Low-noise turbine

Abstract

The object of the present invention is a turbine (1) driven by an operating fluid for the production of electrical and / or mechanical energy. The turbine (1) comprises a rotor (2) equipped with a rotation shaft (20) and a plurality of blades (22; 22') which define rotor ducts (222) therebetween, each comprising an inlet section (223) for said operating fluid, and at least one conveyor (3) shaped in order to guide and direct said operating fluid towards an "interception zone" (5) at which at least one blade (22; 22') of said rotor (2) is substantially facing and cooperating with the conveyor (3). Said interception zone (5) comprises at least a portion (50, 50' … 50n) of said inlet section (223) of at least one rotor duct (222) which is variable in size and extension during the rotation of said rotor (2).

Description

[0001] LOW-NOISE TURBINE

[0002] DESCRIPTION

[0003] The object of the present invention is a turbine for the production of energy, preferably from renewable sources.

[0004] In particular, the object of at least an embodiment of the present invention is a turbine for the production of energy, preferably electrical and / or mechanical, which uses the wave movement of a water basin and / or the current of a watercourse.

[0005] The invention therefore falls, without any limiting intent, within the field of systems capable of exploiting renewable sources for the production of mechanical and / or electrical energy.

[0006] Preferably, the invention falls, without any limiting intent, within the sector of systems for the production of electrical and / or mechanical energy from the tidal streams and / or from the wave movement of a water basin and / or from the current of a watercourse.

[0007] Preferably, the invention falls within the field of turbines that may be used in oscillating water column systems (hereinafter referred to as “OWC systems”, where said acronym stands for “Oscillating Water Column”).

[0008] Nothing naturally prevents the present invention from being extended, with minimal adaptations within the reach of a man skilled in the art, to sectors similar to those of the turbines for OWC systems, for example, for applications in watercourses so as to exploit the current thereof and / or in wind power plants and / or, more generally, for any aeraulic or hydraulic application that has the task of transforming the kinetic energy of an operating fluid into mechanical and / or electrical energy.

[0009] It is known that OWC systems are directly located in a water basin in order to exploit, through at least one turbine, the tidal streams and / or the wave movement thereof and obtain mechanical and / or electrical energy.

[0010] More precisely, said OWC systems are generally installed in a water basin, for example, in natural or artificial bays such as ports, docks or similar artifacts, while the turbine is generally placed inside a duct in fluid communication with the same water basin.

[0011] The wave or tidal movement generates a periodic and alternating movement of a water column that, by rising or descending inside said duct, pushes the air present inside it to pass through the turbine, causing the blades thereof to rotate. Preferably, since the air flow inside the duct changes direction cyclically, the turbine of said OWC systems is, for example, a self-rectifying turbine, i.e. capable of rotating the blades always in the same direction (clockwise or anticlockwise) regardless of the direction of the air flow passing therethrough.

[0012] In an OWC turbine, it is also known to use at least one conveyor to better direct and accelerate the fluid approaching the inlet section thereof; see, for example, the turbines described and illustrated in documents KR 2011 0137489 A and / or WO 2020 / 120678 Al.

[0013] Between the outlet of the conveyor and the turbine, there is also normally provided a “clearance” or “port”, hereinafter, for simplicity, referred to as “slit”, in order to avoid, with the turbine in rotation, mechanical interferences or frictions between the parts that would cause a malfunction and / or breakage thereof.

[0014] It is also known that said slit causes noise for the turbine as it represents a discontinuity and disturbance zone for the flow of the operating fluid.

[0015] More precisely, in proximity to the turbine inlet, the flow of the operating fluid may become highly turbulent and swirling, causing significant vibrations both on the conveyor and on the blades of the same turbine.

[0016] Generally, in order to avoid such problem, an intervention is made on the dimensions and width of such slit, but to date without appreciable and effective results.

[0017] For example, in order to reduce such noise, it is possible to distance as much as possible the conveyor from the turbine, that is, to “increase” the width of the slit provided between them, but this would result in an unacceptable reduction in the overall power of the same turbine.

[0018] On the contrary, approaching the conveyor to the turbine, i.e., reducing the aforementioned slit to a minimum, would dangerously increase the risk of mechanical interferences and frictions, and, at the same time, the operating fluid exiting the conveyor may generate annoying hisses, worsening or, in fact, not solving the noise problem.

