Short-distance gas valve device for piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine

Abstract

The present application provides a short-distance gas valve device for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. The short-distance gas valve device comprises a valve core, a valve body and a controlled device. The valve core is a hollow cylinder, and at least one end of the two ends of the hollow cylinder is closed. The valve body is fitted over the valve core, the valve core and the valve body are correspondingly provided with at least one group of gas flow holes, each group of gas flow holes among the at least one group of gas flow holes has at least two gas flow holes, and a gas flow port is provided outside each of the gas flow holes of the valve body. The controlled device is an intermittent controlled device, and the controlled device is configured to enable each group of gas flow holes to reciprocate in an axial direction of the valve core and the valve body or swing back and forth in a circumferential direction of the valve core and the valve body.

Description

Short-distance gas valve device for piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[0001] This application claims priority to Chinese patent application No. 202410306770.2 filed on March 18, 2024, and the entire contents of the above application are fully incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0002] The present invention relates to the technical field of internal combustion engines, and in particular to a short-distance gas valve device for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. Background Art

[0003] A supercharged piston engine is a type of internal combustion engine. A supercharged piston engine mixes fuel and air and then burns them within its cylinder. The heat released generates high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gas within the cylinder. The expanding combustion gas pushes the piston to produce work, which is then output through mechanisms such as the crankshaft and connecting rod to drive the driven machinery. Supercharged piston engines include reciprocating piston engines, rotary piston engines, and free piston engines. The most common type is the reciprocating piston engine, such as supercharged diesel and gasoline engines.

[0004] In order to improve the power performance and reduce emissions of internal combustion engines, current internal combustion engines generally use supercharging technology. The valve mechanism of the internal combustion engine includes a gas valve, and the opening and closing speed of the gas valve directly affects the performance of the internal combustion engine. Taking the gas valve of the sequential exhaust system of a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine (the complete exhaust process of a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is divided into two pressure sections of different gases, which are discharged from the cylinder in sequence) as an example, currently, the gas valve device is usually a traditional piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine gas lift valve device. However, the exhaust energy utilization rate of this device is low, and there is exhaust negative work. In order to improve the exhaust energy utilization rate and reduce exhaust negative work, it is necessary to increase the opening and closing speed of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine gas lift valve device. For example, the opening and closing speed is increased by more than double.

[0005] The valve train of a supercharged piston internal combustion engine utilizes an intermittent valve train. In the intake and exhaust systems of a supercharged piston internal combustion engine, gas valve control typically relies on camshaft transmission, i.e., the intermittent motion of the valve-cam valve train. Therefore, the requirement for valve flow capacity in an internal combustion engine can be understood as a requirement for the valve displacement pattern determined by the cam profile. Consequently, increasing the opening and closing speed of the gas valves will increase the acceleration and inertial load of the valve train's moving parts, exacerbating shock, vibration, and noise, reducing operational smoothness, and deteriorating the dynamic characteristics of the mechanism. When designing the valve train for an internal combustion engine, increasing the acceleration and inertial load of the valve train's moving parts presents a conflicting issue. Specifically, the opening and closing speed of conventional valves is limited by physical constraints. Conventional valve train moving components, including solenoid valves, cannot meet the demand for further increases in valve opening and closing speeds in internal combustion engine valve trains (e.g., sequential exhaust systems, sequential intake systems, variable Miller cycles, or variable compression ratio systems).

[0006] Therefore, it is desirable to provide a short-distance gas valve device for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, so as to improve the operating performance and reliability of the internal combustion engine without reducing the gas flow capacity of the internal combustion engine. Summary of the Invention

[0007] One of the embodiments of this specification provides a short-distance gas valve device for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. The short-distance gas valve device includes: a valve core, a valve body, and a controlled device. The valve core is a hollow cylinder, at least one of the two ends of the hollow cylinder is closed. The valve body is mounted on the outside of the valve core, and the valve core and the valve body are respectively provided with at least one group of gas circulation holes, and each group of gas circulation holes in the at least one group of gas circulation holes is provided with at least two gas circulation holes, and a gas circulation port is provided outside the gas circulation holes of the valve body. The controlled device is an intermittent controlled device, and the controlled device is configured to cause each group of gas circulation holes to reciprocate along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body or to swing back and forth along the circumferential direction of the valve core and the valve body.

[0008] In some embodiments, the controlled device is a cam-controlled device connected to the timing gear of the internal combustion engine, and the controlled device is also configured to cause the valve core or the valve body to reciprocate along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body or to swing back and forth along the circumferential direction of the valve core and the valve body.

[0009] In some embodiments, the controlled device is an electromagnetic controlled device controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU), and the controlled device is also configured to cause the valve core or the valve body to move back and forth along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body or to swing back and forth along the circumferential direction of the valve core and the valve body.

[0010] In some embodiments, the number of the short-distance gas valve devices is multiple, and the number of the multiple short-distance gas valve devices is equal to the number of cylinders of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine.

[0011] In some embodiments, for each of the plurality of short-distance gas valve devices, the valve core moves along its circumference. The at least one group of gas circulation holes includes at least one group of circumferential gas circulation holes between the valve core and the valve body. The at least one group of circumferential gas circulation holes overlaps and staggers along the circumference of the valve core and the valve body during movement of the valve core. The controlled device is further configured to cause each group of circumferential gas circulation holes of the short-distance gas valve device corresponding to each cylinder of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine to overlap and stagger along the circumference of the valve core and the valve body according to the operating requirements of the cylinder.

[0012] In some embodiments, for each of the multiple short-distance gas valve devices, each short-distance gas valve device is a three-way valve. The two ends of the valve core include a closed end and an open end, and the open end is provided with an open-end gas circulation port. The valve body and the valve core are correspondingly provided with two groups of circumferential gas circulation holes, and the two groups of circumferential gas circulation holes include a first group of circumferential flow holes below the valve body and a second group of circumferential flow holes above the valve body. The first group of circumferential flow holes is provided with a first gas circulation port outside, and the second group of circumferential flow holes is provided with a second gas circulation port outside. The controlled device of each short-distance gas valve device is also configured to stagger the second group of circumferential flow holes when the first group of circumferential flow holes overlap, and to overlap the second group of circumferential flow holes when the first group of circumferential flow holes are staggered.

[0013] In some embodiments, the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharged internal combustion engine. The open end gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device communicates with a corresponding exhaust passage of the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharged internal combustion engine, the first gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device communicates with an inlet of a turbine of the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharged internal combustion engine, and the second gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device communicates with an outlet of the turbine of the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharged internal combustion engine.

[0014] In some embodiments, the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder, sequential exhaust, two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine. The open end gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device communicates with a corresponding exhaust passage of the multi-cylinder, sequential exhaust, two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine, the first gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device communicates with an inlet of a high-stage turbine of the multi-cylinder, sequential exhaust, two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine, and the second gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device communicates with an inlet of a low-stage turbine of the multi-cylinder, sequential exhaust, two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine.

[0015] In some embodiments, the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine is an aircraft internal combustion engine, and the controlled device in each short-distance gas valve device is also configured to make each group of circumferential gas flow holes overlap and stagger along the circumference of the valve core and the valve body according to the operating altitude of the aircraft internal combustion engine.

[0016] In some embodiments, the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder sequential intake piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. The open end gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is in communication with the intake duct of the corresponding cylinder of the multi-cylinder sequential intake piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, the first gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is in communication with the outlet of the low-oxygen content intake pipe of the multi-cylinder sequential intake piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, and the second gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is in communication with the outlet of the air intake pipe of the multi-cylinder sequential intake piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. The low-oxygen content intake pipe is a mixed intake pipe for exhaust gas recirculation and fuel, or a mixed intake pipe for water vapor, fuel, and air.

[0017] In some embodiments, for each of the plurality of short-distance gas valve devices, the valve core moves along its axial direction, and the at least one group of gas flow holes includes at least one group of axial gas flow holes between the valve core and the valve body. The at least one group of axial gas flow holes overlaps and staggers along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body during movement of the valve core. The controlled device is further configured to cause each group of axial gas flow holes in the short-distance gas valve device corresponding to each cylinder of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine to overlap and stagger along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body, based on the operating requirements of the cylinder.

