Antenna system and communication apparatus

Abstract

Provided in the present application are an antenna system and a communication apparatus, which can reduce the energy of grating lobes in antenna arrays, and thus are suitable for more scenarios, and can be applied to communication scenarios. The antenna system comprises a plurality of antenna units, wherein each antenna unit comprises a first antenna and a second antenna, operating modes of the first antenna comprising a high-order mode in a first frequency band, operating modes of the second antenna comprising a fundamental mode in the first frequency band, and the first antenna and the second antenna being located in a same planar antenna array.

Description

Antenna system and communication device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office on February 1, 2024, with application number 202410146661.9 and application name “Antenna System and Communication Device,” the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna system and a communication device. Background Art

[0003] In communication scenarios, antenna systems can use antenna arrays to transmit and receive signals in different directions, improving communication efficiency. However, the range (scanning angle) of the antenna array's received or transmitted signals is related to the spacing between the antennas in the array. When the spacing between antennas in the array is fixed, the scanning angle of the antenna array is limited. This, in turn, limits the application scenarios of the antenna system.

[0004] Summary of the Invention

[0005] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna system and a communication device that can be applied to more scenarios.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] In a first aspect, an antenna system is provided. The antenna system includes multiple antenna units, wherein each antenna unit includes a first antenna and a second antenna. The operating mode of the first antenna includes a high-order mode in a first frequency band, and the operating mode of the second antenna includes a main mode in the first frequency band. The first antenna and the second antenna are located in the same planar antenna array.

[0008] Based on the antenna system provided in the first aspect, the antenna system includes antennas operating in a high-order mode and a main mode in the same frequency band, such as the first antenna and the second antenna mentioned above, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are located in the same planar antenna array. Since the antenna radiation surface in the planar antenna array is in the same direction as the antenna array surface, when the first antenna and the second antenna in each antenna unit of the multiple antenna units receive or transmit signals, the gain of the first antenna in the high-order mode of the first frequency band and the gain of the second antenna in the main mode of the first frequency band are synthesized. That is, the gain of the first antenna in the high-order mode of the first frequency band in the multiple antenna units and the signal sent in the main mode of the first frequency band in the second antenna in the multiple antenna units are superimposed on each other, or the received signals are superimposed on each other, thereby reducing the energy of the grating lobe generated by the second antenna when operating in the main mode of the first frequency band. When the antenna spacing is fixed, the scanning range of the antenna array in the antenna system can be increased. When the antenna spacing is fixed, it can be applicable to more scenarios.

[0009] It should be understood that, for the same planar antenna array, the radiating surfaces of the antennas in the antenna array are aligned with the array plane of the antenna array. Since the first antenna and the second antenna are located in the same planar antenna array, it can be seen that the radiating surface of the first antenna is aligned with the array plane of the planar antenna array, and the radiating surface of the second antenna is aligned with the array plane of the planar antenna array. The radiating surface of the antenna is aligned with the array plane of the antenna array, which can mean that the angle formed between the radiating surface of the antenna and the antenna array is less than or equal to a first angle threshold. The radiating surface of the first antenna is aligned with the array plane of the planar antenna array, and the radiating surface of the second antenna is aligned with the array plane of the planar antenna array, which can mean that the angle formed between the radiating surface of the first antenna and the array plane of the planar antenna is less than or equal to the first angle threshold, and the angle formed between the radiating surface of the second antenna and the array plane of the planar antenna is less than or equal to the first angle threshold. In other words, the normal direction of the element pattern of the first antenna is aligned with the normal direction of the element pattern of the second antenna. For example, the angle between the normal direction of the element pattern of the first antenna and the normal direction of the element pattern of the second antenna is within a second angle threshold, where the second angle threshold is determined based on the first angle threshold. For example, the second angle threshold can be equal to the first angle threshold, or the second angle threshold is less than 2 times the first angle threshold.

[0010] In one possible implementation, a first antenna is connected to a first RF multi-function device, which is connected to a first port of a power splitter. A second antenna is connected to a second RF multi-function device, which is connected to a second port of the power splitter. The third port of the power splitter is connected to a first amplifier, which is connected to an upconverter. In other words, both the first and second antennas are connected to the transmit channel, allowing signals to be transmitted via the first and second antennas.

[0011] In one possible implementation, a first antenna is connected to a first RF multi-function device, which is connected to a first port of a combiner; a second antenna is connected to a second RF multi-function device, which is connected to a second port of the combiner; a third port of the combiner is connected to a first amplifier, which is connected to a downconverter. In other words, both the first and second antennas are connected to a receiving channel, allowing signals to be received via the first and second antennas.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the operating mode of the first antenna also includes the main mode of the second frequency band. The frequency of the first frequency band is greater than the frequency of the second frequency band. In other words, the first antenna can operate in different modes in different frequency bands, and the first antenna can receive signals as well as transmit signals, that is, the antenna array in the antenna system is a transmit-receive co-aperture antenna array. In this way, it is possible to suppress the grating lobes on the antennas with higher operating frequencies in the transmit-receive co-aperture antenna array, thereby increasing the array gain of the first antenna and the second antenna when operating in the first frequency band, thereby reducing the power consumption and interference of the antenna system. In addition, one antenna can operate in different modes in two frequency bands, that is, the transmit and receive can share the first antenna, which can reduce the number of channels.

[0013] In one possible implementation, a first antenna is connected to the common port of a duplexer, the first port of the duplexer is connected to a first RF multi-function device, which is connected to the first port of a power splitter; a second antenna is connected to a second RF multi-function device, which is connected to the second port of the power splitter. The third port of the power splitter is connected to a first amplifier, which is connected to an upconverter. The second port of the duplexer is connected to a third RF multi-function device, which is connected to a second amplifier, which is connected to a downconverter. In this way, the first antenna can share a single channel when operating in the high-order mode of the first frequency band and the main mode of the second frequency band in the first frequency band, thereby reducing the number of channels.

[0014] In one possible implementation, a first antenna is connected to the common port of a duplexer, the first port of the duplexer is connected to a first RF multi-function device, which is connected to the first port of a combiner; a second antenna is connected to a second RF multi-function device, which is connected to the second port of the combiner. The third port of the combiner is connected to a first amplifier, which is connected to a downconverter. The second port of the duplexer is connected to a third RF multi-function device, which is connected to a second amplifier, which is connected to an upconverter. In this way, the first antenna can share a single channel when operating in the high-order mode of the first frequency band and the main mode of the second frequency band in the first frequency band, thereby reducing the number of channels.

[0015] In one possible implementation, in the operating mode of the first antenna, the high-order modes in the first frequency band are orthogonal to the main modes in the second frequency band. The high-order modes in the first frequency band in the operating mode of the first antenna are orthogonal to the main modes in the first frequency band in the operating mode of the second antenna. In other words, the modes in different frequency bands in the antenna system are orthogonal to each other, thereby reducing mutual interference between the transmitting and receiving antennas and improving isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas.

[0016] In one possible implementation, the second antenna is connected to the second RF multi-function device via a filter, or the second antenna is a filtering antenna. This can reduce mutual interference between the transmitting and receiving antennas and improve isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas.

[0017] In one possible implementation, the antenna unit also includes a third antenna. The operating mode of the third antenna includes a dominant mode in the second frequency band. The frequencies in the first frequency band are greater than those in the second frequency band. This allows the antenna system to include antennas with different operating frequencies, allowing both receiving and transmitting signals. This means that the antenna array in the antenna system is a co-aperture antenna array for both transmission and transmission. This allows for suppression of grating lobes on antennas in the antenna system that operate at higher frequencies.

[0018] In one possible implementation, a first antenna is connected to a first RF multi-function device, which is connected to the first port of a power splitter; a second antenna is connected to a second RF multi-function device, which is connected to the second port of the power splitter. The third port of the power splitter is connected to a first amplifier, which is connected to an upconverter. A third antenna is connected to a third RF multi-function device, which is connected to the second amplifier, which is connected to a downconverter. In this way, the first antenna can share a single channel when operating in the high-order mode of the first frequency band and the main mode of the second frequency band in the first frequency band, thereby reducing the number of channels.

[0019] In one possible implementation, a first antenna is connected to a first RF multi-function device, which is connected to the first port of a combiner; a second antenna is connected to a second RF multi-function device, which is connected to the second port of the combiner. The third port of the combiner is connected to a first amplifier, which is connected to a downconverter. A third antenna is connected to a third RF multi-function device, which is connected to the second amplifier, which is connected to an upconverter. In this way, the first antenna can share a single channel when operating in the high-order mode of the first frequency band and the main mode of the second frequency band in the first frequency band, thereby reducing the number of channels.

[0020] In one possible implementation, a first antenna is connected to a first RF multi-function device via a first filter, or the first antenna is a filter antenna. A second antenna is connected to a second RF multi-function device via a second filter, or the second antenna is a filter antenna. A third antenna is connected to a third RF multi-function device via a third filter, or the third antenna is a filter antenna. In this way, interference signals in the channel can be filtered out by the filter or filter antenna, reducing the use of duplexers and thus reducing the complexity of the antenna system.

