Hydraulic breaker without back head

Abstract

The present invention relates to a hydraulic breaker without a back head and, more specifically, to a hydraulic breaker without a back head wherein a cylinder block has a multi-sided assembly structure. To this end, the hydraulic breaker without a back head according to the present invention comprises: a main control valve which receives working fluid from the outside; a pilot valve which controls a supply flow path of the working fluid to the main control valve; a plate having a pilot flow path hole for connecting the main control valve and the pilot valve; a single-acting cylinder which receives the working fluid from the main control valve; a piston rod which moves forward by means of the working fluid supplied to the single-acting cylinder; a rod module integrally coupled to an upper end of the piston rod; a hinge module coupled to the rod module; a protrusion module which moves forward by means of the forward movement of the hinge module; a ram block module in which a part of the protrusion module is inserted into a formed hole; an impact ram integrally formed with the ram block module and filled with gas in a cylinder formed therein; and a gas cylinder rod having a flow path for supplying gas to the cylinder formed in the impact ram and compressing the gas filled in the cylinder by means of the forward movement of the impact ram.

Description

Hydraulic breaker without backhead

[0001] The present invention relates to a hydraulic breaker without a backhead, and more particularly, to a hydraulic breaker without a backhead having a cylinder block of a multi-faceted assembly structure.

[0002] Typically, hydraulic breakers are attached to construction equipment such as excavators and are used for crushing, compacting, and driving.

[0003] Figures 1 and 2 illustrate a hydraulic breaker. The hydraulic breaker has a rectangular exterior and a cylindrical interior, and is composed of a front head (300) that accommodates a chisel (200), a cylinder block (400) that accommodates an impact piston (600), two seal retainers (700), and a back head (500) that is filled with gas.

[0004] The driving method of a typical hydraulic breaker is to supply fluid from the outside, and when the impact piston (600) moves forward, the flow path is switched by the switching valve (800), and the impact piston (600) moves rapidly backward due to the pressure of the gas filled in the backhead (500), thereby obtaining impact force.

[0005] The impact piston consists of an upper, middle, and lower section. To achieve effective impact force, the stroke length must be long. This means that the upper, middle, and lower sections must each be lengthened. For example, to increase the stroke length by 200 mm, the upper, middle, and lower sections must each increase by 200 mm. Furthermore, including the upper and lower bushings further increases the length of the impact piston, making it difficult to easily increase the stroke length.

[0006] In addition, as the stroke of the impact piston increases, the length of the cylinder block and backhead also increases, resulting in an increase in the overall size and weight, which not only increases fuel efficiency and the production cost of the product when operating the construction machine, but also makes it difficult to handle, etc., causing many problems.

[0007] Accordingly, Korean Patent No. 10-0820644 (Title of invention: Backhead structure of hydraulic breaker) is disclosed, which increases the size of the backhead to increase the capacity of nitrogen gas charged inside, thereby increasing the charging pressure.

[0008] These hydraulic breakers also eventually increase the overall size, which causes the problems described above.

[0009] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to seal the assembly surface of a plate assembled into a polyhedron and to fill a cylinder formed inside an impact ram with compressed gas to replace the role of a conventional backhead.

[0010] Another problem to be solved by the present invention is to manufacture the cylinder block of the hydraulic breaker as an assembly structure without a backhead, thereby reducing the overall structure, and designing the impact piston type as an impact ram type without a piston part, thereby increasing the stroke distance, increasing the impact force, and reducing the length of the impact ram.

[0011] In addition, the present invention aims to provide a hydraulic breaker without a backhead, which can maintain the best performance even for long-term use by making the cylinder block a polyhedron that can be disassembled and assembled, thereby facilitating the replacement of internal consumables and replacing consumables at the right time.

