Pre-charging method, pre-charging apparatus, controller, and vehicle

Abstract

A pre-charging method, a pre-charging apparatus, a controller, and a vehicle. The pre-charging method comprises: in response to a pre-charging instruction of a target device, acquiring a first initial temperature of a target component in a pre-charging circuit; controlling the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge a load, and acquiring the number of times of pre-charging and a total pre-charging duration; determining a first real-time temperature of the target component in the pre-charging process on the basis of the total pre-charging duration, a pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature; and controlling the pre-charging circuit on the basis of the first real-time temperature and the number of times of pre-charging. The temperature rise safety of the target component is protected, and pre-charging safety is improved.

Description

Pre-charging method, pre-charging device, controller and vehicle

[0001] Priority information

[0002] This application claims priority and benefits of patent application No. 2024101920508 filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on February 20, 2024, and the entire text of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present application relates to the field of vehicle technology, and in particular to a pre-charging method, a pre-charging device, a controller and a vehicle. Background Art

[0004] In order to ensure the safety of the vehicle system, when the battery system is connected to the high-voltage circuit of the electric vehicle power system, the high-voltage circuit needs to be pre-charged. In related technologies, a pre-charging control strategy is formulated by limiting the number of pre-charging times.

[0005] However, the control strategy in the related art is determined based on the failure of the pre-charging circuit, has high limitations, and cannot meet the safety requirements of the pre-charging operation. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application aims to solve, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, the first purpose of the present application is to propose a pre-charging method that monitors the first real-time temperature of a target component in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and further controls the pre-charging circuit based on the number of pre-charging times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve pre-charging safety.

[0007] The second object of this application is to provide a pre-filling device.

[0008] The third objective of this application is to provide a controller.

[0009] A fourth object of the present application is to provide a vehicle.

[0010] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the first embodiment of the present application proposes a pre-charging method, which includes: responding to the pre-charging instruction of the target device, obtaining the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-charging circuit; controlling the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load, and obtaining the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging time; determining the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature; and controlling the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times.

[0011] According to the pre-charging method of the embodiment of the present application, first, in response to the pre-charging instruction of the target device, the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-charging circuit is obtained, and then the pre-charging circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load, and the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging time are obtained, and based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature, the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process is determined, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times. Thus, the method monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and further controls the pre-charging circuit in combination with the number of pre-charging times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the safety of pre-charging.

[0012] In addition, the pre-charging method according to the above embodiment of the present application may also have the following additional technical features:

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times, including: if the pre-charging is unsuccessful this time, if the number of pre-charging times is less than a preset number threshold and the first real-time temperature is less than the preset temperature threshold, then the pre-charging circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load again; if the pre-charging is unsuccessful this time, if the number of pre-charging times is less than the preset number threshold and the first real-time temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, then it is determined that the target component has a pre-charging overheating fault, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present application, after determining that a pre-charging overheating fault exists in a target component and controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load, the pre-charging method further includes: obtaining a first pre-charging stop time and a first real-time temperature of the target component when the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load as a second initial temperature of the target component; determining the second real-time temperature of the target component based on the first pre-charging stop time, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component and the second initial temperature; and triggering the target device to send a pre-charging instruction again when the second real-time temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the present application, when the target device is triggered to send the pre-charge instruction again, the pre-charge method further includes: using the second real-time temperature of the target component when the target device is triggered to send the pre-charge instruction again as the first initial temperature.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times, and further includes: if the pre-charging is unsuccessful, if the number of pre-charging times is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, a pre-charging failure signal is output to the target device.

[0017] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times, and also includes: if the pre-charging is successful, controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load; obtaining the second pre-charging stop time and the first real-time temperature of the target component when the pre-charging is successful as the third initial temperature of the target component; determining the third real-time temperature of the target component based on the second pre-charging stop time, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component and the third initial temperature; and determining the first initial temperature based on the third real-time temperature.

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present application, determining the first initial temperature based on the third real-time temperature includes: when the third real-time temperature is less than or equal to the body temperature of the battery pack, using the body temperature as the first initial temperature; wherein the load is pre-charged through the battery pack; when the third real-time temperature is greater than the body temperature of the battery pack, using the third real-time temperature as the first initial temperature.

[0019] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging method also includes: obtaining the load voltage and the single pre-charging time; determining that the pre-charging is successful when the load voltage is greater than or equal to the pre-charging voltage threshold and the single pre-charging time is less than or equal to the single pre-charging time threshold; determining that the pre-charging is unsuccessful when the load voltage is less than the pre-charging voltage threshold and the single pre-charging time is greater than the single pre-charging time threshold.

[0020] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the second aspect embodiment of the present application proposes a pre-charging device, which includes: an acquisition module, which is used to respond to the pre-charging instruction of the target device and obtain the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-charging circuit; a control module, which is used to control the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load and obtain the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging time; a determination module, which is used to determine the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature; the control module is also used to control the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times.