[0021] In a possible implementation, the spacing between two adjacent antenna units among the multiple antenna units satisfies the following relationship: Wherein, λ is the wavelength of the first frequency, and θ0 is the pointing angle of the beam. In other words, antenna units with larger spacing can be arranged in the antenna system, thereby achieving the suppression of grating lobes in the antenna array with larger spacing.

[0022] The spacing between two adjacent antenna units may refer to the distance between the center points of the two antenna units.

[0023] In one possible implementation, the gain of the directional patterns of the plurality of antenna elements at the grating lobe position corresponding to the first antenna array is less than the gain of the grating lobe corresponding to the first antenna array. The first antenna array is composed of the second antenna in each of the plurality of antenna elements.

[0024] In one possible implementation, the excitation and amplitude of the first and second antennas in the multiple antenna elements are determined based on the second antenna array, the fourth antenna, and the fifth antenna. The second antenna array is composed of the first and second antennas in each antenna element of the multiple antenna elements. The fourth antenna is located in the main lobe position of the first antenna array, and the fifth antenna is located in the grating lobe position of the first antenna array.

[0025] In a second aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising the antenna system according to any one of the first aspects.

[0026] According to a third aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method is applied to a first device. The antenna system of the first device includes a plurality of antenna units, wherein each antenna unit includes a first antenna and a second antenna. The working mode of the first antenna includes a high-order mode of the first frequency band, and the working mode of the second antenna includes a main mode mode of the first frequency band. The communication method includes: the first device generates first information to be sent. The excitation amplitude and excitation phase of the first information at each antenna port in the plurality of antenna units are determined according to the main lobe position and grating lobe position corresponding to the first antenna array in the plurality of antenna units, and the gain of the grating lobe position corresponding to the first antenna array of the directional patterns of the plurality of antenna units is less than the gain of the grating lobe corresponding to the first antenna array. The first device sends the first information based on the high-order mode of the first antenna in the first frequency band and the main mode mode of the second antenna in the first frequency band.

[0027] Based on the communication method provided in the third aspect, the first device can generate first information and transmit the first information based on the high-order mode of the first antenna in the first frequency band and the main mode of the second antenna in the first frequency band. Since the antenna system includes antennas operating in the high-order mode and the main mode in the same frequency band, such as the first antenna and the second antenna described above, and since the normal directions of the main mode and the high-order mode are consistent, when the first antenna and the second antenna receive or transmit signals, the null position of the signal of the first antenna in the high-order mode of the first frequency band is consistent with the maximum gain position of the signal of the second antenna in the high-order mode of the second frequency band, thereby suppressing the grating lobes generated by the second antenna when operating in the high-order mode of the second frequency band.

[0028] In some possible implementation schemes, the method provided in the third aspect may further include: the first device receives the second information based on the main mode of the first antenna in the first frequency band in the antenna system.

[0029] Regarding the implementation of multiple antenna units in the third aspect, please refer to the relevant introduction of the first aspect and will not be repeated here.

[0030] In a fourth aspect, a communication method is provided. The communication method is applied to a first device, wherein the antenna system of the first device includes a plurality of antenna units, wherein each antenna unit includes a first antenna and a second antenna. The working mode of the first antenna includes a high-order mode of the first frequency band, and the working mode of the second antenna includes a main mode mode of the first frequency band. The communication method includes: the first device receives third information based on the high-order mode of the first antenna in the first frequency band and the main mode mode of the second antenna in the first frequency band. The excitation amplitude and excitation phase of the second information on the antenna port in the plurality of antenna units are determined according to the main lobe position and grating lobe position corresponding to the antenna whose working mode is the main mode mode of the first frequency band in the plurality of antenna units, and the gain of the directional pattern of the plurality of antenna units at the grating lobe position corresponding to the first antenna array is less than the gain of the grating lobe corresponding to the first antenna array.

[0031] Based on the communication method provided in the fourth aspect, the first device can receive the second information based on the antenna system. Since the antenna system includes antennas operating in a high-order mode and a main mode in the same frequency band, such as the first antenna and the second antenna described above, and since the normal directions of the main mode and the high-order mode are consistent, when the first antenna and the second antenna receive or transmit signals, the null position of the signal of the first antenna in the high-order mode of the first frequency band is consistent with the maximum gain position of the signal of the second antenna in the high-order mode of the second frequency band, thereby suppressing the grating lobes generated by the second antenna when operating in the high-order mode of the second frequency band.

[0032] In some possible implementations, the method provided in the fourth aspect may further include: the first apparatus transmitting fourth information based on the first antenna in a primary mode in the second frequency band. Regarding the implementation of the multiple antenna units in the fourth aspect, reference can be made to the relevant description of the first aspect and will not be repeated here.

[0033] In a fifth aspect, a communication device is provided, which is configured to execute the communication method described in any one of the implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0034] In the present application, the communication device described in the fifth aspect can be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal device or network device, or a device that includes the terminal device or network device.

[0035] It should be understood that the communication device described in the fifth aspect includes a module, unit, or means corresponding to the communication method described in any one of the first or second aspects above. The module, unit, or means can be implemented by hardware, software, or hardware executing the corresponding software implementation. The hardware or software includes one or more modules or units for performing the functions involved in the above-mentioned communication method.

[0036] In a sixth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor configured to execute the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0037] In one possible design solution, the communication device described in the sixth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in the sixth aspect to communicate with other communication devices.

[0038] In one possible design, the communication device described in the sixth aspect may further include a memory. The memory may be integrated with the processor or provided separately. The memory may be used to store computer programs and / or data involved in the communication method described in either the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0039] In the present application, the communication device described in the sixth aspect can be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal device or network device, or a device that includes the terminal device or network device.

[0040] In a seventh aspect, a communication device is provided. The communication device includes: a processor coupled to a memory, the processor being configured to execute a computer program stored in the memory, so that the communication device performs the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0041] In one possible design solution, the communication device described in the seventh aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in the seventh aspect to communicate with other communication devices.

[0042] In the present application, the communication device described in the seventh aspect can be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal device or network device, or a device that includes the terminal device or network device.

[0043] In an eighth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor and a memory; the memory is used to store a computer program, and when the processor executes the computer program, the communication device executes the communication method described in any one of the implementation methods in the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0044] In one possible design solution, the communication device described in the eighth aspect may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in the eighth aspect to communicate with other communication devices.

[0045] In the present application, the communication device described in the eighth aspect can be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal device or network device, or a device that includes the terminal device or network device.

[0046] In a ninth aspect, a communication device is provided, comprising: a processor; the processor is used to couple with a memory, and after reading a computer program in the memory, execute the communication method as described in any one of the implementation methods in the first aspect or the second aspect according to the computer program.

[0047] In one possible design solution, the communication device described in aspect 9 may further include a transceiver. The transceiver may be a transceiver circuit or an interface circuit. The transceiver may be used for the communication device described in aspect 9 to communicate with other communication devices.

[0048] In the present application, the communication device described in the ninth aspect can be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal device or network device, or a device that includes the terminal device or network device.

[0049] In a tenth aspect, a processor is provided, wherein the processor is configured to execute the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0050] In an eleventh aspect, a communication system is provided, which includes one or more terminal devices and one or more network devices.

[0051] In the twelfth aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, comprising: a computer program or instructions; when the computer program or instructions are run on a computer, the computer is caused to execute the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0052] In a thirteenth aspect, a computer program product is provided, comprising a computer program or instructions, which, when executed on a computer, enables the computer to execute the communication method described in any possible implementation of the first aspect or the second aspect.

[0053] In addition, the technical effects of the communication devices described in the fifth to thirteenth aspects above can refer to the technical effects of the communication methods described in the first or second aspects above, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0054] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a transmit-receive separation array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG2 is a first schematic diagram of a grid-arranged antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0056] FIG3 is a second schematic diagram of a grid-arranged antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0057] FIG4 is a third schematic diagram of a grid-arranged antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0058] FIG5 is a schematic diagram of an antenna array with sub-array arrangement provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0059] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of the connection structure of antennas in an antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0060] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0061] FIG8 is a first structural diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0062] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of the radiation direction of the high-order mode provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0063] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of the radiation direction of the main mode provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0064] FIG11 is a schematic diagram of the antenna position relationship according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0065] FIG12 is a radiation pattern corresponding to the main mode and the high-order mode provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0066] FIG13 is a second structural diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0067] FIG14 is a third structural diagram of the antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0068] FIG15 is a fourth structural diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0069] FIG16 is a fifth structural diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0070] FIG17 is a second schematic diagram of antenna position relationship according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0071] FIG18 is a sixth structural diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0072] FIG19 is a seventh structural diagram of an antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0073] FIG20 is a schematic diagram of a single-mode antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0074] FIG21 is a directional diagram of a single-mode antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0075] FIG22 is a schematic diagram of a hybrid mode antenna array provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0076] FIG23 is a directional diagram of a hybrid mode antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0077] FIG24 is a schematic diagram showing the positions of the fourth antenna and the fifth antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0078] FIG25 is a directional diagram of an array in an antenna system provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0079] FIG26 is a flow chart of a communication method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0080] FIG27 is a second flow chart of the communication method provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0081] FIG28 is a first structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0082] Figure 29 is a second structural diagram of the communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0083] For ease of understanding, the following first introduces the technologies related to this application.

