Stretch garment with raised elements
The incorporation of raised elements in denim garments addresses the issue of sweat trapping by promoting air and moisture flow, enhancing comfort and reducing heat retention through a double-weft structure with functional yarns.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- PCT/CN2025/083212
- Authority / Receiving Office
- WO · WO
- Patent Type
- Applications
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Priority Date
- 2024-03-19
- Filing Date
- 2025-03-18
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-25
AI Technical Summary
Slim-fitting denim garments trap sweat between the fabric and skin, leading to increased friction, discomfort, and reduced air circulation, which exacerbates sweating and heat retention.
Incorporating raised elements on the interior surface of the garment, formed by a double-weft structure with different elastic properties, to create spaces between the fabric and skin, allowing air and moisture flow, and using functional yarns for moisture wicking and thermal transfer.
The raised elements improve comfort by reducing fabric adhesion to skin, enhancing air circulation, accelerating sweat evaporation, and maintaining a microclimate, thereby reducing discomfort and heat retention.
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Figure CN2025083212_25092025_PF_FP_ABST
Abstract
Description
Stretch Garment with Raised ElementsBackground1. Technical Field
[0001] The present disclosure relates to garments and, more specifically, to denim garments that include raised elements. 2. Discussion of Related Art
[0002] Traditional denim clothing is made of pure cotton warp yarn dyed with indigo dye and white weft yarn interwoven in a twill weave structure. Traditional denim can be rugged and have other characteristics that are favored by wearers. As consumers continue to wear denim, consumers can consider both the style of the clothing but also the functionality, comfort, or other features of the clothing.
[0003] The development of stretch denim fabrics has consolidated the position of denim garments in the clothing market. Stretch denim fabric can have excellent extension and recovery properties. Stretch denim fabric can reduce the pressure and pulling on the wearer. As such, stretch denim fabric can make a wearer feel freer and more comfortable when moving or exercising. Therefore, denim garments including stretch denim fabric are becoming more popular with consumers. Stretch denim garments are designed to be tight-fitting and worn as casual jeans, which not only facilitate movement, but also have a slimming effect and highlight the curves of a wearer.
[0004] Slim-fit jeans made from traditional denim fabric in contact with the skin over a large area may cause sweating during summer activities and trap sweat between the fabric and the skin of the wearer. Trapping sweat between fabric and the skin can cause the fabric to stick to the skin. In other words, the friction between the fabric and the skin is greatly increased, resulting in uncomfortable wearing. At the same time, because the space between the fabric and the skin is too small, the convection between the space and the external environment is extremely weak, making it more difficult for sweat to evaporate, resulting in a longer stickiness.Summary
[0005] This disclosure relates generally to garments that include raised elements that space the garment from the skin of a wearer such that air or moisture may flow between the garment and the skin of the wearer. The raised elements may be formed of material having functional attributes including, but not limited to, moisture wicking, thermal transport, cooling, or combinations thereof. The garment may include discrete zones with some of the discrete zones including the raised elements and other discrete zones without the raised elements. In such embodiments, the discrete zones may appear continuous from the outside of the garment such that the interior surface of each zone is visually indistinguishable from the exterior surface of the garment.
[0006] In an aspect of the present disclosure, a garment includes a first panel formed of a first fabric. The first fabric is a double weft fabric formed of a set of warp yarns a first set of weft yarns, and a second set of weft yarns. The first set of weft yarns forms an exterior surface of the garment and the second set of weft yarns forming an interior surface of the garment that is configured to face skin of a wearer of the garment. The second set of weft yarns form an array of raised elements that are laterally and longitudinally spaced apart from one another. Each raised element is configured to contact the skin of the wearer to define a cavity between the first fabric and the skin of the wearer.
[0007] In aspects, the first set of weft yarns is woven with the set of warp yarns in a twill pattern for the entire first panel. The first set of warp yarns may be woven with the set of warp yarns in a 3: 1 twill pattern for the entire firs panel. The second set of weft yarns may be woven with the set of warp yarns in a first area in the same twill pattern as the first set of weft yarn and in a second area that has all warp points with floating lines formed in the second set of weft yarns. The floating line may form the raised elements.
[0008] In some aspects, the set of warp yarns are formed of an indigo-dyed cotton yarn. The first set of weft yarns may be formed of a core-spun yarn and the second set of weft yarns may be formed of a honeycomb polyester. The first set of weft yarns or the second set of weft yarn may improve functional properties of the first fabric. The second set of weft yarns may be formed of a yarn configured to conduct moisture away from the skin of the wearer. The second set of weft yarns may include one or more materials to increase thermal transfer from the skin of the wearer. The one or more materials of the second set of weft yarns may impregnate the second set of weft yarn with a mineral or a phase change material.
