Sauna stove

Abstract

Sauna stove containing the bottom 1, the air valve 2, the rear wall 3, the primary air openings 4, the front wall 5, the ash drawer 6, the door 7, the ceiling plate 8, the air duct 9, the combustion chamber 10, the post-combustion chamber 11, the cleaning hatches 12, the flue 13, the angular ceiling 14 and the secondary air openings 15. The gradual ceiling ensures the mixing of the combustion air and the combustion gases, and with very low emissions of harmful substances, a clean combustion process with high efficiency can be achieved.

Description

[0001] Sauna stove

[0002] Technical field of the invention

[0003] The invention belongs to the field of structural elements of fireplaces. The main area of use is the saunas, specifically a sauna stove. The invention is related with the air intake of the sauna stove.

[0004] Background of the invention

[0005] Different sauna stoves are known from the state of the art, mostly characterized by the fact that the combustion air is taken from the lower part of the sauna stove through a hatch near the ash drawer and the combustion process is also carried out there. However, this does not allow the heating material (e.g. firewood) to burn completely. A complete, 100% effective combustion process means that all combustible material found in firewood is converted to heat, CO2 and water vapor. The incomplete combustion process, however, means that some carbon and hydrogen remain unburned, and harmful particles are produced that are emitted into the air through the chimney and create air pollution into the environment. The object of the invention is to minimize emissions of harmful combustion gases and ash particles and to use combustion air more efficiently in the sauna stove.

[0006] There are various sauna stoves in the state of the art, where the combustion process is solved using pipes located in the upper part of the sauna stove. For these sauna stoves, combustion air is discharged into the combustion chamber from above along the pipes, and a ceramic ceiling plate is often placed on top of the pipes. However, the control of the combustion air through the pipes does not produce so much of a good full combustion effect, and in addition, in terms of production, the solution with the pipes is more expensive.

[0007] The nearest solution is described in the Estonian utility model document EE 01533 U1. The object of the invention is to reduce the amount of combustion gases and ash particles that go into the environment. EE 01533 U1 describes a sauna stove containing a bottom, air valve, rear wall, air openings, ash drawer, door, combustion chamber, cleaning hatches, and flue. The secondary air required for combustion is directed to the upper part of the sauna stove using secondary air pipes, and the primary air is directed to the combustion chamber through the ash drawer and through the introduced additional plates. For this solution, the effect of complete combustion is not as high as for the present invention, because there is no angular ceiling in the upper part of the combustion chamber, which ensures good mixing of combustion air and combustion gases.

[0008] Summary of the invention

[0009] The object of the invention is a clean and complete combustion process of firewood in the sauna stove. This is achieved using an angular ceiling located in the upper part of the combustion chamber. The gradual ceiling creates a good mixing of the combustion air and a combustion gases, due to which the emission of ash particles, carbon monoxides (CO) and nitrogen monoxides (NO) in combustion gases is very low and at the same time the burning efficiency is high (effective oxygen use). High concentrations of nitrogen monoxides and carbon monoxides in combustion gases are one of the hallmarks of incomplete combustion and are pollutants when released into the environment.

[0010] The sauna stove contains the bottom, the air valve located under the combustion chamber at the bottom of the sauna stove, the ash drawer located in the lower part of the sauna stove, the front wall, the door, the combustion chamber, and the rear wall located therein, the primary air openings located in the rear wall of the combustion chamber, the air duct located in the rear wall of the combustion chamber, the ceiling plate located in the upper part of the combustion chamber, the post-combustion chamber located in the upper part of the sauna stove, the cleaning hatches, the flue and a angular ceiling arranged in the upper part of the combustion chamber formed by a angular plate containing secondary air openings and a ceiling plate located above it.

[0011] The ash drawer is, in addition to holding the ash, also designed to move the primary air during the firing phase of the firewood (at the end, if necessary, also during the combustion phase of the coals). In the main heating and combustion mode, the ash drawer is closed. For primary air access to the combustion chamber after firing firewood, an air valve arranged at the bottom of the sauna stove and an air duct arranged in the rear wall of the combustion chamber are provided. The rear wall of the combustion chamber contains primary air openings designed to let the primary air required to burn the firewood into the combustion chamber.

[0012] The combustion chamber has an angular ceiling consisting of a angular plate and a ceiling plate. The secondary air moves between the angular plate and the ceiling plate above it. The angular plate has the secondary air openings designed to move the secondary air into the combustion chamber.

[0013] The air duct between the angular ceiling and the post-combustion chamber, at the end of the angular plate, is also intended for the movement of combustion air and combustion gases into the post-combustion chamber. Smoke gases and preheated combustion air leave the combustion chamber from the side end of the sauna stove door of the angular plate via an air duct and then move them to the post-combustion chamber, where additional combustion takes place, which is essential for the complete combustion of the waste materials.

