Functional coal additive and coal additive preparation method

Abstract

The present invention relates to a functional coal additive and a coal additive preparation method, and, to: a functional coal additive with improved functions, which is composed of multi-mixtures injected, when a coal boiler is operated, together with coal in order to prevent clinker generation and increase combustion efficiency, wherein the multi-mixtures having different functions have differences in decomposition temperature and can sequentially act during coal burning; and a coal additive preparation method.

Description

Functional coal additives and methods for manufacturing coal additives

[0001] The present invention relates to a functional coal additive and a method for manufacturing a coal additive, and more particularly, to a coal additive composed of a multi-mixture for preventing clinker formation and increasing combustion efficiency by being injected together with coal during the operation of a coal boiler, and to a functionally improved functional coal additive and a method for manufacturing a coal additive, wherein the multi-mixture having different functions has a difference in decay (ignition and action) temperature and can act sequentially during coal combustion.

[0002] Coal is a traditional fossil fuel, and has been widely used as a safe and inexpensive energy source since the dawn of the Industrial Revolution due to its low cost and abundant, but not concentrated, reserves in specific regions.

[0003] Although its use is decreasing due to negative environmental impacts such as dust and smoke, coal-fired power plants and boilers are still in use due to the weaponization of resources by oil producing countries, the instability of nuclear power, a highly efficient alternative energy source, and the low efficiency of environmentally friendly energy.

[0004] Boilers using this type of coal have the problem of clinker formation due to the ash contained in the coal. This clinker deposits on the boiler's heating surface, hindering heat conduction and reducing thermal efficiency. Furthermore, it hinders ventilation and causes unstable combustion, lowering boiler efficiency.

[0005] In addition, the cost of maintaining the boiler, such as removing clinker generated in the boiler, increases and the economic loss increases due to the boiler being stopped for maintenance.

[0006] Examples of prior art technologies for preventing clinker as described above include Korean Patent No. 10-1301400 entitled “Fuel additive composition for reducing coal usage and harmful gases” and Korean Patent No. 10-1569632 entitled “Coal additive composition for reducing harmful gases and coal usage and removing clinker.”

[0007] The conventional technology described above has the advantage of being able to remove clinker and increase combustion efficiency, but since each fuel additive is in a liquid state, there is a problem that it is difficult to properly perform its role as a fuel additive due to hardening due to crystallization when stored for a long time.

[0008] In addition, in the case of the conventional technology, when the coal additive composition is injected into the boiler, it is injected in a liquid state diluted with water, so there is a problem of lowering the temperature of the boiler.

[0009] In addition, in the case of conventional technology, even when coal additives are injected in a fine powder form, it is difficult to evenly inject coal additives into the coal boiler, and since multiple coal additives are injected simultaneously, there is a problem in efficiency in that the function of each coal additive is not effectively exerted.

[0010] The problem to be solved by the present invention is to solve such conventional problems, and the purpose is to provide a functional coal additive and a method for manufacturing a coal additive with improved functions so as to reduce the emission of harmful components and the production of clinker, while maximizing the combustion efficiency of the boiler and improving its performance.

[0011] In addition, another purpose of the present invention is to provide a functional coal additive and a method for manufacturing a coal additive, wherein a multi-mixture of coal additives having different functions has a difference in decay (ignition and action) temperature and sequentially acts according to the timing of functional expression during coal combustion.

[0012] In addition, another purpose of the present invention is to provide a functional coal additive and a method for manufacturing a coal additive, which have improved functionality by protecting a mixture constituting the coal additive with a heat-resistant outer film to ensure safety, while providing an ignition promoting medium in the outer film to compensate for weakened ignition properties.

[0013] A functional coal additive according to one feature of the present invention comprises a first mixture comprising 15 to 25 wt% of potassium nitrate, 40 to 50 wt% of silicon oxide, 10 to 20 wt% of zinc oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of aluminum oxide, and 5 to 15 wt% of copper (II) chloride; And a second mixture comprising 15 to 25 wt% of aluminum oxide, 15 to 25 wt% of silicon oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of zinc oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of calcium oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of magnesium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of barium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of manganese dioxide and cobalt oxide, and 1 to 5 wt% of an amine salt, wherein the first mixture and the second mixture are surrounded by an outer film made of a heat-resistant polymer, thereby forming a first mixture capsule and a second mixture capsule, and the outer film of the first mixture and the outer film of the second mixture each contain nitrogen, and the nitrogen content of the outer film of the second mixture is lower than the nitrogen content of the outer film of the first mixture, and the collapse temperature of the outer film of the first mixture capsule may be lower than the collapse temperature of the outer film of the second mixture capsule.

[0014] The heat-resistant polymer outer film of the first mixture and the second mixture of the present invention may be a polyimide film layer.

[0015] The nitrogen content of the outer membrane of the first mixture of the present invention may be 0.40 to 0.50 wt% of the total weight of the outer membrane, and the nitrogen content of the outer membrane of the second mixture may be 0.05 to 0.10 wt% of the total weight of the outer membrane.

[0016] At least one surface of the outer film of the first mixture and the second mixture of the present invention may contain titanium dioxide.

[0017] The titanium dioxide of the present invention may be included in both the outer film of the first mixture and the outer film of the second mixture.

[0018] The amount of titanium dioxide applied to the outer film of the second mixture may be 50 to 60% less than the amount of titanium dioxide applied to the outer film of the first mixture of the present invention.

[0019] The titanium dioxide of the present invention may be applied to the outer film surface.

[0020] The titanium dioxide of the present invention may be introduced into pores formed in the outer film.