[0009] In particular aspects, the garment includes a second panel formed of a second fabric. The second fabric may be a denim or a stretch denim fabric. The exterior surface of the first panel may have the same aesthetic appearance as an exterior surface of the second panel. The first fabric may have different stretch characteristics than the second fabric. The first fabric or the second fabric may be denim or a stretch denim.
[0010] In aspects, the first fabric is positioned at the waist, crotch, arm pits, or back of the garment. The first fabric may be used on a rear panel of pants.
[0011] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a garment includes a first panel and a second panel. The first panel is formed of a first fabric. The first fabric is a double weft fabric formed of a single set of warp yarns, a first set of weft yarns, and a second set of weft yarns. The first set of weft yarns forms an exterior surface of the garment and the second set of weft yarns forming an exterior surface of the garment and the second set of weft yarns forming an interior surface of the garment that is configured to face the skin of a wearer of the garment. The second set of weft yarns form an array of raised elements that are laterally and longitudinally spaced apart from one another. Each raised element is configured to contact the skin of the wearer to define a cavity between the first fabric and the skin of the wearer. The second panel is formed of a second fabric. The second fabric is a denim or a stretch denim fabric. The exterior surface of the first panel has the same aesthetic appearance as an exterior surface of the second panel.
[0012] In aspects, the first set of weft yarns are woven with the set of warp yarns in a twill pattern for the entire first panel. The second set of weft yarns may be woven with the set of warp yarns in a first area in the same twill pattern as the first set of weft yarns and in a second area that has all warp points with floating lines formed in the second set of weft yarns. The floating lines may form the array of raised elements. The first fabric may have different stretch characteristics than the second fabric. The first fabric may be positioned at the waist, crotch, legs, arm pits, or back of the garment. The first fabric may be used on a rear panel of the pants.
[0013] In another aspect of the present disclosure, a method of manufacturing a garment includes forming a first fabric by weaving a set of warp yarns with a first set of weft yarns that form an exterior surface of the first fabric and a second set of weft yarns that form an interior surface of the first fabric. The second set of weft yarns form raised elements on the interior surface. The method also includes treating the first fabric such that the set of warp yarns are more tightly held together. The method also includes desizing the first fabric after alkali treating the first fabric. The method also includes forming a garment from the first fabric and a second fabric. The second fabric is a denim or a stretch denim fabric.
[0014] In aspects, the method includes ozone finishing the first fabric before desizing the first fabric to improve a functional property of the first fabric.
[0015] Further, to the extent consistent, any of the embodiments or aspects described herein may be used in conjunction with any or all of the other embodiments or aspects described herein.Brief Description of the Drawings
[0016] Various aspects of the present disclosure are described hereinbelow with reference to the drawings, which are not necessarily drawn to scale, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, wherein:
[0017] FIG. 1 is a weaving pattern for a surface layer of a fabric provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0018] FIG. 2 is a weaving pattern for a raised element of a portion of an interior layer provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0019] FIG. 3 is a weaving pattern for a non-raised element of another portion of the interior layer of FIG. 2;
[0020] FIG. 4 is a weaving pattern for a fabric provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure;
[0021] FIG. 5 is a weaving pattern of a surface layer of the fabric of FIG. 4;
[0022] FIG. 6 is a weaving pattern of an interior layer of the fabric of FIG. 4;
[0023] FIG. 7 is a flow chart of a method of manufacturing a garment provided in accordance with an embodiment of the present disclosure; and
[0024] FIG. 8 is an image of an exterior and interior surface of a portion of a garment formed by the method of FIG. 7.Detailed Description
[0025] The present disclosure will now be described more fully hereinafter with reference to example embodiments thereof with reference to the drawings in which like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding elements in each of the several views. These example embodiments are described so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. Features from one embodiment or aspect can be combined with features from any other embodiment or aspect in any appropriate combination. For example, any individual or collective features of method aspects or embodiments can be applied to apparatus, product, or component aspects or embodiments and vice versa. The disclosure may be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as limited to the embodiments set forth herein; rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will satisfy applicable legal requirements. As used in the specification and the appended claims, the singular forms “a, ” “an, ” “the, ” and the like include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. In addition, while reference may be made herein to quantitative measures, values, geometric relationships, or the like, unless otherwise stated, any one or more if not all of these may be absolute or approximate to account for acceptable variations that may occur, such as those due to manufacturing or engineering tolerances or the like.