[0084] In communication scenarios, antenna arrays can be used to improve communication efficiency. When the spacing between antennas in an antenna array (i.e., the spacing between antennas), the wavelength corresponding to the antenna's operating frequency band, and the beam's pointing angle satisfy the relationship shown in formula (1), the antenna array has a main lobe and no grating lobes within the pointing angle range of less than or equal to θ0. However, when the pointing angle of the antenna array is greater than θ0, grating lobes appear.

[0085] Where d is the spacing between antennas in the antenna array, λ is the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency band of the antennas in the antenna array, and θ0 is the pointing angle of the antenna array beam. When the antenna spacing is fixed, θ0 is the scanning angle of the antenna array beam.

[0086] For example, in a communication scenario, the antenna system of a communication device (such as a terminal device or network device) can be used for both signal reception and signal transmission. In other words, in scenarios where the antenna system of the communication device includes a receiving antenna and a transmitting antenna, the antenna array in the antenna system can be implemented as a separate transmit / receive array. As shown in Figure 1, in a separate transmit / receive array, the receive antennas are located in one array, the receive antenna array, and the transmit antennas are located in another array, the transmit antenna array. In other words, the receive antenna array and the transmit antenna array are designed independently.

[0087] In a separate transmit / receive array, for either a receiving antenna array or a transmitting antenna array, the antenna spacing still needs to satisfy the relationship shown in the above formula (1). That is, when the antenna spacing in the antenna array is determined, the scanning angle of the antenna array beam is limited. When the pointing angle of the antenna array is determined, the antenna spacing in the antenna array is limited. It can be seen that the above solution will lead to limited application scenarios of the antenna system. In some communication scenarios, such as non-terrestrial networks (NTN) communication scenarios, with the popularization of low earth orbit (LEO) satellite communications, large-scale terminal phased arrays used on the ground are developing rapidly, and low-cost, low-power, and small-sized ground phased array terminals have become an urgent need. Based on this, the antenna array in the antenna system can be implemented in the form of a transmit / receive co-aperture antenna array. In a transmit / receive co-aperture antenna array, the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna are designed in the same antenna array. Therefore, compared with an antenna system using a separate transmit / receive array, an antenna system using a transmit / receive co-aperture antenna has a smaller antenna array size when the number of receiving antennas and the number of transmitting antennas are the same. Since the pointing angle of the antenna system is related to the antenna spacing, the spacing between antennas within the scanning range of the antenna array must still satisfy the relationship shown in the above formula (1). However, for the antenna system of the same communication device, the operating frequency band of the receiving antenna and the operating frequency band of the transmitting antenna may not be consistent. In this case, if a co-aperture antenna array is used, then if the scanning angles of the antenna array composed of the receiving antenna and the antenna array composed of the transmitting antenna are the same, the receiving antenna and the transmitting antenna cannot simultaneously satisfy the relationship shown in the above formula (1).

[0088] For example, when the antenna array scan angle is 60°, there will be no grating lobes when the antenna spacing satisfies the above formula (1). However, when antennas with different operating frequency bands are distributed in the same aperture, when the arrangement spacing of the low-frequency antennas satisfies the conditions shown in formula (1), placing high-frequency antennas in the same position will result in the spacing of the high-frequency antennas not meeting the conditions shown in formula (1). Among them, high-frequency antennas and low-frequency antennas are relative concepts, and the operating frequency of high-frequency antennas is higher than that of low-frequency antennas. For example, the operating frequency of the receiving antenna unit (low-frequency antenna) is 20 gigahertz (GHz), the spacing between the receiving antennas is 7.5 millimeters (mm), and the operating frequency of the transmitting antenna (high-frequency antenna) is 30GHz, with a half-wavelength of 5mm. When the receiving antenna (low-frequency antenna) scans to 60°, the transmitting antenna (high-frequency antenna) will also scan to 60° and generate grating lobes. The energy of the grating lobes is the same as that of the main lobe, so the performance of the transmitting antenna will be reduced by 3 decibels (dB).

[0089] In addition, in a co-aperture antenna for transmission and reception, the spacing between antenna units is limited, and the coupling between the transmitting and receiving antennas is large, which will cause greater interference between the transmitting and receiving antennas.

[0090] In order to improve the grating lobe problem that occurs when the transmitting and receiving co-aperture phased array is scanned, different spacings can be used for antennas in different frequency bands in some communication scenarios. In this case, in the antenna array, the number of antennas with different working frequency bands is different, and all antennas are arranged according to different grids. Antennas in different working frequency bands are still arranged according to the half-wavelength requirement, so that antennas in different working frequency bands can meet the same angle scanning range. For ease of understanding, the following examples are given with reference to the specific antenna array in the figure, the antenna array scanning angle is 60°, and high-frequency antennas and low-frequency antennas. A high-frequency antenna refers to an antenna whose working frequency band is a high-frequency band, and a low-frequency antenna refers to an antenna whose working frequency band is a low-frequency band. It should be understood that the high-frequency band and the low-frequency band here are relative, wherein the frequency of the high-frequency band is higher than that of the low-frequency band.

[0091] Assume that the operating frequency of antenna 1 is 21.2 gigahertz (GHz), the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of antenna 1 is λ1, the operating frequency of antenna 2 is 31 GHz, the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of antenna 2 is λ2, the spacing between two adjacent antennas 2 is d2 = 0.42λ2, and the spacing between two adjacent antennas 1 is d1 = 0.5λ1, where, If the side length of the antenna array is Nλ2, then the number of antennas 2 in an antenna array is 4.86N 2 , the number of antenna 1 is 1.62N 2 Then, the antenna arrangement in the antenna array is shown in Figure 2.

[0092] As shown in Figure 3, assuming that the operating frequency of antenna 1 is 31 GHz, the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of antenna 1 is λ1, the operating frequency of antenna 2 is 21.2 GHz, the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of antenna 2 is λ2, the spacing between two adjacent antennas 2 is d2 = 0.485λ2, and the spacing between two adjacent antennas 1 is d1 = 0.5λ1, where If the side length of the antenna array is Nλ2, then the number of antennas 2 in an antenna array is 4N 2 , the number of antennas 1 is 2N 2 Then, the antenna arrangement in the antenna array is shown in Figure 3.

[0093] As shown in Figure 4, assuming that the operating frequency of antenna 1 is 31 GHz, the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of antenna 1 is λ1, and the operating frequency of antenna 2 is 21.2 GHz, the wavelength corresponding to the operating frequency of antenna 2 is λ2. Then, the spacing between two adjacent antennas 2 is d2 = 0.485λ2, and the spacing between two adjacent antennas 1 is d1 = 0.5λ1, where If the side length of the antenna array is Nλ2, then the number of antennas 2 in an antenna array is 4N 2 , the number of antennas 1 is 2N 2 Then, the antenna arrangement in the antenna array is shown in Figure 4.

[0094] In other scenarios, antennas can be arranged in the form of subarrays in an antenna array. The antennas within a subarray are arranged in a binary combination with a null pattern. As shown in (a) of Figure 5 , the antennas in an antenna array can be arranged in the same direction, wherein multiple consecutive antennas are arranged together as a subarray, and the antenna array includes multiple subarrays. As shown in (b) of Figure 5 , it is assumed that the antenna array includes subarrays 1 to 8, wherein all array elements in subarrays 1 to 8 are arranged in the same direction, such as the horizontal direction, and each subarray includes at least two array elements. The wavelength corresponding to the antenna operating frequency in the antenna array is λ, then, for the same subarray, the spacing between antennas in the subarray is d'=0.45λ. For the subarrays of the antenna array, the spacing between two adjacent subarrays is d=0.6λ. It should be understood that the spacing between two adjacent subarrays refers to the distance between the i-th antenna of the first subarray and the i-th antenna of the second subarray in the two adjacent subarrays.

[0095] This solution can suppress grating lobes in the direction of antenna element arrangement. For example, the antenna shown in Figure 5(b) can suppress grating lobes in the horizontal direction. If suppression of scanning grating lobes in other directions, such as the vertical direction, is required, the number of antenna elements in the subarray must be increased accordingly.

[0096] As can be seen from the above scheme, the range (scanning angle) of the antenna array's received or transmitted signals is related to the spacing between the antennas in the antenna array. When the spacing between the antennas in the antenna array is fixed, the scanning angle of the antenna array is limited, which will lead to limited application scenarios of the antenna system.

[0097] In some scenarios, the antennas in a co-aperture antenna array for both transmission and reception are designed as wide-band antennas, covering both the transmission and reception frequency bands. The antenna feed point is shared by both transmission and reception, i.e., a single feed excitation port. Figure 6 shows an antenna system corresponding to a co-aperture antenna array for transmission and reception. The baseband is connected to the transceiver (including the upconverter and downconverter), the first port of the transceiver is connected to filter 1, filter 1 is connected to amplifier 1, amplifier 1 is connected to the first port of the duplexer, the second port of the transceiver is connected to filter 2, filter 2 is connected to amplifier 2 (such as a low-noise amplifier), amplifier 2 is connected to the second port of the duplexer, and the third port of the duplexer is connected to the antenna. In the receiving band, a high-suppression duplexer is used to suppress the transmit channel noise floor to below the receive sensitivity. However, the higher the suppression, the larger the duplexer size. For antenna systems with co-aperture antenna arrays for transmission and reception, the layout is insufficient to accommodate high-suppression duplexers. Furthermore, for large-scale antenna arrays, a large number of duplexers will be present, resulting in high system costs.

