Ultrahigh-resolution display screen based on ordered porous material framework confined pixels, and manufacturing method therefor

Abstract

Provided in the present invention are an ultrahigh-resolution display screen based on ordered porous material framework confined pixels, and a manufacturing method therefor. A pixel framework of the display screen is made of an ordered porous material grown on a substrate, and side walls of the pixel framework are made of a high-reflectivity or high-absorptance material. The ultrahigh-resolution display screen may be of a photoluminescent type or an electroluminescent type. If the ultrahigh-resolution display screen is of the electroluminescent type, an individual multi-primary-color light source, which matches the pore size or is smaller than the pore size, is placed or grown at the bottom of each ordered porous material pore channel, so that each individual light source is a display pixel or subpixel of the ultrahigh-resolution display screen. The pixel uses the ordered porous material as a framework, and the top of the framework is encapsulated by means of a sealing material, thereby forming an electroluminescent structure. If the ultrahigh-resolution display screen is of the photoluminescent type, an individual light source placed or grown at the bottom of each pore channel can be used as an excitation light source, a fluorescent material color conversion layer is embedded in the light emission direction of the individual light source in the pore channel, and finally an encapsulation layer is applied as a top cover, thereby forming a photoluminescent structure.

Description

An ultra-high-resolution display screen based on ordered porous material framework with confined pixels and its manufacturing method Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of optoelectronic display technology, and in particular relates to an ultra-high-resolution display screen based on ordered porous material framework confined pixels and a manufacturing method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, rapid technological advancements and rising market demand have driven the development of near-eye displays, AR / VR, and wearable devices. This has also made miniaturization and ultra-high-resolution displays a pressing technological goal. However, achieving ultra-high-resolution displays primarily requires full color. Compared to the technically challenging mass transfer technology, solutions using monochrome Micro-LEDs as the single light source and quantum dots as the color conversion layer offer higher yields and potential for mass production.

[0003] Quantum dots (QDs), a popular nanocrystal material, have become a hot new star in the display field due to their tunable emission wavelength, high luminous efficiency, excellent color conversion performance, and unique quantum confinement effect. Despite their numerous advantages, QDs still face challenges in replacing traditional fluorescent materials, such as their environmental stability.

[0004] Ordered porous materials are nanomaterials with unique porous structures. Based on pore size, they can be categorized as microporous (<2nm), mesoporous (2nm-50nm), and macroporous (>50nm). They possess high specific surface area and an ordered pore structure. Currently, a large body of research is exploring the potential for quantum dot protection by combining them with ordered porous materials. Due to the dense and robust structure of ordered porous materials, quantum dots embedded or crystallized within their pores are less likely to come into contact with the environment, improving their environmental stability. Furthermore, the addition of ordered porous materials improves the dispersion of quantum dots, preventing agglomeration. Technical issues

[0005] In order to overcome the defects and shortcomings of the existing technology, the purpose of the present invention is to provide an ultra-high-resolution display screen with confined pixels based on an ordered porous material framework. This display screen structure can improve the luminous efficiency of LEDs, OLEDs or QLEDs, and at the same time effectively reduce the crosstalk between pixels in the LED, OLED or QLED array, so that the display screen has a low-power, high-efficiency light source and higher-quality images. Technical Solutions

[0006] To achieve ultra-high-resolution displays, this invention expands upon the foundation of quantum dot ordered porous composite materials, proposing a structural design of an ordered porous material layer, vertically grown on a substrate and based on a high-reflectivity or high-absorbency material. This ordered porous material layer serves as the pixel layer, with each pore corresponding to a display pixel or sub-pixel. This proposed full-color, crosstalk-free display solution is suitable for photo- or electro-induced displays such as LEDs, OLEDs, or QLEDs, ranging from micrometers to picometers. This solution provides higher-density, higher-quality images for ultra-high-resolution displays such as near-eye displays and projection displays.

[0007] In the scheme of the present invention, the pixel frame of the display screen is an ordered porous material grown on a substrate, and its sidewalls are made of a high reflectivity or high absorbency material. The sidewall structure of the ordered pores can be a vertical structure, or it can be prepared into an inclined sidewall by etching or laser processing. The ultra-high resolution display screen can be divided into photoluminescence type and electroluminescence type. In the case of electroluminescence, a monomer multi-primary color light source that matches or is smaller than the aperture is placed or grown at the bottom of each ordered porous material channel, so that each monomer light source is a display pixel or sub-pixel of the ultra-high resolution display screen. The pixel uses the ordered porous material as a frame, and the top of the frame is encapsulated with a sealing material to form an electroluminescent structure. In the case of photoluminescence, the monomer light source placed or grown at the bottom of the channel can be used as the excitation light source, and a fluorescent material color conversion layer is embedded in the light emitting direction of the monomer light source in the channel, and finally covered with an encapsulation layer to form a photoluminescent structure.

[0008] If light output needs to be processed, an optical layer can be added to the encapsulation layer. If the ordered porous material frame is composed of a high-reflectivity material, the light radiated by a single light source or the light radiated after exciting the color conversion material will be emitted from the top cross-section of the ordered porous material channel. Some light beams with large output angles will be reflected multiple times by the side walls of the high-reflectivity pixel frame, and will eventually gradually aggregate and be emitted from the top cross-section, thereby improving the light output efficiency of a single pixel and preventing crosstalk. If the ordered porous material frame is composed of a high-absorption material, the light that cannot be emitted from the channel cross-section can also be absorbed by the high-absorption pixel frame side walls, avoiding crosstalk between pixels.

[0009] The present invention specifically adopts the following technical solutions:

[0010] An ultra-high-resolution display screen with confined pixels based on an ordered porous material framework uses an ordered porous material grown on a substrate as the pixel framework of the display screen, and a light source is arranged at the bottom of the channel, so that the light source separated by the ordered porous material becomes a display pixel or sub-pixel of the ultra-high-resolution display screen; and an electroluminescent structure or a photoluminescent structure is formed on this basis.