[0026] Traditional slim-fitting clothing can stick to the skin when worn. This sticking to skin can be exacerbated by sweat or other moisture. As such, when sweating during activities, slim-fitting clothing can cause discomfort. In addition, slim-fitting clothing may create or eliminate air circulation between the clothing and the skin. The poor air circulation may cause the wearer to feel hotter and sweat more and thus, further increase discomfort of the wearer.
[0027] The garments disclosed herein include raised elements on an interior surface of the fabric. The raised elements may be on the entire interior surface of the garment or may be included in discrete zones of the garment. The raised elements may space the garment from the skin of a wearer to allow air or moisture to flow between the skin of the wearer and the garment. The flow of air or moisture may create a microclimate between the skin of the wearer and the garment. The raised elements detailed herein are part of the fabric of the garment such that the raised elements are robust enough to survive multiple washings. This is unlike printed or other structures that can be added or bonded to the surface of a fabric which may dislodge or separate from the surface of the fabric after one or more washings.
[0028] The garments disclosed herein may be denim garments. In particular, the denim garments may be formed of stretch denim fabric and thus, be considered stretch denim garments. The denim fabric disclosed herein may include a single set of warp yarns and two sets of weft yarns and described as a fabric having a double-weft structure. The double-weft structure includes a surface weft and an interior weft. The set of warp yarns are interwoven with the surface weft to form a surface layer of the fabric and the set of warp yarns are interwoven with the interior weft to form an interior layer of the fabric. The surface layer is configured to form an exterior of a garment formed of the fabric and be viewed when worn. The surface weft and the set of warp yarns may be interwoven in a twill pattern to form the surface layer as shown in FIG. 1. The surface layer is the front side of the fabric that is configured to face outward when the fabric forms a garment. The yarns forming the surface weft may have a greater elasticity than the yarns forming the interior weft. The interior layer is configured to form an interior of the garment and contact the skin of a user when the garment formed of the fabric is worn.
[0029] The interior layer is the layer that is configured to face the skin of a wearer when the fabric forms a garment. The interior surface of the fabric can be divided into at least two distinct structures or sections disbursed at different locations across the fabric surface. The first section is an area of circulation in which the interior surface includes raised elements that are configured to contact the skin of a wearer and lift or space the fabric from the skin of the user. Spacing the fabric from the skin of the wearer may allow for air to circulate between the skin of the wearer and the fabric. The second section is an area of non-circulation in which the interior surface is substantially featureless, e.g., does not include raised elements, such that substantially the entire interior surface of the fabric is in contact with the skin of the wearer. In the areas of the garment formed of the second section, air is substantially prevented from circulating between the skin of the wearer and the fabric of the second sections. In the first sections, raised elements may form at least two adjacent vertical floating lines of the interior weft. The number of warp yarns spanned by each floating line of the interior weft may be greater than or equal to the complete number of warp yarns in the surface weft pattern. As used herein, the “complete warp number” or “warp loop number” refers to the number of warp threads contained in the minimum weave loop. As used herein, sections of floating lines “vertically adjacent” refers to floating lines that are distributed on adjacent wefts and sections of floating lines that are “horizontally adjacent” refers to floating lines that are on the same weft yarn and separated by warp weave points on the interior layer when viewed from the surface layer or exterior side of the fabric.
[0030] The structure of the second sections may be consistent with the structure of the surface layer. For example, the structure of the second sections may be a twill pattern that has the same or similar appearance to the surface layer. In areas of the second section, the interior surface may appear similar to the surface layer. The more elastic surface layer contracts more than the inner layer such that the inner layer is constrained by the interweaving of the warp and weft in the first sections such that the floating lines of the interior weft in the first sections are not constrained. As a result of not being constrained, the additional length of the floating lines forms a bulge or a raised element on the interior surface of the fabric in the first sections.
[0031] As a result of this construction, the front or surface layer of the fabric has a consistent appearance, e.g., looks like a standard denim fabric, and the interior or back layer has first sections that have a series of raised elements that are visually apparent and second sections that have an appearance consistent with the surface layer. The raised elements in the first section may contact the skin such that portions of the fabric are spaced from the skin so the entire fabric does not contact the skin. The raised elements may reduce adhesion of the fabric to skin when sweating. The raised elements may create space between the fabric and the skin to allow circulation of air to increase convection, accelerate evaporation of sweat, or reduce the feeling of stuffiness. For garments worn by larger wearers or wearers having loose skin, the increased spaced between the fabric and the skin may allow skin or tissue to be received in the spaces between the raised elements to remove or reduce unsightly bulges that can be caused by tightening or compression of slim-fitting clothing. This removing or reducing may improve the aesthetics of wearers. For example, the removing or reducing of bulges may improve the appearance of the figure of a wearer.
