Paving stone, method for producing a paving stone, and production layer or pallet layer of paving stones

Abstract

The invention relates to a concrete paving stone having a visible surface (2), which has a main plane and a peripheral outer edge (5) with corners (3) and longitudinal sections (4), and having stone flanks (6, 7) oriented perpendicularly to the visible surface (2), wherein spacer elements (8) are formed on the stone flanks (6, 7), which protrude beyond the stone flanks (6, 7), wherein the visible surface (2) and the outer edge (5) are reworked such that the visible surface (2) and the outer edge (5) are irregularly broken and chipped, and wherein a) at least one indentation (9) is impressed into the visible surface (2) along a portion of the outer edge (5), wherein the indentation (9) interrupts the outer edge (5) and the indentation (9) is recessed by 0.5 mm to 8 mm relative to the main plane of the visible surface (2), and / or b) the longitudinal portions (4) of the outer edge (5) run in a curving manner, wherein the longitudinal portions (4) are set back by at least 0.5 mm to at most 10 mm in relation to a protrusion, resulting from the spacer elements (8), on the stone flank (6, 7) along which the particular longitudinal portion (4) extends.

Description

[0001] Paving stone, method for producing a paving stone and production pallet or pallet of

[0002] paving stones

[0003] This application claims priority from German patent application No. 10 2024 103 962.0, the contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.

[0004] The invention relates to a paving stone made of concrete with a visible surface which has a main plane and a circumferential outer edge having corners and longitudinal sections according to claim 1.

[0005] The invention further relates to a method for producing a paving stone from concrete according to claim 20.

[0006] Furthermore, the invention relates to a production layer or a pallet layer comprising a plurality of paving stones according to claim 25.

[0007] It is known that concrete paving stones are subjected to post-treatment to make them lose their artificial appearance.

[0008] Particularly frequently, freshly manufactured, set concrete blocks, in particular concrete paving blocks, are subjected to such post-treatment, during which the surfaces, in particular the visible surfaces, and / or the surrounding edges, in particular an outer edge surrounding the visible surface, are chipped or broken in order to adapt the appearance to natural stones.

[0009] For this purpose, it is known, among other things, to place large numbers of concrete blocks into a rotating drum and "rumble" them there, whereby the surfaces and edges of the blocks strike each other, and the treated blocks exit the drum in an "aged" state. Such a device is known from DE-OS 29 22 393.

[0010] A particularly advantageous method for reworking paving stones, in particular in such a way that the visible surface and the surrounding outer edge of the visible surface are irregularly broken and chipped, is known from EP 1 699 609 B1 and EP 1 893 391 B1. Both methods make it possible to rework an entire production layer or a pallet layer so that the paving stones in the layer lose their artificial appearance and take on a naturally aged appearance. The extent to which the paving stones are reworked can be controlled by the length or intensity. One advantage of the method is that the reworking is carried out specifically on the visible surface and the surrounding outer edges, i.e. surfaces and edges which are not visible at all, for example when the aged stones are used in a pavement, are not processed.It has been shown that both processes achieve particularly advantageous, irregular positioning of the visible surfaces and outer edges. Furthermore, both processes allow the paving stones to remain in their production position, thus eliminating the disadvantage of the rotating drum, which subsequently requires the stones to be sorted into a regular arrangement on a pallet (pallet layer).

[0011] Paving stones are also known from the general state of the art which have stone flanks aligned perpendicular to the laying plane or stone flanks aligned perpendicular to the visible surface, on which spacer elements are formed which interact with spacer elements of a stone flank of an adjacent stone. The spacer elements make it possible to lay the paving stones at a defined distance from one another, whereby the spacer elements are only formed on a part of the surface of the respective stone flank, so that open spaces or gaps are created which serve to accommodate jointing material. In particular, the spacer elements also make it possible for the visible surfaces or the outer edges of the visible surfaces of two adjacent stones to not lie against one another, but rather for jointing material to be located between the outer edges.The spacers, in conjunction with the jointing material, serve to prevent or reduce the movement of the paving stones relative to each other. Furthermore, the spacers also serve as a drainage function, allowing water to drain or seep between two paving stones.

[0012] From EP 2 401 432 B1, spacer elements are known which are designed as composite elements, wherein it is provided that composite elements arranged in a grid on a stone flank engage in the spaces between the composite elements arranged in a grid on the flank of the adjacent paving stone in order to prevent, in cooperation with the joint material, a displacement of the stones against each other and to realize a seepage function.

[0013] In general, there is a need to give paving stones an attractive appearance.

[0014] A wet printing process for concrete bodies is known from the prior art, for example, DE 10 2006 014 900 A1. This involves applying a print embedded in the concrete to a visible surface of the concrete product described therein. The printing is intended to give the visible surface of the concrete product a color variation, for example, or to create marbled or highlighted spots or even a cloudy design. The printing can also contain factual information, for example, similar to traffic signs or parking area markings.

[0015] The object of the present invention is to provide a paving stone which has an aesthetically pleasing and cost-effectively produced visible surface which is resistant to weather conditions.

[0016] This object is achieved by the features of claim 1. The present invention is further based on the object of providing a method for producing a paving stone having an aesthetically pleasing and cost-effectively producible visible surface that is resistant to weather conditions.

[0017] This object is achieved according to the invention by the features of claim 20.

[0018] The present invention is further based on the object of making a production layer or pallet layer comprising a plurality of paving stones available, in particular with economically justifiable expenditure, in such a way that when the layer is laid, aesthetically pleasing laying patterns which are resistant to weather conditions are created.

[0019] This object is achieved according to the invention by claim 25.

[0020] The concrete paving stone according to the invention has a visible surface comprising a main plane and a circumferential outer edge with corners and longitudinal sections. The paving stone has stone flanks aligned perpendicular to the visible surface, with spacer elements formed on the stone flanks that project beyond the stone flank. The visible surface and the outer edge are reworked so that the visible surface and the outer edge are irregularly broken and chipped.According to the invention it is further provided that a) along a section of the outer edge at least one indentation is embossed into the visible surface, wherein the indentation interrupts the outer edge and the indentation is 0.5 mm to 8 mm deep compared to the main plane of the visible surface, and / or b) the longitudinal sections of the outer edge run in a curved manner, wherein the longitudinal sections are set back by at least 0.5 mm to a maximum of 10 mm compared to a projection resulting from the spacer elements on the stone flank along which the respective longitudinal section runs.

[0021] The paving stone according to the invention has a durable and aesthetically pleasing appearance. The features according to the invention make it possible to create an appearance that corresponds to that of a fired brick or a tile. In particular, it is possible to create an appearance that corresponds to that of a classic wall product, namely a fired brick made of clay. This makes it possible to give concrete paving stones, which are intended in particular for laying on the ground, a completely new appearance for this purpose, thus expanding the possible applications of concrete paving stones. The paving stone according to the invention can be produced cost-effectively and has a visible surface that is resistant to weather conditions.This is because the paving stone and its visible surface are still made of concrete, and the advantageous appearance results from at least one indentation being embossed into the visible surface along a section of the outer edge. The indentation interrupts the outer edge and has a depth of 0.5 mm to 8 mm. It has been shown that even a single indentation of this type can create a particularly advantageous appearance with a depth effect, even if the indentation is only 0.5 mm to 8 mm. This, in combination with the fact that the visible surface and the outer edge have been reworked in such a way that the visible surface and the outer edge are irregularly broken and chipped, creates a visual impression similar to that of a fired brick.

[0022] Limiting the depth of the indentation can be particularly advantageous if the paving stone is colored, especially if only an upper layer of the paving stone is colored, so that the indentation does not penetrate into uncolored layers.

[0023] The depth of the indentation is preferably selected such that the deepest point of the indentation has a depth of at least 0.5 mm and a depth of at most 8 mm.

[0024] The indentation preferably has a depth of at least 1 mm, preferably at least 2 mm, more preferably at least 3 mm and at most 8 mm, more preferably at most 7 mm, in particular at most 6 mm. An indentation depth of 4 mm to 6 mm has proven particularly suitable.

[0025] Alternatively, but preferably in addition to the formation of indentations according to feature a), it can be provided according to feature b) that the longitudinal sections of the outer edge run in a curved manner. The longitudinal sections of the outer edge are to be understood as the sections of the outer edge that are arranged between two corners, regardless of whether the longitudinal sections extend along the length or the width of the paving stone. According to the invention, it is provided according to feature b) that the longitudinal sections are set back by at least 0.5 mm to at most 10 mm compared to a projection resulting from the spacer elements on the stone flank along which the respective longitudinal section runs.

[0026] In order to imitate the appearance of a fired brick, it has proven advantageous if, in contrast to the paving stones known from the state of the art, the longitudinal sections are not linear but curved.

[0027] A paving stone with a visible surface that is preferably essentially rectangular in shape has four corners and correspondingly four longitudinal sections. Such a paving stone, which also preferably has essentially the shape of a cuboid, is particularly suitable for imitating a fired brick.

[0028] The curved design of the longitudinal sections according to feature b) results in the paving stone, in conjunction with the previously described post-processing of the visible surface and the outer edge, such that the visible surface and the outer edge are irregularly broken and chipped, exhibiting a particularly advantageous appearance very similar to that of a fired brick, thus giving the paving stone an aesthetic appearance that allows it to be used in design areas where this was previously not possible. The paving stone can be manufactured cost-effectively from concrete, and the paving stone and its visual design are highly resistant to weather conditions.

[0029] It has been shown that it is advantageous if the longitudinal sections of the outer edge are curved, but the oscillation is limited to the values ​​mentioned in relation to an overhang resulting from the spacer elements.

