Anchoring structure, floating wind turbine assembly and floating wind turbine array

Abstract

An anchoring structure (10), a floating wind turbine assembly and a floating wind turbine array. Each anchoring structure (10) comprises an anchor rod (11); a rotary member (12), which is rotatably arranged on the anchor rod (11); an elastic holding member (13), which is arranged between the anchor rod (11) and the rotary member (12); and a mooring cable (14), which comprises a winding section (141) and an extending section (142), the winding section (141) being wound around the periphery of the rotary member (12), a first end of the winding section (141) being fixedly connected to the rotary member (12), a first end of the extending section (142) being connected to a second end of the winding section (141), and a second end of the extending section (142) being connected to a floating wind turbine (20). When the rotary member (12) rotates, the extending section (142) extends or shortens.

Description

Anchoring structure, floating wind turbine assembly and floating wind turbine array

[0001] CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0002] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202410144932.7 filed in China on February 1, 2024, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present disclosure relates to the field of offshore wind power technology, and in particular to an anchoring structure, a floating wind turbine assembly, and a floating wind turbine array. Background Art

[0004] In related technologies, a floating wind turbine structure is connected to an anchor foundation fixed in the seabed soil layer through a mooring cable. Due to gravity, a bottom-travelling section is formed at the end of the mooring cable close to the anchor foundation. The existence of the bottom-travelling section enables the floating wind turbine structure to move within a certain range when encountering severe sea conditions or ship collisions, thereby avoiding direct breakage of the mooring cable.

[0005] However, in order to ensure that the floating wind turbine structure has a certain range of motion, the length of the bottom section needs to be set longer, which makes the overall length of the mooring cable longer. This makes the sea area used by the entire floating wind turbine array larger. Under the limited sea area, the number of floating wind turbine components that can be arranged is limited, affecting the power generation efficiency.

[0006] To address this issue, existing technologies have proposed installing floating structures on mooring cables. These structures, under the force of the floating structures, lift the mooring cables, thereby reducing the length of the bottom-running sections. However, these floating structures have limited lifting capacity, and their effectiveness in reducing the overall length of the mooring cables is limited. Furthermore, the floating structures are prone to interfering with vessels passing through the area where the mooring cables are located, posing certain safety risks.

[0007] Therefore, the problem that the overall length of the mooring cable is relatively long and the number of floating wind turbine assemblies that can be deployed within a limited sea area cannot be well solved. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The main purpose of the present disclosure is to provide an anchoring structure, a floating wind turbine assembly and a floating wind turbine array to solve the problem in the related art that the overall length of the mooring cable is long, resulting in a limited number of floating wind turbine assemblies that can be arranged within a limited sea area.

[0009] In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure, an anchoring structure is provided, including: an anchor rod; a rotating member rotatably arranged on the anchor rod; an elastic retaining member arranged between the anchor rod and the rotating member; a mooring cable, including a winding section and an extending section, the winding section is wound around the outer circumference of the rotating member, the first end of the winding section is fixedly connected to the rotating member, the first end of the extending section is connected to the second end of the winding section, and the second end of the extending section is connected to the floating wind turbine, and when the rotating member rotates, the extending section is extended or shortened.

[0010] In some embodiments, the rotating member is a sleeve sleeved outside the anchor rod.

[0011] In some embodiments, the elastic retaining member is a spring, which is sleeved outside the anchor rod, with a first end of the spring connected to the outer wall of the anchor rod and a second end of the spring connected to the inner wall of the sleeve.

[0012] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present disclosure, a floating wind turbine assembly is provided, comprising a floating wind turbine and an anchoring structure connected to the floating wind turbine, wherein the anchoring structure is the anchoring structure of any embodiment of the first aspect described above, and when the floating wind turbine is subjected to an external force, the floating wind turbine pulls the mooring cable to cause the rotating member to rotate in the forward direction and the extended section to extend, and when the external force applied to the floating wind turbine disappears, the elastic retaining member applies a reset force to the rotating member to cause the rotating member to rotate in the reverse direction and the extended section to shorten.

[0013] In some embodiments, a floating wind turbine includes a floating foundation and a wind turbine structure arranged on the floating foundation, the floating foundation includes a plurality of floating columns and a connecting rod structure connecting the plurality of floating columns, the floating wind turbine assembly includes a plurality of anchoring structures corresponding one-to-one to the plurality of floating columns, and the protruding section of each anchoring structure is connected to the corresponding floating column.

[0014] In some embodiments, the floating foundation includes three floating columns, the floating wind turbine assembly includes three anchoring structures, the three floating columns define a first equilateral triangle, the angle between a line between one anchoring structure and the center of the floating wind turbine and a line between an adjacent anchoring structure and the center of the floating wind turbine is 120°, and the lengths of the lines between multiple anchoring structures and the centers of the floating wind turbine are the same.

[0015] According to an embodiment of a third aspect of the present disclosure, a floating wind turbine array is provided, comprising a plurality of floating wind turbine assemblies, wherein the floating wind turbine assemblies are the floating wind turbine assemblies of any embodiment of the second aspect described above.

