Exercise device

Abstract

The invention resides in a device for exercising, such as paddling or rowing. The device has a bar and an interface that are analogous, respectively, to the shaft and the blade of a paddle or oar. The bar has a plurality of resilient members e.g. springs integral with the bar, which are compressible along the longitudinal axis of the bar against at least one of the plurality of resilient members. The device also has an interface e.g. wheel at the end of the bar that is configured to resist movement of the interface when moved against another surface. The bar and / or interface of the device enable the device, in use, to simulate the paddling or rowing in water. The device can have an interface at both ends. The interfaces can be connected to, or be replaced with, weights. The invention can also reside in a platform e.g. mat, can be used with the device to guide the interface. The invention can also reside in a kit including the device and the platform.

Description

[0001] EXERCISE DEVICE

[0002] The invention relates to a device for exercising. More specifically, the invention relates to device that can be manoeuvrable for simulating rowing or paddling a boat, such as a canoe or a standup paddle board (SUP). The invention can be adapted for weight and / or resistance based exercises. The invention can also reside in components e.g. an accessory for guiding and / or complementing exercises performed by the device.

[0003] BACKGROUND

[0004] Exercise equipment, for the home or gym, can be configured to simulate sports predominately performed outdoors e.g. cycling, rowing or paddling. For example, canoeing, kayaking, and stand-up paddleboarding (SUP) i.e. rowing or paddling can offer a variety of physical benefits, which requires continuous and rhythmic movements. Further, it can engage multiple muscle groups, including core muscles, while enhancing balance and stability. Moreover, resistance provided by the water during paddling helps build strength and endurance while having a low-impact on the joints compared to high-impact sports. Accurately replicating rowing or paddling movements with an exercise device is crucial, not least to inhibit the risk of injury. Enabling and encouraging a proper rowing or paddling technique can ensure that a workout is effective, distributes the workload evenly across muscle groups and supports the development of good posture and spinal alignment. Reproducing real-world exercises is essential for developing rowing or paddling skill, practicing accurate movements and progressive training - to refine rowing form for maximum benefit and safety.

[0005] Known devices for indoor rowing or paddling do not adequately replicate the required muscle engagement, correct sequence and coordination of movements - many require the user to be seated and offer limited manoeuvrability during exercise. Moreover, existing rowing machines tend to be large, heavy and occupy a lot of space. Known devices are expensive and have limited use.

[0006] It is against this background that the present invention has been made. This invention results from efforts to overcome the problems of known exercise device configurations, which suffer from inaccurate and sub-optimal replication of the real-world experience of rowing or paddling. Other aims of the invention will be apparent from the following description. SUMMARY

[0007] The invention generally relates to a device for exercising. The device can be hand-held and manoeuvrable. In particular, the device is configured to practice e.g. simulate exercises that involve an oar or paddle, wherein a blade at the end of a bar is designed to enter and be drawn through water to propel a water vessel e.g. boat or SUP. The device can be configured to simulate other physical movements of a hand-held bar operated by a user against a resistive force, and the device of the invention is not limited to rowing or paddling, and can include, by way of non-limiting example: sweeping e.g. for brushing a floor, ice or snow e.g. for simulating sweeping in the sport of curling; cutting using a scythe; raking; and vacuuming. To be clear, a user wishing to simulate the physical exercise e.g. paddling can push the interface against a surface and drawn the interface across the surface before releasing the force applied to the interface. The user’s feet can be stationary through this movement i.e. all the forces and movement are applied with respect to a fixed point. The device simulates the pushing and drawing forces.

[0008] The device is configured for use upon a surface e.g. floor, wall or ground, and the device has a bar configured with resilient members for compressing against the surface to replicate the forces experienced by a user when rowing or paddling on water. The device also has an interface attached to a first end of the bar, for compressing and / or resisting movement of the interface when moved along the surface to replicate the forces experienced by a user when drawing an oar or paddle through water.

[0009] In one example, there resides a device for exercising, said device having: a bar; and an interface configured at the end of the bar for contacting a surface, wherein the interface is rotatable and includes a resistance mechanism for determining a force required to draw the interface across a surface using the bar. The resistance mechanism can be adjustable to vary the force required when the interface is moved against another surface. The resistance mechanism can be configured to set the resistance of the interface in proportion to at least one of: the velocity of the interface with respect to the surface it is moved along; and the force applied to the surface it is moved along. The resistance mechanism can be enclosed within the interface. Enclosing the interface inhibits interference of the resistance mechanism from dust, debris and objects that may interfere with the performance of the device or otherwise become trapped.

[0010] In one example, there resides a device for exercising, said device having: a bar comprising a plurality of resilient members integral with the bar, which is compressible along the longitudinal axis of the bar against at least one of the plurality of resilient members; and an interface configured at the end of the bar for contacting a surface. In another example, there resides a device for exercising, said device having: a bar; and an interface attached to an end of the, wherein the device is configured to resist movement of the interface when moved e.g. pushed or drawn against another surface.

[0011] In yet another example, there resides a device for exercising, said device having: a bar comprising a plurality of resilient members integral with the bar, which is compressible along the longitudinal axis of the bar against at least one of the plurality of resilient members; and an interface attached to a first end of the bar, wherein the device is configured to resist movement of the interface when moved against another surface. While the bar and the interface of the device can, independently, simulate the physical exertion of numerous exercises they can synergistically replicate the forces experienced by a user performing another task e.g. paddling. A plurality of resilient members can be compressed when compressing the length of the bar.

[0012] The bar can be straight, although can be curved e.g. arcuate, at least on part If curved, the bar’s longitudinal axis can be defined by an axis extending between the ends of the bar when the bar extends vertically from a surface.

[0013] The bar is configured to compress against a force applied by a user against a surface. The plurality of resilient members can comprise a first spring and a second spring having different spring constants. The springs govern the force and / or rate of compression. Additionally or alternatively, the resilient members can include at least one of: foam, pneumatics, hydraulics or magnetic forces that govern the force and / or rate of compression.

[0014] The bar can comprise a third resilient member. The third resilient member can be at least one of: a spring, foam, pneumatics, hydraulics or magnetic forces that govern a force and / or rate of compression. The third spring can be configured to dampen the release of the plurality of resilient members from a compressed state. The third spring can be configured such that it is not compressed when the bar is compressed. The third spring can be configured to be held under tension e.g. compressed with enough force to be held in place when the bar is uncompressed. The third spring can be configured to absorb energy released from the resilient members e.g. the springs that are compressed when the bar is compressed, when the forces acting upon the resilient members are released.

[0015] The bar can have: a first part, comprising the first end, and a second part comprising a second end, wherein the first part and the second part are connected and movable along the longitudinal axis of the bar for enabling compression of the bar. At the proximal end of the bar, a handle or yoke can be configured. The bar can have a first length, when the bar is not compressed, and a second length, when the bar is compressed, at least in part, wherein the first length is adjustable. The range of compression can be independent of the length of the bar.

