System operating device and system operating method for battery formation system

Abstract

A system operating device and a system operating method for a battery formation system are provided. A system operating device according to the present invention includes: a monitoring circuit which monitors the state of a power supply facility; and a controller which, when an abnormality of the power supply facility is found, determines whether at least one of first to m-th operation schedules needs to be modified, on the basis of the first to m-th operation schedules of first to m-th charging / discharging units included in a charging / discharging facility and power amount information of an energy storage apparatus, and stops each of the first to m-th charging / discharging units associated with each of the operation schedules determined to need modification. m is a natural number greater than or equal to 2.

Description

System operating device and system operating method for battery activation system

[0001] The present invention relates to a control technique for improving the efficiency of an activation process performed by a battery activation system.

[0002] This application claims priority to Korean Patent Application No. 10-2024-0030856, filed March 4, 2024, and Korean Patent Application No. 10-2025-0016858, filed February 10, 2024, the entire contents of which are disclosed in the specification and drawings of the above applications are incorporated herein by reference.

[0003] Recently, as the demand for portable electronic products such as laptops, video cameras, and mobile phones has rapidly increased, and the development of electric vehicles, energy storage batteries, robots, and satellites has been in full swing, research into high-performance batteries capable of repeated charging and discharging is actively being conducted.

[0004] Currently commercialized batteries include nickel-cadmium batteries, nickel-hydrogen batteries, nickel-zinc batteries, and lithium batteries. Among these, lithium batteries are receiving attention for their advantages of being able to charge and discharge freely, having a very low self-discharge rate, and having a high energy density, as they have almost no memory effect compared to nickel-based batteries.

[0005] Batteries are shipped as finished products after sequentially undergoing assembly and activation processes. During the assembly process, a stack of positive electrodes, negative electrodes, and separators is housed and sealed in an outer case along with an electrolyte. During the activation process, the assembled battery undergoes a specific charge / discharge process. This process forms a solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) on the surface of the battery's negative electrode, imparting the intended electrical properties.

[0006] Batteries that have completed the assembly process are sequentially transferred to the battery activation system, and the battery activation system sequentially performs the activation process on the batteries in a first-in, first-out manner.

[0007] The battery activation system includes a charging / discharging facility provided to individually charge / discharge a plurality of battery boxes and a power supply facility provided to supply direct current power thereto.

[0008] If a problem occurs in the power supply system, power cannot be supplied smoothly from the power supply system to the charging and discharging equipment. Consequently, there is a risk that the activation process for all battery boxes will be halted until the problem is resolved.

[0009] The present invention has been devised to solve the above-mentioned problems, and the purpose of the present invention is to provide a device and method for preventing a situation in which the activation process for all battery boxes is completely stopped by adjusting the operation schedule of at least one charger / discharger included in the charging / discharging equipment when an abnormality occurs in the power supply equipment of the battery activation system.

[0010] Other objects and advantages of the present invention can be understood through the following description and will be more clearly understood through the embodiments of the present invention. Furthermore, it will be readily apparent that the objects and advantages of the present invention can be realized by the means and combinations thereof set forth in the claims.

[0011] A system operation device according to one aspect of the present invention is for a battery activation system including a power supply facility, a charging / discharging facility, and an energy storage device. The system operation device includes a monitoring circuit that monitors the status of the power supply facility, and a controller that, when an abnormality of the power supply facility is monitored, determines whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified based on first to mth operation schedules of first to mth chargers / dischargers included in the charging / discharging facility and power amount information of the energy storage device, and stops each charger / discharger among the first to mth chargers / dischargers associated with each operation schedule determined to need modification. m is a natural number greater than or equal to 2.

[0012] The controller can compare the amount of power scheduled to be supplied to the charging / discharging facility with the amount of power that can be discharged from the energy storage device to determine whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified.

[0013] The controller may determine that at least one of the first to mth operation schedules requires modification when the amount of power to be supplied exceeds the amount of power that can be discharged.

[0014] The above controller can determine the amount of power to be supplied based on the difference between the current value and the maximum value of the total power of the charging / discharging equipment.

[0015] The controller may determine the i-th to j-th remaining charge power amounts of the i-th to j-th chargers and dischargers operating in a charging mode among the first to m-th chargers and dischargers. The controller may determine the a-th to j-th operation schedules among the i-th to j-th operation schedules as targets for modification. (i) The sum of the a-th to j-th remaining charge power amounts among the i-th to j-th remaining charge power amounts may be greater than or equal to the dischargeable power amount, and (ii) the sum of the (a+1)-th to j-th remaining charge power amounts may be less than the dischargeable power amount. i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, j is a natural number greater than i and less than or equal to m, and a is a natural number greater than or equal to i and less than or equal to j.

[0016] The controller can compare the amount of power to be recovered by the charging / discharging equipment with the amount of power that can be charged by the energy storage device to determine whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified.

[0017] The controller may determine that at least one of the first to mth operation schedules requires modification when the amount of power to be recovered exceeds the amount of power that can be charged.

[0018] The above controller can determine the amount of power to be recovered based on the difference between the current value and the minimum value of the total power of the charging / discharging equipment.