[0021] The outer film of the present invention may further include metal powder or glass fiber.

[0022] The mixture capsule of the present invention may further include an outer membrane positioned on the outer membrane and in contact with the first mixture or mixture.

[0023] The outer membrane in contact with the first mixture or the second mixture of the present invention may contain a pH-sensitive polymer or a humidity-sensitive polymer.

[0024] The outer film of the present invention may include silica or a metal material.

[0025] The second mixture of the present invention may further include ground crab shells.

[0026] The crab shell powder of the present invention may be included inside a hydrogel.

[0027] The present invention may further include a third mixture comprising magnesium carbonate and oxide, calcium carbonate and oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide, and copper (II) chloride.

[0028] The third mixture of the present invention may be surrounded by an outer film including a heat-resistant polymer.

[0029] Another feature of the present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a functional coal additive, comprising: a step of mixing and grinding 15 to 25 wt% of potassium nitrate, 40 to 50 wt% of silicon oxide, 10 to 20 wt% of zinc oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of aluminum oxide, and 5 to 15 wt% of copper (II) chloride to form a first mixture; a step of mixing and grinding 15 to 25 wt% of aluminum oxide, 15 to 25 wt% of silicon oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of zinc oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of calcium oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of magnesium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of barium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of either manganese dioxide or cobalt oxide, and 1 to 5 wt% of an amine salt to form a second mixture; The method may further include a step of encapsulating the first mixture and the second mixture by injecting them into an outer film formed using a heat-resistant polymer, wherein the encapsulating step further includes a step of adding nitrogen during the process of forming the outer film of the first mixture and the outer film of the second mixture, but adding nitrogen in a nitrogen content ratio of the outer film of the second mixture lower than that of the outer film of the first mixture, and the collapse temperature of the outer film of the first mixture capsule may be formed lower than the collapse temperature of the outer film of the second mixture capsule.

[0030] The present invention encapsulates at least one of a first mixture having a function of inhibiting clinker formation and a second mixture having a function of improving combustion disturbance, and makes the action points of the first mixture and the second mixture different from each other depending on the surrounding environment, so that each function can be performed efficiently.

[0031] Therefore, since the capsules of the first mixture and the capsules of the second mixture are broken differently depending on the surrounding environment inside the coal boiler, and the first mixture and the second mixture act at different times inside the coal boiler, the first mixture and the second mixture can perform their functions to the maximum without interfering with each other.

[0032] This can prevent or significantly reduce the formation of clinker, thereby improving the combustion efficiency of the coal boiler.

[0033] In addition, the combustion efficiency of carbon is maximized by injecting oxygen into the coal, and due to this improvement in combustion efficiency, the extraction of heat energy from the coal increases, which reduces the heat loss of the coal boiler and improves the efficiency of the coal boiler.

[0034] Additionally, the increased efficiency of these selective boilers can reduce the amount of air required for coal combustion, significantly reducing the generation of harmful substances.

[0035] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a functional coal additive according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 is an exemplary diagram showing an example in which titanium dioxide is applied to an outer film in the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 is an exemplary diagram showing an example in which titanium dioxide is introduced into the pores of the outer membrane in the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 is a flowchart of a method for manufacturing a coal additive according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. However, when describing the present invention, if a detailed description of a known structure would obscure or make unclear the technical idea of ​​the present invention, the description of the known structure will be omitted.

[0040] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of a functional coal additive according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0041] A functional coal additive according to one embodiment of the present invention may include different first mixtures (101) and second mixtures (201).

[0042] Clinker can be produced when ash generated during coal combustion melts at high temperatures.

[0043] That is, the ash molten at high temperature moves toward the exhaust port along with the combustion gas flow in a molten state, and the molten ash cooled by the reduced low temperature (e.g., 400℃) near the exhaust pipe of the coal boiler attaches to the surface of the pipe to form an initial layer. At this time, the initial layer can have a thickness of 1 to 2 mm, and the condensed alkali salt and ash particles mix with each other to maintain a very sticky state.

[0044] This initial layer gradually grows, and as the temperature rises, a sticky sintered layer forms based on the initial layer. Due to the sticky state of the sintered layer, particles of material moving from the sintered layer toward the exhaust region continue to adhere to the sintered layer, leading to its growth.

[0045] Due to combustion in the boiler, the boiler temperature rises further, and as the surface temperature of the boiler increases, the surface of the calcined layer melts, forming a melting layer, which produces clinker.

[0046] Therefore, as this process is repeated, the size of the clinker on the inner surface of the boiler gradually increases.

[0047] If the coal additive of this example is not added to the coal boiler, the components in the ash react to produce a compound [e.g., K2FeSO4 (melting point: 618 degrees)].

[0048] However, when the coal additive of this example is injected into the boiler, the compound generated as a component in the ash has a much higher melting point [e.g., MgSO4 (melting point: 1910 degrees)] than when the coal additive is not added, so that the melting phenomenon of the ash can be reduced or prevented. As a result, the generation of clinker inside the boiler can be suppressed [e.g., MgO (additive of this example) + SO3 = MgSO4 (melting point: 1910 degrees)].

[0049] For this purpose, the first mixture (101) of the present example may include potassium nitrate (KNO3), silicon oxide (SiO2), zinc oxide (ZnO), aluminum oxide (Al2O3), and copper (II) chloride (CuCl2).

[0050] Additionally, the second mixture (201) of the present example may include at least one of aluminum oxide (Al2O3), silicon oxide (SiO2), an oxide or chloride of zinc (Zn), an oxide or chloride of calcium (Ca), an oxide or chloride of magnesium (Mg), an oxide or chloride of barium (Ba), manganese dioxide (MnO2), and cobalt oxide (CoO), and an amine salt.