[0016] In some embodiments, a floating wind turbine array includes at least one first array unit, the first array unit includes three floating wind turbine assemblies, the three floating wind turbine assemblies include a first floating wind turbine assembly, a second floating wind turbine assembly, and a third floating wind turbine assembly, the first floating wind turbine assembly is located between the second floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly, the first floating wind turbine assembly, the second floating wind turbine assembly, and the third floating wind turbine assembly share an anchoring structure, the anchoring structure shared by the first floating wind turbine assembly, the second floating wind turbine assembly, and the third floating wind turbine assembly form a first common anchoring structure, the first floating wind turbine assembly and the second floating wind turbine assembly share an anchoring structure, and the first floating wind turbine assembly and the second floating wind turbine assembly share an anchoring structure. The anchoring structure shared by the components forms a second common anchoring structure, the first floating wind turbine component and the third floating wind turbine component share one anchoring structure, the anchoring structure shared by the first floating wind turbine component and the third floating wind turbine component forms a third common anchoring structure, the remaining two anchoring structures in the second floating wind turbine component and the third floating wind turbine component form two first single-use anchoring structures, the floating wind turbine of the first floating wind turbine component, the floating wind turbine of the second floating wind turbine component, the first common anchoring structure and the second common anchoring structure define a first parallelogram structure, and the floating wind turbine of the first floating wind turbine component, the floating wind turbine of the third floating wind turbine component, the first common anchoring structure and the third common anchoring structure define a second parallelogram structure.

[0017] In some embodiments, the floating wind turbine array includes multiple first array units, wherein the extension direction of the line connecting the floating wind turbine of the first floating wind turbine assembly and the first common anchoring structure is the first direction, and the direction parallel to or overlapping with the surface of the second parallelogram structure and perpendicular to the first direction is the second direction. In the first direction, two adjacent first array units are symmetrically arranged and share all anchoring structures on the symmetry line; in the second direction, multiple first array units are arranged in sequence and two adjacent first array units share one anchoring structure.

[0018] In some embodiments, the floating wind turbine array includes at least one second array unit, the second array unit includes two floating wind turbine assemblies, the two floating wind turbine assemblies include a fourth floating wind turbine assembly and a fifth floating wind turbine assembly, the fourth floating wind turbine assembly and the fifth floating wind turbine assembly share two anchoring structures, the fourth floating wind turbine assembly and the fifth floating wind turbine assembly share two anchoring structures to form two fourth shared anchoring structures, the remaining two anchoring structures in the fourth floating wind turbine assembly and the fifth floating wind turbine assembly form two second single-use anchoring structures, the floating wind turbine of the fourth floating wind turbine assembly, the floating wind turbine of the fifth floating wind turbine assembly and one of the fourth shared anchoring structures define a second equilateral triangle, and the floating wind turbine of the fourth floating wind turbine assembly, the floating wind turbine of the fifth floating wind turbine assembly and the other fourth shared anchoring structure define a third equilateral triangle.

[0019] In some embodiments, the floating wind turbine array includes multiple second array units, wherein the extension direction of the line connecting the floating wind turbine of the fourth floating wind turbine assembly and a fourth common anchoring structure is the third direction, and the direction parallel to or overlapping with the plane of the second equilateral triangle and perpendicular to the third direction is the fourth direction. In the third direction, the multiple second array units are staggered to form a zigzag line structure, and each second array unit shares two anchoring structures with an adjacent second array unit and shares two anchoring structures with another adjacent second array unit; in the fourth direction, the multiple second array units are arranged in sequence and two adjacent second array units share two anchoring structures.

[0020] In some embodiments, for an anchoring structure having multiple mooring cables, the first ends of the winding sections of the multiple mooring cables are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating member, the winding directions of the multiple mooring cable winding sections are the same, and the winding sections of the multiple mooring cables do not cross.

[0021] Using the technical solutions of the disclosed embodiments, an anchor rod is fixed within the seabed soil layer, capable of bearing tensile and uplift forces. A rotating member is rotatably mounted on the anchor rod. An elastic retainer is disposed between the anchor rod and the rotating member, applying a force to the rotating member to restrict its rotation relative to the anchor rod and maintain it in an initial position. A portion of the mooring cable is wound around the rotating member to form a winding section, while the remaining portion of the mooring cable is connected between the winding section and the floating wind turbine to form an extended section. When the floating wind turbine is not subjected to external forces such as impact loads from offshore waves, the rotating member remains in its initial position; when the floating wind turbine is subjected to external forces, the floating wind turbine moves and pulls the mooring cable. The pulling force of the mooring cable overcomes the force of the elastic retaining member, causing the rotating member to rotate forward and release the mooring cable, thereby shortening the length of the winding section and lengthening the extended section. The force of the elastic retaining member becomes greater and the extended section provides more gravity for buffering and restricting further movement of the floating wind turbine; when the external force disappears, under the action of the gravity of the longer extended section and the force of the elastic retaining member, the rotating member rotates in the opposite direction and causes the released mooring cable to be wound around the rotating member again, thereby lengthening the winding section and shortening the extended section, thereby pulling the floating wind turbine back to its original position. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the longer bottom-traveling section originally located on the seabed is wound around the rotating member. On the one hand, when the floating wind turbine is subjected to external forces and undergoes horizontal, vertical, and vertical swinging motions, the extended section can be extended to cooperate with the movement of the floating wind turbine, and the floating wind turbine can be pulled back to its original position after the external forces disappear. On the other hand, the overall length of the mooring cable projected on the seabed is greatly reduced, thereby enabling more floating wind turbines to be installed within a certain sea area using the anchoring structure of the embodiment of the present disclosure, thereby improving sea utilization efficiency and power generation efficiency. Therefore, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure can effectively solve the problem in the related art that the overall length of the mooring cable is long, which limits the number of floating wind turbine assemblies that can be arranged within a limited sea area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0022] The accompanying drawings, which constitute part of the present disclosure, are intended to provide a further understanding of the present disclosure. The exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure and their descriptions are intended to explain the present disclosure and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present disclosure. In the accompanying drawings:

[0023] FIG1 shows a simplified structural diagram of an embodiment of an anchoring structure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0024] FIG2 shows a simplified structural diagram of the anchoring structure of FIG1 with three mooring cables provided on the rotating member;