[0019] The controller may determine the kth to lth residual discharge power amounts of the kth to lth chargers and dischargers operating in a discharge mode among the first to mth chargers and dischargers. The controller may determine the bth to lth operation schedules among the kth to lth operation schedules as targets for modification. (i) The sum of the bth to lth residual discharge power amounts among the kth to lth residual charge power amounts may be greater than or equal to the chargeable power amount, and (ii) the sum of the (b+1)th to lth residual discharge power amounts may be less than the chargeable power amount. k is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, l is a natural number greater than k and less than or equal to m, and b is a natural number greater than or equal to k and less than or equal to l.

[0020] A battery activation system according to another aspect of the present invention includes the system operating device.

[0021] A system operation method according to another aspect of the present invention is for a battery activation system including a power supply facility, a charging / discharging facility, and an energy storage device. The system operation method includes the steps of: monitoring the status of the power supply facility; if an abnormality of the power supply facility is monitored, determining whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules requires modification based on the first to mth operation schedules of the first to mth chargers / dischargers included in the charging / discharging facility and power amount information of the energy storage device; and stopping each of the first to mth chargers / dischargers associated with each operation schedule determined to require modification. m is a natural number greater than or equal to 2.

[0022] The step of determining whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified can determine whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified by comparing the amount of power scheduled to be supplied to the charging / discharging equipment with the amount of power that can be discharged by the energy storage device.

[0023] The step of determining whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules requires modification may determine that at least one of the first to mth operation schedules requires modification if the amount of power scheduled to be supplied exceeds the amount of power that can be discharged.

[0024] The step of determining whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified may be performed by comparing the amount of power to be recovered by the charging / discharging equipment with the amount of power that can be charged by the energy storage device, thereby determining whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified.

[0025] The step of determining whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified may determine that at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified if the amount of power scheduled to be recovered exceeds the amount of power that can be charged.

[0026] According to at least one of the embodiments of the present invention, when an abnormality occurs in the power supply equipment of the battery activation system, the operation schedule of at least one charger / discharger included in the charging / discharging equipment can be adjusted, thereby preventing a situation in which the activation process for all battery boxes is completely stopped.

[0027] In addition, according to at least one of the embodiments of the present invention, by determining which of the plurality of chargers and dischargers to adjust the operation schedule depending on which of the charging and discharging is more dominant at the time when an abnormality in the power supply equipment occurs, the activation process for at least some of the plurality of battery boxes can be continued as long as possible.

[0028] The effects of the present invention are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects not mentioned will be clearly understood by those skilled in the art from the description of the claims.

[0029] The following drawings attached to this specification illustrate preferred embodiments of the present invention and, together with the detailed description of the invention described below, serve to further understand the technical idea of ​​the present invention, and therefore, the present invention should not be interpreted as being limited to matters described in such drawings.

[0030] FIG. 1 is a drawing schematically showing the overall configuration of a battery activation system according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing the coupling relationship between the components of the battery activation system illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0032] Figure 3 is a graph referenced to explain an exemplary operation schedule of a charger / discharger.

[0033] Figure 4 is a graph that is used as a reference to exemplarily explain the change in total power of a charging / discharging facility over time.

[0034] Figure 5 is a graph that is used as a reference to exemplarily explain the change in total power of a charging / discharging facility over time.

[0035] Figure 6 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a system operation method according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] FIG. 7 is a flowchart schematically illustrating an example of subroutines that may be included in step S630 of FIG. 6.

[0037] Figure 8 is a graph referenced in explaining the method of Figure 7.

[0038] FIG. 9 is a flowchart schematically illustrating another example of subroutines that may be included in step S630 of FIG. 6.

[0039] Figure 10 is a graph referenced in explaining the method of Figure 9.

[0040] FIG. 11 is a flowchart schematically illustrating an example of subroutines that may be included in step S640 of FIG. 6.

[0041] Figures 12 and 13 are graphs referenced in explaining the method of Figure 11.

[0042] FIG. 14 is a flowchart schematically illustrating another example of subroutines that may be included in step S640 of FIG. 6.

[0043] Figures 15 and 16 are graphs referenced in explaining the method of Figure 14.

[0044] Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the attached drawings. Prior to this, it should be noted that the terms and words used in this specification and claims should not be construed as limited to their conventional or dictionary meanings. Based on the principle that the inventor can appropriately define the concepts of terms to best explain his or her invention, they should be interpreted in a way that conforms to the technical spirit of the present invention.

[0045] Accordingly, the embodiments described in this specification and the configurations illustrated in the drawings are merely the most preferred embodiments of the present invention and do not represent all of the technical ideas of the present invention. Therefore, it should be understood that there may be various equivalents and modified examples that can replace them at the time of filing this application.

[0046] Terms that include ordinal numbers, such as first, second, etc., are used to distinguish one of the various components from the rest, and are not used to limit the components by such terms.

[0047] Throughout the specification, when a part is said to "include" a component, this does not exclude other components, unless otherwise stated, but rather implies that other components may be included. Furthermore, terms such as "unit" used throughout the specification mean a unit that processes at least one function or operation, and may be implemented using hardware, software, or a combination of hardware and software.

[0048] Additionally, throughout the specification, when we say that a part is "connected" to another part, this includes not only cases where it is "directly connected" but also cases where it is "indirectly connected" with other elements in between.

