Casing, battery cell, battery, and electrical apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to a casing, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical apparatus. The casing comprises a casing body and a phase change cooling member. The casing body has an individual cooling cavity and accommodating cavity, the accommodating cavity and the cooling cavity each having one end open, and the accommodating cavity being used for accommodating an electrode assembly. The phase change cooling member is located in the cooling cavity, a phase change material capable of absorbing heat of the casing body being sealed in the phase change cooling member.

Description

Housing, battery cell, battery and electrical device

[0001] Cross-references

[0002] This application refers to Chinese Patent Application No. 2024202431082, filed on January 31, 2024, entitled “Casing, Battery Cell, Battery and Electrical Device,” which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of battery technology, and in particular to a housing, a battery cell, a battery, and an electrical device. Background Art

[0004] Battery cells have serious heating problems during use. If the heat dissipation effect of their shell is not ideal, the air pressure inside the battery cell will be too high, which may easily cause the battery cell to explode.

[0005] In related technologies, cooling structures such as cooling pipes and liquid cooling plates are used to cool and dissipate heat from the battery cell housing. To effectively connect the cooling structure to the housing, cooling glue is typically used to bond the cooling structure to the housing. However, the cooling effect of the battery cell is affected by the connection reliability and thermal conductivity of the cooling glue, resulting in poor heat dissipation from the battery cell after prolonged use.

[0006] Application Contents

[0007] Based on this, it is necessary to provide a housing, a battery cell, a battery and an electrical device to address the problem of poor heat dissipation of the battery cell after long-term use.

[0008] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a housing, comprising:

[0009] The shell body has an independent cooling cavity and a receiving cavity, wherein the receiving cavity and the cooling cavity are both open at one end, and the receiving cavity is used to receive the electrode assembly; and

[0010] The phase-change cooling element is located in the cooling cavity, and a phase-change material capable of absorbing the heat of the shell body is sealed in the phase-change cooling element.

[0011] In some embodiments, the phase change cooling device is detachably disposed in the cooling cavity through the open end of the cooling cavity.

[0012] In some embodiments, the phase-change cooling element is detachably inserted into the cooling cavity along a depth direction of the cooling cavity.

[0013] In some embodiments, the outer surface of the phase change cooling element is provided with an external thread, and the inner surface of the cooling cavity is provided with an internal thread. The phase change cooling element is detachably connected to the cooling cavity through the internal and external threads.

[0014] In some embodiments, the outer contour of the phase-change cooling element can be adaptively fitted with the contour of the cavity wall of the cooling cavity.

[0015] In some embodiments, the phase change temperature of the phase change material sealed in the phase change cooling element is 25°C-70°C.

[0016] In some embodiments, a phase change material having a phase change temperature of 25° C. to 55° C. is sealed in the phase change cooling element.

[0017] In some embodiments, the phase change material comprises paraffin wax.

[0018] In some embodiments, the shell body includes an inner wall surface and an outer wall surface arranged around the inner wall surface, the inner wall surface forms a cavity wall of the accommodating cavity, and the cooling cavity is formed between the inner wall surface and the outer wall surface;

[0019] The cooling cavity and the accommodating cavity are both opened along the height direction of the shell.

[0020] In some embodiments, at least one end of the shell body in the height direction is recessed along the height direction to form a concave hole, and the concave hole serves as the cooling cavity.

[0021] In some embodiments, the open end of the accommodating cavity and the open end of the cooling cavity are both located at the top end of the shell.

[0022] In some embodiments, the cooling chamber is configured in plurality, all of the cooling chambers are arranged at intervals around the inner wall surface, and the phase change cooling element is independently disposed in each cooling chamber.

[0023] In some embodiments, the cooling cavity is configured as one and is continuously arranged around the inner wall surface.

[0024] In some embodiments, a step surface is protruded from one end of the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity close to the open end thereof, and the step is lower than the open end of the accommodating cavity.

[0025] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery cell comprising:

[0026] A housing as described in any one of the above items;

[0027] an electrode assembly, housed in the housing cavity of the shell; and

[0028] The end cover is arranged on the shell body of the shell and covers the open end of the accommodating cavity.