[0016] The plurality of resilient members can be configured adjacent the first end of the bar i.e. the distal end. The first end of the bar can be adjacent the interface. The or each resilient member that is configured to compress when the bar is compressed can be located at the distal end of the bar. The third resilient member can be located at the proximal end of the bar. Alternatively, the or each resilient member that is configured to compress when the bar is compressed can be located at the proximal end of the bar. Alternatively, the third resilient member can be located at the distal end of the bar.

[0017] The compression of the or each resilient member can be adjustable. The or each of the resilient members can be replaceable and / or adjustable e.g. the force required to compress the resilient member can be adjusted.

[0018] The interface can be configured to at least one of compress against a force applied by a user against a surface; and resist movement of the interface across the surface. The interface is configured to turn about at least one of the longitudinal axis of the bar; and an axis extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the bar. The interface can be configured to pivot around the distal end of the bar. The interface can be cylindrical. The interface can be a roller. The interface can include a wheel.

[0019] The interface can be mounted upon a chassis having an axle. The interface can support at least one side of the axle. The axle can extend in the direction of the longitudinal axis of bar direction e.g. at least one of a wheel, tyre or roller is configured at each side of the axle. The axle can extend in a direction that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the bar. The interface can comprise at least one of a wheel, tyre and hub. The interface can have a textured surface like that of a mountain bike.

[0020] The resistance of the interface to movement of the interface against another surface can be changeable e.g. adjusted. The at least one of the wheel, tyre and roller can be rotatable. The interface can comprise a resistance mechanism for adjusting and / or setting the resistance of the interface when moved against another surface. The resistance mechanism can include a clutch. The resistance mechanism can be configured to apply a resistive force independently of the direction that the interface is being drawn across a surface. To be clear, the resistance mechanism can operate in any direction e.g. whether the wheel is being rolled forwards or backwards. The resistance mechanism can be enclosed within the interface. The resistance mechanism can be configured to set the resistance of the interface in proportion to at least one of the velocity of the interface with respect to the surface it is moved along; and the force applied to the surface it is moved along.

[0021] A second interface can be attached to the second end of the bar e.g. at the proximal end. The arrangement of resilient members configured at the first end of the bar can be provided e.g. mirrored, or matched, at the second end of the bar. The interfaces at the ends of the bar can be balanced. The first end and / or the second end of the bar can have connections for attaching weights for enabling the device to function as a bar-bell.

[0022] In another example, there is provided platform for exercising e.g. a mat, or board, said platform having a groove for guiding the path of a device according to any preceding. The groove can be a recess - either withing the perimeter of the platform and / or at its edge. The platform can define the surface against which the interface is configured to be moved across. The groove can extend parallel to the longitudinal axis of the platform. The groove is configured to receive the interface and / or contribute to the resistance of movement of the interface when moved along the groove of the platform. The platform can include a second groove. The second groove can be configured to receive the first end of the device and the second groove is configured to receive the second end of the device.

[0023] In another example, there resides a kit for exercising, said kit including the device and platform as taught and / or claimed herein.

[0024] In light of the teaching of the present invention, the skilled person would appreciate that aspects of the invention were interchangeable and transferrable between the aspects described herein, and can be combined to provide improved aspects of the invention. Further aspects of the invention will be appreciated from the following description.

[0025] DESCRIPTION OF THE FIGURES

[0026] In order that the invention can be more readily understood reference is made, by way of example, to the remaining drawings, in which:

[0027] Figures 1(a) and 1(b) show, respectively, a schematic representation of a portion of a device having a plurality of resilient members, associated with a bar, in an expanded and compressed state;

[0028] Figures 2(a) and 2(b) show, respectively, a schematic representation of a portion of a device having a plurality of resilient members, associated with a bar, in an expanded and compressed state, and a further resilient member resides outside the bar;

[0029] Figures 3(a) and 3(b) show, respectively, a schematic representation of a portion of a device having a plurality of resilient members, associated with a bar, in an expanded and compressed state, wherein a third resilient member is associated with the bar and, and a further resilient member resides outside the bar;

[0030] Figure 4(a) is a perspective view of a device for exercising, said device having a handle at a proximal end and an interface at a distal end, while Figure 4(b) is a perspective view of a portion of the device having a compressible bar of the device; Figure 5(a) is a view of a mechanism of the compressible bar of Figure 4(b), while Figure 5(b) is a view of Figure 4(b) having a cut-out to show illustrate the mechanism of Figure 5(a) configured within the compressible bar of Figure 5(a);

[0031] Figures 6(a) to 6(c) are, respectively, images of the compressible bar of Figures 4(b) and 5(b) in an uncompressed state, partially compressed state and compressed state, while shown alongside a corresponding stroke position of a stand-up paddleboarder;

[0032] Figures 7(a) to 7(c) are, respectively, perspective views of each side of the interface of the device, and an elevation view indicating a cross-section A-A;

[0033] Figure 8(a) is the cross-section A-A of Figure 7(c), while Figure 8(b) is an exploded view diagram of the components of Figure 8(a);

[0034] Figure 9 is a modified version of the device of Figure 4(a) having two interfaces;

[0035] Figure 10 is a modified version of the device of Figure 9, wherein the two interfaces are replaced by weights to form a bar-bell; and

[0036] Figures 11(a) and 11(b) are, respectively, a plan view and a cross-section of an exercise mat for guiding the interface of the device.

[0037] Like reference numerals refer to like features.

[0038] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] Figures 1(a) to 3(b) are schematic representations of a mechanism 10, and explain the basic mechanisms and forces that enable smooth operation of a device for exercising as shown in the examples of Figures 4(a) to 8. The mechanism 10 of Figure 1(a) is a component of the device for exercising, wherein a plurality of resilient members 12 e.g. springs 12 are configured between a brace 14 and an interface 16 located at a distal end. A spacer 18 is positioned between a first resilient member 12a and a second resilient member 12b of the plurality of resilient members 12. A shaft 20 extends from the interface 16 and defines a longitudinal axis along which the resilient members can be compressed. The shaft can function as a guide rod for the resilient member, wherein it can limit and / or guide the movement of the resilient members 12. The shaft has a stopper 22 e.g. an end-cap, configured to retain the resilient members upon the shaft 20.

[0040] The first resilient member 12a and the second resilient member 12b of the plurality of resilient members 12 are represented by springs. Resilient members are described and shown herein using mechanical springs, although their function can be implemented using at least one of gas, hydraulic, magnetic or electromechanical means, or a combination thereof. The teaching herein concerns the use and arrangement of known resilient member means. Each of the resilient members described and shown herein can have their own ‘constants’ i.e. their own corresponding force-extension or forcecompression graphs.

