Phosphogypsum short columns reinforced with basalt fiber and carbon fiber composite bars

Abstract

This invention relates to an axial compressive reinforcement system for phosphogypsum short columns aimed at enhancing compressive performance and durability, especially in corrosive environments and demanding structural applications. The system employs a combination of basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) and carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composite bars, along with steel- FRP composite bars (SFCBs), to significantly improve load-bearing capacity, ductility, and resistance to failure.

Description

[0001] PHOSPHOGYPSUM SHORT COLUMNS REINFORCED WITH BASALT FIBER AND CARBON FIBER COMPOSITE BARS

[0002] Field of the Invention

[0003] The field of this invention lies within structural engineering and materials science, with a specific focus on reinforcement systems designed to improve the axial compressive performance and durability of phosphogypsum short columns. This invention addresses the challenges of reinforcing phosphogypsum — an eco-friendly but structurally limited material — by integrating basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP), carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP), and steel-FRP composite bars (SFCB).

[0004] Operating at the intersection of sustainable construction, civil engineering, and corrosion-resistant material technology, this invention provides a robust solution for enhancing load-bearing capacity, structural resilience, and longevity in corrosive environments. The reinforcement system is versatile and suitable for a range of applications, from residential and commercial buildings to infrastructure projects, ultimately contributing to safer and more durable construction practices.

[0005] Prior Art

[0006] In the field of structural reinforcement for sustainable materials, the study

[0001] highlights the critical role of confinement stress in enhancing structural integrity under axial loads.; however, our Phosphogypsum Reinforcement System Using Basalt and Carbon Fiber Composite Bars demonstrates clear superiority in compressive strength, durability, and adaptability for modern construction applications.

[0007] Patent US8906156B2 presents a cementitious composition reinforced with various materials for eco-friendly and durable construction applications. While it achieves environmental benefits through carbon dioxide sequestration and enhanced chloride resistance, it does not address the structural limitations of phosphogypsum-based columns. Our invention combines basalt fiber, carbon fiber, and steel-FRP composite bars specifically to increase compressive strength and ductility in corrosive environments, optimizing structural resilience for diverse construction needs. Patent CN106567457B describes an energy-dissipation beam-column node designed for steel structures, utilizing components such as T-connectors and viscous friction dampers to absorb shocks and dissipate energy effectively. While effective in its specific application, it is primarily used within particular structural connections in steel frameworks. Our patent, on the other hand, applies fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites in reinforcing phosphogypsum short columns with basalt and carbon fiber bars, significantly enhancing compressive strength and structural durability. This technique extends the usability of phosphogypsum in construction, offering a sustainable reinforcement solution suitable for various building applications.

[0008] Patent CN106567457B describes an energy-dissipation beam-column node designed for steel structures, utilizing components such as T-connectors and viscous friction dampers to absorb shocks and dissipate energy effectively. While effective in its specific application, it is primarily used within particular structural connections in steel frameworks. Our patent, however, applies fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) composites to reinforce phosphogypsum short columns with basalt and carbon fiber bars, significantly enhancing compressive strength and structural durability. This approach expands the usability of phosphogypsum in construction, providing a sustainable reinforcement solution adaptable to various building applications.

[0009] Patent CN106567457B describes a double-steel tube concrete beam-column joint with internal fiber reinforced polymer (FRP) bar connectors. This design includes internal and external steel tubes, I-beams, a joint connector, and FRP bar connectors to enhance joint and load-bearing capacity. The double-steel tube structure offers improved strength and durability in concrete beam-column connections. Our patent similarly uses fiber-reinforced polymer (FRP) materials but applies them to phosphogypsum short columns reinforced with basalt and carbon fiber bars. This approach significantly enhances the compressive performance and structural resilience of phosphogypsum-based columns, offering a sustainable reinfo stability rcement solution suitable for a wide range of building applications.

[0010] Patent US8906156B2 provides a cementitious composition reinforced with materials like vaterite and fiber-reinforced polymers, enhancing concrete’s strength and environmental sustainability through carbon dioxide sequestration. In contrast, our patent advances the structural capabilities of phosphogypsum short columns by reinforcing them with basalt and carbon fiber composite bars. This unique configuration significantly boosts the axial compressive strength, ductility, and resilience of phosphogypsum, addressing its traditional limitations in load-bearing applications. By transforming phosphogypsum into a durable, eco-friendly construction material, our patent opens new possibilities for sustainable building practices while expanding the use of recyclable materials in structural engineering.

