Data transmission method and apparatus

Abstract

A data transmission method and apparatus. The method comprises: a sending end device maps a client signal or a first data frame onto a second data frame, and sends the second data frame, the bit rate of the second data frame being n times a reference rate, the reference rate being 100.844 Gbit / s or 100.622 Gbit / s, and n being a positive integer. The technical solutions of the present application can be applied to the field of optical communications. By means of mapping a client signal or a first data frame onto a second data frame and sending same, which helps reduce the difference in reference rate between a FlexO frame carrying an ODU signal and a FlexO frame directly carrying an Ethernet service signal, unifying FlexO interfaces applied to different scenarios, the same optical module can be used with different devices, thereby helping to reduce optical module costs, and also helping to reduce OTN device costs.

Description

Method and device for transmitting data

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on March 22, 2024, with application number 202410350552.9 and invention name “Method and Device for Transmitting Data”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the field of optical transport networks, and more specifically, to a method and device for transmitting data. Background Art

[0003] Optical networks are a type of transport network that enables the transmission, multiplexing, routing, and monitoring of service data. Optical networks are gradually evolving toward ultra-high-speed transmission technologies, with 100G and 400G optical transport network (OTN) technologies becoming the primary choice for transmission networks. Furthermore, OTN technologies, specifically designed for ultra-high-bandwidth transmission and capable of transmission speeds exceeding 1T, are also under research and development.

[0004] In current technical solutions, when mapping customer signals to flexible bandwidth OTN (FlexO) interfaces that support high-speed transmission, they need to go through multiple layers of mapping processing. This results in a higher bit rate on the FlexO interface, increasing the difference between the data transmission rate in OTN and that in Ethernet, thereby increasing OTN costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present application provides a method and apparatus for transmitting data, which can reduce the difference in base rates between FlexO frames carrying optical data unit (ODU) signals and FlexO frames directly carrying Ethernet service signals, thereby helping to reduce the cost of optical modules and OTN equipment.

[0006] In a first aspect, a method for transmitting data is provided. The method can be performed by a transmitting device or a component of the transmitting device (such as a chip or chip system, etc.), and is not limited in this application. The method includes: mapping a client signal or a first data frame to a second data frame, where the bit rate of the second data frame is n times a reference rate, where the reference rate is greater than the first bit rate and less than the second bit rate, the first bit rate is 100 Gbit / s, the second bit rate is 105.258 Gbit / s, and n is a positive integer; and transmitting the second data frame.

[0007] In the above technical solution, by mapping the first data frame into a second data frame with a base rate greater than 100 Gbit / s and less than 105.258 Gbit / s and sending it, it helps to reduce the base rate difference between the FlexO frame carrying the ODU signal and the FlexO frame directly carrying the Ethernet service signal, thereby helping to reduce the cost of optical modules and OTN equipment.

[0008] In a second aspect, a method for transmitting data is provided. The method can be performed by a receiving device or a component of the receiving device (such as a chip or chip system, etc.), and is not limited in this application. The method includes: receiving a second data frame, where the bit rate of the second data frame is n times a reference rate, where the reference rate is greater than a first bit rate and less than a second bit rate, the first bit rate is 100 Gbit / s, the second bit rate is 105.258 Gbit / s, and n is a positive integer; and demapping the second data frame to obtain a client signal or the first data frame.

[0009] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect, the reference rate is 100.844 Gbit / s±x*100 ppm, where x is an integer greater than 0 and less than 10.

[0010] More specifically, the reference rate may be a reference rate of a payload area of ​​a FlexO frame, that is, the second data frame is a FlexO frame that does not include an overhead area.

[0011] In the above technical solution, the base rate difference between FlexO frames carrying ODU signals and FlexO frames directly carrying Ethernet service signals is only 0.3% to 0.4%. This helps to unify FlexO interfaces used in different scenarios, thereby reducing the cost of optical modules and OTN equipment.

[0012] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect, the reference rate is 100.622 Gbit / s±x*100 ppm, where x is an integer greater than 0 and less than 10.

[0013] More specifically, the reference rate may be the reference rate of the entire FlexO frame (ie, including the overhead area and the payload area).

[0014] In the above technical solution, the base rate between the FlexO frames carrying ODU signals and the FlexO frames directly carrying Ethernet service signals is the same, which helps to unify the FlexO interfaces in different application scenarios. It can not only reduce the cost of optical modules and OTN equipment, but also minimize the processing cost of OTN equipment.

[0015] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect, the second data frame includes n sub-data frames, the overhead area of ​​each sub-data frame in the n sub-data frames includes 5*M byte blocks, and the payload area of ​​each sub-data frame includes (2570*M*m-5*M) byte blocks, each byte block includes 32 / M bytes, m is an integer greater than 1, and M is equal to 1 or 2.

[0016] The above technical solution can reduce the overhead ratio of the second data frame, thereby reducing the bit rate of the second data frame, which helps to improve the rate when transmitting client signals in the OTN. In addition, the payload area of ​​the second data frame is divided into multiple byte blocks in units of 16 bytes or 32 bytes, so that the first data frame can be mapped to the sub-data frame at a granularity of 16 bytes or 32 bytes. Furthermore, the OTN equipment can interleave the sub-data frame at a granularity of 16 bytes or 32 bytes to obtain the second data frame, which helps to reduce the processing complexity of the OTN equipment during data mapping and frame interleaving, thereby improving data processing efficiency and reducing processing costs.

[0017] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect, the overhead area of ​​the second data frame includes 5*M byte blocks, and the payload area of ​​the second data frame includes n*m*2570*M byte blocks, each byte block includes 32 / M bytes, m is an integer greater than 1, and M is equal to 1 or 2.

[0018] The above technical solution can reduce the overhead ratio of the second data frame, thereby reducing the bit rate of the second data frame, which helps to improve the rate when transmitting client signals in the OTN. In addition, the payload area of ​​the second data frame is divided into multiple byte blocks in units of 16 bytes or 32 bytes, so that the first data frame can be mapped to the second data frame at a granularity of 16 bytes or 32 bytes, thereby reducing the processing complexity of the subsequent interleaving of multiple second data frames.

[0019] In a possible implementation, the second data frame includes multiple rows, each row including an overhead area of ​​x*16 bytes or x*8 bytes and a payload area of ​​5130*16 bytes, where x is an integer greater than or equal to 1.

[0020] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect, the ratio of the payload area size of the first data frame to the total size of the first data frame is (239*P-1) / 239*P, where P is a positive integer.

[0021] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect, the bit rate of the first data frame is N*100.416 Gbit / s, or the bit rate of the first data frame is N*100.422 Gbit / s, where N is a positive integer.

[0022] In the above technical solution, the use of a low-rate first data frame helps to save power consumption required in the mapping process, reduces processing costs, and thus reduces the overall cost of the OTN equipment.

[0023] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect, the overhead area of ​​the second data frame includes multiplexing section monitoring (SM) overhead and / or multiplexing structure indication (MSI) overhead.