[0041] Figure 1(a) shows the mechanism in an uncompressed state. The mechanism 10 is configured to controllably compress between the brace 14 and the interface. The interface is configured to engage with and / or move against another surface. In use, a force applied to the brace 14 against the interface 16 displaces the brace towards the distal end, in along the longitudinal axis, wherein the mechanism is moved into a compressed state, as shown in Figure 1(b).

[0042] Using two different resilient members 12 e.g. two springs having different spring constants, results in the force applied by the brace 14 in the direction of the interface 16 to have a complex e.g. progressive force-displacement curve. In other words, the plurality of springs function to have nonlinear compression during the elastic deformation of the springs. In practice, when two different resilient members with different force-displacement graphs are compressed then one will compress at a greater rate than the other e.g. the springs have different spring constants. Examples herein demonstrate a non-linear deformation by configuring the first spring 12a with a lower spring constant than the second spring 12b. In effect, the force required to displace the brace 14 towards the distal end gradually is increased. In this way, the mechanism 10 resists movement of the interface when moved e.g. pushed against another surface. Using at least two different resilient members e.g. springs enables that resistance to build gradually and / or be implemented in stages. In the examples herein, the first resilient member provides initial resistance, while the second resilient member provides the main resistance.

[0043] Figures 2(a) and 2(b) are analogous to Figures 1(a) and 1(b), wherein the interface is compressible against a base 24 located at the distal end of the shaft 20, as represented by a further resilient member 26. In effect, the force required to displace the brace 14 towards the distal end gradually increased through compression of the plurality of springs 12 and the further resilient member 26. Therefore, the mechanism 10 and the interface 16 both enables the resistance of the brace 14 being displaced towards the distal end to build gradually.

[0044] The mechanisms of Figures 3(a) and 3(b) are analogous to Figures 2(a) and 2(b), and additionally include a third resilient member 28 e.g. third spring 28. The third resilient member is configured on the shaft 20 between the brace 14 and the stopper 22 at the distal end of the mechanism. In the uncompressed state, the brace is biased against the stopper by the plurality of resilient members 12 upon the shaft. To be clear, the third resilient member functions as a buffer that inhibits the brace from reaching the stopper. Because of the resilient nature of the third resilient member e.g. spring, rubber, foam, rapid movement of the brace towards the stopper can be de-accelerated gently i.e. without snapping against the stopper when a force is released from the brace. In use, the brace 14 of the mechanism compresses the resilient members between the brace and the interface 16, as shown in Figure 3(b), wherein the third resilient member 28 e.g. a buffer spring 28 rests in an uncompressed state upon the shaft 20. Upon a quick release of a force upon the brace, the plurality of resilient members 12 would, typically, expand and force the brace against the stopper i.e. the mechanism returns to its uncompressed state as shown in Figure 3(a) - although the third resilient member 28 e.g. third spring 28 functions to soften, reduce or otherwise the control of the mechanism to its uncompressed state. In practice, the mechanism can be inhibited from snapping back when force upon the brace is released.

[0045] Overall, the device herein can be, or include a mechanism 10 having a bar 32 comprising a plurality of resilient members 12a, 12b, 28 integral with the bar, which is compressible along the longitudinal axis of the bar against at least one of the plurality of resilient members. While two resilient members 12 are shown between the brace 14 and the base 24, the device is operable with just one resilient member therebetween. The plurality of resilient members in the bar can include just one of the first resilient members 12a and the second resilient members 12b together with the third resilient member 28, which is positioned between the brace 14 and the stopper 22.

[0046] An interface 10 is attached to a first end of the bar. The device is configured to resist movement of the interface when moved e.g. pushed and / or drawn against another surface e.g. there is friction between the interface and the surface.

[0047] Figure 4(a) is a perspective view of an example of a device 30 for exercising. The device has a bar 32, said bar defining a longitudinal axis of the device. The bar, for example, includes a tube 32 for housing and attaching components of the device thereto. The bar 32 includes the mechanism 10, an example of which is shown in Figure 4(b). The mechanism is located at the distal end of the device 30 and the includes the interface 16. At the proximal end a handle 34 e.g. yoke 34 is provided. It is to be noted that the device 30 can be implemented by the mechanism 10 shown in Figure 4(b) alone i.e. the device has a compressible bar, compressible along the longitudinal axis of the bar, wherein compression is biased against a plurality of resilient members integral with the bar, and the interface 16. By way of example, a handle 34 can be fixed to the proximal end of the mechanism 10. However, Figure 4(a) illustrates, by way of non-limiting example, a device with an adjustable length handle.

[0048] Referring to Figure 4(b), the mechanism 10 includes an interface at the distal end. In the example the interface is a wheel 36 mounted within a body 38. The wheel can be configured to rotate about an axle in the body. The body can be mounted on a castor to rotate about the longitudinal axis defined by the mechanism 10 i.e. the interface is mounted such that the body and the axis of the wheel can be moved in any direction.

[0049] The bar 32 of the device can comprise many parts. As a minimum, the mechanism 10 defines the bar, said mechanism having a first part 32a connected to the interface 16 and located at the distal end of the mechanism. The first part 32a connected to the body 38 of the interface extends therefrom and into a second part 32b, located at the proximal end of the mechanism. The first part and the second part are connected and movable along the longitudinal axis of the bar for enabling compression of the bar. In the example of Figure 4(b), the second part 32b is tubular, and the first part 32a movably extends into the second part. The mechanism is configured such that a force applied to the second part 32b along the longitudinal axis of the mechanism functions to compress the plurality of resilient members e.g. springs (as described in relation to Figures 1 to 3) to shorten the length of the mechanism i.e. the first part extends further into the second part. A bar guide 40 can be provided at the interface between the first part and the second part.

[0050] Figure 4(a) includes the mechanism 10 of Figure 4(b) at the distal end, and further comprises a section of the bar for holding, in use - namely a grip 32c. The second part 32b of the bar, which is part of the mechanism, is received in the grip 32c. The position of the second part 32a within the grip 32c can be secured by a locking mechanism 42 e.g. a lock, such as an over-centre lock of the type found on quick-release bicycle components. The grip 32c functions as the third part of the bar, while a fourth part 32d is received in the grip 32c at the proximal end, said fourth part including the handle 34. The position of the fourth part 32d within the grip 32c can be releasably secured by another locking mechanism 42 e.g. a lock. A user simulating a paddling manoeuvre would hold the handle 34 while holding the grip 32c. The locks 42, 44 can be released such that the position of the grip with respect to the interface 16 can be adjusted and secured.