[0011] Furthermore, the substrate is provided with an isolation layer on the light source in the channel to encapsulate the top of the ordered porous material, and the contact electrode of the light source is pre-plated on the substrate at the bottom of the ordered porous material.

[0012] Furthermore, the pixel frame is an ordered porous material layer whose side walls grow perpendicularly or obliquely to the substrate. A single pixel frame is symmetrical along the central axis, and the channel direction or the channel central axis direction of the pixel frame is perpendicular to the substrate; the ordered porous material adopts high reflectivity or high absorption rate material to avoid crosstalk between pixels.

[0013] Furthermore, the light source adopts a single light source confined in the pores of the ordered porous material to achieve full-color display or controllable monochrome display, by placing or growing a single multi-primary color light source that matches or is smaller than the aperture at the bottom of each pore of the ordered porous material, so that each single light source is a display pixel or sub-pixel of the ultra-high-resolution display screen; or a whole surface light source is adopted at the bottom of the ordered porous material substrate, in which case the frame acts as an isolation pixel to achieve monochrome display of the panel.

[0014] Furthermore, when an electroluminescent structure is adopted, a single multi-primary color light source is used as the display pixel or sub-pixel of the panel; when a photoluminescent structure is adopted, the light source serves as the excitation light source of the nano-fluorescent material color conversion layer, and each primary color light is generated by the excitation light source and the nano-fluorescent material color conversion layer excited by it.

[0015] Furthermore, one or more of a diffusion plate layer, a super surface layer and a polarizer layer is provided on the isolation layer.

[0016] Based on the above design, it can be seen that the display screen provided by the present invention includes the following typical structures:

[0017] An ordered porous material frame layer, wherein the frame is an ordered porous material layer whose side walls grow perpendicularly or obliquely to the substrate. The structural feature of a single pixel frame is symmetry along the central axis, and the pore direction or the pore central axis direction of the pixel frame is perpendicular to the substrate.

[0018] A single light source placed or grown in the frame channel.

[0019] An isolation layer covering the top of the hole and other optical layers with special functions.

[0020] If it is a photoluminescent type panel, a nano fluorescent material color conversion layer needs to be prepared between the single light source and the isolation layer.

[0021] As a preferred design, you can refer to the following description:

[0022] The ordered porous material frame is an ordered porous material that is grown in an orderly vertical or oblique manner on a substrate, wherein the ordered porous material can be selected as a high reflectivity material, including but not limited to titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, silver oxide, etc., or can be selected as a high absorbance material, including but not limited to carbon black, etc. The inner diameter of the pores can be divided into ordered mesoporous materials, ordered mesoporous materials and ordered macroporous materials, and the overall inner diameter is in the range of 0.01nm-1μm, and the pores are densely arranged and orderly. The shape of the pores is not limited to circles, and can be square, triangular, diamond, etc. When the pixel frame is made of a high reflectivity material, it can well polymerize the light that cannot be emitted from the cross section at a large angle in the pore, and realize emission from the top cross section of the pore through multiple total reflections, which can greatly improve the quantum dot radiation recombination rate and improve the light extraction efficiency; when the pixel frame is made of a high absorbance material, it can absorb the light that cannot be emitted from the pore cross section and act as a black matrix. Both can avoid the crosstalk problem between adjacent pixels during display. In full-color display, the pixel arrangement may include but is not limited to standard primary color RGB, Pentile, Delta, diamond arrangement, etc. In monochrome display, the sidewall frame may act as an isolation pixel.

[0023] One or more single light sources are placed or grown in each channel of the ordered porous material framework. The size of the single light source is equal to or smaller than the channel size. The inclined sidewall channels can be used to place trapezoidal structure single light sources that match the sidewall channels, which helps to collect and collimate light. The contact electrodes of the single light sources are pre-plated on the substrate at the bottom of the ordered porous material for subsequent connection to the driving circuit. The single light sources include but are not limited to LEDs (including Mini-LED, Micro-LED and Nano-LED, etc.), OLEDs (including Mini-OLED and Micro-OLED, etc.) and QLEDs, etc.

[0024] Isolation layer materials include, but are not limited to, sealing materials such as silicone, which are used to encapsulate the top of the ordered porous material, protecting the ordered porous material structure while also improving its stability. Other functional layers with special functions include, but are not limited to, diffuser layers with uniform light, metasurface layers with light collimation, and polarizer layers with polarization properties.

[0025] The color conversion layer of nano-fluorescent material is formed on the surface of the bottom light source through in-situ growth, inkjet printing, or vapor deposition, and can fill the pores and emit light when excited by the bottom light source. Nano-fluorescent materials include but are not limited to quantum dots, organic dye molecules, and phosphors.

[0026] The bottom light source can be a single light source confined within the pores of the ordered porous material, or it can be a full-surface light source at the bottom of the ordered porous material substrate. If it is a single light source, the display panel can achieve full-color or controllable monochrome display. If it is a surface light source, the frame acts as a pixel isolation, achieving a monochrome display on the panel.

[0027] Display types can be categorized as electroluminescent (EL) or photoluminescent (PL). In the case of a PL panel, a single light source acts as the excitation light source for the color conversion layer of the nano-fluorescent material. This light source can be a wavelength source such as blue or ultraviolet. The excitation light source and the quantum dot color conversion layer it excites generate the primary colors. In the case of an EL panel, a single multi-primary light source acts as the panel's display pixel or sub-pixel.

[0028] The pixel color is determined by the single light source in the channel. The corresponding primary color light source can be prepared in the channel according to the arrangement requirements of each primary color pixel. The multi-primary color pixels can also be expanded to achieve a wider color gamut.

[0029] Furthermore, in terms of the manufacturing process, a single multi-primary light source is first placed or grown within a framework of a material with ordered pores, acting as a sub-pixel or display pixel. An isolation layer is then formed on the single light source within the pores using an encapsulation solvent, and finally bonded to the drive substrate to complete the panel. For photoluminescent panels, a color conversion layer of nano-fluorescent material is also required on the single light source. If light processing is required, an optical layer with other functions can be added to the encapsulation layer.