[0030] Within the scope of the invention, a curved profile of the longitudinal sections of the outer edge is understood to mean that the longitudinal sections of the outer edge are curved in such a way that the offset of the outer edge changes relative to a projection resulting from the spacer elements on the respective stone flank and lies within the defined range of 0.5 mm to a maximum of 10 mm or is set back accordingly. The curved profile of the longitudinal sections of the outer edge essentially runs in a curved manner in the main plane of the visible surface and, in particular, is not perpendicular to the main plane.

[0031] Both the at least one indentation and the curved course of the longitudinal sections can preferably be produced by a stamp, preferably during the production of the paving stone, wherein the indentation or the curved longitudinal section is preferably introduced in a so-called green-stable or earth-moist state of a concrete body which forms the paving stone.

[0032] A green-strength concrete body is one that is dimensionally stable but not yet hardened or fully set. In particular, this refers to a concrete body that has not yet been transferred to a setting room or a setting chamber / drying room for complete curing.

[0033] A green strength concrete body is understood to mean, in particular, a concrete body in which the main compaction process has been completed but which has not yet set.

[0034] A concrete body in its green state is also referred to in the art as a "green" concrete blank. The green state of the concrete body means that the concrete body has already hardened to such an extent that it retains its shape when it leaves the production mold or the filling mold, or when it is removed from the mold.

[0035] It is advantageous if the concrete body, in its green state, preferably has a water / binder ratio of 0.35 to 0.45. The water / binder ratio is also referred to as the water / binder ratio (W / B ratio for short) and means that the concrete body has a water content of between 35% and 45% of the weight of the binder, which in concrete is usually cement. Other binders can also be used, in particular hydraulic binders such as fly ash, granulated blast furnace slag, or similar, or non-binding fillers such as limestone powder, or cement-free binders such as geopolymers or alkaline activators. Combinations of cement and / or hydraulic binders and / or fillers and / or cement-free binders are also possible.

[0036] The indentations are preferably created using a stamp, which is used for the primary compaction of the paving stone or the concrete body from which the paving stone is made. The stamp has a so-called negative mold, which, when pressed onto the top surface of the paving stone or the visible surface, imprints itself into the visible surface or the concrete body, thus forming at least one indentation. Additionally, the visible surface can also be structured and / or given a slightly uneven surface to further imitate the desired appearance.

[0037] The curved shape of the longitudinal sections is preferably created by a suitable shape of the molding box or filling mold in which the paving stone is manufactured. During the main compaction of the paving stone, a stamp is preferably pressed from above. This stamp is adapted to the shape of the molding box or filling mold and is preferably also used to imprint the indentations.

[0038] A particularly advantageous effect for the paving stone is achieved by the fact that the finishing process—that is, the irregular breaking and beating of the visible surface and the outer edge—is carried out only after the stamp, particularly the stamp intended for the main compaction, has made the impressions. The subsequent finishing process creates a surprising depth effect, which is particularly beneficial for the desired appearance.

[0039] It has proven particularly suitable for post-processing if a method such as that known from EP 1 699 609 B1 or EP 1 893 391 B1 is used. However, other post-processing methods can also be used, for example, those known from WO 02 / 45928 or DE 36 21 276 C2. In principle, post-processing can also be performed using hammer or ratchet methods.

[0040] The insertion of the indentations with the stated depth has proven to be sufficient to achieve the desired visual impression and, in particular, is not so deep that problems arise when cleaning the laid paving stone of dirt or when clearing snow.

[0041] The design of the outer edge with curved longitudinal sections with the aforementioned offset compared to the overhang on the stone flank also leads to the desired optical effect without impairing the function of the outer edge.

[0042] A combination of features a) and b) is particularly advantageous for imitating a fired brick. The design of a paving stone with spacer elements on the stone flanks, particularly preferably on all stone flanks, has proven particularly suitable for ensuring smooth and precise laying of the paving stone. This is particularly advantageous if, according to feature b), the longitudinal sections of the outer edge are curved. This provides a paving stone that is easy, cost-effective, and precise to lay, yet still has an attractive appearance.

[0043] According to the invention, it can further be provided that the paving stone has a rectangular basic grid with a basic width and a basic length, wherein the basic width corresponds to a greatest extension of the paving stone including the spacer elements in the width direction and the basic length corresponds to a greatest extension of the paving stone including the spacer elements in the length direction.

[0044] It has proven advantageous if the paving stone has a rectangular basic grid, which allows the paving stone to be laid easily, cost-effectively and in a defined manner, especially despite the formation of curved longitudinal sections and / or indentations in the outer edge.

[0045] It is advantageous if the spacer elements have an outer surface that runs essentially parallel to the stone flanks and is directed outwards, and wherein the outer surfaces of all spacer elements that are formed on one of the stone flanks run essentially in one plane.

[0046] Such a design has proven to be advantageous in order to enable a simple, cost-effective and defined laying of the paving stones with the aid of the spacer elements, without this being impaired by the curved design of the longitudinal sections and / or the indentations in the visible surface.

[0047] Because the outer surfaces of all spacer elements formed on one of the stone flanks run essentially in one plane, preferably in one plane, the paving stone is given a defined base side surface.

[0048] Two base side surfaces of the paving stone that run parallel to each other and in the longitudinal direction of the paving stone have a distance from each other that corresponds to the base width.

[0049] Two base side surfaces of the paving stone running parallel to each other and extending in the width direction of the paving stone have a distance from each other that corresponds to the base length of the paving stone.

[0050] Due to the defined design of the base side surfaces or the uniform base width and the uniform base length of the paving stone, it can be laid just as easily as a precisely cuboid-shaped paving stone, although the inventive design of the visible surface or the outer edge of the visible surface imitates a fired brick with an irregular design.

[0051] The paving stones preferably have a height of 50 mm to 90 mm, in particular 60 mm to 80 mm, particularly preferably 70 mm, based on the distance between an underside of the stone and the main plane of the visible surface.

[0052] The paving stones preferably have a base width of 90 mm to 150 mm, more preferably 100 mm to 140 mm, particularly preferably 110 mm to 130 mm, in particular 123 mm.

[0053] The paving stones preferably have a base length of 120 mm to 340 mm, more preferably 130 mm to 330 mm, particularly preferably 140 mm to 320 mm, in particular 150 mm to 310 mm. Paving stones with the aforementioned height and the aforementioned base width and a base length of 150 mm, 190 mm, 230 mm, 270 mm, and 310 mm have proven particularly advantageous, especially since a plurality of such paving stones together are suitable for forming a production layer comprising paving stones with a uniform height and a uniform base width, but with different base lengths.

[0054] It is advantageous if at least one indentation and / or the curved course of the longitudinal sections is embossed before post-processing.

[0055] It has proven particularly suitable to perform the finishing after the indentations and / or the curved shape of the longitudinal sections have been stamped. This results in a particularly attractive appearance and also allows the paving stone to be manufactured particularly reliably and cost-effectively.

[0056] It is advantageous if two or more indentations are embossed. This has proven particularly suitable for paving stones whose base length is at least 1.5 times, preferably twice, the base width, if they have two or more indentations.

[0057] According to the invention, it can further be provided that exactly one indentation is embossed and the indentation is embossed in one of the corners or in one of the longitudinal sections of the outer edge, or indentations are embossed in at least one of the corners, preferably in exactly one corner or in exactly two corners of the outer edge and in one or two of the longitudinal sections of the outer edge, or that indentations are embossed in only at least two of the corners, preferably exactly two corners of the outer edge, or that indentations are embossed in only two of the longitudinal sections of the outer edge. It has been shown that paving stones in which exactly one indentation is embossed have a particularly advantageous appearance if the indentation is embossed in one of the corners or in one of the longitudinal sections of the outer edge.

[0058] Furthermore, paving stones have proven to be particularly advantageous in which indentations are embossed in at least one of the corners, preferably in exactly one corner or in exactly two corners of the outer edge and in one or two of the longitudinal sections of the outer edge.

[0059] Furthermore, paving stones have proven to be particularly suitable in which impressions are embossed in at least two of the corners, preferably exactly in two corners of the outer edge.

[0060] Furthermore, paving stones have proven to be particularly suitable in which indentations are embossed only in two of the longitudinal sections of the outer edge, preferably in two longitudinal sections running parallel to each other, in particular if these extend along the length of the paving stone.

[0061] A combination of at least one, preferably several, of the aforementioned paving stones in such a way that they form a production layer or pallet layer, ie a layer of stones arranged on a pallet, has proven to be particularly suitable for laying a pavement with these stones.

[0062] In particular, it has been shown that just one or two indentations per paving stone can be sufficient to achieve an advantageous appearance.

[0063] According to the invention, it can further be provided that the at least one indentation has a length along the outer edge which is greater, preferably at least twice as large, in particular at least three times as large, than a width of the indentation which extends orthogonally to the length of the indentation and parallel to the visible surface or to the main plane of the visible surface.

[0064] Such a design of the indentation has proven to be particularly suitable, especially if the indentation is introduced into a longitudinal section of the outer edge.

[0065] Preferably, the length of the indentation along the outer edge is at least 20 mm, preferably at least 30 mm, in particular at least 40 mm, particularly preferably at least 50 mm, and preferably at most 100 mm, in particular at most 90 mm, further preferably at most 80 mm.

[0066] According to the invention, it can further be provided that at least one elevation is applied to the visible surface along a section of the outer edge, wherein the elevation interrupts the outer edge and the elevation is raised relative to the main plane of the visible surface by at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.5 mm and at most 3 mm, preferably at most 2 mm, in particular at most 1 mm.