[0021] According to the pre-filling device of the embodiment of the present application, the acquisition module responds to the pre-filling instruction of the target device to obtain the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-filling circuit, the control module controls the pre-filling circuit to pre-fill the load, and obtains the number of pre-filling times and the total pre-filling time. The determination module determines the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-filling process based on the total pre-filling time, the pre-filling temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature. The control module controls the pre-filling circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-filling times. Thus, the device monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-filling time, the pre-filling temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and further controls the pre-filling circuit in combination with the number of pre-filling times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-filling process to improve the safety of pre-filling.

[0022] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the third embodiment of the present application proposes a controller, including: a memory, a processor, and a program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the program, the above-mentioned pre-charging method is implemented.

[0023] According to the controller of the embodiment of the present application, when the processor executes the program, the above-mentioned pre-charging method is implemented. Based on the above-mentioned pre-charging method, the first real-time temperature of the target component is monitored in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and the pre-charging circuit is further controlled in combination with the number of pre-charging times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the pre-charging safety.

[0024] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, a fourth embodiment of the present application proposes a vehicle comprising the above-mentioned pre-charging device or the above-mentioned controller.

[0025] According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present application, based on the above-mentioned pre-charging device or the above-mentioned controller, the first real-time temperature of the target component is monitored in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and the pre-charging circuit is further controlled in combination with the number of pre-charging times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the pre-charging safety of the vehicle.

[0026] Additional aspects and advantages of the present application will be given in part in the description below, and in part will become apparent from the description below, or will be learned through practice of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] FIG1 is a flow chart of a pre-charging method according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] FIG2 is a circuit diagram of a charging circuit according to a specific embodiment of the present application;

[0029] FIG3 is a flow chart of a pre-charging method according to a specific embodiment of the present application;

[0030] FIG4 is a block diagram of a pre-filling device according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] FIG5 is a block diagram of a controller according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0032] FIG6 is a first block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application;

[0033] FIG7 is a second block diagram of a vehicle according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] The following describes in detail embodiments of the present application, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the present application.

[0035] The following describes the pre-charging method, pre-charging device, controller and vehicle proposed in the embodiments of the present application with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0036] In related technologies, pre-charge control adopts a control strategy that limits the number of pre-charges. This control strategy is to report a fault if the pre-charge is not successful even after the target number of pre-charges is reached. This pre-charge control strategy is based on fault judgment of the pre-charge circuit, such as the occurrence of vehicle capacitor failure or damage to the pre-charge resistor, and does not make judgments based on temperature rise. Therefore, this technical solution has the following deficiencies:

[0037] 1) To ensure lifespan and temperature rise tolerance, electrical components in the pre-charging circuit are generally selected to have higher specifications, which increases costs;

[0038] 2) If the pre-charging times are too high, the temperature of the electrical components in the pre-charging circuit will rise. If the heat is too high, the life and function of the electrical components will be affected.

[0039] 3) If the temperature tolerance of the plastic casing of the electrical components in the pre-charging circuit is low, the temperature rise during the pre-charging process will cause the plastic casing of the electrical components to melt, resulting in failure of the casing insulation and high-voltage safety.

[0040] Therefore, in order to at least partially solve the above technical problems, the present application proposes a pre-charging method. During the pre-charging process, the first real-time temperature of the target component is monitored in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and further combined with the number of pre-charging times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to control the pre-charging circuit and improve the pre-charging safety.

[0041] The pre-charging method of the present application is described in detail below with reference to FIG1 .

[0042] As shown in FIG1 , the pre-charging method according to an embodiment of the present application may include the following steps:

[0043] S1, in response to a pre-fill instruction of a target device, obtaining a first initial temperature T10 of a target component in a pre-fill circuit;

[0044] S2, control the pre-charge circuit to pre-charge the load, and obtain the pre-charge number n and the total pre-charge time t 总 ;

[0045] S3, based on the total precharge time t总 、Pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K of target component 温升 and the first initial temperature T10, determining a first real-time temperature T11 of the target component during the pre-charging process;

[0046] S4 , controlling the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature T11 and the number of pre-charging times n.

[0047] Taking Figure 2 as an example, battery pack 1 is connected to the load via high-voltage plug-in 2. When charging the load via battery pack 1, the pre-charge relay K2 and main negative relay K3 are first closed, establishing a pre-charge circuit to pre-charge the load. During the pre-charge process, the pre-charge resistor R limits the circuit current to prevent excessive current from flowing instantaneously when the circuit is turned on, which could cause a current surge in the circuit and load and potentially damage components.

[0048] During the pre-charging process, after the load reaches a certain voltage, the pre-charging relay K2 is controlled to disconnect, and the main positive relay K1 and the main negative relay K3 are closed. This disconnects the pre-charging circuit, and the charging circuit constructed by the main positive relay K1 and the main negative relay K3 continues to charge the load until the load is fully charged. During the pre-charging process, the pre-charging circuit has two functions: first, it protects the main circuit relay K1 from operating normally; second, it protects the high-voltage load from being directly input with high-voltage transient current, preventing the high-voltage load from being burned out due to the high-voltage transient current.