[0030] Prepared by the following steps:

[0031] Step 1: Provide a cleaned wafer or glass substrate, and grow an ordered porous material framework perpendicular to the substrate on the substrate surface through a template self-assembly method;

[0032] Step 2: placing or growing a light source structure sequentially from bottom to top in each channel of the ordered porous material frame substrate perpendicular to the substrate;

[0033] Step 3: Encapsulation by preparing an isolation layer;

[0034] Step 4: Bond the panel and the driver substrate to form a display screen.

[0035] Furthermore, when a photoluminescent structure is used, the process between step 2 and step 3 also includes the preparation process of a nano fluorescent material color conversion layer;

[0036] The color conversion layer material uses quantum dot material, organic dye molecules or phosphors; if quantum dot color conversion material is used, the growth in the pores is achieved through one of the ion exchange in situ growth method, room temperature supersaturated crystallization method, ultrasonic synthesis method, anhydrous toluene assisted method, and hot injection method, and based on the confinement effect of the ordered porous material, the quantum dot particle size growth is controllable, and the quantum dots fill the pores of the ordered porous material; or quantum dots with pore diameters matching the ordered porous material are prepared in advance, and the quantum dots are assembled into the pores of the corresponding ordered porous material by wet mixing, evaporation or PDMS template transfer.

[0037] Furthermore, in step 1, the shape of the channel, the inner diameter of the channel, and the inclination of the channel sidewall are adjusted by one of ICP etching, laser beam etching, electron beam exposure, and ion beam exposure methods;

[0038] In step 2, the light source adopts the placement or growth method of a monomer light source. If the scheme of first preparing the monomer light source and then placing it in the ordered porous material frame is adopted, the monomer light source peeled off from the external substrate is moved into the ordered porous material frame through the fluid self-assembly or mass transfer technology of transfer; if the scheme of growing directly in the ordered porous material frame is adopted, the monomer light source functional layer is grown layer by layer by MOCVD, and the ordered porous material frame plays an isolation role.

[0039] Furthermore, when preparing a photoluminescent type panel, the pixel sizes of different colors are the same, or the pixel sizes are differentially adjusted by changing the inner diameter of the pores; when the inner diameters of the pores are the same, the nano-fluorescent materials of each primary color are filled into the pores of the ordered porous material by inkjet printing technology. Due to the confining effect of the ordered porous material framework, under the conditions of equal filling height and equal light-emitting area size, the luminous intensity of the luminescent pixels of different colors is balanced by controlling the concentration of the nano-color conversion materials of each primary color; when the inner diameter of the pores needs to be adjusted, the pores are etched to change the pore shape, and the pores are used to confine the growth of the color conversion layer. The luminescent color is controlled by controlling the particle size or the color of the color conversion layer is changed by changing the halogen element; or the prepared color conversion material is filled into the pores by wet mixing. Since the particle sizes of the nano-fluorescent materials of different colors are different, the matching inner diameters of the pores are also different. Therefore, a single-color wet filling method is used in sequence according to the order of the luminescent colors to fill the pores from large to small.

[0040] When preparing a full-color electroluminescent panel, the prepared multi-primary color LED or QLED monomer is sequentially positioned and attached, embossed and transferred, and cured by PDMS transfer, and the transfer is repeated to achieve full-color pixel arrangement of the monomer light source in the channel, or an ordered porous material isolation layer is grown between the ITO anode and transparent cathode electrode of the OLED, an ITO electrode layer is sputtered on the substrate, the ITO is etched and filled with isolation columns, an ordered porous material frame is grown, nano-fluorescent material is filled, a transparent cathode electrode layer is grown, the transparent electrode is etched and filled with a cathode isolation layer, and encapsulation is performed; wherein the nano-fluorescent material is placed in the channel of the ordered porous material by inkjet printing or evaporation technology, and the full-color pixel arrangement of the panel is achieved by changing the nano-fluorescent material in the channel;

[0041] For the luminescence regulation of single light sources, the overall luminescence intensity and color balance can be regulated by regulating the excitation current of each color single light source, or by etching the channel to form a channel structure with different inner diameters to change the size of the display pixel to achieve luminescence regulation.

[0042] Furthermore, other functional layers include but are not limited to preparing a diffusion plate layer with approximately uniform scattering properties through coating, texture design and processing steps, preparing a super surface layer with light collimation function through electron beam evaporation, chemical plating, magnetron sputtering and other processing methods, and preparing a polarizer layer with filtering function through chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, hot pressing, stretching and other processes. Beneficial effects

[0043] Compared with the existing technology, the present invention and its preferred embodiment provide an ultra-high-resolution display screen structure based on confined pixels in an ordered porous material framework, which provides a solution for full-color, crosstalk-free display of light-emitting devices such as LEDs, OLEDs or QLEDs at the micron to picometer level, and can provide higher-density, higher-quality images for ultra-high-resolution displays such as near-eye displays and projection displays. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0044] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments:

[0045] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an ultra-high-resolution display screen based on confined pixels in an ordered porous material framework according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0046] FIG2 is a top-view RGB pixel distribution diagram of an ultra-high-resolution display screen based on confined pixels in an ordered porous material framework according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0047] FIG3 is a cross-sectional view of a vertical growth structure of an ultra-high-resolution display screen based on a confined pixel structure of an ordered porous material framework according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0048] FIG4 is a structural diagram of an LED or OLED light source adapted to a tilted ordered porous material sidewall structure in an ultra-high-resolution display screen based on an ordered porous material frame-confined pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0049] FIG5 is a structural diagram of an LED or OLED light source adapted to a vertical ordered porous material sidewall structure of an ultra-high-resolution display screen based on an ordered porous material frame-confined pixel according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0050] FIG6 is a cross-sectional view of an inclined growth structure of an ultra-high-resolution display screen based on a confined pixel structure of an ordered porous material framework according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0051] FIG7 is a schematic diagram of fluid self-assembly of a light source of an ultra-high-resolution display screen with confined pixels based on an ordered porous material framework according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0052] FIG8 is a process flow diagram of an OLED structure type panel for preparing an ultra-high resolution display screen with confined pixels based on an ordered porous material framework according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0053] In FIG1 , 101 is a substrate; 102 is an ordered porous material layer; 103 is an isolation layer; 104 is other special functional layers;