[0049] FIG. 1 is a drawing schematically showing the overall configuration of a battery activation system (10) according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a drawing schematically showing the coupling relationship between the components of the battery activation system (10) illustrated in FIG. 1.

[0050] Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the battery activation system (10) includes a power supply facility (100), a charging / discharging facility (200), an energy storage device (300), a DC grid (20), and a system operation device (400).

[0051] The power supply equipment (100), the charging / discharging equipment (200), and the energy storage device (300) can be electrically coupled through a DC grid (20) to enable bidirectional power supply between them.

[0052] A power supply facility (100) is installed on a power line connecting an AC power grid (1) and a DC grid (20). The power supply facility (100) converts AC power supplied from the AC power grid (1) into DC power and supplies it to the DC grid (20).

[0053] The voltage of the direct current power supplied from the power supply facility (100) to the DC grid (20) can be maintained at a reference voltage (e.g., may be preset to 370 V, etc.) by feedback control.

[0054] The power supply equipment (100) includes an AC-DC converter. The system operation device (400) can perform on / off control on the AC-DC converter or adjust the size of the direct current power supplied from the AC-DC converter to the DC grid (20) depending on the status of the AC power grid (1).

[0055] The charging and discharging equipment (200) is a first to mth charging and discharging device (CD1 to CD m ) includes. m is a natural number greater than or equal to 2. The charger / discharger (CD) may include at least one bidirectional DC-DC converter. When x is a natural number less than or equal to m, the x-th charger / discharger (CD x ) can relay bidirectional power transmission between the battery box (BX) transferred thereto and the DC grid (20).

[0056] The charging / discharging equipment (200) can simultaneously perform individual activation processes for up to m battery boxes (BX). That is, the battery boxes (BX) are sequentially transferred to the battery activation system (10) after undergoing an assembly process, and the charging / discharging equipment (200) sequentially performs the activation processes for the battery boxes (BX) in a first-in, first-out manner. For example, the charging / discharging of one of the two battery boxes (BX) transferred first may be performed by the first charger / discharger (CD1), and the charging / discharging of the other battery box (BX) transferred later may be performed by the second charger / discharger (CD2).

[0057] In addition, the first to mth charge and discharge units (CD1 to CD m ) can operate in charge mode, discharge mode and idle mode independently of each other. For example, at the same timing, the first to mth chargers and dischargers (CD1 to CDm ) can operate in charge mode, another in discharge mode, and another in idle mode.

[0058] The type of energy storage device (300) is not particularly limited as long as it has the function of storing and supplying electric energy, such as a battery bank or an ESS (Energy Storage System).

[0059] The system operation device (400) includes a monitoring circuit (410) and a controller (420).

[0060] The monitoring circuit (410) can individually monitor the status of the power supply facility (100) and the status of the energy storage device (300).

[0061] The monitoring circuit (410) may include at least one of a first sensor module for measuring AC power input / output through a first power channel of the power supply facility (100), and a second sensor module (412) for measuring at least one of DC power input / output through a second power channel of the power supply facility (100). The monitoring circuit (410) may include a third sensor module (413) for detecting voltage and current of the energy storage device (300).

[0062] The controller (420) can detect an abnormality in the power supply facility (100) based on measurement data collected from the first sensor module (411) and / or the second sensor module (412) of the monitoring circuit (410). Types of abnormalities in the power supply facility (100) include, for example, (i) inoperability due to a failure of the power supply facility (100) itself, (ii) a power outage in the AC power grid (1), (iii) a disconnection in the power channel between the AC power grid (1) and the power supply facility (100), and (iv) a disconnection in the power channel between the power supply facility (100) and the DC grid (20). When an abnormality in the power supply facility (100) occurs, not only the output operation of charging power from the power supply facility (100) to the charging / discharging facility (200), but also the input operation of regenerative power from the charging / discharging facility (200) to the power supply facility (100) may become impossible.

[0063] The controller (420) can determine at least one of the dischargeable power amount and the outputtable power amount of the energy storage device (300) based on measurement data collected from the third sensor module (413) of the monitoring circuit (410).

[0064] The amount of power that can be discharged corresponds to the electric capacity stored in the energy storage device (300) and may represent reserve electric energy that can be utilized to continue the charging operation of the charging and discharging equipment (200). For example, when an abnormality occurs in the power supply equipment (100), the charging power from the energy storage device (300) is limited to the amount of power that can be discharged, and the first to mth charging and discharging equipment (CD1 to CD m ) can be supplied to at least one charger / discharger operating in charging mode.

[0065] The amount of chargeable power corresponds to the electric capacity that can be additionally stored in the energy storage device (300), and may represent electric energy that can be utilized to continue the discharge operation of the charging and discharging equipment (200) even when an abnormality occurs in the power supply equipment (100). For example, when an abnormality occurs in the power supply equipment (100), the amount of chargeable power is limited to the first to mth charging and discharging equipment (CD1 to CD m ) Regenerative power from at least one charger / discharger operating in discharge mode can be stored in the energy storage device (300).

[0066] The maximum storable power amount of the energy storage device (300) may be equal to the sum of the dischargeable power amount and the chargeable power amount.