[0049] During the pre-charging process of a load, the temperature rise of the target component in the pre-charging circuit is related to the number of pre-charging cycles. If the number of consecutive pre-charging cycles is too high, the target component may overheat, thereby affecting the lifespan and function of the target component. To address the temperature rise safety issue of the pre-charging circuit that still exists in the related art, this application proposes a pre-charging method. Based on the pre-charging method of this application, pre-charging control is performed to improve the safety of the pre-charging operation.

[0050] It should be noted that the target device can be a vehicle, air conditioner, or other device that requires pre-charging, without limitation. The target component is the electrical component that constitutes the pre-charging circuit, such as the pre-charging relay K2, pre-charging resistor R, circuit wiring harness, and copper busbar in Figure 2. The following describes the pre-charging method of this application in detail, taking the target device as a vehicle and the target component as a pre-charging resistor as an example.

[0051] Upon receiving the pre-charge instruction sent by the vehicle controller, the battery management system responds to the pre-charge instruction and determines the first initial temperature T10 of the pre-charge resistor R. The first initial temperature T10 of the pre-charge resistor R can be calculated based on a formula, or the battery pack body temperature can be directly used as the first initial temperature T10. It should be noted that the current battery pack has a temperature sensor in the battery cell or certain special components (such as the end plate, cover plate, busbar, etc. of the battery pack) to monitor the temperature in the battery pack in real time to prevent overheating or overcooling in the battery pack. Therefore, the present application can directly determine the battery pack body temperature based on the temperature sensor in the existing battery pack, and further apply it to pre-charge control.

[0052] At the same time, when the battery management system receives the pre-charge instruction, it controls the pre-charge relay K2 and the main negative relay K3 to be energized to build a pre-charge circuit to perform pre-charge operation for the high-voltage load of the vehicle and obtain the pre-charge number n and the total pre-charge time t 总 The number of precharge times n can be divided based on the precharge time of each precharge. For example, when the precharge time of a single precharge reaches t1, the precharge is considered complete, and so on to determine the number of precharge times n in this precharge operation. The total precharge time n can be derived based on the number of precharge times n or determined by real-time timing.

[0053] Based on the first initial temperature T10, the total pre-charge time t 总 And the pre-set pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K of the pre-charge resistor R 温升 , through the formula the first real-time temperature T11=T10+t 总 *K 温升 The first real-time temperature T11 of the pre-charging resistor R is calculated. And based on the first real-time temperature T11 of the pre-charging resistor R, it is judged whether the pre-charging resistor R has an over-temperature risk, and the pre-charging circuit is further controlled in combination with the first real-time temperature T11 and the pre-charging number n. For example, when the first real-time temperature T11 of the pre-charging resistor R is greater than T1, it is considered that the pre-charging resistor R has an over-temperature risk, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop charging; when the pre-charging number n reaches the preset number n1, it is determined that the pre-charging number of this pre-charging operation has reached the pre-charging limit, and the pre-charging circuit has a fault, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop charging; when the first real-time temperature T11 is less than or equal to T1, and the pre-charging number n has not reached the preset number n1, the pre-charging circuit is controlled to continue charging until the pre-charging is successful.

[0054] It should be noted that the present application can first monitor and calibrate the temperature rise of the target component in the pre-charging circuit based on experiments, collect the temperature rise of the target component after each pre-charging during continuous pre-charging, that is, the real-time temperature, and establish a temperature rise control model of the target component through multiple actual temperature sampling values.

[0055] Taking the target component as a pre-charging resistor as an example, a test model is first established based on the target pre-charging circuit, and a temperature sensor is set at the pre-charging resistor of the test model to detect the temperature of the pre-charging resistor in real time. During the test measurement process, multiple actual temperature sampling values ​​of the pre-charging resistor in the continuous pre-charging process are obtained through the temperature sensor. Curve fitting is performed based on the multiple actual temperature sampling values ​​of the pre-charging resistor to determine the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the pre-charging resistor, and a temperature rise control model of the pre-charging resistor is established to determine the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient K of the pre-charging resistor in the target pre-charging circuit. 温升 The pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K of the pre-charge resistance measured in the experiment 温升 In the actual pre-charge process, the battery management system will save the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K 温升 The pre-charging resistor is called and the first real-time temperature T11 of the pre-charging resistor is determined in combination with the total pre-charging time n and the first initial temperature T10. Thus, the pre-charging method can be applied to the existing pre-charging circuit control without a temperature sensor, which improves the scope of application of the pre-charging method. It is understandable that during the pre-charging process, the temperature rise characteristics of different target components in the pre-charging circuit are different. Therefore, for different target components, the corresponding pre-charging temperature rise coefficient K 温升 Also different, for example, the preset temperature coefficient of the pre-charge resistor is K 温升1 , the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the pre-charge relay is K 温升2 , the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient of the copper busbar is K 温升3 , which can be determined based on experiments. In the actual control process, the battery management system determines the corresponding pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K according to the target components used. 温升 , to ensure the temperature rise monitoring effect.

[0056] Therefore, the application of the pre-charging method of the present application does not require any changes to electrical components, only changes to the control logic, and has strong compatibility.