[0098] It should be understood that the baseband in the embodiment of the present application refers to a baseband module, or a baseband processing module, which will not be described in detail later.

[0099] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0100] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application can be applied to various communication systems, such as wireless fidelity (WiFi) systems, vehicle to everything (V2X) communication systems, device-to-device (D2D) communication systems, Internet of Vehicles communication systems, 4th generation (4G) mobile communication systems, such as long term evolution (LTE) systems, world-wide interoperability for microwave access (WiMAX) communication systems, 5th generation (5G) mobile communication systems, such as new radio (NR) systems, and future communication systems, such as 6th generation (6G) mobile communication systems.

[0101] This application will present various aspects, embodiments, or features in the context of systems that may include multiple devices, components, modules, etc. It should be understood and appreciated that each system may include additional devices, components, modules, etc., and / or may not include all of the devices, components, modules, etc. discussed in conjunction with the figures. Furthermore, combinations of these aspects may also be used.

[0102] Additionally, in the embodiments of this application, words such as "exemplarily" and "for example" are used to indicate examples, illustrations, or descriptions. Any embodiment or design described in this application as an "exemplary" should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other embodiments or designs. Rather, the use of the word "exemplary" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner.

[0103] First, in this application, "used to indicate" can include being used for direct indication and being used for indirect indication. When describing a certain "information" as being used to indicate A, it can include whether the information directly indicates A or indirectly indicates A, but it does not necessarily mean that the information contains A.

[0104] Second, in the embodiments shown below, the first, second, and various numerical numbers are only used for the convenience of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of the present application.

[0105] Third, “pre-set”, or “pre-defined”, or “pre-configured” can be implemented by pre-saving corresponding codes, tables or other methods that can be used to indicate relevant information in a device (for example, including a terminal and a network device), or can be pre-specified in a protocol, and this application does not limit its specific implementation method. Among them, “saving” can mean saving in one or more memories. The one or more memories can be set separately, or integrated in an encoder or decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The one or more memories can also be partially set separately, and partially integrated in a decoder, a processor, or a communication device. The type of memory can be any form of storage medium, and this application does not limit it.

[0106] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field will know that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0107] The network architecture and business scenarios described in the embodiments of the present application are intended to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, and do not constitute a limitation on the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field will know that with the evolution of network architecture and the emergence of new business scenarios, the technical solutions provided in the embodiments of the present application are also applicable to similar technical problems.

[0108] To facilitate understanding of the embodiments of the present application, a communication system applicable to the embodiments of the present application is first described in detail using the communication system shown in Figure 7 as an example. For example, Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the architecture of a communication system applicable to the communication method provided in the embodiments of the present application.

[0109] As shown in FIG7 , the communication system includes network devices ( 701 a to 701 c ) and terminal devices ( 702 a to 702 f ).

[0110] The terminal device can be connected to the network device in a wireless manner, and the network device can be connected to the core network (not shown in Figure 7) in a wired or wireless manner.

[0111] Optionally, information exchange can be performed between any two network devices, and information exchange can be performed between any two terminal devices.

[0112] Among them, network devices and terminal devices can interact with each other.

[0113] A terminal device may be a terminal with transceiver functions, or may be a chip or chip system provided in the terminal. The terminal may also be referred to as user equipment (UE), access terminal, subscriber unit, user station, mobile station (MS), mobile station, remote station, remote terminal, mobile device, user terminal, terminal, wireless communication device, user agent, or user device. The terminal device in the embodiments of the present application can be a mobile phone, a cellular phone, a smart phone, a tablet computer, a wireless data card, a personal digital assistant (PDA), a wireless modem, a handset, a laptop computer, a machine type communication (MTC) terminal, a computer with wireless transceiver function, a virtual reality (VR) terminal, an augmented reality (AR) terminal, a smart home device (for example, a refrigerator, a television, an air conditioner, an electric meter, etc.), an intelligent robot, a robotic arm, a workshop device, a wireless terminal in unmanned driving, a wireless terminal in industrial control, a wireless terminal in self-driving, a wireless terminal in telemedicine, a wireless terminal in a smart grid, a wireless terminal in transportation safety, a wireless terminal in a smart city, a wireless terminal in a smart home, a vehicle-mounted terminal, a roadside unit with terminal function, or a wireless terminal in a vehicle-mounted terminal. unit, RSU), etc., flying equipment (for example, intelligent robots, hot air balloons, drones, airplanes), etc. The terminal of the present application may also be an on-board module, on-board module, on-board component, on-board chip or on-board unit that is built into the vehicle as one or more components or units. The terminal device may also be other devices with terminal functions. For example, the terminal device may also be a device that serves as a terminal function in D2D communication. The embodiments of the present application do not limit the device form of the terminal device. It may be a device for realizing the function of the terminal; it may also be a device that can support the terminal to realize the function, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the terminal or used in combination with the terminal. In the embodiments of the present application, the chip system may be composed of chips, or may include chips and other discrete devices.

[0114] The network device may be a device with wireless transceiver functions, or may be a chip or chip system provided in the device, located in the access network (AN) of the communication system, and used to provide access services to the terminal device. For example, the network device may be referred to as a radio access network (RAN) device, and may specifically be an access network device of the next generation mobile communication system, such as 6G, such as a 6G base station. In the next generation mobile communication system, the network device may also have other naming methods, all of which are included in the scope of protection of the embodiments of this application, and this application does not impose any limitation on this. Alternatively, the network device may include 5G, such as a gNB in ​​a new radio (NR) system, or one or a group of antenna panels (including multiple antenna panels) of a base station in 5G, or a network node constituting a gNB, a transmission and reception point (TRP or TP), or a transmission measurement function (TMF), such as a central unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), a radio unit (RU), an RSU with base station functions, a wired access gateway, or a 5G core network element. Alternatively, the network device may include an access point (AP) in a wireless fidelity (WiFi) system, a wireless relay node, a wireless backhaul node, various types of macro base stations, micro base stations (also known as small cells), relay stations, access points, wearable devices, vehicle-mounted devices, and the like.

[0115] Among them, the CU and DU can be set separately, or can also be included in the same network element, such as a baseband unit (BBU). The RU can be included in a radio frequency device or a radio frequency unit, such as a remote radio unit (RRU), an active antenna unit (AAU) or a remote radio head (RRH). It can be understood that the network device can be a CU node, a DU node, or a device including a CU node and a DU node. In addition, the CU can be divided into a network device in the access network RAN, or the CU can be divided into a network device in the core network CN, which is not limited here. In different systems, CU (or CU-CP and CU-UP), DU or RU can also have different names, but those skilled in the art can understand their meanings. For example, in the ORAN system, the CU can also be called O-CU (Open CU), the DU can also be called O-DU, the CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, the CU-UP can also be called O-CU-UP, and the RU can also be called O-RU. For the convenience of description, this application uses CU, CU-CP, CU-UP, DU and RU as examples for description. Any of the CU (or CU-CP, CU-UP), DU and RU in this application can be implemented by a software module, a hardware module, or a combination of a software module and a hardware module. In the embodiment of the present application, the form of the network device is not limited. The device for implementing the function of the network device can be a network device; it can also be a device that can support the network device to implement the function, such as a chip system. The device can be installed in the network device or used in combination with the network device.

[0116] It should be noted that the communication method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied between any two nodes shown in Figure 7, such as between terminal devices, between network devices, and between terminal devices and network devices. The specific implementation can refer to the following method embodiment, which will not be repeated here.

[0117] It should be noted that the solutions in the embodiments of the present application can also be applied to other communication systems, and the corresponding names can also be replaced by the names of corresponding functions in other communication systems.

[0118] It should be understood that FIG7 is only a simplified schematic diagram for ease of understanding, and the communication system may also include other network devices and / or other terminal devices, which are not shown in FIG7 .

[0119] To improve the problem of limited application scenarios of antenna systems, an embodiment of the present application provides an antenna system, which may include multiple antenna units, each of which includes a first antenna and a second antenna, wherein the operating mode of the first antenna includes a high-order mode of the first frequency band, and the operating mode of the second antenna includes a main mode mode of the first frequency band. In this way, the antenna system can receive or transmit signals based on the first antenna and the second antenna. Since the gains generated by the main mode mode of the first frequency band and the high-order mode of the first frequency band are synthesized, when the first antenna operates in the high-order mode of the first frequency band, the grating lobes generated by the second antenna when operating in the main mode mode can be suppressed, thereby being applicable to more scenarios.

[0120] The antenna system provided in the embodiment of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to Figures 8 to 25. The antenna system can be applied to any device shown in Figure 7, such as a terminal device or a network device.