[0018] In some embodiments, each of the plurality of short-distance gas valve devices is a two-way valve. The valve core comprises a closed end and an open end, with the open end provided with an open-end gas flow port. The valve body and the valve core are each provided with a set of axial gas flow holes, with a third gas flow port provided outside the set of axial gas flow holes. The controlled device is further configured to cause the set of axial gas flow holes to overlap and be staggered along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body.

[0019] In some embodiments, the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine. The open end gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is connected to the intake pipe of the multi-cylinder variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine, and the third gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is connected to the intake duct of the corresponding cylinder of the multi-cylinder variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine.

[0020] In some embodiments, each of the plurality of short-distance gas valve devices is a single-port valve. The valve core is closed at both ends. The valve body and the valve core are each provided with a corresponding set of axial gas flow holes, with a fourth gas flow hole provided outside the set of axial gas flow holes. The controlled device is further configured to cause the set of axial gas flow holes to overlap and be staggered along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body.

[0021] In some embodiments, the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine. The fourth gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device communicates with a corresponding cylinder of the multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine. The controlled device of each short-distance gas valve device is further configured to cause the set of axial gas flow holes of each short-distance gas valve device to overlap or stagger along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body according to the operating altitude of the multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine.

[0022] In some embodiments, the multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine is an aircraft internal combustion engine. The controlled device of each short-distance gas valve device is further configured to cause the set of axial gas flow holes to overlap or stagger along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body according to the operating altitude of the aircraft internal combustion engine.

[0023] In some embodiments, a pressure release hole is provided at one end of the valve core inner cavity of each of the plurality of short-distance gas valve devices, and the plurality of valve core inner cavities of the plurality of short-distance gas valve devices are interconnected through a connecting pipe.

[0024] In some embodiments, the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is an aircraft internal combustion engine that meets preset conditions, wherein the preset conditions include at least one of a boost ratio greater than 6 and a maximum compression ratio greater than 25.

[0025] One of the embodiments of this specification provides a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, including the short-distance gas valve device in the embodiment of the present application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] This specification will be further described in the form of exemplary embodiments, which will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are not limiting, and in these embodiments, like numbers represent like structures, wherein:

[0027] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary short-distance gas valve device for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;

[0028] FIG2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an exemplary short-distance gas valve device for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;

[0029] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary short-distance gas valve device as shown in FIG2 provided in a cylinder of a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;

[0030] FIG4 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary short-distance gas valve device as shown in FIG2 provided in a cylinder of a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;

[0031] 5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an exemplary short-distance gas valve device for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;

[0032] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary short-distance gas valve device as shown in FIG5 provided in a cylinder of a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;

[0033] 7 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an exemplary short-distance gas valve device for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;

[0034] FIG8 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary short-distance gas valve device as shown in FIG7 provided in a cylinder of a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;

[0035] FIG9 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary short-distance gas valve device for an internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification;

[0036] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary arrangement of the short-distance gas valve device shown in FIG. 9 in a gas turbine internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of this specification, the following briefly describes the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely examples or embodiments of this specification. Those skilled in the art can apply this specification to other similar scenarios based on these drawings without inventive effort. Unless otherwise apparent from the context or otherwise noted, the same reference numerals in the figures represent the same structure or operation.

[0038] It should be understood that the terms "system," "device," "unit," and / or "module" used herein are a method for distinguishing different components, elements, parts, portions, or assemblies at different levels. However, if other terms can achieve the same purpose, the terms may be replaced by other expressions.

[0039] As used in this specification and claims, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the words "a," "an," "an," and / or "the" do not refer to the singular but also include the plural. Generally speaking, the terms "comprises" and "include" only indicate the inclusion of the steps and elements specifically identified, and these steps and elements do not constitute an exclusive list. A method or apparatus may also include other steps or elements.

[0040] Flowcharts are used throughout this specification to illustrate the operations performed by systems according to embodiments of this specification. It should be understood that preceding or following operations do not necessarily need to be performed in exact order. Instead, the steps may be processed in reverse order or simultaneously. Furthermore, other operations may be added to these processes, or one or more operations may be removed from these processes.

[0041] An embodiment of the present application provides a short-distance gas valve device for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. The short-distance gas valve device includes: a valve core, a valve body, and a controlled device. The valve core is a hollow cylinder, at least one of the two ends of the hollow cylinder is closed. The valve body is mounted on the outside of the valve core, and the valve core and the valve body are respectively provided with at least one group of gas circulation holes, and each group of gas circulation holes in the at least one group of gas circulation holes is provided with at least two gas circulation holes, and a gas circulation port is provided outside the gas circulation holes of the valve body. The controlled device is an intermittent controlled device, and the controlled device is configured to cause each group of gas circulation holes to reciprocate along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body or to swing back and forth along the circumferential direction of the valve core and the valve body.

[0042] The short-distance gas valve device for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine provided in the embodiment of the present application can reduce the acceleration and inertial load of the movement of the intermittent valve distribution device without reducing the intake or exhaust speed of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, improve the reliability, impact, vibration, and noise of the valve distribution mechanism of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, and at the same time improve the stability of the operation of the internal combustion engine; by providing multiple gas flow holes, the opening and closing speed of the intermittent valve distribution device is increased, thereby improving the performance of the internal combustion engine.

[0043] FIG1 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary short-distance gas valve device for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of this specification. As shown in FIG1 , a short-distance gas valve device 100 for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine (hereinafter referred to as device 100) includes a valve core 110, a valve body 120, and a controlled device 130. Device 100 is applicable to a variety of piston-type supercharged internal combustion engines. For example, device 100 is applicable to reciprocating piston-type supercharged internal combustion engines, rotary piston-type supercharged internal combustion engines (also known as rotary internal combustion engines), and free piston-type supercharged internal combustion engines. Device 100 can be exemplified as any of device 200, device 500, device 700, and device 900.

[0044] The valve core 110 is a hollow cylinder with at least one of its ends closed, i.e., one end is closed and the other end is open or closed. For example, the valve core 110 in Figures 2, 5, and 9 has one end closed and the other end open. For another example, the valve core 110 in Figure 7 has both ends closed.

[0045] The valve body 120 is mounted on the exterior of the cylindrical valve core 110. The valve core 110 and the valve body 120 are each provided with one or more groups of gas flow holes arranged along their axial or circumferential directions. That is, the gas flow holes of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 are correspondingly arranged. One group of gas flow holes includes N (N ≥ 2) gas flow holes provided on the valve core 110 and N gas flow holes provided on the valve body 120 corresponding to these gas flow holes. It should be noted that the gas circulation holes arranged axially along the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 can be simply referred to as axial gas circulation holes. The axial gas circulation holes on the valve core 110 and the corresponding axial gas circulation holes on the valve body 120 overlap and stagger along the axial directions of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 during the movement of the valve core 110. The gas circulation holes arranged circumferentially along the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 can be simply referred to as circumferential gas circulation holes. The circumferential gas circulation holes on the valve core 110 and the corresponding circumferential gas circulation holes on the valve body 120 overlap and stagger along the circumferential directions of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 during the movement of the valve core 110. Taking the valve core as an example, if multiple rows (along its circumference) and multiple columns (along its axial direction) of gas circulation holes are arranged on the surface of the valve core cylinder, these holes can be grouped according to the axial direction or according to the circumferential direction. If grouped circumferentially, the gas circulation holes on the valve core are multiple groups of gas circulation holes arranged along the circumference thereof, and all of these gas circulation holes are circumferential gas circulation holes (for example, the circumferential gas circulation holes on the valve core 211); if grouped axially, the gas circulation holes on the valve core are multiple groups of gas circulation holes arranged along the axial direction thereof, and all of these gas circulation holes are axial gas circulation holes (for example, the axial gas circulation holes on the valve core 510 and the valve core 710). In some embodiments, at least one group of gas circulation holes is regularly distributed along the axial or circumferential direction of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120, that is, includes multiple rows (also called lines) (circumferentially) or multiple columns (axially), wherein each row includes at least one gas circulation hole arranged along the axial direction of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120, and each column includes at least one gas circulation hole arranged along the circumferential direction of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120. Still taking the valve core as an example, along the circumference of the valve core, each group of gas flow holes on the valve core in devices 200, 500, and 700 has five rows, each row including five gas flow holes arranged axially along the valve core (five columns); each group of gas flow holes in device 900 has twelve rows, each row including three gas flow holes arranged circumferentially along the valve core (three columns). In some embodiments, at least one group of gas flow holes is irregularly distributed on the valve core 110 and valve body 120, i.e., the gas flow holes in this group are not arranged in rows along the circumference of the valve core 110 and valve body 120, nor are they arranged in columns along the axial direction of the valve core 110 and valve body 120.