[0025] FIG3 shows a schematic perspective structural diagram of an embodiment of a floating wind turbine assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0026] FIG4 is a diagram showing a comparison of the mooring cable radius of the floating wind turbine assembly of FIG3 and the mooring cable radius in the related art;

[0027] FIG5 shows a simplified structural diagram of a first array unit of an embodiment of a floating wind turbine array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0028] FIG6 shows a simplified structural diagram of the first array unit of FIG5 arranged along a first direction;

[0029] FIG7 shows a simplified structural diagram of the first array unit of FIG5 arranged along the second direction;

[0030] FIG8 shows a simplified structural diagram of the first array unit of FIG5 arranged along the first direction and the second direction at the same time;

[0031] FIG9 shows a simplified structural diagram of a second array unit of an embodiment of a floating wind turbine array according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0032] FIG10 shows a simplified structural diagram of the second array unit of FIG9 arranged along the third direction and the fourth direction at the same time;

[0033] FIG. 11 shows a simplified structural diagram of the second array unit of FIG. 9 arranged along a third direction.

[0034] Among them, the above-mentioned drawings include the following figure marks: 10. Anchoring structure; 11. Anchoring rod; 12. Rotating member; 13. Elastic retaining member; 14. Mooring cable; 141. Winding section; 142. Extending section; 20. Floating wind turbine; 21. Floating foundation; 211. Floating column; 212. Connecting rod structure; 22. Wind turbine structure; 23. Tower; 100. First array unit; 101. First common anchoring structure; 102. Second common anchoring structure; 103. Third common anchoring structure; 104. First single-use anchoring structure; 200. Second array unit; 201. Fourth common anchoring structure; 202. Second single-use anchoring structure; A. First direction; B. Second direction; C. Third direction; D. Fourth direction. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present disclosure. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is actually only illustrative and is in no way intended to limit the present disclosure and its application or use. Based on the embodiments in the present disclosure, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

[0036] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present disclosure. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form. In addition, it should be understood that when the terms "comprise" and / or "include" are used in this specification, they indicate the presence of features, steps, operations, devices, components and / or combinations thereof.

[0037] Unless otherwise specifically stated, the relative arrangement of the parts and steps, numerical expressions and numerical values ​​set forth in these embodiments do not limit the scope of the present disclosure. At the same time, it should be understood that, for ease of description, the sizes of the various parts shown in the drawings are not drawn according to actual proportional relationships. The techniques, methods and equipment known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but in appropriate cases, the techniques, methods and equipment should be considered as part of the specification. In all examples shown and discussed here, any specific values ​​should be interpreted as being merely exemplary, rather than as limitations. Therefore, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values. It should be noted that similar numbers and letters represent similar items in the following figures, and therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further discussed in subsequent figures.

[0038] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, an embodiment of the first aspect of the present disclosure provides an anchoring structure. The anchoring structure of the embodiment of the present disclosure includes: an anchor rod 11, a rotating member 12, an elastic retaining member 13 and a mooring cable 14. Among them, the rotating member 12 is rotatably arranged on the anchor rod 11; the elastic retaining member 13 is arranged between the anchor rod 11 and the rotating member 12; the mooring cable 14 includes a winding section 141 and an extension section 142, the winding section 141 is wound around the outer periphery of the rotating member 12, the first end of the winding section 141 is fixedly connected to the rotating member 12, the first end of the extension section 142 is connected to the second end of the winding section 141, and the second end of the extension section 142 is connected to the floating wind turbine 20. When the rotating member 12 rotates, the extension section 142 is extended or shortened.

[0039] Using the technical solutions of the disclosed embodiments, an anchor rod 11 is fixed within the seabed soil layer, capable of bearing tension and uplift forces. A rotating member 12 is rotatably mounted on the anchor rod 11. An elastic retainer 13 is disposed between the anchor rod 11 and the rotating member 12, applying a force to the rotating member 12 to restrict rotation relative to the anchor rod 11 and maintain it in an initial position. A portion of the mooring cable 14 is wound around the rotating member 12 to form a winding section 141, while the remaining portion of the mooring cable 14 is connected between the winding section 141 and the floating wind turbine 20 to form an extension section 142. When the floating wind turbine 20 is not subjected to external forces such as impact loads from offshore waves, the rotating member 12 remains in its initial position. When the floating wind turbine 20 is subjected to external forces, the floating wind turbine 20 moves and pulls on the mooring cable 14. The pulling force of the mooring cable 14 overcomes the force of the elastic retaining member 13, causing the rotating member 12 to rotate forward and release the mooring cable 14, thereby shortening the length of the winding section 141 and lengthening the length of the extended section 142. The force of the elastic retaining member 13 increases, and the extended section 142 provides more gravity to buffer and limit further movement of the floating wind turbine 20. When the external force disappears, under the action of the gravity of the longer extended section 142 and the force of the elastic retaining member 13, the rotating member 12 rotates in the opposite direction and causes the released mooring cable 14 to be rewound around the rotating member 12, causing the length of the winding section 141 to lengthen and the length of the extended section 142 to shorten, thereby pulling the floating wind turbine 20 back to its original position. In the embodiment of the present disclosure, the longer bottom-traveling section originally located on the seabed is wound around the rotating member 12. On the one hand, when the floating wind turbine 20 is subjected to lateral, longitudinal, and vertical swinging movements by external forces, the extended section 142 can be extended to cooperate with the movement of the floating wind turbine 20, and the floating wind turbine 20 can be pulled back to its original position after the external force disappears. On the other hand, the overall length of the mooring cable 14 projected on the seabed is greatly reduced, thereby enabling more floating wind turbines 20 to be installed within a certain sea area using the anchoring structure of the embodiment of the present disclosure, thereby improving sea utilization efficiency and power generation efficiency. Therefore, the technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure can effectively solve the problem in the related art that the overall length of the mooring cable is long, which limits the number of floating wind turbine assemblies that can be arranged within a limited sea area.