[0024] In combination with the first aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect, sending the second data frame includes: sending the second data frame through p flexible bandwidth optical transport network FlexO interfaces, where the bit rate of each of the p FlexO interfaces is one of 100G, 200G, 400G, 800G, 1.2T, 1.6T, 2.4T or 3.2T, and p is a positive integer less than or equal to n.

[0025] In the above technical solution, by configuring different bit rates for the FlexO interface, transmission services can be provided for client signals of various different bit rates.

[0026] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect, the second data frame is a FlexO frame.

[0027] In combination with the first aspect or the second aspect, in certain implementations of the first aspect or the second aspect, the first data frame is an ODUflex frame.

[0028] In the above technical solution, by mapping the client signal to the first data frame and then mapping it to the FlexO frame and sending it, the client signal does not need to be mapped to the FlexO frame via ODUCn, which helps to reduce the rate increase when transmitting the client signal in OTN.

[0029] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a device for transmitting data. The device is used to execute the method provided in the first aspect above, or to execute the method provided in the second aspect above. Specifically, the device may include units and / or modules for executing the method provided in the first aspect or any one of the above-mentioned implementations of the first aspect, or the device may include units and / or modules, such as a processing module and a transceiver module, for executing the method provided in the second aspect or any one of the above-mentioned implementations of the second aspect.

[0030] In one implementation, the apparatus for transmitting data may include units and / or modules for executing the method provided in the first aspect or any of the aforementioned implementations of the first aspect, and may be a transmitting device. The transceiver module may be a transceiver or an input / output interface. The processing module may be at least one processor. Alternatively, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Alternatively, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0031] Alternatively, the data transmission device may be a chip, chip system, or circuit in a transmitting device. The transceiver module may be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit. The processing module may be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit.

[0032] In another implementation, the data transmission apparatus may include units and / or modules for executing the method provided in the second aspect or any of the aforementioned implementations of the second aspect, and may be a receiving device. The transceiver module may be a transceiver or an input / output interface. The processing module may be at least one processor. Alternatively, the transceiver may be a transceiver circuit. Alternatively, the input / output interface may be an input / output circuit.

[0033] Alternatively, the data transmission device may be a chip, chip system, or circuit in a receiving device. The transceiver module may be an input / output interface, interface circuit, output circuit, input circuit, pin, or related circuit on the chip, chip system, or circuit. The processing module may be at least one processor, processing circuit, or logic circuit.

[0034] In a fourth aspect, a processor is provided for executing the methods provided in the above aspects.

[0035] For the operations such as sending and acquiring / receiving involved in the processor, unless otherwise specified, or if they do not conflict with their actual functions or internal logic in the relevant descriptions, they can be understood as processor output, reception, input and other operations, and can also be understood as sending and receiving operations performed by the radio frequency circuit and antenna. This application does not limit this.

[0036] In a fifth aspect, an optical module is provided, comprising a signal processor and an optical transmitter assembly. The signal processor is configured to execute the method provided in the first aspect or any one of the aforementioned implementations of the first aspect to obtain a second data frame. The optical transmitter assembly is configured to convert the second data frame into an optical signal and transmit the optical signal.

[0037] In a sixth aspect, an optical module is provided, comprising a signal processor and an optical transmitting assembly. The optical receiving assembly is configured to receive an optical signal and convert the optical signal into a second data frame; and the signal processor is configured to perform the method provided in the second aspect or any one of the aforementioned implementations of the second aspect to demap the second data frame.

[0038] In a seventh aspect, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores program code for execution by a device, the program code including a method for executing any one of the implementations of the first or second aspect.

[0039] In an eighth aspect, a computer program product comprising instructions is provided. When the computer program product is run on a computer or a processor, the computer or processor is caused to execute the method provided in any one of the implementations of the first or second aspect.

[0040] In a ninth aspect, a chip is provided. The chip includes a processor and a communication interface, wherein the processor reads instructions stored in a memory through the communication interface and executes the method provided in any one of the implementations of the first or second aspect.

[0041] Optionally, as an implementation method, the chip also includes a memory, in which a computer program or instruction is stored, and the processor is used to execute the computer program or instruction stored in the memory. When the computer program or instruction is executed, the processor is used to execute the method provided in any one of the implementation methods of the first or second aspect above.

[0042] The beneficial effects brought about by the third to ninth aspects mentioned above can be specifically referred to the description of the beneficial effects in the first or second aspect, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0043] FIG1 is a schematic block diagram of an optical network architecture;

[0044] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of an OTN device hardware structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0045] FIG3 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an optical module provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG4 shows a schematic flow chart of a process for transmitting a client signal;

[0047] FIG5 is a schematic flow chart of a method for transmitting data provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0048] FIG6 is a schematic diagram of a FlexO frame structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0049] FIG7 is another schematic diagram of a FlexO frame structure provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0050] FIG8 is a schematic diagram showing the improvement of the bit rate during the process of encapsulating data into FlexO in an embodiment of the present application;

[0051] FIG9 is another schematic diagram of increasing the bit rate during data encapsulation into FlexO in an embodiment of the present application;

[0052] FIG10 is a schematic diagram of mapping multiple ODUs into FlexO in an embodiment of the present application;

[0053] FIG11 is another schematic flowchart of a method for transmitting data provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0054] FIG12 is a schematic block diagram of a device for transmitting data provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0055] FIG13 is a schematic block diagram of an OTN device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0056] The technical solution in this application will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0057] The embodiments of the present application are applicable to optical networks, such as OTN. An OTN is usually composed of multiple devices connected by optical fibers and can be formed into different topologies such as linear, ring, and mesh according to specific needs.

[0058] Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of an OTN optical network system applicable to embodiments of the present application. As shown in Figure 1 , OTN 100 includes eight interconnected OTN devices 101, namely, devices A and H. Reference numeral 102 indicates an optical fiber used to connect two devices; 103 indicates a customer service interface used to receive or transmit customer service data. As shown in Figure 1 , OTN 100 is used to transmit service data for customer devices 1-3. Customer devices 1-3 can be Ethernet devices, and the service data can be Ethernet service data. Customer devices connect to OTN devices via customer service interfaces. For example, in Figure 1 , customer devices 1-3 are connected to OTN devices A, H, and F, respectively.

[0059] Depending on actual needs, an OTN device may have different functions. Generally speaking, OTN devices are divided into optical layer devices, electrical layer devices, and optoelectronic hybrid devices. Optical layer devices refer to devices that can process optical layer signals, such as optical amplifiers and optical add-drop multiplexers. Optical amplifiers are used to amplify optical signals to support transmission over longer distances while ensuring the specific performance of optical signals. Optical add-drop multiplexers are used to spatially transform optical signals so that they can be output from different output ports (sometimes also called directions). Electrical layer devices refer to devices that can process electrical layer signals, such as devices that can process OTN signals. Optoelectronic hybrid devices refer to devices that have the ability to process optical layer signals and electrical layer signals. It should be noted that, depending on specific integration needs, an OTN device can integrate multiple different functions. The technical solution provided in this application is applicable to OTN devices of different forms and integration levels that include electrical layer functions.