[0032] As shown in FIG. 2, a first section is formed with horizontal floating lines having a length of two that are separated by warp weave points on the interior surface. As such, the full length of the inner weft in the first section cannot be fully utilized. The weave points of the surface layer contract to increase a fullness of the interior layer in the first sections under the contraction of the surface layer. The size of the floating lines is selected to create a raised element without being so large that the floated lines do not create snags. For example, if the size of the floating line is too short, the raised elements will not be large enough to allow air to circulate between the skin of a wearer and the fabric. In addition, if the size of the floating line is too large, the yarns forming the raised elements will be loose and may snag or be pulled when put on or taken off or worn. The number of warp threads or lines spanned by the second weft floating lines may be greater than the complete warp threads of the surface layer and may be less than three times the number of complete warp threads of the surface layer. Selecting the size of the second weft floating lines in a range of 1 to 3 times the number of complete warp threads of the surface layer may create raised elements that are stiff and have an amplitude that is large enough to allow air to flow between the skin of a wearer and the fabric. The amplitude of the raised elements is the height or the distance of the raised elements from the surface layer to a skin contact surface of the raised elements. The amplitude of the raised elements may be in a range of XX millimeters to XX millimeters, e.g., 0.1 millimeters to 5 millimeters. When each point of the interior layer is woven, as shown in FIG. 2, the number of warp yarns spanned by the second weft floating line determines the width of the raised element which is measured in the same direction as the fabric width direction. As such, the size of the second weft floating line is less than three times the number of complete warp threads of the surface layer to avoid the raised elements being too wide and to ensure the formation of individual raised elements and not raised strips. For example, raised elements may allow air to flow around all sides of each raised element where a raised strip may prevent air flowing around all sides of each raised strip. Specifically, the raised elements are sized and configured to allow air to flow around all sides of the raised elements. The number of weft yarns in a single raised element determines the longitudinal length of the raised element which is measured perpendicular to the fabric width direction. The number of weft yarns in each raised element may be less than 12 to avoid large, raised elements and to ensure formation of raised elements that have full contact for each raised element with the skin of a wearer. This full contact may be referred to as point contact instead of a patchy or partial contact where only a portion of each raised element is in contact with the skin of a wearer.
[0033] The raised elements are spaced apart to support the fabric to create a space between the skin of the wearer while allowing air to circulate around the raised elements. Having the raised elements close together may be good for supporting the fabric away from the skin of the wearer but if too close together may inhibit or prevent air from flowing around the raised elements. The distance between adjacent raised elements may be spaced a first or longitudinal distance and a second or lateral distance. Both the longitudinal distance and the lateral distance are measured in the number of yarns, e.g., number of weft yarns of the second layer or the number of warp yarns. The longitudinal distance may be more than the number of weft yarns of each raised element and less than three times the number of weft yarns of each raised element. The lateral distance may be more than the number of warp threads in a single raised element and less than three times the number of warp threads in a single raised element. In this way, the lateral distance between adjacent raised elements is in a range of 1 to 3 times the lateral size of each raised element. Such a lateral distance allows the raised elements to support the fabric away from the skin and for each raised element to contact the skin. The longitudinal and lateral distances allow for a connected space to be formed between the fabric and the skin of the user such that air can circulate within the connected space. The connected space may be considered mesh-like with the raised elements filling spaces in the mesh. The connected space may allow for a microclimate to be formed between the skin of the wearer and the fabric within the connected space. The connected space may allow air to circulate therein. The connected space may accelerate sweat evaporation of the skin of the wearer.
[0034] Referring back to FIG. 1, the surface layer may be a standard 3: 1 twill pattern with three up and one down twill with a complete number of warp yarns being 4 and the complete number of weft yarns being 4. The pattern shown shows a warp weave point on the front side of the pattern being filled in (e.g., B1, C1, D1) and a weft weave point on the front side being unfilled (e.g., A1, B2) . In the figures, Arabic numbers are used to represent the warp numbers with capital letters representing the surface weft and lowercase letters representing the interior weft. For example, as shown in FIG. 1, warp yarn 2 and surface weft yarn B are interwoven to form a weft point such that the surface weft yarn is on top of the warp yarn on the front side. As another example, warp yarn 3 and surface weft yarn A are interwoven to form a warp point such that the warp yarn is on top of the surface weft yarn.