[0057] It should be further explained that the determination of the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component in the pre-charging circuit can be performed after each pre-charging is performed. For example, after the first pre-charging is performed, the pre-charging duration of the first pre-charging is determined, and then the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component is determined based on the pre-charging duration of the first pre-charging. Whether overtemperature has occurred or whether there is a risk of overtemperature is determined based on the first real-time temperature T11 at the end of the first pre-charging. In the event of failure of the first pre-charging, whether to perform the next pre-charging is determined based on the first real-time temperature T11 at the end of the first pre-charging. For example, when it is determined that overtemperature has occurred or there is a risk of overtemperature based on the first real-time temperature T11, the pre-charging is controlled to stop, that is, the next pre-charging is not performed. When it is determined that there is no overtemperature or the risk of overtemperature is low based on the first real-time temperature T11, the next pre-charging operation is continued. The determination and judgment of the first real-time temperature T11 can also be performed simultaneously during the pre-charging operation. For example, the first real-time temperature T11 is synchronously confirmed at a preset time interval, which is not affected by the number of pre-charging times. When the first real-time temperature T11 reaches a preset temperature threshold, it is determined that the target component has overtemperature and the pre-charging operation is stopped in time.

[0058] The pre-charging method of this embodiment monitors the temperature of the target component in the pre-charging circuit in real time and controls the pre-charging circuit in combination with the pre-charging number n, so that there is no need to select redundant pre-charging circuit electrical components as target components in the pre-charging circuit, thereby reducing application costs. At the same time, without changing other functions, a temperature rise protection strategy is added to improve the overall safety of electrical components and battery packs, making it less likely for fuses in the charging circuit to burn out, reducing after-sales operations of replacing distribution boxes and other electrical components, and in the case of continuous pre-charging, based on temperature monitoring, it can prevent the occurrence of melting of the plastic shell of the electrical component due to excessive heat accumulation, prevent insulation failure and high-voltage safety failure caused by melting of the plastic shell, and improve pre-charging safety.

[0059] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature T11 and the number of pre-charging times n, including: if the pre-charging is unsuccessful this time, if the number of pre-charging times n is less than the preset number threshold N and the first real-time temperature T11 is less than the preset temperature threshold T, then the pre-charging circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load again; if the pre-charging is unsuccessful this time, if the number of pre-charging times n is less than the preset number threshold N and the first real-time temperature T11 is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold T, then it is determined that the target component has a pre-charging overheating fault, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load.

[0060] The pre-charge overheat fault may be that the target component has overheated, or the target component has not overheated but has a greater risk of overheating.

[0061] Specifically, when the pre-charge duration of this pre-charge reaches the preset charging duration, the pre-charge is determined to be completed. If the load voltage does not reach the target voltage at the end of this pre-charge, the pre-charge is considered unsuccessful. If the pre-charge number n is less than the preset number threshold N and the first real-time temperature T11 is less than the preset temperature threshold T, the pre-charge circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load again, that is, to perform the next pre-charge. If the pre-charge number n is less than the preset number threshold N, but the first real-time temperature T11 is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold T, it is determined that the target component has a pre-charge overheating fault, a pre-charge overheating fault reminder is reported, and the pre-charge relay is controlled to disconnect, exiting the pre-charge process.

[0062] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging method further includes: obtaining a load voltage and a single pre-charging time t0; determining that the pre-charging is successful when the load voltage is greater than or equal to a pre-charging voltage threshold and the single pre-charging time t0 is less than or equal to a single pre-charging time threshold t; and determining that the pre-charging is unsuccessful when the load voltage is less than the pre-charging voltage threshold and the single pre-charging time t is greater than the single pre-charging time threshold t0. The pre-charging voltage threshold can be set based on actual conditions.

[0063] That is to say, the load voltage is obtained in real time during the pre-charging process, and the load voltage is compared with the pre-charging voltage threshold. If the load voltage has reached the pre-charging voltage threshold when the single pre-charging time t0 of this pre-charging is less than or equal to the single pre-charging time threshold t, then the pre-charging is considered successful, and the pre-charging of the load is stopped, that is, the pre-charging circuit is controlled to be disconnected and the charging circuit is turned on, and the load continues to be charged through the charging circuit; if the load voltage is still less than the pre-charging voltage threshold when the single pre-charging time t0 of this pre-charging reaches the single pre-charging time threshold t, then it is determined that the pre-charging is unsuccessful, and whether to continue the next pre-charging is determined based on the number of pre-charging times n and the first real-time temperature T11.

[0064] According to one embodiment of the present application, after determining that a pre-charge overheat fault exists in the target component and controlling the pre-charge circuit to stop pre-charging the load, the pre-charging method further includes: obtaining a first pre-charging stop time t1 and a first real-time temperature T11 of the target component when the pre-charging circuit stops pre-charging the load as a second initial temperature T20 of the target component; based on the first pre-charging stop time t1, the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component 温降 and the second initial temperature T20, determining a second real-time temperature T21 of the target component; when the second real-time temperature T21 is less than a preset temperature threshold T, triggering the target device to send a pre-charge instruction again.