[0012] To this end, the hydraulic breaker without a backhead of the present invention comprises: a main control valve that receives operating fluid from an external source; a pilot valve that controls a supply path of operating fluid to the main control valve; a plate having a pilot flow path hole formed therein for connecting the main control valve and the pilot valve; a single-acting cylinder that receives operating fluid from the main control valve; a piston rod that advances by the operating fluid supplied to the single-acting cylinder; a rod module that is integrally connected to the upper end of the piston rod; a hinge module that is coupled to the rod module; a protrusion module that advances by the advancement of the hinge module; a ram block module into which a portion of the protrusion module is inserted into a formed hole; an impact ram that is integrally formed with the ram block module and fills a cylinder formed therein with gas; and a gas cylinder rod that has a path formed therein for supplying gas to the cylinder formed in the impact ram and compresses the gas filled in the cylinder by the advancement of the impact ram.

[0013] The hydraulic breaker without a backhead according to the present invention has a cylinder block manufactured in a polyhedral shape, so that the overall structure can be reduced, thereby reducing manufacturing costs. In addition, since disassembly and assembly are easy, consumables can be replaced at the right time, so that the best hydraulic breaker performance can always be maintained.

[0014] In addition, a structure is proposed in which gas is filled into a cylinder formed inside an impact ram and the impact ram is rapidly lowered by the pressure of the filled gas, thereby preventing gas from leaking due to incomplete sealing.

[0015] In addition, the present invention not only increases the stroke distance by changing the structure of the impact piston to an impact ram type without a piston part, thereby improving the impact force of the hydraulic breaker, thereby increasing the work efficiency and reducing fuel consumption, but also has the advantage of reducing the manufacturing and management costs by drastically reducing the length of the impact ram by applying a straight bearing block and a straight bearing guide.

[0016] Figure 1 is a drawing illustrating a conventional hydraulic breaker.

[0017] Figure 2 is a drawing showing the stroke section of a conventional piston.

[0018] Figure 3 illustrates the side structure of a hydraulic breaker without a backhead proposed in the present invention.

[0019] Figure 4 illustrates a planar structure of a hydraulic breaker without a backhead proposed in the present invention.

[0020] Figure 5 is a side structural drawing of the first piston rod proposed in the present invention in a state where it has completely moved backward.

[0021] Figure 6 is a side structural drawing of the first piston rod proposed in the present invention in a forward starting state.

[0022] Figure 7 is a side structural drawing of the first piston rod proposed in the present invention before it has completed forward movement.

[0023] Figure 8 is a side structural drawing of the first piston rod proposed in the present invention in a state where it has completely advanced.

[0024] Figure 9 illustrates a protrusion module proposed in the present invention.

[0025] Figure 10 illustrates the driving method of the spool proposed in the present invention.

[0026] Fig. 11 illustrates an example of supplying operating oil or compressed gas to a single-acting cylinder head according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 12 illustrates the assembly structure of the chisel proposed in the present invention.

[0028] Figure 13 illustrates a depressurization pump according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] The aforementioned and additional aspects of the present invention will become more apparent through preferred embodiments described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Below, these embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail so that those skilled in the art can easily understand and reproduce them.

[0030] FIG. 3 illustrates a side structure of a hydraulic breaker without a backhead according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 illustrates a plan structure of a hydraulic breaker without a backhead according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] According to FIG. 3, the hydraulic breaker is illustrated as a first piston rod (10a), a first single-acting cylinder (20a), a first single-acting seal retainer (81a), a main control valve (70), a first load module (30a), a first pilot euro hole (6a), a pilot valve (71), a first ram cylinder (50a), a first impact ram (40a), a first seal retainer (80a), a first-first linear bearing module (90a), a first-second linear bearing module (90b), a first ram block module (60a), a first-first linear bearing guide (91a), a first-second linear bearing guide (91b), a plate (100), a first protrusion module (61a), a first-first limit block (62a), a first-second limit block (62b), and a first gas cylinder rod (63a).