[0046] Because acceleration and valve train inertia are proportional to the square of velocity, providing at least two gas flow holes per group significantly reduces the acceleration and inertia of the intermittent valve train (e.g., by approximately 75%) without reducing the intake or exhaust velocity of a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. This significantly improves the reliability, impact, vibration, and noise of the valve train in conventional piston-type supercharged internal combustion engines, enhancing the smoothness of engine operation. Providing at least five gas flow holes per group increases the opening and closing speed of the intermittent valve train, significantly enhancing engine performance.

[0047] The controlled device 130 is an intermittent controlled device. The controlled device 130 is configured to cause each group of gas circulation holes to reciprocate along the axial direction of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 or to swing back and forth along the circumference of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120, so that the gas circulation holes can quickly overlap and stagger. Specifically, the arrangement of the gas circulation holes on the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 (circumferential or axial) corresponds to the movement of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 (axial reciprocating movement or circumferential back and forth swinging). When each group of gas circulation holes is an axial gas circulation hole, the controlled device 130 causes the valve core 110 or the valve body 120 to move back and forth in a circular motion along its axial direction; when each group of gas circulation holes is a circumferential gas circulation hole, the controlled device 130 causes the valve core 110 or the valve body 120 to swing back and forth in a circular motion along its circumference. Compared with axial cyclic movement, the swing arm of circumferential cyclic swinging can be designed to be slightly longer, and the swinging force required during swinging can be reduced. In some embodiments, based on the convenience of arranging the controlled device 130 on a specific piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, it is determined whether the valve core 110 or valve body 120 moves axially or circumferentially.

[0048] In some embodiments, corresponding reinforcing ribs are added to each row of gas flow holes or each row of gas flow holes is composed of multiple small circular holes (multiple rows) to improve the rigidity of the corresponding gas flow holes.

[0049] In some embodiments, the controlled device 130 is a cam-controlled device connected to the internal combustion engine's timing gear. This cam-controlled device causes the valve core 110 or valve body 120 to reciprocate axially or oscillate circumferentially. For example, the controlled device 230 in device 200 and the controlled device 530 in device 500 are both cam-controlled devices. Cam-controlled devices can have various structures, and this specification does not limit them. For piston internal combustion engines, cam-controlled devices have faster opening and closing speeds than electromagnetically controlled devices controlled by an ECU.

[0050] In some embodiments, the controlled device 130 is an electromagnetically controlled device controlled by an ECU. This electromagnetically controlled device causes the valve core 110 or valve body 120 to reciprocate axially or oscillate circumferentially. For example, the controlled device 730 in device 700 and the controlled device 930 in device 900 are electromagnetically controlled devices. Electromagnetic controlled devices can have various structures, which are not limited in this specification. The opening and closing timing of the electromagnetically controlled device is very flexible, allowing the duration of the gas valve's opening and closing cycle, i.e., the duration of each gas valve opening and closing cycle, to be adjusted over a wide range.

[0051] In some embodiments, there are multiple devices 100 in a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, wherein the number of devices 100 is equal to the number of cylinders of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, that is, one device 100 is provided for each cylinder. For example, Figures 3 and 4 show a single cylinder of a single-cylinder piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine or a multi-cylinder piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, and a short-distance gas valve device is provided for each cylinder. For another example, Figure 6 shows a single cylinder of a single-cylinder variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine or a multi-cylinder variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine, and a short-distance gas valve device is provided for each cylinder. For another example, Figure 8 shows a single cylinder of a single-cylinder variable compression ratio supercharged internal combustion engine or a multi-cylinder variable compression ratio supercharged internal combustion engine, and a short-distance gas valve device is provided for each cylinder.

[0052] In some embodiments, the valve core 110 moves along its circumference, and the at least one group of gas flow holes provided in the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 includes at least one group of circumferential gas flow holes. The at least one group of circumferential gas flow holes overlaps and staggers along the circumference of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 during the movement of the valve core 110. The controlled device 130 is further configured to cause each group of circumferential gas flow holes of the device 100 corresponding to each cylinder to overlap and stagger along the circumference of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 according to the operating requirements of each cylinder among the multiple cylinders of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine.

[0053] In some embodiments, the valve core 110 moves along its axial direction, and the at least one set of gas flow holes provided in the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 includes at least one set of axial gas flow holes. The at least one set of axial gas flow holes overlaps and staggers along the axial directions of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 during the movement of the valve core 110. The controlled device 130 is further configured to cause each set of axial gas flow holes of the device 100 corresponding to each cylinder in the plurality of cylinders of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine to overlap and stagger along the axial directions of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 according to the operating requirements of the cylinder.

[0054] In some embodiments, a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine comprises multiple devices 100. Each of the multiple devices 100 has a pressure relief hole at one end of its valve core cavity, and the multiple valve core cavities of the multiple devices 100 are interconnected via connecting pipes. This increases the variable volume near top dead center to N times that of a single cylinder (N being the number of cylinders), reduces the combustion pressure rise rate and combustion noise of the internal combustion engine, and improves the operating comfort of the internal combustion engine.

[0055] In some embodiments, the gas valve in the device 100 is a three-way valve. The valve core 110 has two ends, one closed end and one open end, and the open end is provided with a corresponding open-end gas flow port. The valve body 120 and the valve core 110 are provided with two sets of circumferential gas flow holes, respectively, a first set of circumferential flow holes below the valve body 120 and a second set of circumferential flow holes above the valve body 120. The first set of circumferential flow holes is provided with a first gas flow port on the outside (the outside of the valve body 120 corresponding to the position of the first set of circumferential flow holes), and the second set of circumferential flow holes is provided with a second gas flow port on the outside (the outside of the valve body 120 corresponding to the position of the second set of circumferential flow holes). The controlled device 130 causes the second set of circumferential flow holes to stagger when the first set of circumferential flow holes overlap, and to overlap when the first set of circumferential flow holes are staggered. The valve core 110 is a hollow cylinder with one end closed, and the valve body 120 is mounted on the outside of the valve core 110. By making the valve core hollow, a certain mass of gas can be stored, thereby stabilizing gas pressure and reducing gas flow losses. By designing the outer surface of the valve core and the inner surface of the valve body as cylindrical, the valve core and valve body are easier to process, reducing the friction coefficient during relative movement between the valve core and valve body, and simplifying measures to prevent air leakage between the valve core and valve body. By closing one end of the valve core, a controlled device can be easily installed; by opening the other end of the valve core, a common flow port can be added to the gas valve device, thereby enabling switching between different pressures in the successive exhaust systems of a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, as well as switching between different components in the successive intake systems of a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine.