[0065] That is to say, in the case of multiple pre-charging, when the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold T, the pre-charging process is exited. At this time, the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component is the highest temperature of the target component and is also the second initial temperature T20 when cooling begins.

[0066] The vehicle's battery management system determines the first pre-charging stop time t1 and the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component according to the real-time determination. 温降 , based on the formula T21=T20-t1*K 温降 , calculates the second real-time temperature T21 of the target component. When the second real-time temperature T21 drops below the preset temperature threshold T, the battery management system sends a pre-charge instruction to the vehicle controller, triggering the vehicle controller to send a pre-charge instruction again to continue the pre-charge operation.

[0067] Therefore, in order to ensure the pre-charging function, this embodiment does not limit the pre-charging function after the pre-charging overheating fault protection is triggered. Instead, charging is resumed in time when the real-time temperature of the target component drops to a safe range, that is, below the preset temperature threshold T, so as to minimize the impact on customer use.

[0068] It should be noted that the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component 温降 It can be measured based on the test, and the specific reference can be made to the above-mentioned pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K 温升 The determination method is not described here.

[0069] According to one embodiment of the present application, when the target device is triggered to send the pre-fill instruction again, the pre-fill method further includes: using the second real-time temperature T21 of the target component when the target device is triggered to send the pre-fill instruction again as the first initial temperature T10.

[0070] That is, based on the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component 温降 When it is determined that the real-time temperature of the target component drops below the preset temperature threshold T, when the pre-charging operation is performed again, the second real-time temperature T21 of the target component is used as the first initial temperature T10 to determine the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component during the pre-charging process.

[0071] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature T11 and the number of pre-charging times n, and also includes: if the pre-charging is unsuccessful, if the number of pre-charging times n is greater than or equal to the preset number threshold N, a pre-charging failure signal is output to the target device.

[0072] That is to say, the number of consecutive pre-charging times is limited during the pre-charging operation. In the event of a pre-charging failure, if the pre-charging number is greater than or equal to the preset threshold value N, the pre-charging operation will no longer be performed, and a pre-charging failure signal will be reported to the vehicle controller to issue a fault alarm through the vehicle controller. For example, the fault code can be displayed on the central control screen.

[0073] The reason why the pre-charge count n is greater than or equal to the preset threshold N may be due to a faulty component in the pre-charge circuit, such as a faulty pre-charge capacitor or resistor in the vehicle. As a result, even when the pre-charge count n reaches the preset threshold N, the load still fails to pre-charge successfully. Therefore, it is necessary to report the fault to the operator for troubleshooting. After outputting a pre-charge failure signal to the target device, the operator can manually clear the fault or trigger the pre-charge command again after waiting for a preset period of time to continue the pre-charge operation.

[0074] According to one embodiment of the present application, the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature T11 and the number of pre-charging times n, further comprising: controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load if the pre-charging is successful; obtaining the second pre-charging stop time t2 and the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component when the pre-charging is successful as the third initial temperature T30 of the target component; and determining the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component based on the second pre-charging stop time t2 and the temperature drop coefficient K of the target component. 温降 and the third initial temperature T30 , determining a third real-time temperature T31 of the target component; and determining the first initial temperature T10 based on the third real-time temperature T31 .

[0075] That is to say, after the pre-charging is successful, the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load to exit the pre-charging process. The battery management system is based on the formula T31=T30-t2*K 温降 Calculate the third real-time temperature T31, where T30 is equal to the first real-time temperature T11 of the target component at the end of the current pre-charging operation. During the next pre-charging operation, the battery management system determines the first initial temperature T10 of the target component for the next pre-charging operation based on the third real-time temperature T31 determined by the formula. For example, the third real-time temperature T31 of the target component can be directly used as the first initial temperature T10 for the next pre-charging operation, or when the third real-time temperature T31 of the target component drops to the ambient temperature, the ambient temperature determined in real time can be used as the first initial temperature T10 for the next pre-charging operation.

[0076] According to one embodiment of the present application, determining the first initial temperature T10 based on the third real-time temperature T31 includes: when the third real-time temperature T31 is less than or equal to the body temperature of the battery pack, using the body temperature as the first initial temperature T10; wherein, the load is pre-charged through the battery pack; when the third real-time temperature T31 is greater than the body temperature of the battery pack, using the third real-time temperature T31 as the first initial temperature T10.

[0077] That is to say, when the pre-charge is successful and exits the pre-charge process, the battery management system will follow T31=T30-t2*K 温降 Calculate the real-time temperature T31 of the target component in the pre-fill circuit. When T31 drops to the same temperature as the package body, the target component temperature T31 is no longer calculated according to the formula. If the third real-time temperature T31 has already dropped to the same temperature as the package body at the start of the next pre-fill, the first initial temperature T10 of the target component will be the package body temperature. If the third real-time temperature T31 has not yet dropped to the same temperature as the package body at the start of the next pre-fill, the first initial temperature T10 of the target component will be the third real-time temperature T31.