[0067] It has been shown that, alternatively but preferably in addition to the formation of at least one indentation, a raised area is also applied to the visible surface. The raised area is likewise made of concrete and can preferably be created using a suitable stamp, in particular the stamp provided for compacting the concrete body. The stamp is preferably pressed onto a concrete body of the paving stone when this is in a green state. It has been shown to be particularly advantageous if the paving stone has only one raised area; however, it is also possible for the paving stone to have more than one, in particular two raised areas, in particular as a supplement to the indentations. The raised areas can be introduced either in one of the corners or along one of the longitudinal sections.It has been shown that for a particularly advantageous appearance, the elevation is preferably introduced along a longitudinal section. It has also been shown that it is advantageous if the elevation is introduced before post-processing, as this also results in the elevation being post-processed, and the post-processing creates a particularly advantageous appearance.

[0068] It has also been shown that the aforementioned values ​​are sufficient for the formation of the elevation; in particular, it is sufficient if the elevation is raised by a maximum of 3 mm, preferably a maximum of 2 mm, and especially a maximum of 1 mm above the main plane of the visible surface. The desired appearance is thus achieved without creating any disturbing unevenness, so that, for example, there are no disturbing stops when clearing snow.

[0069] The elevation may preferably have a length along the outer circumference which is greater, preferably at least twice as large, in particular at least three times as large, than a width of the elevation which extends orthogonally to the length of the indentation and parallel to the visible surface.

[0070] Preferably, the length of the elevation along the outer edge is at least 20 mm, preferably at least 30 mm, in particular at least 40 mm, particularly preferably at least 50 mm, and preferably at most 100 mm, in particular at most 90 mm, further preferably at most 80 mm.

[0071] The visible surface of the concrete body can be given a marbling appearance and / or a structuring and / or a multi-colored design by the concrete used to produce the concrete body. In addition or alternatively, it can also be provided that a color and / or aggregates, in particular fine-grained aggregates, are added to the concrete used to produce the concrete body. In a further development of the invention, it can further be provided that a recess is made in the visible surface, wherein the recess is made at a distance from the outer edge and at least approximately centered in the visible surface and is provided with an image element, in particular a coat of arms.

[0072] To imitate the appearance of a fired brick, it has proven advantageous for the paving stone to have a recess that is spaced from the outer edge and at least approximately centered or centrally located in the visible surface and is at least partially, preferably at least approximately completely, imprinted with a coat of arms. This gives the concrete paving stone a particularly impressive appearance, reminiscent of an antique wall made of fired bricks. Particularly if, in a production layer or a pallet layer of paving stones, only some of the paving stones have such a recess and a coat of arms, the result is an impressive pavement when the paving stones are laid on the ground.

[0073] The image element is preferably a coat of arms, but can in principle be any image element, such as a pictogram, a flower, or factual information, e.g., similar to traffic signs or parking area markings. The image element can also simply be lettering.

[0074] Insofar as reference is made below to a coat of arms, the disclosure is to be understood in such a way that it may also refer to any pictorial element.

[0075] The depression is preferably created by a stamp, in particular a stamp used to compact the concrete body.

[0076] The coat of arms or the image element can preferably also be applied by means of a stamp, in particular a stamp which is used to compact the concrete body.

[0077] However, the coat of arms or image element can also be applied by printing the recess. Preferably, the printing is done in such a way that the concrete body hardens after printing.

[0078] The printing of the concrete body with the coat of arms can preferably be carried out in a green state of the concrete body, in which the concrete body is dimensionally stable but not yet hardened.

[0079] The concrete body can preferably be printed with the emblem while it is still in a filling mold in which the concrete body is being compacted. However, the concrete body can also be printed with the emblem after the concrete body has left a filling mold in which the concrete body is being compacted. The printing can be carried out using a printing composition consisting essentially of color-imparting inorganic pigments and a preferably binder-free solvent or a preferably binder-free solvent mixture. However, other printing compositions can also be used.

[0080] It has been shown that it is advantageous to apply the crest using a stamp, particularly the stamp used to compact the concrete body, as this allows the desired appearance to be achieved particularly well and the crest is particularly resistant to weather conditions. Preferably, the indentation and the crest are applied in one step using the stamp, with the stamp used to compact the concrete body being used for this purpose.

[0081] It is advantageous if the recess is made before post-processing.

[0082] It is advantageous if the recess is 0.5 mm to 2 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 1 mm.

[0083] The specified values ​​have proven particularly suitable, as they prevent the recess from becoming a tripping hazard, allow for easy cleaning of debris, and prevent snow clearing. Nevertheless, the crest incorporated into the recess, especially since it is designed for post-processing, creates a particularly attractive visual effect, with a depth effect that is significantly greater than the recess itself suggests.

[0084] According to the invention, it can further be provided that at least the concrete forming the visible surface of the paving stone is colored.

[0085] It has been shown that the paving stone acquires a particularly advantageous appearance, similar to that of a fired brick, if the concrete forming the visible surface of the paving stone is colored.

[0086] It is advantageous if the paving stone is made of a core concrete and a facing concrete, with the facing concrete forming an upper area of ​​the paving stone that encompasses the visible surface.

[0087] In principle, it is possible and, for specific applications, even advantageous for the paving stone to consist of only one type of concrete, especially a core concrete. However, it has proven advantageous for many applications for the paving stone to be constructed from a core concrete and a facing concrete, particularly since the facing concrete is easier to work with. This can be suitable if the visible surface is to be reworked and / or to create indentations, curved longitudinal sections, elevations, and / or a depression.

[0088] It can be provided that the facing concrete formed in the upper area of ​​the paving stone has a thickness / height of 5% to 25%, in particular 10% to 20%, of the total thickness / height of the paving stone, i.e., that the paving stone consists predominantly of core concrete. The height or thickness of the facing concrete can preferably be 2 mm to 15 mm, in particular 5 mm to 10 mm.

[0089] It is advantageous if at least one indentation is only formed in the facing concrete.

[0090] The formation of at least one indentation only in the facing concrete has proven to be particularly suitable.

[0091] According to the invention, it can further be provided that only the facing concrete is colored.

[0092] By coloring only the facing concrete, a particularly cost-effective paving stone can be produced. It is particularly advantageous if the indentation is only formed in the colored facing concrete, i.e., if the thickness or height of the facing concrete is greater than the depth of the indentation. This prevents the underlying core concrete, which is preferably not colored for cost reasons, from being reached, thus avoiding any visual impairment.

[0093] It is advantageous if exactly one spacer element is formed on each of the two shorter stone flanks, wherein the spacer element has a length which is greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60%, more preferably greater than 70%, in particular greater than 80% of the length of the respective stone flank or the base width of the paving stone.

[0094] Such a design of spacer elements on the two shorter stone flanks, i.e., on the stone flanks that extend in a width direction (base width) of the paving stone, has proven particularly advantageous and cost-effective. The length of the respective stone flank or the length of the spacer element is understood to be an extension parallel to the longitudinal section of the outer edge associated with the respective stone flank.

[0095] According to the invention, it can further be provided that at least one spacer element, preferably exactly one spacer element, exactly two spacer elements, exactly three spacer elements or exactly four spacer elements are formed on each of the two longer stone flanks, wherein the total length of the spacer elements on the respective stone flank is greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60%, more preferably greater than 70%, in particular greater than 80% of the length of the respective stone flank or the basic length of the paving stone.

[0096] Such a design of spacer elements on the two longer stone flanks, i.e. on the stone flanks that extend in a longitudinal direction (basic length) of the paving stone, has proven to be particularly advantageous and cost-effective. The length of the respective stone flank or the length of the spacer element is understood to mean an extension parallel to the longitudinal section of the outer edge that is assigned to the respective stone flank. It has also proven advantageous if the total length of the spacer elements on the respective stone flank, compared to the length of the respective stone flank, has the aforementioned percentage values, as this ensures that two paving stones laid adjacent to one another always have the desired defined distance from one another and that there is sufficient space for filling material to be introduced between the paving stones.

[0097] It has proven to be suitable if at least one spacer element, preferably at least two spacer elements, is or are formed on each of the two longer stone flanks which extend in the length direction of the paving stone.

[0098] It can be advantageous if, for paving stones whose longer stone flank has a length that corresponds to 1 to 1.4 times the length of the shorter stone flank, only one spacer element is formed. For stones whose longer stone flank has a length that corresponds to 1.4 to 2.3 times the length of the shorter stone flank, it can be advantageous if two spacer elements are provided. For paving stones whose longer stone flanks have a length that is 2.3 to 3.0 times the length of the shorter stone flanks, it can be advantageous if three spacer elements are formed on each of the longer stone flanks.

[0099] According to the invention, it can further be provided that the width of a gap between two spacer elements formed on a stone flank is less than 50%, preferably less than 40%, in particular less than 30%, of the average length of the two spacer elements between which the gap is formed.

[0100] The values ​​mentioned have proven to be advantageous in order to ensure that two paving stones laid adjacent to each other always have the desired defined distance from each other and, in particular, are laid parallel to each other and, furthermore, that sufficient filling material can be placed between the paving stones.

[0101] The width of the gap is understood to be its extension parallel to the longitudinal section of the outer edge assigned to the respective stone flank.

[0102] According to the invention, it can further be provided that the spacer elements extend only over a part of the height of the paving stone and / or that the thickness of the spacer elements tapers towards an upper side of the paving stone.

[0103] The aforementioned design has proven advantageous for introducing a suitable amount of filler material between two paving stones laid side by side. It is advantageous if the main plane of the visible surface is uneven at least in sections, with the height difference of the unevenness being a maximum of 0.5 mm, preferably a maximum of 0.3 mm, and the unevenness being embossed into the visible surface before finishing.

[0104] It has proven advantageous if the main plane of the visible surface is essentially smooth, yet not completely flat, and exhibits a slight unevenness. The unevenness is preferably embossed into the visible surface before finishing using a stamp, in particular the stamp intended for compacting the concrete body. The unevenness is preferably embossed when the concrete body forming the paving stone is in a green-stable state.