[0032] In addition, according to FIG. 4, the hydraulic breaker is illustrated as a first single-acting cylinder (20a), a first single-acting seal retainer (81a), a first piston rod (10a), a first load module (30a), a first valve pressing control rod (5a), a second single-acting cylinder (20b), a second piston rod (10b), a second single-acting seal retainer (81b), a second load module (30b), a second valve pressing control rod (5b), and a spool (72). Of course, other configurations than those illustrated in FIGS. 3 and 4 may be additionally included in the hydraulic breaker proposed in the present invention.

[0033] The hydraulic breaker includes a plate (100) processed with a number of fastening tabs, bolt holes, gas inlets, oil inlets, and oil outlets, and the assembly surface of the plate assembled into a polyhedron is sealed, and a seal retainer is applied to the ram cylinder to form a sealed space.

[0034] Referring to Fig. 3, a first impact ram (40a) is mounted inside a first ram cylinder (50a). The first impact ram (40a) has a cylinder formed inside, and the inside of the cylinder is filled with gas. The first impact ram (40a) is connected to a first ram block module (60a), and the first impact ram (40a) also moves up and down due to the vertical movement of the first ram block module (60a).

[0035] A first gas cylinder rod (63a) is formed on a cylinder formed in the first impact ram (40a). A gas path is formed in the first gas cylinder rod (63a) to supply gas to a cylinder formed inside the first impact ram (40a). A certain amount of gas is maintained in the formed cylinder of the first impact ram (40a) through the gas path. When the first impact ram (40a) advances due to the forward movement (upward movement) of the first ram block module (60a), the gas inside the cylinder is compressed by the first gas cylinder rod (63a).

[0036] The first impact ram (40a) moves backward (downward) by the pressure of the compressed gas and applies an impact force to the outside.

[0037] The 1-1 linear bearing module (90a) moves up and down on the 1-1 linear bearing guide (91b) while being connected to the 1st RAM block module (60a).

[0038] The first piston rod (10a) receives fluid from the main control valve (70) and moves up and down (forward and backward) within the first single-acting cylinder (20a). The first single-acting seal retainer (81a) is applied to the first single-acting cylinder (20a) so that the first single-acting cylinder (20a) forms a sealed space. In addition, the first-second linear bearing module (90b) moves up and down on the first-second linear bearing guide (91b) while being fastened to the first rod module (30a).

[0039] In addition, the plate (100) assembled into a polyhedron forms a main control valve (70) and a pilot valve (71), and a flow path connecting the main control valve (70) and the pilot valve (71) is formed.

[0040] A first load module (30a) is formed at the upper end of the first piston rod (10a), and the first load module (30a) also moves up and down by the up and down movement of the first piston rod (10a). In addition, the first load module (30a) includes a first hinge module (31a), and the first hinge module (31a) presses upward the first protrusion module (61a) fastened to the first ram block module (60a), thereby moving upward the first protrusion module (61a) and the first ram block module (60a) fastened to the first lead-out module (61a). The detailed operation thereof will be described later.

[0041] That is, the operations of the first protrusion module (61a), the first hinge module (31a), the first-first limit block (62a), and the first-second limit block (62b) will be described later.

[0042] Figure 4 illustrates the planar structure of a hydraulic breaker without a backhead, as described above. As illustrated in Figure 4, the present invention proposes a hydraulic breaker with one impact ram and a hydraulic breaker with two single-acting cylinders. To this end, the same configuration as that illustrated in Figure 3 is additionally configured.

[0043] That is, according to FIG. 4, a first load module (30a), a first piston rod (10a), a first single-acting seal retainer (81a), and a first single-acting cylinder (20a) are formed on the left, and a second load module (30b), a second piston rod (10b), a second single-acting seal retainer (81b), and a second single-acting cylinder (20b) are formed on the right in the same manner.