[0019] The object of the present invention is to obviate such type of drawbacks, by providing for an innovative aeraulic and / or hydraulic turbine with reduced noise when in operation, while ensuring high mechanical and performance efficiency. These and other objects, which shall appear clear hereinafter, are achieved with a turbine according to the independent claims.

[0020] Other objects may also be achieved by means of the additional features of the dependent claims.

[0021] Further features of the present invention shall be better highlighted by the following description of at least a preferred embodiment, according to the patent claims and illustrated, by way of a non-limiting example, in the accompanying drawing tables, wherein:

[0022] - Figures la, lb, 1c, Id show in multiple sections, front and / or axonometric views an aeraulic and / or hydraulic turbine according to state of the art;

[0023] - Figures 2a, 2b, 2c show in multiple axonometric views the turbine of Figure la- Id in different operating configurations;

[0024] - Figures 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d show an exploded view and multiple sections, front and / or axonometric views of a possible application of the turbine of Figure la-ld;

[0025] - Figures 4a, 4b, 4c, 4d show in multiple sections, front and / or axonometric views an aeraulic and / or hydraulic turbine according to a first embodiment of the invention;

[0026] - Figures 5a, 5b, 5c show in multiple axonometric views the turbine of Figure 4a-4d in different operating configurations;

[0027] - Figures 6a, 6b, 6c, 6d show in multiple sections, front and / or axonometric views an aeraulic and / or hydraulic turbine according to a second embodiment of the invention;

[0028] - Figures 7a, 7b, 7c show in multiple axonometric views the turbine of Figure 6a-6d in different operating configurations;

[0029] - Figures 8a, 8b, 8c, 8d show in multiple sections, front and / or axonometric views an aeraulic and / or hydraulic turbine according to a third embodiment of the invention;

[0030] - Figures 9a, 9b, 9c show in multiple axonometric views the turbine of Figure 7a-7d in different operating configurations.

[0031] The features of at least one preferred variant of the turbine of the invention are now described, using the references contained in the figures.

[0032] It is specified, also, that any dimensional and spatial term (such as “lower”, “upper”, “inner”, “outer”, “front”, “rear”, “vertical”, “horizontal” and the like) refers, unless otherwise indicated, to the position according to which the object of the invention is shown in the drawings, which does not necessarily coincide with the position of the same in operating conditions.

[0033] With the purpose of highlighting some features instead of others, not necessarily what described in the annexed drawings is perfectly to scale.

[0034] Therefore, 1 indicates, as a whole, a turbine comprising a rotor 2, capable of rotating around an axis of rotation X-X when crossed by a fluid.

[0035] As shall be seen in more detail, said turbine 1 is preferably designed for the production of energy, for example electrical and / or mechanical energy, and, by way of an example, may be of the OWC type, i.e.: - installable in a duct in fluid communication with a water basin, which may consist of, without any limiting intent, any water pool, natural or artificial, provided that it is subject to tides or wave movements, and

[0036] - capable of being crossed by the air flow that overlies and is pushed by the water column generated inside the duct as a result of said wave or tidal movement.

[0037] Naturally, nothing prevents the possibility of extending the use of the turbine 1, with minimal adaptations within the reach of a man skilled in the art, also to similar fields, for example by positioning it along a watercourse to exploit the current thereof, in such case being it possible a “free installation” thereof, i.e. without the aforementioned duct, and / or as a wind turbine.

[0038] For descriptive simplicity, the fluid that passes through turbine 1 shall be therefore referred to as “operating fluid” regardless of the nature and characteristics thereof. In other words, said operating fluid may indifferently consist of a gas (e.g., as anticipated, air) or of a liquid (e.g., water).

[0039] As illustrated in the various figures attached to the present description, the rotor 2 of the turbine 1 is preferably made with a substantially cylindrical geometry.

[0040] Furthermore, said turbine 1 is preferably of the “radial” type, i.e. comprising a radial inlet and outlet for the operating fluid.

[0041] Preferably, the radial inlet and outlet of the operating fluid in / from the turbine 1 are in a diametrically opposed position.

[0042] The rotor 2 comprises a rotation shaft 20, which is substantially coincident with, and / or defines, the axis of rotation X-X of the turbine 1.

