Method for analysing a composition of a batch of a mix of valuable materials, and sorting system

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for analysing a composition of a batch (CH2) of a mix of valuable materials (WG) in an automatic sorting system (1), wherein the automatic sorting system (1) comprises a feed hopper (2), a sorting device (3), collecting hoppers (4-7) and a control device (12), and the sorting device (1) comprises at least one sorting machine (15, 16, 17).

Description

[0001] "Method for analyzing the composition of a batch of a recyclable material mixture and sorting system"

[0002] The invention relates to a method for analyzing the composition of a batch of a mixture of valuable materials in an automatic sorting system according to claim 1 and to a sorting system according to claim 12.

[0003] EP 1 188 490 A1 discloses a method for sorting a plastics fraction within a waste sorting plant. In this method, one sorting device is used to sort out polyethylene (PE) objects, another sorting device is used to sort out polypropylene (PP) objects, another sorting device is used to separate polystyrene (PS) objects, and yet another sorting device is used to separate polyethylene terephthalate (PET) objects.

[0004] Practice shows that comparable recyclable material mixtures can exhibit qualitative differences, particularly with regard to the proportion of residual material, depending on the district in which they are collected. Therefore, there is an increased need to analyze the composition of delivered recyclable material mixtures in advance.

[0005] The invention is based on the object of proposing a method and a device which makes it possible to carry out an analysis of a batch of a mixture of valuable materials with little effort and at low cost.

[0006] This problem is solved by the features of claim 1 and claim 12 respectively.

[0007] In the method for analyzing the composition of a batch (CH2) of a recyclable material mixture (WG) of an automatic sorting system, which is designed in particular as an analytical method with which the composition of a batch (CH2) of a recyclable material mixture (WG) in an automatic sorting system (1) is recorded, the automatic sorting system comprises a feed hopper, a sorting device, a collection hopper and a control device, wherein the sorting device comprises at least one sorting machine and wherein the analysis is carried out in such a way that the batch (CH2) is fed into the feed hopper of the automatic sorting system, that a first time (TI) is recorded at which the feeding of the batch (CH2) into the sorting device begins, that a second time (T2) is recorded at which the feeding of the batch (CH2) into the sorting device is completed, that throughput times (DZ-PE; DZ-PP;DZ-PET; DZ-RFRAK) are determined which individual recyclable material fractions (WFRA-PE; WFRAK-PP; WFRAK-PET) and a residual material fraction (RFRAK) of the recyclable material mixture (WG) require for one pass through the sorting device from the feed hopper to the respectively assigned collection hopper, that the masses of the material fractions (WFRA-PE; WFRAK-PP; WFRAK-PET; RFRAK) sorted out from the batch (CH2) and arriving in the collection hoppers between a respective third point in time (T3-PE; T3-PP; T3-PET; T3-RFRAK) and a respective fourth point in time (T4-PE; T4-PP; T4-PET; T4-RFRAK) are determined, that from the masses determined for the sorted material fractions (WFRA-PE; WFRAK-PP; WFRAK-PET; RFRAK) PE; M-WFRAK-PP; M-WFRAK-PET; M-RFRAK) from the control facility a mass composition of the;

[0008] Batch (CH2) of the recyclable mixture (WG) is calculated and output.

[0009] Such a method enables the analysis of the composition of a batch (CH2) of a recyclable material mixture (WG) during operation of a sorting plant. This avoids both time-consuming and costly manual sorting of the batch and the need to clear and stop the sorting plant.

[0010] It may also be provided

[0011] - to set the third time point (T3-PE; T3-PP; T3-PET; T3-RFRAK) the same for all material fractions (WFRA-PE; WFRAK-PP; WFRAK-PET; RFRAK) and to add the shortest throughput time (DZ-R) to the first time point (TI) to determine the third time point, or to set the third time point for all material fractions (WFRA-PE; WFRAK-PP; WFRAK-PET; RFRAK) depending on the individual throughput time and to add the respective throughput time (DZ-PE; DZ-PP; DZ-PET; DZ-RERAK) to determine the first time point (TI), and

[0012] - the fourth time point (T4-PE; T4-PP; T4-PET; T4-RFRAK) is to be set the same for all material fractions (WFRA-PE; WFRAK-PP; WFRAK-PET; RFRAK) and the longest throughput time (DZ-PS) is to be added to the second time point (T2) to determine the fourth time point or the fourth time point is to be set for all material fractions (WFRA-PE; WFRAK-PP; WFRAK-PET; RFRAK) depending on the individual throughput time and the respective throughput time (DZ-PE; DZ-PP; DZ-PET; DZ-RFRAK) is to be added to determine the second time point (T2).