[0105] According to the invention, it is provided that the indentation(s), the elevation(s), the depression, the crest, the unevenness in the main plane of the visible surface and / or other structuring of the visible surface are embossed by the same stamp in a single operation. This is preferably the stamp provided for compacting the concrete body. The stamp has a correspondingly suitable negative mold for embossing the aforementioned features. It is preferably provided that all features are embossed by the same stamp, in particular the stamp provided for compacting the concrete body, whereby not all features need to be implemented in the paving stone according to the invention. The embossing is preferably carried out in a preferably colored facing concrete.

[0106] It has surprisingly been found that by reworking the visible surface and the outer edge of the visible surface in such a way that they are irregularly broken and chipped, the indentations and / or the curved course of the longitudinal sections and / or the depression become clearly visible, even though the depressions in particular, but also the indentations, have only a comparatively small depth. A particularly good optical effect is created if at least the concrete forming the visible surface of the paving stone is colored, since in this case the reworking, in particular aging, of the kind known from EP 1 699 609 B1 or EP 1 893 391 B1, but also from other processes, in particular hammer-ratchet processes, creates surprising color differences that result in an advantageous appearance.

[0107] The indentation embossed into the visible surface along a section of the outer edge or the elevation applied along a section of the outer edge each interrupt the original course of the outer edge.

[0108] The deliberate depression created by the indentation, particularly in a corner or corner area or along a longitudinal section of the outer edge, results in the formation of an "inside edge," i.e., the outer edge is offset inward while remaining within the main plane of the visible surface. If a raised portion, also referred to as a negative phase, is applied to the visible surface, i.e., the concrete block material protrudes beyond the "regular" block surface or the main plane, the raised portion can also be designed to create an edge.

[0109] The edge created by the indentation or elevation or the modified edge profile preferably adjoins the original outer edge flush or is inserted into it.

[0110] The present invention also relates to a method for producing a paving stone from concrete.

[0111] The method according to the invention for producing a concrete paving stone with a visible surface having a main plane and a circumferential outer edge comprising corners and longitudinal sections provides that spacer elements are formed on stone flanks oriented perpendicular to the visible surface, said spacer elements projecting beyond the stone flanks. The invention further provides that a) at least one indentation is embossed into the visible surface along a section of the outer edge, wherein the indentation interrupts the outer edge and is 0.5 mm to 8 mm deeper than the main plane of the visible surface and / or b) the longitudinal sections of the outer edge are produced such that they have a curved shape, wherein the longitudinal sections are set back by at least 0.5 mm to a maximum of 10 mm compared to a projection resulting from the spacer elements on the stone flank along which the respective longitudinal section runs.

[0112] According to the invention, the visible surface and the outer edge are reworked after steps a) and / or b) so that the visible surface and the outer edge are irregularly broken and chipped.

[0113] It has been shown that with the method according to the invention, in particular by reworking the visible surface and the outer edge after steps a) and / or b), a visually particularly advantageous paving stone can be produced, the visible surface of which is resistant to weather conditions.

[0114] The method according to the invention makes it possible to imitate a fired brick.

[0115] An advantageous paving stone is obtained simply by performing step a) or step b). A particularly preferred paving stone can be produced using the method according to the invention by performing steps a) and b).

[0116] The at least one indentation according to step a) is preferably embossed or produced by a stamp. This can be any stamp. Preferably, the stamp can be a stamp that is used to compact the concrete during the production of the paving stone. In a conventional manner, the concrete used to produce the paving stone or the concrete body that forms the paving stone, preferably a colored concrete and / or a mixture of different types of concrete, is poured into a filling mold to shape the concrete body. The filling mold can be part of a production mold for producing a production layer, i.e. a plurality of paving stones.It is provided that after the concrete has been poured into the filling mold, vibration and compaction take place, preferably using a stamp. The stamp is preferably also used to imprint at least one indentation into the visible surface during compaction. For this purpose, the stamp has a corresponding negative mold in a generally known manner.

[0117] The curved shape of the longitudinal sections of the outer edge is preferably achieved by ensuring that the filling mold has a suitable shape or profile. The stamp intended for compaction is adapted to the profile of the filling mold.

[0118] It is advantageous if the impression is impressed into a concrete body forming the paving stone when the concrete body is in a green state, wherein the concrete of the concrete body in the green state preferably has a water-to-binder ratio of 0.35 to 0.45.

[0119] It is further advantageous if at least one elevation is applied to the visible surface along a section of the outer edge, wherein the elevation interrupts the outer edge and the elevation is raised relative to the main plane of the visible surface by at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.5 mm, and at most 3 mm, preferably at most 2 mm, in particular at most 1 mm.

[0120] The elevation can preferably be introduced in the same work step and preferably with the same stamp as the indentation.

[0121] According to the invention, it can further be provided that at least the visible surface of the paving stone is colored, wherein the visible surface of the paving stone is preferably formed from a facing concrete.

[0122] Preferably, the main part of the paving stone consists of core concrete, with at least the visible surface or the upper area of ​​the paving stone being formed from the facing concrete.

[0123] According to the invention, it can further be provided that a recess is formed in the visible surface, wherein the recess is formed at a distance from the outer edge and at least approximately centered in the visible surface and is provided with an image element, in particular a coat of arms. The recess and / or the coat of arms or the image element can preferably be embossed using the same stamp and in the same work step as the indentation and / or the longitudinal sections are given a curved shape. However, a separate stamp can also be used for this purpose.

[0124] It can also be provided that the coat of arms is printed. Preferably, the printing of the recess or the corresponding area of ​​the visible surface of the concrete body takes place while the concrete body is in its green state. The printing can be done while the concrete body is being compacted or after the concrete body has left the filling mold in which it is being compacted.

[0125] It may be provided that, after curing, a coating is applied to the printed and cured visible surface of the concrete body or paving stone. This coating can preferably be a coating that cures with the aid of UV radiation or is self-curing.

[0126] The coat of arms can be sprayed on. The coating can also be sprayed on.

[0127] For printing, a printing composition consisting essentially of color-providing inorganic pigments and a preferably binder-free solvent or a preferably binder-free solvent mixture can be used. An inkjet printer can preferably be used to print the recess or the corresponding visible surface of the concrete body. Preferably, printing takes place directly onto the visible surface of the concrete body, i.e. directly onto the concrete, in particular the facing concrete, which is also referred to as the facing layer. For printing, a printing composition consisting essentially of color-providing inorganic pigments, polyacrylate as a binder, and a solvent or a solvent mixture can also be used.

[0128] It is preferably provided that the printing composition contains no siloxane, no silane and no resin, ie is siloxane-free, silane-free and resin-free.

[0129] It can be provided that the main plane of the visible surface is manufactured in such a way that it is uneven or slightly uneven at least in sections, preferably continuously, with the height difference of the unevenness being a maximum of 0.5 mm, preferably 0.2 mm, and the unevenness being embossed into the visible surface before post-processing. A stamp is preferably used for this purpose. This is preferably the stamp with which the indentation is also embossed.

[0130] Within the scope of the method according to the invention, it is preferably provided that all impressions or impressions, ie the impression in the visible surface, the elevation, the depression, the crest, the unevenness of the visible surface and / or a structuring of the visible surface, are produced with a stamp in one work step, wherein the stamp is preferably the stamp which is used to compact the concrete of the paving stone or the concrete body when the concrete is in a filling mold of a production mold.

[0131] The invention also relates to a production layer or a pallet layer comprising a plurality of paving stones.

[0132] The production layer according to the invention or the pallet layer according to the invention (hereinafter also referred to as "layer") has a plurality of paving stones according to one of claims 1 to 19 or one of the aforementioned embodiments or are produced according to a method according to one of claims 20 to 24. According to the invention, it is provided that all paving stones of the layer have a rectangular basic grid with a basic width and a basic length, wherein the basic width corresponds to a greatest extent of the paving stone including the spacer elements in the width direction and the basic length corresponds to a greatest extent of the paving stone including the spacer elements in the length direction, wherein all paving stones of the layer have the same basic width and wherein the paving stones of the layer have at least three different basic lengths, wherein the layer has at least 10, preferably at least 15, more preferably at least 20,even more preferably at least 25, in particular at least 30, particularly preferably 32 paving stones, and wherein at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90% of the paving stones have a different design of the visible surface, which results in particular from different indentations and / or different elevations and / or a different curved course of the longitudinal sections.

[0133] It has been shown that a particularly advantageous production layer or pallet layer is provided by ensuring that the stones in the layer meet the aforementioned characteristics. This allows for a particularly visually and aesthetically pleasing paving pattern during installation, creating the impression that the laying pattern or the paving consists of different stones, even though (only) a limited number of different stones are involved.

[0134] Preferably, the layer comprises at most seventy paving stones, preferably at most sixty paving stones, in particular at most fifty paving stones and particularly preferably at most forty paving stones, in particular preferably thirty-two paving stones.

[0135] With this limited number of paving stones and the defined percentage of different paving stones, an advantageous pavement can be created or laid. It is particularly preferred if the layer comprises 32 stones, with 27 stones having a different design of the visible surface, which results in particular from different indentations and / or different elevations and / or a different curved course of the longitudinal sections. It is preferably provided that for all paving stones in the layer, at least the concrete forming the visible surface of the paving stone is colored.