[0043] Said rotation shaft 20 may:

[0044] - be of the type comprising two portions 200, 201 opposite and distal to each other, respectively constrained and projecting externally from a first 210 and second 211 lateral flange of the turbine 1, or

[0045] - consist of a single body, substantially tubular, which develops and extends seamlessly inside the cylindrical body of the rotor 2, passing through it in a longitudinal direction. In both cases, the rotation shaft 20 of the turbine 1 may be connected and / or cooperate with a user (not shown in the figures) for the production of electrical energy (e.g., with an alternator) or with an operating machine, or similar machines, for the production and / or exploitation of mechanical energy.

[0046] Between said two flanges 210, 211 of the rotor 2, a plurality of blades 22 arranged radially and adjacent to each other develops, according to a substantially longitudinal dimension.

[0047] Said blades 22 may take on the most varied shapes and may consist preferably of a non-symmetrical wing profile.

[0048] Furthermore, without any limiting intent, the blades 22 may all have the same shape and / or have a preferably constant section both along the longitudinal and transverse development thereof. In other words, according to a possible embodiment of the invention, each blade 22 may have a constant thickness both with respect to the length and the width thereof (where, as is known, thickness is to be understood substantially as the distance between the back and the face of the blade 22, measured perpendicularly to the wing chord thereof).

[0049] For the purposes of the invention, it is useful to refer to some known geometric elements of the turbine 1 and / or of the relative blades 22.

[0050] In particular, with reference to the advancement direction F of the operating fluid intended to pass through the turbine 1 and considering a view of said blades 22 on a plane perpendicular to the axis of rotation X-X, the “leading-edge BA” is defined as the geometrically “most advanced” points of the blade 22, i.e. the points located substantially in proximity to, or at the inlet zone of the operating fluid into the rotor 2.

[0051] More generally, considering the direction F of the operating fluid, the “leading section” SI is defined as that portion of the rotor 2 located in proximity to the inlet of the turbine 1 and adapted to allow the operating fluid, upstream of said turbine 1, to enter the volume 10 therewithin.

[0052] For clarity, said leading section SI involves one or more of the blades 22 of the rotor 2 located at the inlet of the rotor 2. It should also be noted that two adjacent blades 22 define a duct 222 therebetween, hereinafter referred to as the “rotor duct 222” (see, for example, figure lb).

[0053] Such rotor duct 222 allows, through the inlet section 223 thereof, the operating fluid upstream of the turbine 1 to enter the interior thereof, i.e. in the volume 10 thereof (figure Id).

[0054] The turbine 1 may also comprise at least one conveyor 3 shaped in order to guide and direct the operating fluid against the blades 22 of the rotor 2 according to a desired and optimal incidence.

[0055] Generally, such conveyor 3 is positioned externally to the leading section SI of the rotor 2 of the turbine 1, upstream of the same (always referring to the advancement direction F of the operating fluid).

[0056] Preferably, said conveyor 3 is shaped in order to accelerate the operating fluid when approaching the leading section SI.

[0057] For such purpose, said conveyor 3 may define, in cooperation with the duct 6 that houses it together with the turbine 1, a convergent channel 60, according to the travel direction F of the operating fluid (see figure 3a-3d).

[0058] Said conveyor 3 may therefore consist of a suitably inclined plane according to / as a function of the rotation direction of the turbine 1 and, consequently, may provide for an increasing slope from the inlet 61 of the duct 6 to the leading section SI of the turbine 1; in other words, for said conveyor 3 a minimum height at said inlet 61 and a maximum height in proximity to said leading section SI are identified, as schematically shown in the attached figures.

[0059] That is, at least two sections are identified for the conveyor 3:

[0060] - an inlet section 30 for the operating fluid located at said inlet 61 of the duct 6, and

[0061] - an outlet or “exhaust” section 31, which is located in proximity to the leading section SI of the turbine, in an opposite position and at a higher height than the inlet section 30.

[0062] As already partially anticipated, between the exhaust section 31 of the conveyor 3 and the leading section SI, a slit 4 is provided and / or left, of a width at least sufficient to avoid mechanical interferences (e.g. frictions or impacts) among the blades 22, when rotated by the operating fluid, and the same conveyor 3.