[0029] In some embodiments, the open end of the accommodating cavity and the open end of the cooling cavity are located at the same end in the height direction of the shell;

[0030] Along the height direction of the shell, the orthographic projection of the end cover is staggered with the orthographic projection of the cooling cavity.

[0031] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a battery comprising the battery cell as described above.

[0032] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides an electrical device comprising the battery described above, wherein the battery is used to provide electrical energy.

[0033] The housing, battery cells, batteries, and electrical devices described above include a housing cavity within the housing body that accommodates the electrode assembly. A phase-change cooling element is located within the cooling cavity within the housing body. This element absorbs heat from the battery cells as their temperature rises. Furthermore, because the element is directly incorporated into the housing body, there is no need for a connecting medium such as cooling glue. There is virtually no risk of the element detaching from the housing body during extended use, ensuring excellent heat dissipation reliability and effectiveness for the battery cells.

[0034] The details of one or more embodiments of the present application are set forth in the following drawings and description. Other features, objects, and advantages of the present application will become apparent from the description, drawings, and claims. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0035] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0036] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of the appearance of a battery cell according to some embodiments of the present application.

[0037] FIG2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the battery cell shown in FIG1 .

[0038] FIG3 is a schematic structural diagram of the shell body of the battery cell shown in FIG1 .

[0039] The figure numbers in the specific implementation manner are as follows: 10, battery cell; 11, shell; 11a, shell body; a1, inner wall surface; a2, outer wall surface; 11b, phase change cooling element; Q1, accommodating cavity; Q2, cooling cavity; q, concave hole; t, step surface; 12, end cover; 13, pole; 14, liquid injection hole; 15, explosion-proof structure; Z, height direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] To make the above-mentioned objects, features, and advantages of the present application more clearly understood, the specific embodiments of the present application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following description sets forth many specific details to facilitate a full understanding of the present application. However, the present application can be implemented in many other ways than those described herein, and those skilled in the art can make similar improvements without violating the scope of the present application. Therefore, the present application is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0041] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that, if any, terms such as "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", "clockwise", "counterclockwise", "axial", "radial", and "circumferential" indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0042] Furthermore, if used, the terms "first" and "second," if present, are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature specified as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0043] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "connected," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two components or interaction between two components, unless otherwise expressly limited. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0044] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, when a first feature is "above" or "below" a second feature, it can mean that the first and second features are in direct contact, or the first and second features are in indirect contact through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, when a first feature is "above," "above," or "above" a second feature, it can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. When a first feature is "below," "below," or "below" a second feature, it can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is at a lower level than the second feature.

[0045] It should be noted that, if present, when an element is referred to as being "fixed to" or "disposed on" another element, it may be directly on the other element or there may be an intermediate element. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it may be directly connected to the other element or there may be an intermediate element. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and similar expressions used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not represent the only embodiments.

[0046] The present invention addresses the problem of poor cooling and heat dissipation of battery cells after prolonged use, which occurs when battery cell housings are connected to cooling structures such as cooling pipes or liquid cooling plates via cooling glue. The housing incorporates a phase-change cooling element that absorbs heat from the housing during phase transitions, thereby reducing the temperature of the battery cells. This eliminates the need for connection media such as cooling glue, resulting in reliable cooling and heat dissipation of the battery cells, ensuring good heat dissipation even after prolonged use.

[0047] The housing 11 provided in embodiments of the present application can be used to prepare a battery cell 10. Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the external appearance of a battery cell 10 in some embodiments of the present application. Referring to Figure 1, in some embodiments, the battery cell 10 includes a housing 11, an end cap 12, and an electrode assembly (not shown). The housing 11 and the end cap 12 cooperate to form an internal space within the battery cell 10, within which the electrode assembly is housed. The electrode assembly is the unit within the battery cell 10 that performs the electrochemical reaction and typically includes a positive electrode sheet, a negative electrode sheet, and a separator. The separator is disposed between the positive and negative electrode sheets, insulating and isolating the positive and negative electrode sheets and allowing ions to pass through it. The separator can be a diaphragm. The electrode assembly can be wound or laminated. Typically, the end cap 12 can be provided with a terminal post 13, an explosion-proof structure 15, an injection port 14, and the like. The terminal post 13 is electrically connected to the electrode assembly for connection to an external circuit. The explosion-proof structure 15 can rupture and release pressure when the internal pressure of the battery cell 10 exceeds a threshold. It can be an explosion-proof valve, a thinning notch, or the like. The injection hole 14 is used to inject electrolyte into the battery cell 10 .