[0054] In FIG2 , 201 is an ordered porous material frame; 202 is an R sub-pixel light-emitting point; 203 is a G sub-pixel light-emitting point; 204 is a B sub-pixel light-emitting point;

[0055] In Figure 3, 301 is the RGB output light after color conversion from the pores of the ordered porous material; 302 is the special functional layer grown on the isolation layer; 303 is the isolation layer spin-coated on the top of the ordered porous material; 304 is the color conversion layer of the nano-fluorescent material grown embedded in the pores of the ordered porous material; 305 is the pore sidewall of the ordered porous material layer grown on the substrate; 306 is the single light source placed or grown at the bottom of the pore; 307 is the cathode contact point plated on the substrate in the pores of the ordered porous material; 308 is the anode contact point plated on the substrate in the pores of the ordered porous material; 309 is the substrate;

[0056] In FIG4 , 401 is a sapphire glass layer; 402 is a silicon dioxide encapsulation layer; 403 is an electron transport layer; 404 is a multi-quantum well layer; 405 is a hole transport layer; 406 is a transparent electrode layer; 407 is an anode contact electrode; and 408 is a cathode contact electrode.

[0057] In FIG5 , 501 is a sapphire glass layer; 502 is a silicon dioxide encapsulation layer; 503 is an electron transport layer; 504 is a multi-quantum well layer; 505 is a hole transport layer; 506 is a transparent electrode layer; 507 is an anode contact electrode; and 508 is a cathode contact electrode.

[0058] In Figure 6, 601 is the RGB output light after color conversion from the pores of the ordered porous material; 602 is the special functional layer grown on the isolation layer; 603 is the isolation layer spin-coated on the top of the ordered porous material; 604 is the color conversion layer of nano fluorescent material grown embedded in the pores of the ordered porous material; 605 is the pore wall of the ordered porous material with high reflectivity grown in a trumpet shape at an angle to the substrate; 606 is a single light source placed or grown at the bottom of the pore; 607 is the cathode contact point plated on the substrate in the pores of the ordered porous material; 608 is the anode contact point plated on the substrate in the pores of the ordered porous material; 609 is the substrate. Modes for Carrying Out the Invention

[0059] To make the features and advantages of this patent more clearly understood, the following embodiments are specifically described in detail as follows:

[0060] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and are intended to provide further explanation of the present application. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present application belongs.

[0061] It should be noted that the terms used herein are only for describing specific embodiments and are not intended to limit the exemplary embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular form is intended to include the plural form.

[0062] The embodiment of the present invention provides an ultra-high-resolution display screen with confined pixels based on an ordered porous material frame. This display screen structure can improve the luminous efficiency of LEDs, OLEDs, or QLEDs, and at the same time effectively reduce the crosstalk between pixels in the LED, OLED, or QLED array, so that the display screen has a low-power, high-efficiency light source and a higher-quality image. The display screen frame is an ordered porous material layer with side walls grown perpendicular or oblique to the substrate. The structural characteristics of a single pixel frame are symmetry along the central axis, and the channel direction or the channel central axis direction of the pixel frame is perpendicular to the substrate. If the display screen is an electroluminescent type panel, it first places or grows a monomer multi-primary color light source in the frame with the ordered porous material, making it a sub-pixel or display pixel, and then uses an encapsulation solvent to prepare an isolation layer on the monomer light source in the channel, and finally bonds to the drive substrate to realize panel preparation. If it is a photoluminescent type panel, it is necessary to prepare a nano-fluorescent material color conversion layer on the monomer light source. If the light output needs to be processed, an optical layer can be added to the encapsulation layer.

[0063] Among them, the ordered porous material frame is an ordered porous material that is orderly grown vertically or obliquely on the substrate. Among them, the ordered porous material can be selected as a high reflectivity material, including but not limited to titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, silver oxide, etc., or can be selected as a high absorbance material, including but not limited to carbon black, etc. The inner diameter of its pores can be divided into ordered mesoporous materials, ordered mesoporous materials and ordered macroporous materials. Its overall inner diameter is in the range of 0.01nm-1μm, and the pores are densely arranged and orderly. The shape of the pores is not limited to circles, and can be square, triangular, diamond, etc. When the pixel frame is made of a high reflectivity material, it can well polymerize the light that cannot be emitted from the cross section at a large angle in the pore, and realize emission from the top cross section of the pore through multiple total reflections, which can greatly improve the quantum dot radiation recombination rate and improve the light extraction efficiency; when the pixel frame is made of a high absorbance material, it can absorb the light that cannot be emitted from the pore cross section and act as a black matrix. Both can avoid the crosstalk problem between adjacent pixels during display. In full-color display, the pixel arrangement may include but is not limited to standard primary color RGB, Pentile, Delta, diamond arrangement, etc. In monochrome display, the sidewall frame may act as an isolation pixel.

[0064] One or more single light sources are placed or grown in each channel of the ordered porous material framework. The size of the single light source is equal to or smaller than the channel size. The inclined sidewall channels can be used to place trapezoidal structure single light sources that match the sidewall channels, which helps to collect and collimate light. The contact electrodes of the single light sources are pre-plated on the substrate at the bottom of the ordered porous material for subsequent connection to the driving circuit. The single light sources include but are not limited to LEDs (including Mini-LED, Micro-LED and Nano-LED, etc.), OLEDs (including Mini-OLED and Micro-OLED, etc.) and QLEDs, etc.

[0065] Isolation layer materials include, but are not limited to, sealing materials such as silicone, which are used to encapsulate the top of the ordered porous material, protecting the ordered porous material structure while also improving its stability. Other functional layers with special functions include, but are not limited to, diffuser layers with uniform light, metasurface layers with light collimation, and polarizer layers with polarization properties.