[0040] It should be noted that the aforementioned "forward rotation of the rotating member 12" refers to the rotation of the rotating member 12 in the direction of releasing the mooring line 14, and the aforementioned "reverse rotation of the rotating member 12" refers to the rotation of the rotating member 12 in the direction of retracting the mooring line 14. For example, as shown in FIG1 , if the rotating member 12 rotates clockwise to release the mooring line, the clockwise direction is the forward direction; if the rotating member 12 rotates counterclockwise to retract the mooring line 14, the counterclockwise direction is the reverse direction.

[0041] As shown in Figure 1, the rotating member 12 is a sleeve that is sleeved outside the anchor rod 11. The sleeve can protect the elastic retaining member 13 on the one hand, and can be wound around a longer mooring line 14 on the other hand to reduce the overall length of the mooring line 14 projected on the seabed.

[0042] As shown in Figure 1, the elastic retaining member 13 is a spring, which is sleeved outside the anchor rod 11. The first end of the spring is connected to the outer wall of the anchor rod 11, and the second end of the spring is connected to the inner wall of the sleeve. Using a spring as the elastic retaining member 13 has the advantage of simple structure.

[0043] As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , in the embodiment of the present disclosure, the mooring line 14 is an anchor chain structure.

[0044] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, a second embodiment of the present disclosure provides a floating wind turbine assembly. The floating wind turbine assembly of the present disclosure includes a floating wind turbine 20 and an anchoring structure 10 connected to the floating wind turbine 20. The anchoring structure 10 is the anchoring structure 10 of any of the first embodiments described above. When the floating wind turbine 20 is subjected to an external force, the floating wind turbine 20 pulls the mooring line 14, causing the rotating member 12 to rotate forward and the extended section 142 to extend. When the external force on the floating wind turbine 20 disappears, the elastic retaining member 13 applies a restoring force to the rotating member 12, causing the rotating member 12 to rotate backward and the extended section 142 to shorten. The anchoring structure 10 of any of the first embodiments described above can effectively solve the problem in the related art that the overall length of the mooring line is long, which limits the number of floating wind turbine assemblies that can be deployed within a limited sea area. The floating wind turbine assembly having the anchoring structure 10 of any of the first embodiments described above also has the aforementioned advantages.

[0045] As shown in Figure 3, the floating wind turbine 20 includes a floating foundation 21 and a wind turbine structure 22 arranged on the floating foundation 21. The floating foundation 21 includes a plurality of floating columns 211 and a connecting rod structure 212 connecting the plurality of floating columns 211. The floating wind turbine assembly includes a plurality of anchoring structures 10 corresponding one-to-one to the plurality of floating columns 211. The protruding section 142 of each anchoring structure 10 is connected to the corresponding floating column 211.

[0046] As shown in Figure 3, the floating wind turbine 20 also includes a tower 23 arranged between the wind turbine structure 22 and a floating column 211 of the floating foundation 21. The tower 23 is rotatably arranged relative to the floating column 211, so that when the ambient wind direction changes, the windward direction of the wind turbine structure 22 can be adjusted accordingly to improve the utilization rate of wind energy for power generation.

[0047] As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the floating foundation 21 includes three buoyant columns 211, and the floating wind turbine assembly includes three anchoring structures 10. The three buoyant columns 211 define a first equilateral triangle. The angle between the line connecting one anchoring structure 10 and the center of the floating wind turbine 20 and the line connecting the center of the adjacent anchoring structure 10 and the center of the floating wind turbine 20 is 120°. The lengths of the lines connecting the centers of the multiple anchoring structures 10 and the floating wind turbine 20 are the same. The three buoyant columns 211 define a first equilateral triangle, and the three anchoring structures 10 are connected to the three buoyant columns 211 in a one-to-one correspondence. The anchor rods 11 of the three anchoring structures 10 are also arranged in an equilateral triangle. This facilitates the arrangement of multiple floating wind turbine assemblies to form a floating wind turbine array.

[0048] FIG4 shows a comparison of the mooring cable radius of a floating wind turbine assembly according to an embodiment of the present disclosure and that of a mooring cable in the related art. Taking the example of three anchoring structures evenly arranged around the periphery of each floating wind turbine, the application of the anchoring structures according to the present disclosure can shorten the mooring cable radius r (the radius of the mooring cable is the radius of the circle containing the three anchor rods 11 of the three anchoring structures) to within 40% of the mooring cable radius R in the related art (from the original 1000m to approximately 400m), thus reducing the length by more than 60%. If only one floating wind turbine is placed within the mooring radius, the sea area used can be reduced by 1-0.4*0.4=84%. Using the floating wind turbine assembly according to the present disclosure allows more floating wind turbines 20 to be installed within a given sea area, thereby improving sea utilization efficiency and power generation efficiency.

[0049] As shown in Figures 5 to 11, a third aspect of the present disclosure provides a floating wind turbine array. The floating wind turbine array of this embodiment includes a plurality of floating wind turbine assemblies, wherein the floating wind turbine assemblies are any of the aforementioned second aspect embodiments. The floating wind turbine assemblies of any of the aforementioned second aspect embodiments effectively address the related art issue of the long overall length of the mooring cables, which limits the number of floating wind turbine assemblies that can be deployed within a limited sea area. A floating wind turbine array comprising the floating wind turbine assemblies of any of the aforementioned second aspect embodiments also possesses the aforementioned advantages.