[0078] It should be noted that the calculation of the third real-time temperature T31 can be determined at the beginning of the next pre-charge, or it can be calculated after the current pre-charge is successful. For example, after the vehicle controller sends the pre-charge instruction again, the battery management system obtains the first real-time temperature T11 when the last pre-charge was successfully completed, and determines the second pre-charge stop time t2 based on the time between the start of this pre-charge and the end of the last pre-charge, and then corrects the first real-time temperature T11 at the end of the last pre-charge based on the second pre-charge stop time t2 to determine the third real-time temperature T31. If the third real-time temperature T31 is greater than the package temperature, the third real-time temperature T31 is used as the first initial temperature T10 of this pre-charge. If the third real-time temperature T31 is less than or equal to the package temperature, the package temperature is used as the second initial temperature T10 of this pre-charge.

[0079] It should be noted that the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K of the target component in this application is 温升 And the preset temperature drop coefficient K 温降 It is obtained from actual tests. It may be different under different battery pack designs and different electrical component selection arrangements. It is also affected by the pre-charge strategy. Therefore, the pre-charge temperature rise coefficient K can be calculated based on different battery pack designs, electrical component selections, and pre-charge strategies. 温升 And the preset temperature drop coefficient K 温降 is determined for use in pre-charge control.

[0080] As a specific embodiment of the present application, the target device is a vehicle, and the target component in the pre-charging circuit is a pre-charging resistor. As shown in FIG3 , the pre-charging method may include the following steps:

[0081] S101, the vehicle controller sends a pre-charge instruction.

[0082] S102 : The battery management system responds to the pre-charging instruction and obtains a first initial temperature T10 of the pre-charging resistor.

[0083] S103, control the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load, obtain the pre-charging number n and the total pre-charging time t 总 .

[0084] S104, calculate the first real-time temperature T11 = T10 + t 总 *K 温升 .

[0085] S105: Determine whether the pre-charge is successful. If so, execute step S106; if not, execute step S112.

[0086] S106 , controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load, and determining a third initial temperature T30 of the pre-charging resistor when the pre-charging is successfully completed.

[0087] S107, determining a second pre-charging stop time t2.

[0088] S108, calculate the third real-time temperature of the pre-charging resistor T31 = T30-t2*K 温降 .

[0089] S109: Determine whether the third real-time temperature T31 is less than or equal to the battery pack body temperature. If so, execute step S110; if not, execute step S111.

[0090] S110: The temperature of the package body is used as the first initial temperature T10 for the next pre-filling operation. Execute step S102.

[0091] S111: Use the third real-time temperature T31 as the first initial temperature T11 for the next pre-charging operation. Execute step S102.

[0092] S112, determining whether the pre-charge times n is less than a preset times threshold N. If so, executing step S113; if not, executing step S106.

[0093] S113, determining whether the first real-time temperature T11 is less than a preset temperature threshold T. If yes, execute step S103; if no, execute step S114.

[0094] S114, determining that the pre-charge resistor has a pre-charge overheat fault.

[0095] S115 , controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load, and obtaining a second initial temperature T20 of the pre-charging resistor when the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load.

[0096] S116, determining a first pre-charging stop time t1.

[0097] S117, calculate the second real-time temperature of the pre-charging resistor T21 = T20 - t2*K 温降 .

[0098] S118, determining whether the second real-time temperature T21 is less than a preset temperature threshold T. If yes, executing step S119; if no, executing step S116.

[0099] S119, triggering the vehicle controller to send the pre-charge instruction again, and using the second real-time temperature T21 as the first initial temperature T10. Execute step S102.

[0100] In summary, according to the pre-charging method of the embodiment of the present application, first, in response to the pre-charging instruction of the target device, the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-charging circuit is obtained, and then the pre-charging circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load, and the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging time are obtained, and based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature, the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process is determined, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times. Thus, the method monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and further controls the pre-charging circuit in combination with the number of pre-charging times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the safety of pre-charging.

[0101] Corresponding to the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a pre-charging device.

[0102] As shown in Figure 4 , the pre-charging device 1100 of the embodiment of the present application may include: an acquisition module 10, a control module 20, and a determination module 30. The acquisition module 10, the control module 20, and the determination module 30 may be one or more processors. Alternatively, the acquisition module 10 may be a temperature sensor for acquiring the temperature of the target component, and the control module 20 and the determination module 30 may be one or more processors.

[0103] The acquisition module 10 is used to obtain the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-fill circuit in response to the pre-fill instruction of the target device. The control module 20 is used to control the pre-fill circuit to pre-fill the load and obtain the number of pre-fills and the total pre-fill duration. The determination module 30 is used to determine the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-fill process based on the total pre-fill duration, the pre-fill temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature. The control module 20 is also used to control the pre-fill circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-fills.

[0104] According to one embodiment of the present application, the control module 20 controls the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times, specifically for: if the pre-charging is unsuccessful this time, if the number of pre-charging times is less than the preset number threshold and the first real-time temperature is less than the preset temperature threshold, then the pre-charging circuit is controlled to pre-charge the load again; if the pre-charging is unsuccessful this time, if the number of pre-charging times is less than the preset number threshold and the first real-time temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, then it is determined that the target component has a pre-charging overheating fault, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load.