[0035] With reference to FIG. 3, a second section of the interior layer is shown in accordance with the present disclosure in which the second section of the interior layer is organized in a similar manner to the surface layer. With additional reference to FIG. 2, a first section of the interior layer is shown where all the points are warp points in the second section to create the raised elements.
[0036] Referring now to FIGS. 4-6, a weave pattern for a portion of a double weft fabric is provided in accordance with the present disclosure that creates a fabric with a consistent 3: 1 twill in a first or surface layer and raised elements in a second or interior layer. With particular reference to FIG. 4, the combined pattern is shown with the warp yarns represented by Arabic numerals, the surface weft yarns represented by upper case letters, and the interior weft yarns represented by lower case letters. For clarity, the weave pattern of the double weft fabric is decomposed in FIG. 5 to show only the surface layer and FIG. 6 to show only the interior layer.
[0037] As shown, the surface layer is a consistent 3: 1 twill pattern and shows two raised elements with one in the upper left corner (warp yarns 1-4 interwoven with weft yarns i-l) and the lower right corner (warp yarns 8-12 interwoven with weft yarns a-d) . The raised elements in the corners are shown as floating lines having a length of 4 with 4 warp lines being spanned by each floating line. The raised element formed by the floating lines is spaced laterally by 4 warp threads and longitudinally by 4 weft yarns from other raised elements.
[0038] As noted above, the elastic elongation of the surface weft may be greater than the elastic elongation of the interior weft. The increased elastic elongation of the surface weft may promote the raised elements having sufficient height on the interior side of the fabric and may increase a stiffness of the raised elements. In some embodiments, the elastic elongation of the surface weft is 5%greater than the elastic elongation of the interior weft. In certain embodiments, the elastic elongation of the surface weft is more than 5%greater than the elastic elongation of the interior weft. In other embodiments, the elastic elongation of the surface weft may be the same or less than the elastic elongation of the interior weft.
[0039] In some embodiments, the yarns of the surface weft may be different from the yarns of the interior weft. For example, the yarns of the surface weft may be a core-spun yarn. The core-spun yarn may have an elastic yarn core with a moisture-absorbent covering layer. The elastic yarn core may be a 20D-300D spandex. The covering layer may be a cotton fiber, a linen fiber, or a combination thereof. In certain embodiments, the surface weft may be a cotton and / or linen covered with spandex. The warp material may be an indigo-dyed cotton yarn, e.g., a traditional denim yarn. The spandex in the surface weft may be responsible for providing the elasticity required for the surface weft. The spandex in the surface weft may create a stretch denim fabric with the warp yarns.
[0040] The interior or bottom surface of the interior layers is in direct contact with the skin of a wearer. As shown in FIG. 6, the bottom surface of the interior layer is formed mostly of weft points such that the interior weft forms a majority of the contact with the skin of a wearer. The interior weft may be formed of a honeycomb polyester in a range of 70D to 500D. The honeycomb polyester may rapidly conduct moisture away from the skin of the wearer. In some embodiments, when a wearer is sweating, the sweat first contacts the inner weft and transfers the sweat from the skin of the wearer to the surface layer. The cotton fiber on the surface may have a good moisture absorption capacity and may spread the sweat transferred from the honeycomb polyester on the surface to increase an evaporation area of the fabric. Increasing the moisture transportation may reduce an amount of time that sweat stays between the fabric and the skin of the wearer such that the connected space between the skin and the fabric is maintained. Maintaining the connected space may maintain convection and / or may reduce a feeling of stuffiness of the wearer. In some embodiments, a hydrophilic layer may be provided on the bottom surface of the interior layer to improve the moisture absorption capacity of the fabric.
[0041] The yarns forming the interior weft and / or the surface weft may be formed of or include one or more materials to provide a functional property to the fabric. For example, the yarns may be thermally conductive yarns to improve thermal transfer through the garment. The yarns may be impregnated with minerals, gems, or other additives to provide thermal conductivity, antibacterial, or other functionality.
[0042] As described above, the fabric may be formed with a consistent pattern such that the entire fabric is formed of a double weft with raised elements placed evenly throughout the interior surface of the garment. In some embodiments, the raised elements may be unevenly placed on the interior surface of the garment. In certain embodiments, the fabric may include some sections or areas that include a single weft and other areas that include the double weft structure detailed above. When areas include a single weft, only the surface weft may be included. The areas of single weft may appear from a front or exterior side to be the same as the areas of double weft. The areas of single weft may have increased elasticity compared to areas of double weft. In some embodiments, the properties of the areas of single weft may be different from the areas of double weft.