[0056] As an example only, FIG2 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an exemplary short-distance gas valve device for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine shown in some embodiments of this specification. As shown in FIG2, sub-figure a represents a state in which the upper flow hole is closed and the lower flow hole is open, and sub-figure b represents a state in which the upper flow hole is open and the lower flow hole is closed. M1 and M2 represent the cross-sectional directions. As shown in FIG2, the gas valve in the short-distance gas valve device 200 (referred to as the device 200 for short) is a three-way valve. The valve core 210 of the device 200 is a hollow cylinder with one end closed, and the valve body 220 is mounted on the outside of the valve core 210. The controlled device 230 is a cam-controlled device and is connected to the timing mechanism of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. Under the action of the controlled device 230, the valve core 210 performs intermittent swinging along the circumference of the valve core 210 and the valve body 220 as required by the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. The valve core 210 is provided with lower valve core flow holes 211 (5 rows and 5 columns), and the valve body 220 is provided with lower valve body flow holes 221 corresponding to 211. 211 and 221 form a first set of circumferential flow holes. The valve core 210 is provided with upper valve core flow holes 213 (5 rows and 5 columns), and the valve body 220 is provided with upper valve body flow holes 223 corresponding to 213. 213 and 223 form a second set of circumferential flow holes. The lower valve core flow hole 211 is provided with a lower valve core flow hole reinforcement rib 212 to increase the rigidity of the lower valve core flow hole 211; the upper valve core flow hole 213 is provided with an upper valve core flow hole reinforcement rib 214 to increase the rigidity of the upper valve core flow hole 213; the lower valve body flow hole 221 is provided with a lower valve body flow hole reinforcement rib 222 to increase the rigidity of the lower valve body flow hole 221; and the upper valve body flow hole 223 is provided with an upper valve body flow hole reinforcement rib 224 to increase the rigidity of the upper valve body flow hole 223. The open end of the valve core 210 is provided with a corresponding open end gas flow port 240, a corresponding lower valve body flow port 250 (first gas flow port) is provided below the lower valve body flow hole 221, and a corresponding upper valve body flow port 260 (second gas flow port) is provided above the upper valve body flow hole 223. The controlled device 230, as required by the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, causes the first group of circumferential flow holes and the second group of circumferential flow holes to overlap and stagger along the circumference of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120, thereby realizing a sequential intake system and a sequential exhaust system. An advancer device (not shown in FIG. 2 ) is provided between the controlled device 230 and the timing mechanism of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, allowing the opening and closing moments of the device 200 in the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine to be adjustable, thereby enabling flexible control of the sequential intake system or sequential exhaust system of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, further improving the performance of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. The controlled device 230 in FIG. 2 can also be replaced by an electromagnetically controlled device instead of a cam-controlled device, thereby further improving the performance of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine.

[0057] In some embodiments, the aforementioned piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharged internal combustion engine (single-stage supercharging), which is equipped with a turbine and an exhaust duct. The number of devices 100 in the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharged internal combustion engine is equal to the number of cylinders in the internal combustion engine. The open end gas flow port of each device 100 communicates with the corresponding exhaust duct of the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharged internal combustion engine. The first gas flow port of each device 100 communicates with the inlet of the turbine of the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharged internal combustion engine. The second gas flow port of each device 100 communicates with the outlet of the turbine of the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharged internal combustion engine. Each controlled device 130 causes each set of circumferential gas flow holes of the device 100 corresponding to each cylinder to overlap or stagger along the circumference of the valve core 110 and valve body 120 according to the operating requirements of each cylinder in the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharged internal combustion engine. In some embodiments, the gas valve of the device 100 in the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharged internal combustion engine is a three-way valve.

[0058] As an example only, FIG3 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary short-distance gas valve device as shown in FIG2 provided in a cylinder of a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of this specification. The short-distance gas valve device provided in FIG3 is the device 200 shown in FIG2 , and the cylinder in FIG3 is one cylinder of a multi-cylinder piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine (e.g., a multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharged internal combustion engine) or a cylinder of a single-cylinder piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. As shown in FIG3 , the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is provided with a turbine 3300 and an exhaust pipe 3120. The turbine 3300 is provided with a turbine inlet 3310 and a turbine outlet 3320, and the turbine outlet 3320 is communicated with the exhaust pipe 3120. The gas flow port 240 at the open end of the device 200 communicates with the exhaust outlet 3140 of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, the lower flow port 250 of the valve body of the device 200 communicates with the turbine inlet 3310, and the upper flow port 260 of the valve body of the device 200 communicates with the exhaust pipe 3120. The controlled device 230 (not shown in FIG. 3 ) of the device 200 causes the first group of circumferential flow holes and the second group of circumferential flow holes in the valve body 220 (not shown in FIG. 3 ) and the valve core 210 (not shown in FIG. 3 ) to successively overlap and stagger along the circumference of the valve core 210 and the valve body 220 during the intake process of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. This achieves sequential exhaust of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, thereby ensuring efficient utilization of exhaust energy while reducing the negative pumping work of the piston from bottom to top. The flow openings of the first group of circumferential flow holes (first gas flow openings) are connected to the turbine inlet of the turbocharger, and the high-pressure exhaust energy is provided to the turbine 3300 for use (at this time, most of the energy of the exhaust gas is provided before the bottom dead center of the piston); the flow openings of the second group of circumferential flow holes (second gas flow openings) are connected to the exhaust pipe 3120 (at this time, the piston runs from the bottom dead center to the top dead center), so that the high exhaust back pressure of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is quickly reduced to atmospheric pressure, thereby reducing the pumping negative work of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, and improving the utilization rate of the exhaust gas energy while improving the exhaust flow regulation.

[0059] For traditional turbocharged internal combustion engines, turbine flow regulation reduces working efficiency. For example, a supercharged internal combustion engine for a vehicle adjusts the exhaust flow through the turbine through a bleed valve, wasting the energy of the exhaust flow through the bleed valve. In the embodiment of the present application, the flow port through the second set of flow holes is connected to the exhaust pipe (as shown in Figure 3), effectively utilizing the energy of the exhaust flow that traditionally passes through the bleed valve, directly reducing the negative work of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine pump air; compared with traditional supercharged internal combustion engines (for example, automotive exhaust gas turbocharged internal combustion engines), when adjusting the exhaust flow, the short-distance gas valve device provided in the embodiment of the present application can enable the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine to improve the effective thermal efficiency of the calibration point (for example, about 6%) while maintaining a large low-speed maximum torque.

[0060] In some embodiments, the aforementioned piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder, sequential exhaust, two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine. The multi-cylinder, sequential exhaust, two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine is equipped with a high-stage turbine, a low-stage turbine, and an exhaust duct. The number of devices 100 in the multi-cylinder, sequential exhaust, two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine is equal to the number of cylinders in the multi-cylinder, sequential exhaust, two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine. The open end gas flow port of each device 100 communicates with the corresponding exhaust duct of the multi-cylinder, sequential exhaust, two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine. The first gas flow port of each device 100 communicates with the inlet of the high-stage turbine of the multi-cylinder, sequential exhaust, two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine, and the second gas flow port of each device 100 communicates with the inlet of the low-stage turbine of the multi-cylinder, sequential exhaust, two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine. Each controlled device 130 causes each set of circumferential gas flow holes of the device 100 corresponding to each cylinder to overlap or stagger along the circumference of the valve core 110 and valve body 120, based on the operating requirements of each cylinder of the internal combustion engine. Compared with a single-stage supercharged multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharged internal combustion engine, a two-stage supercharged multi-cylinder sequential exhaust two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine can also effectively utilize the energy of the exhaust gas flow traditionally passing through the exhaust valve to achieve the same energy-saving effect.

[0061] In some embodiments, the internal combustion engine to which the device 100 is applicable is an aircraft internal combustion engine that meets preset conditions, wherein the preset conditions include at least one of a boost ratio greater than 6 and a maximum compression ratio greater than 25.

[0062] In some embodiments, the device 100 is suitable for use in aircraft internal combustion engines with a maximum compression ratio greater than 25. The controlled device 130 causes each set of circumferential gas flow holes in the device 100 to overlap or stagger along the circumference of the valve core 110 and valve body 120, or causes each set of axial gas flow holes in the device 100 to overlap or stagger along the axial direction of the valve core 110 and valve body 120, depending on the operating altitude of the internal combustion engine. During high-altitude flight, where air pressure is relatively low, this can further increase the compression ratio without compromising reliability, thereby further improving the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine at high altitude.

