAPR of a generated symbol; where a phase of a carrier wave sub-carrier or sub-carriers is different than phases of modulated sub-carriers used for transmitting UE data; where the second configuration identifies a pattern for transmission of the preamble prior to the transmission of the carrier wave from the UE; where the preamble synchronizes backscattering from the AIoT device with one or more uplink slot boundaries and corrects a timing synchronization for backscattering from the AIoT device modulate the preamble using at least one of ASK or PSK; terminate the preamble with a synch word thatindicates an ending of the preamble; transmit the preamble periodically during each of one or more slots or frames.

[0120] The controller 706 may manage input and output signals for the UE 700. The controller 706 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the UE 700. In some implementations, the controller 706 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, WINDOWS®, or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 706 may be implemented as part of the processor 702.

[0121] In some implementations, the UE 700 may include at least one transceiver 708. In some other implementations, the UE 700 may have more than one transceiver 708. The transceiver 708 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 708 may include one or more receiver chains 710, one or more transmitter chains 712, or a combination thereof.

[0122] A receiver chain 710 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 710 may include one or more antennas to receive a signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 710 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA)) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 710 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied during transmission of the signal. The receiver chain 710 may include at least one decoder for decoding the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.

[0123] A transmitter chain 712 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets). The transmitter chain 712 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The transmitter chain 712 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 712 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.

[0124] Figure 8 illustrates an example of a processor 800 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The processor 800 may be an example of a processor configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 800 may include a controller 802 configured to perform various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor 800 may optionally include at least one memory 804, which may be, for example, an L1 / L2 / L3 cache. Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 800 may optionally include one or more arithmetic-logic units (ALUs) 806. One or more of these components may be in electronic communication or otherwise coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces (e.g., buses).

[0125] The processor 800 may be a processor chipset and include a protocol stack (e.g., a software stack) executed by the processor chipset to perform various operations (e.g., receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) in accordance with examples as described herein. The processor chipset may include one or more cores, one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 800) or other memory (e.g., random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), dynamic RAM (DRAM), synchronous dynamic RAM (SDRAM), static RAM (SRAM), ferroelectric RAM (FeRAM), magnetic RAM (MRAM), resistive RAM (RRAM), flash memory, phase change memory (PCM), and others).

[0126] The controller 802 may be configured to manage and coordinate various operations (e.g., signaling, receiving, obtaining, retrieving, transmitting, outputting, forwarding, storing, determining, identifying, accessing, writing, reading) of the processor 800 to cause the processor 800 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. For example, the controller 802 may operate as a control unit of the processor 800, generating control signals that manage the operation of various components of the processor 800. These control signals include enabling or disabling functional units, selecting data paths, initiating memory access, and coordinating timing of operations.

[0127] The controller 802 may be configured to fetch (e.g., obtain, retrieve, receive) instructions from the memory 804 and determine subsequent instruction(s) to be executed to cause the processor 800 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. The controller 802 may be configured to track memory addresses of instructions associated with the memory 804.The controller 802 may be configured to decode instructions to determine the operation to be performed and the operands involved. For example, the controller 802 may be configured to interpret the instruction and determine control signals to be output to other components of the processor 800 to cause the processor 800 to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. Additionally, or alternatively, the controller 802 may be configured to manage flow of data within the processor 800. The controller 802 may be configured to control transfer of data between registers, ALUs 806, and other functional units of the processor 800.

[0128] The memory 804 may include one or more caches (e.g., memory local to or included in the processor 800 or other memory, such as RAM, ROM, DRAM, SDRAM, SRAM, MRAM, flash memory, etc. In some implementations, the memory 804 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., local to the processor 800). In some other implementations, the memory 804 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., remote to the processor 800).

[0129] The memory 804 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions that, when executed by the processor 800, cause the processor 800 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as system memory or another type of memory. The controller 802 and / or the processor 800 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 804 to cause the processor 800 to perform various functions. For example, the processor 800 and / or the controller 802 may be coupled with or to the memory 804, the processor 800, and the controller 802, and may be configured to perform various functions described herein. In some examples, the processor 800 may include multiple processors and the memory 804 may include multiple memories. One or more of the multiple processors may be coupled with one or more of the multiple memories, which may, individually or collectively, be configured to perform various functions herein.