[0060] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an OTN device provided in an embodiment of the present application. For example, the OTN device may be OTN device 101 shown in Figure 1. Specifically, the OTN device may include one or more of a tributary board, a line board, and a cross-connect board. It may also include a system control board and one or more of a power supply, a fan, and an auxiliary board. A line board may also be an optical layer processing board. Depending on specific needs, the type and number of boards included in each device may vary. For example, an OTN device serving as a core node may not have any tributary boards. An OTN device serving as an edge node may have multiple tributary boards. Power supply boards are used to power the OTN device and may include primary and backup power supplies. Fan boards are used to dissipate heat. Auxiliary boards provide auxiliary functions such as external alarms or access to external clocks. Tributary boards, cross-connect boards, and line boards primarily process OTN electrical layer signals (also known as OTN frames). Tributary boards are used to receive and transmit various client signals. Client signals may include constant bit rate (CBR) signals (e.g., synchronous digital hierarchy (SDH) signals) and packet signals (e.g., Ethernet signals). Furthermore, the tributary board may include a client-side optical module and a signal processor. The client-side optical module is used to receive and / or transmit client signals. The signal processor is used to map and demap client signals into OTN frames. The signal processor may be located inside or outside the client-side optical module. If the signal processor is a combination of multiple chips, one (or some) of the chips may be inside the client-side optical module, while the other chips may be located outside. The cross-connect board is used to switch OTN frames, for example, switching one or more types of OTN frames. The line board primarily processes line-side OTN frames. Specifically, the line board may include a line-side optical module and a signal processor. The line-side optical module is used to receive and / or transmit optical signals carrying OTN frames. The signal processor is used to multiplex and demultiplex, or map and demap, OTN frames on the line side. The signal processor can be located inside or outside the line-side optical module. If the signal processor is a combination of multiple chips, one (or some) chips are located inside the line-side optical module, while the others are located outside. Client-side optical modules and line-side optical modules are also collectively referred to as optical modules or optical transceivers.The signal processor in the client-side optical module or the line-side optical module can be an optical digital signal processor (oDSP) or a framer, or a combination of a Framer and an oDSP. The system control board is used for system control. Specifically, the system control board can collect information from different boards or send control instructions to the corresponding board. Unless otherwise specified, the specific components (such as the tributary board) can be one or more, and this application does not impose any restrictions.

[0061] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the hardware structure of an optical module provided in an embodiment of the present application. The optical module may include a signal processor, an optical transmitter component, and an optical receiver component. As described above, the signal processor may include a Framer or an oDSP, or a combination of a Framer and an oDSP. The optical module may be a unidirectional optical module, i.e., including either an optical transmitter component or an optical receiver component. The optical module may also be a bidirectional optical module, i.e., including both an optical transmitter component and an optical receiver component.

[0062] A framer, also known as a service chip or physical layer (PHY) chip, is primarily responsible for OTN electrical layer encapsulation / decapsulation (or mapping / demapping). It encapsulates client signals into OTN frames or decapsulates OTN frames to obtain client signals. For example, a framer can encapsulate client signals into ODUs, encapsulate low-rate ODUs into high-rate ODUs, encapsulate ODUs into FlexOs, or directly encapsulate client signals into FlexOs. Decapsulation is the reverse of encapsulation.

[0063] The oDSP performs digital signal processing on OTN frames generated by the Framer or on electrical signals received by the optical receiver. The oDSP performs one or more of the following processes: forward error correction (FEC), clock recovery, equalization, sequence detection, and signal decision making.

[0064] FEC is an error control method that encodes the signal according to a certain algorithm before it is sent into the transmission channel, adds redundant data with the signal's own characteristics, and decodes the received signal at the receiving end according to the corresponding algorithm to identify and correct the error codes generated during the transmission process.

[0065] Optical transmitter assembly (OTA), also known as a transmitter optical subassembly (TOSA), is used to convert electrical signals into optical signals. The OTA may include a light source, a driver chip, a modulator, and other components. The light source can be a semiconductor laser (also known as a laser diode (LD) or a light-emitting diode (LED). The driver chip processes the electrical signal generated by the oDSP and drives the light source to emit a modulated optical signal. The modulated optical signal is then transmitted to the optical fiber line via the optical fiber interface.

[0066] Optical receiver assembly: Also known as the receiver optical subassembly (ROSA), it converts optical signals into electrical signals. The optical receiver assembly may include a photodetector and amplifier. The photodetector may be an avalanche photodiode (APD) or a PIN photodiode. The amplifier may include a preamplifier and a postamplifier. After the optical signal enters the optical fiber interface, the photodetector converts it into an electrical signal, which is then output by the amplifier.

[0067] It should be noted that the client signal mentioned above can refer to services carried by an optical transport network or a metropolitan area transport network, such as Ethernet services, packet services, and wireless backhaul services. Client signals can also be referred to as client-side signals, client signals, service signals, service data, customer data, or customer service data.

[0068] It should also be noted that the OTN frame involved in the embodiments of the present application is used to carry various customer signals and provide rich management and monitoring functions. The OTN frame can be an optical payload unit (OPU), an ODU, an optical transport unit (OTU), a flexible OTN (FlexO) frame, etc. The OPU can be OPUk, OPUCn, or OPUflex, the ODU can be ODUk, ODUCn, or ODUflex, and the OTU can be OTUk or OTUCn. Among them, the OTU frame includes the ODU frame and the OTU overhead, and the ODU frame includes the OPU frame and the ODU overhead. k represents different rate levels. For example, k=1 represents 2.5Gbit / s, k=1 represents a bit rate of 2.5Gbit / s, k=2 represents a bit rate of 10Gbit / s, k=3 represents a bit rate of 40Gbit / s, k=4 represents 100Gbit / s, and k=2e represents 10Gbit / s. Cn represents a variable rate, specifically a rate that is a positive integer multiple of 100Gbit / s. Flex means flexible. OTUCn, OPUCn, and ODUCn can include n subframes. For example, ODUCn includes n ODUCs, and the rate of each ODUC is approximately 100G (specifically 105 258 138.053 kbit / s). FlexO frames can also include FlexO instance frames (FlexO instance) and FlexO interface frames (such as FlexO-n, FlexO-ne, FlexO-x-FEC, and FlexO-x-FEC-m). It should also be pointed out that with the development of optical transport network technology, new types of OTN frames may be defined, which are also applicable to this application. For example, ODUflexn and FlexO-no defined in the embodiments of this application.

[0069] As mentioned above, when transmitting client signals of the same rate over traditional OTN and Ethernet, the multi-layer mapping of client signals (such as ODUk, ODUflex, Ethernet service signals, or other service signals) to the FlexO interface typically increases the rate of the FlexO interface compared to the rate of Ethernet interfaces transmitting data at the same rate. In other words, when transmitting client signals of the same rate, the amount of data required to be transmitted per unit time on the OTN is greater than that required on the Ethernet interface.