[0051] The materials selected for the different sections of the bar 32a, 32b, 32c, 32d can be selected to permit flexing of the bar during the simulation of paddling and / or rowing. In combination with the locking position of the bars, wherein a greater or lesser degree of a flexible portion is exposed rather than nested within another bar - then the flexibility can be adjusted. In this way, the device can be adjusted and configured to emulate the feel of a real paddle and / or oar and, therefore, adjust the forces required to flex the bar. To assess the flexibility, the bar 32 of the device can be suspended between two points 150cm apart and a 50kg mass can be suspended from the bar halfway between said two points. The deflection of the bar can then be measured in millimetres. A rigid bar can deflect less than 65mm, a medium bar can deflect between 65 and 105mm and a flexible bar can deflect more than 105mm. The bar can be configured to be rigid. The flexibility of the bar can be adjusted. The length of the mechanism i.e. the first 32a and second 32b part of the bar is compressible. This occurs through the first and second part of the bar engaging, and in the examples herein the engagement includes reciprocating tubes / bars, but is not limited thereto. The addition of the grip 32c which is connected to the second part 32b of the mechanism functions to extend the length of the second part, such that the second, third and fourth parts of the bar are fixed together, and collectively move towards the interface 16 in use. The collective length of the second 32b, third 32c and fourth 32d parts of the bar 2 is adjustable. It is to be noted that the fourth part can be optional, and the length of the device can be adjustable with a three-part bar, with the handle 34 attached to the proximal end of the third part 32c i.e. the grip. The range of compression between the first part 32a and the second part 32b of the bar can be fixed, such that the length of the bar is independent of the range of compression.

[0052] Figures 5(a) and 5(b) show more detail of the mechanism of Figure 4(b), and will be described in context with reference to the analogous features in the schematics of Figures 1(a) to 3(b). At the distal end, the interface 36 is demonstrated, by way of example, as wheel and tyre 36 mounted in the body 38. The function of the interface 16 is to provide a controllable degree of friction between the distal end of the device and a surface that it is moved across. The interface can, for example, be configured as a mass of material having particular frictional properties suitable for simulating paddling and / or rowing when the distal end i.e. the interface is drawn across a surface upon which a used stands. In practice, the friction between the distal end and the surface is variable depending on the surface against which it is drawn. Moreover, using a single material provides a fixed degree of friction for a given surface. Therefore, a wheel is provided such that the force required to draw the interface 16 across a surface can be adjusted through a brake, or other such friction mechanism - to be described below in relation to Figures 7(a) to 8.

[0053] A user operating the mechanism 10 of the device typically applied a force, via the handle 34, to the interface 16 as it engages with a surface, and the interface is then drawn across that surface to simulate a rowing / paddling movement. The interface 16 can be configured to absorb energy and function as the further resilient member 26, which in the example shown is implemented by a tyre having a degree of compression and / or friction e.g. like a mountain bike tyre.

[0054] The interface 16 e.g. a wheel and tyre is compressible against the body 38. Connected to the base 16, 38 is the first part 32a of the bar that extends therefrom and into the second part 32b of the bar. The second part of the bar can slide towards the base 16, 38. The proximal end of the first part 32a of the bar, which is received with the second part 32b, functions as the base 24 of the mechanism. Connected to the base 24 is the shaft 20, which extends into the second part 32b of the bar. At the proximal end of the shaft 20 is the stopper 22. Between the base 24 and the stopper are arranged: a first resilient member 12a; a second resilient member 12b; a spacer 18, positioned between the first and second resilient members; and the brace 14, which defines a fixed point on the shaft that the first and second resilient member cannot pass. It is to be noted that the term ‘brace’ has been used to describe this feature because it functions to support and / or connect the second part 32b of the bar, via the plurality of resilient members 12, to the first part 32a of the bar and the interface 16. To be clear, the second part of the bar 32b, which either functions as the handle 34 or is connected to the handle, can be adjustably connected to the brace 14 such that movement of the handle 34 towards the interface causes the brace 14 to compress the resilient members 12a, 12b enabling the second part 32b to extend over the first part 32a of the bar as it moves towards the interface 16 e.g. body 38 and tyre 36 in contact with a surface.

[0055] The bar 32 of the mechanism 10 has a first length, when the bar is not compressed, and a second length, when the bar is compressed, at least in part. When the handle 34, and brace 14, are moved towards the interface 16 energy is stored in the resilient members 12a, 12b i.e. the mechanism is compressed towards its second length. Upon release of the handle 34 said stored energy functions to drive the brace towards the proximal end of the mechanism 10 and against the stopper 22 i.e. the mechanism is biased towards its first length. The force of, for example, the energy released from compressed springs can cause the mechanism to ‘snap’ or forcibly return the mechanism to its first length. The third resilient member 28 e.g. a spring can function to decelerate the brace and absorb some of the stored energy as the mechanism returns to its first length. In practice, this inhibits the ‘snap’ movement caused by the rapid release of energy stored in the resilient members.

[0056] In the examples herein, the mechanism and its resilient members are located adjacent the distal end i.e. adjacent the interface. Additionally or alternatively the mechanism and its resilient members are located adjacent the proximal end. To be clear, the device can have a mechanism 10 located at the distal end, proximal end, or at both ends.

[0057] The resilient members have been illustrated, by way of non-limiting example, as springs. Additionally or alternatively a resilient member can be implemented by at least one of a gas spring or a hydraulic damper. Moreover, the or each of the plurality of resilient members can be adjustable and / or at least one of the resilient members is replaceable.

[0058] Use of the device is described, by way of example only, in relation to the actions required by a user to propel a stand-up paddleboard (SUP). The teaching herein enables the device to be configured for rowing, wherein the interface 16 replicates the function of an oar being drawn through the water. Simulating these actions of paddling a SUP while using the device, and standing on a floor, is considered representative of the forces typically experienced by the device. The device aims to emulate at least some of the force-stroke characteristics that would be experienced when paddling a SUP on water. On water, a paddler would cycle through a number of positions or stages as they propelled themselves, these stages including:

[0059] • reaching, when the paddle is not in the water and there are no paddling forces acting upon the paddle - the paddler is simply preparing to insert their paddle into the water;

[0060] • catching, when the paddle initially and / or partially enters the water, and the paddler can feel through the paddle the initial resistance of the water;

[0061] • powering, when the paddler enters the full blade of the paddle into the water and applies their maximum downward pressure and rearward pull of the blade of the paddle through the water;

[0062] • exiting, when the powering stage is complete the blade is withdrawn from the water; and

[0063] • recovering, when the paddle is out of the water, there are no paddling forces acting upon the paddle and the paddler is manoeuvring the paddle back to the ‘reach’ stage.