[0044] A first valve pressure adjustment rod (5a) is formed at the top of the first load module (30a), and a second valve pressure adjustment rod (5b) is formed at the top of the second load module (30) to pressurize a spool (72) protruding inside a pilot valve (71). When the spool (72) is pressurized, the flow path inside the pilot valve (71) is switched, and accordingly, the flow path of the main control valve (70) is switched, causing the first piston rod (10a) and the first load module (30a) to move forward, and at the same time, the second piston rod (10b) and the second load module (30b) to move backward. Of course, when the second piston rod (10b) and the second load module (30b) move forward due to the flow path switching of the main control valve (70), the first piston rod (10a) and the first load module (30a) move backward at the same time.

[0045] Of course, it is not shown in Figure 4, but the first RAM block module also moves forward and backward automatically by gas pressure as the first load module moves forward and backward.

[0046] FIGS. 5 to 8 illustrate the forward / reverse movement states of the first piston rod according to one embodiment of the present invention. In particular, FIG. 5 illustrates the state in which the first piston rod has completed its backward movement, FIG. 6 illustrates the state in which the first piston rod has moved forward, FIG. 7 illustrates the state in which the first piston rod has not completed its forward movement, and FIG. 8 illustrates the state in which the first piston rod has completed its forward movement.

[0047] Hereinafter, we will first examine the state in which the first piston rod has completed its backward movement. As described above, the first load module (30a) is fastened to the upper end of the first piston rod (10a), and the first hinge module (31a) is fastened to the first load module (30a). The first hinge module (31a) rotates on the first load module (30a), and in particular, the end of the first hinge module (31a) is maintained apart from the first load module (30a) by the first-1 elastic member (32b).

[0048] The first protruding module (61a) is inserted into a groove formed in the first RAM block module (60a), and a portion of the first protruding module (61a) is inserted into the hole while the first-second elastic member (32b) is inserted. A portion of the first protruding module (61a) is exposed to the outside of the first RAM block module (60a) by the first-second elastic member (32b).

[0049] As shown in Fig. 5, the first piston rod (10a) is positioned at the lower end of the first protruding module (61a) connected to the first ram block module (60a) in a state in which the backward movement is completed, and the first hinge module (31a) is pressed upward in a state in which the first protruding module (61a) is in close contact with the first hinge module (31a) by the forward movement of the first piston rod (10a).

[0050] Figure 6 illustrates a state in which the first hinge module (31a) is pressed upward against the first protrusion module (61a) by the advancement of the first piston rod (10a).

[0051] According to Fig. 7, the first hinge module (31a) moves the first protruding module (61a) upward by the advancement of the first piston rod (10a), and the first protruding module (61a) moved upward presses the first-first limit block (62a). The first protruding module (61a) is drawn into the groove formed in the first ram block module (60a) by the pressurization of the fixed first-first limit block (62a).

[0052] Fig. 9 illustrates the shape of the first protruding module according to the present invention. According to Fig. 9, the first protruding module has both ends (61a-2) having a round shape, and the center (61a-1) having an angular shape.

[0053] The first hinge module (31a) presses each part of the first protruding module (61a) to move it upward, while the first-first limit block (62a) is in close contact with both ends (61a-2) of the first protruding module (61a). Due to the shape of both ends (61a-2) of the first protruding module (61a) having a round shape, when the first protruding module (61a) presses the first-first limit block (62a), the first protruding module (61a) is inserted into a groove formed in the first ram block module (60a).

[0054] Fig. 8 illustrates a state in which the first protruding module is inserted into the groove formed in the first RAM block module. When the first protruding module (61a) is inserted into the groove formed in the first RAM block module (60a), the first hinge module (31a) and the first protruding module (61a) are separated. When the first protruding module (61a) is separated from the first hinge module (31a), the first RAM block module (60a) is rapidly moved backward by the compressed gas filled in the cylinder formed in the first impact ram (40a) to apply an impact force to the outside.

[0055] Fig. 10 illustrates a spool driving method. Hereinafter, using Fig. 10, a spool driving method according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0056] Fig. 10 illustrates the driving method of a spool valve. Hereinafter, using Fig. 10, the driving method of a spool according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described.