[0070] Figure 4 shows a schematic flow chart of the process of transmitting customer signals through traditional OTN. In the process of transmitting 100Gbit / s Ethernet (100GE) service signals, if the 64b / 66b encoding method is used to encode the customer signal to generate a 66-bit code block data stream, and then the 66-bit code block data stream is mapped to OPU4 and encapsulated into ODU4, compared with the 100Gbit / s Ethernet service signal, it will result in When ODU4 is mapped to OPUCn and then encapsulated into ODUCn, it will result in a 100Gbit / s Ethernet service signal. When ODUCn is mapped to FlexO frame, it will result in 100Gbit / s Ethernet service signal. When transmitting service signals greater than 100GE (such as 400GE and 800GE), if 64b / 66b encoding is used to generate a 66-bit block data stream and then mapped to ODUflex, the rate can be increased by 3.56% compared to Ethernet service signals. Mapping ODUflex to OPUCn and encapsulating it in ODUCn can result in a 5.26% rate increase compared to Ethernet service signals. Mapping ODUCn to FlexO frames can also result in a 5.64% rate increase compared to Ethernet service signals.

[0071] As can be seen above, when client signals are transmitted in OTN, on the one hand, the client signals to be carried are transmitted in the form of a 66-bit code block data stream obtained through 64b / 66b encoding. In other words, each 64-bit data needs to be encoded as a 66-bit code block for transmission, resulting in an increase in data rate. On the other hand, since the client signals need to be encapsulated in multiple layers, corresponding overhead is added during each encapsulation process, resulting in an increase in data rate. In particular, when mapping ODUk or ODUflex to FlexO, it is necessary to first map ODUk or ODUflex to ODUCn, then map ODUCn to OTUCn, and finally map OTUCn to FlexO. Because FlexO needs to meet different interfaces, and each interface has different FEC requirements, the FlexO interface (i.e., the ODUCn adaptation sublayer) is decoupled from various specific FECs. After the FlexO interface is decoupled from FEC, the multiplex section function of traditional ODUCn is redundant for FlexO. In this case, if the ODUk or ODUflex is still mapped to FlexO through ODUCn with multiplex section overhead, it will only lead to unnecessary rate increase.

[0072] In order to reduce the bit rate of FlexO frames, an embodiment of the present application provides a method and related equipment for transmitting data. After encoding the client signal using a new encoding method, the client signal is mapped into a new ODUflex (hereinafter referred to as ODUflexn) frame, and then the ODUflexn frame is directly mapped into a new FlexO (hereinafter referred to as FlexO-no) frame. On the one hand, it can avoid the rate increase brought about by the overhead introduced by multi-layer encapsulation, and on the other hand, it can reduce the rate increase introduced by encoding, thereby reducing the difference between the OTN transmission data rate and the Ethernet transmission data rate. The OTN device provided by this application can use the same optical module as the Ethernet device, so that the same optical module can be used for different devices, which is beneficial to reducing the cost of the optical module. In addition, the use of low-rate ODUflexn can also save power consumption and reduce processing costs, thereby reducing the cost of OTN equipment as a whole.

[0073] The following describes in detail the data transmission method provided by the present application in conjunction with Figures 5 to 11.

[0074] FIG5 shows a schematic flow chart of a method for transmitting data according to an embodiment of the present application. The method 500 shown in FIG5 can be executed by the OTN device shown in FIG1 or the OTN device shown in FIG2. More specifically, the method can be executed by a transmitting device and includes:

[0075] S510 , mapping a client signal or a first data frame into a second data frame, wherein a bit rate of the second data frame is n times a reference rate, wherein the reference rate is greater than the first bit rate and less than the second bit rate, and n is a positive integer.

[0076] The first bit rate is 100 Gbit / s, and the second bit rate is 105.258 Gbit / s.

[0077] In some implementations, the client signal may include one or more of an Ethernet service signal, a packet service, and a wireless backhaul service received from a client-side device. In other implementations, the client signal may also include an OTN signal received from a client-side device, such as ODUk, ODUflex, or ODUflexn.

[0078] The first data frame may be generated by a transmitting device. For example, the transmitting device receives a client signal and maps the client signal to the first data frame. In one example, the transmitting device receives client signals such as Ethernet service signals, packet services, and wireless backhaul services, and then maps the client signals to the first data frame. In another example, the transmitting device receives client signals such as ODUk and ODUflex, demaps the ODUk and ODUflex client signals to obtain data carried by the client signals, and then maps the data to the first data frame.

[0079] Exemplarily, the first data frame may be a first OPU or a first ODU, such as ODUflexn. When the client signal is an ODUflexn received from a client-side device, the client signal may be regarded as the first data frame, that is, the transmitting device may directly map the client signal into the second data frame.

[0080] The second data frame may be a FlexO frame, for example, a FlexO-no frame including a FlexO-no payload and a FlexO-no overhead. Therefore, mapping the first data frame to the second data frame in step S510 may be mapping the first OPU or the first ODU to the FlexO-no payload; alternatively, mapping the first data frame to the second data frame in step S510 may be mapping the first OPU or the first ODU to the FlexO-no frame.

[0081] It should be noted that in this application, both "frames" and "signals" are used to carry services. "Frames" primarily refer to the data structure that carries services. When "frames" are transmitted in the OTN, they are also referred to as "signals." In the following description, no special distinction is made between "frames" and "signals." When describing the data structure that carries services, such as ODU frames, the term "frame" can be understood.

[0082] In order to ensure that the bit rate of the second data frame meets the above rate requirements, the frame structure of the second data frame provided in the embodiment of the present application can have the following two forms:

[0083] Form 1:

[0084] The second data frame can be formed by interweaving n sub-data frames (such as FlexO instance frames), the overhead (OH) area of ​​the FlexO instance frame includes 5*M byte blocks, and the payload area of ​​the FlexO instance frame includes (2570*M*m-5*M) byte blocks, where m is an integer greater than 1, and each byte block includes 16 or 32 bytes, that is, M is equal to 1 or 2, so that the overhead ratio of the FlexO instance frame provided in the embodiment of the present application is reduced to

[0085] In one example, the payload and overhead areas of a FlexO instance frame are divided into 16-byte blocks, so that the first data frame is mapped into the FlexO instance frame at a 16-byte granularity. That is, the overhead area of ​​the FlexO instance frame is divided into 10-byte blocks, and the payload area of ​​the FlexO instance frame is divided into (5140m-10)-byte blocks. In another example, the payload and overhead areas of a FlexO instance frame are divided into 32-byte blocks, so that the first data frame is mapped into the FlexO instance frame at a 32-byte granularity. That is, the overhead area of ​​the FlexO instance frame is divided into 5-byte blocks, and the payload area of ​​the FlexO instance frame is divided into (2570m-5)-byte blocks.