[0063] According to the invention, it is possible to identify an “interception zone 5” corresponding to at least one portion of the inlet section 223 of at least one rotor duct 222.

[0064] With 22’, instead, a blade of the rotor 2 of the turbine 1 is indicated which is, at least in part, substantially facing and cooperating with the exhaust section 31 of the conveyor 3.

[0065] Hereinafter, such blade shall be referred to as operating blade 22’ and, as seen, it may define with the blades 22”, 22’”, immediately adjacent thereto at the top and bottom, a respective rotor duct 222.

[0066] According to the state of the art, in a turbine 1, illustrated by way of an example in figure la-ld and / or 2a-2c (but see also document KR 2011 0137489 A), the arrangement of the conveyor 3 with respect to the rotor 2 is such that said interception zone 5 comprises the entire length of the exhaust section 31 of the conveyor 3 and of the relative operating blade 22’, interfaced thereto, and / or of those 22”, 22’” adjacent with which it defines a rotor duct 222, where, hereinafter, “length” means the dimension of said elements parallel to the aforementioned axis X-X.

[0067] In such case, the operating fluid, when it reaches the rotor 2, interacts and hits entirely and at the same time all the points / areas of the entire leading-edge BA of at least the operating blade 22’ .

[0068] In fact, according to such operating configuration, the exhaust section 31 of the conveyor 3 and the leading-edge BA of at least one operating blade 22’ remain, during the rotation of the rotor 2, constantly parallel to each other, as shown, without any limiting intent, in figures 2a-2c.

[0069] In other words, the inlet section (or, equivalently, interception zone 5) of the operating fluid in the turbine 1 substantially comprises the entire length or the entire longitudinal development of the inlet section 223 of the rotor duct 222 that said operating blade 22’ defines with the immediately adjacent one, in particular with the lower 22’” or the upper 22’ ’ blade.

[0070] It is also observed that the interception zone 5, which, as just seen, corresponds to the entire length of the rotor duct 222, remains unchanged even during the rotation of the rotor 2, that is, when the operating blade 22’, for example, moves away from the exhaust section 31 of the conveyor and a subsequent blade approaches such section 31.

[0071] In such case, however, the height or transverse development / extension of the interception zone 5 changes progressively, since, due to the rotation of the rotor 2, the transverse distance between the exhaust section 31 of the conveyor 3 and the operating blade 22’ progressively varies.

[0072] In fact, when the operating blade 22’ is perfectly aligned and interfaced with the exhaust section 31, the interception zone 5, delimited by the operating 22’ and the upper 22’ blade (see, for example, figure 2b), has the maximum transverse extension thereof, which substantially corresponds to the entire height of the rotor duct 222.

[0073] Following the rotation of the rotor 2, imparted by the operating fluid advancing in the direction F (for example, in figure 2b-2c such rotation is clockwise), the operating blade 22’ moves away from the exhaust section 31 and misaligns with respect thereto, while the lower blade 22’” approaches the same section 31. This movement determines the opening of a second rotor duct 222, the transverse extension whereof progressively increases as the operating blade 22’ moves away from the exhaust section 31 of the conveyor 3 and the lower blade 22’” approaches it.

[0074] In such case, therefore, considering the rotation direction of the rotor 2 imparted by said operating fluid, the interception zone 5 opens progressively increasing the transverse extension thereof, while the longitudinal one remains substantially unchanged (see figure 2c).

[0075] Such transverse extension returns to the maximum value when the lower blade 22’”, aligns and interfaces directly with the exhaust section 31, in turn assuming the role of operating blade.

[0076] However, according to the invention, in order to reduce the noise of the turbine 1, when operating, depending, as seen, on the presence of such slit 4, the arrangement of the conveyor 3 is modified with respect to the blades 22 of the rotor 2, or vice versa, so that the interception zone 5, instead of corresponding to the entire length of the inlet section 223 of a rotor duct 222, comprises at least a portion thereof 50, 50’ ... 50n.

[0077] Considering the reciprocal arrangement between the blades 22 of the rotor 2 and the exhaust section 31 of the conveyor 3 as shown in the figures from 5 to 9, and the rotation direction of said rotor 2 imparted by the operating fluid (clockwise in figure 5b, 7b and / or 9b), said portion 50, 50’ ... 50nis variable, in size and longitudinal extension, as a function of / during the rotation of the rotor 2, i.e. the length or longitudinal development of the inlet section 223 of the rotor duct 222 “intercepted” and cooperating with the conveyor 3 is only partially and progressively hit and crossed by the operating fluid.