[0051] An example of the first mixture (101) is intended to prevent the formation of clinker, and may include, for example, 15 to 25 wt% potassium nitrate, 40 to 50 wt% silicon oxide, 10 to 20 wt% zinc oxide, 5 to 15 wt% aluminum oxide, and 5 to 15 wt% copper (II) chloride.

[0052] This first mixture (101), more specifically potassium nitrate, can play a role in raising the melting point of coal waste and preventing the formation of slag by porousing the molten slag. In addition, potassium nitrate can help to deoxidize the slag, thereby helping to quickly remove the slag residue discharged from the exhaust port of the coal boiler.

[0053] The silicon oxide in the first mixture (101) can play a role in increasing the oxidation level of the waste coal when coal is burned in a high-temperature boiler. This increase in the oxidation level of the waste coal raises the melting point of the waste coal, which may indirectly inhibit the production of basic substances.

[0054] In addition, the zinc oxide of the first mixture can directly react with (Na+K)2O, which causes a decrease in the melting point in the waste, and change the waste into a substance with a high melting point.

[0055] The aluminum oxide of the first mixture acts as a melting point increaser of the waste coal, and the copper (II) chloride performs a desulfurization action in a high-temperature coal boiler and simultaneously decomposes into copper oxide and chlorine gas, thereby completely combusting the unburned carbon in the waste coal.

[0056] In addition, chlorine can act as a supporting agent by converting iron oxide (Fe2O3) in the molten slag into chloride and volatilizing it while simultaneously creating porosity.

[0057] [Example 1]

[0058] The first mixture (101) of the present invention is manufactured by mixing and grinding, for example, 20 wt% of potassium nitrate, 45 wt% of silicon oxide, 15 wt% of zinc oxide, 10 wt% of aluminum oxide, and 10 wt% of copper (II) chloride, and the first mixture (101) is fed into the boiler in an amount corresponding to 1 / 3000 to 1 / 5000 of the coal fed into the boiler.

[0059] As a result, the melting point of the waste was increased, and the production of clinker was drastically reduced.

[0060] The second mixture (201) of the present invention is prepared by mixing and grinding, for example, 15 to 25 wt% of aluminum oxide, 15 to 25 wt% of silicon oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of zinc oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of calcium oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of magnesium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of barium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of at least one of manganese dioxide and cobalt oxide, and 1 to 5 wt% of an amine salt.

[0061] For reference, coal tends not to burn completely because it burns slowly and has a low melting point.

[0062] The second mixture (201) of the present example can be used to increase the combustion rate of such coal and prevent the interior of a coal boiler from corroding by generating a large amount of sulfur dioxide gas.

[0063] That is, during the combustion process of coal, the surface of the coal may be oxidized and ash may cover the surface of the coal to form an oxide film, and due to this phenomenon, the combustion speed of the coal may be reduced.

[0064] In this case, at least one of zinc chloride, calcium chloride, magnesium chloride, barium chloride, and amine salts can play a role in removing the oxide film formed while slowly decomposing at high temperatures, thereby allowing the coal to be in continuous contact with air, thereby increasing the combustion speed of the coal and removing the ash adhered to the water pipes or walls of the coal boiler.

[0065] In addition, calcium sulfate, magnesium sulfate, barium sulfate, etc., which are produced when aluminum oxide and silicon oxide are burned with sulfur, combine with ash to form substances with high melting points, thus preventing fusion.

[0066] At least one of the above manganese dioxide and cobalt oxide acts as a catalyst in the combustion process, and in particular helps to quickly burn non-combustible fuels such as coal.

[0067]

[0068] [Example 2]

[0069] The present invention comprises a first mixture (101) comprising 15 to 25 wt% of potassium nitrate, 40 to 50 wt% of silicon oxide, 10 to 20 wt% of zinc oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of aluminum oxide, and 5 to 15 wt% of copper (II) chloride, and a second mixture (201) comprising 15 to 25 wt% of aluminum oxide, 15 to 25 wt% of silicon oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of zinc oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of calcium oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of magnesium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of barium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of manganese dioxide or cobalt oxide, and 1 to 5 wt% of an amine salt, wherein the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) are made of a heat-resistant polymer. The first mixture capsule (100) and the second mixture capsule (200) are surrounded by outer films (102) and (202), respectively, and the heat-resistant polymer outer film is a polyimide film layer.

[0070] As the polyimide film layer, which is the heat-resistant polymer film, examples thereof include polyimide, polyamideimide, polyetherimide, and fluorinated polyimide (e.g., aromatic polyimide resin, alicyclic polyimide resin); polyethylene, polypropylene, polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, polyethylene-2,6-naphthalene copolymerized polyester (e.g., fully aromatic polyester, semi-aromatic polyester); copolymerized (meth) acrylates represented by polymethyl methacrylates; polycarbonate; polyolamide; polysulfone; polyolethersulfone; polyetherketone; cellulose acetate; aromatic polyamide; polyvinyl chloride; Examples of the film may include, for example, polyphenol; polyarilete; polyphenylene sulfide; polyphenylene oxyde; polystyrene, etc.

[0071] However, since the polymer film is assumed to be used in a process involving heat treatment at 450°C or higher, among the exemplified polymer films, those that can be applied in actual cases are limited.

[0072] For example, among polymer films, films using so-called softer engineered polymers are most preferred, and more specifically, include aromatic polyimide films, aromatic amide films, aromatic amide imide films, and aromatic benzoxazol films. Examples thereof include ethylene films, aromatic benzothiazole films, and aromatic benzimidazole films.