[0064] Figures 6(a) to 6(c) illustrate a paddler 46 upon a paddle-board 48 in three different stages together with the corresponding condition of the mechanism 10. In each of the figures, the water level is analogous to the lower surface of the paddle board and the corresponding water level indicated by shading upon the interface - said water level being an indication of the force to be applied to the handle 34.

[0065] Figure 6(a) represents the ‘reaching’ stage, where the paddler is holding the paddle out of the water, and no pressure is applied to the interface 16 (which also applies to the recovery stage). In Figure 6(a), the device is not compressed and has the first length, which is adjustable, as described above, using the locks 42, 44. At the first length, at least one resilient member 12a, 12b displaces the brace 14, and the bar 32 attached thereto, away from the interface 16. To be clear, the resilient member is in contact with e.g. connected to the base 24 within the mechanism 10 and in the absence of any force applied by the mechanism towards the interface then the resilient members e.g. springs expand and push the brace 14 and the bar 32b connected thereto away from the interface. A plurality of resilient members e.g. springs can be configured upon the shaft 20 between the brace 14 and the base 24. Optionally, the third resilient member 28, which is positioned between the brace 14 and the stopper 22, can inhibit the brace from contacting the stopper 22. The third resilient member can function as a ‘buffer’ spring and be held under tension e.g. pressed against the stopper, at least in part. Figure 6(b) represents the ‘catching’ stage, where the paddler begins to insert his paddle into the water. When a paddle is inserted into the water only a low level of pressure is felt, which is analogous to a low level of pressure applied to the interface 16 and felt by the user holding the bar 32 and handle 34 and pushing the interface against the floor on which they stand. To replicate that low level of pressure the first resilient member 12a has a different spring constant from the second resilient member 12b such that pressure applied to the handle 34 to the brace 14 that applies a force to both the first resilient member 12a and the second resilient member 12b causes the first resilient member to compress first. In other words, of the two springs 12a, 12b between base 24 and the brace 14, one of them has a lower spring constant making it easier to compress thus giving the user a low level of resistance in the handle 34 thus a feeling that the interface 16 is just entering the water i.e. ‘catching’. As the spring 12a is compressed, the brace 14 moves towards the base 24 and begins to shorten the length of the bar 32 as the second part 32a of the bar extends over the first part of the par 32a on the mechanism 10. At the same time, the shaft 20 and stopper 22 extend further into the second part 32a of the bar, thus releasing the pressure from the third resilient member 28 e.g. the ‘buffer’ spring.

[0066] A single resilient member 12 can be configured between the base 24 and the brace 14. A single resilient member can be configured having a progressive force-displacement curve e.g. stepped progressive or gradual progressive. Examples herein demonstrate that a plurality e.g. two different springs can be used to implement a non-linear force-displacement experience by the handle 34 pressing along the longitudinal axis of the bar 32 towards the interface 16. To be clear, the resilient member is configured such that the mechanism 10 functions to resist movement of the handle when the interface is pushed against another surface. Using two or more springs enables the resistance to build gradually and / or be implemented in stages. In the examples herein, the first resilient member 12a provides initial resistance, while the second resilient 12b member provides the main resistance.

[0067] Figure 6(c) represents the ‘powering’ stage, wherein the paddler continues to insert their paddle into the water. On the water, a paddler enters the full blade of the paddle and applies a high- level of force, perhaps their maximum force through the handle 34 and bar, while moving the paddle rearward. A user operating the device on a floor and entering the ‘powering’ stage increases pressure upon the handle such that the pressure applied to then handle 34 continues to compress the resilient member 12, which either requires (i) more force to compress a single resilient member 12, which has a progressive force-displacement curve, or (ii) as shown in the examples herein, the second resilient member 12b is compressed. A user operating the device, therefore, increases pressure to the handle and draws the interface across the floor in which they are standing to apply downward pressure against the resilient members 12, e.g. both the first spring 12a, which is compressed, and then the second spring 12b which is increasingly compressed by the pressure upon the handle. Further, the friction between the interface 16 and the floor gives the operator of the device the sensation i.e. a resistance comparable to the rearward pull of the blade of the paddle through the water.

[0068] As the resilient member 12 e.g. the first spring 12a and the second spring 12b is compressed the brace 14 moves further towards the base 24 and further shorten the length of the bar 32 towards its second length as the second part 32a of the bar extends over the first part of the bar 32a on the mechanism 10. The shaft 20 and stopper 22 continue to extend into the second part 32a of the bar.

[0069] On the water, at the end of the powering stage, a paddler withdraws their paddle from the water i.e. during exiting the powering stage is complete, pressure is released from the handle 34 and bar 32 and the buoyancy of the blade pushes it from the water. A user operating the device on a floor and exiting the ‘powering’ stage will release the pressure upon the handle 34 and bar 32, which will release the energy stored in the resilient members. In other words the spring 12, or springs 12a, 12b will push upon the brace 14 and drive the mechanism 10 back to its first length. While the third resilient member 28 e.g. buffer spring 28 is optional, it functions to absorb the energy released from the resilient members as they push the brace towards the stopper 22 at the end of the shaft 20. The buffer spring can lower the returning force and soften the movement of the handle 34 and / or the interface as the device returns to its first length. The buffer spring 28 can be configured to control the forces within the mechanism 10 to imitate the feeling a paddle exiting the water. In other words, the buffer spring can apply a counter force to balance forces and control the release of energy from the springs that were compressed in the powering stage e.g. forces are balanced between the interface 16 and the handle 34 such that the compression of the mechanism 10 and subsequent release is analogous to paddling forces.

[0070] The mechanism 10 within the device replicates the forces that extend along the longitudinal length of a paddle during paddling e.g. operating a SUP. The forces experiences by a paddler when pulling a paddle through the water are replicated by the interface 16. Applying a downward pressure against the floor and moving the interface 16 across the surface of the floor emulates the resistance comparable to a rowing or paddling stroke through the water.

[0071] The interface 16 can be implemented by, or defined by, a resistance mechanism 50 e.g. friction means 50, which are located at the distal end of the mechanism 10. The interface is attached to the first bar 32a. The friction means function as a resistance mechanism. The friction means 50 can provide a resistive force against movement of the interface across a surface e.g. the surface upon which a paddler is emulating paddling using the device. The resilience, at least in part, of the friction means is represented, schematically, by the further resilient member 26 shown in Figures 2 and 3, and implements a resilient resistance against movement in at least one of (i) the longitudinal axis of the mechanism 10, and (ii) in a direction extending perpendicularly from the longitudinal axis of the mechanism.