[0130] The one or more ALUs 806 may be configured to support various operations in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, the one or more ALUs 806 may reside within or on a processor chipset (e.g., the processor 800). In some other implementations, the one or more ALUs 806 may reside external to the processor chipset (e.g., the processor 800). One or more ALUs 806 may perform one or more computations such as addition, subtraction, multiplication, and division on data. For example, one or more ALUs 806 may receive input operands and an operation code, which determines an operation to be executed. One or moreALUs 806 may be configured with a variety of logical and arithmetic circuits, including adders, subtractors, shifters, and logic gates, to process and manipulate the data according to the operation. Additionally, or alternatively, the one or more ALUs 806 may support logical operations such as AND, OR, exclusive-OR (XOR), not-OR (NOR), and not-AND (NAND), enabling the one or more ALUs 806 to handle conditional operations, comparisons, and bitwise operations.

[0131] The processor 800 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 800 may be configured to or operable to support at least one controller (e.g., the controller 802) coupled with at least one memory (e.g., the memory 804) and configured to cause the processor to: receive a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, where the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an AIoT device; receive a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; and transmit the carrier wave and the preamble on the set of one or more uplink resources.

[0132] Additionally, the processor 800 may be configured to or operable to support any one or combination of the at least one controller is configured to cause the processor to receive the first configuration in DCI; receive the first configuration in a RRC message; where the transmission of the carrier wave is periodic based at least in part on the first configuration, and activate or deactivate the transmission of the carrier wave based at least in part on DCI, where the set of one or more uplink resources comprises one or more configured grant resources; where the first configuration indicates to mute a set of one or more sub-carriers located between a set of one or more sub-carriers of the carrier wave and a set of one or more data sub-carriers of a UE that includes the processor; where the first configuration assigns an un-modulated single sub-carrier generated within an OFDM symbol, and where the carrier wave comprises the un-modulated single sub-carrier generated within the OFDM symbol; where the AIoT device is one of multiple AIoT devices each having a different frequency response, and where different sub-carriers are assigned to different ones of the multiple AIoT devices; where the first configuration assigns un-modulated multiple sub-carriers generated within an OFDM symbol to be used as the carrier wave; where a number of sub-carriers in the multiple sub-carriers is based on a configured SCS for uplink transmission; where the multiple sub-carriers are spread with DFT to reduce PAPR of a generated symbol; where a phase of a carrier wave sub-carrier or sub-carriers is different than phases ofmodulated sub-carriers used for transmitting data of a UE that includes the processor; where the second configuration identifies a pattern for transmission of the preamble prior to the transmission of the carrier wave from the processor; where the preamble synchronizes backscattering from the AIoT device with one or more uplink slot boundaries and corrects a timing synchronization for backscattering from the AIoT device; modulate the preamble using at least one of ASK or PSK; terminate the preamble with a synch word that indicates an ending of the preamble; transmit the preamble periodically during each of one or more slots or frames.

[0133] Additionally, or alternatively, the processor 800 may support wireless communication in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The processor 800 may be configured to or operable to support at least one controller (e.g., the controller 802) coupled with at least one memory (e.g., the memory 804) and configured to cause the processor to: receive a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, where the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an AIoT device; receive a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; and transmit the carrier wave and the preamble on the set of one or more uplink resources.

[0134] Additionally, the processor 800 may be configured to or operable to support any one or combination of the at least one controller is configured to cause the processor to transmit the first configuration in; a RRC message; where the transmission of the carrier wave is periodic based at least in part on the first configuration, and activate or deactivate the transmission of the carrier wave based at least in part on DCI, where the set of one or more uplink resources comprise one or more configured grant resources; where the first configuration indicates to mute a set of one or more subcarriers located between a set of one or more sub-carriers of the carrier wave and a set of one or more data sub-carriers of the UE; where the first configuration assigns an un-modulated single subcarrier generated within an OFDM symbol, and where the carrier wave comprises the un-modulated single sub-carrier generated within the OFDM symbol; where the AIoT device is one of multiple AIoT devices each having a different frequency response, and where different sub-carriers are assigned to different ones of the multiple AIoT devices; where the first configuration assigns unmodulated multiple sub-carriers generated within an OFDM symbol to be used as the carrier wave; where a number of sub-carriers in the multiple sub-carriers is based on a configured SCS for uplink transmission; where the multiple sub-carriers are spread with DFT to reduce PAPR of a generatedsymbol; where a phase of a carrier wave sub-carrier or sub-carriers is different than phases of modulated sub-carriers used for transmitting UE data; where the second configuration identifies a pattern for transmission of the preamble prior to the transmission of the carrier wave from the UE; where the preamble synchronizes backscattering from the AIoT device with one or more uplink slot boundaries and corrects a timing synchronization for backscattering from the AIoT device; where the preamble is modulated with at least one of ASK or PSK; where the preamble is terminated with a synch word that indicates an ending of the preamble; where the preamble is transmitted periodically during each of one or more slots or frames; where the third configuration includes instructions to the AIoT device for receiving the synchronization preamble and for backscattering the carrier wave during a configured monitoring time window.