[0073] Hereinafter, a polyimide resin film, which is an example of a polymer film, will be described in detail. Generally, a polyimide resin film is obtained by applying a polyamic acid (polyimide precursor) solution to a support for manufacturing a polyimide film, drying, and greasing, and then inverting diamine and tetracarboxylic acid in solvent A. A filler (hereinafter also referred to as a "polyamic acid film") is further included, and is further peeled off from the support or on the support for manufacturing a polyimide film. The film is obtained by treating it at high temperature and performing a dehydration ring rebound.

[0074] Application of polyamic acid (polyimide precursor) solution is performed by, for example, spin coating, pseudo-reading, application, etc.

[0075] There is no special limitation on the diamine constituting the polyamic acid, and aromatic diamines, aliphatic diamines, and alicyclic diamines commonly used in polyimide synthesis can be used.

[0076] However, from the perspective of heat resistance, aromatic diamines are preferred, and among aromatic diamines, aromatic diamines having a benzoxazole structure are more preferred. When aromatic diamines having a benzoxazole structure are used, they are used with a high elastic modulus, low heat yield, low linear expansion bond, and high heat resistance.

[0077] As described above, when the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) are each surrounded by an outer film (102) (202) made of a heat-resistant polymer such as polyimide to form a first mixture capsule (100) and a second mixture capsule (200), the heat resistance is improved, and heat safety is secured even in a hazardous environment such as an external high temperature or surrounding atmosphere, thereby enabling safe storage.

[0078] In addition, the thickness of the heat-resistant polymer polyimide, which is the outer film (102)(202) of each of the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201), is such that the thickness of the outer film (202) of the second mixture (201) is thicker than the thickness of the outer film (102) of the first mixture (101).

[0079] In this way, when injected into a coal boiler, the outer film (102) of the first mixture (101) collapses first, so that the first mixture (101) acts when the coal is combusted, and then the outer film (202) of the second mixture (201) collapses, so that the second mixture (201) acts sequentially according to the timing of the function expression, thereby exhibiting the function of the mixture.

[0080]

[0081] [Example 3]

[0082] The present invention comprises a first mixture (101) comprising 15 to 25 wt% of potassium nitrate, 40 to 50 wt% of silicon oxide, 10 to 20 wt% of zinc oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of aluminum oxide, and 5 to 15 wt% of copper (II) chloride, and a second mixture (201) comprising 15 to 25 wt% of aluminum oxide, 15 to 25 wt% of silicon oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of zinc oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of calcium oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of magnesium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of barium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of manganese dioxide or cobalt oxide, and 1 to 5 wt% of an amine salt, wherein the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) are made of a heat-resistant polymer. They are surrounded by outer membranes (102) and (202), respectively, to form a first mixture capsule (100) and a second mixture capsule (200). At this time, the outer membrane (102) of the first mixture (101) and the outer membrane (202) of the second mixture (201) each contain nitrogen, and the nitrogen content of the outer membrane (202) of the second mixture (201) is lower than the nitrogen content of the outer membrane (102) of the first mixture (101).

[0083] At this time, the nitrogen content of the outer membrane (102) of the first mixture (101) is 0.40 to 0.50 wt% of the total weight of the outer membrane, and the nitrogen content of the outer membrane (202) of the second mixture (201) is 0.05 to 0.10 wt% of the total weight of the outer membrane.

[0084] This nitrogen penetrates or coats the outer film in the form of particles, promotes ignition above a certain temperature, and since it accounts for an extremely small portion of the total weight ratio of the outer film, the production of nitrogen monoxide or nitrogen dioxide after combustion is extremely minimal.

[0085] According to the present invention, when the mixture is introduced into a coal boiler, the nitrogen contained in the outer film (102) of the first mixture (101) first promotes ignition, so that the outer film (102) collapses first, causing the first mixture (101) to act first, and then the nitrogen contained in the outer film (202) of the second mixture (201) acts to contribute to the collapse, and when the outer film (202) collapses as described above, the second mixture (201) comes into action. That is, the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) act sequentially, so that the functions of the respective mixtures are each exerted.

[0086] At this time, the present invention has the advantage of ensuring safety because the first and second mixtures (101) (201) constituting the coal additive are each protected by a heat-resistant outer film (102) (202), but there is a risk that clinker may be generated and combustion efficiency may be reduced due to the ignition action being delayed during the combustion process of coal, so nitrogen, which is an ignition accelerating medium, is contained in the outer film (102) (202) to compensate for the weakening of ignition as described above, and thereby prevent clinker generation and reduction in combustion efficiency.

[0087] The present invention can control the collapse timing of the outer membranes (102)(202) by selectively adjusting the nitrogen content within a range.

[0088]

[0089] [Example 4]

[0090] The present invention comprises a first mixture (101) comprising 15 to 25 wt% of potassium nitrate, 40 to 50 wt% of silicon oxide, 10 to 20 wt% of zinc oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of aluminum oxide, and 5 to 15 wt% of copper (II) chloride, and a second mixture (201) comprising 15 to 25 wt% of aluminum oxide, 15 to 25 wt% of silicon oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of zinc oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of calcium oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of magnesium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of barium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of manganese dioxide or cobalt oxide, and 1 to 5 wt% of an amine salt, wherein the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) are made of a heat-resistant polymer. A first mixture capsule (100) and a second mixture capsule (200) are formed by being surrounded by an outer film (102) (202) respectively, and at least one side of the outer film (102) (202) of the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) contains titanium dioxide (103) (203).