[0048] Batteries can be prepared using the battery cells of the embodiments of the present application. Typically, the battery may also include a housing, in which a plurality of battery cells are arranged side by side. The battery in the embodiments of the present application can be used in an electrical device to provide electrical energy for the electrical device. The electrical device may be, but is not limited to, a mobile phone, a tablet, a laptop computer, an electric toy, an electric tool, an electric vehicle, an electric car, a ship, and the like. Taking the electrical device as a vehicle as an example, the battery can be arranged at the rear, front, or bottom of the vehicle. The battery can provide electrical energy for the drive of the vehicle, and can also provide electrical energy for the control system of the vehicle.

[0049] The housing 11 in the embodiment of the present application is described in detail below.

[0050] Fig. 2 is an exploded schematic diagram of the battery cell 10 shown in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the shell body 11a of the battery cell 10 shown in Fig. 1.

[0051] According to some embodiments of the present application, referring to Figures 1 to 3 , a housing 11 provided in the present embodiments includes a housing body 11a and a phase-change cooling element 11b. The housing body 11a has an independent cooling cavity Q2 and a receiving cavity Q1. Both the receiving cavity Q1 and the cooling cavity Q2 are open at one end, with the receiving cavity Q1 being used to accommodate the electrode assembly. The phase-change cooling element 11b is located in the cooling cavity Q2 and contains a phase-change material that absorbs heat from the housing body 11a.

[0052] The shell body 11a is typically made of a thermally conductive material, such as aluminum or copper. It defines a cavity Q1 for accommodating the electrode assembly. One end of the cavity Q1 is open to facilitate entry and exit of the electrode assembly. The shell body 11a also defines a cooling cavity Q2 for accommodating the phase-change cooler 11b. One end of the cavity Q2 is open to facilitate installation of the phase-change cooler 11b.

[0053] The cooling chamber Q2 is independent and disconnected from the housing chamber Q1. In actual use, the housing chamber Q1 can be filled with electrolyte to support the electrochemical reaction of the electrode assembly. The electrolyte in the housing chamber Q1 cannot enter the cooling chamber Q2. Both the cooling chamber Q2 and the housing chamber Q1 are open at one end. The open ends can be located at the same end of the housing 11 or at different ends of the housing 11. The "different ends" can be opposite ends or adjacent ends.

[0054] Phase-change material is sealed within phase-change cooling element 11b, effectively preventing it from flowing out. This means that phase-change cooling element 11b comprises an encapsulation portion and the phase-change material disposed within it. When located within cooling cavity Q2, the encapsulation portion is sealed. This encapsulation portion can be a capsule, shell, or film.

[0055] The phase change material can be a phase change material that is liquid or solid at room temperature. When the temperature inside the battery cell 10 reaches the phase change temperature of the phase change material, the phase change material can absorb heat and undergo a phase change. If the phase change material is liquid at room temperature, it can be transformed into a gaseous state after absorbing heat. If the phase change material is solid at room temperature, it can be transformed into a liquid state after absorbing heat. The specific selection of the phase change material is not limited in the embodiments of the present application, as long as it can absorb the temperature of the battery cell 10 when the temperature inside the battery cell 10 is high. Specifically, a phase change material with a phase change temperature between 25°C and 70°C can be selected, including wax phase change materials (such as paraffin), polymer phase change materials, etc.