[0057] The first spool (72-1) and the second spool (72-2) operate in opposite directions with respect to the connecting passage (72a). When the first valve pressing control rod (5a) formed at the upper end of the first load module (30a) presses the first spool (72-1), the medium (72) moves upward, and the second spool (72-2) moves downward. In addition, when the second valve pressing control rod (5b) formed at the upper end of the second load module (30b) presses the second spool (72-2), the second spool (72-2) moves upward, and the first spool (72-1) moves downward. In this way, the two spools in the pilot valve operate crosswise whenever the two valve pressing control rods are pressed from the left and right with respect to the connecting passage (72a) according to the seesaw principle.

[0058] Fig. 11 illustrates an example of supplying operating oil or compressed gas to a single-acting cylinder head according to an embodiment of the present invention. As illustrated in Fig. 11, the first port A formed in the first cylinder head (single-acting cylinder head) and the second port A' formed in the second cylinder head (single-acting cylinder head) are connected as one and sealed using a seal retainer to fill the interior with operating oil or compressed gas. Since the first port A formed in the first cylinder head and the second port A' formed in the second cylinder head are connected as one, when the first piston rod rises, the second piston rod descends. In addition, when the second piston rod rises, the first piston rod descends. When the first port formed in the first cylinder head and the second port formed in the second cylinder head are connected in this way, the operating oil is reduced by 30 to 40% compared to the operating oil used when operating each piston rod separately. Of course, the present invention has the same saving effect when using compressed gas.

[0059] Fig. 12 illustrates the assembly structure of the chisel proposed in the present invention. Hereinafter, the assembly structure of the chisel according to one embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail using Fig. 12.

[0060] As illustrated in Fig. 12, the detachable chisel is composed of a first chisel portion located at the top and a second chisel portion located at the bottom, and the first chisel portion and the second chisel portion are fixed by a first pin (1a) and a second pin (1b). In addition, the first pin (1a) and the second pin (1b) are pulled together internally by a bolt or spring, thereby maintaining perfect fastening even under impact vibration with a small force. In this way, the present invention proposes a detachable chisel composed of a first chisel portion and a second chisel portion, thereby reducing the maintenance cost of the chisel. That is, the present invention can reduce the maintenance cost by replacing only the second chisel portion when the chisel needs to be replaced.

[0061] Fig. 13 illustrates a decompression pump according to an embodiment of the present invention. Hereinafter, the decompression pump according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail using Fig. 13.

[0062] Pumps with a depressurizing function operate on a similar principle to conventional plunger pumps. However, the power source for sucking and discharging lubricant is the operating fluid flowing within the hydraulic breaker, operating only when the breaker is operating.

[0063] According to Fig. 13, the decompression pump includes an inlet pipe (208), a body check valve (212), an outlet pipe (210), an outcheck valve (214), a decompression pump cylinder (202), a decompression pump piston (204), a decompression pump elastic member (206), a decompression bypass pipe (216), and a P porter. Of course, other configurations than the above-described configurations may be included in the decompression pump proposed in the present invention.

[0064] A body check valve (212) is formed on the inlet pipe (208), and an outcheck valve (214) is formed on the outlet pipe (210). A decompression pump cylinder (202) is positioned between the inlet pipe (208) and the outlet pipe (210). The decompression pump cylinder (202) has a decompression pump piston (204) and a decompression pump elastic member (206) positioned therein. The decompression pump piston (204) moves upward by the decompression pump elastic member (206) when no external force is applied.

[0065] According to Fig. 13(a), whenever the hydraulic breaker operates, pressure is applied inside the hydraulic breaker, and the decompression pump piston (204) is pressurized through the P porter, which generates pressure in the lubricating oil, causing the outcheck valve (214) to open and the lubricating oil to be discharged.