[0013] A uniform definition of the third time points based on the shortest throughput time and fourth time points based on the longest throughput time simplifies human monitoring of the process, since the weighing devices then weigh at the same times. By defining the third and fourth time points based on the individual throughput times of the material fractions, it is possible to integrate the sorting system's analysis operation into the sorting operation within an even narrower time window.

[0014] Furthermore, it can be provided that the batch submitted for analysis has a mass between 5 kg and 5,000 kg, preferably between 10 kg and 2,000 kg, and particularly preferably between 25 kg and 500 kg. Empirically, it has been shown that batches with such masses lead to representative sorting results.

[0015] It may also be provided to use at least one weighing device to determine the masses of the sorted material fractions, with each collection bunker preferably being assigned its own weighing device. This allows the masses of the sorted material fractions to be determined directly at the collection bunkers, so that no additional transport of the sorted material fractions is required.

[0016] Furthermore, the sorting facility may be equipped with at least three sorting machines, which sort at least three recyclable material fractions and one residual material fraction. A sorting facility designed in this way can handle frequently occurring sorting tasks.

[0017] It can also be provided to record the first time point by a start signal manually triggered by a worker, or to record the first time point automatically by an image capture and analysis device. Such recording is possible with minimal personnel or technical effort.

[0018] Furthermore, it can be provided that the second time point is recorded on the basis of a feed time determined at least once for an exemplary batch by the control device by adding the feed time to the first time point, or that the second time point (T2) is recorded by calculating a feed time for an exemplary batch using a simulation and adding the calculated feed time to the first time point (TI). Such an effort is hardly significant when compared to the cost of a single analysis, given that analyses are carried out multiple times a day.

[0019] It can also be provided to record the second time point by a stop signal manually triggered by a worker or to record the second time point automatically by an image capture and analysis device. Such recording is possible with minimal personnel or technical effort.

[0020] Furthermore, it may be provided

[0021] - either to empty each of the collection bunkers based on the material fraction collected by it at the respective third time and to weigh each of the collection bunkers based on the material fraction collected by it at the respective fourth time

[0022] - or to weigh each of the collection bunkers in relation to the material fraction collected by it at the respective third time point and to weigh each of the collection bunkers in relation to the material fraction collected by it at the respective fourth time point and to calculate the mass as the difference between the two weighings.

[0023] Such procedures can be implemented with minimal time expenditure. The technical effort can also be estimated as minimal or nonexistent, since one or more weighing devices are usually present in the sorting system.

[0024] It can also be provided to carry out a manual product analysis or an automated product analysis of the batch of recyclable material mixture arriving in the collection bunkers between the respective third point in time and the respective fourth point in time, either between the feed bunker and the collection bunkers, and in particular between at least one of the collection bunkers and the sorting machine connected upstream thereof, or downstream of the collection bunkers, wherein the results of the product analysis are stored in addition to the mass composition of the batch, wherein the automated product analysis is carried out in particular by means of an automated analysis. This automated analysis can be carried out, for example, on the basis of a spectral analysis.This allows for an even more in-depth analysis of the batch during ongoing operations, allowing for not only a statement about the mass composition of the batch, but also a statement about the quality and purity of the recyclable material fractions in the sorted batch. This then allows for a back-calculation of an input analysis without making assumptions about output compositions.

[0025] Furthermore, it may be planned to combine the results of the batch analysis and the calculated mass composition of the batch and make them available for distribution. This can provide comprehensive information about the batch's quality.

[0026] The sorting system according to the invention comprises a feed hopper, a sorting device which comprises at least one sorting machine, collection hoppers which are designed as recyclable material hoppers and residual material hoppers, at least one weighing device and a control device, wherein the sorting system also comprises a signal generating device and wherein by means of the signal generating device a start signal can be transmitted to the control device for detecting a first time point with the start of a feed of a batch of a recyclable material mixture to be analyzed and a stop signal can be transmitted to the control device for detecting a second time point with the end of a feed of the recyclable material mixture to be analyzed.Such a sorting system makes it possible to supply the control system with the necessary information, enabling the composition of a batch of a mixed recyclable material to be analyzed during ongoing sorting operation. This avoids both time-consuming and costly manual sorting of the batch, as well as the need to overrun and stop the sorting system.