[0086] Figure 6 shows an example of interleaving n FlexO instance frames when m is 2. When m is 2, the overhead ratio of the FlexO instance frame is reduced to approximately 0.1%, that is, every 100 Gbit / s of data in the FlexO instance frame only includes approximately 100 Mbit / s of overhead. Therefore, when the payload area carries the same amount of data, the bit rate of the FlexO instance frame provided by the embodiment of the present application is lower than the bit rate of the traditional FlexO instance frame.

[0087] Form 2:

[0088] The overhead area of ​​the second data frame includes 5M byte blocks, and the payload area of ​​the second data frame may include n*m*2570M byte blocks, where m is an integer greater than 1, and each byte block includes 16 or 32 bytes, that is, M is equal to 1 or 2.

[0089] In one example, the payload area and overhead area of ​​the second data frame are divided into 16-byte blocks, so that the first data frame is mapped to the second data frame with a granularity of 16 bytes. That is, the overhead area of ​​the second data frame is divided into 10-byte blocks, and the payload area of ​​the second data frame is divided into n*m*5140 byte blocks. In another example, the payload area and overhead area of ​​the second data frame are divided into 32-byte blocks, so that the first data frame is mapped to the second data frame with a granularity of 32 bytes. That is, the overhead area of ​​the second data frame is divided into 5-byte blocks, and the payload area of ​​the second data frame is divided into n*m*2570 byte blocks. That is, the size of the second data frame is: (10+n*m*5140)*16 bytes. For FlexO-no frames of any rate, its overhead bandwidth is fixed at 100 Mbit / s. For example, if n is 16, that is, when the bit rate of the second data frame is 1.6T, its overhead bandwidth is fixed at 100 Mbit / s; if n is 24, that is, when the bit rate of the second data frame is 2.4T, its overhead bandwidth is also fixed at 100 Mbit / s; if n is 36, that is, when the bit rate of the second data frame is 3.6T, its overhead bandwidth is also fixed at 100 Mbit / s. Figure 7 shows the structure of the second data frame when m is 2.

[0090] Optionally, the overhead area of ​​the second data frame provided by form one or form two may further include a multiplexing section monitoring (SM) overhead and / or a multiplexing structure identifier (MSI) overhead, wherein the multiplexing section monitoring overhead completes the multiplexing section layer monitoring function, and the multiplexing structure identifier overhead completes the time slot multiplexing structure indication of the second data frame. More specifically, the SM overhead includes one or more of a trail trace identifier (TTI), a bit interleaved parity-8 (BIP-8) code, a backward error indication (BEI), a backward defect indication (BDI), and a status indication (STAT); the MSI overhead may include one or more of a payload type (PT), a time slot occupancy indication (OCCU), and a tributary port ID (TPID).

[0091] To reduce the processing cost of the OTN device, taking the first data frame as the first ODU (or ODUflexn) as an example, the frame structure of the first data frame provided in the embodiment of the present application may include the following two types:

[0092] Type 1: The ratio of the payload portion of the first ODU to the first ODU is 238 / 239.

[0093] The second type: The ratio of the payload part of the first ODU to the first ODU is (239*Q-1) / 239*Q, where Q is an integer greater than 1. More specifically, the first ODU may include 4 rows of Q*3824 byte columns, where the first 16 byte columns in the Q*3824 byte columns are the OH area, and the remaining (Q*3824-16) byte columns are the payload area. When Q is 2, the ratio of the payload part of the first ODU to the first ODU is 477 / 478; when Q is 4, the ratio of the payload part of the first ODU to the first ODU is 955 / 956. In the following description, the ratio of the payload part of the first ODU to the first ODU in the second frame structure is 955 / 956 as an example.

[0094] The above describes the structures of the first data frame and the second data frame. The following details the changes in the bit rate when the transmitting device maps the client signal to the first data frame and maps the first data frame to the second data frame:

[0095] (1) Bit rate change when mapping the client signal to the first data frame

[0096] In some implementations, when the client signal is an Ethernet service signal, mapping the client signal to the first data frame may be: encoding the client signal using a 256b / 257b compression encoding method to obtain a continuous 257b code block data stream. In this case, the bit rate of the 257b code block data stream is Where V is the bit rate of the client signal, for example, 100 Gbit / s, 200 Gbit / s, 400 Gbit / s, 800 Gbit / s, 1.2 Tbit / s, or 1.6 Tbit / s. Furthermore, the 257b code block stream is mapped to the first data frame using a generic mapping procedure (GMP) or an idle mapping procedure (IMP).

[0097] For the first ODU of the first frame structure, its bit rate can be Its payload rate is N is a positive integer. In some implementations, the payload area of ​​the first ODU of the first frame structure does not include a padding column, such that the bit rate of the first ODU is 100.844*N Gbit / s. When N is 1 and V is 100, one first ODU can fully carry a client signal of 100.391 Gbit / s, that is, one or more first ODUs can carry a client signal of 1.00391*V Gbit / s.

[0098] For the first ODU of the second frame structure, its payload area may include a padding column or may not include a padding column, so that the bit rate of its payload area is N times 100.416*Gbit / s, ensuring that one or more first ODUs can carry a client signal of 1.00391*V Gbit / s. In this way, the bit rate of the first ODU is

[0099] In some other implementations, when the client signal is an OTN signal such as ODUk or ODUflex, mapping the client signal to the first data frame may include: demapping the corresponding signal to obtain data, encoding the data using a 256b / 257b compression encoding method to obtain a continuous 257b code block data stream, and then mapping the 257b code block stream to the first data frame through GMP or IMP.

[0100] That is, when the bit rate of the client signal is 100 Gbit / s, the reference rate of the first ODU of the first frame structure is 100.844 Gbit / s, and the reference rate of the first ODU of the second frame structure is 100.521 Gbit / s.

[0101] It should be noted that this application does not limit the relationship between the parameter N representing the bit rate of the first ODU and the parameter n representing the bit rate of the second data frame. n can be less than N, for example, n=2, N=4, which can indicate that the first ODU with a bit rate of 4*100G is mapped to two second data frames of 2*100G; or n is equal to N, for example, n=4, N=4, which can indicate that the first ODU with a bit rate of 4*100G is mapped to a second data frame of 4*100G; or n is greater than N, for example, n=4, N=2, which means that the first ODU with a bit rate of 2*200G is mapped to a second data frame of 4*100G.

[0102] (2) Bit rate change when mapping the first data frame to the second data frame (taking the client signal bit rate of 100 Gbit / s as an example)

[0103] For the first ODU of the first frame structure, when it is mapped to the second data frame, the base rate of the second data frame is approximately Among them, x and m are both positive integers, that is, A few hundred ppm of space is added to the base frame structure so that its payload has enough bandwidth to carry the first ODU. Figure 8 shows the bit rate change when mapping a 100Gbit / s client signal to the first ODU of the first frame structure and then to the second data frame. When m is 2, the base rate of the second data frame is 100.936Gbit / s, which is only 0.001% higher than the base rate of FlexO-ne (when directly carrying Ethernet services, the base rate is 100.622Gbit / s).