[0136] The paving stones in the layer preferably each have the same height (base height), which means that the height, starting from the underside of the paving stones up to the main plane or the regular plane of the visible surface, is identical. Furthermore, the paving stones in the layer have the same base width. The paving stones in the layer also have at least three, preferably at least four, in particular at least five and at most nine, preferably at most eight, in particular at most seven, different base lengths. The design of the paving stones in the layer such that they have five to seven, preferably six, different base lengths has proven to be particularly suitable. This results in an advantageous laying pattern during laying which is not, or not immediately, recognizable that it is formed from only a limited number of paving stones.It has proven advantageous if the paving stone with the longest base length is a maximum of three times as long, preferably a maximum of 2.5 times as long, as the paving stone with the shortest base length. Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if the paving stone with the longest base length is at least 1.5 times, preferably at least twice, as long as the paving stone with the shortest base length. The paving stone with the shortest base length preferably has a length of at least 120 mm, and the paving stone with the longest length has a length of at most 360 mm.

[0137] Preferably, a layer of paving stones may also include paving stones, preferably at least one paving stone, that has a recess in which a coat of arms is incorporated. Preferably, 10 to 25% of the paving stones in a layer have such a coat of arms. When forming a layer with at least 25 and at most 40 stones, particularly when the layer has 32 stones, it has proven advantageous for six paving stones to each have a preferably individual coat of arms.

[0138] A production layer is understood to be a layer as it is manufactured in a production mold, with the production mold having a number of filling molds corresponding to the number of paving stones. A pallet layer is understood to be a layer of paving stones as they are arranged on a pallet for transport. The production layer and the pallet layer are preferably identical, so that sorting or restacking after production is not necessary.

[0139] It has proven particularly suitable if each paving stone in the production layer or pallet layer has at least one indentation. Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if each paving stone in the layer has longitudinal sections with a curved profile. Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if some of the paving stones, preferably less than 50% of the paving stones, also have an elevation. Furthermore, it has proven advantageous if the paving stones are formed from a core concrete and a facing concrete, with the facing concrete being colored and forming an upper region of the paving stone comprising the visible surface.

[0140] Features described in connection with one of the subject matters of the invention, namely the paving stone according to the invention, the method according to the invention, and the production layer or pallet layer according to the invention, can also be advantageously implemented for the other subject matters of the invention. Likewise, advantages mentioned in connection with one of the subject matters of the invention can also be understood to apply to the other subject matters of the invention.

[0141] It should also be noted that terms such as "comprising," "having," or "with" do not exclude other features or steps. Furthermore, terms such as "a" or "the," which refer to a singular number of steps or features, do not exclude a plurality of features or steps—and vice versa.

[0142] It should be noted that terms such as “first” or “second” are used primarily to distinguish between respective device or process features and are not intended to imply that features are mutually dependent or related to one another.

[0143] The invention is described in more detail below with reference to the drawing and an embodiment.

[0144] The figures each show preferred embodiments in which individual features of the present invention are illustrated in combination with one another. Features of one embodiment can also be implemented independently of the other features of the same embodiment.

[0145] In the figures, functionally identical elements are provided with the same reference numerals.

[0146] Figures 1 to 27 show detailed paving stones with indentations and a curved longitudinal section, some with depressions or elevations. These paving stones have proven particularly suitable for creating the desired appearance and aesthetics, especially when arranged as a production layer or pallet layer.

[0147] It shows:

[0148] Figures 1 a - 1 e show a paving stone in a first embodiment;

[0149] Figures 2a - 2b show a paving stone in a second embodiment;

[0150] Figure 3 shows a paving stone in a third embodiment; Figures 4a - 4b show a paving stone in a fourth embodiment;

[0151] Figures 5a - 5b show a paving stone in a fifth embodiment;

[0152] Figure 6 shows a paving stone in a sixth embodiment;

[0153] Figure 7 shows a paving stone in a seventh embodiment;

[0154] Figure 8 shows a paving stone in an eighth embodiment;

[0155] Figures 9a - 9b show a paving stone in a ninth embodiment;

[0156] Figures 10a - 10b show a paving stone in a tenth embodiment;

[0157] Figure 11 shows a paving stone in an eleventh embodiment;

[0158] Figures 12a - 12b show a paving stone in a twelfth embodiment;

[0159] Figures 13a - 13b show a paving stone in a thirteenth embodiment;

[0160] Figures 14a - 14b show a paving stone in a fourteenth embodiment;

[0161] Figures 15a - 15b show a paving stone in a fifteenth embodiment;

[0162] Figures 16a - 16b show a paving stone in a sixteenth embodiment;

[0163] Figures 17a - 17e show a paving stone in a seventeenth embodiment;

[0164] Figures 18a - 18b show a paving stone in an eighteenth embodiment;

[0165] Figures 19a - 19b show a paving stone in a nineteenth embodiment;

[0166] Figures 20a - 20b show a paving stone in a twentieth embodiment;

[0167] Figures 21a - 21b show a paving stone in a twenty-first embodiment;

[0168] Figures 22a - 22e show a paving stone in a twenty-second embodiment;

[0169] Figures 23a - 23b show a paving stone in a twenty-third embodiment; Figures 24a - 24b show a paving stone in a twenty-fourth embodiment;

[0170] Figures 25a - 25e show a paving stone in a twenty-fifth embodiment;

[0171] Figures 26a - 26b show a paving stone in a twenty-sixth embodiment;

[0172] Figures 27a - 27b show a paving stone in a twenty-seventh embodiment;

[0173] Figure 28 shows a production layer or pallet layer of a plurality of paving stones, some of the paving stones being provided with a coat of arms;

[0174] Figure 29 shows a production layer or pallet layer of a plurality of paving stones; and

[0175] Figure 30 shows a schematic cross-section through a production mold with an exemplary representation of five filling molds, in each of which a concrete body or a paving stone is or will be formed, wherein the concrete body has a facing concrete and a core concrete, and with a representation of stamps which can be pressed from above onto one of the concrete bodies in order to compact them and to imprint impressions and / or to form elevations and / or to introduce depressions and / or crests and / or to provide a visible surface of the paving stone with an unevenness and / or a structuring.

[0176] The following exemplary embodiments serve to disclose an advantageous paving stone 1 made of concrete and an advantageous method for producing such a paving stone 1. A particularly advantageous production position or a pallet position comprising a plurality of paving stones 1 is shown in Figures 28 and 29.

[0177] Methods for producing paving stones are well known in the general state of the art, which is why they will not be discussed in more detail below.

[0178] From the general prior art, in particular EP 1 699 609 B1 and EP 1 893 391 B1, particularly advantageous methods for post-processing concrete stones, in particular concrete paving stones, are also known so that they lose their artificial appearance or are artificially aged. As an alternative to these methods, aging in a rotating drum can also be provided or, for example, the use of hammer or ratchet systems with which the paving stone, in particular a visible surface and an outer edge of the visible surface, can be processed. Figures 1a to 1e show a first embodiment of a concrete paving stone 1. Figure 1a shows a perspective view of the paving stone. Figure 1b shows a plan view of a visible surface 2 of the paving stone. The visible surface 2 has a main plane and a circumferential outer edge 5 having corners 3 and longitudinal sections 4.

[0179] Figure 1c and Figure 1d show stone flanks 6,7 aligned perpendicular to the visible surface 2, wherein Figure 1c shows a longer stone flank 6 extending in the length direction of the paving stone 1 and Figure 1d shows a shorter stone flank 7 extending in the width direction of the paving stone 1.

[0180] Spacer elements 8 are formed on the stone flanks 6,7, which protrude beyond the respective stone flank 6,7.

[0181] Figure 1 e shows a section through the paving stone 1 in the area of ​​one of the stone flanks 6,7, so that the contour of the spacer element 8 and its projection over the respective stone flank 6,7 is shown.

[0182] As can be seen from Figure 1, the paving stone 1 has at least one indentation 9 along a portion of the outer edge 5. The indentation 9 is embossed into the visible surface 2. The indentation 9 is arranged such that the indentation 9 interrupts the (original) outer edge 5. The indentation 9 is recessed by 0.5 mm to 8 mm relative to the main plane of the visible surface.

[0183] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 1 is further characterized in that the longitudinal sections 4 of the outer edge 5 are curved, wherein the longitudinal sections 4 are set back by at least 0.5 mm to at most 10 mm compared to a projection resulting from the spacer elements 8 on the stone flank 6, 7 along which the respective longitudinal section 4 runs.

[0184] The embodiment according to Figure 1 and also the other embodiments of the paving stone 1 according to Figures 2 to 27 are to be understood in such a way that only (at least) one indentation 9 or a curved course of the longitudinal sections 4 according to feature a) or feature b) of claim 1 can be provided. However, the formation of at least one indentation 9 and the formation of a curved course of the longitudinal sections 4 are particularly preferred.

[0185] In the embodiment according to Figure 1, two indentations 9 are provided, which are each introduced in the corners 3 or in corner regions of the outer edge 5, preferably in diagonally opposite corners 3 of the paving stone 1.

[0186] Paving stone 1 has a rectangular base grid with a base width of 10 and a base length of 11. Base width 10 corresponds to the maximum width of paving stone 1, including spacer elements 8. Base length 11 corresponds to the maximum length of paving stone 1, including spacer elements 8. The base grid with base width 10 and base length 11 is shown in Figure 1b by the dashed lines.

[0187] The spacer elements 8 in the exemplary embodiments have an outer surface 8a extending substantially parallel to the respective stone flank 6, 7 and directed outwards. The outer surfaces 8a of all spacer elements 8 formed on one of the stone flanks 6, 7 extend substantially in one plane. In the exemplary embodiments, it is provided that the outer surfaces 8a of all spacer elements 8 formed on the same stone flank 6, 7 extend in one plane. This gives the paving stone 1 an advantageous rectangular basic grid with the basic width 10 and the basic length 11. The plane of the outer surfaces 8a on the respective stone flank 6, 7 defines a base side surface of the paving stone, with which it can be connected to another paving stone laid adjacently.

[0188] 1 is adjacent.