[0027] It may also be provided to equip the signal generating device either with a stationary device that communicates with the control device via a wired connection, or with a mobile device that communicates with the control device wirelessly and is designed, for example, as a remote control or mobile phone. This also makes operation of the signal generating device technically simple and cost-effective to produce.

[0028] Furthermore, it can be provided that the stationary device is configured as an electrical button or that the mobile device is configured as a remote control or mobile phone. This makes operation of the signal generating device particularly easy.

[0029] Finally, it can be provided to assign an upstream or downstream image capture system to at least one of the collection bunkers, and in particular to all of the collection bunkers, wherein each system comprises in particular at least one camera for taking images, in particular of different spectra, an analysis device for analyzing the captured images, a storage medium, and an interface for transmitting the analysis results. This allows an even more in-depth analysis of the batch to be carried out during ongoing operation, so that not only a statement can be made about the mass composition of the batch, but also a statement about the quality and purity of the valuable material fractions of the sorted-out batch.

[0030] In the sense of the invention, the feed hopper can be formed in particular by a pre-shredder or by a bag opener or by a dosing unit or by a combination of such devices.

[0031] For the purposes of the invention, a mixture of valuable materials is understood to mean a mixture which comprises at least one valuable material fraction and in particular several valuable material fractions and, as a rule, always also a residual material fraction.

[0032] Further details of the invention are described in the drawing using a schematically illustrated embodiment.

[0033] Figures 1 to 7 : show schematic views of a

[0034] Variant of the sorting system according to the invention and a sequence of the method according to the invention.

[0035] Figure 1 schematically illustrates a variant of a sorting system 1 according to the invention. The sorting system 1 comprises a feed hopper 2, a sorting device 3, four collection hoppers 4 to 7, four weighing devices 8 to 11, and a control device 12.

[0036] Collection bunkers 4 to 7 are designed as recyclables bunkers 4a to 6a and residuals bunker 7a for collecting SF material fractions, namely three WSF recyclables fractions and one RSF residuals fraction. The three WSF recyclables fractions are, for example, a PE recyclables fraction (WSF-PE), a PP recyclables fraction (WSF-PP), and a PET recyclables fraction (WSF-PET). Of course, it is possible to sort more than three WSF recyclables fractions, or just two or just one WSF recyclables fraction, in addition to one RSF residuals fraction.

[0037] The sorting system 1 further comprises a signal generating device 13, wherein a start signal S1 (see Figure 2) and a stop signal S2 (see Figure 3) can be transmitted to the control device 12 by means of the signal generating device 13. The four weighing devices 8 to 11 are also connected to the control device 12. The control device 12 can initiate weighing processes at each of the weighing devices 8 to 11 and automatically receives the respective results.

[0038] Furthermore, the sorting system 1 can - as shown - comprise a display device 14 on which results calculated by the control device 12 can be displayed.

[0039] The sorting device 3 comprises three sorting machines 15, 16, 17 and seven conveyor devices 18 to 24. The first conveyor device 18 connects the feed hopper 2 to the first sorting machine 15. The second conveyor device 19 connects the first sorting machine 15 to the second sorting machine 16. The third conveyor device 20 connects the first sorting machine 15 to the third sorting machine 17. The fourth conveyor device 21 connects the second sorting machine 16 to the collection hopper 4 for PE parts 201. The fifth conveyor device 22 connects the second sorting machine 16 to the collection hopper 5 for PP parts 202. The sixth conveyor device 23 connects the third sorting machine 17 to the collection hopper 6 for PET parts 203. The seventh conveyor device 24 connects the third sorting machine 17 with the collection bunker 7 for residual material parts 204.

[0040] The fact that the sorting system 1 is in ongoing operation is symbolized by a large number of pentagons 25 (provided with reference symbols only as an example), which are shown in the sorting device 3 and in the collection bunkers 4 to 7. Each pentagon 25 represents an example of a PE part 201 or a PP part 202 or a PET part 203 or a residual material part 204 of a first batch CHI, which were fed into the feed bunker 2 for a sorting operation at a time before the time shown in Figure 1.

[0041] Accordingly, Figure 1 shows the sorting system 1 in a state in which the feed hopper 2 has just been emptied.

[0042] Next to the feed hopper 2, Figure 1 shows a wheel loader 101, which is currently tipping a second batch of CH2 of a recyclable material mixture WG into the feed hopper 2, the composition of which is to be analyzed. The second batch of CH2 is thus intended for an analysis operation of the sorting system 1 that is interposed with the ongoing sorting operation.