[0043] Referring now to FIG. 7, a production process for optimizing the structure of raised elements is provided in accordance with the present disclosure and will be referred to generally as method 700 and with reference to the fabric shown in FIGS. 1-6. The method 700 may optimize a structure of the raised elements. The production process of traditional denim fabrics may include spinning, sizing, dyeing, weaving, and finishing of the yarns. The finishing process of the traditional denim fabrics may include singeing, desizing, drying, and preshrinking. When making the denim fabrics including raised elements as detailed above, the operations of spinning, sizing, and dyeing may be the same as traditional denim fabrics and occur before a weaving step.
[0044] Once yarns are prepared for weaving, fabric may be woven according to the structure described above (Step 710) . When the fabric is woven, finishing may be carried out according to traditional methods even though the fabric has raised elements. However, the quality and consistency of the raised elements may be poor. In addition, it may be possible that the array of raised elements may not be regular. The poor quality and consistency of the raised elements may be the result of yarn being soft during normal desizing. As noted above, the structure detailed herein creates longer floating threads than ordinary denim fabrics. When the longer floating threads are desized the floating threads may become entangled with adjacent yarns that can create the density of the interior weft at the raised elements is uneven. The longer floating threads may be easy to snag with adjacent threads. As detailed below, the method 700 may improve the structure of the raised elements when compared to traditional denim finishing.
[0045] The method 700 may include an alkali treatment (Step 720) after weaving and before a desizing process. The alkali treatment may include treating the woven fabric with 5 grams per liter to 10 grams per liter of sodium hydroxide solution for 10 minutes to 20 minutes at a temperature in a range of 60 degrees to 75 degrees Celsius. During the alkali treatment, the fibers of the interior weft may swell while the wax is removed from the surface of the cotton fiber. When the wax is removed, the cotton fibers may be more tightly held together. The cotton fibers being tightly held together may reduce the entanglement problems above. Decreasing the entanglement problems may improve the stability of the raised elements after finishing. In some embodiments, the alkali treatment may damage the cotton fiber structure. Damaging the cotton fiber structure may increase a moisture absorption of the damaged cotton fibers as compared to nondamaged cotton fibers.
[0046] The method 700 may include a singeing process (Step 730) . The singeing process may include placing or passing the woven fabric through a singeing machine. The singeing process may be carried out at a temperature in a range of 300 degrees Celsius to 500 degrees Celsius and at a speed in a range of 60 meters per minute to 85 meters per minute. The singeing process may occur below or above the temperatures detailed above and at speeds below or above the speeds detailed above.
[0047] The finishing process may include an ozone finishing process (Step 740) . The ozone finishing process may be carried out in a tank of a desizing machine with ozone flow rate into the desizing machine at a flow rate in a range of 0.5 liters per minute to 1 liter per minute with a treatment time of 1 to 2 minutes. The ozone finishing process may be carried out at a lower or higher flow rate and for less or more time listed above. During the ozone finishing process, the oxidizing property of ozone may further destroy the structure of the fibers on the surface of the fabric, e.g., the cotton fibers. The destruction of the structure of the surface fibers may make the fabric more hydroscopic.
[0048] After the ozone finishing process, the method 700 may include a desizing process (Step 750) . The desizing of the fabric may be completed with a concentration of a desizing enzyme in a range of 6 grams per liter to 12 grams per liter, at a treatment temperature in a range of 50 degrees Celsius to 60 degrees Celsius, and a speed in a range of 60 meters per minute to 80 meters per minute. The desizing process may be carried out with a concentration of the desizing enzyme above or below the disclosed range, at or below the temperatures in the disclosed range, and at a speed higher or lower than the disclosed range.
[0049] The method 700 may include a hydrophilic treatment (Step 760) . The hydrophilic treatment may include using a hydrophilic agent on the interior surface of the fabric so that the moisture absorption of the interior surface is improved. The interior surface of the fabric described herein would be the interior surface having the raised elements extending therefrom.
[0050] The method 700 may include a drying process (Step 770) and / or a pre-shrinking process (Step 780) . The drying process may be completed at a temperature in a range of 100 degrees Celsius to 120 degrees Celsius and for a range of 2 minutes to 5 minutes. However, the drying process may be completed at temperatures above or below the disclosed range and for a shorter or longer time than disclosed. The pre-shrinking of the dried fabric may occur in a pre-shrinking machine. Once the fabric is preshrunk, the fabric may be prepared for a cut and sew operation to form a garment (Step 800) .
[0051] Although the method steps are described in a specific order, it should be understood that other steps may be performed in between described steps, described steps may be adjusted so that they occur at slightly different times, or the described steps may occur in any order unless otherwise specified.