[0105] According to one embodiment of the present application, after determining that a pre-charging overheating fault exists in the target component and controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load, the control module 20 is also used to: obtain the first pre-charging stop time and the first real-time temperature of the target component when the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load as the second initial temperature of the target component; determine the second real-time temperature of the target component based on the first pre-charging stop time, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component and the second initial temperature; and trigger the target device to send a pre-charging instruction again when the second real-time temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold.

[0106] According to one embodiment of the present application, when the target device is triggered to send the pre-fill instruction again, the control module 20 is specifically configured to: use the second real-time temperature of the target component when the target device is triggered to send the pre-fill instruction again as the first initial temperature.

[0107] According to one embodiment of the present application, the control module 20 controls the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times, and is also used to: if the pre-charging is unsuccessful, if the number of pre-charging times is greater than or equal to a preset number threshold, output a pre-charging failure signal to the target device.

[0108] According to one embodiment of the present application, the control module 20 controls the pre-charging circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-charging times, and is also used to: control the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load when the pre-charging is successful; obtain the second pre-charging stop time and the first real-time temperature of the target component when the pre-charging is successful as the third initial temperature of the target component; determine the third real-time temperature of the target component based on the second pre-charging stop time, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component and the third initial temperature; and determine the first initial temperature based on the third real-time temperature.

[0109] According to one embodiment of the present application, the control module 20 determines the first initial temperature based on the third real-time temperature, and is specifically used to: when the third real-time temperature is less than or equal to the body temperature of the battery pack, use the body temperature as the first initial temperature; wherein, the load is pre-charged through the battery pack; when the third real-time temperature is greater than the body temperature of the battery pack, use the third real-time temperature as the first initial temperature.

[0110] According to one embodiment of the present application, the control module 20 is also used to: obtain the load voltage and the single pre-charge time; determine that the pre-charge is successful when the load voltage is greater than or equal to the pre-charge voltage threshold and the single pre-charge time is less than or equal to the single pre-charge time threshold; determine that the pre-charge is unsuccessful when the load voltage is less than the pre-charge voltage threshold and the single pre-charge time is greater than the single pre-charge time threshold.

[0111] Please refer to Figure 4. It should be noted that for details not disclosed in the pre-filling device 1100 of the embodiment of the present application, please refer to the details disclosed in the pre-filling method of the above embodiment of the present application, and the details will not be repeated here.

[0112] According to the pre-filling device 1100 of the embodiment of the present application, the acquisition module 10 responds to the pre-filling instruction of the target device to obtain the first initial temperature of the target component in the pre-filling circuit, the control module 20 controls the pre-filling circuit to pre-fill the load, and obtains the number of pre-filling times and the total pre-filling time. The determination module 30 determines the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-filling process based on the total pre-filling time, the pre-filling temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature. The control module controls the pre-filling circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-filling times. Thus, the pre-filling device 1100 monitors the first real-time temperature of the target component in real time based on the total pre-filling time, the pre-filling temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and further controls the pre-filling circuit in combination with the number of pre-filling times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-filling process to improve the safety of pre-filling.

[0113] Corresponding to the above embodiment, the present application also proposes a controller.

[0114] As shown in FIG5 , the controller 100 of the embodiment of the present application includes: a memory 110 , a processor 120 , and a program stored in the memory 110 and executable on the processor 120 . When the processor 120 executes the program, the above-mentioned pre-charging method is implemented.

[0115] According to the controller 100 of the embodiment of the present application, when the processor 120 executes the program, the above-mentioned pre-charging method is implemented. Based on the above-mentioned pre-charging method, the first real-time temperature of the target component is monitored in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and the pre-charging circuit is further controlled in combination with the number of pre-charging times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the pre-charging safety.

[0116] Corresponding to the above embodiments, the present application also proposes a vehicle.

[0117] As shown in FIG6 , the vehicle 1000 according to the embodiment of the present application includes the aforementioned pre-charging device 1100 , or, as shown in FIG7 , the vehicle 1000 according to the embodiment of the present application includes the aforementioned controller 100 .

[0118] According to the vehicle of the embodiment of the present application, based on the above-mentioned pre-charging device 1100 or the above-mentioned controller 100, the first real-time temperature of the target component is monitored in real time based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component and the first initial temperature to protect the temperature rise safety of the target component, and the pre-charging circuit is further controlled in combination with the number of pre-charging times and the first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process to improve the pre-charging safety of the vehicle 1000.

[0119] It should be noted that the logic and / or steps represented in the flowcharts or otherwise described herein, for example, can be considered as a sequenced list of executable instructions for implementing the logical functions, and can be embodied in any computer-readable medium for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device (e.g., a computer-based system, a system including a processor, or other system that can fetch and execute instructions from an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device). For purposes of this specification, a "computer-readable medium" can be any device that can contain, store, communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by, or in conjunction with, an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. More specific examples (non-exhaustive list) of computer-readable media include the following: an electrical connection with one or more wires (electronic device), a portable computer disk cartridge (magnetic device), random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), erasable and programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), fiber optic devices, and portable compact disc read-only memory (CDROM). Furthermore, the computer-readable medium may even be paper or other suitable medium on which the program is printed, since the program may be obtained electronically, for example, by optically scanning the paper or other medium and then editing, interpreting or processing it in another suitable manner if necessary, and then storing it in a computer memory.