[0189] In the exemplary embodiments, it is provided that the at least one indentation 9 is embossed before post-processing. In the exemplary embodiment, it is provided that the visible surface 2, i.e. the main plane of the visible surface 2 and the outer edge 5 of the visible surface 2, is or will be post-processed in such a way that the visible surface 2 and the outer edge 5 are irregularly broken and chipped, for which the methods according to EP 1 699 609 B1 and EP 1 893 391 B1 are particularly suitable. However, hammering, ratcheting or other striking or knocking of the visible surface 2 and the outer edge 5 can also be provided, so that the visible surface 2 and the outer edge 5 are irregularly broken and chipped.

[0190] As shown in the embodiments according to Figures 1 to 27, the paving stone 1 can have two or more indentations 9 or two or more indentations can be made in the visible surface

[0191] 2 be engraved.

[0192] In the exemplary embodiments, the at least one indentation 9 preferably has a length along the outer edge 5 which is greater, preferably at least twice as large, in particular at least three times as large as a width of the indentation 9 which extends orthogonally to the length of the indentation 9 and parallel to the visible surface 2 or parallel to the main plane of the visible surface 2.

[0193] In the exemplary embodiment, it can be provided that at least one elevation 12 is applied to the visible surface 2 along a section of the outer edge 5, wherein the elevation 12 interrupts the outer edge 5 and the elevation 12 is raised relative to the main plane of the visible surface 2 by at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.5 mm and at most 3 mm, preferably at most 2 mm, in particular at most 1 mm. Such an elevation 12 is shown in Figures 2, 5, 10, 13, 15, 17, 19, 21 and 26. The paving stones 1 preferably have only one such elevation 12, but of course more than one elevation 12 can also be provided. The elevation 12 is preferably applied to a longitudinal section 4 of the outer edge 5.It can be provided that a depression 13 is introduced into the visible surface 2 of the paving stones 1, wherein the depression 13 is introduced at a distance from the outer edge 5 and at least approximately centered in the visible surface 2 and is provided with a coat of arms 14. Instead of a coat of arms 14, it can also be another image element; all exemplary embodiments are to be understood accordingly. The depression 13 can preferably have a depth of 0.5 mm to 2 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 1 mm. The depression 13 preferably has an at least approximately flat base, which is at least partially provided with the coat of arms 14.

[0194] The recess 13 and the emblem 14 can preferably be embossed, for example, with a stamp. The emblem 14 can also be produced by printing, in particular by spraying.

[0195] Advantageous paving stones 1 having a recess 13 and a crest 14 are shown in Figures 3, 6, 7, 8, 11 and 16.

[0196] In the exemplary embodiment, at least the concrete forming the visible surface 2 of the paving stone 1 is colored. This may also be multicolored concrete.

[0197] Paving stone 1 can be made of any type of concrete. For example, paving stone 1 can be made entirely of core concrete.

[0198] It can be particularly advantageous if the paving stone 1 is formed from a core concrete 15 and a facing concrete 16. The facing concrete 16 forms an upper region of the paving stone 1 encompassing the visible surface 2.

[0199] Such a paving stone 1 or a concrete body, which is formed from a core concrete 15 and a facing concrete 16, is shown in principle in Figure 30.

[0200] Insofar as the paving stone 1 is designed to be formed from a core concrete 15 and a facing concrete 16, it is preferably provided that the at least one indentation 9 is formed only in the facing concrete 16, ie, that the indentation 9 does not penetrate so deeply into the paving stone 1 that the core concrete 15 is reached. It is also preferably provided that only the facing concrete 16, but not the core concrete 15, is colored.

[0201] As can be seen from the paving stones 1 according to Figures 1 to 27, preferably only one spacer element 8 is formed on each of the two shorter stone flanks 7, ie exactly one spacer element 8. The spacer element 8 has a length (along the stone flank 7) which is greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60%, more preferably greater than 70%, in particular greater than 80% of the length of the respective stone flank 7 or the basic width 10 of the paving stone 1.Furthermore, at least one spacer element 8, preferably exactly one spacer element (Figures 22 to 24), exactly two spacer elements (Figures 1 to 16 and Figures 25 to 27), or exactly three spacer elements (Figures 17 to 21) is formed on each of the two longer stone flanks 6 of the paving stones 1 according to Figures 1 to 27, wherein the total length of the spacer elements 8 on the respective stone flank 6 (measured on the respective stone flank 6) is greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60%, more preferably greater than 70%, in particular greater than 80% of the length of the respective stone flank 6 of the paving stone 1 or the basic length 11 of the paving stone 1.

[0202] Preferably, the width of a gap 17 between two spacer elements 8 formed on a stone flank 6 is less than 50%, preferably less than 40%, in particular less than 30% of the average length of the two spacer elements 8 between which the gap 17 is formed. The width of the gap 17 runs parallel to the base length 11.

[0203] Preferably, the spacer elements 8 on a stone flank 6 each have the same length or the same extension along the length of the respective stone flank 6.

[0204] As can be seen in particular from Figures 1e, 17e, 22e, and 25e, the spacer elements 8 in all paving stones according to Figures 1 to 27 extend only over a portion of the height. Preferably, it is further provided that the thickness of the spacer elements 8 tapers toward an upper side of the paving stone 1 or toward the visible surface 2, as shown in the figures.

[0205] In the paving stones 1 according to Figures 1 to 27, it is preferably provided that the main plane of the visible surface 2 is uneven at least in sections. The height differences of the unevenness are a maximum of 0.5 mm, preferably a maximum of 0.3 mm. The unevenness is preferably embossed into the visible surface 2 before finishing, preferably with the aid of a stamp, which also embosses the at least one indentation 9.

[0206] The exemplary embodiment also serves to disclose a method for producing a paving stone 1 from concrete. Provision is made for spacer elements 8 to be formed on the stone flanks 6, 7, said spacer elements projecting beyond the stone flanks 6, 7. Furthermore, provision is made for: a) at least one indentation 9 to be embossed into the visible surface 2 along a portion of the outer edge 5, wherein the indentation 9 interrupts the outer edge 5 and is recessed by 0.5 mm to 8 mm relative to the main plane of the visible surface 2, and / or b) the longitudinal sections 4 of the outer edge 5 are produced such that they have a curved shape, wherein the longitudinal sections 4 are set back by at least 0.5 mm to a maximum of 10 mm compared to a projection resulting from the spacer elements 8 on the stone flank 6, 7, along which the respective longitudinal section 4 runs.Furthermore, it is provided that the visible surface 2 and the outer edge 5 are reworked after steps a) and / or b) so that the visible surface 2 and the outer edge 5 are irregularly broken and chipped.

[0207] Within the scope of the method according to the invention, it is further preferably provided that the impressions 9 are impressed into a concrete body forming the paving stone 1 when the concrete body is in a green state, wherein the concrete of the concrete body in the green state preferably has a water-to-binder ratio of 0.35 to 0.45.

[0208] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that at least one elevation 12 is applied to the visible surface along a section of the outer edge 5, wherein the elevation 12 interrupts the outer edge 5 and the elevation 12 is raised relative to the main plane of the visible surface 2 by at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.5 mm and at most 3 mm, preferably at most 2 mm, in particular at most 1 mm.

[0209] Furthermore, it is preferably provided that at least the visible surface 2 of the paving stone 1 is colored, wherein the visible surface 2 of the paving stone 1 is preferably formed from a facing concrete 16.

[0210] Within the scope of the method, it is further preferably provided that a recess 13 is introduced into the visible surface 2, wherein the recess 13 is introduced into the visible surface 2 at a distance from the outer edge 5 and at least approximately centered and is provided with the coat of arms 14.

[0211] An exemplary method for producing the paving stone 1 from concrete or a concrete body is shown in Figure 30. In this case, it can be provided that the core concrete 15 is first poured into a filling mold 18. The core concrete 15 used to produce the paving stone 1 is preferably not colored. After the core concrete has been poured, in the exemplary embodiment according to Figure 30, a colored concrete and / or a mixture of differently colored concrete is poured into the filling mold 18 to form the visible surface 2 of the paving stone 1. This is preferably the facing concrete 16, which is generally less coarse than the core concrete 15. The concrete that forms the visible surface 2 of the concrete body or the facing concrete 16 preferably differs in color from the core concrete 15 in that the facing concrete 16 is colored and / or is formed from a mixture of different types of concrete.

[0212] Alternatively, it can also be provided that the paving stone 1 consists of only one concrete or one type of concrete, for example only of the facing concrete 16 or the core concrete 15, which is then filled into the filling mold 18 accordingly.

[0213] The paving stone 1 is preferably formed of at least 70% and at most 90% of its volume from the core concrete 15. The remaining volume is formed by the facing concrete 16. To produce the paving stone 1, it is preferably provided that the core concrete 15 is first poured into the filling mold 18. This is preferably followed by vibration and / or intermediate compaction, preferably with the aid of a stamp 19. The facing concrete 16 is then filled into the filling mold 18 to form the visible surface 2. This is preferably followed by vibration and compaction again, in particular with the aid of the stamp 19. Vibration units are preferably used for the vibration, which are placed beneath a production mold 20 which forms the filling molds 18. After the facing concrete 16 has been poured in, the main compaction preferably takes place. The main compaction can preferably again be carried out with the aid of the stamp 19.

[0214] Preferably, with the aid of the stamp 19, in particular preferably with the aid of the stamp with which the compaction or the main compaction is carried out, the at least one indentation 9 and / or the elevation 12 and / or the depression 13 and / or the crest 14 and / or the unevenness of the visible surface 2 and / or a structuring is also embossed or formed.

[0215] In the exemplary embodiments, it is preferably provided that the curved course of the longitudinal sections 4 is formed by a correspondingly suitable filling form 18.

[0216] In the exemplary embodiment, the production mold 20 has five filling molds 18 in order to form a corresponding number of paving stones 1.