[0121] As shown in Figure 8, the antenna system includes multiple antenna units. Each antenna unit includes a first antenna and a second antenna. The first antenna operates in a high-order mode of a first frequency band, and the second antenna operates in a main mode of the first frequency band. The first and second antennas are located in the same planar antenna array.

[0122] The operating mode of the first antenna includes a high-order mode in the first frequency band, which means that the first antenna operates in the high-order mode when operating in the first frequency band, or in other words, the first antenna operates in the high-order mode in the first frequency band, or in other words, the operating frequency band when the first antenna operates in the high-order mode is the first frequency band. In this case, the first antenna includes a radiating structure (hereinafter referred to as a radiator) operating in the high-order mode in the first frequency band. The radiation pattern corresponding to the high-order mode at an azimuth angle of 0° or 90° is shown in Figure 9.

[0123] It should be understood that the main mode may include modes such as TM10 or TM01. The main mode described here is for example only. In actual implementation, the main mode may also be other possible modes. Higher-order modes may include the TMn1 mode, where n is an integer greater than or equal to 2, or the TM2m mode, where m is an integer greater than or equal to 1. The high-order modes described here are for example only. In actual implementation, the high-order modes may also be other possible modes, which will not be detailed here.

[0124] The operating mode of the second antenna includes the main mode of the first frequency band, which means that the second antenna operates in the main mode when operating in the second frequency band, or in other words, the second antenna operates in the main mode in the second frequency band, or in other words, the operating frequency band when the second antenna operates in the main mode is the first frequency band. In this case, the second antenna includes a radiator operating in the main mode of the first frequency band, and the radiation patterns corresponding to the main mode at azimuth angles of 0° or 90° are shown in Figure 10.

[0125] It should be understood that, for the same planar antenna array, the radiating surfaces of the antennas in the antenna array are aligned with the array plane of the antenna array. Since the first antenna and the second antenna are located in the same planar antenna array, it can be seen that the radiating surface of the first antenna is aligned with the array plane of the planar antenna array, and the radiating surface of the second antenna is aligned with the array plane of the planar antenna array. The radiating surface of the antenna is aligned with the array plane of the antenna array, which can mean that the angle formed between the radiating surface of the antenna and the antenna array is less than or equal to a first angle threshold. The radiating surface of the first antenna is aligned with the array plane of the planar antenna array, and the radiating surface of the second antenna is aligned with the array plane of the planar antenna array, which can mean that the angle formed between the radiating surface of the first antenna and the array plane of the planar antenna is less than or equal to the first angle threshold, and the angle formed between the radiating surface of the second antenna and the array plane of the planar antenna is less than or equal to the first angle threshold. In other words, the normal direction of the element pattern of the first antenna is aligned with the normal direction of the element pattern of the second antenna. For example, the angle between the normal direction of the element pattern of the first antenna and the normal direction of the element pattern of the second antenna is within a second angle threshold, where the second angle threshold is determined based on the first angle threshold. For example, the second angle threshold can be equal to the first angle threshold, or the second angle threshold is less than 2 times the first angle threshold.

[0126] Furthermore, the first antenna's transceiver status in the first frequency band's high-order mode is consistent with the second antenna's transceiver status in the first frequency band's main mode. That is, if the first antenna receives signals in the first frequency band's high-order mode, the second antenna also receives signals in the first frequency band's main mode. Similarly, if the first antenna transmits signals in the first frequency band's high-order mode, the second antenna also transmits signals in the first frequency band's main mode.

[0127] In the embodiment of the present application, the main mode may also be referred to as the main mode or main mode, and the high-order mode may also be referred to as the high-order mode.

[0128] In one possible implementation, the gain of the directional patterns of the plurality of antenna elements at the grating lobe position corresponding to the first antenna array is less than the gain of the grating lobe corresponding to the first antenna array. The first antenna array is composed of the second antenna in each of the plurality of antenna elements.

[0129] In one possible implementation, the center position of the first antenna is the same as the center position of the second antenna. For example, FIG11 is a side view (in a direction parallel to the antenna array plane) of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0130] For each antenna unit among the multiple antenna units, the position of the minimum amplitude of the directional pattern of the high-order mode of the first antenna in the antenna unit in the first frequency band is consistent with the position of the maximum amplitude of the directional pattern of the main mode mode of the second antenna in the antenna unit in the first frequency band, that is, the normal direction amplitude of the directional pattern of the high-order mode of the first antenna in the antenna unit operating in the first frequency band is the smallest, and the normal direction amplitude of the directional pattern of the main mode mode of the second antenna in the antenna unit operating in the first frequency band is the largest.

[0131] In one possible implementation, the excitation and amplitude of the high-order mode of the first antenna in the first frequency band, and the excitation and amplitude of the main mode of the second antenna in the first frequency band, are determined based on the second antenna array, the fourth antenna, and the fifth antenna. The second antenna array is composed of the first and second antennas in each of the plurality of antenna elements. The fourth antenna is located in the main lobe position of the first antenna array, and the fifth antenna is located in the grating lobe position of the first antenna array.

[0132] Regarding the principles for determining the excitation and amplitude of the high-order mode of the first antenna in the first frequency band among the multiple antenna units, as well as the excitation and amplitude of the main mode of the second antenna in the first frequency band, please refer to the relevant introduction in the scheme provided in the following Design 1, which will not be repeated here.

[0133] Based on the antenna unit provided in FIG8 , the radiation pattern of one antenna unit is shown in FIG12 .

[0134] Based on the antenna system provided in FIG8 , the antenna system includes antennas operating in a high-order mode and a main mode in the same frequency band, such as the first antenna and the second antenna described above, wherein the first antenna and the second antenna are located in the same planar antenna array. Since the antenna radiation surface in the planar antenna array is in the same direction as the antenna array surface, when the first antenna and the second antenna in each antenna unit of the multiple antenna units receive or transmit signals, the gain of the first antenna in the high-order mode in the first frequency band and the gain of the second antenna in the main mode in the first frequency band are synthesized. That is, the gain of the first antenna in the high-order mode in the first frequency band in the multiple antenna units and the signal transmitted or received by the second antenna in the main mode in the first frequency band in the multiple antenna units are superimposed on each other, thereby reducing the energy of the grating lobes generated by the second antenna when operating in the main mode in the first frequency band. When the antenna spacing is fixed, the scanning range of the antenna array in the antenna system can be increased. When the antenna spacing is fixed, the antenna system can be applied to more scenarios.

[0135] For ease of understanding, the structure of each antenna unit in the multiple antenna units is described below in different scenarios.

[0136] Scenario 1: The first antenna transmits signals in a high-order mode in the first frequency band, and the second antenna transmits signals in a main mode in the first frequency band. In this scenario, as shown in Figure 13, in each of the multiple antenna units: the first antenna is connected to the first RF multi-function device, which is connected to the first port of the power divider. That is, the first antenna is connected to the first port of the power divider through the first RF multi-function device. The second antenna is connected to the second RF multi-function device, which is connected to the second port of the power divider. The third port of the power divider is connected to the first amplifier, and the first amplifier is connected to the upconverter.

[0137] Optionally, the first antenna is connected to the first filter, which is connected to the first RF multi-function device. In other words, the first antenna is connected to the first RF multi-function device via the first filter. Alternatively, the first antenna is a filter antenna. This can reduce mutual interference between the transmitting and receiving antennas and improve isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas.

[0138] Optionally, the second antenna is connected to a second filter, which is connected to a second RF multi-function device. Specifically, the second antenna is connected to the second RF multi-function device via the second filter. Alternatively, the second antenna is a filter antenna. This can reduce mutual interference between the transmitting and receiving antennas and improve isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas.

[0139] In addition, the up-converter may be connected to the baseband, wherein the baseband may be used to perform processing such as encoding on the signal to be transmitted, and send the encoded signal to the up-converter.

[0140] In scenario 2, the first antenna receives signals in the high-order mode of the first frequency band, and the second antenna receives signals in the main mode of the first frequency band. In this case, as shown in Figure 14, in each of the multiple antenna units: the first antenna is connected to the first RF multi-function device, which is connected to the first port of the combiner. That is, the first antenna is connected to the first port of the combiner through the first RF multi-function device. The second antenna is connected to the second RF multi-function device, which is connected to the second port of the combiner. The third port of the combiner is connected to the first amplifier, and the first amplifier is connected to the downconverter.

[0141] Optionally, the first antenna is connected to the first filter, and the first filter is connected to the first radio frequency multi-function device, that is, the first antenna is connected to the first radio frequency multi-function device through the first filter. Alternatively, the first antenna is a filtering antenna.

[0142] Optionally, the second antenna is connected to the second filter, and the second filter is connected to the second radio frequency multi-function device, that is, the second antenna is connected to the second radio frequency multi-function device through the second filter. Alternatively, the second antenna is a filter antenna.

[0143] Furthermore, the downconverter may be connected to a baseband, wherein the baseband may be used to demodulate and decode the signal from the downconverter.

[0144] For the implementation principle of the filtering antenna, please refer to the relevant introduction of the existing filtering antenna, which will not be repeated here.