[0067] The controller (420) controls the first to mth charge / discharge units (CD1 to CD) according to the status of the power supply facility (100) monitored by the monitoring circuit (410) and the status of the energy storage device (300). m ) is configured to execute control functions related to the same.

[0068] The controller (420) may be configured to include, in hardware terms, at least one of application specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), microprocessors, and other electrical units for performing functions.

[0069] The controller (420) may have a memory built into it. The memory may include at least one type of storage medium among a flash memory type, a hard disk type, an SSD (Solid State Disk type), an SDD (Silicon Disk Drive type), a multimedia card micro type, a random access memory (RAM), a static random access memory (SRAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), and a programmable read-only memory (PROM). The memory may store data and a program required for an operation by the controller (420). The memory may store data indicating a result of an operation by the controller (420).

[0070] The controller (420) can execute a control function to protect the battery activation system (10) when an abnormality or abnormal sign of the power supply equipment (100) is identified based on data collected from the monitoring circuit (410).

[0071] For example, in a charging superiority state where the total charging power supplied from the DC grid (20) to the charging / discharging facility (200) is greater than the regenerative power (which may be referred to as 'total discharging power') supplied from the charging / discharging facility (200) to the DC grid (20), the controller (420) can suppress excessive voltage drop of the DC grid (20) by controlling the power supply facility (100) to increase the DC power output to the DC grid (20).

[0072] As another example, in a discharge-dominant state where the regenerative power supplied from the charging / discharging facility (200) to the DC grid (20) is greater than the total charging power supplied from the DC grid (20) to the charging group, the controller (420) can suppress an excessive voltage rise of the DC grid (20) by controlling the power supply facility (100) to reduce the DC power output to the DC grid (20).

[0073] The controller (420) detects an abnormality in the power supply equipment (100) from the data collected from the monitoring circuit (410), and then detects the first to mth chargers and dischargers (CD1 to CD m ) while following the control sequence according to the first to mth operation schedules individually associated with the power supply equipment (100) and the first to mth chargers and dischargers (CD1 to CD m ) can be controlled. The x operation schedule is the x charger / discharger (CD x ) may be a data set defining the charge / discharge sequence of the activation process for the battery box (BX) transferred to the battery box (BX). More specifically, the x operation schedule may be a data set defining the charge / discharge sequence of the x charger / discharger (CD x ) may specify a power profile that represents the change in power over time from the time the activation process is initiated.

[0074] Figure 3 is a graph referenced to explain an exemplary operation schedule of a charger / discharger.

[0075] In the graph of Fig. 3, the horizontal axis (X-axis) represents time, and the vertical axis (Y-axis) represents power. For convenience of explanation, a positive sign is given to charging power, and a negative sign is given to regenerative power.

[0076] Referring to FIG. 3, the power profile (P1) corresponds to the operation schedule of the first charger (CD1), and the power profile (P m ) is a CD charger m ) corresponds to the action schedule.

[0077] t A [1] indicates the time when the first charger / discharger (CD1) initiates the activation process for the battery box (BX) transferred to it, and t A [m] is the m charger / discharger (CD) m ) indicates the time at which the activation process for the battery box (BX) transferred to it is initiated. Since each charger / discharger executes a common activation process, the power profile (P1) is t A [1] and t A When shifted to the right by the time difference of [m], the power profile (P m ) can completely overlap with t A [1] Since the power of the power profile (P1) has a positive sign, it can be seen that the first charger / discharger (CD1) operates in charging mode at the start of the activation process.

[0078] t B [1] indicates the time when the first charger / discharger (CD1) switches from charge mode to discharge mode, and t B [m] is the m charger / discharger (CD) m ) indicates the time when the battery switches from charge mode to discharge mode. Therefore, the first charger / discharger (CD1) is t B [1] The regenerative power is supplied to the DC grid (20), and the CD m ) is t B From [m], the regenerative power can be supplied to the DC grid (20).

[0079] t C [1] indicates the time when the first charger (CD1) ends the activation process, and t C [m] is the m charger / discharger (CD) m ) indicates the time at which the activation process ends.

[0080] t C [1] from t A During the period up to [m], the first charge / discharger (CD1) and the m charge / discharger (CD m ) can both operate in idle mode. Also, tB [1] from t A During the period up to [m], the first charger / discharger (CD1) operates in discharge mode and then in rest mode, while the m charger / discharger (CD m ) can operate in idle mode. Also, t C [1] from t C During the period up to [m], the first charger / discharger (CD1) operates in idle mode, while the m charger / discharger (CD m ) can operate in the order of rest mode, charge mode and discharge mode. This is the first to mth charger / discharger (CD1 to CD m ) is also consistent with the aforementioned explanation that the activation processes are performed independently of each other.

[0081] For reference, the first charger (CD1) is connected to the m charger (CD m ) when executing individual activation processes for m battery boxes (BX) in the order of t C [m] may be the completion time of the operation of the charging / discharging equipment (200).

[0082] Fig. 4 is a graph that is used as an example to explain the change over time in the total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200), and Fig. 5 is a graph that is used as an example to explain the change over time in the total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200).

[0083] In the graph of Figure 4, the horizontal axis (X-axis) represents time and the vertical axis (Y-axis) represents power. Power profile (P total ) represents the temporal change in the total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200).