[0217] However, the production mold 20 preferably has at least ten, preferably at least fifteen, more preferably at least twenty, even more preferably at least twenty-five, in particular at least thirty, particularly preferably thirty-two filling molds in order to form a corresponding number of paving stones 1. The production mold 20 preferably has fewer than seventy, preferably fewer than sixty, more preferably fewer than fifty, even more preferably fewer than forty, in particular fewer than thirty-five filling molds for forming a corresponding number of paving stones 1. A particularly suitable production mold 20 can also be seen from the illustration in Figures 28 and 29. The production mold 20 preferably corresponds to the production layer 21 shown in Figures 28 and 29 or to a corresponding pallet layer.

[0218] Figures 28 and 29 show an advantageous production layer 21 or a pallet layer with a plurality of paving stones in the exemplary embodiment 32 paving stones 1, which are the paving stones 1 according to the invention or paving stones 1 which are produced according to the method according to the invention.

[0219] In the embodiment according to Figure 28, layer 21 comprises thirty-two paving stones 1, which are twenty-seven different paving stones 1, as shown in Figures 1 to 27. Five of the paving stones are present in duplicate. The paving stones 1 shown in Figures 1, 4, 10, 17, and 25 are present in duplicate.

[0220] Figure 29 differs from Figure 28 in that the paving stones for which a crest 14 is provided according to Figure 28 do not have this in production layer 21 according to Figure 29. Production layer 21 according to Figure 29 has only 21 different paving stones 1.

[0221] The production layer 21, in particular the production layer 21 shown in Figures 28 and 29, is characterized in that all paving stones 1 of the layer have a rectangular basic grid with a basic width 10 and a basic length 11, wherein the basic width 10 corresponds to a greatest extent of the paving stone 1 including the spacer elements 8 in the width direction and the basic length 11 corresponds to a greatest extent of the paving stone 1 including the spacer elements 8 in the length direction. All paving stones 1 of the layer 21 have the same basic width 10. The paving stones 1 of the layer have at least three different basic lengths 11, preferably at least four different basic lengths, in particular at least five different basic lengths, preferably exactly six or exactly seven different basic lengths.

[0222] Preferably, the layer 21 comprises at least twenty, preferably at least twenty-five, in particular at least thirty, particularly preferably thirty-two paving stones 1. Preferably, it is further provided that at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90% of the paving stones have a different design of the visible surface, which results in particular from different indentations 9 and / or different elevations 12 and / or differently curved profiles of the longitudinal sections 4 and / or depression 13 with crest 14.

[0223] Preferably, a production layer 21 has eight rows of paving stones 1, wherein preferably four paving stones 1 are arranged in each row.

[0224] The paving stones 1 preferably have a base width of 90 mm to 150 mm, more preferably of 100 mm to 140 mm, particularly preferably of 110 mm to 130 mm, in particular of 123 mm.

[0225] The smallest basic length is preferably at least 120 mm, preferably at least 130 mm, more preferably at least 140 mm and at most 180 mm, preferably at most 170 mm, more preferably at most 160 mm. In the exemplary embodiment, the smallest basic length is 150 mm. The largest basic length is preferably at least 280 mm, more preferably at least 290 mm, in particular preferably at least 300 mm and preferably at most 340 mm, more preferably at most 330 mm, in particular at most 320 mm. In the exemplary embodiment, the largest basic length is 310 mm. The height (basic height) of the paving stone is preferably 60 to 90 mm, in particular 60 to 80 mm, particularly preferably 70 mm.

[0226] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 2 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 1 in that an additional elevation 12 is provided.

[0227] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 3 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 1 in that a recess 13 and a crest 14 are additionally provided.

[0228] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 4 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 1 by the indentations 9 and a different course of the longitudinal sections 4. Furthermore, the spacer elements 8 also have a different contour.

[0229] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 5 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 4 in that an additional elevation 12 is provided.

[0230] The paving stones 1 according to Figures 6, 7 and 8 differ from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 4 in that an additional recess 13 with a crest 14 is provided.

[0231] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 9 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 1 by the indentation 9 and a different course of the longitudinal sections 4. Furthermore, the spacer elements 8 also have a different contour.

[0232] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 10 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 9 in that an additional elevation 12 is provided.

[0233] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 11 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 9 in that a recess 13 and a crest 14 are additionally provided.

[0234] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 12 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 1 by the indentations 9 and the course of the longitudinal sections 4. Furthermore, the paving stone 1 according to Figure 12 has a shorter basic length 11. In addition, the spacer elements 8 have a different contour.

[0235] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 13 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 12 in that an additional elevation 12 is provided.

[0236] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 14 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 1 by the indentation 9 and the course of the longitudinal sections 4. Furthermore, the paving stone 1 according to Figure 14 has a shorter basic length 11. The basic length 11 corresponds to the basic length 11 of the paving stone 1 according to Figure 12. In addition, the spacer elements 8 have a different contour (compared to Figure 1).

[0237] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 15 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 14 in that an additional elevation 12 is provided.

[0238] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 16 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 1 by the indentation 9, the course of the longitudinal sections 4, as well as the depression 13 and the crest 14. Furthermore, the paving stone 1 according to Figure 16 has a shorter base length 11. The base 11 corresponds to the base length 11 of the paving stone 1 according to Figure 12. In addition, the spacer elements 8 have a different contour (compared to Figure 1).

[0239] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 17 has a greater base length 11 than the paving stone 1 according to Figure 1. Three spacer elements 8 are provided on each of the longer stone flanks 6. The paving stone 1 according to Figure 17 has an indentation 9 in a corner 3 and a protrusion 12 in one of the longitudinal sections 4. The paving stone 1 according to Figure 17 also differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 1 in the course of the longitudinal sections 4 of the outer edge 5 and the contour of the spacer elements 8.

[0240] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 18 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 17 by the indentations 9 and the course of the longitudinal sections 4. Furthermore, the spacer elements 8 also have a different contour.

[0241] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 19 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 18 in that an additional elevation 12 is provided.

[0242] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 20 differs from the paving stone according to Figure 17 by the indentations 9 and the course of the longitudinal sections 4. Furthermore, the spacer elements 8 also have a different contour.

[0243] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 21 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 20 in that an additional indentation 9 is provided.

[0244] The paving stones 1 according to Figures 17 to 21 have the greatest basic length 11 in a preferred production position 21, as shown in Figures 28 and 29.

[0245] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 22 has a shorter basic length 11 than the paving stone 1 according to Figure 1. The basic length 11 is also shorter than the basic length 11 of the paving stone 1 according to Figure 12. Only one spacer element 8 is formed on each of the stone flanks 6, 7. The paving stone 1 according to Figure 22 further differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 1 by the indentation 9 formed in a corner 3 and the course of the longitudinal sections 4. In addition, the spacer elements 8 also have a different contour.

[0246] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 23 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 22 by the indentation 9 and the course of the longitudinal sections 4. Furthermore, the spacer elements 8 also have a different contour.

[0247] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 24 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 22 by the indentation 9 and the course of the longitudinal sections 4. Furthermore, the spacer elements 8 also have a different contour.

[0248] The paving stones 1 according to Figures 22 to 24 have the smallest basic length 11 in a preferred production position 21, as shown in Figures 28 and 29.

[0249] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 25 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 1 by a shorter basic length 11. The basic length 11 of the paving stone 1 according to Figure 25 is shorter than the basic length 11 of the paving stone 1 according to Figure 12, but longer than the basic length 11 of the paving stone 1 according to Figure 22. Two spacer elements 8 are formed on the longer stone flanks 6.

[0250] Furthermore, the paving stone 1 according to Figure 25 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 1 by the indentations 9 and the course of the longitudinal sections 4. The paving stone 1 according to Figure 25 also differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 1 by the contour of the spacer elements 8.

[0251] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 26 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 25 by the indentations 9 and the course of the longitudinal sections 4. Furthermore, the spacer elements 8 also have a different contour.

[0252] The paving stone 1 according to Figure 27 differs from the paving stone 1 according to Figure 25 by the indentations 9 and the course of the longitudinal sections 4. Furthermore, the spacer elements 8 also have a different contour.

[0253] The paving stones 1 according to Figures 1 to 27, which also form the production layer 21 according to Figures 28 and 29, each have, as already described, an identical base width 10 and an identical base height with the preferred values ​​specified, for which reference is also made to the explanations for Figures 28 and 29. In the exemplary embodiment, the base width is 123 mm and the base height is 70 mm. Preferred values ​​for the base length 11 for the paving stones 1 are given below.

[0254] The paving stones 1 according to Figures 1 to 11 preferably have a base length 11 of at least 250 mm, more preferably at least 260 mm, and preferably at most 290 mm, in particular at most 280 mm. In the exemplary embodiment, the paving stones 1 according to Figures 1 to 11 have a base length 11 of 270 mm.

[0255] The paving stones 1 according to Figures 12 to 16 preferably have a base length 11 of at least 210 mm, more preferably 220 mm, and preferably at most 250 mm, in particular at most 240 mm. In the exemplary embodiment, the paving stones 1 according to Figures 12 to 16 have a base length 11 of 230 mm.

[0256] The paving stones 1 according to Figures 17 to 21 preferably have at least a base length 11 of 290 mm, in particular 300 mm, and preferably at most a base length 11 of 330 mm, in particular at most 320 mm. In the exemplary embodiment, the paving stones 1 according to Figures 17 to 21 have a base length 11 of 310 mm.

[0257] The paving stones 1 according to Figures 22 to 24 preferably have a base length 11 of at least 130 mm, in particular 140 mm, and preferably at most 170 mm, in particular at most 160 mm. The base length 11 of the paving stones 1 according to Figures 22 to 24 is 150 mm in the exemplary embodiment.