[0043] In Figure 2, the sorting system 1 is then shown at a time after the representation in Figure 1, at which time the second batch CH2 of the recyclable material mixture WG tipped in by the wheel loader 101 is in the feed hopper 2 and is ready to be conveyed into the sorting device 3.

[0044] In Figure 2, the second batch CH2 is no longer shown as bale B2 as in Figure 1, but its individual components are visible as examples.

[0045] - PE parts 201 symbolized by rectangles,

[0046] - PP parts symbolized by vertical lines 202 ,

[0047] - PET parts symbolized by triangles 203 and

[0048] - waste material parts symbolized by circles 204 .

[0049] A worker (not shown) who has tipped in the second batch CH2 using the wheel loader 101 can, using the signal generating device 13, which can also be mounted as a radio transmitter in the wheel loader 101 (see Figure 1) or can be formed by a mobile phone with a special application, transmit a start signal S 1 to the control device 12 at the start of conveying the second batch CH2 into the sorting device 3 in order to record the first time TI. The first time TI and the start signal S 1 are symbolized in Figure 2 by a vertically downward-pointing arrow.

[0050] In comparison to Figure 1, in Figure 2 it can be seen with regard to the pentagons 25, which symbolize the first batch CHI, that these have continued to pass through the sorting device 1 and that the collection bunkers 4 to 7 continue to fill.

[0051] In Figure 3, the sorting system 1 is shown at a time after the time shown in Figure 2, at which time the second batch CH2 tipped in by the wheel loader 101 has just been completely conveyed into the sorting device 1 and the feed hopper 2 is empty again.

[0052] The worker who tipped in the second batch CH2 can, using the signal generating device 13, transmit a stop signal S2 to the control device 12 upon completion of the conveying of the second batch CH2 into the sorting device 1 to detect the second time T2. Accordingly, a first time T1 is then stored in the control device 12 with regard to the conveying of the second batch CH2 by the start signal S1 and a second time T2 is stored by the stop signal S2. The second time T2 and the stop signal S2 are symbolized in Figure 3 by a vertically downward-pointing arrow.

[0053] It can also be provided that the start signal S 1 and / or the stop signal S 2 are generated automatically by means of an image acquisition and image evaluation device, so that the control device only needs to be informed that the tipped-in batch is to be analyzed. In comparison to Figure 2, in Figure 3 with regard to the

[0054] Pentagons 25 , which symbolize the first batch of CHI, show that these have now passed further through the sorting device 2 and that the collection bunkers 4 to 7 have been filled even further with them.

[0055] Since the second batch CH2 to be analyzed has already completely left the feed hopper 2, Figure 3 shows how the wheel loader 101 tips a further, namely a third batch CH3 into the feed hopper 2. This third batch CH3 is shown in Figure 3 as bale B3 and is again intended for the sorting operation in order to maintain ongoing operations.

[0056] For example, depending on the distances W201, W202, W203 and W204 that the PE parts 201 or the PP parts 202 or the PET parts 203 or the residual material parts 204 have to travel in the sorting device 3, the individual material fractions SF have different second passage times D201, D202, D203 and D204 with which they pass through the sorting device 3 arranged between the feed hopper 2 and the collection hoppers 4 to 7. The distances are shown in a simplified manner in the schematic representation in Figure 3 only symbolically with an arrow. The passage times are shown symbolically by four arrows of different lengths. As an example, a residual material part 204 of the residual material fraction RSF has a passage time D204 of 4 time units. As an example, a PET part 203 of the PET recycling fraction WSF-PET has a throughput time of 5 time units.For example, a PE part 201 of the PE recyclables fraction WSF-PE has a throughput time of 6 time units. For example, a PP part 202 of the PP recyclables fraction WSF-PP has a throughput time of 7 time units. Thus, the residuals fraction RSF has the shortest throughput time D204 and the PP recyclables fraction WSF-PP has the longest throughput time D202.

[0057] In the present exemplary embodiment, it is assumed that the aforementioned throughput times D201 to D204 were determined in advance and stored in the control device 12. It can also be provided that the sorting system includes a monitoring device with which the throughput times are continuously determined, and that this monitoring device transmits the currently observed throughput times to the control device.

[0058] Figure 4 shows the sorting system 1 at a time after the illustration in Figure 3, at which time the third batch CH3 tipped in by the wheel loader (see Figure 3) has already been partially conveyed into the sorting device 3 and at which time the first batch CHI has completely passed through the sorting device 3 and has been distributed in sorted form to the collection bunkers 4 to 7. From Figure 4 onwards, the third batch CH3 is also symbolized by pentagons, analogous to the first batch CHI. Some pentagons of the third batch CH3 are designated by the reference symbol 26 as an example.