[0145] In one possible implementation, the operating mode of the first antenna also includes the main mode mode of the second frequency band, that is, the operating mode of the first antenna includes the high-order mode of the first frequency band and the main mode mode of the second frequency band, or in other words, the first antenna operates in a hybrid mode.

[0146] The operating mode of the first antenna includes the dominant mode of the second frequency band, which means that the operating mode of the first antenna in the second frequency band is the dominant mode, or in other words, the first antenna operates in the dominant mode in the second frequency band, or in other words, the operating frequency band of the first antenna when operating in the dominant mode is the second frequency band. In this case, the first antenna includes a radiator operating in the dominant mode of the second frequency band.

[0147] In a possible implementation, the frequency of the first frequency band is greater than the frequency of the second frequency band.

[0148] The frequency of the first frequency band is greater than the frequency of the second frequency band. This may be that the center frequency of the first frequency band is greater than the center frequency of the second frequency band, or that the minimum frequency of the first frequency band is greater than the maximum frequency of the second frequency band.

[0149] In this way, the first antenna can operate in different modes across different frequency bands, and can both receive and transmit signals. This means that the antenna array in the antenna system is a co-aperture antenna array for both transmission and reception. This suppresses the grating lobes on antennas operating at higher frequencies within the co-aperture antenna array, increasing the array gain of the first and second antennas operating in the first frequency band, thereby reducing power consumption and interference in the antenna system. Furthermore, a single antenna can operate in different modes across two frequency bands, meaning both transmission and reception can share the same first antenna. This reduces the number of channels and reduces costs.

[0150] The first antenna's transceiver status in high-order mode of the first frequency band is consistent with the second antenna's transceiver status in main mode of the first frequency band. That is, if the first antenna receives signals in high-order mode of the first frequency band, the second antenna also receives signals in main mode of the first frequency band. Similarly, if the first antenna transmits signals in high-order mode of the first frequency band, the second antenna also transmits signals in main mode of the first frequency band.

[0151] In one possible implementation, when the operating mode of the first antenna includes a high-order mode of the first frequency band and a main mode of the second frequency band, as shown in Figures 15 and 16, the first antenna is connected to the first RF multi-function device, and the first antenna can be connected to the common port of the duplexer, and the first port of the duplexer is connected to the first RF multi-function device, that is, the first antenna is connected to the first RF multi-function device through the multi-function device.

[0152] As shown in Figure 15, in scenario 1, the second port of the duplexer can be connected to the third RF multi-function device, which is connected to the second amplifier, which is connected to the downconverter. In other words, the second port of the duplexer is connected to the downconverter via the third RF multi-function device and the second amplifier, in sequence.

[0153] In this way, the first antenna can share one channel when operating in the high-order mode of the first frequency band and the second antenna can operate in the main mode of the first frequency band, thereby reducing the number of channels and reducing costs.

[0154] It should be understood that in the case shown in FIG. 15 , the downconverter may be connected to the baseband.

[0155] As shown in Figure 16, in scenario 2, the second port of the duplexer can be connected to the third RF multi-function device, which is connected to the second amplifier, which is connected to the upconverter. In other words, the second port of the duplexer is connected to the upconverter via the third RF multi-function device and the second amplifier, in sequence.

[0156] In this way, when the first antenna operates in a high-order mode of the first frequency band and the second antenna operates in a main mode of the first frequency band, they can share one channel, thereby reducing the number of channels.

[0157] It should be understood that in the case shown in FIG. 15 , the upconverter may be connected to the baseband.

[0158] In one possible implementation, in the operating mode of the first antenna, the high-order modes in the first frequency band are orthogonal to the main modes in the second frequency band. The high-order modes in the first frequency band in the operating mode of the first antenna are orthogonal to the main modes in the first frequency band in the operating mode of the second antenna. In other words, the modes in different frequency bands on the same antenna are orthogonal to each other, thereby reducing mutual interference between the transmitting and receiving antennas and improving isolation between the transmitting and receiving antennas.

[0159] In one possible implementation, the antenna unit further includes a third antenna, wherein an operating mode of the third antenna includes a main mode of the second frequency band, and a frequency of the first frequency band is greater than a frequency of the second frequency band.

[0160] The operating mode of the third antenna includes the dominant mode of the second frequency band, which means that the operating mode of the third antenna in the second frequency band is the dominant mode, or in other words, the third antenna operates in the dominant mode in the second frequency band, or in other words, the operating frequency band of the third antenna when operating in the dominant mode is the second frequency band. In this case, the third antenna includes a radiator operating in the dominant mode of the second frequency band.

[0161] In this way, the antenna system may include antennas with different operating frequencies, which can be used to receive signals as well as to send signals, that is, the antenna array in the antenna system is a co-aperture antenna array for transmitting and receiving.

[0162] As shown in FIG. 17 , in one possible design, the center position of the third antenna is consistent with the center positions of the first antenna and the second antenna.

[0163] If the antenna system also includes a third antenna, and the operating mode of the third antenna includes the main mode of the second frequency band, in one possible implementation, in scenario 1, as shown in Figure 18, the third antenna is connected to the third RF multi-function device, the third RF multi-function device is connected to the second amplifier, and the second amplifier is connected to the downconverter. In other words, the third antenna is connected to the downconverter via the third RF multi-function device and the second amplifier in sequence.

[0164] In this way, when the first antenna operates in a high-order mode of the first frequency band and the second antenna operates in a main mode of the first frequency band, they can share one channel, thereby reducing the number of channels.

[0165] It will be appreciated that in the case shown in FIG. 18 , the downconverter may be connected to the baseband.

[0166] In addition, optionally, the third frequency converter can be connected to the third filter, and the third filter can be connected to the third radio frequency multi-function device, that is, the third frequency converter can be connected to the third radio frequency multi-function device through the third filter. Alternatively, the third antenna can be a filtering antenna.

[0167] As shown in Figure 19, the third antenna is connected to the third RF multi-function device, which is connected to the second amplifier, which is connected to the up-converter. In other words, the third antenna is connected to the up-converter via the third RF multi-function device and the second amplifier in sequence.

[0168] In this way, when the first antenna operates in a high-order mode of the first frequency band and the second antenna operates in a main mode of the first frequency band, they can share one channel, thereby reducing the number of channels.

[0169] It should be understood that in the case shown in FIG. 19 , the upconverter may be connected to the baseband.

[0170] Similar to FIG18 , the third frequency converter can be connected to the third filter, which in turn is connected to the third RF multi-function device. That is, the third antenna is connected to the third RF multi-function device via the third filter. Alternatively, the third antenna is a filter antenna.

[0171] In this way, interference signals in the channel can be filtered out by a filter or a filtering antenna, reducing the use of duplexers and thus reducing the complexity of the antenna system.

[0172] In a possible implementation, the spacing between two adjacent antenna units in the plurality of antenna units satisfies the relationship shown in the following formula (2):

[0173] Where λ is the wavelength of the first frequency, and θ0 is the beam pointing angle. This means that antenna elements can be arranged with greater spacing in the antenna system, thereby suppressing grating lobes in antenna arrays with greater spacing. The first frequency is a frequency within a first frequency band, for example, the first frequency can be the center frequency of the first frequency band.

[0174] The distance between two adjacent antenna units may refer to the center points of the two antenna units, such as the distance between the geometric center points.

[0175] In some embodiments, a communication device is further provided, which may include an antenna system as provided in Figure 7. The implementation principle of the antenna system will not be further described herein.

[0176] Design 1

[0177] In the antenna unit, the high-order mode of the first antenna in the first frequency band corresponds to an antenna port, such as antenna port 1, and the main mode mode of the second antenna in the second frequency band corresponds to antenna port 2. The array formed by the second antenna is the first antenna array, and the first antenna array is shown in FIG20. The array pattern of the first antenna array is shown in FIG21. The second antenna array formed by the first antenna and the second antenna is shown in FIG22. In the second antenna array, the unit pattern corresponding to an antenna unit (the working mode includes the high-order mode of the first antenna in the first frequency band and the main mode mode of the second antenna in the second frequency band) is shown in FIG23. According to the array pointing angle information of the first antenna array, the pointing angle of the main lobe (main lobe position) and the pointing angle of the grating lobe (grating lobe position) corresponding to the first antenna array can be obtained. As shown in FIG24, the fourth antenna can be placed in the pointing angle direction of the main lobe, and the fifth antenna can be placed in the pointing angle direction of the grating lobe. Then, the signal is sent through antenna port 1 and antenna port 2, and the signal sent by antenna port 1 and antenna port 2 is received by the fourth antenna and the fifth antenna. In this way, the transmission coefficient matrix S between antenna port 1 and antenna port 2 and the fourth antenna and the fifth antenna can be obtained.tr Based on the transmission coefficient matrix, the power transmission efficiency matrix S can be obtained. The power transmission efficiency matrix S satisfies the relationship shown in the following formula (3). S=[S tr ] T *[S tr ]; (3)

[0178] In addition, the ratio W of the main lobe to the grating lobe is obtained (which can be determined based on the actual scenario), and the power transmission efficiency matrix S is weighted according to W to obtain S' = W * S. S' is subjected to singular value decomposition to obtain the maximum eigenvalue of the transmission matrix (corresponding to the maximum transmission efficiency). The corresponding eigenvector of the maximum eigenvalue is obtained based on the maximum eigenvalue of the transmission matrix, thereby obtaining the beam pointing weights (A1, α1; A2, α2) of the second antenna array when the grating lobe position is nulled. Wherein, A1 is the amplitude corresponding to antenna port 1 of the antenna array composed of the first and second antennas when the grating lobe position is nulled, α1 is the phase corresponding to antenna port 1 of the antenna array composed of the first and second antennas when the grating lobe position is nulled, A2 is the amplitude corresponding to antenna port 2 of the antenna array composed of the first and second antennas when the grating lobe position is nulled, and α2 is the phase corresponding to antenna port 2 of the antenna array composed of the first and second antennas when the grating lobe position is nulled.