[0050] Specifically, two basic array units are provided in the embodiments of the present disclosure. It can be understood that when arranging the various floating wind turbine components in the floating wind turbine array, the basic array unit can be used as the smallest unit, and a large floating wind turbine array can be formed by arranging and combining the array units.

[0051] 5 to 8 show a simplified structural diagram of a first array unit 100 and a plurality of first array units 100 provided by an embodiment of the present disclosure after arrangement and combination. The floating wind turbine array includes at least one first array unit 100, the first array unit 100 includes three floating wind turbine assemblies, the three floating wind turbine assemblies include a first floating wind turbine assembly, a second floating wind turbine assembly, and a third floating wind turbine assembly. The first floating wind turbine assembly is located between the second floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly. The first floating wind turbine assembly, the second floating wind turbine assembly, and the third floating wind turbine assembly share an anchoring structure 10. The anchoring structure 10 shared by the first floating wind turbine assembly, the second floating wind turbine assembly, and the third floating wind turbine assembly forms a first common anchoring structure 101 (i.e., one anchoring structure 10 with three mooring cables 14 replaces the original three anchoring structures 10 with one mooring cable 14). The first floating wind turbine assembly and the second floating wind turbine assembly share an anchoring structure 10. The first floating wind turbine assembly and the second floating wind turbine assembly share an anchoring structure 10. The anchoring structure 10 shared by the first floating wind turbine assembly and the second floating wind turbine assembly forms a second shared anchoring structure 102, the first floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly share one anchoring structure 10, the anchoring structure 10 shared by the first floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly forms a third shared anchoring structure 103, the remaining two anchoring structures 10 in the second floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly form two first single-use anchoring structures 104, the floating wind turbine 20 of the first floating wind turbine assembly, the floating wind turbine 20 of the second floating wind turbine assembly, the first shared anchoring structure 101 and the second shared anchoring structure 102 define a first parallelogram structure, and the floating wind turbine 20 of the first floating wind turbine assembly, the floating wind turbine 20 of the third floating wind turbine assembly, the first shared anchoring structure 101 and the third shared anchoring structure 103 define a second parallelogram structure.

[0052] In the first array unit 100, three floating wind turbine assemblies are arranged and each two adjacent floating wind turbine assemblies share two anchoring structures 10. Specifically, the first floating wind turbine assembly (i.e., the floating wind turbine assembly located in the middle in FIG5 ) and the second floating wind turbine assembly (i.e., the floating wind turbine assembly located at the top in FIG5 ) share the first common anchoring structure 101 and the second common anchoring structure 102, and the first floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly (i.e., the floating wind turbine assembly located at the bottom in FIG5 ) share the first common anchoring structure 101 and the third common anchoring structure 103. As a result, the sea area used by the two adjacent floating wind turbine assemblies (the sea area referred to here refers to the area of ​​the circle within which the three anchor rods 11 of the three anchoring structures of a floating wind turbine assembly are located) has a large overlap, further improving the sea utilization efficiency and power generation efficiency of the floating wind turbine array according to the embodiment of the present disclosure. In addition, by arranging the three floating wind turbine assemblies in the manner of the first array unit 100 to form a basic array unit, it is convenient for workers to use the basic array unit arrangement and combination to expand the floating wind turbine array.

[0053] The following is a specific description of the method of expanding the floating wind turbine array using multiple first array units 100. As shown in Figures 6 to 8, the extension direction of the line connecting the floating wind turbine 20 of the first floating wind turbine assembly and the first common anchoring structure 101 is taken as the first direction A (i.e., the lateral direction in Figures 6 to 8), and the direction parallel to or overlapping with the surface of the second parallelogram structure and perpendicular to the first direction A is taken as the second direction B (i.e., the vertical direction in Figures 6 to 8). In the first direction A, two adjacent first array units 100 are symmetrically arranged and share all anchoring structures 10 on the symmetry line; in the second direction B, multiple first array units 100 are arranged in sequence, and two adjacent first array units 100 share one anchoring structure 10.

[0054] FIG6 shows an array arrangement including three first array units 100 arranged along a first direction A, wherein the leftmost and rightmost first array units 100 are framed by a trapezoidal frame to facilitate distinguishing between the first array units 100, wherein the first array unit 100 on the left and the first array unit in the middle are symmetrically arranged with the short side of the parallel sides of the left trapezoidal frame as the symmetry line, and the two second common anchoring structures 102 of the two first array units 100 further share one anchoring structure 10 (i.e., one anchoring structure 10 with four mooring cables 14 is used to replace the two anchoring structures with two mooring cables 14 respectively), and the two third common anchoring structures 103 of the two first array units 100 further share one anchoring structure 10; The first array unit 100 and the middle first array unit are symmetrically arranged with the long side of the parallel side of the trapezoidal frame on the right as the symmetry line, and the two first shared anchoring structures 101 of the two first array units 100 further share one anchoring structure 10 (i.e., one anchoring structure 10 with six mooring cables 14 replaces the two first shared anchoring structures 101 with three mooring cables 14), and the two groups of first single-use anchoring structures 104 of the two first array units 100 respectively share two anchoring structures 10 (i.e., one anchoring structure with two mooring cables 14 replaces the two first single-use anchoring structures 104 located above, and one anchoring structure with two mooring cables 14 replaces the two first single-use anchoring structures 104 located above).

[0055] The array shown in FIG7 includes two first array units 100 arranged along the second direction B, wherein the two first array units 100 are respectively framed by trapezoidal frames to facilitate distinguishing the respective first array units 100 , and wherein two adjacent first single-use anchoring structures 104 in the two first array units 100 share one anchoring structure 10.