[0084] At a specific time, the total power of the charging and discharging equipment (200) is 1 to m charging and discharging units (CD1 to CD m ) can respond to the difference between the total charging power and the total regenerative power. The total charging power is the difference between the first to mth charging and discharging units (CD1 to CD m) may be the sum of the charging power supplied to the charger(s) operating in charging mode. The total regenerative power may be the sum of the charging power supplied to the first to mth charger(s) operating in charging mode (CD1 to CD m ) may be the sum of the regenerative power supplied from the charger(s) operating in discharge mode.

[0085] Referring to Fig. 4, the total power of the charging and discharging equipment (200) is the first to mth charging and discharging units (CD1 to CD m ) can represent the power sum of the first to mth chargers and dischargers (CD1 to CD m ) The total power of each power and charging / discharging equipment (200) may have a relationship according to the following equation 1.

[0086] <Formula 1>

[0087]

[0088] In Equation 1, P x (t) is the x-th charge / discharge current (CD) at time t x ) power, P total (t) may be the total power of the charging / discharging facility (200) at time t.

[0089] Referring to FIG. 4 along with FIG. 3, t A [1] In the first charger / discharger (CD1), only the activation process is initiated, and then the battery boxes (BX) are sequentially transferred to the charging / discharging equipment (200), and the second to m charger / dischargers (CD2 to CD1) are activated. m ) also initiates the activation process sequentially. Accordingly, t A [1] Until a certain amount of time has passed, the total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200) gradually increases.

[0090] t U is the time when the total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200) reaches its maximum. The total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200) reaches its maximum at time t U It gradually descends from time t T reaches 0[W] at time tT In , the total charging power and the total discharging power become the same. The state in which the total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200) has a positive sign can be called a 'charge dominant state', and the charge dominant state is maintained at t A [1] from t T The period until then can be called the 'charging dominance period'.

[0091] Meanwhile, visual t B [1] From the time t, even though the power of the first charger (CD1) is negative, B [1] from t U The reason why the total power can increase up to this point is because at least one other charger / discharger is operating in charging mode during the same period.

[0092] t L is the time when the total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200) becomes minimum. The total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200) is at time t L From time t C [m] gradually increases. The state in which the total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200) has a negative sign can be called a 'discharge dominant state (or regenerative dominant state)', and the state in which the discharge dominant state is maintained is t T From t C The period up to [m] can be called the ‘discharge dominant period’.

[0093] In the graph of Figure 5, the horizontal axis (X-axis) represents time and the vertical axis (Y-axis) represents power amount. Power amount curve (E total ) represents the change over time in the total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200).

[0094] The total power and total power amount of the charging / discharging equipment (200) may have a relationship according to the following equation 2.

[0095] <Formula 2>

[0096]

[0097] In Equation 2, P total(x) is the total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200) at time x, and E total (t) is t A [1] It may be the total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200) during the period from t to t.

[0098] Referring to FIG. 5 together with FIG. 4, t A [1] from t T Power profile (P) during the period total ) has a positive sign, so the total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200) is t A [1] from t T It continues to rise until.

[0099] visual t T At the boundary, the total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200) changes from a positive sign to a negative sign, so the power curve (E total ) total power at time t T It reaches its maximum in .

[0100] t T From t C Power profile (P) for the period up to [m] total ) has a negative sign, so the total power of the charging / discharging equipment (200) is at time t T From the time t, it continues to descend. C It becomes minimum when [m] is reached.

[0101] Figure 6 is a flowchart schematically illustrating a system operation method according to another embodiment of the present invention. The method according to Figure 6 can be repeatedly executed periodically or aperiodically by the system operation device (400) while the activation process is being performed by the battery activation system (10).

[0102] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 6, in step S610, the controller (420) monitors the status of the power supply facility (100) and the status of the energy storage device (300) based on data collected from the monitoring circuit (410).

[0103] In step S620, the controller (420) determines whether an abnormality has occurred in the power supply facility (100). If the value of step S620 is "Yes," the method of FIG. 6 may proceed to step S630. If the value of step S620 is "No," the method of FIG. 6 may be terminated. For reference, t of FIG. 5 FC It may be the time when an abnormality occurs in the power supply equipment (100) in the charging dominant state, and t FD It may be the time when an abnormality occurs in the power supply equipment (100) in a charging dominant state.

[0104] In step S630, the controller (420) controls the first to mth chargers (CD1 to CD) included in the charging and discharging equipment (200). m ) based on the first to mth operation schedules individually associated with the energy storage device (300) and the power amount information, it is determined whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules requires modification. If the value of step S630 is “Yes”, the method of FIG. 6 may proceed to step S640. If the value of step S630 is “No”, the method of FIG. 6 may be terminated.

[0105] In step S630, the controller (420) controls the first to mth charging and discharging units (CD1 to CD m ) stops each charger / discharger associated with each operation schedule that is determined to require modification.

[0106] FIG. 7 is a flowchart schematically illustrating an example of subroutines that may be included in step S630 of FIG. 6, and FIG. 8 is a graph referenced in explaining the method of FIG. 7.

[0107] Referring to FIG. 7, in step S710, the controller (420) determines whether the charging / discharging equipment (200) is operating in a charging-dominant state. A value of "yes" in step S710 means that an abnormality in the power supply equipment (100) occurred while the charging / discharging equipment (200) was performing an activation process in a charging-dominant state.