[0011] Patent US8906156B2 discloses a cementitious composition that enhances the strength and durability of concrete by incorporating a metastable component, such as vaterite or amorphous calcium carbonate, combined with various reinforcing materials like metals, polymers, and fiber-reinforced composites. This approach not only improves compressive and tensile strength but also integrates carbon dioxide sequestration, creating an environmentally friendly solution. Our patent, in contrast, reinforces phosphogypsum short columns with basalt and carbon fiber composite bars, specifically targeting the improvement of compressive strength, ductility, and resilience in phosphogypsum. By transforming phosphogypsum into a robust, loadbearing material, our patent offers a sustainable construction solution that broadens the usability of recyclable materials in structural engineering.

[0012] The proposed Phosphogypsum Reinforcement System stands out for its innovative use of basalt and carbon fiber composite bars, providing a comprehensive and adaptable solution for enhancing the compressive strength and durability of phosphogypsum columns across diverse construction applications. Unlike existing patents that often focus on traditional reinforcement materials, our system transforms phosphogypsum into a high-performance, sustainable building material, ensuring long-term structural resilience and eco-friendly benefits in modern infrastructure.

[0013] Description

[0014] Given the increasing demand for sustainable construction materials and the structural limitations of phosphogypsum in load-bearing applications, modern reinforcement solutions are essential for enhancing the performance and durability of phosphogypsum-based structures. The Axial Compressive Performance and Prediction System for Phosphogypsum Short Columns Reinforced with Basalt Fiber and Carbon Fiber Composite Bars described in this patent introduces an innovative approach specifically designed to improve the load-bearing capacity and structural resilience of phosphogypsum columns in various construction environments. By incorporating basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP), carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP), and steel-FRP composite bars (SFCB), this system effectively enhances axial compressive strength, ductility, and resistance to common failure modes such as cracking, peeling, and spalling.

[0015] Traditional reinforcement systems for phosphogypsum structures face challenges related to rapid corrosion and limited tensile strength, particularly in acidic or moisture- prone environments. This invention addresses these limitations by integrating the corrosion-resistant properties of BFRP and CFRP with the high ductility of SFCBs. This hybrid design optimally distributes stress within the column, enabling superior load management, delayed failure onset, and improved resistance to cracking, peeling, and spalling.

[0016] This invention is particularly relevant as urban development drives the need for eco- friendly and structurally robust materials. Traditional phosphogypsum-based systems often face challenges with brittleness and susceptibility to corrosion, limiting their suitability for demanding structural applications. The advanced reinforcement system introduced here provides a more resilient solution by leveraging the corrosionresistant properties of BFRP and CFRP, alongside the high ductility of SFCBs. This combination results in optimal load distribution and improved structural integrity, particularly in corrosive and high-stress environments.

[0017] Designed to integrate seamlessly into both new constructions and existing structures, the system is a scalable solution suitable for a wide range of applications, including residential buildings, commercial complexes, and infrastructure projects. Its innovative hybrid design provides tailored reinforcement configurations based on specific load-bearing requirements, ensuring effective performance across diverse construction scenarios.

[0018] This adaptability distinguishes the system from traditional reinforcement methods, marking it as a significant advancement in sustainable and resilient construction materials. By addressing the challenges of load-bearing capacity and durability, this invention offers cities a robust, forward-thinking approach to building safer, longer- lasting structures, thereby contributing to the sustainable growth and resilience of urban infrastructure.

[0019] The Phosphogypsum Reinforcement System Using Basalt and Carbon Fiber Composite Bars represents an innovative solution to enhance the compressive performance and durability of phosphogypsum columns, addressing a critical need for sustainable and resilient building materials in modern construction. This system integrates basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP), carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP), and steel-FRP composite bars (SFCB) to significantly improve the loadbearing capacity and structural resilience of phosphogypsum short columns, making them viable for demanding construction applications.

[0020] This reinforcement method capitalizes on the unique properties of BFRP and CFRP, such as high strength-to-weight ratio, corrosion resistance, and enhanced ductility, which are essential for maintaining the integrity of phosphogypsum in corrosive and high-stress environments. Additionally, the inclusion of steel-FRP composite bars adds further ductility and robustness, effectively addressing traditional weaknesses in phosphogypsum, including susceptibility to cracking, peeling, and spalling.