[0179] (B0, β0) represents the conventional antenna array pointing angle configuration. That is, when there is no null at the grating lobe position, the excitation amplitude corresponding to antenna port 1 is B0, and the excitation phase corresponding to antenna port 2 is β0. Therefore, the excitation amplitude and phase of antenna port 2 are: the excitation amplitude of antenna port 1 is B0*A1, the excitation phase of antenna port 1 is β0+α1, the excitation amplitude of antenna port 21 is B0*A2, and the excitation phase of antenna port 2 is β0+α2. When the excitation amplitude of antenna port 1 is B0*A1, the excitation phase of antenna port 1 is β0+α1, the excitation amplitude of antenna port 21 is B0*A2, and the excitation phase of antenna port 2 is β0+α2, the array pattern of the second antenna array is shown in Figure 25.

[0180] It should be understood that the transmission matrix S can also be obtained through simulation, which will not be described in detail here.

[0181] The first device can transmit and receive signals based on the antenna system provided in FIG7 . The following describes different situations:

[0182] In some embodiments, the first device can transmit signals in a high-order mode of the first frequency band and a main mode of the second antenna in the first frequency band based on the antenna system provided in FIG7 . The following description is made in conjunction with FIG26 . As shown in FIG26 , the communication method includes:

[0183] S2601, the first device generates first information to be sent.

[0184] In which, the excitation amplitude and excitation phase of the first information at each antenna port in the multiple antenna units are determined based on the main lobe position and grating lobe position corresponding to the first antenna array in the multiple antenna units, and the gain of the directional pattern of the multiple antenna units at the grating lobe position corresponding to the first antenna array is less than the gain of the grating lobe corresponding to the first antenna array.

[0185] S2602: The first device sends first information based on a high-order mode of the first antenna in the first frequency band and a main mode of the second antenna in the first frequency band.

[0186] The method provided in FIG. 26 may further include: S2603.

[0187] S2603: The first device receives second information based on the antenna system, with the first antenna in the main mode of the first frequency band.

[0188] Based on the communication method provided in FIG26 , the first device can generate first information and transmit the first information based on the antenna system. Since the antenna system includes antennas operating in a high-order mode and a main mode in the same frequency band, such as the first antenna and the second antenna described above, and since the normal directions of the main mode and the high-order mode are consistent, when the first antenna and the second antenna receive or transmit signals, the null position of the signal of the first antenna in the high-order mode of the first frequency band is consistent with the maximum gain position of the signal of the second antenna in the high-order mode of the second frequency band, thereby suppressing the grating lobes generated by the second antenna when operating in the high-order mode of the second frequency band.

[0189] In some embodiments, the first device can receive signals in the antenna system provided in FIG7 , wherein the first antenna receives signals in a high-order mode in the first frequency band and the second antenna receives signals in a main mode in the first frequency band. The following description is made with reference to FIG27 . As shown in FIG27 , the communication method includes:

[0190] S2701: The first device receives third information based on a high-order mode of the first antenna in the first frequency band and a main mode of the second antenna in the first frequency band.

[0191] In which, the second information, the excitation amplitude and excitation phase on the antenna port in the multiple antenna units, are determined based on the main lobe position and grating lobe position corresponding to the antenna whose working mode is the main mode mode of the first frequency band in the multiple antenna units, and the gain of the grating lobe position corresponding to the first antenna array of the directional pattern of the multiple antenna units is less than the gain of the grating lobe corresponding to the first antenna array.

[0192] S2702: The first device sends fourth information in a main mode of the second frequency band based on the first antenna.

[0193] Based on the communication method provided in FIG27 , the first device can receive the second information based on the antenna system. Since the antenna system includes antennas operating in a high-order mode and a main mode in the same frequency band, such as the first antenna and the second antenna described above, and since the normal directions of the main mode and the high-order mode are consistent, when the first antenna and the second antenna receive or transmit signals, the null position of the signal of the first antenna in the high-order mode of the first frequency band is consistent with the maximum gain position of the signal of the second antenna in the high-order mode of the second frequency band, thereby suppressing the grating lobes generated by the second antenna when operating in the high-order mode of the second frequency band.

[0194] The antenna system and communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application are described in detail above in conjunction with Figures 8 to 27. The communication device for executing the communication method provided by the embodiments of the present application is described in detail below in conjunction with Figures 28 and 29.

[0195] For example, Figure 28 is a structural diagram of a communication device according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 28, the communication device 2800 includes a processing module 2801 and a transceiver module 2802. For ease of illustration, Figure 28 only shows the main components of the communication device.

[0196] In some embodiments, the communication device 2800 may be applicable to the communication system shown in FIG. 7 , and perform the functions of the communication device in the communication method shown in FIG. 26 .

[0197] The communication device 2800 includes a processing module 2801 and a transceiver module 2802 , wherein the transceiver module 2802 includes an antenna system as provided in FIG. 7 .

[0198] The processing module 2801 is configured to generate first information to be transmitted. The excitation amplitude and excitation phase of the first information at each antenna port in the multiple antenna units are determined based on the main lobe position and grating lobe position corresponding to the first antenna array in the multiple antenna units, and the gain of the directional patterns of the multiple antenna units at the grating lobe position corresponding to the first antenna array is less than the gain of the grating lobe corresponding to the first antenna array. The transceiver module 2802 is configured to transmit the first information based on the high-order mode of the first antenna in the first frequency band and the main mode of the second antenna in the first frequency band.

[0199] In some possible implementations, the transceiver module 2802 is further configured to receive the second information based on the antenna system, where the first antenna operates in a main mode of the first frequency band.

[0200] Optionally, the transceiver module 2802 may include a receiving module and a sending module (not shown in FIG. 28 ). The transceiver module 2802 is used to implement the sending function and the receiving function of the communication device 2800 .

[0201] Optionally, the communication device 2800 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 28 ) storing a program or instruction. When the processing module 2801 executes the program or instruction, the communication device 2800 may perform the function of the first device in any of the communication methods shown in FIG. 26 .

[0202] It should be understood that the processing module 2801 involved in the communication device 2800 can be implemented by a processor or a processor-related circuit component, which can be a processor or a processing unit; the transceiver module 2802 can be implemented by a transceiver or a transceiver-related circuit component, which can be a transceiver or a transceiver unit.

[0203] It should be noted that the communication device 2800 can be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal device or network device, or a device that includes a terminal device or a network device. This application does not limit this.

[0204] In addition, the technical effects of the communication device 2800 can refer to the technical effects of the communication method shown in any one of Figure 26, and will not be repeated here.

[0205] In some other embodiments, the communication device 2800 may be applicable to the communication system shown in FIG. 7 , and perform the function of the first device in the communication method shown in FIG. 27 .

[0206] The transceiver module 2802 is configured to receive third information based on the high-order mode of the first antenna in the first frequency band and the main mode of the second antenna in the first frequency band. The excitation amplitude and excitation phase of the second information at the antenna port in the multiple antenna units are determined based on the main lobe position and grating lobe position corresponding to the antenna whose working mode is the main mode mode of the first frequency band in the multiple antenna units, and the gain of the grating lobe position corresponding to the first antenna array of the directional patterns of the multiple antenna units is less than the gain of the grating lobe corresponding to the first antenna array. The processing module 2801 is configured to process the third information.

[0207] The transceiver module 2802 is further configured to send fourth information based on the main mode of the first antenna in the second frequency band.

[0208] Optionally, the transceiver module 2802 may include a receiving module and a sending module (not shown in FIG. 28 ). The transceiver module 2802 is used to implement the sending function and the receiving function of the communication device 2800 .

[0209] Optionally, the communication device 2800 may further include a storage module (not shown in FIG. 28 ) storing a program or instruction. When the processing module 2801 executes the program or instruction, the communication device 2800 may perform the function of the first device in any of the communication methods shown in FIG. 27 .

[0210] It should be understood that the processing module 2801 involved in the communication device 2800 can be implemented by a processor or a processor-related circuit component, which can be a processor or a processing unit; the transceiver module 2802 can be implemented by a transceiver or a transceiver-related circuit component, which can be a transceiver or a transceiver unit.

[0211] It should be noted that the communication device 2800 can be a terminal device or a network device, or a chip (system) or other parts or components that can be set in the terminal device or network device, or a device that includes a terminal device or a network device. This application does not limit this.

[0212] In addition, the technical effects of the communication device 2800 can refer to the technical effects of the communication method shown in any one of Figure 27, and will not be repeated here.