[0104] For the first ODU of the second frame structure, when it is mapped to the second data frame, the base rate of the second data frame is approximately Wherein, x and m are both positive integers. In some implementations, as shown in FIG9 , when mapping the first ODU to the payload area of ​​the second data frame through GMP, data padding can be performed in the payload area to increase the base rate of the payload area of ​​the second data frame to 100.524 Gbit / s. Thus, when m is 2, the base rate of the second data frame is It is completely consistent with the existing FlexO-ne 100G benchmark rate, which can minimize processing costs.

[0105] In some implementations, the frame structure of each sub-data frame in the second data frame may also be consistent with the frame structure of a traditional FlexO instance frame, that is, the overhead area of ​​the second data frame includes 10*16 bytes, and the payload area of ​​the second data frame includes 5130*16 bytes. Then, taking the client signal bit rate of 100Gbit / s as an example, when mapping the first ODU of the first frame structure and the first ODU of the second frame structure to the second data frame, the base rates of the second data frame are respectively That is, the base rate of the second data frame is increased by as well as

[0106] The above details the bit rate changes during the mapping process of the client signal or the first data frame to the second data frame provided in the embodiment of the present application. The following describes the implementation method of mapping multiple first ODUs to the second data frame of form one (i.e., FlexO-no) in conjunction with Figure 10.

[0107] FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of mapping the first i ODU to a FlexO-no frame provided by an embodiment of the present application. As shown in FIG. 10, the first i ODU includes the first ODU #1, the second ODU #2,..., and the i-th ODU #i. Among them, the frame structures of the first i ODU may be the same or different. For example, the frame structures of the first i ODU may all be the first frame structure in the above embodiment; or the frame structures of the first i ODU may all be the second frame structure in the above; or the frame structures of some of the first i ODU may be the first frame structure, and the frame structures of the remaining first ODU may be the second frame structure. In addition, the bit rates of the first i ODU may be the same or different. For example, the bit rates of the first i ODU may be one or more of 100 Gbit / s, 200 Gbit / s, 400 Gbit / s, 800 Gbit / s, 1.2 Tbit / s, and 1.6 Tbit / s. At the same time, the client signals carried by the first i ODU may also be the same or different. For example, the first i ODU may carry one or more of Ethernet services, packet services, and wireless backhaul services. When the first i ODU are respectively mapped into the same FlexO-no frame, the FlexO-no frame is divided into n 100G time slots (time slot or tributary slot, TS), and each 100G time slot is provided by a 100G FlexO instance frame. That is, the FlexO-no frame includes n 100G FlexO instance frames, and each 100G FlexO instance frame corresponds to 1 100G time slot. Specifically, the GMP mapping method is used to map ODU #1 to n1 100G time slots. The n1 100G time slots may be any n1 of the n 100G time slots. For example, the x1-th time slot, the x2-th time slot,..., the xn1-th time slot, where x1 < x2 < xn1. It can be understood that the n1 time slots correspond to any n1 FlexO instance frames in FlexO-no, for example, the x1-th, x2-th,..., xn1-th. Similarly, the GMP mapping method is used to map ODU #2 to n2 100G time slots, that is, corresponding to n2 FlexO instance frames. The n2 FlexO instance frames may be any n2 of FlexO-no, assumed to be the y1-th, y2-th,..., yn2-th, that is, the y1-th time slot, the y2-th time slot,..., the yn2-th time slot, where y1 < y2 < yn2. And so on, the GMP mapping method is used to map ODU #i to n i 100G time slots, that is, corresponding to n i FlexO instance frames. The n i FlexO instance frames may be any n of FlexO-n iRoad, assuming it is the z1th road, z2th road, ..., znth road i path, that is, the z1th time slot, the z2th time slot, ..., the znth time slot i Time slot, where z1 <z2<zn i Subsequently, n1 FlexO instance frames, n2 FlexO instance frames, and so on. i FlexO instance frames are interwoven to form a FlexO-no frame, thereby ultimately achieving the mapping of the first ODU of channel i to the FlexO-no frame. Here, n≥n1+n2+…+ni.

[0108] For the second data frame of form 2, it can also be divided into n 100G time slots. For the first ODU of channel i shown in Figure 10, ODU#1 can be mapped to any n1 time slots in the n 100G time slots, and ODU#2 can be mapped to any n2 time slots in the remaining time slots in the n 100G time slots. Similarly, ODU#i can be mapped to any n2 time slots in the remaining time slots in the n 100G time slots. i timeslots, thereby realizing the mapping of the first ODU of channel i to the FlexO-no frame, where n≥n1+n2+…+ni.

[0109] S520: Send a second data frame.

[0110] In some implementations, the transmitting device sends the second data frame via p FlexO interfaces, where the bit rate of each FlexO interface is any one of 100G, 200G, 400G, 800G, 1.2T, 1.6T, 2.4T, or 3.2T, and p is a positive integer less than or equal to n. For example, n=3, p=3 may indicate that three FlexO interfaces with a bit rate of 100G send the second data frame at three times the reference rate; or n=3, p=2 may indicate that one FlexO interface with a bit rate of 100G and one FlexO interface with a bit rate of 200G send the second data frame at three times the reference rate; or n=3, p=1 may indicate that one FlexO interface with a bit rate of 400G, 800G, 1.2T, 1.6T, 2.4T, or 3.2T sends the second data frame at three times the reference rate.

[0111] The data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application helps to reduce the difference in reference rate between FlexO-no carrying ODU signals and FlexO-ne directly carrying Ethernet service signals by mapping customer signals to FlexO-no via ODUflexn. It can achieve the unification of FlexO interfaces used in different scenarios (such as FlexO interfaces used for end-to-end transmission in metropolitan area networks or backbone networks, and FlexO interfaces used for point-to-point transmission between data center interconnections), so that the same optical module can be used for both OTN equipment and Ethernet equipment, which is beneficial to reducing the cost of optical modules and further helps to reduce the cost of OTN equipment.

[0112] When the method 500 shown in FIG. 5 is applied to an OTN, when the receiving device receives the second data frame, the method 600 shown in FIG. 11 can be executed to obtain the client signal from the second data frame. The method 600 shown in FIG. 11 can be executed by the OTN device 101 shown in FIG. 1 or by the OTN device shown in FIG. 2 . More specifically, the method can be executed by the receiving device and includes:

[0113] S610: Receive a second data frame, where a bit rate of the second data frame is n times a reference rate, wherein the reference rate is greater than a first bit rate and less than a second bit rate, and n is a positive integer.

[0114] The first bit rate is 100 Gbit / s, and the second bit rate is 105.258 Gbit / s.

[0115] S620: Demap the second data frame to obtain a client signal or a first data frame.

[0116] The demapping process for the second data frame can be understood as the inverse of the mapping process described above for mapping the client signal or first data frame to the second data frame. For example, if the client signal or first data frame is mapped to the second data frame using GMP, the receiving device can determine the mapping location of the valid data carried in the second data frame within the client signal or first data frame based on the mapping information carried in the second data frame, such as the Cm value. The receiving device can then retrieve the client signal or first data frame from the second data frame based on the mapping location.