[0091] In the present invention, as described above, when titanium dioxide (103)(203) is included on at least one side of the outer film (102)(202) of the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201), priority is given to the one included in the outer film (102) of the first mixture (101).

[0092] In this way, the outer film (102) of the first mixture (101) is first ignited and collapsed by the flame and heat generated when coal is burned in the coal boiler, causing the first mixture (101) to act before the second mixture (201).

[0093] Another example of the present invention is that the titanium dioxide (103) (203) is included in both the outer film (102) of the first mixture (101) and the outer film (202) of the second mixture (102).

[0094] At this time, it is preferable that the amount of titanium dioxide (203) applied to the outer film (202) of the second mixture (201) is 50 to 60% less than the amount of titanium dioxide (103) applied to the outer film (102) of the first mixture (101).

[0095] The present invention, when introduced into a coal boiler, first promotes ignition of the titanium dioxide (103) included in the outer film (102) of the first mixture (101), so that the outer film (102) collapses first, causing the first mixture (101) to act first, and then, the titanium dioxide (203) included in the outer film (202) of the second mixture (201) acts to contribute to the collapse, and when the outer film (202) collapses as described above, the second mixture (201) acts. That is, the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) act sequentially, so that each mixture exhibits its function.

[0096] The present invention can control the collapse timing of the outer films (102) (202) by selectively adjusting the amount of titanium dioxide (103) (203) within a range.

[0097] At this time, the present invention has the advantage of ensuring safety because the first and second mixtures (101)(201) constituting the coal additive are each protected by a heat-resistant outer film (102)(202), but there is a risk that clinker may be generated and combustion efficiency may be reduced due to the ignition action being delayed during the combustion process of coal, so titanium dioxide (103)(203), which is an ignition accelerating medium, is included in the outer film (102)(202) to compensate for the weakening of ignition properties as described above, and thereby prevent clinker generation and reduction in combustion efficiency.

[0098] At this time, the titanium dioxide (103)(203) is applied to the surface of the outer film (102)(202) as shown in the attached drawing, FIG. 2, as an example.

[0099] In addition, as shown in the attached drawing, the titanium dioxide (103) (203) is introduced into and bonded to the pores formed in the outer film (102) (202) as another example.

[0100] In another example, in the case of coal containing a large amount of sulfur (sulfur component), it is preferable to increase the amounts of calcium oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium chloride and magnesium chloride in [Example 2] to [Example 4].

[0101] Therefore, it is desirable that the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) are each injected at an appropriate time during the combustion process inside the coal boiler.

[0102] However, for the convenience of the process, in this example, encapsulation is performed on at least one of the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201), and the capsule of the first mixture (101) and the capsule of the second mixture (201) are broken in different environments, so that the action times of the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) can be different from each other.

[0103] Accordingly, in one example, at least one of the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) in the functional coal additive of the present example is formed encapsulated.

[0104] Due to the encapsulation process of the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201), as shown in FIG. 1, a first mixture capsule (100) in which the first mixture (101) is surrounded by an outer film (102) and a second mixture capsule (200) in which the second mixture (201) is surrounded by an outer film (202) are formed, which can be included in a functional coal additive.

[0105] For example, in the first mixture capsule (100) and the second mixture capsule (200), the outer membrane (102, 202) may be collapsed, i.e., broken, based on a preset environmental condition using any one of temperature, humidity, and pH environmental factors, so that the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (102) inside the outer membrane (102, 202) may be exposed to the outside.

[0106] Therefore, the encapsulation of the first mixture and the second mixture is to obtain the effect of sequentially introducing the first mixture, which performs the function of removing clinker, and the second mixture, which performs the function of increasing combustion efficiency, into the boiler according to environmental changes caused by at least one of temperature, humidity, and pH during the process in which coal combustion begins as the temperature of the coal boiler rises.

[0107] As already described, by this encapsulation process, the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) can be provided inside an outer film (102, 202) formed using a heat-resistant polymer, respectively.

[0108] The heat-resistant polymer for the outer membrane (102, 202) may contain at least one of ABS (acrylonitrile butadiene styrene), polyamide, polystyrene, acetal copolymer, acrylic, nylon, polycarbonate (PC), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), and polypropylene, which have a high heat deflection temperature (HDT), unlike general polymers that easily deform at low temperatures.

[0109] These heat-resistant polymers may be ultra-heat-resistant polymers such as silicone, or may be high-heat-resistant resin composites such as epoxy organosilicon resins and amine fillers, or polyurethane resins.

[0110] In another example, the outer membrane (102) of the first mixture capsule (100) using a heat-resistant polymer and the outer membrane (202) of the second mixture capsule (200) are each formed using a polymer having heat resistance up to different temperatures, so that the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) of the present example can be injected into the corresponding polymer outer membranes (102, 202), respectively, to form the first mixture capsule (100) and the second mixture capsule (200).

[0111] Accordingly, the outer membrane (102) of the first mixture capsule (100) and the outer membrane (202) of the second mixture capsule (200) may be made of materials having different heat-resistant temperatures, and for example, the heat-resistant temperature of the outer membrane (102) of the first mixture capsule (100) may be lower than the heat-resistant temperature of the outer membrane (202) of the second mixture capsule (200).

[0112] Accordingly, the first mixture (101) can be injected into an outer film (102) made of a polymer having a relatively low heat resistance temperature (e.g., polypropylene) to form a first mixture capsule (100), and the second mixture can be injected into an outer film (202) made of a polymer having a relatively high heat resistance temperature (e.g., nylon) to form a second mixture capsule (200).