[0014] The secondary air openings in the angular plate and the primary air openings in the rear wall are designed to dose the combustion air evenly throughout the combustion chamber. The gradual ceiling ensures that the combustion air needed to burn firewood and the combustion gases mix well enough, and with a very low amount of harmful substances emissions, a clean combustion process with a high efficiency can be achieved.

[0015] List of illustrations

[0016] The invention is explained in more detail by the attached drawings where: figure fig 1 shows the overall view of the sauna stove; figure fig 2 shows a section of the sauna stove indicating the arrangement of the structural elements and the movement of the combustion air; figure fig 3 shows a vertical longitudinal section of the interior of the sauna stove; figure fig 4 shows a cross section of an angular ceiling; figure fig 5 shows an angular ceiling in axonometry. Embodiment

[0017] Figures fig 1 and fig 2 show a sauna stove containing the bottom 1 , the air valve 2, the rear wall 3, the primary air openings 4, the front wall 5, the ash drawer 6, the door 7, a ceiling plate 8, the air duct 9, the combustion chamber 10, the postcombustion chamber 11 , the cleaning hatches 12, the flue 13, the angular plate 14, the secondary air openings 15.

[0018] Under the bottom 1 of the sauna stove lies an air valve 2 designed to adjust the intensity of the combustion. From there, the primary air moves up the air duct 9 located in the rear wall 3 of the combustion chamber. The primary air openings 4 located in the rear wall 3 of the combustion chamber 10 are designed to provide primary air mainly to the combustion chamber. The secondary air openings 15 in the angular plate 14 are designed to provide secondary air to the combustion chamber. In the combustion chamber, a primary and secondary combustion process takes place.

[0019] The most important additional element of the sauna stove, the angular ceiling of the sauna stove, consists of a laser-cut and stainless sheet metal angular plate 14 and a ceiling plate 8 above it. The angular plate 14 and the ceiling plate 8 are joined together by welding. A partially closed chamber is created between the angular plate 14 and the ceiling plate 8. It is connected to the air duct 9 in the rear wall 3 of the combustion chamber 10, from which the secondary combustion air passes between the angular plate 14 and the ceiling plate 8 above it, and then on to the combustion chamber 10 via the secondary air openings 15 located in the angular plate 14. Smoke gases and combustion air exit the combustion chamber 10 into the postcombustion chamber 11 via an air duct positioned at the side end of the sauna stove door 7 of the angular plate 14 between the angular ceiling and the post-combustion chamber 11.

[0020] The sauna stove contains a post-combustion chamber 11 , which is intended for an additional combustion process. The smoke gases move to the upper part of the sauna stove, where they cool down. Smoke gases leaev through the flue 13. All the details of the sauna stove other than the angular plate 14 pictured in figures 4 and 5 are made of carbon steel. The angular plate 14 is made of stainless steel.

[0021] Through the ceiling, combustion air can be given to a wide combustion area. The gradual ceiling generates swirls and highly efficient combustion air exploitation (high efficiency) and at the same time very low emissions of harmful combustion gases and ash particles. The angular ceiling placed in the upper part of the combustion chamber plays the most decisive role in the purity of the combustion process.

[0022] Reference list

[0023] 1 - bottom

[0024] 2 - air valve

[0025] 3 - rear valve

[0026] 4 - primary air openings

[0027] 5 - front wall

[0028] 6 - ash drawer

[0029] 7 - door

[0030] 8 - ceiling plate

[0031] 9 - air duct

[0032] 10 - combustion chamber

[0033] 11 - post-combustion chamber

[0034] 12 - cleaning hatches

[0035] 13 -flue

[0036] 14 - angular ceiling

[0037] 15 - secondary air openings

Claims

Claims1. Sauna stove containing the bottom (1), the air valve (2) located at the bottom of the sauna stove under the combustion chamber (10), the ash drawer (6), the front wall (5), the door (7), the combustion chamber (10) and the rear wall (3) therein, the primary air openings (4) in the rear wall (3) of the combustion chamber (10) and the air duct (9) in the rear wall of the combustion chamber (10), the ceiling plate (8) in the upper part of the combustion chamber (10), the post-combustion chamber (11), the cleaning hatches (12), the flue (13), and the secondary air openings (15) characterized in that an angular ceiling is arranged in the upper part of the combustion chamber (10) formed by a stepped plate (14) containing the secondary air openings (15) and a ceiling plate (8) above it.

2. Sauna stove according to claim 1 , characterized in that the angular plate (14) is made of stainless steel.

3. Sauna stove according to the preceding claims characterized in that the angular plate (14) and the ceiling plate (8) are joined together by welding.

Images