[0052] An example denim fabric 810 with raised elements 832 is shown in FIG. 8. The denim fabric 810 may be formed of the method 700 detailed above. As shown, the upper part of the fabric shown in FIG. 8 shows the front or exterior surface 820 of the denim fabric 810 which has the appearance of an ordinary denim fabric. In the lower part of the fabric shown in FIG. 8, the interior surface 830 of the denim fabric 810 is shown which has multiple raised elements 832 that are configured to contact the skin of a wearer as detailed above. The raised elements 832 are arranged as an array on the interior surface 830 of the denim fabric 810. The array of raised elements 832 may be evenly or be unevenly distributed on the interior surface 830 of the denim fabric 810.
[0053] With reference to FIGS. 9 and 10, a garment 900 is provided in accordance with the present disclosure. The garment 900 may be in the form of a stretch denim or slim fit denim garment. As shown, the garment 900 is in the form of pants; however, garments such as shirts, shorts, capris, or other garments may be formed in a similar manner. The garment 900 may be a denim garment or may be a stretch denim garment. Stretch denim garments may have one or more elastic yarns in either the warp, the weft, or both the warp and the weft. The garment 900 may be formed of multiple panels that form elements of the garment 900. As shown, the garment 900 includes a front panel 910, a rear panel 920, and a waist band 930.
[0054] The panels 910, 920, 930 may each have a uniform weave or structure throughout the entire panel. In such embodiments, one or more of the panels 910, 920, 930 may be formed of a double weft weave having raised elements as detailed above. For example, the rear panel 920 may be formed of a fabric having a double weft weave having raised elements on the interior surface 830 thereof and the front panel 910 and the waist band 930 may be formed of a traditional denim or stretch denim fabric. In such embodiments, the front or exterior surface 820 of all of the panels 910, 920, 930 may have the same visual or aesthetic appearance such that the fabric having the raised elements is visually indistinguishable when worn from the other fabrics of the garment 900.
[0055] In some embodiments, one of the panels 910, 920, 930, e.g., the rear panel 920, may include one or more discrete zones 922, 924, 926, 928 in the panel. For example, a zone 922 may be a yoke zone, the zone 924 may be a seat zone, the zone 926 may be an upper rear leg zone, and the zone 928 may be a lower rear leg zone. In such embodiments, the zones 922, 924, 926, 928 may be formed of traditional denim or stretch denim and the zone 924 may be formed of a fabric having a double weft with raised elements as detailed above. The zone 924 may be visually indistinguishable from the other zones 922, 926, 928 of the rear panel 920. In some embodiments, one or more of the zones 922-928 are formed of separate fabrics that are sewn together to form the rear panel 920.
[0056] The use of different fabrics to form the panels 910, 920, 930 or the garment 900 as a whole may reduce the cost of the garment 900. For example, a double weft fabric with raised elements as detailed above may have a cost that is greater than traditional denim or stretch denim fabrics. As such, using the double weft fabric with raised elements selectively to provide the benefits of the fabric, e.g., moisture wicking, air circulation, or microclimate, in select zones while minimizing the cost of the garment 900 by using a traditional denim or stretch denim in the rest of the garment 900. It is also noted that as the double weft fabric with raised elements has the same visual appearance as a traditional denim or stretch denim fabric the use of the double weft fabric with raised elements can be visually undetectable. In some embodiments, the panel or zones may be sewn in such that there is a seam designating a border between two different fabrics while the exterior surface 820 of the different fabrics maintain the same visual appearance. The areas or zones of the garment 900 having the double weft fabric may be areas that are typically hot or prone to sweating. In some embodiments, the areas or zones of the garment 900 having the double weft fabric may be areas of particular tight contact with the skin of the wearer such that the raised elements allow air to circulate within these areas.
[0057] The front panel 910 of the garment 900 may include multiple zones 912, 914, 916, 918. Each zone 912-918 may be formed of fabric having properties different from one or more of the other zones of the garment 900. For example, the first zone 912 may be formed of traditional denim fabric having a single warp and a single weft. The first zone 912 may be positioned in areas of low contact to the wearer of the garment 900. As shown, the first zone 912 is positioned on the front of a shin of a wearer. The second zone 914 may be formed of a denim fabric having a double weft with raised elements as detailed above. The second zone 914 may be positioned in an area of high contact, e.g., the knee. The third zone 916 may be positioned in an area of medium to low contact and be formed of a stretch or traditional denim fabric. The fourth zone 918 may be positioned in another area of high contact and be formed of a double weft fabric with raised elements as described above.