[0113] As another example, the first mixture capsule (100) and the second mixture capsule (200) may be configured to enclose the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201), respectively, by applying the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) from the outside.

[0114] Each outer film (102, 202) formed through this coating method can be formed by coating the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) with a heat-resistant resin in the form of an organic solvent and hardening them.

[0115] This coating method has the advantage of being able to form mixture capsules (100, 200) of various sizes and shapes, as there is no limitation on size or shape, compared to the case where the outer membranes (102, 102) are formed in advance in the form of capsules and then the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) are injected into the interior of each outer membrane (102, 202).

[0116] The outer film (102, 202) formed by the external application of such heat-resistant resin also collapses depending on the temperature, and the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) provided inside each act inside the coal boiler to remove clinker and increase combustion efficiency.

[0117] In this case, when the outer film (102) of the first mixture capsule (100) made of a polymer having a low heat resistance temperature during coal combustion collapses before the outer film (202) of the second mixture capsule (200), the first mixture (101) spreads inside the coal boiler before the second mixture (201), and can act as an additive to prevent clinker formation during coal combustion.

[0118] Thereafter, as the internal temperature of the coal boiler rises, the polymer outer film (202) of the second mixture capsule (200), which has a relatively higher heat-resistant temperature than the first mixture capsule (100), collapses, causing the second mixture (201) to spread inside the coal boiler and act as an additive that prevents combustion disturbance during coal combustion, i.e., facilitates better coal combustion.

[0119] The sequential injection effect of the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) can primarily prevent clinker formation depending on the temperature, thereby eliminating factors such as ventilation obstruction, heat conduction obstruction, efficiency reduction, and operational instability, while reducing unburned substances, and secondarily further activating coal combustion to achieve high-efficiency coal combustion.

[0120] Unlike the present example, if the first mixture (101) and / or the second mixture (201) are introduced without being encapsulated in the coal combustion stage, each mixture (101, 201) may act simultaneously during the coal combustion process, thereby inhibiting the expression of mutual effects.

[0121] However, in the case of this example, the outer film (102) of the first mixture capsule (100) and the outer film (202) of the first mixture capsule (100) are sequentially collapsed according to the temperature, so that the action time of the first mixture (101) and the action time of the second mixture (201) are different from each other and interference does not occur, so that the functions of the first mixture (101) and the first mixture (201) are efficiently performed, and more effective clinker removal and increased combustion efficiency can be realized.

[0122] If the first mixture (101) and / or the second mixture (201) are directly injected into the coal boiler rather than in the form of capsules (100, 200) during the intermediate stage of coal combustion, the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) may be oxidized upon entering the coal boiler, making it difficult to evenly inject them into the coal and the inner surface of the boiler. Therefore, the amount of the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) injected into the coal boiler may need to be significantly increased, and in some cases, a large amount of additives for oxidation prevention may need to be injected.

[0123] However, since the coal additive according to the present example is injected into the boiler through at least one of the first mixture capsule (100) and the second mixture capsule (200) in which the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (202) are protected by an outer film (102, 202), at least one of the first mixture capsule (100) and the second mixture capsule (200) can be injected into the boiler in advance before combustion, and since the effect of being able to work in a balanced manner throughout the boiler during combustion is generated, convenience of use can be increased.

[0124] As another example, the outer film (102, 202) formed using a heat-resistant polymer may additionally include metal (e.g., aluminum) fine particles or glass fibers. In this case, the metal fine particles or glass fibers further increase the collapse temperature of the heat-resistant polymer, thereby causing the outer film (102, 202) to collapse at a higher temperature, allowing the embedded first mixture (101) and second mixture (201) to diffuse into the interior of the coal boiler.

[0125] As another example, the outer membrane (102, 202) may include silica or a metal material. In this case, the outer membrane (102, 202) has improved heat resistance, enabling the sequential implementation of coal additive functions according to various temperature changes.

[0126] As another example, at least one of the first mixture (101) and the second mixture (201) may be encapsulated within an outer membrane comprising a moisture-sensitive polymer or a pH-sensitive polymer. In this case, the outer membrane (102, 202) collapses when a predetermined moisture content or pH is reached, allowing the embedded first mixture (101) and second mixture (201) to be ejected into the coal boiler.

[0127] For example, a pH-sensitive polymer can be formed by combining a hydrophobic functional group and a pH-sensitive amine group with a hydrophilic polyaspartate series compound, and it is preferable that the outer film formed using the pH-sensitive polymer be formed on the inside of the outer film (102, 202) made of a heat-resistant polymer so as not to collapse too early when heated for coal combustion.

[0128] In this case, the outer membrane surrounding the mixture (101, 201) may have a double membrane structure, such that a first outer membrane directly in contact with the outside and containing a heat-resistant polymer, and a second outer membrane located on the inside, i.e., above the first outer membrane, containing a pH-sensitive polymer or a humidity-sensitive polymer, and in direct contact with the mixture (101, 201) may be provided.

[0129] Therefore, when the first outer film made of a heat-resistant polymer collapses during the coal combustion process, the second outer film containing a pH-sensitive polymer or a humidity-sensitive polymer collapses at a certain pH, that is, at a certain pH or humidity, and the corresponding mixture located inside, that is, the first mixture (101) or the second mixture (201), is released to the outside, that is, into the coal boiler.

[0130] In another example, the second mixture (201) may further include crushed crab shells.

[0131] Crab shell pulverization can further increase the combustion efficiency improvement effect of the second mixture (201) of the present example.