[0066] The color conversion layer of nano-fluorescent material is formed on the surface of the bottom light source through in-situ growth, inkjet printing, or vapor deposition, and can fill the pores and emit light when excited by the bottom light source. Nano-fluorescent materials include but are not limited to quantum dots, organic dye molecules, and phosphors.

[0067] The bottom light source can be a single light source confined within the pores of the ordered porous material, or it can be a full-surface light source at the bottom of the ordered porous material substrate. If it is a single light source, the display panel can achieve full-color or controllable monochrome display. If it is a surface light source, the frame acts as a pixel isolation, achieving a monochrome display on the panel.

[0068] Ultra-high-resolution display screens can be divided into electroluminescent panels and photoluminescent panels. In the case of a photoluminescent panel, a single light source acts as an excitation light source for the color conversion layer of the nano-fluorescent material. It can be a light source with a wavelength such as blue light or ultraviolet light. The excitation light source and the quantum dot color conversion layer it excites generate each primary color light. For electroluminescent panels, a single multi-primary light source acts as the display pixel or sub-pixel of the panel. The pixel color is determined by the single light source in the channel. The corresponding primary color light source can be prepared in the channel according to the arrangement requirements of each primary color pixel, and the multi-primary color pixels can also be expanded to achieve a wider color gamut.

[0069] In the method for manufacturing an ordered porous material framework for ultra-high-resolution displays, if adjustments are needed to the pore shape, inner diameter, or sidewall inclination, the grown base structure can be processed using, but not limited to, ICP etching, laser beam etching, electron beam lithography, and ion beam lithography. For example, if an inverted trapezoidal pore structure is desired, the ordered porous material initially grown perpendicular to the substrate is etched through etching techniques to create a structure with a larger top and smaller bottom, or a smaller top and larger bottom. The centers of the upper and lower outlet cross-sections can be aligned and perpendicular to the substrate.

[0070] The manufacturing method for single light sources for ultra-high-resolution displays involves first preparing the single light source and then placing it within an ordered porous material framework. Mass transfer technologies such as fluid self-assembly and transfer printing can be used to transfer the single light source peeled from the external substrate into the ordered porous material framework. If direct growth within the ordered porous material framework is adopted, the functional layers of the single light source can be grown layer by layer using techniques such as MOCVD, with the ordered porous material framework acting as an isolation layer.

[0071] A method for fabricating a color conversion layer for an ultra-high-resolution display screen. The color conversion layer materials may include, but are not limited to, quantum dot materials, organic dye molecules, and phosphors. For quantum dot color conversion materials, the quantum dot materials can be grown within pores using methods such as, but not limited to, ion exchange in-situ growth, room temperature supersaturated crystallization, ultrasonic synthesis, anhydrous toluene-assisted crystallization, and hot injection. Due to the confinement of the ordered porous material, the quantum dot particle size growth is controllable, and the resulting quantum dots fill the pores of the ordered porous material. Quantum dots with a pore size matching that of the ordered porous material can also be prepared in advance and assembled into the pores of the corresponding ordered porous material by wet mixing, vapor deposition, or PDMS template transfer. The quantum dots include, but are not limited to, perovskite quantum dots, cadmium selenide quantum dots, and carbon quantum dots.

[0072] The manufacturing methods of other functional layers of ultra-high-resolution display screens include but are not limited to preparing a diffusion plate layer with approximately uniform scattering properties through coating, texture design and processing steps, preparing a super surface layer with light collimation function through processing methods such as electron beam evaporation, chemical plating, magnetron sputtering, etc., and preparing a polarizer layer with filtering effect through processes such as chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, hot pressing, and stretching.

[0073] The method of achieving full color of ultra-high-resolution display screens is that if it is a photoluminescent type panel, the pixel sizes of different colors can be the same, or the pixel sizes can be adjusted differently by changing the inner diameter of the channel. When the inner diameters of the pores are the same, each primary color nano-fluorescent material can be filled into the pores of the ordered porous material using inkjet printing technology. Due to the confinement effect of the ordered porous material framework, under the conditions of equal filling height and equal light-emitting area size, the luminous intensity of the different color luminescent pixels can be balanced by controlling the concentration of each primary color nano-color conversion material, thereby achieving control of the overall color balance. When the inner diameter of the pores needs to be adjusted, the pores need to be etched (such as ICP etching technology) to change the pore shape. The pores are then used to confine the growth of the color conversion layer. The luminescent color can be controlled by controlling the particle size or by changing the halogen element to change the color of the color conversion layer. Alternatively, the prepared color conversion material can be filled into the pores by wet mixing. Since the particle size of the nano-fluorescent materials of different colors is different, the matching pore inner diameters are also different. Therefore, a single-color sequential wet filling method can be used according to the order of luminescent color to achieve sequential filling of the pores from small to large. The color conversion layer preparation method includes but is not limited to the above method. If a full-color electroluminescent pixel solution is to be prepared, the prepared multi-primary color LED or QLED monomer can be positioned and attached, printed and transferred, cured and processed in sequence by PDMS transfer, and the transfer can be repeated to achieve full-color pixel arrangement of the monomer light source within the channel. Alternatively, an ordered porous material isolation layer can be grown between the ITO anode and transparent cathode electrode of the OLED. The steps include but are not limited to sputtering the ITO electrode layer on the substrate, etching the ITO and filling the isolation column, growing the ordered porous material framework, filling the nano-fluorescent material, growing the transparent cathode electrode layer, etching the transparent electrode and filling the cathode isolation layer, and encapsulating. The nano-fluorescent material can be placed in the pores of the ordered porous material by inkjet printing or evaporation technology, and the full-color pixel arrangement of the panel can be achieved by changing the nano-fluorescent material in the pores. For the luminescence control of the monomer light source, the overall luminous intensity and color balance can be controlled by adjusting the excitation current of each color monomer light source. Alternatively, the pores can be etched to form a pore structure with different inner diameters, and the size of the display pixel can be changed to achieve luminescence control.