[0072] The friction means 50 function to enable the brace 14 to be further displaced towards the distal end gradually through compression of the further resilient member 26 i.e. the friction means 50 of the interface 16, which can be in addition to the compression of the resilient members 12. Therefore, the mechanism 10 and the interface 16 can both enable the resistance of the brace 14 being displaced towards the distal end to build gradually. Moreover, the friction means 50 function to provide resistance against movement of the interface in a direction extending perpendicularly from the longitudinal axis of the mechanism, which complements at least one of (i) the ‘catching’ stage of a paddle stroke, when the paddler feels the paddle enter the water, and the user feels the resistance as they begin to draw the interface across the floor beside them as they simulate paddling with the device, and (ii) the ‘powering’ stage, when the user feels an increase of the resistance as they draw the interface across the floor. In other words, the function of the interface 16, using the friction means 50, is to emulate the forces required to pull a paddle through the water while paddling.

[0073] The friction means can be implement in a number of ways, including but not limited to at least one of: a unit of foam having resilient means e.g. a spherical volume of foam the size of a small football; a roller or ball mounted upon a axle; a roller of ball mounted upon an axle; a roller or ball mounted in a socket; and an adjustable strap or pressure point in contact with the ball or roller to enable the toque required to turn the roller or ball to be adjusted. In other words, the resistance mechanism can be adjusted through axial compression i.e. applying a force to the roller or ball in a direction perpendicular to the axis of rotation. A piece of foam can function to absorb movement in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the mechanism 10. Foam can also be used to resist movement of the interface 16 as it is drawn across the floor on which a user is simulating paddling. A single type of foam can be used, or a combination, the foam can include at least one of: closed cell foam; memory foam; high density foam; and latex foam.

[0074] The interface 16 and the friction means 50 as taught herein are configured to turn about at least one of: the longitudinal axis of the bar, wherein the movement can emulate the forces and movement of a paddle being turned in water, thus providing an authentic paddling movement using the device; and an axis extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the bar, which enables controlled emulation of a paddle being drawn through the water, which the device achieved by the friction means being configured to turn e.g. roll in a direction under control of the user. To be clear, the interface as taught herein can include a ball or wheel with resilience i.e. upon initial contact with the floor, especially a hard floor, the ball or wheel can contact the floor and provide cushioning. In this way the device, when simulating the ‘catch’ of the paddling sequence i.e. initial contact that simulates water, inhibits jarring and / or facilitates a smooth e.g. shock-free transition of forces to the resilient members 12.

[0075] The terms interface 16 and friction means 50 can be interchangeable - as they function together when the device is operated and the interface is moved across a floor by a user. The interface 16 can be mounted on a caster e.g. it can be mounted using an omnidirectional connection enabling the interface to swivel at the end of the bar e.g. 360-degree rotation in a plane substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the bar. The interface can be, at least in part, cylindrical e.g. a portion of a sphere. The interface can have a surface that engages with the floor that is profiled like a tyre from a racing motorbike, which can have both elastic deformation and a profile that maintains a substantially consistent interface between the interface and the floor. While the interface 16 can be mounted and moved within a socket, the interface can be mounted upon a chassis having an axle. The axle can extend perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the bar. The axle can, alternatively, be configured to extend off-axis from the axis extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the bar, such that movement of the interface 16 across a floor has a biased rotational position, which is not unlike that experienced when paddling. The axle can be supported at one side of the interface, or both. The interface can comprise a wheel and / or tyre 36. The wheel or tyre can have a textured finish to provide grip upon the floor.

[0076] To emulate the forces required to pull a paddle through water the torque required to rotate a roller or ball across the floor e.g. to simulate paddling with the device through the ‘powering’ stage, resistance can be set and / or adjusted within the interface 16. Resistance can be set and / or adjusted by apply pressure to the outer surface of the roller or ball. Additionally or alternatively, the resistance mechanism can include a clutch. The resistance mechanism e.g. clutch can be configured to set the resistance of the interface in proportion to at least one of: the velocity of the interface with respect to the surface it is moved along; and the force applied to the surface it is moved along. Adjustment may be required based on the floor type and / or the physical abilities of the paddler wishing to simulate paddling on the floor. External resistance mechanisms can be prone to contamination and / or trapping objects and, therefore, the resistance mechanism can be, at least in part, enclosed and / or recessed within the interface. Additionally or alternatively to a clutch, the resistance mechanism can include: an adjustable strap, e.g. like an exercise bike; a damper in the axle or wheel; a spring; a magnet; a motor / generator; a reverse Pelton bucket; a drum-brake; and a disk brake. A plurality of resistance mechanisms can be implements in the interface, where at least one functions to provide resistance analogous to a ‘catching’ movement, while at least one other functions to provide resistance analogous to a ‘powering’ movement.

[0077] Figures 7(a) to 8(b) show, by way of example, the interface 16, cross-section and components thereof. The interface 16 is the collective term for the point of the mechanism that engages with the floor, and the resistance mechanism e.g. friction means 50 can be implemented using techniques. In the example, the frictions means 50 are implemented in the wheel 36, which has a tyre 52 and a hub 54. The tyre can include rubber and / or foam. The hub 55 can comprise a plurality of parts e.g. two parts 54a, 54b each defining one half of the hub, with each comprising dissimilar materials. The hub 54 includes bearings 56. Figures 7(a) and 7(b) show perspective view of the interface 16, wherein the only accessible moving components are a dial 58 and the tyre 36, 52. Figure 7(c) is an end-elevation view of the interface indicating a cross-section A-A, which is shown in Figure 8(a), while Figure 8(b) shows an exploded view diagram of the components of Figure 8(a).

[0078] The body 38 of the interface 16 defines two apertures 60, one of which supports the dial 58, which incorporates an axle 62. The dial 56 is shown on the right-hand-side of Figure 8(a), as viewed, and mounted in bezels 64a, 64b that, in turn, are mounted in one of the apertures 60 of the body 38. Fixings 66 secure, amongst other components, the bezel 64 to the body. The dial 56 can be rotated within the bezel 64. The hub 54a, 54b is mounted upon the axle 62 of the dial. At the left-hand-side of the dial 58, as viewed, the axle 62 has a threaded portion 68. Mounted to the threaded portion 68 of the axle 62 of the dial is a clutch 70 and a clutch plate 72, which are located in the other aperture 60 of the body and together support the axle 62.

[0079] To be clear, at one side of the body, bezels 64a, 64b support a dial 56 that extends through the body to define the axle 62 upon which the bearings 56 and hub 54 of the wheel 54 are mounted. At the other side of the body the axle 62 is supported by the clutch 70 and clutch plate 72. The wheel 54 upon the hub 56 can, therefore, rotate within the body 38.