[0056] When the housing 11 is used with a battery cell 10, the housing cavity Q1 of the housing body 11a can accommodate the electrode assembly, while the cooling cavity Q2 of the housing body 11a houses the phase-change cooling element 11b. This element absorbs heat from the battery cell 10 when its temperature rises. Furthermore, because the phase-change cooling element 11b is directly mounted within the housing body 11a, there is no need for a connecting medium such as cooling glue. There is virtually no risk of the phase-change cooling element 11b detaching from the housing body 11a during prolonged use, ensuring excellent heat dissipation reliability and effectiveness for the battery cell 10.

[0057] In some embodiments, the phase-change cooling element 11b is removably disposed within the cooling cavity Q2 via the open end of the cooling cavity Q2. Specifically, the phase-change cooling element 11b can be removably inserted into the cooling cavity Q2 along the depth direction of the cooling cavity Q2. Alternatively, the outer surface of the phase-change cooling element 11b is provided with external threads, and the inner surface of the cooling cavity Q2 is provided with internal threads, and the phase-change cooling element 11b is removably connected to the cooling cavity Q2 via the mating of the internal and external threads. Those skilled in the art can flexibly configure the specific method for the removable connection between the two.

[0058] At this time, the phase change cooling element 11b is detachably connected to the cooling cavity Q2, which not only facilitates the maintenance and replacement of the phase change cooling element 11b, but also facilitates the recycling of the phase change cooling element 11b without damaging the shell body 11a.

[0059] In some embodiments, the outer contour of the phase-change cooling element 11 b is adaptively fitted with the contour of the cavity wall of the cooling cavity Q2 .

[0060] The outer contour of the phase-change cooling element 11b is adapted to the contour of the cavity wall of the cooling cavity Q2. When the phase-change cooling element 11b is inserted into the cooling cavity Q2, the cavity wall of the cooling cavity Q2 can match and fit with the outer contour of the phase-change cooling element 11b. The contact area between the phase-change cooling element 11b and the cooling cavity Q2 is large, and the thermal conductivity efficiency is high, which can improve the heat dissipation efficiency and heat dissipation effect of the battery cell.

[0061] Specifically, the phase-change cooling element 11b and the cooling cavity Q2 may both be roughly in the shape of a cuboid, a cylinder, or the like.

[0062] In some embodiments, the phase change cooling element 11b is sealed with a phase change material having a phase change temperature between 25°C and 55°C. The specific composition of the material having a phase change temperature between 25°C and 55°C, such as paraffin, is not limited, and those skilled in the art have a variety of conventional options. For conventional battery cells 10, which normally operate at room temperature, the use of a phase change material having a phase change temperature between 25°C and 55°C allows for timely cooling of the battery cells 10 before the internal temperature of the battery cells 10 rises excessively. This minimizes the negative impact of temperature increases on the performance of the battery cells 10, thereby helping to improve the performance stability of the battery cells 10.

[0063] In some embodiments, referring to FIG3 , the housing body 11a includes an inner wall surface a1 and an outer wall surface a2 surrounding the inner wall surface a1. The inner wall surface a1 forms the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity Q1. A cooling cavity Q2 is formed between the inner wall surface a1 and the outer wall surface a2. The cooling cavity Q2 and the accommodating cavity Q1 are both open along the height direction Z of the housing 11.

[0064] Inner wall surface a1 encloses and forms the accommodating cavity Q1, forming the cavity wall of accommodating cavity Q1. Outer wall surface a2 forms the outer surface of the shell body 11a. Multiple cooling cavities Q2 can be provided, all spaced apart around inner wall surface a1, with each cooling cavity Q2 independently provided with a phase change cooling element 11b. Alternatively, only one cooling cavity Q2 can be provided, which can be arranged continuously around inner wall surface a1 or positioned on one side of the shell body 11.