[0056] FIG8 shows a simplified structural diagram of the first array units 100 arranged simultaneously along the first direction and the second direction, wherein the arrangement of each row of the first array units 100 is the same as that in FIG6 , and the arrangement of each column of the first array units 100 is the same as that in FIG7 , which will not be repeated.

[0057] The technical solution of the embodiment of the present disclosure not only improves the efficiency of sea use, but also reduces the number of required anchoring structures 10. As shown in Figure 8, if the arrangement of the first array unit 100 in the embodiment of the present disclosure is not adopted to share the anchoring structure 10, according to the related art, each floating wind turbine is connected to three anchoring structures, and a total of 108 anchoring structures are required for 36 floating wind turbines; by adopting the arrangement of the embodiment of the present disclosure, 36 floating wind turbines 20 only require 32 anchoring structures 10, and the number of anchoring structures is reduced by 70%, which greatly reduces the arrangement cost of the floating wind turbine array.

[0058] Figures 9 to 11 illustrate schematic structural diagrams of a second array unit 200 and a plurality of second array units 200 arranged and assembled according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. The second array unit 200 includes two floating wind turbine assemblies, each comprising a fourth floating wind turbine assembly and a fifth floating wind turbine assembly. The fourth and fifth floating wind turbine assemblies share two anchoring structures 10, forming two fourth shared anchoring structures 201. The remaining two anchoring structures 10 in the fourth and fifth floating wind turbine assemblies form two second single-use anchoring structures 202. The floating wind turbines 20 of the fourth and fifth floating wind turbine assemblies, 20, and one of the fourth shared anchoring structures 201 define a second equilateral triangle, and the floating wind turbines 20 of the fourth and fifth floating wind turbine assemblies, 20 and another of the fourth shared anchoring structures 201 define a third equilateral triangle.

[0059] In the second array unit 200, two floating wind turbine assemblies share two anchoring structures 10. Specifically, the fourth floating wind turbine assembly (i.e., the upper floating wind turbine assembly in FIG9 ) and the fifth floating wind turbine assembly (i.e., the lower floating wind turbine assembly in FIG9 ) share two fourth shared anchoring structures 201. This allows the sea area used by the two floating wind turbine assemblies (the sea area referred to herein refers to the area of ​​the circle encompassing the three anchor rods 11 of the three anchoring structures of a floating wind turbine assembly) to overlap significantly, further improving the sea efficiency and power generation efficiency of the floating wind turbine array of the disclosed embodiment. Furthermore, by arranging the two floating wind turbine assemblies in the manner of the second array unit 200 to form a basic array unit, it is convenient for personnel to use the base array unit arrangement and combination to expand the floating wind turbine array.

[0060] The following specifically describes a method for expanding a floating wind turbine array using multiple second array units 200. As shown in Figures 9 to 11, the extension direction of the line connecting the floating wind turbine 20 of the fourth floating wind turbine assembly and a fourth common anchoring structure 201 is the third direction C (i.e., the lateral direction in Figures 10 and 11). The direction parallel to or overlapping with the plane of the second equilateral triangle and perpendicular to the third direction C is the fourth direction D (i.e., the vertical direction in Figures 10 and 11). In the third direction C, the multiple second array units 200 are staggered to form a zigzag line structure. Each second array unit 200 shares two anchoring structures 10 with an adjacent second array unit 200 and shares two anchoring structures 10 with another adjacent second array unit 200. In the fourth direction D, the multiple second array units 200 are arranged sequentially, and two adjacent second array units 200 share two anchoring structures 10.

[0061] The array arrangement shown in FIG11 includes six second array units 200 arranged along a third direction C, wherein an odd number of second array units 200 from left to right are framed by diamond frames to facilitate identification of the individual second array units 200, wherein a plurality of second array units 200 are staggeredly arranged to form a zigzag line structure (the zigzag line structure herein refers to a zigzag line structure in which the centers of the second array units 200 are sequentially connected by straight lines). The two fourth shared anchoring structures 201 of the first second array unit 200 from the left and the second second array unit 200 from the left further share one anchoring structure 10 (i.e., one anchoring structure 10 having four mooring cables 14 replaces two anchoring structures each having two mooring cables 14); the fourth shared anchoring structure 201 of the second second array unit 200 from the left and the second single-use anchoring structure 202 of the third second array unit 200 from the left further share one anchoring structure 10 (i.e., one anchoring structure 10 having three mooring cables 14 replaces the fourth shared anchoring structure 201 and the second single-use anchoring structure 202).

[0062] The leftmost side of FIG10 shows a second array unit 200 including three arranged along a fourth direction D, wherein the uppermost and lowermost second array units 200 are framed with diamonds to facilitate identification of the respective second array units 200. The fourth common anchoring structure 201 of the upper second array unit 200 and the second single-use anchoring structure 202 of the lower second array unit 200 further share an anchoring structure 10.

[0063] FIG10 shows a simplified structural diagram of the second array units 200 arranged simultaneously along the third direction C and the fourth direction D, wherein the arrangement of each row of the second array units 200 is the same as that in FIG11 , and the arrangement of each column of the second array units 200 is the same as that of the first column of the second array units 200 in FIG10 , which will not be further described.

[0064] Of course, the two basic array units (first array unit 100 and second array unit 200) proposed in the embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to use alone, and designers can combine the two basic array units as needed. For example, three second array units 200 in Figure 9 can be rotated at a certain angle and placed in the three hexagonal gaps in the middle of Figure 8 to further improve the sea utilization efficiency and power generation efficiency of the floating wind turbine array.