[0066] According to Fig. 13(b), when the hydraulic breaker stops operating, the pressure in the P port is released, and the decompression pump piston (204) is pushed by the decompression pump elastic member (206) and the decompression pump piston (204) returns, and lubricating oil is sucked into the body check valve (208).

[0067] A decompression bypass pipe (216) is created in the decompression pump cylinder (202) formed inside the decompression pump housing to bypass the body check valve (212) and the outcheck valve (214). When the hydraulic breaker stops operating and the decompression pump piston (204) fully returns, the decompression bypass pipe (216) is opened to decompression.

[0068] Although the present invention has been described with reference to an embodiment shown in the drawings, this is merely exemplary, and those skilled in the art will understand that various modifications and equivalent other embodiments are possible therefrom.

[0069] The present invention relates to a hydraulic breaker without a backhead, and more particularly, to a hydraulic breaker without a backhead having a cylinder block of a multi-faceted assembly structure.

[0070] The hydraulic breaker without a backhead according to the present invention has a cylinder block manufactured in a polyhedral shape, so that the overall structure can be reduced, thereby reducing manufacturing costs. In addition, since disassembly and assembly are easy, consumables can be replaced at the right time, so that the best hydraulic breaker performance can always be maintained.

Claims

1. Main control valve that receives operating fluid from outside; A pilot valve that controls the supply path of operating oil to the above main control valve; A plate with a perforated pilot oil hole connecting the main control valve and the pilot valve; A single-acting cylinder that receives operating fluid from the above main control valve; A piston rod that advances by the operating fluid supplied to the above single-acting cylinder; A rod module integrally connected to the upper end of the piston rod; A hinge module coupled to the above load module; A protruding module that advances by the advancement of the above hinge module; A RAM block module in which a part of the protruding module is introduced into the formed hole; An impact ram formed integrally with the above ram block module and having gas filled in a cylinder formed inside; and A backhead-less hydraulic breaker characterized by including a gas cylinder rod that forms a path for supplying gas to a cylinder formed in the impact ram, and compresses gas filled in the cylinder by the advancement of the impact ram.

2. In the first paragraph, the protruding module, A hydraulic breaker without a backhead, characterized by both ends having a round shape in the vertical direction.

3. In the second paragraph, the hinge module pressurizes and advances at least a part of the protrusion module, Pressurized by the above protruding module moving forward, and including a fixed limit module, A hydraulic breaker without a backhead, characterized in that the protruding module is introduced into the hole formed in the lamb block module by the pressurization of the limit module.

4. A hydraulic breaker without a backhead, characterized in that the valve pressing control rod formed on the upper part of the load module in the first paragraph pressurizes each spool formed on the seesaw plate.

5. In the first paragraph, the single-acting cylinder includes a first single-acting cylinder and a second single-acting cylinder, The above piston rod includes a first piston rod and a second piston rod, A hydraulic breaker without a backhead, characterized in that the port through which the operating oil or compressed gas flows formed in the first single-acting cylinder head and the port through which the operating oil or compressed gas flows formed in the second single-acting cylinder head are connected.

6. In paragraph 1, A chisel comprising a first chisel portion and a second chisel portion connected to the first chisel portion, The first chisel portion and the second chisel portion are connected by the first pin and the second pin, A hydraulic breaker without a backhead, characterized in that the first and second pins are fastened by a bolt or a spring.

7. Inlet pipe through which lubricating oil flows in; A drain pipe through which lubricating oil flows out; A human body valve formed on the above inlet pipe; An outcheck valve formed on the above outlet pipe; A depressurizing pump cylinder formed between the above outlet pipe and inlet pipe; A decompression pump piston formed inside the above decompression pump cylinder; A decompression pump elastic member formed on the decompression pump cylinder and pressurizing the decompression pump piston upward; A P porter into which lubricating oil is introduced to pressurize the decompression pump piston downward; and A depressurization pump characterized by including a depressurization bypass pipe connecting the inlet and outlet pipes.

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