[0065] The height direction Z of the housing 11 generally corresponds to its longitudinal direction, or is defined by the opening direction of the accommodating chamber Q1. If both the cooling chamber Q2 and the accommodating chamber Q1 are open along the height direction Z of the housing 11, the open end of the cooling chamber Q2 and the open end of the accommodating chamber Q1 may be at the same end of the housing 11, or at opposite ends of the housing 11. Alternatively, the open end of some cooling chambers Q2 and the open end of the accommodating chamber Q1 may be located at the same end of the housing 11, while the open end of some cooling chambers Q2 and the open end of the accommodating chamber Q1 may be located at different ends of the housing 11. In actual applications, the height direction Z of the housing 11 corresponds to the direction of gravity, and the open ends of the accommodating chamber Q1 and the open ends of the cooling chamber Q2 are both located at the top of the housing 11, or the open end of the accommodating chamber Q1 is located at the top of the housing 11, while the open end of the cooling chamber Q2 is located at the bottom.

[0066] At this time, the accommodating chamber Q1 is located in the middle of the shell 11 to accommodate the electrode assembly, and the cooling chamber Q2 is located around the shell 11 to accommodate the phase change cooling element 11b, which is more in line with the conventional battery layout and can reduce the improvement cost.

[0067] There are various ways to form the cooling cavity Q2 within the housing body 11a. For example, the housing body 11a may include an inner shell and an outer shell, with the outer shell surrounding the inner shell. A cavity may be formed between the inner and outer shells. This cavity may serve directly as the cooling cavity Q2, or partitions may be provided within the cavity to create multiple cooling cavities Q2. Alternatively, the following methods may be employed.

[0068] In some embodiments, referring to Figure 3 , at least one end of the shell body 11a in the height direction Z is recessed along the height direction Z to form a recessed hole q, which serves as a cooling cavity Q2. In this case, at least a portion of the cooling cavity Q2 can be considered to be formed by removing a portion of the thin shell wall that encloses the accommodating cavity Q1, resulting in the recessed hole q. This simplifies the molding of the shell body 11a and reduces production costs.

[0069] In some embodiments, referring to FIG3 , a stepped surface t protrudes from the wall of the accommodating chamber Q1 near its open end. Stepped surface t is lower than the open end of the accommodating chamber Q1. Typically, the distance between stepped surface t and the open end of the accommodating chamber Q1 is adapted to the thickness of the end cap 12. Stepped surface t protrudes from the wall of the accommodating chamber Q1 and is visible from the open end of the accommodating chamber Q1.

[0070] In actual application, when the end cover 12 covers the open end of the accommodating cavity Q1, the end cover 12 is supported and limited on the step surface t. The step surface t can perform initial positioning of the end cover 12 to facilitate subsequent welding of the end cover 12 to the shell body 11a.

[0071] In addition, the present application further provides a battery cell 10, comprising a housing 11, an electrode assembly, and an end cap 12 according to any of the above embodiments. The electrode assembly is accommodated in a receiving cavity Q1 of the housing 11, and the end cap 12 is disposed on the shell body 11a of the housing 11 and covers the open end of the receiving cavity Q1. The end cap 12 and the shell body 11a may be welded, but are not limited to welded. The specific structure of the end cap 12 can refer to conventional arrangements.

[0072] The battery cell 10 has a phase-change cooling element 11b disposed on its housing 11. When the internal temperature of the battery cell 10 rises, the phase-change cooling element 11b can cool the battery cell 10, thereby reducing the risk of thermal runaway in the battery cell 10. Furthermore, the battery cell 10 has the beneficial effects described in the above embodiments, such as reliable heat dissipation.

[0073] In some embodiments, the open end of the accommodating cavity Q1 and the open end of the cooling cavity Q2 are located at the same end of the housing 11 in the height direction Z. Along the height direction Z of the housing 11, the orthographic projection of the end cover 12 is staggered with the orthographic projection of the cooling cavity Q2.

[0074] It is possible that the open ends of both the accommodating chamber Q1 and the cooling chamber Q2 are located at the top end of the shell 11, and the end cover 12 covers the open end of the accommodating chamber Q1 without closing the open end of the cooling chamber Q2, thereby facilitating the disassembly and assembly of the phase change cooling element 11b in the cooling chamber Q2 when the battery cell 10 is disassembled.

[0075] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides a battery, comprising the above-mentioned battery cell 10 .

[0076] In addition, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electrical device, comprising the above-mentioned battery, which is used to provide electrical energy.