[0059] The second batch CH2, which is intended for analysis, has passed through the sorting system 3 with its residual material parts 204 at a third time T3-R shown in Figure 4, to such an extent that the first residual material parts 204, which have the shortest throughput time D204 with respect to the sorting device 2 (see Figure 3), are now about to leave the sorting device 2. The time T3-R is calculated by adding the shortest throughput time D204 to the time TI according to the formula: T3-R = TI + D204.

[0060] It is planned to have emptied the fourth collection bunker 7 at the time T3-R, which is symbolized by a vertically downward pointing arrow, so that it is ready to receive the residual material parts 204 of the second batch CH2 at the time T3-R.

[0061] It may also be provided not to empty the fourth collection bunker 204, but instead to weigh it with the aid of the control device 12 and the fourth weighing device 11 at time T3-R and to store the result.

[0062] For a simplified analysis process, it can also be provided that all four collection bunkers 4 to 7 are emptied or weighed by time T3-R, which is after time TI by the shortest throughput time D204. The prerequisite for this is, of course, that the first batch CHI has already been completely removed from the sorting device 3 at time T3-R. In this respect, care must be taken with this simplified process to ensure that the second batch CH2 is fed from the feed bunker 2 into the sorting device 3 with a sufficient time offset to the first batch CHI. With the simplified process, the third times T3-PET, T3-PE and T3-PP, which are after the third time T3-R, do not have to be calculated separately.

[0063] Figure 5 shows the sorting system 1 at a time subsequent to the illustration in Figure 4, at which time the emptied collection bunkers 4 to 7 are now filled with PE parts 201, PP parts 202, PET parts 203, and residual material parts 204 of the second batch CH2. Furthermore, it is visible that the third batch CH3 has already passed through the sorting device 3 in the direction of the collection bunkers 4 to 7, and the feed bunker 2 is slowly emptying.

[0064] The second batch CH2, with its PP parts 202, has passed through the sorting device 3 at a third time T3-PP shown in Figure 5, to such an extent that the first PP parts 202, which have the longest throughput time D202 with respect to the sorting device 3, are now also about to leave the sorting device 3. The time T3-PP is calculated by adding the longest throughput time D202 to the time TI according to the formula: T3-PP = TI + D202.

[0065] It is planned to have emptied the second collection bunker 5 by the time T3-PP so that it is ready to receive the PP parts 202 of the second batch CH2.

[0066] It may also be provided not to empty the second collection bunker CH2, but instead to weigh it with the aid of the control device 12 and the second weighing device 9 at time T3-PP and to store the result.

[0067] Furthermore, it can be provided that the second collection bunker 5 is emptied or weighed as part of a simplified process at time T3-R (see above and Figure 4).

[0068] The times T3-PET and T3-PE were reached at times which lie between the time T3-R shown in Figure 4 and the time T3-PP shown in Figure 5. For this reason, they are not shown in either Figure 4 or Figure 5. The procedure for emptying or weighing the associated collection bunkers is analogous to that described above. The time T3-PET is calculated using the formula: T3-PET = TI + D203. The time T3-PE is calculated using the formula: T3-PE TI + D201.

[0069] Of course, depending on the fill level, only individual ones of the four collection bunkers can be emptied in advance. The procedures described for this purpose should then be combined accordingly.

[0070] As an example, Figure 5 also shows a system S for image capture. The system S is connected upstream of all collection bunkers 4 to 7. The system S comprises four cameras K4 to K7 for recording images of different spectra of the PE parts 201, the PP parts 202, the PET parts 203 and the residual material parts 204, which are conveyed to the collection bunkers 4 to 7 after sorting. Alternatively, other sensor and / or evaluation technologies can also be used. Alternatively, one or more systems can be connected downstream of one or more collection bunkers. The recorded images are analyzed by means of an analysis device A with regard to the material of the captured material fractions. The results of the analysis are saved on a storage medium SP and made available for transmission via an interface SN.Cameras K4 to K7 utilize near-infrared sensors for material detection and, in particular, optical sensors for color detection. In connection with the described system and the fundamental application of NIR infrared sensors, reference is also made analogously to German patent application 10 2024 118 460.4, in which all features of the claims therein are intended to be part of the teaching of the invention.