[0135] Figure 9 illustrates an example of a NE 900 in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The NE 900 may include a processor 902, a memory 904, a controller 906, and a transceiver 908. The processor 902, the memory 904, the controller 906, or the transceiver 908, or various combinations thereof or various components thereof may be examples of means for performing various aspects of the present disclosure as described herein. These components may be coupled (e.g., operatively, communicatively, functionally, electronically, electrically) via one or more interfaces.

[0136] The processor 902, the memory 904, the controller 906, or the transceiver 908, or various combinations or components thereof may be implemented in hardware (e.g., circuitry). The hardware may include a processor, a digital signal processor (DSP), an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or other programmable logic device, or any combination thereof configured as or otherwise supporting a means for performing the functions described in the present disclosure.

[0137] The processor 902 may include an intelligent hardware device (e.g., a general-purpose processor, a DSP, a CPU, an ASIC, an FPGA, or any combination thereof). In some implementations, the processor 902 may be configured to operate the memory 904. In some other implementations, the memory 904 may be integrated into the processor 902. The processor 902 may be configured to execute computer-readable instructions stored in the memory 904 to cause the NE 900 to perform various functions of the present disclosure.

[0138] The memory 904 may include volatile or non-volatile memory. The memory 904 may store computer-readable, computer-executable code including instructions when executed by the processor 902 cause the NE 900 to perform various functions described herein. The code may be stored in a non-transitory computer-readable medium such as the memory 904 or another type of memory. Computer-readable media includes both non-transitory computer storage media and communication media including any medium that facilitates transfer of a computer program from one place to another. A non-transitory storage medium may be any available medium that may be accessed by a general-purpose or special-purpose computer.

[0139] In some implementations, the processor 902 and the memory 904 coupled with the processor 902 may be configured to cause the NE 900 to perform one or more of the functions described herein (e.g., executing, by the processor 902, instructions stored in the memory 904). For example, the processor 902 may support wireless communication at the NE 900 in accordance with examples as disclosed herein. The NE 900 may be configured to support a means for transmitting a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, where the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an AIoT device; transmitting a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; and transmitting a third configuration for reception of the preamble from a UE and backscattering the carrier wave.

[0140] Additionally, the NE 900 may be configured to support any one or combination of transmitting the first configuration in DCI; transmitting the first configuration in a RRC message; where the transmission of the carrier wave is periodic based at least in part on the first configuration, and further including: activating or deactivating the transmission of the carrier wave based at least in part on DCI, where the set of one or more uplink resources comprise one or more configured grant resources; where the first configuration indicates to mute a set of one or more subcarriers located between a set of one or more sub-carriers of the carrier wave and a set of one or more data sub-carriers of the UE; where the first configuration assigns an un-modulated single subcarrier generated within an OFDM symbol, and where the carrier wave comprises the un-modulated single sub-carrier generated within the OFDM symbol; where the AIoT device is one of multiple AIoT devices each having a different frequency response, and where different sub-carriers are assigned to different ones of the multiple AIoT devices; where the first configuration assigns un-modulated multiple sub-carriers generated within an OFDM symbol to be used as the carrier wave; where a number of sub-carriers in the multiple sub-carriers is based on a configured SCS for uplink transmission; where the multiple sub-carriers are spread with DFT to reduce PAPR of a generated symbol; where a phase of a carrier wave sub-carrier or sub-carriers is different than phases of modulated sub-carriers used for transmitting UE data; where the second configuration identifies a pattern for transmission of the preamble prior to the transmission of the carrier wave from the UE; where the preamble synchronizes backscattering from the AIoT device with one or more uplink slot boundaries and corrects a timing synchronization for backscattering from the AIoT device; where the preamble is modulated with at least one of ASK or PSK; where the preamble is terminated with a synch word that indicates an ending of the preamble; where the preamble is transmitted periodically during each of one or more slots or frames; where the third configuration includes instructions to the AIoT device for receiving the synchronization preamble and for backscattering the carrier wave during a configured monitoring time window.

[0141] Additionally, or alternatively, the NE 900 may support at least one memory (e.g., the memory 904) and at least one processor (e.g., the processor 902) coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the NE to: transmit a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, where the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an AIoT device; transmit a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; and transmit a third configuration for reception of the preamble from a UE and backscattering the carrier wave.