[0080] The clutch 70 and clutch plate 72 are movably mounted within the aperture 60 of the body 38. At least one of the clutch 70 and clutch plate 72 threadedly engage with the threaded portion 68 of the axle 62 such that rotation of the dial 58 causes the clutch 70 to move with respect to the hub 54b. The clutch 70 functions as a resistance mechanism and engages with the surface of the hub 54 - said engagement occurring in a contact zone 74, which is indicated by a circled-area in Figure 8(a). Finally, a cover 76 is provided to close off the clutch within the body to inhibit dust or objects being trapped therein. The clutch can engage with the hub continuously around a circumferential point e.g. it contacts the hub at substantially all points around the axle. Alternatively, the clutch can have cut-outs such that it contacts the hub at intervals around the axle. Further alternatively, the clutch and the hub can have substantially planar interfaces e.g. they function like two engaging flat discs. The clutch can be shaped to be, at least in part, frustoconical or frustopyramidal, while the hub 54b can be shaped to receive the clutch e.g. having, at least in part, a conical shaped recess. The clutch can be adjustably compressed against the hub to vary the force required to turn the wheel 36 within the body 38.

[0081] The interface between the clutch 70 and the hub 54b in the contact zone 74 can be configured to implement a substantially linear relationship between the position of the dial 58, which turns the threaded portion 68 of the axle 62, and the force applied by the clutch against the hub, which influences the torque required to turn the wheel 36 within the body 38. A substantially linear relationship can be achieved by having a non-linear relationship between the surface of the clutch and the hub i.e. as viewed, the gap between the clutch and the hub is angled, in cross-section, which takes into account deformation of the clutch as it is compressed against the hub. Adjusting the dial can vary the torque required to rotate the wheel 36 across a floor. Additionally or alternatively, the resistance mechanism can be adjusted to vary the speed at which the interface can be drawn across a floor surface.

[0082] Moreover, the properties of the material of the clutch 70 and / or the hub54b can be selected to provide at least one of frictional resistance and durability. The clutch 70 can be a replaceable component. By way of example, the cover 76 can be removed, the clutch and clutch plate removed from the axle 62 and another clutch e.g. having different properties, can be installed in the interface.

[0083] In use, when a user simulates paddling with the mechanism 10 of the device, the forces required to emulate a paddling manoeuvre including ‘entry’ to the water and ‘powering’ through a lateral pull through the water are implemented by the resilient members 12 in the mechanism. Additionally or alternatively, the resilience in the tyre 36 and the resistance mechanism created through friction between the clutch 70 and the hub 54 provide resistance in the ‘powering’ stage, thus enabling the device to emulate the forces a paddler experiences while pulling a paddle through the water.

[0084] The device 30 is adaptable for different exercises. By way of example, Figure 9 illustrates that the device can be configured with two interfaces 16 i.e. one at each end of the bar 32. When two interfaces are provided two mechanisms 10 can be configured at each end of the bar. The example of Figure 9 can enable a paddler to simulate rowing or paddling using a double-bladed paddle. Further, the interfaces 16 can be removably attached to the bar. In the example of Figure 10, the interfaces can be replaced with weights 78 that enable the device 30 to be modified to function like a bar-bell. Additionally or alternatively, weights 78 can be attached to the interface 16 via connection points at the end of the bar.

[0085] A paddler simulating paddling using the device 30 can move through the different stages of reaching, catching, powering, exiting, and recovering. The position of the interface 16, with respect to the users feet, when contacting the floor at the point of catching, powering and exiting can influence the movement of the user. To be clear, improving paddling technique can include applying at least one of (i) the correct forces to the handle 34 and bar 32 of the device 30, and (ii) moving the interface in the correct orientation, to simulate efficient paddling techniques. To guide the interface, a platform can be provided, wherein said platform includes at least one groove 82 for receiving the interface 16 and guiding its movement.

[0086] Figure 11(a) and 11(b) illustrate, by way of non -limiting example, a mat 80, which functions as a platform 80 that a paddler can stand upon. The mat 80 can include a position indicator 84 for guiding a paddler where to place their feet on the mat 80. The position of the indicator has a relationship with the grooves 82, such that the paddler is guided towards an efficient simulation of paddling. To be clear, the end of the grove furthest from the indicator 84 can guide an optimum point for the entry stage of a paddle stroke, while the end of the groove closest to the indicator can guide an optimum point of the exit stage of a paddle stroke.

[0087] The shape of the groove, in cross-section, as shown in Figure 11(b) can be shaped to receive the interface 16 and provide a channel for guiding movement of the interface of the device during simulated paddling or rowing. By way of example, the cross-section of the groove 82 can have a semi-circular profile when located within the perimeter of the mat 80 and / or segment cut-out on the edge of the mat. The cross-section of the groove 82 can have a profile shaped, at least in part, to correspond e.g. match the interface 16. The mat 80 of Figure 11 is shown by way of example, and can, additionally or alternatively include at least one of: grooves 82 on both sides of the mat 80; grooves 82 on the upper side 80a of the mat; grooves on the lower side 80b of the mat; grooves within the perimeter of the mat; and grooves cut into the edge of the mat. The grooves 82 can further include at least one of: a patterned surface that function to provide haptic feedback to the paddler that indicates that the interface 16 is being manoeuvred correctly e.g. with respect to the indicator 84. By way of example, the grove can include textured features e.g. rumble-strips.

[0088] The mat 80 can be substantially rigid e.g. like a paddleboard. Furthermore, the lower surface 80b of the mat can include a protrusion that extends along the longitudinal axis of the board i.e. in to and out of the sheet, as viewed. The protrusion can be shaped to cause the mat to rock about the point at which the protrusion contacts the surface on which the mat rests. For example, the protrusion can be a ridge, such as an arcuate curve, shaped to provide a narrower contact point with a surface such that when a user simulates paddling when standing on the board then the board will rock from side- to-side about the protrusion. The protrusion can be a curved hemispherical surface extending from one side of the board to the other, in cross-section, as viewed e.g. like the hull of a boat with a bottom that is curved, at least in part. The lower surface 80b can be arcuate and extend from the edges and downwards, as viewed in Figure 1 lb, which would form a ridge along the longitudinal length of the mat, which enables the mat 80 to rock from side to side along the longitudinal length of the mat. Additionally or alternatively, the lower surface 80b can be arcuate and extend from distal ends of the mat 80 from said distal edges and downwards i.e into and out of the page as viewed in Figure 11b, which would form a curved surface, which enables the mat 80 to rock backward and forwards along its length e.g. with respect to the indicator 84.

[0089] The indicator 84 can be configured on both the upper and lower sides of the mat. The indicator can be repositioned on the mat e.g. to adjust for the height of the paddler. The material of the mat can be analogous to a yoga mat. The groove 80 can be configured to extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the platform 80. Additionally or alternatively at least one of the grooves 80 can be curved e.g. arcuate in shape. The surface of the groove 82 can be configured to receive the interface and / or contribute to the resistance of movement of the interface when moved along the groove of the platform.

[0090] A kit can be provided, said kit including at least two items from the following: the mechanism 10, the device 30, at least one weight 78 and a platform 80.