[0071] Figure 6 shows the sorting system 1 at a time after the illustration in Figure 5, at which time only the first collection bunker 4 and the second collection bunker 5 are still being filled with PE parts 201 and PP parts 202 from the sorting device 3. The sixth conveyor device 23 and the seventh conveyor device 24 have already been emptied with regard to the second batch CH2. It can also be seen that the third batch CH3 has already passed through the sorting device 3 in the direction of the collection bunkers 4 to 7 and the feed bunker 2 has already been emptied to such an extent that the wheel loader 101 is just tipping in a fourth batch CH4, which is shown as bale B4, for the sorting operation.

[0072] Figure 6 shows the sorting system 1 at a time T4-PET. At this time T4-PET, all PET parts 203 of the second batch CH2 have just arrived in the collection bunker 5. The time T4-PET is calculated from the throughput time D203 for PET parts 203 according to the formula: T4-PET = T2 + D203. The control device 12 can now weigh the collection bunker 5 and store and process the results.

[0073] Figure 7 shows the sorting system 1 at a time subsequent to the illustration in Figure 6, at which time all parts 201 to 204 of the second batch CH2 have just been sorted into the collection bunkers 4 to 7. At this time T4-PP, which is calculated by adding the longest throughput time D202 to the second time T2 according to the formula T4-PP = T2 + D202, the control device 12 can now weigh the collection bunkers 4 to 7 with the aid of the weighing devices 8 to 11 and store and process the results.

[0074] If the collection bunkers 4 to 7 have not been emptied before the parts 201 to 204 of the second batch CH2 are fed in, the difference in the weighing results at the times T3-PE, T3-PP, T3-PET and T3-R and T4-PE, T4-PP, T4-PET and T4-R must be determined for each collection bunker 4 to 7 for the analysis.

[0075] As a result of the analysis, the control device 12 can then output on the display device 14 the percentage or absolute weight shares of all sorted PE parts 201, all sorted PP parts 202, all sorted PET parts 203, and all sorted residual material parts 204 in relation to the total weight of the second batch of CH2 intended for analysis. Figure 7 shows the percentage weight shares on the display device 14 as an example.

[0076] On the basis of these analysis results, the logistics for the removal of all PE parts, PP parts, PET parts and residual parts expected to arise from the total quantity belonging to the second batch of CH2 can then be planned, or additional sorting machines can be added to the sorting facility if necessary.

[0077] It may also be possible to specify a time T4 that applies to all material fractions SF or collection bunkers 4 to 7. The corresponding fourth time T4 is shifted after the second time T2 by the longest throughput time D202 and is thus calculated according to the formula T4 = T2 + D202.

[0078] Furthermore, Figure 7 shows that the fourth batch CH4 is now being fed into sorting device 3 to maintain uninterrupted sorting operations. The fourth batch CH4 is symbolized in Figure 7 by pentagons, similar to the first batch CH1 and the third batch CH3. The pentagons of the fourth batch CH4 are designated by reference symbol 27. List of reference symbols

[0079] 1 sorting system

[0080] 2 feed hoppers

[0081] 3 Sorting device

[0082] 4 first collection bunker for 201

[0083] 4a Value material bunker

[0084] 5 second collection bunker for 202

[0085] 5a Value material bunker

[0086] 6 third collection bunker for 203

[0087] 6a Value material bunker

[0088] 7 fourth collection bunker for 204

[0089] 7a Rest stof f bunker

[0090] 8 first weighing device

[0091] 9 second weighing device

[0092] 10 third weighing device

[0093] 11 fourth weighing device

[0094] 12 Control device

[0095] 13 Signal generating device

[0096] 14 Display device

[0097] 15 first sorting machine

[0098] 16 second sorting machine

[0099] 17 third sorting machine

[0100] 18 first funding institution

[0101] 19 second conveyor system

[0102] 20 third funding institution

[0103] 21 fourth funding institution

[0104] 22 fifth funding institution

[0105] 23 sixth funding institution

[0106] 24 seventh funding institution

[0107] 25 Pentagon ( CHI )

[0108] 26 Pentagon (CH3) 27 Pentagon (CH4)

[0109] 101 wheel loaders

[0110] 201 PE part made of SF

[0111] 202 PP part made of SF

[0112] 203 PET part made of SF

[0113] 204 Residual material part from SF

[0114] B2 bales (CH2)

[0115] B3 bales (CH3)

[0116] B4 bales (CH4)