[0074] The following is a further description and introduction of the present invention through two specific implementation cases: Example 1

[0075] The display screen structure provided in this embodiment is shown in FIG1 , and includes a substrate 101, an ordered porous material layer 102, an isolation layer 103, and other special functional layers 104. Specifically, the ordered porous material layer 102 is grown on the upper surface of the substrate 101, the isolation layer 103 is spin-coated on top of the ordered porous material layer 102, and the other special functional layers 104 are grown on top of the isolation layer 103.

[0076] The present invention proposes to use an ordered porous material as the pixel frame of the ultra-high-resolution display screen, and each channel is a display pixel or sub-pixel. As shown in Figure 2, it is a top-view RGB pixel distribution diagram of an ultra-high-resolution display screen based on confined pixels of an ordered porous material frame according to the present invention, where 201 is the ordered porous material frame, 202 is the R sub-pixel light-emitting point, 203 is the G sub-pixel light-emitting point, and 204 is the B sub-pixel light-emitting point.

[0077] Specifically, the ordered porous material layer 102 can be selected from high-reflectivity materials, including but not limited to titanium dioxide, aluminum oxide, silver oxide, etc., or high-absorbency materials, including but not limited to carbon black, etc. The inner diameter of the pores can be divided into ordered mesoporous materials, ordered mesoporous materials, and ordered macroporous materials. The overall inner diameter is in the range of 0.01nm-1μm, and the pores are densely arranged and ordered. The pore shape is not limited to circular, and can be square, triangular, diamond, etc. When the pixel frame is made of a high-reflectivity material, it can effectively aggregate light that cannot be emitted from the cross section at a large angle in the pore, and emit it from the top cross section of the pore through multiple total reflections, which can greatly improve the quantum dot radiation recombination rate and improve the light extraction efficiency; when the pixel frame is made of a high-absorbency material, it can absorb light that cannot be emitted from the pore cross section and act as a black matrix. Both can avoid crosstalk problems between adjacent pixels during display. In full-color display, the pixel arrangement can be formed into arrangements including but not limited to standard primary colors RGB, Pentile, Delta, diamond arrangement, etc. In a monochrome display, the sidewall frame can act as an isolation pixel. The method for making the ordered porous material frame layer includes but is not limited to the following methods:

[0078] Method 1

[0079] (1) Mix decane, CTAB, and ethanol in a container as a template solution.

[0080] (2) Take a beaker, add ethanol, add tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) into it, and then add the "tetrabutyl titanate-anhydrous ethanol solution" dropwise into a container bottle mixed with dilute hydrochloric acid (PH = 4~5) and deionized water to hydrolyze it. Stir for 2 hours and take out the milky white liquid, which is the titanium source solution.

[0081] (3) Add titanium source solution to the ammonia solution, stir at a constant temperature (50 degrees Celsius) overnight, and repeatedly wash the glass piece with the ordered porous material with nitrogen and deionized water to remove the residual solvent.

[0082] (4) Place the glass sheet in a muffle furnace and heat it to 300°C at 5°C / min for 1 hour, keep it warm for 2 hours, then heat it to 600°C at 5°C / min for 1 hour, keep it warm for 2 hours, remove the template and shape the titanium dioxide, and finally obtain a substrate with ordered porous material with vertical base growth.

[0083] Method 2

[0084] (1) Mix CTAB, ethanol, and hydrochloric acid in a container and stir for 30 minutes to allow the CTAB to fully dissolve.

[0085] (2) Tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) was added dropwise to the solution in (1), followed by a small amount of water, and dried for 24 h.

[0086] (3) Take the above gel, add it to ethanol, stir vigorously, add ammonia solution and decane, and heat it at 50 degrees Celsius.

[0087] After stirring for 30 minutes, the glass substrate was added to the template solution and stirred for more than 6 hours.

[0088] (4) The glass sheet obtained in step (4) is repeatedly washed with nitrogen and deionized water to remove the residual solvent.

[0089] (5) Place the cleaned glass slide in a dilute hydrochloric acid-ethanol solution and extract the organic matter in the pores multiple times.

[0090] If it is necessary to prepare an ordered porous material layer with an inclined sidewall structure, the prepared ordered porous material substrate with a vertical structure is etched into an inclined structure using an ICP etching method.

[0091] Specifically, as shown in Figure 3, a cross-sectional view of a photoluminescent display screen is shown, where 301 is the RGB output light after color conversion from the ordered porous material channel; 302 is a special functional layer grown on the isolation layer; 303 is an isolation layer spin-coated on top of the ordered porous material; 304 is a color conversion layer of a nano-fluorescent material grown embedded in the ordered porous material channel; 305 is the channel sidewall of the ordered porous material layer grown on the substrate; 306 is a single light source placed or grown at the bottom of the channel; 307 is a cathode contact point plated on the substrate in the ordered porous material channel; 308 is an anode contact point plated on the substrate in the ordered porous material channel; and 309 is the substrate. The method for making the color conversion layer of the nano-fluorescent material in the channel includes, but is not limited to, the following methods:

[0092] Method 1

[0093] (1) Add cesium carbonate, octadecene and oleic acid into a 50 ml three-necked flask and introduce nitrogen for 15 minutes (to remove

[0094] Except for other gases in the bottle), stir and heat to the solvent temperature of 120 degrees Celsius and maintain for 1 hour, then heat to 150 degrees Celsius, wait until the cesium carbonate is completely dissolved, and then cool to room temperature as a cesium oleate precursor.

[0095] (2) Add lead bromide, octadecene, and ordered porous material substrate into a 50 ml three-necked flask and heat at 80 degrees Celsius.

[0096] Stir under nitrogen for 1 hour, then raise the temperature to 120 degrees Celsius and add oleic acid and oleylamine. After the lead bromide is completely dissolved, raise the temperature to 150 degrees Celsius and quickly inject the preheated cesium oleate precursor.

[0097] (3) After 10 seconds of reaction, cool in an ice bath, remove the ordered porous material substrate, and remove the quantum dots attached to the outside of the pores.

[0098] Method 2

[0099] (1) Cesium bromide and lead bromide are dissolved in DMF to obtain a perovskite precursor.