[0258] The paving stones 1 according to Figures 25 to 27 preferably have a base length 11 of at least 170 mm, in particular at least 180 mm, and preferably at most 210 mm, in particular 200 mm. In the exemplary embodiment, the paving stones 1 according to Figures 25 to 27 have a base length 11 of 190 mm.

[0259] List of reference symbols:

[0260] 1 paving stone

[0261] 2 visible surface

[0262] 3 corners

[0263] 4 longitudinal sections

[0264] 5 Outer edge

[0265] 6 long stone flank

[0266] 7 short stone flank

[0267] 8 spacer element

[0268] 8a Outer surface

[0269] 9 Indentation

[0270] 10 basic width

[0271] 11 Basic length

[0272] 12 Survey

[0273] 13 Deepening

[0274] 14 Coat of arms or pictorial element

[0275] 15 Core concrete

[0276] 16 facing concrete

[0277] 17 gap

[0278] 18 Filling form

[0279] 19 stamps

[0280] 20 Production form

[0281] 21 Production position, pallet position, position

Claims

P a t e n t a n s p r ü c h e 1. Paving stone (1) made of concrete with a visible surface (2) which has a main plane and a circumferential outer edge (5) having corners (3) and longitudinal sections (4), and with stone flanks (6, 7) oriented perpendicular to the visible surface (2), wherein spacer elements (8) are formed on the stone flanks (6, 7) and project beyond the stone flanks (6, 7), wherein the visible surface (2) and the outer edge (5) are reworked so that the visible surface (2) and the outer edge (5) are irregularly broken and chipped, and wherein a) at least one indentation (9) is embossed into the visible surface (2) along a section of the outer edge (5), wherein the indentation (9) interrupts the outer edge (5) and the indentation (9) is recessed by 0.5 mm to 8 mm relative to the main plane of the visible surface (2), and / or b) the longitudinal sections (4) of the outer edge (5) curved,wherein the longitudinal sections (4) compared to a projection resulting from the spacer elements (8) on the stone flank (6, 7) along which the respective longitudinal section (4) runs, at least, 0.5 mm to a maximum of 10 mm.

2. Paving stone (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that the paving stone (1) has a rectangular basic grid with a basic width (10) and a basic length (11), wherein the basic width (10) corresponds to a greatest extent of the paving stone (1) including the spacer elements (8) in the width direction and the basic length (11) corresponds to a greatest extent of the paving stone (1) including the spacer elements (8) in the length direction.

3. Paving stone (1) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the spacer elements (8) have an outer surface (8a) extending substantially parallel to the stone flanks (6, 7) and directed outwards, and wherein the outer surfaces (8a) of all spacer elements (8) formed on one of the stone flanks (6, 7) extend substantially in one plane.

4. Paving stone (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the at least one indentation (9) and / or the curved course of the longitudinal sections (4) is embossed before the finishing.

5. Paving stone (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that two or more impressions (9) are embossed.

6. Paving stone (1) according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that exactly one indentation (9) is embossed and the indentation (9) is embossed in one of the corners (3) or in one of the longitudinal sections (4) of the outer edge (5), or indentations (9) are embossed in at least one of the corners (3), preferably in exactly one corner (3) or in exactly two corners (3) of the outer edge (5) and in one or two of the longitudinal sections (4) of the outer edge (5), or that indentations (9) are embossed only in at least two of the corners (3), preferably in exactly two corners (3) of the outer edge (5), or that indentations (9) are embossed only in two of the longitudinal sections (4) of the outer edge (5).

7. Paving stone (1) according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the at least one indentation (9) has a length along the outer edge (5) which is greater, preferably at least twice as large, in particular at least three times as large, than a width of the indentation (9) which extends orthogonally to the length of the indentation (9) and parallel to the visible surface (2).

8. Paving stone (1) according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that along a section of the outer edge (5) at least one elevation (12) is applied to the visible surface (2), wherein the elevation (12) interrupts the outer edge (5) and the elevation (12) is raised by at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.5 mm and at most 3 mm, preferably at most 2 mm, in particular at most 1 mm, relative to the main plane of the visible surface (2).

9. Paving stone (1) according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that a recess (13) is introduced into the visible surface (2), wherein the recess (13) is introduced into the visible surface (2) at a distance from the outer edge (5) and at least approximately centered and is provided with an image element, in particular a coat of arms (14).

10. Paving stone (1) according to claim 9, characterized in that the recess (13) is 0.5 mm to 2 mm, preferably 0.5 mm to 1 mm.

11. Paving stone (1) according to one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that at least the concrete forming the visible surface (2) of the paving stone (1) is colored.

12. Paving stone (1) according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that the paving stone (1) is formed from a core concrete (15) and a facing concrete (16), wherein the facing concrete (16) forms an upper region of the paving stone (1) comprising the visible surface (2).

13. Paving stone (1) according to claim 12, characterized in that the at least one indentation (9) is formed only in the facing concrete (16).

14. Paving stone (1) according to claim 12 or 13, characterized in that only the facing concrete (16) is colored.

15. Paving stone (1) according to one of claims 1 to 14, characterized in that exactly one spacer element (8) is formed on each of the two shorter stone flanks (7), wherein the spacer element (8) has a length which is greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60%, more preferably greater than 70%, in particular greater than 80% of the length of the respective stone flank (7).

16. Paving stone (1) according to one of claims 1 to 15, characterized in that at least one spacer element (8), preferably exactly one spacer element (8), exactly two spacer elements (8), exactly three spacer elements (8) or exactly four spacer elements (8) are formed on each of the two longer stone flanks (6), wherein the total length of the spacer elements (8) on the respective stone flank (6) is greater than 50%, preferably greater than 60%, more preferably greater than 70%, in particular greater than 80% of the length of the respective stone flank (6).

17. Paving stone (1) according to claim 16, characterized in that the width of a gap (17) between two spacer elements (8) formed on one of the longer stone flanks (6) is less than 50%, preferably less than 40%, in particular less than 30%, of the average length of the two spacer elements (8) between which the gap (17) is formed.

18. Paving stone (1) according to one of claims 1 to 17, characterized in that the spacer elements (8) extend only over part of the height of the paving stone (1) and / or that the thickness of the spacer elements (8) tapers towards an upper side of the paving stone (1).

19. Paving stone (1) according to one of claims 1 to 18, characterized in that the main plane of the visible surface (2) is uneven at least in sections, the height differences of the unevenness being a maximum of 0.5 mm, preferably a maximum of 0.3 mm, and the unevenness being embossed into the visible surface (2) before reworking.

20. Method for producing a paving stone (1) made of concrete with a visible surface (2) which has a main plane and a circumferential outer edge (5) having corners (3) and longitudinal sections (4) and with stone flanks (6, 7) aligned perpendicular to the visible surface (2), after which spacer elements (8) are formed on the stone flanks (6, 7) which project beyond the stone flanks (6, 7), and after which a) at least one indentation (9) is embossed into the visible surface (2) along a section of the outer edge (5), wherein the indentation (9) interrupts the outer edge (5) and the indentation (9) is recessed by 0.5 mm to 8 mm compared to the main plane of the visible surface (2) and / or b) the longitudinal sections (4) of the outer edge (5) are produced in such a way that they have a curved course, wherein the longitudinal sections (4), compared to a surface formed by the spacer elements (8) resulting overhang on the stone flank (6,7),along which the respective longitudinal section (4) runs, are set back by at least 0.5 mm to a maximum of 10 mm, and after which the visible surface (2) and the outer edge (5) are reworked after steps a) and / or b) so that the visible surface (2) and the outer edge (5) are irregularly broken and chipped.

21. Method according to claim 20, characterized in that the indentation (9) is impressed into a concrete body forming the paving stone (1) when the concrete body is in a green state, wherein the concrete of the concrete body in the green state preferably has a water-to-binder ratio of 0.35 to 0.

45.

22. Method according to claim 20 or 21, characterized in that along a section of the outer edge (5) at least one elevation (12) is applied to the visible surface (2), wherein the elevation (12) interrupts the outer edge (5) and the elevation (12) is at least 0.2 mm, preferably at least 0.5 mm, and at most 3 mm, preferably at most 2 mm, in particular at most 1 mm.

23. Method according to claim 20, 21 or 22, characterized in that at least the visible surface (2) of the paving stone (1) is colored, wherein the visible surface (2) of the paving stone (1) is preferably formed from a facing concrete (16).

24. Method according to one of claims 20 to 23, characterized in that a depression (13) is introduced into the visible surface (2), wherein the depression (13) is introduced into the visible surface (2) at a distance from the outer edge (5) and at least approximately centered and is provided with an image element, in particular a coat of arms (14).

25. Production layer (21) or pallet layer comprising a plurality of paving stones (1) according to one of claims 1 to 19 or manufactured according to a method according to one of claims 20 to 24, characterized in that all paving stones (1) of the layer (21) have a rectangular basic grid with a basic width (10) and a basic length (11), wherein the basic width (10) corresponds to a greatest extent of the paving stone (1) including the spacer elements (8) in the width direction and the basic length (11) corresponds to a greatest extent of the paving stone (1) including the spacer elements (8) in the length direction, wherein all paving stones (1) of the layer (21) have the same basic width (10) and wherein the paving stones of the layer (21) have at least three different basic lengths (11), wherein the layer (21) has at least 10, preferably at least 15, more preferably at least 20, even more preferably at least 25, in particular at least 30,particularly preferably 32 paving stones (1), and wherein at least 70%, preferably at least 80%, particularly preferably at least 90% of the paving stones (1) have a different design of the visible surface (2), which results in particular from different indentations (9) and / or different elevations (12) and / or a different curved course of the longitudinal sections (4).

Images