[0117] D201 Lead time of WSF-PE or 201

[0118] D202 (longest) processing time of WSF-PP or 202

[0119] D203 Throughput time of WSF-PET or 203

[0120] D204 (shortest) throughput time of RSF or 204

[0121] CHI first batch

[0122] CH2 second batch (for analysis)

[0123] CH3 third batch

[0124] CH4 fourth batch

[0125] SF material fraction

[0126] WSF recyclable material fraction

[0127] WSF-PE PE recyclable fraction

[0128] WSF-PP PP recyclable fraction

[0129] WSF-PET PET recyclable fraction

[0130] RSF residual fraction

[0131] SI start signal

[0132] S2 Stop signal TI first time detected by S 1

[0133] T2 second time point recorded by S2

[0134] T3-PE third time point in relation to WSF-PE

[0135] T3-PP third time point in relation to WSF-PP

[0136] T3-PET third time point in relation to WSF-PET

[0137] T3-R third time point in relation to WSF-R

[0138] T4-PE fourth time point in relation to WSF-PE

[0139] T4-PP fourth time point in relation to WSF-PP

[0140] T4-PET fourth time point in relation to WSF-PET

[0141] T4-R fourth time point in relation to WSF-R

[0142] W201 Distance from 201 in 3

[0143] W202 Distance from 202 in 3

[0144] W203 Distance from 203 in 3

[0145] W204 Distance from 204 in 3

[0146] WG recyclable material mixture

[0147] S System

[0148] K4-K7 camera from S

[0149] A Analysis facility of S

[0150] SP memory from S

[0151] SN interface of S

Claims

Claims 1. Method for analyzing a composition of a batch (CH2) of a valuable material mixture (WG) of an automatic sorting system (1), in particular an analysis method comprising an automatic determination of a composition of a batch (CH2) of a valuable material mixture (WG) which passes through an automatic sorting system (1), wherein the automatic sorting system (1) comprises a feed hopper (2), a sorting device (3), collection hoppers (4-7) and a control device (12), wherein the sorting device (1) comprises at least one sorting machine (15, 16, 17) and wherein the analysis is carried out in such a way, - that the batch (CH2) is placed in the feed hopper (2) of the automatic sorting system, - that a first time (TI) is recorded at which the batch (CH2) is started to be fed into the sorting device (3), - that a second time (T2) is recorded at which the feeding of the batch (CH2) into the sorting device (3) is completed, - that for the sorting system (1) at least one throughput time (D201; D202; D203; D204) is determined which individual recyclable fractions (WSF) and a residual fraction (RSF) of the recyclable mixture (WG) require for a passage through the sorting device (3) from the feed hopper (2) to the respectively assigned collection hopper (4-7), - that the masses of the material fractions (SF; WSF-PE, WSF-PP, WSF-PET; WSR) sorted out from the batch (CH2) and stored in the collection bunkers (4-7) between a respective third time (T3-PE; T3-PP; T3-PET; T3-R) and a the respective fourth time point (T4-PE; T4-PP; T4-PET; T4-R), - that a mass composition of the batch (CH2) of the recyclable material mixture (WG) is calculated and output by the control device (12) from the masses determined for the sorted material fractions (SF; WSF-PE, WSF-PP, WSF-PET; WSR).

2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that - that the third time (T3-PE; T3-PP; T3-PET; T3-R) is the same for all material fractions (SF; WSF-PE, WSF-PP, WSF-PET; WSR) or depends on the individual throughput time (D201; D202; D203; D204) for all material fractions (SF; WSF-PE, WSF-PP, WSF-PET; WSR), whereby the third time (T3-PE; T3-PP; T3-PET; T3-R) is then o either calculated in such a way that the shortest throughput time (D204) is added to the first time (TI) o or calculated in such a way that the respective throughput time (D201; D202; D203; D204) is added to the first time (TI), and - that the fourth time point (T4-PE; T4-PP; T4-PET; T4-R) is the same for all material fractions (SF; WSF-PE, WSF-PP, WSF-PET; WSR) or is dependent on the individual throughput time (D201; D202; D203; D204) for all material fractions (SF; WSF-PE, WSF-PP, WSF-PET; WSR), whereby the fourth time point (T4-PE; T4-PP; T4-PET; T4-R) is then o either calculated in such a way that the longest throughput time (D202) is added to the second time point (T2) or o or calculated in such a way that the respective throughput time (D201; D202; D203; D204) is added to the second time point (T2).

3. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the charge (CH2) which is used for analysis is placed, is dimensioned with a mass of between 5 kg and 5,000 kg and preferably with a mass of between 10 kg and 2,000 kg and particularly preferably with a mass of between 25 kg and 500 kg.

4. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one weighing device (8-11) is used to determine the masses, wherein preferably each of the collecting bunkers (4-11) is assigned its own weighing device (8-11).

5. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sorting device (3) comprises at least three sorting machines (15, 16, 17), whereby at least three recyclable material fractions (WSF; WSF-PE; WSF-PP; WSF-PET) and one residual material fraction (RSF) are sorted by these.

6. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first time (TI) is detected by a start signal manually triggered by a worker or that the first time (TI) is detected automatically by an image capture and image evaluation device.

7. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a detection of the second time (T2) is calculated on the basis of a feed time determined at least once for an exemplary batch (CH2) by the control device (12) by adding the feed time to the first time (TI) or that a detection of the second time (T2) is calculated by calculating a feed time for an exemplary batch by a Simulation is carried out and the calculated feeding time is added to the first time point (TI).

8. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second time (T2) is detected by a stop signal manually triggered by a worker or that the second time (T2) is detected automatically by an image capture and image evaluation device.

9. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each of the collection bunkers (4-7) is emptied at the respective third time (T3-PE; T3-PP; T3-PET; T3-R) in relation to the material fraction (SF; WSF-PE, WSF-PP, WSF-PET; WSR) collected thereby, and in that each collection bunker (4-7) is weighed at the respective fourth time (T4-PE; T4-PP; T4-PET; T4-R) in relation to the material fraction (SF; WSF-PE, WSF-PP, WSF-PET; WSR) collected thereby, or in that each of the collection bunkers (4-7) is weighed at the respective third time (T3-PE; T3-PP; T3-PET; T3-R) in relation to the material fraction (SF; WSF-PE, WSF-PP, WSF-PET; WSR) collected thereby. and that each collection bunker is weighed in relation to the material fraction collected by it (SF; WSF-PE, WSF-PP, WSF-PET; WSR) at the respective fourth time point (T4-PE; T4-PP; T4-PET; T4-R) and the mass is calculated as the difference between the two weighings.

10. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that either between the feed hopper (2) and the collecting hoppers (4-7) and in particular between at least one of the collecting hoppers (4-7) and the sorting machine (16, 17) connected upstream of it or downstream of the collecting bunkers (4-7) a manual Product analysis or an automated product analysis of the Batch (CH2) of the recyclable material mixture (WG) is carried out, which arrive in the collection bunkers (4-7) between the respective third time (T3-PE; T3-PP; T3-PET; T3-R) and the respective fourth time (T4-PE; T4-PP; T4-PET; T4-R), wherein the results of the product analysis are stored in addition to the mass composition of the batch (CH2), wherein the automated product analysis is carried out in particular by means of an automated analysis.

11. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the results of the analysis of the batch (CH2) and the calculated mass composition of the batch (CH2) are combined and made available for further processing.

12. Sorting system (1) comprising a feed hopper (2), a sorting device (3) which comprises at least one sorting machine (15; 16; 17), collecting hoppers (4-7) which serve as Recyclable material bunker (4a; 5a; 6a) and residual material bunker (7a), at least one weighing device (8-11) and a control device (12), characterized in that the sorting system (1) comprises a signal generating device (13), that by means of the signal generating device (13) a start signal (S1) can be transmitted to the control device (12) for detecting a first time point (TI) with the start of a feed of a batch (CH2) of a recyclable material mixture (WG) to be analyzed, and a stop signal (S2) can be transmitted to the control device (12) for detecting a second time point (T2) with the end of a feed of the recyclable material mixture (WG) to be analyzed.

13. Sorting system according to claim 12, characterized in that the signal generating device (13) comprises a stationary device which is in wired communication connection with the control device (12), or comprises a mobile device which is in wireless communication connection with the control device (12).

14. Sorting system according to claim 13, characterized in that the stationary device is designed as an electrical button or that the mobile device is designed as a remote control or mobile phone.

15. Sorting system according to at least one of claims 10 to 14, characterized in that at least one of the collecting bunkers (4-7) and in particular all of the collecting bunkers (4-7) is assigned a system (S) for image acquisition upstream or downstream, wherein each system (S) in particular comprises at least one camera (K4-K7) for recording images, in particular of different spectra, an analysis device (A) for analyzing the recorded images, a storage medium (SP) and an interface (SN) for transmitting the Analysis results included.

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