[0063] In some embodiments, the aforementioned multi-cylinder sequential exhaust two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine is an aircraft internal combustion engine with a compression ratio greater than 6. Each controlled device 130 causes each set of circumferential gas flow holes of the device 100 to overlap and stagger along the circumference of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120, or causes each set of axial gas flow holes of the device 100 to overlap and stagger along the axial direction of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120, according to the operating altitude of the aircraft internal combustion engine. In this way, it is possible to adjust the maximum intake pressure ratio of the internal combustion engine by adjusting the ratio of the exhaust gas flow of the two-stage supercharging according to the operating altitude of the internal combustion engine. The atmospheric pressure at high altitudes is low, and a high intake pressure ratio is required to meet the power requirements of high-altitude aircraft; the atmospheric pressure on plains is high, and a low intake pressure ratio is required to meet the reliability requirements of the internal combustion engine. By adjusting the maximum intake pressure ratio of the internal combustion engine, the different needs of high and low altitudes can be taken into account. Of particular importance is that, for flying cars, the embodiments of the present application provide a short-distance gas valve device that can conveniently convert the power of a car into the power of a flying car, thereby solving the problem of insufficient power for the flying car and thus facilitating the realization of unmanned aerial driving.

[0064] In some embodiments, the aforementioned multi-cylinder sequential exhaust two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine is an aircraft internal combustion engine with a supercharging ratio greater than 6 and a maximum compression ratio greater than 25. This allows the internal combustion engine to achieve a balance of dynamics, economy, and reliability, both on the plains and in the air.

[0065] In some embodiments, the aforementioned piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder sequential intake piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. The multi-cylinder sequential intake piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine includes two intake pipes and an intake duct corresponding to each of the multiple cylinders. The two intake pipes are an air intake pipe and a low-oxygen content intake pipe. The number of devices 100 in the multi-cylinder sequential intake piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is equal to the number of cylinders of the multi-cylinder sequential intake piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. The open end gas flow port of each device 100 communicates with the intake duct of the multi-cylinder sequential intake piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, the first gas flow port of each device 100 communicates with the outlet of the low-oxygen content intake pipe, and the second gas flow port of each device 100 communicates with the outlet of the air intake pipe. The low-oxygen content intake pipe is a mixed intake pipe for exhaust gas and fuel for exhaust gas recirculation, or a mixed intake pipe for water vapor, fuel, and air. Each controlled device 130 causes each set of circumferential gas flow holes of device 100 corresponding to the cylinder to overlap or stagger along the circumference of valve core 110 and valve body 120, based on the operating requirements of each cylinder of the multi-cylinder sequential air-intake piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. In some embodiments, the gas valve of device 100 in the multi-cylinder sequential air-intake piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a three-way valve.

[0066] By way of example only, FIG4 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary short-distance gas valve device, as shown in FIG2, disposed in a cylinder of a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, according to some embodiments of this specification. The three-way short-distance gas valve device disposed in FIG4 is device 200, as shown in FIG2. The cylinder in FIG4 is one cylinder of a multi-cylinder piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine (e.g., a multi-cylinder sequential intake piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine) or a cylinder of a single-cylinder piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. As shown in FIG4, the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is provided with two intake pipes: an air intake pipe 4110-1 and a low-oxygen content intake pipe 4110-2. The open end gas flow port 240 of device 200 is connected to the corresponding intake duct inlet 4130 of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. The lower flow port 250 of the valve body of device 200 is connected to the outlet of the air intake pipe 4110-1. The upper flow port 260 of the valve body of device 200 is connected to the outlet of the low-oxygen content intake pipe 4110-2. Low-oxygen intake pipe 4110-2 is a mixed intake pipe for exhaust gas recirculation and fuel, or a mixed intake pipe for water vapor, fuel, and air. Controlled device 230 (not shown in FIG. 4 ) of apparatus 200 causes valve body 220 (not shown in FIG. 4 ) and valve core 210 (not shown in FIG. 4 ) of apparatus 200 to cause the first set of circumferential flow holes and the second set of circumferential flow holes to overlap and then stagger along the circumference of valve core 210 and valve body 220 during the intake process of a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. This achieves sequential intake of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, thereby enabling stratified combustion of low-oxygen gas, fuel, and air within the cylinder. A low-oxygen content combustion layer is provided to the cylinder of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine through the low-oxygen content intake pipe 4110-2, thereby reducing the amount of nitrogen oxide emissions generated in the cylinder (the amount of nitrogen oxide generated is positively correlated with the oxygen content); an air layer is provided to the cylinder of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine through the air intake pipe 4110-1, so that the fuel in the low-oxygen layer burns quickly, thereby improving the thermal efficiency of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine.

[0067] In some embodiments, the gas valve in the device 100 is a two-way valve. The valve core 110 is a hollow cylinder with one end closed, that is, the two ends of the valve core 110 include a closed end and an open end. The open end of the valve core 110 is provided with a corresponding open end gas flow port. The valve core 110 moves along its axial direction. The valve body 120 is mounted on the outside of the valve core 110. The valve body 120 and the valve core 110 are provided with a group of axial gas flow holes, and the outside of the group of axial gas flow holes (the outside of the valve body 120 corresponding to the position of the group of axial gas flow holes) is provided with a third gas flow port. The controlled device 130 makes the group of axial gas flow holes overlap and stagger along the axial direction of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120 during the movement of the valve core 110. By setting the valve core to be hollow, a certain mass of gas can be stored, so that the compression ratio can be adjusted and the gas flow loss can be reduced. By designing the outer surface of the valve core and the inner surface of the valve body as cylindrical, the valve core and valve body are easier to process, reducing the friction coefficient when the valve core and valve body move relative to each other, and simplifying the measures to prevent air leakage between the valve core and valve body. By closing one end of the valve core, the controlled device can be easily installed; by opening the other end, the function of a two-way valve is realized.

[0068] As an example only, FIG5 is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of an exemplary short-distance gas valve device for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine shown in some embodiments of this specification. As shown in FIG5, sub-figure c represents the state in which the flow hole is closed, sub-figure d represents the state in which the flow hole is open, and M1 and M2 represent the cross-sectional directions. As shown in FIG5, the gas valve in the short-distance gas valve device 500 (referred to as the device 500 for short) is a two-way valve. The valve core 510 is a hollow cylinder with one end closed, the valve body 520 is mounted on the outside of the valve core 510, and the controlled device 530 is a cam-controlled device (composed of a driving cam unit 531 and a return spring 532). The controlled device 530 is connected to the timing mechanism of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. Under the action of the controlled device 530, the valve core 510 performs the intermittent movement along the axial direction of the valve core 510 and the valve body 520 required by the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. The valve core 510 is provided with lower valve core flow holes 511 (5 rows and 5 columns), and the valve body 520 is provided with lower valve body flow holes 521 (5 rows and 5 columns) corresponding to 511. The lower valve core flow holes 511 and the lower valve body flow holes 521 form a set of axial gas flow holes. The lower valve core flow holes 511 are provided with lower valve core flow hole reinforcement ribs 512 to increase the rigidity of the lower valve core flow hole 511; the lower valve body flow hole 521 is also provided with lower valve body reinforcement ribs 522 to increase the rigidity of the lower valve body flow hole 521. The open end of the valve core 510 is provided with a corresponding open end gas flow port 540, and a corresponding lower valve body flow port 550 (third gas flow port) is provided below the lower valve body flow hole 521. According to the operating requirements of the internal combustion engine, an advancer device (not shown in Figure 5) is provided between the controlled device 530 and the internal combustion engine timing mechanism to adjust the opening and closing time of the device 500.

[0069] In some embodiments, the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine, which includes an intake pipe and an intake duct corresponding to each cylinder. The number of devices 100 is equal to the number of cylinders in the multi-cylinder variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine. The open end gas flow port of each device 100 communicates with the intake pipe of the multi-cylinder variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine, and the third gas flow port of each device 100 communicates with the intake duct of the corresponding cylinder. Each controlled device 130 causes each set of axial gas flow holes of the device 100 corresponding to the cylinder to overlap or stagger along the axial direction of the valve core 110 and valve body 120 according to the operating requirements of each cylinder of the internal combustion engine. By using a variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine, the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine can be adjusted according to the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine while maintaining the expansion ratio unchanged. In some embodiments, the gas valve of the device 100 in the multi-cylinder variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine is a two-way valve.