[0117] The data transmission method provided in the embodiment of the present application enables the receiving device to obtain the service carried in the second data frame, thereby forwarding or processing the service.

[0118] The above, in combination with Figures 1 to 11, illustrates the method for transmitting data provided in the embodiments of the present application. In the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between the various embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their internal logical relationships.

[0119] The following describes in detail the apparatus for transmitting data provided in the embodiments of the present application in conjunction with Figures 12 and 13. It should be understood that the description of the apparatus embodiment corresponds to the description of the method embodiment. Therefore, for matters not described in detail, reference can be made to the method embodiment above. For the sake of brevity, some of the contents will not be repeated.

[0120] Figure 12 is a schematic block diagram of a data transmission device 1000 provided in an embodiment of the present application. Device 1000 can be provided in the OTN device 101 shown in Figure 1 , or in the OTN device shown in Figure 2 . Device 1000 includes a transceiver module 1001, which can be used to implement corresponding transceiver functions. Transceiver module 1001 can also be referred to as a transceiver unit.

[0121] The device 1000 further includes a processing module 1002 (or processing unit), which can be used to implement corresponding processing functions.

[0122] Optionally, the device 1000 also includes a storage unit, which can be used to store instructions and / or data. The processing module 1002 can read the instructions and / or data in the storage unit so that the device can implement the actions of the relevant devices in the aforementioned method embodiments.

[0123] The device 1000 can be used to execute the actions performed by the sending device or the receiving device in the above method embodiments. In this case, the device 1000 can be a component of the sending device or the receiving device, the transceiver module 1001 is used to execute the sending and receiving related operations of the sending device or the receiving device in the above method embodiments, and the processing module 1002 is used to execute the processing related operations of the sending device or the receiving device in the above method embodiments.

[0124] It should be understood that the specific process of each module executing the above corresponding steps has been described in detail in the above method embodiment, and for the sake of brevity, it will not be repeated here.

[0125] Figure 13 shows a schematic diagram of the structure of an OTN device provided in an embodiment of the present application. As shown in Figure 13 , OTN device 1100 includes a processor 1101 and an optical transceiver 1102. This OTN device can be used in both transmitting and receiving devices. The OTN device shown in Figure 13 can include any of the OTN devices 101 shown in Figure 1 , or the OTN device shown in Figure 2 .

[0126] When applied to a transmitting device, the processor 1101 is used to implement S510 of the method 500 shown in Figure 5 , and the optical transceiver 1102 is used to implement S520 of the method 500 shown in Figure 5 . When applied to a receiving device, the processor 1101 is used to implement S620 of the method 600 shown in Figure 11 , and the optical transceiver 1102 is used to implement S610 of the method 600 shown in Figure 11 . During implementation, each step of the processing flow can be implemented by hardware integrated logic circuits in the processor 1101 or software instructions to complete the method executed by the transmitting device or the receiving device.

[0127] In the embodiments of the present application, the processor 1101 may be a general-purpose processor, a digital signal processor, an application-specific integrated circuit, a field programmable gate array or other programmable logic device, a discrete gate or transistor logic device, or a discrete hardware component, and may implement or execute the various methods, steps, and logic block diagrams disclosed in the embodiments of the present application. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor. The steps of the methods disclosed in the embodiments of the present application may be directly implemented as being executed by a hardware processor, or may be executed by a combination of hardware and software units in the processor.

[0128] In addition, the OTN device 1100 may include one or more processors 1101 .

[0129] Optionally, the OTN device may further include a memory 1103, wherein the program code executed by the processor 1101 to implement the above method may be stored in the memory 1103. The OTN device 1100 may include one or more memories 1103.

[0130] Specifically, the memory 1103 can be coupled to the processor 1101. The coupling in the embodiment of the present application is an indirect coupling or communication connection between devices, units or modules, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms, and is used for information interaction between devices, units or modules. Alternatively, the processor 1101 can operate in conjunction with the memory 1103. The memory 1103 can be a non-volatile memory, such as a hard disk drive (HDD), etc., or a volatile memory (volatile memory), such as a random-access memory (RAM). The memory 1103 is any other medium that can be used to carry or store desired program code in the form of instructions or data structures and can be accessed by a computer, but is not limited to this. It should be noted that the device shown in Figure 13 can also be used to execute the method steps involved in the embodiment variations shown in the aforementioned figures, which will not be repeated here.

[0131] Based on the above embodiments, embodiments of the present application further provide an optical module comprising a signal processor and an optical transmitter assembly. The signal processor is configured to execute method 500 to obtain a second data frame, and the optical transmitter assembly is configured to convert the second data frame into an optical signal and transmit the optical signal. Alternatively, the optical module comprises a signal processor and an optical transmitter assembly. The optical receiver assembly is configured to receive the optical signal and convert the optical signal into a second data frame, and the signal processor is configured to execute method 600 to demap the second data frame.

[0132] Based on the above embodiments, embodiments of the present application further provide a computer-readable storage medium. This storage medium stores a software program that, when read and executed by one or more processors, can implement the methods provided in any one or more of the above embodiments. The computer-readable storage medium may include any medium capable of storing program code, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, a read-only memory, a random access memory, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0133] Based on the above embodiments, embodiments of the present application provide a computer program product comprising instructions. When the computer program product is executed on a computer or processor, it can implement the method provided in any one or more of the above embodiments.

[0134] Based on the above embodiments, embodiments of the present application further provide a chip. This chip includes a processor configured to implement the functions described in any one or more of the above embodiments, such as acquiring or processing OTN frames described in the above methods. Optionally, the chip also includes a memory configured to store program instructions and data necessary for execution by the processor. This chip can be comprised of a single chip or include a chip and other discrete components.

[0135] Obviously, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications to the embodiments of the present application without departing from the scope of the embodiments of the present application. Thus, if these modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present application fall within the scope of the claims of the present application and their equivalents, the present application also intends to include these modifications and variations.

[0136] It should be understood that the processor mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a central processing unit (CPU), or may be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. The general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor, etc.

[0137] It should also be understood that the memory mentioned in the embodiments of the present application may be a volatile memory and / or a non-volatile memory. Among them, the non-volatile memory may be a read-only memory (ROM), a programmable read-only memory (PROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), an electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), or a flash memory. The volatile memory may be a random access memory (RAM). For example, RAM can be used as an external cache. By way of example and not limitation, RAM may include the following forms: static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), synchronous dynamic random access memory (SDRAM), double data rate synchronous dynamic random access memory (DDR SDRAM), enhanced synchronous dynamic random access memory (ESDRAM), synchronous link dynamic random access memory (SLDRAM), and direct rambus RAM (DR RAM).

[0138] It should be noted that when the processor is a general-purpose processor, DSP, ASIC, FPGA or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic device, or discrete hardware component, the memory (storage module) can be integrated into the processor.