[0091] It is to be noted that the arrangement taught herein can be rearranged while sill achieving the functionality required to simulate paddling or rowing. By way of example, the orientation of the mechanism can be reversed, such that the second bar 32b is connected to the interface, and the first bar 32a is located at the proximal end.

[0092] The indefinite articles “a” and “an,” as used herein in the specification and in the claims, unless clearly indicated to the contrary, should be understood to mean “at least one.” The phrase “and / or,” as used herein in the specification and in the claims, should be understood to mean “either or both” of the elements so conjoined, i.e., elements that are conjunctively present in some cases and disjunctively present in other cases. Other elements may optionally be present other than the elements specifically identified by the “and / or” clause, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified unless clearly indicated to the contrary. Thus, as a non-limiting example, a reference to “A and / or B,” when used in conjunction with open-ended language such as “comprising” can refer, in one embodiment, to A without B (optionally including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to B without A (optionally including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to both A and B (optionally including other elements); etc.

[0093] As used herein in the specification and in the claims, “or” should be understood to have the same meaning as “and / or” as defined above. For example, when separating items in a list, “or” or “and / or” shall be interpreted as being inclusive, i.e., the inclusion of at least one, but also including more than one of a number or list of elements, and, optionally, additional unlisted items. Only terms clearly indicated to the contrary, such as “only one of’ or “exactly one of,” or, when used in the claims, “consisting of,” will refer to the inclusion of exactly one element of a number or list of elements. In general, the term “or” as used herein shall only be interpreted as indicating exclusive alternatives (i.e. “one or the other but not both”) when preceded by terms of exclusivity, such as “either,” “one of,” “only one of,” or “exactly one of.” “Consisting essentially of,” when used in the claims, shall have its ordinary meaning as used in the field of patent law.

[0094] As used herein in the specification and in the claims, the phrase “at least one,” in reference to a list of one or more elements, should be understood to mean at least one element selected from any one or more of the elements in the list of elements, but not necessarily including at least one of each and every element specifically listed within the list of elements and not excluding any combinations of elements in the list of elements. This definition also allows that elements may optionally be present other than the elements specifically identified within the list of elements to which the phrase “at least one” refers, whether related or unrelated to those elements specifically identified. Thus, as a nonlimiting example, “at least one of A and B” (or, equivalently, “at least one of A or B,” or, equivalently “at least one of A and / or B”) can refer, in one embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, with no B present (and optionally including elements other than B); in another embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, B, with no A present (and optionally including elements other than A); in yet another embodiment, to at least one, optionally including more than one, A, and at least one, optionally including more than one, B (and optionally including other elements); etc.

[0095] In the claims, as well as in the specification above, all transitional phrases such as “comprising,” “including,” “carrying,” “having,” “containing,” “involving,” “holding,” and the like are to be understood to be open-ended, i.e., to mean including but not limited to. Only the transitional phrases “consisting of’ and “consisting essentially of’ shall be closed or semi-closed transitional phrases, respectively, as set forth in the United States Patent Office Manual of Patent Examining Procedures, Section 2111.03. Use of ordinal terms such as “first,” “second,” “third,” etc., in the claims to modify a claim element does not by itself connote any priority, precedence, or order of one claim element over another or the temporal order in which acts of a method are performed, but are used merely as labels to distinguish one claim element having a certain name from another element having a same name (but for use of the ordinal term) to distinguish the claim elements. The invention also consists in any individual features described or implicit herein or shown or implicit in the drawings or any combination of any such features or any generalisation of any such features or combination.

Claims

CLAIMS1. A device for exercising, said device having: a bar comprising a plurality of resilient members integral with the bar, which is compressible along the longitudinal axis of the bar against at least one of the plurality of resilient members; and an interface attached to a first end of the bar, wherein the device is configured to resist movement of the interface when moved against another surface.

2. The device of claim 1, wherein the plurality of resilient members comprises a first spring and a second spring having different spring constants.

3. The device of claim 1 or 2, wherein the bar comprises a third resilient member, preferably a spring.

4. The device of claim 3, wherein the third spring is configured to dampen the release of the plurality of resilient members from a compressed state.

5. The device of any preceding claim, wherein the bar has a first part, comprising the first end, and a second part comprising a second end, wherein the first part and the second part are connected and movable along the longitudinal axis of the bar for enabling compression of the bar.

6. The device of any preceding claim, wherein the bar has a first length, when the bar is not compressed, and a second length, when the bar is compressed, at least in part, wherein the first length is adjustable.

7. The device of claim 6, wherein the range of compression is independent of the length of the bar.

8. The device of any of claims 5 to 7, wherein the plurality of resilient members are configured adjacent the first end.

9. The device of any preceding claim, wherein the compression of the plurality of resilient members is adjustable and / or at least one of the resilient members is replaceable.

10. The device of any preceding claim, wherein the interface is configured to turn about at least one of: the longitudinal axis of the bar; and an axis extending perpendicularly to the longitudinal axis of the bar.

11. The device of any preceding claim, wherein the interface is cylindrical.

12. The device of any preceding claim, wherein the interface is mounted upon a chassis having an axle.

13. The device of any preceding claim, wherein the interface comprises a wheel and / or tyre.

14. The device of any preceding claim, wherein resistance of the interface to movement of the interface against another surface is changeable.

15. The device of claim 13 or 14, wherein the at least one of the wheel, tyre and roller are rotatable, and wherein the interface comprises a resistance mechanism for adjusting and / or setting the resistance of the interface when moved against another surface.

16. The device of claim 15, wherein the resistance mechanism includes a clutch.

17. The device of claim 15 or 16, wherein the resistance mechanism is configured to set the resistance of the interface in proportion to at least one of: the velocity of the interface with respect to the surface it is moved along; and the force applied to the surface it is moved along.

18. The device of any of claims 15 to 17, wherein the resistance mechanism is enclosed within the interface.

19. The device of any preceding claim, wherein a second interface is attached to the second end of the bar.

20. The device of any preceding claim, wherein the first end and / or the second end of the bar have connections for attaching weights for enabling the device to function as a bar-bell.

21. A platform for exercising, said platform having: a groove for guiding the path of a device according to any preceding; and defining the another surface.

22. The platform of claim 21, wherein the groove extends parallel to the longitudinal axis of the platform.

23. The platform of claim 21 or 22, wherein the groove is configured to receive the interface and / or contribute to the resistance of movement of the interface when moved along the groove of the platform.

24. The platform of any of claims 21 to 23, wherein the platform includes a second groove, and wherein the groove is configured to receive the first end of the device and the second groove is configured to receive the second end of the device.

25. A kit for exercising, said kit including the device of any of claims 1 to 20, and the platform of any of claims 21 to 24.

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