[0070] By way of example only, FIG6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary short-distance gas valve device as shown in FIG5 , provided in a cylinder of a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, according to some embodiments of this specification. The two-way short-distance gas valve device provided in FIG6 is device 500 as shown in FIG5 , and the cylinder in FIG6 is a cylinder of a multi-cylinder variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine or a cylinder of a single-cylinder variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine. As shown in FIG6 , the gas flow port 540 at the valve core opening end of device 500 communicates with the intake pipe 660 of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, and the flow port 550 below the valve body of device 500 communicates with the intake duct 6120 of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. The controlled device 530 (not shown in Figure 6) of the device 500 makes the time of overlap and stagger of the valve body 520 (not shown in Figure 6) and the valve core 510 (not shown in Figure 6) of the device 500 during the intake process of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine be adjusted by the cam phase of the cam unit 531 (not shown in Figure 6) of the driving device 500. The adjustment is performed according to the operating conditions of the internal combustion engine, that is, the intake stop time of the intake duct is adjustable, thereby realizing the Miller cycle of the internal combustion engine through the intake duct, accelerating the closing speed of the gas valve set in the intake duct, and improving the benefit of the Miller cycle.

[0071] In some embodiments, the gas valve in device 100 is a single-port valve (one-way valve). The valve core 110 is closed at both ends and moves axially. The valve body 120 and valve core 110 are provided with a set of axial gas flow holes. A fourth gas flow hole is provided outside of this set of axial gas flow holes (on the outside of the valve body 120 corresponding to the position of the set of axial gas flow holes). The controlled device 130 is further configured to cause the set of axial gas flow holes to overlap and stagger along the axial direction of the valve core 110 and valve body 120 during movement of the valve core 110.

[0072] By way of example only, Figure 7 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an exemplary short-distance gas valve assembly for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, according to some embodiments of this specification. As shown in Figure 7, sub-figure e represents the closed state of the flow hole, and sub-figure f represents the open state of the flow hole. M1 and M2 represent the cross-sectional directions. As shown in Figure 7, the gas valve in the short-distance gas valve assembly 700 (hereinafter referred to as assembly 700) is a one-way valve. The valve core 710 is a hollow cylinder with closed ends. The valve body 720 is mounted on the exterior of the valve core 710. The controlled device 730 is an electromagnetically controlled device controlled by an ECU. Under the control of the controlled device 730, the valve core 710 performs the intermittent movement along the axial direction of the valve core 710 and valve body 720 required by the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. This enables the internal combustion engine to provide the optimal work-to-expansion ratio under all power conditions (i.e., the internal combustion engine achieves the highest thermal efficiency while meeting reliability requirements), thereby significantly improving the engine's power performance and thermal efficiency. The valve core 710 is provided with lower valve core flow holes 711 (5 rows and 5 columns), and the valve body 720 is provided with lower valve body flow holes 721 (5 rows and 5 columns) corresponding to 711. The lower valve core flow holes 711 and the lower valve body flow holes 721 form a group of axial gas flow holes. The lower valve core flow holes 711 are provided with lower valve core flow hole reinforcement ribs 712 to increase the rigidity of the lower valve core flow hole 711; the lower valve body flow hole 721 is also provided with lower valve body reinforcement ribs 722 to increase the rigidity of the lower valve body flow hole 721. A corresponding lower valve body flow port 750 (the fourth gas flow port) is provided below the lower valve body flow hole 721. By making the valve core of the gas valve hollow, a certain mass of gas can be stored, thereby adjusting the compression ratio.

[0073] In some embodiments, the aforementioned piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine. The number of devices 100 in the multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine is equal to the number of cylinders of the multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine. The fourth gas flow port of each device 100 is connected to the corresponding cylinder of the multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine; each controlled device 130 is also configured to cause the group of axial gas flow holes of each device 100 to overlap and stagger along the axial direction of the valve core 110 and valve body 120 according to the operating altitude of the multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine. In some embodiments, the gas valve of the device 100 in the multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine is a single-port valve.

[0074] By way of example only, FIG8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary short-distance gas valve device, as shown in FIG7 , disposed in a cylinder of a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, according to some embodiments of this specification. The single-pass short-distance gas valve device in FIG8 is device 700, as shown in FIG7 . The cylinder in FIG8 is a cylinder of a multi-cylinder variable compression ratio supercharged internal combustion engine or a cylinder of a single-cylinder variable compression ratio supercharged internal combustion engine. As shown in FIG8 , the valve body lower flow port 750 of device 700 communicates with cylinder 8150 of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine. A controlled device 730 (not shown in FIG8 ) of device 700 enables the valve body 720 (not shown in FIG8 ) and valve core 710 (not shown in FIG8 ) of device 700 to adjust both the point at which the valve body 720 (not shown in FIG8 ) and valve core 710 (not shown in FIG8 ) of device 700 to overlap and the point at which overlap begins within a range of ±30° from the engine's top dead center. By providing a set of axially corresponding gas flow holes, adjustable compression ratio is achieved. Controlled device 730 is an electromagnetically controlled device controlled by the ECU. Compared to cam-controlled devices, electromagnetically controlled devices offer greater control flexibility. The electromagnetically controlled device allows for adjustable duration of opening or closing of short-range gas valves, enabling the controlled device to open and close over short distances. This allows the controlled device to adjust the duration of opening and closing within a relatively small crankshaft angle (e.g., within ±30° of the engine's top dead center), enabling the engine to provide an optimal power expansion ratio under all power conditions (i.e., achieving the highest thermal efficiency while meeting reliability requirements), thereby significantly improving the engine's power performance and thermal efficiency. In some embodiments, controlled device 730 can also be replaced by a cam-controlled device, which offers faster opening and closing speeds.

[0075] In some embodiments, the multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine is an aircraft internal combustion engine. For example, an aircraft internal combustion engine that meets preset conditions. The controlled device 130 in each device 100 is further configured to cause each set of axial gas flow holes to overlap or stagger along the axial direction of the valve core 110 and valve body 120 based on the operating altitude (e.g., sea level) of the aircraft internal combustion engine.

[0076] In some embodiments, the device 100 is also applicable to other cycle combustion internal combustion engines, such as rotary internal combustion engines.

[0077] In some embodiments, the device 100 is also applicable to gas turbine internal combustion engines. The valve core 110 and the valve body 120 are provided with one or two groups of corresponding gas flow holes, and each group of gas flow holes is a circumferentially uniform gas flow hole. The controlled device 130 causes the valve core 110 or the valve body 120 to perform a cyclic rotation along the circumference of the valve core 110 and the valve body 120. The controlled device 130 corresponding to each group of gas flow holes is a continuous controlled device. For example, the controlled device 130 is a gear-controlled device controlled by a motor, and the motor provides uniform rotational motion. The uniform rotational motion is transmitted to the valve core 110 or the valve body 120 through the gears, so that the valve core 110 or the valve body 120 does not need to withstand the impact force of acceleration. Compared with the intermittent controlled device, the continuous controlled device is faster to open and close, and can achieve smoother opening and closing operations.

[0078] In some embodiments, a gas turbine internal combustion engine comprises a sequential intake gas turbine internal combustion engine. The sequential intake gas turbine internal combustion engine is provided with a compressor inlet and two intake ducts: an air intake duct and an air and fuel mixture intake duct. A first set of circumferentially evenly distributed circumferential gas flow holes is provided on the front of the valve core 110 and the front of the valve body 120, respectively. A second set of circumferentially evenly distributed circumferential gas flow holes is provided on the rear of the valve core 110 and the rear of the valve body 120, respectively. The valve core 110 is closed at one end and open at the other. There are three gas flow ports: a front gas flow port is provided on the front of the exterior of the valve body 120, a rear gas flow port is provided on the rear of the valve body 120, and corresponding open-end gas flow ports are provided on the open end of the valve core 110. The front gas flow port is connected to the outlet of the air and fuel mixture intake duct, the rear gas flow port is connected to the outlet of the air intake duct, and the open-end gas flow port of the valve core 110 is connected to the compressor inlet. Controlled device 130 is configured to cause the second set of circumferential gas flow holes to stagger when the first set of gas flow holes overlap, and to overlap when the first set of circumferential gas flow holes stagger. By providing two gas flow ports on the valve body of a gas valve assembly in a gas turbine internal combustion engine, sequential air intake is achieved in the gas turbine internal combustion engine. By employing sequential air intake in a gas turbine internal combustion engine, flashback can be prevented, leading to premixed combustion of fuel, lowering gas turbine engine emissions and peak combustion temperatures. Furthermore, for a continuous combustion internal combustion engine, the premixed combustion effect of a cyclic combustion internal combustion engine can be achieved, thereby improving the performance of the gas turbine internal combustion engine.