[0021] The system's reinforcement configurations — adaptable in fiber type, stirrup spacing, and longitudinal reinforcement — allow for tailored compressive strength adjustments, enhancing structural integrity by up to 278%, depending on the specific configuration. This flexibility substantially lowers the risk of premature structural failure. Applicable across various construction sectors, including residential, commercial, and infrastructure projects, this reinforcement system can be seamlessly integrated into both new constructions and retrofitting projects, providing a scalable and effective solution for the use of phosphogypsum in structural engineering applications. Designed for seamless integration into both new and existing structures, the Phosphogypsum Reinforcement System is versatile and scalable, suitable for applications across a range of building types, from residential to commercial infrastructure projects. Unlike conventional reinforcement techniques, which often rely on traditional materials and single-mode reinforcement, this system provides a hybrid configuration that optimizes load distribution and enhances the overall stability and lifespan of phosphogypsum columns. By transforming phosphogypsum into a high- performance, eco-friendly material, this invention offers a sustainable alternative that contributes to long-term structural resilience and the broader goals of sustainable urban development.

[0022] Through its adaptable and efficient design, the Phosphogypsum Reinforcement System enables the construction industry to harness the advantages of phosphogypsum in structural applications, presenting a significant advancement in sustainable building materials. This invention not only extends the potential of phosphogypsum as a viable construction material but also promotes the use of recyclable resources, aligning with global environmental objectives and ensuring that urban infrastructure is built to last.

[0023] Overview of the Drawings

[0024] Figure 1 illustrates the load-bearing capacity predictions from traditional theoretical models, experimental results, and machine learning (SVM) predictions for various column configurations. Traditional models often underestimate capacity due to modern reinforcement complexities, such as SFCB and fiber reinforcements. The experimental results provide the most accurate measure but are resource-intensive, while the SVM model effectively reduces prediction errors by considering these advanced reinforcement interactions, closely matching the experimental outcomes.

[0025] Figure 2 illustrates the predicted load-bearing capacities for various column configurations using theoretical models, experimental results, and SVM model predictions. Traditional theoretical models tend to underestimate load capacity due to the complexities of modern reinforcement methods, leading to significant prediction errors. The SVM model, trained with experimental data, aligns more closely with actual results, reducing prediction errors, as shown for BP-8-12-100, where the SVM model nearly matches the experimental value, reducing error from 10.6% to 1 .25%.

[0026] Reference

[0027] 1 . Shariati, M., et al., Evolution of Confinement Stress in Axially Loaded Concrete-Filled Steel Tube Stub Columns: Study on Enhancing Urban Building Efficiency. Sustainability, 2024. 16(17): p. 7544.

Claims

Claims1.- A reinforcement method for phosphogypsum short columns characterized by significantly enhances axial compressive strength and load-bearing capacity by integrating basalt fiber-reinforced polymer (BFRP) bars, carbon fiber-reinforced polymer (CFRP) bars, and steel-FRP composite bars (SFCB).2.- A method accordingly to claim 1 , characterized by the hybrid approach optimally distributes loads within the column structure, enabling up to 278% improvement in load-bearing capacity.3.- A method accordingly to claim 1 , characterized by reinforcement system provides superior durability and corrosion resistance by leveraging the unique properties of BFRP and CFRP.4.- A method accordingly to claim 1 , characterized by the integration of SFCBs within the reinforcement system provides increased ductility and resistance to failure modes such as cracking, peeling, and spalling.5.- A method accordingly to claim 1 , characterized by the reinforcement system offers tailored reinforcement configurations, adjustable based on the specific fiber type, stirrup spacing, and longitudinal reinforcement requirements. This adaptability ensures optimized compressive strength and load distribution for diverse structural applications, from residential to commercial infrastructure.6.- A method accordingly to claim 1 , characterized by the reinforcement system isdesigned for seamless integration into both new constructions and retrofitting projects, making it a versatile and scalable solution for enhancing the structural capabilities of phosphogypsum. .7.- A method accordingly to claim 1 , characterized by transforms phosphogypsum into a viable, eco-friendly construction material by incorporating recyclable, corrosionresistant fibers and composite bars, reducing the environmental impact and promoting the use of sustainable resources in the construction industry.

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