[0065] As shown in FIG2 , for an anchoring structure 10 having a plurality of mooring cables 14 , the first ends of the winding sections 141 of the plurality of mooring cables 14 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating member 12 , the winding directions of the winding sections 141 of the plurality of mooring cables 14 are the same, and the winding sections 141 of the plurality of mooring cables 14 do not cross each other. For the anchoring structure 10 shared by multiple floating wind turbine assemblies in the floating wind turbine array, multiple mooring cables 14 are arranged on it, so that the first ends of the winding sections 141 of the multiple mooring cables 14 are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating member 12, so that the force on the overall structure composed of the anchor rod 11, the rotating member 12 and the elastic retaining member 13 is more balanced; the winding directions of the winding sections 141 of the multiple mooring cables 14 are the same and the winding sections 141 of the multiple mooring cables 14 do not cross, so that when the floating wind turbines 20 connected to some of the mooring cables 14 are subjected to external forces, the rotating member 12 can also rotate smoothly to release the mooring cables 14, thereby avoiding the tension between the multiple mooring cables 14 from being offset and restricting the rotation of the rotating member 12, which may cause the floating wind turbines 20 subjected to external forces to be damaged or the mooring cables 14 connected to the floating wind turbines 20 subjected to external forces to be damaged.

[0066] It should be noted that, depending on the number of mooring cables 14 included in the anchoring structure 10, the structural parameters of the anchoring structure 10 will be different to a certain extent, but the structural composition and the arrangement relationship of the various parts are the same. Specifically, as the number of mooring cables 14 included in the anchoring structure 10 increases, the maximum torque that the elastic retainer 13 needs to provide increases proportionally. Generally, one mooring cable 14 requires a torque of about 800KN to 1200KN. The elastic retainer 13 of the anchoring structure 10 with n mooring cables 14 needs to provide a torque of n×(800~1200)KN. At the same time, as the number of mooring cables 14 included in the anchoring structure 10 increases, the outer diameter of the sleeve also needs to increase accordingly. Assuming that the outer diameter of the sleeve of the anchoring structure 10 containing one mooring cable 14 is D, the outer diameter of the sleeve of the anchoring structure 10 containing two mooring cables 14 is 2 (1 / 2) D. The outer diameter of the sleeve of the anchoring structure 10 containing three mooring lines 14 is 3 (1 / 2) D. The outer diameter of the sleeve of the anchoring structure 10 containing four mooring lines 14 is 4 (1 / 2) D ... the outer diameter of the sleeve of the anchoring structure 10 containing n mooring lines 14 is n (1 / 2) D.

[0067] In the description of the present disclosure, it should be understood that the directions or positional relationships indicated by directional words such as "front, back, up, down, left, right", "horizontal, vertical, perpendicular, horizontal" and "top, bottom" are usually based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present disclosure and simplifying the description. Unless otherwise specified, these directional words do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific direction or be constructed and operated in a specific direction. Therefore, they cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of the present disclosure; the directional words "inside and outside" refer to the inside and outside relative to the outline of each component itself.

[0068] For ease of description, spatially relative terms such as "above", "above", "on the upper surface of", "above", etc. may be used herein to describe the spatial positional relationship of a device or feature to other devices or features as shown in the figures. It should be understood that spatially relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation in addition to the orientation described in the figures. For example, if the device in the drawings is inverted, the device described as "above other devices or structures" or "above other devices or structures" will be positioned as "below other devices or structures" or "below other devices or structures". Thus, the exemplary term "above" can include both "above" and "below". The device can also be positioned in other different ways (rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), and the spatially relative descriptions used here are interpreted accordingly.

[0069] In addition, it should be noted that the use of words such as "first" and "second" to limit components is only for the convenience of distinguishing the corresponding components. Unless otherwise stated, the above words have no special meaning and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the scope of protection of this disclosure.

[0070] The foregoing description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present disclosure and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present disclosure shall be included within the scope of protection of the present disclosure.

Claims

1. An anchoring structure, characterized in that: include: Anchor rod (11); A rotating member (12) rotatably arranged on the anchor rod (11); an elastic retaining member (13) disposed between the anchor rod (11) and the rotating member (12); A mooring cable (14) comprises a winding section (141) and an extension section (142), wherein the winding section (141) is wound around the outer periphery of the rotating member (12), a first end of the winding section (141) is fixedly connected to the rotating member (12), a first end of the extension section (142) is connected to the second end of the winding section (141), and a second end of the extension section (142) is connected to a floating wind turbine (20), and when the rotating member (12) rotates, the extension section (142) is extended or shortened.

2. The anchoring structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating member (12) is a sleeve sleeved outside the anchor rod (11).

3. The anchoring structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The elastic retaining member (13) is a spring, which is sleeved outside the anchor rod (11), with a first end of the spring connected to the outer wall of the anchor rod (11) and a second end of the spring connected to the inner wall of the sleeve.

4. A floating wind turbine assembly, comprising a floating wind turbine (20) and an anchoring structure (10) connected to the floating wind turbine (20), characterized in that: The anchoring structure (10) is the anchoring structure (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3. When the floating wind turbine (20) is subjected to an external force, the floating wind turbine (20) pulls the mooring cable (14) so that the rotating member (12) rotates in the forward direction and the extending section (142) is extended. When the external force applied to the floating wind turbine (20) disappears, the elastic retaining member (13) applies a reset force to the rotating member (12) so that the rotating member (12) rotates in the reverse direction and the extending section (142) is shortened.