[0079] As an example only, FIG9 is a schematic diagram of an exemplary short-distance gas valve device for an internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of the present specification. As shown in FIG9 , sub-figure g represents a state in which the front flow hole is closed and the rear flow hole is open, sub-figure h represents a state in which the front flow hole is open and the rear flow hole is closed, and M1 and M2 represent cross-sectional directions. As shown in FIG9 , the gas valve in the short-distance gas valve device 900 (referred to as the device 900 for short) is a three-way valve. As shown in FIG9 , the valve core 910 is a hollow cylinder with one end closed and the other end open; the valve body 920 is mounted on the outside of the valve core 910. The controlled device 930 is an electromagnetic controlled device (for example, an electromagnetic controlled device controlled by an ECU, etc.). Under the control of the controlled device 930, the valve core 910 performs the circumferential uniform rotation required by the internal combustion engine. The valve core 910 is provided with uniformly distributed rear-valve core circulation holes 915 (12 rows and 3 columns), and the valve body 920 is provided with corresponding rear-valve body circulation holes 925 (12 rows and 3 columns). The rear-valve core circulation holes 915 and the rear-valve body circulation holes 925 constitute a first set of circumferential gas circulation holes. The valve core 910 is provided with uniformly distributed front-valve core circulation holes 917 (12 rows and 3 columns), and the valve body 920 is provided with corresponding front-valve body circulation holes 927 (12 rows and 3 columns). The front-valve core circulation holes 917 and the front-valve body circulation holes 927 constitute a second set of circumferential gas circulation holes. To enhance the rigidity of the circulation holes, the rear-valve core circulation holes 915 are provided with rear-valve core circulation hole reinforcement ribs 916, the front-valve core circulation holes 917 are provided with front-valve core circulation hole reinforcement ribs 918, the rear-valve body circulation holes 925 are provided with rear-valve body circulation hole reinforcement ribs 926, and the front-valve body circulation holes 927 are provided with front-valve body circulation hole reinforcement ribs 928. The open end of the valve core 910 is provided with a corresponding open-end gas flow port 940, a corresponding lower flow port 950 (rear gas flow port) is provided below the valve body rear flow port 925, and an upper flow port 960 (front gas flow port) is provided above the valve body front flow port 927. The controlled device 930 causes the valve body 920 and valve core 910 to cyclically overlap and stagger the first and second sets of circumferential gas flow ports along the circumference of the valve core 910 and valve body 920 during engine operation. This allows the second set of circumferential gas flow ports to stagger when the first set of circumferential gas flow ports overlap, and then overlap when the first set of circumferential gas flow ports stagger.

[0080] By way of example only, FIG10 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary internal combustion engine short-distance gas valve device, as shown in FIG9 , provided in a gas turbine internal combustion engine according to some embodiments of this specification. The three-way internal combustion engine short-distance gas valve device provided in FIG10 is device 900, as shown in FIG9 . As shown in FIG10 , the gas turbine internal combustion engine is provided with two intake pipes: an air and fuel mixture intake pipe 10160-1 and an air intake pipe 10160-2. The open end gas flow port 940 of device 900 is connected to the compressor inlet 10170 of the internal combustion engine, the lower flow port 950 of device 900 is connected to the outlet of air intake pipe 10160-2, and the upper flow port 960 of device 900 is connected to the outlet of air and fuel mixture intake pipe 10160-1. The controlled device 930 (not shown in FIG. 10 ) of the device 900 causes the valve body 920 (not shown in FIG. 10 ) and valve core 910 (not shown in FIG. 10 ) of the device 100 to overlap and stagger the first and second groups of gas flow holes along the circumference of the valve core 910 and valve body 920 during the internal combustion engine intake process. This enables sequential intake of the gas turbine internal combustion engine, thereby preventing combustion of the air and fuel mixture in the intake line. Furthermore, the air and fuel mixture intake pipe 10160-1 can also be an exhaust gas and fuel mixture intake pipe, thereby further reducing nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions from the gas turbine internal combustion engine.

[0081] In some embodiments, the internal combustion engine short-distance gas valve device shown in FIG9 may be arranged at other locations within the gas turbine internal combustion engine, for example, at an intermediate stage of a multi-stage compressor.

[0082] In some embodiments, the sequential intake gas turbine internal combustion engine is a continuous combustion internal combustion engine, and the fuel is pulverized coal or a high vaporization enthalpy fuel, wherein the high vaporization enthalpy fuel is methanol, liquid ammonia, or an emulsion fuel of liquid fuel and water.

[0083] In some embodiments, a sequential intake gas turbine internal combustion engine includes two devices 100: a first device and a second device. The open gas flow ports of the valve cores 110 of the first and second devices are both connected to the compressor inlet. The external gas flow port of the valve body 120 of the first device is connected to the outlet of the air and fuel mixture intake pipe, while the external gas flow port of the valve body 120 of the second device is connected to the outlet of the air intake pipe. During operation of the internal combustion engine, a controlled device 130 causes the corresponding gas flow ports of the first device and the corresponding gas flow ports of the second device to cyclically overlap and stagger along the circumference of the respective valve cores 110 and valve bodies 120. By providing gas flow ports on the valve bodies of the two gas valve devices of the gas turbine internal combustion engine, sequential intake of the gas turbine internal combustion engine is achieved.

[0084] While the basic concepts have been described above, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the detailed disclosure is merely illustrative and does not limit this specification. Although not explicitly stated herein, various modifications, improvements, and revisions to this specification may be made by those skilled in the art. Such modifications, improvements, and revisions are suggested in this specification and remain within the spirit and scope of the exemplary embodiments of this specification.

[0085] This specification also uses specific terms to describe the embodiments of this specification. For example, "one embodiment," "an embodiment," and / or "some embodiments" refer to a feature, structure, or characteristic associated with at least one embodiment of this specification. Therefore, it should be emphasized and noted that references to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "an alternative embodiment" two or more times in different locations in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment. Furthermore, certain features, structures, or characteristics of one or more embodiments of this specification may be appropriately combined.

[0086] In addition, unless expressly stated in the claims, the order of the processing elements and sequences, the use of alphanumeric characters, or the use of other names described in this specification are not intended to limit the order of the processes and methods of this specification. Although the above disclosure discusses some of the invention embodiments currently considered useful through various examples, it should be understood that such details are for illustrative purposes only, and the appended claims are not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, the claims are intended to cover all modifications and equivalent combinations that are consistent with the spirit and scope of the embodiments of this specification. For example, although the system components described above can be implemented by hardware devices, they can also be implemented only by software solutions, such as installing the described system on an existing server or mobile device.

[0087] Similarly, it should be noted that, in order to simplify the presentation of this specification and thus facilitate understanding of one or more embodiments of the invention, the foregoing descriptions of the embodiments of this specification sometimes combine multiple features into a single embodiment, figure, or description thereof. However, this disclosure method does not imply that the subject matter of this specification requires more features than those recited in the claims. In fact, an embodiment may have fewer features than all of the features of a single disclosed embodiment.

[0088] In some embodiments, numbers are used to describe the quantity of components and attributes. It should be understood that such numbers used in the description of the embodiments are modified by the modifiers "about", "approximately" or "substantially" in some examples. Unless otherwise stated, "about", "approximately" or "substantially" indicate that the numbers are allowed to vary by ±20%. Accordingly, in some embodiments, the numerical parameters used in the description and claims are approximate values, which may change according to the required characteristics of individual embodiments. In some embodiments, the numerical parameters should take into account the specified significant digits and adopt the general method of retaining digits. Although the numerical domains and parameters used to confirm the breadth of their range in some embodiments of this specification are approximate values, in specific embodiments, the settings of such numerical values ​​are as accurate as possible within the feasible range.