[0108] Power curve of Fig. 8 (E total ) is the power curve (E) of Fig. 5 total ) is assumed to be the same as t FC If it indicates the time when an abnormality occurred in the power supply facility (100), time t FC is the time to come in the future t T Since it is preceded by , the value of step S710 may be output as “Yes”. If the value of step S710 is “Yes”, the process may proceed to step S720.

[0109] In step S720, the controller (420) compares the amount of power scheduled to be supplied to the charging / discharging facility (200) with the amount of power that can be discharged from the energy storage device (300) to determine whether the amount of power scheduled to be supplied exceeds the amount of power that can be discharged.

[0110] Referring to Figure 8, the power supply amount (ΔE C ) is, if there was no abnormality in the power supply equipment (100), time t FC From time t T The amount of power to be supplied from the power supply facility (100) to the charging / discharging facility (200) can be indicated. The controller (420) can display the current value (time t) of the total power of the charging / discharging facility (200). FC total power) and maximum value (at time t T Depending on the difference between the total power in , the power to be supplied (ΔE C ) can be determined.

[0111] The amount of power to be supplied can be determined through the following equation 3 based on the above equation 2.

[0112] <Formula 3>

[0113]

[0114] The amount of power supplied is greater than the expected amount of power supplied at the time t FC It must be secured in the energy storage device (300) at time t T The energy storage device (300) can sufficiently supply charging power to the charging / discharging device (200) in place of the power supply device (100).

[0115] If the amount of power that can be discharged is less than the amount of power to be supplied, time t T Before this arrival, the energy stored in the energy storage device (300) may be depleted, which may cause the operation of a plurality of chargers and dischargers in the charging mode to be unexpectedly interrupted. Therefore, the value of step S720 being "Yes" may mean that at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified so that the amount of power to be supplied becomes less than or equal to the amount of power that can be discharged. If the value of step S720 is "Yes", the process may proceed to step S640 of FIG. 6. If the value of step S720 is "No", the method according to FIG. 6 may be terminated.

[0116] FIG. 9 is a flowchart schematically illustrating another example of subroutines that may be included in step S630 of FIG. 6, and FIG. 10 is a graph referenced in explaining the method of FIG. 9.

[0117] Referring to FIG. 9, in step S910, the controller (420) determines whether the charging / discharging equipment (200) is operating in a discharge-dominant state. A value of "yes" in step S910 means that an abnormality in the power supply equipment (100) occurred while the charging / discharging equipment (200) was performing an activation process in a discharge-dominant state.

[0118] Power curve of Fig. 10 (E total ) is the power curve (E) of Fig. 5 total) is assumed to be the same as t in Fig. 8. FC t different from FD If it indicates the time when an abnormality occurred in the power supply facility (100), time t FD is time t T Since the value of step S910 may be output as “Yes”, if the value of step S910 is “Yes”, the process may proceed to step S920.

[0119] In step S920, the controller (420) compares the amount of power to be recovered by the charging / discharging equipment (200) with the amount of power that can be charged by the energy storage device (300) to determine whether the amount of power to be recovered exceeds the amount of power that can be charged.

[0120] Referring to Figure 10, the amount of power expected to be recovered (ΔE D ) is, t FD From t C [m] can represent the amount of power to be recovered by the charging / discharging equipment (200). That is, the amount of power expected to be recovered (ΔE D ) is the power curve (E total ) according to t FD Total power in and t C It may be the difference between the total power at [m].

[0121] The amount of power expected to be recovered can be determined through the following equation 4 based on the above equation 2.

[0122] <Formula 4>

[0123]

[0124] visual t FD The chargeable power of the energy storage device (300) must be greater than the expected power to be recovered, so that the regenerative power supplied from the charging / discharging equipment (200) can be used at the time t FD From t C [m] can be stored in the energy storage device (300).

[0125] If the amount of chargeable power is less than the amount of power to be recovered, time t C [m] Before the energy storage device (300) is fully charged, the operation in the discharge mode of a plurality of chargers and dischargers may be unexpectedly interrupted. Therefore, the value of step S920 being "Yes" may mean that at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified so that the amount of power to be recovered becomes less than or equal to the amount of power that can be charged. If the value of step S920 is "Yes", the process may proceed to step S640 of FIG. 6. If the value of step S920 is "No", the method according to FIG. 6 may be terminated.

[0126] FIG. 11 is a flowchart schematically illustrating an example of subroutines that may be included in step S640 of FIG. 6, and FIGS. 12 and 13 are graphs referenced in explaining the method of FIG. 11.

[0127] Referring to FIG. 11, in step S1110, the controller (420) controls the i to j charger / discharger (CD) operating in charging mode. i ~CD j ) determines the i to jth residual charge power individually associated with each other. i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and j is a natural number greater than i and less than or equal to m.

[0128] Here, the i to jth charge / discharge units (CD i ~CD j ) are all abnormal occurrence times (t in Fig. 8) FC ) may be a charger / discharger already in charging mode. Or, the i to j charger / discharger (CD i ~CD j ) may be a charger / discharger that is already in charging mode at the time of the abnormality occurrence, and the i to j charger / discharger (CD i ~CD j ) The remaining chargers may be chargers that are scheduled to operate in charging mode after the abnormality occurs.