[0078] In other words, as the rotor 2 of the turbine 1 rotates, said inlet section 223 of the rotor duct 222 is gradually “opened” both transversally and longitudinally and made available for the passage of the operating fluid.

[0079] In practice, the operating blade 22’ intercepts and progressively interfaces, during the rotation thereof, with a gradually increasing longitudinal portion of the exhaust section 31 of the conveyor 3.

[0080] For clarity, during the rotation of the rotor 2 of the turbine 1 shown in figures 5a to 5c (or equivalently 7a-7c and / or 9a-9c), the interception zone 5 may progressively pass from a minimum longitudinal extension (figure 5a, 7a, 9a), corresponding, by way of a non-limiting example, to the portion 50’, to a maximum longitudinal extension (figure 5c, 7c, 9c), corresponding to the portion 50’”, substantially equal (or almost) to the entire length of the leading-edge BA of the operating blade 22’, passing through one or more intermediate portions 50”.

[0081] It should be noted that, like the state of the art, there is also a variation in the development and transverse extension of the interception zone 5 due to the rotation of the rotor 2 and, as seen, by the consequent variation in the transverse distance between the exhaust section 31 and the operating blade 22’.

[0082] It should also be noted that, during the rotation of the rotor 2, depending on the geometric and construction features of the turbine 1 (e.g., according to the number of blades 22 of the rotor 2 and their pitch), said interception zone 5 may simultaneously comprise multiple rotor ducts 222.

[0083] More precisely, said interception zone 5 may simultaneously comprise, at least partially, two or more inlet sections 223 of the relative rotor ducts 222 that each operating blade 22’ identifies and defines with the blades 22 adjacent thereto (e.g., with the lower blade and the upper blade).

[0084] In summary, said interception zone 5 comprises at least one portion 50, 50’ ... 50nof the inlet section 223 of at least one rotor duct 222 which varies longitudinally and transversally, in dimension and extension, as a function / during the rotation of the rotor 2.

[0085] In other words, as a result of the rotation of the rotor 2, the extension of said inlet section 223 and therefore the area available for the passage of the operating fluid is progressively modified, both longitudinally and transversally.

[0086] Preferably, the extension of said inlet section 223 is modified, progressively increasing.

[0087] Furthermore, during the rotation of the rotor 2, said interception zone 5 may comprise and cooperate with multiple rotor ducts 222 at the same time.

[0088] As a consequence of all this, a more gradual and balanced “thrust” and / or interaction of the operating fluid with the blades 22, 22’, 22”, 22’” of each of the one or more rotor ducts 222 of the interception zone 5, which open progressively both longitudinally and transversally, is observed, to the benefit of a significant reduction in vibrations on the rotor 2, and therefore of the noise of the turbine 1, and of the contribution of each rotor duct 222 to the power that may be delivered by the same turbine 1, the maximum value whereof is reached more progressively and regularly. This is because, thanks to the mutual arrangement between the conveyor 3 and the blades 22, 22’, 22”, 22’” of the rotor 2, described shortly, and differently from the state of the art, the interaction between said conveyor 3 and at least a blade 22, 22’, 22”, 22’” is substantially “dot-like”; that is, conveyor 3 and at least the operating blade 22’ interface directly and closely with each other at a section with a reduced number of dots of the respective leading-edge BA and exhaust section 31, said section being represented and highlighted, for example, by the circular area A of the figures 5a-5c and 7a-7c.

[0089] That is, in other words, the longitudinal profiles of the exhaust section 31 of the conveyor 3 and of the operating blade 22’, or in general of all the blades 22 that define the one or more rotor ducts 222 hit by the operating fluid, are directly interfaced with each other only in a limited number of dots, resulting, for example, substantially interfaced in reciprocal geometric correspondence in a single point that varies instant by instant during the rotation of the rotor 2.

[0090] In essence, such profiles belong to distinct planes and may be approximated or considered as warped lines, i.e. not coplanar.