[0058] While several embodiments of the disclosure have been shown in the drawings, it is not intended that the disclosure be limited thereto, as it is intended that the disclosure be as broad in scope as the art will allow and that the specification be read likewise. Any combination of the above embodiments is also envisioned and is within the scope of the appended claims. Therefore, the above description should not be construed as limiting, but merely as exemplifications of particular embodiments. Those skilled in the art will envision other modifications within the scope of the claims appended hereto.
Claims
1.A garment comprising:a first panel formed of a first fabric, the first fabric being a double weft fabric formed of a single set of warp yarns, a first set of weft yarns, and a second set of weft yarns, the first set of weft yarns forming an exterior surface of the garment and the second set of weft yarns forming an interior surface of the garment that is configured to face skin of a wearer of the garment, the second set of weft yarns forming an array of raised elements that are laterally and longitudinally spaced apart from one another, each raised element configured to contact the skin of the wearer to define a cavity between the first fabric and the skin of the wearer.2.The garment according to claim 1, wherein the first set of weft yarns is woven with the set of warp yarns in a twill pattern for the entire first panel.3.The garment according to claim 2, wherein the second set of weft yarns is woven with the set of warp yarns in a first area in the same twill pattern as the first set of weft yarns and in a second area having all warp points with floating lines formed in the second set of weft yarns, the floating lines forming the raised elements.4.The garment according to claim 1, wherein the set of warp yarns are formed of an indigo-dyed cotton yarn.5.The garment according to claim 4, wherein the first set of weft yarns are formed of a core-spun yarn and the second set of weft yarns are formed of a honeycomb polyester.6.The garment according to claim 5, wherein the first set of weft yarns or the second set of weft yarns improve functional properties of the first fabric.7.The garment according to claim 6, wherein the second set of weft yarns is formed of a yarn configured to conduct moisture away from the skin of the wearer.8.The garment according to claim 6, wherein the second set of weft yarns include one or more materials to increase thermal transfer from the skin of the wearer.9.The garment according to claim 8, wherein the one or more materials of the second set of weft yarns impregnate the second set of weft yarns with a mineral or a phase change material.10.The garment according to claim 1, further comprising a second panel formed of a second fabric, the second fabric being a denim or stretch denim fabric, the exterior surface of the first panel having the same aesthetic appearance as an exterior surface of the second panel.11.The garment according to claim 10, wherein the first fabric has different stretch characteristics than the second fabric.12.The garment according to claim 10, wherein the first fabric or the second fabric is a denim or a stretch denim.13.The garment according to claim 1, wherein the first fabric is positioned at the waist, crotch, legs, arm pits, or back of the garment.14.The garment according to claim 1, wherein the first fabric is used on a rear panel of pants.15.A garment comprising:a first panel formed of a first fabric, the first fabric being a double weft fabric formed of a single set of warp yarns, a first set of weft yarns, and a second set of weft yarns, the first set of weft yarns forming an exterior surface of the garment and the second set of weft yarns forming an interior surface of the garment that is configured to face skin of a wearer of the garment, the second set of weft yarns forming an array of raised elements that are laterally and longitudinally spaced apart from one another, each raised element configured to contact the skin of the wearer to define a cavity between the first fabric and the skin of the wearer; anda second panel formed of a second fabric, the second fabric being a denim or a stretch denim fabric, the exterior surface of the first panel having the same aesthetic appearance as an exterior surface of the second panel.16.The garment according to claim 15, wherein the first set of weft yarns is woven with the set of warp yarns in a twill pattern for the entire first panel, the second set of weft yarns woven with the set of warp yarns in a first area in the same twill pattern as the first set of weft yarns and in a second area having all warp points with floating lines formed in the second set of weft yarns, the floating lines forming the array of raised elements.17.The garment according to claim 15, wherein the first fabric has different stretch characteristics than the second fabric.18.The garment according to claim 15, wherein the first fabric is positioned at the waist, crotch, legs, arm pits, back, or rear panel of the garment.19.A method of manufacturing a garment, the method comprising:forming a first fabric by weaving a set of warp yarns with a first set of weft yarns that form an exterior surface of the first fabric and a second set of weft yarns that form an interior surface of the first fabric, the second set of weft yarns forming raised elements on the interior surface;alkali treating the first fabric such that the set of warp yarns are more tightly held together;desizing the first fabric after alkali treating the first fabric; andforming a garment from the first fabric and a second fabric, the second fabric being a denim or a stretch denim fabric.20.The method according to claim 19, further comprising ozone finishing the first fabric before desizing the first fabric to improve a functional property of the first fabric.
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