[0132] Crab shell powder contains a large amount of chitosan, and this chitosan component allows the second mixture (201) to adhere to coal during the combustion process, thereby increasing combustion efficiency. In other words, the crab shell powder can function to strengthen the adhesion of the second mixture (201).

[0133] In another example, the crab shell powder may be included in a form provided within the hydrogel.

[0134] Hydrogels, also known as hydrogels, are structures in which water-soluble polymers form three-dimensional cross-links through physical or chemical bonds. Hydrogel structures remain insoluble in aqueous environments and can retain significant amounts of water.

[0135] According to another example, the crab shell powder of the second mixture (201) is included inside the hydrogel so that the hydrogel protects the chitosan component before coal combustion, and during the coal combustion process, the chitosan component is transferred to the outside, thereby attaching the second mixture (201) to the coal and increasing combustion efficiency.

[0136] In another embodiment, the coal additive may further comprise a third mixture comprising 45 to 55 wt% of magnesium carbonate and oxide, 22 to 32 wt% of calcium carbonate and oxide, 3 to 13 wt% of aluminum oxide, 1 to 10 wt% of silicon oxide, 2 to 12 wt% of zinc oxide, and 1 to 10 wt% of copper(II) chloride (CuCl2).

[0137] The third mixture is intended to prevent sulfuric acid and vanadium contained in the ash from adhering to the heating surface during the combustion process of the coal boiler and corroding the metal. This third mixture can be formed into a third mixture capsule that is surrounded by an outer membrane and positioned within the outer membrane, similar to the first and second mixtures. At this time, the outer membrane of the third mixture capsule can also be formed using a heat-resistant polymer, and as described above, the third mixture can be injected into the interior of the formed outer membrane to form a second mixture capsule.

[0138] At this time, the heat-resistant polymer included in the outer membrane for encapsulating the third mixture may be a polymer that collapses at a lower temperature than the heat-resistant polymer of the outer membrane forming the outer membranes (102, 202) of the first mixture capsule and the second mixture capsule.

[0139] Accordingly, the order of collapse of the outer membrane according to the increase in temperature is outer membrane of the third mixture capsule -> outer membrane of the first mixture capsule -> outer membrane of the second mixture capsule, and among the first and second mixture capsules, the collapse temperature of the outer membrane of the third mixture capsule may be the lowest and the collapse temperature of the outer membrane of the second mixture capsule may be the highest.

[0140] Therefore, the outer membrane of the third mixture capsule can be collapsed first during the combustion process of coal, thereby protecting the surface inside the boiler.

[0141] In the third mixture, the oxides and carbonates of magnesium, calcium, aluminum oxide and silicon oxide all have high melting points and combine with vanadium and sodium compounds to form compounds of high melting point metal salts, which can be made higher than the heat transfer temperature of the heating surface of the coal boiler, thereby preventing fusion of ash and acting to detach already fused attachments.

[0142] Copper (II) chloride decomposes and combines with oxygen during combustion to form copper oxide and chlorine. At this time, chlorine acts as an oxidation promoter, oxidizing and combusting unburned carbon in the ash to reduce the production of unburned matter, thereby increasing thermal efficiency. At the same time, it reacts with deposits to form metal chlorides and make them porous, making them easy to remove.

[0143]

[0144] [Example 5]

[0145] A third mixture is prepared by mixing 30 wt% of magnesium carbonate, 20 wt% of magnesium oxide, 15 wt% of calcium carbonate, 12 wt% of calcium oxide, 5 wt% of silicon oxide, 8 wt% of aluminum oxide, 7 wt% of zinc oxide, and 3 wt% of copper (II) chloride and grinding them to a size of 300 mesh or larger. As a result of introducing the third mixture into a boiler, ash adhesion inside the boiler is reduced and corrosion is reduced.

[0146] Figure 4 is a flow chart of a method for manufacturing a coal additive according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0147] A method for manufacturing a functional coal additive according to one embodiment of the present invention comprises a first mixture forming step (S10), a second mixture forming step (S20), and a step of encapsulating at least one of the first mixture and the second mixture (S30).

[0148] The first mixture forming step (S10) forms a first mixture by mixing and grinding 15 to 25 wt% of potassium nitrate, 40 to 50 wt% of silicon oxide, 10 to 20 wt% of zinc oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of aluminum oxide, and 5 to 15 wt% of copper (II) chloride.

[0149] The second mixture forming step (S20) is to form a second mixture by mixing and grinding 15 to 25 wt% of aluminum oxide, 15 to 25 wt% of silicon oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of zinc oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of calcium oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of magnesium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of barium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of at least one of manganese dioxide and cobalt oxide, and 1 to 5 wt% of an amine salt.

[0150] The encapsulation step (S30) injects at least one of the first mixture and the second mixture into an outer film formed using a heat-resistant polymer to form at least one of the first mixture capsule and the second mixture capsule.

[0151] As described above, encapsulation can be performed by forming an outer film by coating at least one of the first mixture and the second mixture with a heat-resistant polymer in the form of an aqueous solution in another example, thereby forming at least one of the first mixture capsule and the second mixture capsule.

[0152] Through this encapsulation, the first and second mixtures sequentially act according to environmental changes such as temperature, enabling the coal additive function to be implemented.

[0153] According to the present invention, the combustion efficiency of power generation equipment can be improved by promoting combustion of coal by causing a chemical reaction through solid-solid contact.

[0154] Reducing excess air reduces exhaust gas, which increases heat recovery, allowing combustion in the coal boiler to occur at a constant rate and maximizing the maximum combustion capacity of the coal boiler.

[0155] The additive of this example can maximize coal combustion efficiency by injecting oxygen into coal.