[0142] Additionally, the NE 900 may be configured to support any one or combination of the at least one processor is configured to cause the NE to transmit the first configuration in; a RRC message; where the transmission of the carrier wave is periodic based at least in part on the first configuration, and activate or deactivate the transmission of the carrier wave based at least in part on DCI, where the set of one or more uplink resources comprise one or more configured grant resources; where the first configuration indicates to mute a set of one or more sub-carriers located between a set of one or more sub-carriers of the carrier wave and a set of one or more data subcarriers of the UE; where the first configuration assigns an un-modulated single sub-carrier generated within an OFDM symbol, and where the carrier wave comprises the un-modulated single sub-carrier generated within the OFDM symbol; where the AIoT device is one of multiple AIoTdevices each having a different frequency response, and where different sub-carriers are assigned to different ones of the multiple AIoT devices; where the first configuration assigns un-modulated multiple sub-carriers generated within an OFDM symbol to be used as the carrier wave; where a number of sub-carriers in the multiple sub-carriers is based on a configured SCS for uplink transmission; where the multiple sub-carriers are spread with DFT to reduce PAPR of a generated symbol; where a phase of a carrier wave sub-carrier or sub-carriers is different than phases of modulated sub-carriers used for transmitting UE data; where the second configuration identifies a pattern for transmission of the preamble prior to the transmission of the carrier wave from the UE; where the preamble synchronizes backscattering from the AIoT device with one or more uplink slot boundaries and corrects a timing synchronization for backscattering from the AIoT device; where the preamble is modulated with at least one of ASK or PSK; where the preamble is terminated with a synch word that indicates an ending of the preamble; where the preamble is transmitted periodically during each of one or more slots or frames; where the third configuration includes instructions to the AIoT device for receiving the synchronization preamble and for backscattering the carrier wave during a configured monitoring time window.

[0143] The controller 906 may manage input and output signals for the NE 900. The controller 906 may also manage peripherals not integrated into the NE 900. In some implementations, the controller 906 may utilize an operating system such as iOS®, ANDROID®, WINDOWS®, or other operating systems. In some implementations, the controller 906 may be implemented as part of the processor 902.

[0144] In some implementations, the NE 900 may include at least one transceiver 908. In some other implementations, the NE 900 may have more than one transceiver 908. The transceiver 908 may represent a wireless transceiver. The transceiver 908 may include one or more receiver chains 910, one or more transmitter chains 912, or a combination thereof.

[0145] A receiver chain 910 may be configured to receive signals (e.g., control information, data, packets) over a wireless medium. For example, the receiver chain 910 may include one or more antennas to receive a signal over the air or wireless medium. The receiver chain 910 may include at least one amplifier (e.g., a low-noise amplifier (LNA)) configured to amplify the received signal. The receiver chain 910 may include at least one demodulator configured to demodulate the receive signal and obtain the transmitted data by reversing the modulation technique applied duringtransmission of the signal. The receiver chain 910 may include at least one decoder for decoding the demodulated signal to receive the transmitted data.

[0146] A transmitter chain 912 may be configured to generate and transmit signals (e.g., control information, data, packets). The transmitter chain 912 may include at least one modulator for modulating data onto a carrier signal, preparing the signal for transmission over a wireless medium. The at least one modulator may be configured to support one or more techniques such as amplitude modulation (AM), frequency modulation (FM), or digital modulation schemes like phase-shift keying (PSK) or quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). The transmitter chain 912 may also include at least one power amplifier configured to amplify the modulated signal to an appropriate power level suitable for transmission over the wireless medium. The transmitter chain 912 may also include one or more antennas for transmitting the amplified signal into the air or wireless medium.

[0147] Figure 10 illustrates a flowchart of a method in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method may be implemented by a UE as described herein. In some implementations, the UE may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the UE to perform the described functions.

[0148] At 1002, the method may include receiving a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, wherein the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an AIoT device. The operations of 1002 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1002 may be performed by a UE as described with reference to Figure 7.

[0149] At 1004, the method may include receiving a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device. The operations of 1004 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1004 may be performed by a UE as described with reference to Figure 7.

[0150] At 1006, the method may include transmitting the carrier wave and the preamble on the set of one or more uplink resources. The operations of 1006 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1006 may be performed a UE as described with reference to Figure 7.

[0151] It should be noted that the method described herein describes a possible implementation, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible.

[0152] Figure 11 illustrates a flowchart of a method in accordance with aspects of the present disclosure. The operations of the method may be implemented by a NE as described herein. In some implementations, the NE may execute a set of instructions to control the function elements of the NE to perform the described functions.

[0153] At 1102, the method may include transmitting a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, wherein the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an AIoT device. The operations of 1102 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1102 may be performed by a NE as described with reference to Figure 9.