[0139] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified, " / " means or, for example, A / B can mean A or B; "and / or" in this article is a kind of association relationship that describes associated objects, indicating that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist at the same time, and B exists alone. In this application, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more than one" refers to two or more. "At least one of the following items" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single items or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0140] In the embodiments of this application, prefixes such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish different description objects and have no limiting effect on the position, order, priority, quantity, or content of the described objects. The use of prefixes such as ordinal numbers in the embodiments of this application to distinguish description objects does not constitute a limitation on the described objects. For a statement of the described objects, please refer to the description in the context of the claims or embodiments, and the use of such prefixes should not constitute an unnecessary limitation.

[0141] It should be noted that the symbol “*” or “×” in this application represents the multiplication of the elements before and after the symbol, the symbol “ / ” represents the division of the elements before and after the symbol, the symbol “-” represents the subtraction of the elements before and after the symbol, and the symbol “+” represents the addition of the elements before and after the symbol.

[0142] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and steps of the various examples described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented using electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are implemented in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professionals and technicians may use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application; such implementations should not be considered to exceed the scope of protection of this application.

[0143] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed devices and methods can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are only schematic. For example, the division of the units is only a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0144] In the above embodiments, it can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any combination thereof. When implemented using software, it can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When the computer program instructions are loaded and executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. For example, the computer can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center by wired (e.g., coaxial cable, optical fiber, digital subscriber line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) mode. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that a computer can access or a data storage device such as a server or data center that includes one or more available media integrations. The available medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., a solid state disk (SSD)). For example, the available medium may include, but is not limited to, various media that can store program code, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, ROM, RAM, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0145] The above is only a specific implementation method of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field can easily think of changes or replacements within the technical scope disclosed in this application, which should be included in the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims. Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that for the convenience and simplicity of description, the specific working process of the system, device and unit described above can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting data, characterized in that: include: Mapping a client signal or a first data frame to a second data frame, where a bit rate of the second data frame is n times a reference rate, wherein the reference rate is greater than a first bit rate and less than a second bit rate, the first bit rate is 100 Gbit / s, the second bit rate is 105.258 Gbit / s, and n is a positive integer; The second data frame is sent.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The reference rate is 100.844 Gbit / s±x*100 ppm, where x is an integer greater than 0 and less than 10.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The reference rate is 100.622 Gbit / s±x*100 ppm, where x is an integer greater than 0 and less than 10.

4. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The second data frame includes n sub-data frames, the overhead area of ​​each sub-data frame in the n sub-data frames includes 5*M byte blocks, the payload area of ​​each sub-data frame includes (2570*M*m-5*M) byte blocks, each byte block includes 32 / M bytes, m is an integer greater than 1, and M is equal to 1 or 2.

5. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that The overhead area of ​​the second data frame includes 5*M byte blocks, and the payload area of ​​the second data frame includes n*m*2570*M byte blocks. Each byte block includes 32 / M bytes, where m is an integer greater than 1, and M is equal to 1 or 2.

6. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that The ratio of the size of the payload area of ​​the first data frame to the total size of the first data frame is (239*P-1) / 239*P, where P is a positive integer.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The bit rate of the first data frame is N*100.416 Gbit / s, or the bit rate of the first data frame is N*100.422 Gbit / s, where N is a positive integer.

8. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that The overhead area of ​​the second data frame includes a multiplex section monitoring (SM) overhead and / or a multiplex structure indication (MSI) overhead.

9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that The sending of the second data frame includes: The second data frame is sent through p flexible bandwidth optical transport network FlexO interfaces, where the bit rate of each of the p FlexO interfaces is one of 100G, 200G, 400G, 800G, 1.2T, 1.6T, 2.4T or 3.2T, and p is a positive integer less than or equal to n.

10. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The second data frame is a FlexO frame.

11. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterized in that The first data frame is a rate-flexible optical data unit (ODUflex) frame.

12. A method for transmitting data, characterized in that: include: Receive a second data frame, where a bit rate of the second data frame is n times a reference rate, where the reference rate is greater than a first bit rate and less than a second bit rate, the first bit rate is 100 Gbit / s, the second bit rate is 105.258 Gbit / s, and n is a positive integer; Demapping the second data frame to obtain a client signal or a first data frame.

13. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The reference rate is 100.844 Gbit / s±x*100 ppm, where x is an integer greater than 0 and less than 10.

14. The method according to claim 12, characterized in that The reference rate is 100.622 Gbit / s±x*100 ppm, where x is an integer greater than 0 and less than 10.

15. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that The second data frame includes n sub-data frames, the overhead area of ​​each sub-data frame in the n sub-data frames includes 5*M byte blocks, the payload area of ​​each sub-data frame includes 2570*M*m-5*M) byte blocks, each byte block includes 32 / M bytes, m is an integer greater than 1, and M is equal to 1 or 2.

16. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 14, characterized in that The overhead area of ​​the second data frame includes 5*M byte blocks, and the payload area of ​​the second data frame includes n*m*2570*M byte blocks. Each byte block includes 32 / M bytes, where m is an integer greater than 1, and M is equal to 1 or 2.

17. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 16, characterized in that The ratio of the size of the payload area of ​​the first data frame to the total size of the first data frame is (239*P-1) / 239*P, where P is a positive integer.

18. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 17, characterized in that The bit rate of the first data frame is N*100.416 Gbit / s, or the bit rate of the first data frame is N*100.422 Gbit / s, where N is a positive integer.

19. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 18, characterized in that The overhead area of ​​the second data frame includes a multiplex section monitoring (SM) overhead and / or a multiplex structure indication (MSI) overhead.

20. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 19, characterized in that The second data frame is a FlexO frame.

21. The method according to any one of claims 12 to 20, characterized in that The first data frame is a rate-flexible optical data unit (ODUflex) frame.

22. An optical communication device, characterized in that: The method comprises a transceiver module and a processing module, and is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11; or, is used to execute the method according to any one of claims 12 to 21.

23. An optical communication device, characterized in that: The device comprises at least one processor configured to execute a computer program or instruction stored in at least one memory, so that the device performs the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11, or the device performs the method according to any one of claims 12 to 21.

24. The device according to claim 23, characterized in that The apparatus further comprises the at least one memory.

25. An optical module, characterized in that: The optical module includes a signal processor and an optical transmission component. The signal processor is configured to perform the method according to any one of claims 1 to 11; The optical transmission component is used to convert the second data frame into an optical signal and send the optical signal.

26. An optical module, characterized in that: The optical module includes a signal processor and a light receiving component. The optical receiving component is used to receive an optical signal and convert the optical signal into a second data frame; The signal processor is configured to execute the method according to any one of claims 12 to 21.

27. A chip, characterized in that: The chip includes a processor and a communication interface, the communication interface is used to send and receive data frames, and the processor is used to execute the method as described in any one of claims 1 to 11, or execute the method as described in any one of claims 12 to 21 to process the data frames.

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