[0100] (2) Spin-coat the perovskite precursor solution onto the ordered porous material substrate.

[0101] (3) Toluene is added dropwise onto the ordered porous material substrate coated with the perovskite precursor to cause supersaturated crystallization of the perovskite.

[0102] (4) Remove the quantum dots attached outside the hole.

[0103] Specifically, to achieve better sidewall reflectivity, the grown base structure can be processed using, but not limited to, ICP etching, laser beam etching, electron beam lithography, and ion beam lithography. For example, if an inverted trapezoidal channel structure is desired, the initially ordered porous material grown perpendicular to the substrate can be etched away using etching techniques to create a structure with a larger top and smaller bottom, or smaller top and larger bottom, with the centers of the upper and lower outlet cross-sections aligned and perpendicular to the substrate. The schematic diagram is shown in Figure 6 , which includes 601, the RGB output light after color conversion from the ordered porous material channels; 602, the special functional layer grown on the isolation layer; 603, the isolation layer spin-coated on top of the ordered porous material; 604, the color conversion layer of the nano-fluorescent material grown embedded in the ordered porous material channels; 605, the trumpet-shaped, high-reflectivity ordered porous material channel wall grown obliquely to the substrate; 606, the single light source placed or grown at the bottom of the channel; 607, the cathode contact point plated on the substrate within the ordered porous material channel; 608, the anode contact point plated on the substrate within the ordered porous material channel; and 609, the substrate. This differs from Figure 3 in that 605, the trumpet-shaped, high-reflectivity ordered porous material channel wall grown obliquely to the substrate.

[0104] Specifically, the bottom monomer light source of the photoluminescent type display screen matches the channel morphology and can be placed inside the channel by growth or fluid assembly. If the bottom monomer light source is prepared by a self-growth method, its vertical channel light source structure is shown in FIG5 , and the inclined sidewall structure light source is shown in FIG4 , wherein the structural layers of the vertical channel monomer light source can be divided into a sapphire glass layer 501 (401), a silicon dioxide encapsulation layer 502 (402), an electron transport layer 503 (403), a multi-quantum well layer 504 (404), a hole transport layer 505 (405), a transparent electrode layer 506 (406), an anode contact electrode 507 (407), and a cathode contact electrode 508 (408).

[0105] Specifically, the growth method of the single light source includes but is not limited to the following methods:

[0106] Method 1: Preparation of LED monomer

[0107] (1) The epitaxial layers are grown layer by layer on the sapphire substrate using the MOCVD process.

[0108] (2) Deposit a silicon dioxide protective layer using electron beam evaporation.

[0109] (3) Use ICP method to etch the opening.

[0110] (4) Electrodes are produced by evaporation technology.

[0111] Method 2: Use evaporation to grow OLED monomers.

[0112] In addition, if the fluid self-assembly method is used to place the finished monomer light source that matches the channel, it can be as shown in FIG7 .

[0113] Specifically, the isolation layer materials include, but are not limited to, sealing materials such as silicone, which are used to encapsulate the top of the ordered porous material, protecting the ordered porous material structure while improving its stability. Other functional layers with special functions include, but are not limited to, diffuser layers with uniform light, metasurface layers with light collimation, and polarizer layers with polarization properties.

[0114] Specifically, the manufacturing method of other functional layers of ultra-high-resolution display screens includes but is not limited to preparing a diffusion plate layer with approximately uniform scattering properties through coating, texture design and processing steps, preparing a super surface layer with light collimation function through electron beam evaporation, chemical plating, magnetron sputtering and other processing methods, and preparing a polarizer layer with filtering effect through chemical vapor deposition, physical vapor deposition, hot pressing, stretching and other processes. Example 2

[0115] FIG8 is a flow chart showing the preparation of an electroluminescent OLED structure type display panel based on an ultra-high-resolution display screen with confined pixels using an ordered porous material framework according to the present invention. The method for preparing the ordered porous material framework layer and the nano-fluorescent material layer is the same as that in Example 1. The method includes the steps of sputtering an ITO layer, etching ITO, growing ITO spacers, sputtering a transparent cathode layer, growing an ordered porous material framework layer, filling the nano-fluorescent material, sputtering a transparent cathode layer, etching the transparent cathode layer, growing a cathode spacer layer, and packaging.

[0116] It is worth noting that in full-color display, RGB pixels are divided into two categories: electroluminescent and photoluminescent. Among them, photoluminescent type pixels are B pixels that excite quantum dots. The two types of RGB pixels can be, but are not limited to, arranged in a standard manner, that is, each pixel on the screen is composed of three closely adjacent RGB sub-pixels. After software simulation, the display screen of the above embodiment has a more uniform light spot than the traditional LED or OLED light-emitting array, the pixel density per unit area is greatly improved, the color difference is significantly improved, and the crosstalk between pixels is well avoided. The ultra-high-resolution display screen of this embodiment can promote the development of miniaturization, high imaging quality, and high-resolution display screen technology.

[0117] This patent is not limited to the above-mentioned optimal implementation mode. Anyone can derive various other forms of ultra-high-resolution display screens and their manufacturing methods based on ordered porous material framework confined pixels under the inspiration of this patent. All equal changes and modifications made according to the scope of the patent application of this invention should be covered by this patent.

Claims

1. An ultra-high-resolution display screen based on a confined pixel structure within an ordered porous material framework, characterized by: An ordered porous material grown on a substrate is used as the pixel frame of the display screen, and a light source is set at the bottom of the channel, so that the light source separated by the ordered porous material becomes a display pixel or sub-pixel of the ultra-high-resolution display screen; and an electroluminescent structure or a photoluminescent structure is formed on this basis.

2. The ultra-high-resolution display screen based on a confined pixel structure of an ordered porous material framework according to claim 1, characterized in that: The substrate is provided with an isolation layer on the light source in the channel to encapsulate the top of the ordered porous material, and the contact electrode of the light source is pre-plated on the substrate at the bottom of the ordered porous material.