5. The floating wind turbine assembly according to claim 4, characterized in that: The floating wind turbine (20) comprises a floating foundation (21) and a wind turbine structure (22) arranged on the floating foundation (21); the floating foundation (21) comprises a plurality of floating columns (211) and a connecting rod structure (212) connecting the plurality of floating columns (211); the floating wind turbine assembly comprises a plurality of anchoring structures (10) corresponding one-to-one to the plurality of floating columns (211); the extending section (142) of each anchoring structure (10) is connected to the corresponding floating column (211).

6. The floating wind turbine assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The floating foundation (21) includes three floating columns (211), and the floating wind turbine assembly includes three anchoring structures (10). The three floating columns (211) define a first equilateral triangle, wherein the angle between a line connecting one of the anchoring structures (10) and the center of the floating wind turbine (20) and a line connecting an adjacent anchoring structure (10) and the center of the floating wind turbine (20) is 120°, and the lengths of the lines connecting the centers of the plurality of anchoring structures (10) and the floating wind turbine (20) are the same.

7. A floating wind turbine array, comprising a plurality of floating wind turbine assemblies, characterized in that: The floating wind turbine assembly is the floating wind turbine assembly according to claim 6.

8. The floating wind turbine array according to claim 7, characterized in that: The floating wind turbine array comprises at least one first array unit (100), the first array unit (100) comprises three floating wind turbine assemblies, the three floating wind turbine assemblies comprise a first floating wind turbine assembly, a second floating wind turbine assembly and a third floating wind turbine assembly, the first floating wind turbine assembly is located between the second floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly, the first floating wind turbine assembly, the second floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly share one anchoring structure (10), the anchoring structure (10) shared by the first floating wind turbine assembly, the second floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly forms a first common anchoring structure (101), the first floating wind turbine assembly and the second floating wind turbine assembly share one anchoring structure (10), the anchoring structure (10) shared by the first floating wind turbine assembly and the second floating wind turbine assembly forms a second common anchoring structure ( 102), the first floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly share one anchoring structure (10), the anchoring structure (10) shared by the first floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly forms a third shared anchoring structure (103), the remaining two anchoring structures (10) in the second floating wind turbine assembly and the third floating wind turbine assembly form two first single-use anchoring structures (104), the floating wind turbine (20) of the first floating wind turbine assembly, the floating wind turbine (20) of the second floating wind turbine assembly, the first shared anchoring structure (101) and the second shared anchoring structure (102) define a first parallelogram structure, and the floating wind turbine (20) of the first floating wind turbine assembly, the floating wind turbine (20) of the third floating wind turbine assembly, the first shared anchoring structure (101) and the third shared anchoring structure (103) define a second parallelogram structure.

9. The floating wind turbine array according to claim 8, characterized in that: The floating wind turbine array comprises a plurality of the first array units (100), wherein the extending direction of the line connecting the floating wind turbine (20) of the first floating wind turbine assembly and the first common anchoring structure (101) is a first direction (A), and the direction parallel to or overlapping with the surface of the second parallelogram structure and perpendicular to the first direction (A) is a second direction (B). In the first direction (A), two adjacent first array units (100) are symmetrically arranged and share all the anchoring structures (10) on the symmetry line; In the second direction (B), a plurality of the first array units (100) are arranged in sequence, and two adjacently arranged first array units (100) share one anchoring structure (10).

10. The floating wind turbine array according to any one of claims 7 to 9, characterized in that: The floating wind turbine array comprises at least one second array unit (200), the second array unit (200) comprises two floating wind turbine assemblies, the two floating wind turbine assemblies comprise a fourth floating wind turbine assembly and a fifth floating wind turbine assembly, the fourth floating wind turbine assembly and the fifth floating wind turbine assembly share two anchoring structures (10), the fourth floating wind turbine assembly and the fifth floating wind turbine assembly share two anchoring structures (10) to form two fourth shared anchoring structures (201), the fourth floating wind turbine assembly and the fifth floating wind turbine assembly share two anchoring structures (10) to form two fourth shared anchoring structures (201), The remaining two anchoring structures (10) in the floating wind turbine assembly form two second single-use anchoring structures (202); the floating wind turbine (20) of the fourth floating wind turbine assembly, the floating wind turbine (20) of the fifth floating wind turbine assembly and one of the fourth common anchoring structures (201) define a second equilateral triangle; the floating wind turbine (20) of the fourth floating wind turbine assembly, the floating wind turbine (20) of the fifth floating wind turbine assembly and another of the fourth common anchoring structures (201) define a third equilateral triangle.

11. The floating wind turbine array according to claim 10, characterized in that: The floating wind turbine array comprises a plurality of the second array units (200), wherein the extending direction of the line connecting the floating wind turbine (20) of the fourth floating wind turbine assembly and one of the fourth common anchoring structures (201) is a third direction (C), and a direction parallel to or coinciding with the plane of the second equilateral triangle and perpendicular to the third direction (C) is a fourth direction (D). In the third direction (C), a plurality of the second array units (200) are staggered and arranged to form a zigzag line structure, and each of the second array units (200) shares two of the anchoring structures (10) with an adjacent second array unit (200), and shares two of the anchoring structures (10) with another adjacent second array unit (200); In the fourth direction (D), a plurality of the second array units (200) are arranged in sequence, and two adjacently arranged second array units (200) share two of the anchoring structures (10).

12. The floating wind turbine array according to any one of claims 7 to 11, characterized in that: For the anchoring structure (10) having a plurality of mooring cables (14), the first ends of the winding sections (141) of the plurality of mooring cables (14) are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the rotating member (12), the winding directions of the winding sections (141) of the plurality of mooring cables (14) are the same, and the winding sections (141) of the plurality of mooring cables (14) do not cross.

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