[0154] At 1104, the method may include transmitting a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device. The operations of 1104 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1104 may be performed by a NE as described with reference to Figure 9.

[0155] At 1106, the method may include transmitting a third configuration for reception of the preamble from a UE and backscattering the carrier wave. The operations of 1106 may be performed in accordance with examples as described herein. In some implementations, aspects of the operations of 1106 may be performed a NE as described with reference to Figure 9.

[0156] It should be noted that the method described herein describes a possible implementation, and that the operations and the steps may be rearranged or otherwise modified and that other implementations are possible.

[0157] The description herein is provided to enable a person having ordinary skill in the art to make or use the disclosure. Various modifications to the disclosure will be apparent to a person having ordinary skill in the art, and the generic principles defined herein may be applied to other variations without departing from the scope of the disclosure. Thus, the disclosure is not limited to the examples and designs described herein but is to be accorded the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

CLAIMSWhat is claimed is:

1. A user equipment (UE) for wireless communication, comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the UE to: receive a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, wherein the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an ambient Internet of things (AIoT) device; receive a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; and transmit the carrier wave and the preamble on the set of one or more uplink resources.

2. The UE of claim 1 , wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to receive the first configuration in downlink control information (DCI).

3. The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to receive the first configuration in a radio resource control (RRC) message.

4. The UE of claim 1 , wherein the transmission of the carrier wave is periodic based at least in part on the first configuration, and wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to activate or deactivate the transmission of the carrier wave based at least in part on downlink control information (DCI), wherein the set of one or more uplink resources comprises one or more configured grant resources.

5. The UE of claim 1, wherein the first configuration indicates to mute a set of one or more sub-carriers located between a set of one or more sub-carriers of the carrier wave and a set of one or more data sub-carriers of the UE.

6. The UE of claim 1 , wherein the first configuration assigns an un-modulated single subcarrier generated within an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol, andwherein the carrier wave comprises the un-modulated single sub-carrier generated within the OFDM symbol.

7. The UE of claim 6, wherein the AIoT device is one of multiple AIoT devices each having a different frequency response, and wherein different sub-carriers are assigned to different ones of the multiple AIoT devices.

8. The UE of claim 1, wherein the first configuration assigns un-modulated multiple subcarriers generated within an orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol to be used as the carrier wave.

9. The UE of claim 8, wherein a number of sub-carriers in the multiple sub-carriers is based on a configured sub-carrier spacing (SCS) for uplink transmission.

10. The UE of claim 8, wherein the multiple sub-carriers are spread with discrete Fourier transform (DFT) to reduce peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) of a generated symbol.

11. The UE of claim 1 , wherein a phase of a carrier wave sub-carrier or sub-carriers is different than phases of modulated sub-carriers used for transmitting UE data.

12. The UE of claim 1, wherein the second configuration identifies a pattern for transmission of the preamble prior to the transmission of the carrier wave from the UE.

13. The UE of claim 12, wherein the preamble synchronizes backscattering from the AIoT device with one or more uplink slot boundaries and corrects a timing synchronization for backscattering from the AIoT device.

14. The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to modulate the preamble using at least one of amplitude shift keying (ASK) or phase shift keying (PSK).

15. The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to terminate the preamble with a synch word that indicates an ending of the preamble.

16. The UE of claim 1, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the UE to transmit the preamble periodically during each of one or more slots or frames.

17. A base station for wireless communication, comprising: at least one memory; and at least one processor coupled with the at least one memory and configured to cause the base station to: transmit a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, wherein the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an ambient Internet of things (AIoT) device; transmit a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; and transmit a third configuration for reception of the preamble from a user equipment (UE) and backscattering the carrier wave.

18. The base station of claim 17, wherein the at least one processor is further configured to cause the base station to transmit the first configuration in downlink control information (DCI), or in a radio resource control (RRC) message.

19. A method performed by a user equipment (UE), the method comprising: receiving a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, wherein the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an ambient Internet of things (AIoT) device; receiving a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; and transmitting the carrier wave and the preamble on the set of one or more uplink resources.

20. A method performed by a base station, the method comprising: transmitting a first signaling that includes a first configuration associated with a carrier wave, wherein the first configuration comprises a set of one or more uplink resources for transmission of the carrier wave to excite an ambient Internet of things (AIoT) device; transmitting a second signaling that includes a second configuration for transmission of a preamble to synchronize backscattering from the AIoT device; andtransmitting, to the AIoT device, a third signaling that includes a third configuration for reception of the preamble from a user equipment (UE) and backscattering the carrier wave.

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