[0120] It should be understood that various parts of the present application can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof can be used to implement: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application-specific integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0121] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present application. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0122] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. Throughout the description of this application, "plurality" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0123] In this application, unless otherwise specified or limited, the terms "installed," "connected," "connect," "fixed," etc. should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connection, detachable connection, or integration; mechanical connection or electrical connection; direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium; internal communication between two elements or interaction between two elements, unless otherwise specified. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on specific circumstances.

[0124] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described above, it can be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and cannot be understood as limitations on the present application. Ordinary technicians in this field can change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A pre-charging method, wherein: include: In response to a pre-fill instruction of a target device, obtaining a first initial temperature of a target component in a pre-fill circuit; Controlling the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load, and obtaining the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging time; determining a first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature; The pre-filling circuit is controlled based on the first real-time temperature and the number of pre-filling times.

2. The pre-charging method according to claim 1, wherein: The controlling the pre-filling circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the pre-filling times includes: If the pre-charging is unsuccessful, if the pre-charging times are less than a preset times threshold and the first real-time temperature is less than a preset temperature threshold, controlling the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load again; In the event that the pre-charging is unsuccessful, if the pre-charging times are less than the preset times threshold and the first real-time temperature is greater than or equal to the preset temperature threshold, it is determined that the target component has a pre-charging overheating fault, and the pre-charging circuit is controlled to stop pre-charging the load.

3. The pre-charging method according to claim 2, wherein: After determining that the target component has a pre-charge overheat fault and controlling the pre-charge circuit to stop pre-charging the load, the method further includes: Acquire a first pre-charging stop duration and a first real-time temperature of the target component when controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load as a second initial temperature of the target component; determining a second real-time temperature of the target component based on the first pre-charging stop time, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component, and the second initial temperature; When the second real-time temperature is lower than the preset temperature threshold, the target device is triggered to send the pre-charge instruction again.

4. The pre-charging method according to claim 3, wherein: In the case of triggering the target device to send the pre-charge instruction again, the method further includes: The second real-time temperature of the target component when the target device is triggered to send the pre-charge instruction again is used as the first initial temperature.

5. The pre-charging method according to claim 2, wherein: The controlling the pre-fill circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the pre-fill times further includes: In the case that the pre-charging is unsuccessful, if the pre-charging times are greater than or equal to the preset times threshold, a pre-charging failure signal is output to the target device.

6. The pre-charging method according to claim 2, wherein: The controlling the pre-fill circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the pre-fill times further includes: If the pre-charging is successful, controlling the pre-charging circuit to stop pre-charging the load; Acquire a second pre-charging stop time and a first real-time temperature of the target component when the pre-charging is successful as a third initial temperature of the target component; determining a third real-time temperature of the target component based on the second pre-charging stop time, the temperature drop coefficient of the target component, and the third initial temperature; The first initial temperature is determined based on the third real-time temperature.

7. The pre-charging method according to claim 6, wherein: The determining the first initial temperature based on the third real-time temperature includes: When the third real-time temperature is less than or equal to the body temperature of the battery pack (1), the body temperature is used as the first initial temperature; wherein the load is precharged through the battery pack (1); In the case where the third real-time temperature is greater than the body temperature of the battery pack (1), the third real-time temperature is used as the first initial temperature.

8. The pre-charging method according to any one of claims 2 to 7, wherein: The method further comprises: Get the load voltage and single precharge duration; When the load voltage is greater than or equal to the pre-charge voltage threshold and the single pre-charge duration is less than or equal to the single pre-charge duration threshold, determining that the pre-charge is successful; When the load voltage is less than the pre-charge voltage threshold and the single pre-charge time is greater than the single pre-charge time threshold, it is determined that the pre-charge is unsuccessful.

9. A pre-filling device, wherein: include: An acquisition module (10) is used to acquire a first initial temperature of a target component in a pre-filling circuit in response to a pre-filling instruction of a target device; A control module (20) is used to control the pre-charging circuit to pre-charge the load and obtain the number of pre-charging times and the total pre-charging time; a determination module (30) for determining a first real-time temperature of the target component during the pre-charging process based on the total pre-charging time, the pre-charging temperature rise coefficient of the target component, and the first initial temperature; The control module (20) is further configured to control the pre-filling circuit based on the first real-time temperature and the pre-filling times.

10. A controller (100), wherein: include: A memory (110), a processor (120), and a program stored in the memory (110) and executable on the processor (120); when the processor (120) executes the program, the precharging method according to any one of claims 1 to 8 is implemented.

11. A vehicle (1000), wherein: It comprises the pre-charging device (1100) according to claim 9, or the controller (100) according to claim 10.

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