[0213] For example, FIG29 is a second structural diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. The communication device may be a terminal device or a network device, or may be a chip (system) or other component or assembly that can be provided in a terminal device or a network device. As shown in FIG29 , a communication device 2900 may include a processor 2901. Optionally, the communication device 2900 may further include a memory 2902 and / or a transceiver 2903. The processor 2901 is coupled to the memory 2902 and the transceiver 2903, such as by a communication bus.

[0214] The following is a detailed introduction to the various components of the communication device 2900 with reference to FIG29 :

[0215] The processor 2901 is the control center of the communication device 2900 and can be a single processor or a collective term for multiple processing elements. For example, the processor 2901 can be one or more central processing units (CPUs), an application specific integrated circuit (ASIC), or one or more integrated circuits configured to implement the embodiments of the present application, such as one or more digital signal processors (DSPs) or one or more field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs).

[0216] Optionally, the processor 2901 may execute various functions of the communication device 2900 by running or executing a software program stored in the memory 2902 and calling data stored in the memory 2902 .

[0217] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the processor 2901 may include one or more CPUs, such as CPU0 and CPU1 shown in FIG. 29 .

[0218] In a specific implementation, as an embodiment, the communication device 2900 may also include multiple processors, such as the processor 2901 and the processor 2904 shown in FIG29 . Each of these processors may be a single-core processor (single-CPU) or a multi-core processor (multi-CPU). The processor herein may refer to one or more devices, circuits, and / or processing cores for processing data (e.g., computer program instructions).

[0219] Among them, the memory 2902 is used to store the software program for executing the solution of this application, and the execution is controlled by the processor 2901. The specific implementation method can refer to the above method embodiment and will not be repeated here.

[0220] Alternatively, the memory 2902 may be a read-only memory (ROM) or other type of static storage device that can store static information and instructions, a random access memory (RAM) or other type of dynamic storage device that can store information and instructions, or an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM) or other optical disc storage, an optical disc storage (including a compact disc, laser disc, optical disc, digital versatile disc, Blu-ray disc, etc.), a magnetic disk storage medium or other magnetic storage device, or any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited thereto. The memory 2902 may be integrated with the processor 2901 or exist independently and be coupled to the processor 2901 via an interface circuit (not shown in FIG. 29 ) of the communication device 2900, which is not specifically limited in this embodiment of the present application.

[0221] Transceiver 2903 is used for communication with other communication devices. For example, if communication device 2900 is a terminal device, transceiver 2903 can be used to communicate with a network device or another terminal device. For another example, if communication device 2900 is a network device, transceiver 2903 can be used to communicate with a terminal device or another network device.

[0222] Optionally, the transceiver 2903 may include a receiver and a transmitter (not shown separately in FIG29 ), wherein the receiver is used to implement a receiving function, and the transmitter is used to implement a sending function.

[0223] Optionally, the transceiver 2903 can be integrated with the processor 2901, or can exist independently and be coupled to the processor 2901 through the interface circuit of the communication device 2900 (not shown in Figure 29). This embodiment of the present application does not specifically limit this.

[0224] It should be noted that the structure of the communication device 2900 shown in Figure 29 does not constitute a limitation on the communication device. The actual communication device may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or combine certain components, or arrange the components differently.

[0225] In addition, the technical effects of the communication device 2900 can refer to the technical effects of the communication method described in the above method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0226] It should be understood that the processor in the embodiments of the present application may be a CPU, but may also be other general-purpose processors, DSPs, ASICs, FPGAs, or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0227] It should also be understood that the memory in the embodiments of the present application can be a volatile memory or a non-volatile memory, or can include both volatile and non-volatile memories. Among them, the non-volatile memory can be a ROM, a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an EEPROM, or a flash memory. The volatile memory can be a RAM, which is used as an external cache. By way of example but not limitation, many forms of RAM are available, such as static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0228] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware (such as circuits), firmware or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer program are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (such as infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (for example, a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (for example, a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0229] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein simply describes a relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A alone, A and B together, or B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Furthermore, the character " / " as used herein generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. For specific understanding, please refer to the context.

[0230] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or plural.

[0231] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0232] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0233] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0234] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed systems, devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0235] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0236] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0237] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, server, or network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a ROM, a RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0238] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. An antenna system, characterized in that: The antenna system includes a plurality of antenna units, wherein each antenna unit includes a first antenna and a second antenna; The working mode of the first antenna includes a high-order mode of a first frequency band, the working mode of the second antenna includes a main mode of the first frequency band, and the first antenna and the second antenna are located in the same planar antenna array.

2. The antenna system according to claim 1, wherein The first antenna is connected to a first radio frequency multi-function device, the first radio frequency multi-function device is connected to a first port of a power divider, the second antenna is connected to a second radio frequency multi-function device, the second radio frequency multi-function device is connected to a second port of the power divider, the third port of the power divider is connected to a first amplifier, and the first amplifier is connected to an up-converter.

3. The antenna system according to claim 1, wherein: The first antenna is connected to a first radio frequency multi-function device, the first radio frequency multi-function device is connected to a first port of a combiner, the second antenna is connected to a second radio frequency multi-function device, the second radio frequency multi-function device is connected to a second port of the combiner, the third port of the combiner is connected to a first amplifier, and the first amplifier is connected to a down converter.

4. The antenna system according to claim 1, wherein: The working mode of the first antenna also includes a main mode of the second frequency band; the frequency of the first frequency band is greater than the frequency of the second frequency band.

5. The antenna system according to claim 4, characterized in that The first antenna is connected to the common port of the duplexer, the first port of the duplexer is connected to the first radio frequency multi-function device, and the first radio frequency multi-function device is connected to the first port of the power splitter; the second antenna is connected to the second radio frequency multi-function device, and the second radio frequency multi-function device is connected to the second port of the power splitter; The third port of the power divider is connected to the first amplifier, and the first amplifier is connected to the up-converter; The second port of the duplexer is connected to a third radio frequency multi-function device, the third radio frequency multi-function device is connected to a second amplifier, and the second amplifier is connected to a down converter.

6. The antenna system according to claim 4, wherein: The first antenna is connected to the common port of the duplexer, the first port of the duplexer is connected to the first radio frequency multi-function device, and the first radio frequency multi-function device is connected to the first port of the combiner; the second antenna is connected to the second radio frequency multi-function device, and the second radio frequency multi-function device is connected to the second port of the combiner; The third port of the combiner is connected to the first amplifier, and the first amplifier is connected to the down converter; The second port of the duplexer is connected to a third radio frequency multi-function device, the third radio frequency multi-function device is connected to a second amplifier, and the second amplifier is connected to an up-converter.

7. The antenna system according to claim 1, wherein: Each antenna unit further includes a third antenna; wherein the operating mode of the third antenna includes a main mode of the second frequency band; and the frequency of the first frequency band is greater than the frequency of the second frequency band.

8. The antenna system according to claim 7, wherein: The first antenna is connected to a first radio frequency multi-function device, which is connected to a first port of a power divider; the second antenna is connected to a second radio frequency multi-function device, which is connected to a second port of the power divider; The third port of the power divider is connected to the first amplifier, and the first amplifier is connected to the up-converter; The third antenna is connected to a third radio frequency multi-function device, the third radio frequency multi-function device is connected to a second amplifier, and the second amplifier is connected to a down converter.

9. The antenna system according to claim 7, wherein: The first antenna is connected to a first radio frequency multi-function device, which is connected to a first port of a combiner; the second antenna is connected to a second radio frequency multi-function device, which is connected to a second port of the combiner; The third port of the combiner is connected to the first amplifier, and the first amplifier is connected to the down converter; The third antenna is connected to a third radio frequency multi-function device, the third radio frequency multi-function device is connected to a second amplifier, and the second amplifier is connected to an up-converter.

10. The antenna system according to claim 8 or 9, characterized in that The first antenna is connected to the first radio frequency multi-function device via a first filter, or the first antenna is a filtering antenna; The second antenna is connected to the second radio frequency multi-function device via a second filter, or the second antenna is a filter antenna; The third antenna is connected to the third radio frequency multi-function device through a third filter, or the third antenna is a filtering antenna.

11. The antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that: The distance between two adjacent antenna units in the plurality of antenna units satisfies the following relationship: Wherein, λ is the wavelength of the first frequency, and θ0 is the pointing angle of the beam.

12. The antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that: The gain of the directional patterns of the multiple antenna units at the grating lobe position corresponding to the first antenna array is less than the gain of the grating lobe corresponding to the first antenna array; wherein the first antenna array is composed of the second antenna in each antenna unit of the multiple antenna units.

13. The antenna system according to claim 10, wherein: The excitation and amplitude of the first antenna and the second antenna are determined based on the second antenna array, the fourth antenna and the fifth antenna; the second antenna array is composed of the first antenna and the second antenna in each antenna unit of the multiple antenna units; the fourth antenna is an antenna located at the main lobe position of the first antenna array, and the fifth antenna is an antenna located at the grating lobe position of the first antenna array.

14. A communication device, characterized in that: The communication device comprises the antenna system according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

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