3. The ultra-high-resolution display screen based on a confined pixel structure of an ordered porous material framework according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pixel frame is an ordered porous material layer with side walls perpendicular or inclined to the substrate. A single pixel frame is symmetrical along the central axis, and the channel direction or the channel central axis direction of the pixel frame is perpendicular to the substrate. The ordered porous material uses a high reflectivity or high absorption rate material to avoid crosstalk between pixels.

4. The ultra-high-resolution display screen based on a confined pixel structure of an ordered porous material framework according to claim 1, characterized in that: The light source uses a single light source confined within the pores of an ordered porous material to achieve full-color display or controllable monochrome display. By placing or growing a single multi-primary color light source that matches or is smaller than the aperture at the bottom of each pore of the ordered porous material, each single light source becomes a display pixel or sub-pixel of an ultra-high-resolution display screen; or a whole surface light source is used at the bottom of the ordered porous material substrate, in which case the frame acts as an isolation pixel to achieve monochrome display of the panel.

5. The ultra-high-resolution display screen based on a confined pixel structure of an ordered porous material framework according to claim 4, characterized in that: When an electroluminescent structure is adopted, a single multi-primary color light source is used as the display pixel or sub-pixel of the panel. When a photoluminescent structure is adopted, the light source serves as the excitation light source of the nano-fluorescent material color conversion layer, and each primary color light is generated by the excitation light source and the nano-fluorescent material color conversion layer excited by it.

6. The ultra-high-resolution display screen based on a confined pixel structure of an ordered porous material framework according to claim 2, characterized in that: One or more of a diffusion plate layer, a super surface layer and a polarizer layer is arranged on the isolation layer.

7. The method for manufacturing an ultra-high-resolution display screen with confined pixels based on an ordered porous material framework according to claim 1, characterized in that: When an electroluminescent structure is used, it is prepared by the following steps: Step 1: Provide a cleaned wafer or glass substrate, and grow an ordered porous material framework perpendicular to the substrate on the substrate surface through a template self-assembly method; Step 2: placing or growing a light source structure sequentially from bottom to top in each channel of the ordered porous material frame substrate perpendicular to the substrate; Step 3: Encapsulation by preparing an isolation layer; Step 4: Bond the panel and the driver substrate to form a display screen.

8. The method for manufacturing an ultra-high-resolution display screen with confined pixels based on an ordered porous material framework according to claim 7, characterized in that: When a photoluminescent structure is used, the process between step 2 and step 3 also includes the preparation process of the nano fluorescent material color conversion layer; The color conversion layer material uses quantum dot material, organic dye molecules or phosphors; if quantum dot color conversion material is used, the growth in the pores is achieved through one of the ion exchange in situ growth method, room temperature supersaturated crystallization method, ultrasonic synthesis method, anhydrous toluene assisted method, and hot injection method, and based on the confinement effect of the ordered porous material, the quantum dot particle size growth is controllable, and the quantum dots fill the pores of the ordered porous material; or quantum dots with pore diameters matching the ordered porous material are prepared in advance, and the quantum dots are assembled into the pores of the corresponding ordered porous material by wet mixing, evaporation or PDMS template transfer.

9. The method for manufacturing an ultra-high-resolution display screen with confined pixels based on an ordered porous material framework according to claim 7, characterized in that: In step 1, the shape, inner diameter and sidewall inclination of the channel are adjusted by one of ICP etching, laser beam etching, electron beam exposure and ion beam exposure methods; In step 2, the light source adopts the placement or growth method of a monomer light source. If the scheme of first preparing the monomer light source and then placing it in the ordered porous material frame is adopted, the monomer light source peeled off from the external substrate is moved into the ordered porous material frame through the fluid self-assembly or mass transfer technology of transfer; if the scheme of growing directly in the ordered porous material frame is adopted, the monomer light source functional layer is grown layer by layer by MOCVD, and the ordered porous material frame plays an isolation role.

10. The method for manufacturing an ultra-high-resolution display screen based on a confined pixel structure of an ordered porous material framework according to claim 7, characterized in that: When preparing a photoluminescent panel, the pixel sizes of different colors are the same, or the pixel sizes can be adjusted differently by changing the inner diameter of the pores. When the inner diameters of the pores are the same, the nano-fluorescent materials of each primary color are filled into the pores of the ordered porous material through inkjet printing technology. Due to the confinement effect of the ordered porous material framework, under the conditions of equal filling height and equal light-emitting area size, the luminous intensity of the luminous pixels of different colors is balanced by controlling the concentration of the nano-color conversion materials of each primary color. When the inner diameter of the channel needs to be adjusted, the channel is etched to change the channel shape, and the channel is used to confine the growth of the color conversion layer. The luminescent color is controlled by controlling the particle size, or the color of the color conversion layer is changed by changing the halogen element; or the prepared color conversion material is filled into the channel through wet mixing. Since the particle size of nano fluorescent materials of different colors is different, the matching inner diameter of the channel is also different. Therefore, a single-color wet filling method is used according to the order of luminescent colors to fill the channel from large to small. When preparing a full-color electroluminescent panel, the prepared multi-primary color LED or QLED monomer is sequentially positioned and attached, embossed and transferred, and cured by PDMS transfer, and the transfer is repeated to achieve full-color pixel arrangement of the monomer light source in the channel, or an ordered porous material isolation layer is grown between the ITO anode and transparent cathode electrode of the OLED, an ITO electrode layer is sputtered on the substrate, the ITO is etched and filled with isolation columns, an ordered porous material frame is grown, nano-fluorescent material is filled, a transparent cathode electrode layer is grown, the transparent electrode is etched and filled with a cathode isolation layer, and encapsulation is performed; wherein the nano-fluorescent material is placed in the channel of the ordered porous material by inkjet printing or evaporation technology, and the full-color pixel arrangement of the panel is achieved by changing the nano-fluorescent material in the channel; For the luminescence regulation of single light sources, the overall luminescence intensity and color balance can be regulated by regulating the excitation current of each color single light source, or by etching the channel to form a channel structure with different inner diameters to change the size of the display pixel to achieve luminescence regulation.

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