[0129] When y is a natural number greater than or equal to i and less than or equal to j, the y-th remaining charge power is the y-th charge / discharge unit (CD) during the remaining time until the total power of the charge / discharge facility (200) reaches the maximum value. y ) can represent the amount of power to be supplied to the battery. The remaining charge power amount can be determined according to the following equation 5.

[0130] <Formula 5>

[0131]

[0132] In Equation 5, P y (t) is the y-th charge / discharge current (CD) at time t y ) is the power of EA y may be the remaining charge power of the battery.

[0133] In step S1120, the controller (420) determines the a-jth operation schedule among the i-jth operation schedules as a target for modification. a is a natural number greater than or equal to i and less than j. (i) The sum of the a-jth remaining charge power amounts among the i-jth remaining charge power amounts is greater than or equal to the dischargeable power amount (or the difference between the power amount scheduled to be supplied and the power amount available for discharge), and (ii) the sum of the (a+1)-jth remaining charge power amounts is less than the dischargeable power amount (or the difference between the power amount scheduled to be supplied and the power amount available for discharge).

[0134] In step S1130, the controller (420) controls the a to j charger / discharger (CD a ~CD j ) can stop the operation in the charging mode. That is, each of the a to j operation schedules is at time t FC The power from can be modified to be 0[W].

[0135] Referring to Figure 12, as the a operation schedule is modified, the a charger / discharger (CD a ) modified power profile (P a' ) has t A [a]~tC [a] Among t A [a]~t FC Only the corresponding part remains, and the power profile of each other charger / discharger that has been decided to be modified is the same.

[0136] Also, the a to j chargers (CD a ~CD j ) in charging mode is visual t FC As it stops, the power curve (E total ) is the modified power curve (E) shown in Fig. 13. total_C ) can be changed. The modified power curve (E total_C ) represents the total power at time t FC From then on, the power curve (E total ) is lower than the total power indicated by the modified power curve (E total_C ) is the maximum value of the total power curve (E total ) is less than the maximum value of the total power, and the time (t) when it becomes the maximum value T ') is visual t T It gets ahead of itself.

[0137] FIG. 14 is a flowchart schematically illustrating another example of subroutines that may be included in step S640 of FIG. 6, and FIGS. 15 and 16 are graphs referenced in explaining the method of FIG. 14.

[0138] Referring to FIG. 14, in step S1410, the controller (420) operates the kth to lth charger / discharger (CD) in the discharge mode. k ~CD l ) individually determines the kth to lth residual discharge power associated with the charge / discharge capacitor (CD). k is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, and l is a natural number greater than k and less than or equal to m. Here, the kth to lth charge / discharge capacitor (CD) k ~CD l ) are all abnormal occurrence times (t in Fig. 10 FD) may already be in discharge mode. Or, the kth to lth charger / discharger (CD k ~CD l ) may be a charger / discharger that is already in discharge mode at the time of occurrence of the abnormality, and the kth to lth charger / discharger (CD k ~CD l ) The remaining chargers and dischargers may be chargers that are scheduled to operate in discharge mode after the abnormality occurs.

[0139] When z is a natural number greater than or equal to k and less than or equal to l, the z-th remaining discharge power is the z-th charge / discharge unit (CD) during the remaining time until the total power of the charge / discharge facility (200) reaches the minimum value. z ) can represent the amount of power to be recovered. The z-th remaining discharged power can be determined according to the following equation 6.

[0140] <Formula 6>

[0141]

[0142] In Equation 6, P z (t) is the z-th charge / discharge current (CD) at time t z ) is the power, and EB z may be the remaining discharge power of the z-th battery.

[0143] In step S1420, the controller (420) determines the b-th to the l-th operation schedules among the k-th to l-th operation schedules as targets for modification. b is a natural number greater than or equal to k and less than or equal to l. (i) The sum of the b-th to the k-th remaining discharged power amounts among the k-th to l-th remaining discharged power amounts is greater than or equal to the chargeable power amount (or the difference between the power amount scheduled to be regenerated and the chargeable power amount), and (ii) the sum of the (b+1)-th to the l-th remaining discharged power amounts is less than the chargeable power amount (or the difference between the power amount scheduled to be regenerated and the chargeable power amount).

[0144] In step S1430, the controller (420) controls the b to l charger / discharger (CD) b ~CDl ) can stop the operation in the discharge mode. That is, each of the b to l operation schedules is at time t FD The power from can be modified to be 0[W].

[0145] Referring to Figure 15, as the B operation schedule is modified, the B charger / discharger (CD b ) modified power profile (P b' ) has t A [b]~t C [b] Among t A [b]~t FD Only the corresponding part remains, and the power profile of each other charger / discharger that has been decided to be modified is the same.

[0146] Also, the B to I charger / discharger (CD) b ~CD l ) in the discharge mode is visual t FD As it stops, the power curve (E total ) is the modified power curve (E) shown in Fig. 16. total_D ) can be changed. The modified power curve (E total_D ) represents the total power at time t FD From the power curve (E total ) is lower than the total power indicated by the modified power curve (E total_D ) is the minimum value of the total power curve (E total ) is greater than the minimum value of the total power, and the time t when it becomes the minimum value N Silver time t C It comes before [m].