[0077] The technical features of the above-mentioned embodiments can be combined arbitrarily. In order to make the description concise, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above-mentioned embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0078] The above-described embodiments merely represent several implementation methods of the present application. While the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person of ordinary skill in the art may make various modifications and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A housing (11), comprising: The shell body (11a) has an independent cooling cavity (Q2) and a receiving cavity (Q1), wherein the receiving cavity (Q1) and the cooling cavity (Q2) are both open at one end, and the receiving cavity (Q1) is used to accommodate the electrode assembly; and A phase-change cooling element (11b) is located in the cooling cavity (Q2), and a phase-change material capable of absorbing heat from the shell body (11a) is sealed in the phase-change cooling element (11b).

2. The housing (11) according to claim 1, wherein The phase-change cooling element (11b) is detachably arranged in the cooling cavity (Q2) through the open end of the cooling cavity (Q2).

3. The housing (11) according to claim 2, wherein The phase-change cooling element (11b) is detachably inserted into the cooling cavity (Q2) along the depth direction of the cooling cavity (Q2).

4. The housing (11) according to claim 2, wherein The outer surface of the phase-change cooling element (11b) is provided with an external thread, and the inner surface of the cooling cavity (Q2) is provided with an internal thread. The phase-change cooling element (11b) is detachably connected to the cooling cavity (Q2) through the cooperation of the internal and external threads.

5. The housing (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: The outer contour of the phase-change cooling element (11b) can be adaptively fitted with the contour of the cavity wall of the cooling cavity (Q2).

6. The housing (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein: The phase change temperature of the phase change material sealed in the phase change cooling element (11b) is between 25°C and 70°C.

7. The housing (11) according to claim 6, wherein The phase-change cooling element (11b) is sealed with a phase-change material having a phase-change temperature of 25°C-55°C.

8. The housing (11) according to claim 7, wherein The phase change material includes paraffin wax.

9. The housing (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein: The shell body (11a) comprises an inner wall surface (a1) and an outer wall surface (a2) arranged around the inner wall surface (a1), the inner wall surface (a1) forming the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity (Q1), and the cooling cavity (Q2) is formed between the inner wall surface (a1) and the outer wall surface (a2); The cooling cavity (Q2) and the accommodating cavity (Q1) are both opened along the height direction (Z) of the shell (11).

10. The housing (11) according to claim 9, wherein At least one end of the shell body (11a) in the height direction (Z) is recessed along the height direction (Z) to form a concave hole (q), and the concave hole (q) serves as the cooling cavity (Q2).

11. The housing (11) according to claim 9, wherein The open end of the accommodating cavity (Q1) and the open end of the cooling cavity (Q2) are both located at the top end of the shell (11).

12. The housing (11) according to claim 9, wherein A plurality of cooling cavities (Q2) are provided, and all of the cooling cavities (Q2) are arranged at intervals around the inner wall surface (a1), and the phase-change cooling element (11b) is independently provided in each cooling cavity (Q2).

13. The housing (11) according to claim 9, wherein The cooling chamber (Q2) is configured in one piece and is continuously arranged around the inner wall surface (a1).

14. The housing (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein: A step surface (t) is protruded from one end of the cavity wall of the accommodating cavity (Q1) close to the open end thereof, and the step surface (t) is lower than the open end of the accommodating cavity (Q1).

15. A battery cell (10), wherein: include: The housing (11) according to any one of claims 1 to 14; an electrode assembly, housed in the housing cavity (Q1) of the housing (11); and An end cover (12) is provided on the shell body (11a) of the shell (11) and covers the open end of the accommodating cavity (Q1).

16. The battery cell (10) according to claim 15, wherein: The open end of the accommodating cavity (Q1) and the open end of the cooling cavity (Q2) are located at the same end in the height direction (Z) of the shell (11); Along the height direction (Z) of the shell (11), the orthographic projection of the end cover (12) and the orthographic projection of the cooling cavity (Q2) are staggered.

17. A battery comprising the battery cell (10) according to claim 15 or 16.

18. An electrical device comprising the battery according to claim 17, wherein the battery is used to provide electrical energy.

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