[0156] It also reduces the levels of smoke and solid combustibles, promotes complete combustion, and reduces the amount of unburned carbon emitted from the chimney, thus reducing air pollutants (SO2). X , NO X , fine dust) can be significantly reduced, and the combustion process can be accelerated by lowering the ignition temperature, extending the combustion time, and increasing the combustion rate.

[0157] Since coal additives made of inorganic materials (SiO2, Al2O3, ZnO3, MgO, etc.) are introduced into the coal boiler, slagging and clinker formation can be suppressed without changing the temperature or pressure inside the coal.

[0158] When coal is burned, it reacts with substances that cause pipe corrosion, such as sulfuric acid gas or acid gas, to produce high-melting-point compounds, so clinker production can be suppressed and harmful gases can be rendered harmless.

[0159] Due to the formation of high melting point compounds, clinker formation is suppressed due to the role of non-melting pores inside the slag-like clinker, and the formed clinker can be easily removed from the heating surface, and foreign substances can be easily removed using a soot blower.

[0160] Although the present invention has been described in detail above with reference to specific embodiments, the embodiments are merely examples to facilitate understanding of the present invention, and therefore, embodiments that are substituted, added, and modified within the scope that does not depart from the technical spirit of the present invention are also considered to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention defined by the claims below.

Claims

1. A first mixture comprising 15 to 25 wt% of potassium nitrate, 40 to 50 wt% of silicon oxide, 10 to 20 wt% of zinc oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of aluminum oxide, and 5 to 15 wt% of copper (II) chloride; and A second mixture comprising 15 to 25 wt% of aluminum oxide, 15 to 25 wt% of silicon oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of zinc oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of calcium oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of magnesium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of barium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of either manganese dioxide or cobalt oxide, and 1 to 5 wt% of an amine salt. The first mixture and the second mixture are surrounded by an outer film made of a heat-resistant polymer, thereby forming a first mixture capsule and a second mixture capsule. The outer membrane of the first mixture and the outer membrane of the second mixture each contain nitrogen, The nitrogen content of the outer membrane of the second mixture is lower than the nitrogen content of the outer membrane of the first mixture, The collapse temperature of the outer membrane of the first mixture capsule is lower than the collapse temperature of the outer membrane of the second mixture capsule. Functional coal additive.

2. In paragraph 1, The heat-resistant polymer outer film of the first mixture and the second mixture is a functional coal additive that is a polyimide film layer.

3. In paragraph 1, A functional coal additive wherein the nitrogen content of the outer membrane of the first mixture is 0.40 to 0.50 wt% of the total weight of the outer membrane, and the nitrogen content of the outer membrane of the second mixture is 0.05 to 0.10 wt% of the total weight of the outer membrane.

4. In paragraph 1, A functional coal additive comprising titanium dioxide on at least one side of the outer film of the first mixture and the second mixture.

5. In paragraph 4, The above titanium dioxide is a functional coal additive included in both the outer film of the first mixture and the outer film of the second mixture.

6. In paragraph 5, A functional coal additive wherein the amount of titanium dioxide applied to the outer film of the second mixture is 50 to 60% less than the amount of titanium dioxide applied to the outer film of the first mixture.

7. In paragraph 4, The above titanium dioxide is a functional coal additive applied to the outer film surface.

8. In paragraph 4, The above titanium dioxide is a functional coal additive introduced into the pores formed in the outer film.

9. In paragraph 1, The above outer film is a functional coal additive further containing metal powder or glass fiber.

10. In paragraph 1, A functional coal additive wherein the mixture capsule further comprises an outer membrane positioned on the outer membrane and in contact with the first mixture or mixture.

11. In paragraph 1, The outer membrane in contact with the first mixture or the second mixture is a functional coal additive containing a pH-sensitive polymer or a humidity-sensitive polymer.

12. In paragraph 1, The above outer film is a functional coal additive containing silica or metal.

13. In paragraph 1, The second mixture is a functional coal additive further comprising crushed crab shells.

14. In paragraph 13, The above crab shell powder is a functional coal additive included in the hydrogel.

15. In paragraph 1, A functional coal additive further comprising a third mixture comprising magnesium carbonate and oxide, calcium carbonate and oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon oxide, zinc oxide and copper (II) chloride.

16. In paragraph 15, The third mixture is a functional coal additive surrounded by an outer film containing a heat-resistant polymer.

17. A step of mixing and grinding 15 to 25 wt% of potassium nitrate, 40 to 50 wt% of silicon oxide, 10 to 20 wt% of zinc oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of aluminum oxide, and 5 to 15 wt% of copper (II) chloride to form a first mixture; A step of mixing and grinding 15 to 25 wt% of aluminum oxide, 15 to 25 wt% of silicon oxide, 5 to 15 wt% of zinc oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of calcium oxide or chloride, 5 to 15 wt% of magnesium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of barium oxide or chloride, 1 to 10 wt% of either manganese dioxide or cobalt oxide, and 1 to 5 wt% of an amine salt to form a second mixture; It includes a step of encapsulating the first mixture and the second mixture by injecting them into an outer film formed using a heat-resistant polymer, The above encapsulation step is, In the process of forming the outer film of the first mixture and the outer film of the second mixture, nitrogen is added respectively, but a nitrogen adding step is further included in which the nitrogen content of the outer film of the second mixture is lower than that of the outer film of the first mixture. The collapse temperature of the outer membrane of the first mixture capsule is formed to be lower than the collapse temperature of the outer membrane of the second mixture capsule. Method for manufacturing functional coal additives.

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