[0147] The embodiments of the present invention described above are not implemented only through devices and methods, but may also be implemented through a program that realizes a function corresponding to the configuration of the embodiments of the present invention or a recording medium on which the program is recorded, and such implementation can be easily implemented by an expert in the technical field to which the present invention belongs based on the description of the embodiments described above.

[0148] Although the present invention has been described above with reference to limited embodiments and drawings, the present invention is not limited thereto, and it is obvious that various modifications and variations are possible within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention and the equivalent scope of the patent claims to be described below by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention pertains.

[0149] In addition, the present invention described above is not limited to the above-described embodiments and the attached drawings, and all or part of each embodiment may be selectively combined and configured so that various modifications can be made, as those skilled in the art can make various substitutions, modifications, and changes within the scope of the technical idea of ​​the present invention.

Claims

1. In a system operating device for a battery activation system including a power supply facility, a charging / discharging facility, and an energy storage device, A monitoring circuit for monitoring the status of the above power supply equipment; and When an abnormality of the power supply facility is monitored, a controller that determines whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules of the first to mth chargers and dischargers included in the charging and discharging facility needs to be modified based on the power amount information of the energy storage device, and stops each charger and discharger among the first to mth chargers and dischargers associated with each operation schedule determined to need modification; A system operating device, including m, which is a natural number greater than or equal to 2.

2. In paragraph 1, The above controller, A system operation device that compares the amount of power scheduled to be supplied to the charging / discharging facility with the amount of power that can be discharged from the energy storage device, and determines whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified.

3. In paragraph 2, The above controller, A system operating device that determines that at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified when the above-mentioned power supply schedule exceeds the above-mentioned dischargeable power amount.

4. In paragraph 2, The above controller, A system operating device that determines the amount of power to be supplied based on the difference between the current value and the maximum value of the total power of the above charging and discharging equipment.

5. In paragraph 3, The above controller, Among the first to m chargers, the i to j remaining charge power amounts of the i to j chargers operating in charging mode are determined, Among the i to j operation schedules, the a to j operation schedules are determined as targets for modification, wherein (i) the sum of the a to j remaining charge power amounts among the i to j remaining charge power amounts is greater than or equal to the dischargeable charge power amount, and (ii) the sum of the (a+1) to j remaining charge power amounts is less than the dischargeable charge power amount. A system operating device where i is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, j is a natural number greater than i and less than or equal to m, and a is a natural number greater than or equal to i and less than or equal to j.

6. In paragraph 1, The above controller, A system operation method, wherein the amount of power to be recovered by the charging / discharging equipment is compared with the amount of power that can be charged by the energy storage device, and at least one of the first to mth operation schedules is determined to require modification.

7. In paragraph 6, The above controller, A system operating device that determines that at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified when the amount of power scheduled to be recovered exceeds the amount of power that can be charged.

8. In paragraph 6, The above controller, A system operating device that determines the amount of power to be recovered based on the difference between the current value and the minimum value of the total power of the above charging and discharging equipment.

9. In paragraph 7, The above controller, Among the first to m chargers and dischargers, the kth to lth remaining discharge power of the kth to lth chargers and dischargers operating in discharge mode are determined, Among the k to l operation schedules, the b to l operation schedules are determined as targets for modification, wherein (i) the sum of the b to l remaining discharge power amounts among the k to l remaining charge power amounts is greater than or equal to the chargeable power amount, and (ii) the sum of the (b+1) to l remaining discharge power amounts is less than the chargeable power amount. A system operating device where k is a natural number greater than or equal to 1, l is a natural number greater than k and less than or equal to m, and b is a natural number greater than or equal to k and less than or equal to l.

10. A battery activation system comprising a system operating device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A method for operating a system for a battery activation system including a power supply facility, a charging / discharging facility, and an energy storage device, A step of monitoring the status of the above power supply facility; When an abnormality of the power supply facility is monitored, a step of determining whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified based on the first to mth operation schedules of the first to mth chargers and dischargers included in the charging and discharging facility and the power amount information of the energy storage device; and A step of stopping each of the first to mth chargers associated with each operation schedule determined to require modification; A method of operating a system, including m being a natural number greater than or equal to 2.

12. In paragraph 11, The step of determining whether at least one of the first to m operation schedules requires modification is: A system operation method, wherein the amount of power scheduled to be supplied to the charging / discharging facility is compared with the amount of power that can be discharged from the energy storage device, and whether at least one of the first to mth operation schedules needs to be modified.

13. In paragraph 12, The step of determining whether at least one of the first to m operation schedules requires modification is: A system operation method, wherein, if the amount of power to be supplied exceeds the amount of power that can be discharged, it is determined that at least one of the first to mth operation schedules requires modification.

14. In paragraph 11, The step of determining whether at least one of the first to m operation schedules requires modification is: A system operation method, wherein the amount of power to be recovered by the charging / discharging equipment is compared with the amount of power that can be charged by the energy storage device, and at least one of the first to mth operation schedules is determined to require modification.

15. In paragraph 14, The step of determining whether at least one of the first to m operation schedules requires modification is: A system operation method, wherein, if the amount of power to be recovered exceeds the amount of power that can be charged, it is determined that at least one of the first to mth operation schedules requires modification.

Images