[0089] Each patent, patent application, patent application publication, and other materials, such as articles, books, specifications, publications, and documents, cited in this specification is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. This includes application history documents that are inconsistent with or conflict with the content of this specification, as well as documents (currently or subsequently attached to this specification) that limit the broadest scope of the claims of this specification. It should be noted that if the descriptions, definitions, and / or terminology used in the accompanying materials are inconsistent or conflicting with the content of this specification, the descriptions, definitions, and / or terminology used in this specification will control.

[0090] Finally, it should be understood that the embodiments described in this specification are intended only to illustrate the principles of the embodiments of this specification. Other variations may also fall within the scope of this specification. Therefore, by way of example and not limitation, alternative configurations of the embodiments of this specification may be considered consistent with the teachings of this specification. Accordingly, the embodiments of this specification are not limited to the embodiments explicitly described and illustrated in this specification.

Claims

1. A short-distance gas valve device for a piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine, comprising: A valve core, wherein the valve core is a hollow cylinder, at least one of the two ends of the hollow cylinder is closed; a valve body, wherein the valve body is sleeved on the outside of the valve core, the valve core and the valve body are respectively provided with at least one group of gas circulation holes, each group of the at least one group of gas circulation holes is provided with at least two gas circulation holes, and a gas circulation port is provided outside the gas circulation holes of the valve body; and The controlled device is an intermittent controlled device configured to cause each group of gas flow holes to reciprocate along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body or to swing back and forth along the circumferential direction of the valve core and the valve body.

2. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 1, wherein: The controlled device is a cam controlled device connected to the timing gear of the internal combustion engine. The controlled device is also configured to cause the valve core or the valve body to reciprocate along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body or to swing back and forth along the circumferential direction of the valve core and the valve body.

3. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 1, wherein: The controlled device is an electromagnetic controlled device controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU), and the controlled device is also configured to cause the valve core or the valve body to reciprocate along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body or to swing back and forth along the circumferential direction of the valve core and the valve body.

4. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 1, wherein: There are multiple short-distance gas valve devices, and the number of the multiple short-distance gas valve devices is equal to the number of cylinders of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine.

5. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 4, wherein: For each of the plurality of short distance gas valve devices, The valve core moves along its circumference, and the at least one group of gas circulation holes includes at least one group of circumferential gas circulation holes of the valve core and the valve body, and the at least one group of circumferential gas circulation holes overlap and stagger along the circumference of the valve core and the valve body during the movement of the valve core. The controlled device is further configured to cause each group of circumferential gas flow holes of the short-distance gas valve device corresponding to the cylinder to overlap and stagger along the circumference of the valve core and the valve body according to the operating requirements of each cylinder of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine.

6. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 5, wherein: For each of the plurality of short distance gas valve devices, Each of the short-distance gas valve devices is a three-way valve, wherein both ends of the valve core include a closed end and an open end, the open end is provided with an open-end gas circulation port, the valve body and the valve core are correspondingly provided with two groups of circumferential gas circulation holes, the two groups of circumferential gas circulation holes include a first group of circumferential flow holes below the valve body and a second group of circumferential flow holes above the valve body, the first group of circumferential flow holes is provided with a first gas circulation port outside, and the second group of circumferential flow holes is provided with a second gas circulation port outside; and The controlled device of each short-distance gas valve device is further configured to: staggering the second set of circumferential flow holes when the first set of circumferential flow holes overlap; and The second group of circumferential flow holes is made to overlap when the first group of circumferential flow holes are staggered.

7. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 6, wherein: The piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharged internal combustion engine; and The open end gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is connected to the corresponding exhaust passage of the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharging internal combustion engine, the first gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is connected to the inlet of the turbine of the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharging internal combustion engine, and the second gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is connected to the outlet of the turbine of the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust supercharging internal combustion engine.

8. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 6, wherein: The piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder sequential exhaust two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine; and The open end gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is connected to the corresponding exhaust passage of the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine, the first gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is connected to the inlet of the high-stage turbine of the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine, and the second gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is connected to the inlet of the low-stage turbine of the multi-cylinder sequential exhaust two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine.

9. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 8, wherein: The multi-cylinder sequential exhaust two-stage supercharged internal combustion engine is an aircraft internal combustion engine, and the controlled device in each short-distance gas valve device is further configured as follows: Each group of circumferential gas flow holes is made to overlap or stagger along the circumference of the valve core and the valve body according to the operating altitude of the aircraft internal combustion engine.

10. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 6, wherein: The piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder sequential air intake piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine; and The open end gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is communicated with the intake passage of the corresponding cylinder of the multi-cylinder sequential intake piston supercharged internal combustion engine, the first gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is communicated with the outlet of the low-oxygen content intake pipe of the multi-cylinder sequential intake piston supercharged internal combustion engine, and the second gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is communicated with the outlet of the air intake pipe of the multi-cylinder sequential intake piston supercharged internal combustion engine, wherein the low-oxygen content intake pipe is a mixed intake pipe of exhaust gas and fuel for exhaust gas recirculation, or a mixed intake pipe of water vapor, fuel and air.

11. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 4, wherein: For each of the plurality of short distance gas valve devices, The valve core moves along its axial direction, and the at least one group of gas circulation holes includes at least one group of axial gas circulation holes of the valve core and the valve body, and the at least one group of axial gas circulation holes overlaps and staggers along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body during the movement of the valve core. The controlled device is further configured to cause each group of axial gas flow holes of the short-distance gas valve device corresponding to the cylinder to overlap and stagger along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body according to the operating requirements of each cylinder of the piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine.

12. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 11, wherein: For each of the plurality of short distance gas valve devices, Each short-distance gas valve device is a two-way valve, wherein the two ends of the valve core include a closed end and an open end, the open end is provided with an open-end gas flow port, the valve body and the valve core are correspondingly provided with a group of axial gas flow holes, and a third gas flow port is provided outside the group of axial gas flow holes; and The controlled device is further configured to make the group of axial gas flow holes overlap and stagger along the axial directions of the valve core and the valve body.

13. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 12, wherein: The piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine; as well as The open end gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is connected to the intake pipe of the multi-cylinder variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine, and the third gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is connected to the intake duct of the corresponding cylinder of the multi-cylinder variable Miller cycle supercharged internal combustion engine.

14. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 11, wherein: For each of the plurality of short distance gas valve devices, Each short-distance gas valve device is a single-port valve, the valve core is closed at both ends, the valve body and the valve core are correspondingly provided with a group of axial gas flow holes, and a fourth gas flow port is provided outside the group of axial gas flow holes; and The controlled device is further configured to make the group of axial gas flow holes overlap and stagger along the axial directions of the valve core and the valve body.

15. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 14, wherein: The piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is a multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine; The fourth gas flow port of each short-distance gas valve device is in communication with a corresponding cylinder of the multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine; and The controlled device of each short-distance gas valve device is also configured to make the group of axial gas flow holes of each short-distance gas valve device overlap and stagger along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body according to the operating altitude of the multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine.

16. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 15, wherein: The multi-cylinder variable compression ratio internal combustion engine is an aircraft internal combustion engine, and the controlled device of each short-distance gas valve device is also configured to make the group of axial gas flow holes overlap and stagger along the axial direction of the valve core and the valve body according to the operating altitude of the aircraft internal combustion engine.

17. The short distance gas valve device according to claim 4, wherein: A pressure release hole is provided at one end of the valve core inner cavity of each of the multiple short-distance gas valve devices, and the multiple valve core inner cavities of the multiple short-distance gas valve devices are connected to each other through a connecting pipe.

18. The short-distance gas valve device according to claim 1, wherein: The piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine is an aircraft internal combustion engine that meets preset conditions, wherein the preset conditions include at least one of a boost ratio greater than 6 and a maximum compression ratio greater than 25.

19. A piston-type supercharged internal combustion engine comprising the short-distance gas valve device according to any one of claims 1 to 18.

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