[0091] Such arrangements allow reducing the noise of the turbine 1, since the operating fluid, interacting therewith in a more “gentle” and gradual way, no longer produces strong vibrations on the blades 22 of the rotor 2 and / or on the conveyor 3, even in presence of the aforementioned slit 4 provided therebetween.

[0092] A variable interception zone 5, as described above, may be obtained according to the different construction variants of the turbine 1 shown in the figures 3 a to 9c.

[0093] For clarity of description, it is specified that each of the figures 5, 7 and 9 comprise multiple views, for example three views (5a-5c; 7a-7c; 9a-9c), of the same turbine 1 in different rotation stages / degrees of the rotor 2 thereof.

[0094] Therefore, with reference to figures 3a-3d and / or 4a-4c, said variable interception zone 5 is achieved by providing:

[0095] - blades 22 of the rotor 2 substantially horizontal and parallel to the axis of rotation X-X of the turbine 1, and

[0096] - a conveyor 3 in which at least the exhaust section 31 thereof is appropriately inclined by an angle a (e.g., with 5° < a < 15°, preferably with a = 10°) with respect to said axis of rotation X-X.

[0097] In other words, the conveyor 3 may develop according to an inclined plane with respect to said axis of rotation X-X and / or be appropriately warped at least in proximity to or at the exhaust section thereof 31.

[0098] Alternatively, as shown in figures 6a-6d and / or 7a-7c, said variable interception zone 5 is achieved by providing:

[0099] - blades 22 of the rotor 2 inclined with respect to the axis of rotation X-X of the turbine 1, for example by an angle P (e.g., with 4° < P < 8°, preferably with P = 6°), and

[0100] - a conveyor 3 in which at least the exhaust section 31 thereof is substantially horizontal and parallel to said axis of rotation X-X.

[0101] Finally, nothing prevents the possibility of providing for a configuration of the turbine 1 consisting of a combination of the two solutions just described above.

[0102] In such case, as shown in the figures 8a-8d and / or 9a-9c, both the blades 22 of the rotor 2 and the exhaust section 31 of the conveyor 3 are suitably inclined with respect to each other and with respect to the axis of rotation X-X of the turbine 1, for example by the aforementioned angles a and P respectively.

[0103] Finally, it is specified that several variants of the turbine according to the invention are possible for the man skilled in the art, without departing from the novelty scopes of the inventive idea, as well as it is clear that in the practical embodiment of the invention the various components described above may be replaced with technically equivalent elements or materials.

[0104] For example, although in the figures attached to the present description, the back of the blades 22 has been represented substantially smooth, nothing prevents the possibility of providing elements such as grooves, recesses, ribs, protuberances or the like, adapted to reduce the fluid dynamic resistance and improve the overall efficiency of the rotor 2 and, consequently, of the turbine 1.

[0105] Similar elements may also be provided on the surface 32 of the conveyor 3 of the turbine 1, whereon the operating fluid flows and advances. It is also specified that the rotor 2 of the turbine 1 of the invention, instead of consisting of a single "monobloc" element as illustrated in the accompanying figures, may be defined by the coupling and / or cooperation of multiple modules placed side by side, each equipped with its own blades 22, and having technical and functional features substantially similar to those of the rotor 2 described so far (variant not shown).

[0106] In such case, said blades 22 of a module may be substantially placed side by side in a longitudinal direction (i.e. with respect to the axis of rotation X-X of the turbine 1) to those of an adjacent module, separated between them by special rings or partition walls.

[0107] Said blades 22 may all be identical to each other, and those of a module may be staggered with respect to that of the immediately adjacent module.

[0108] With the turbine 1 of the invention, in the multiple executive variants thereof of the reciprocal arrangement between the conveyor and the blades of the rotor thereof, the intended purposes are therefore achieved, in particular, as seen, a strong reduction in the noise thereof when in operation, to the advantage of reducing noise pollution, while preserving mechanical and performance efficiency. All this may expand the number and types of areas and places of installation for the turbine 1 of the invention.

[0109] In other words, the invention allows obtaining an extremely silent turbine 1 without the need to intervene on the characteristics of the slit provided between the rotor thereof and the relative conveyor; said slit may therefore be designed and made with the most appropriate dimension and / or width so as to ensure and preserve the maximum efficiency and power to the turbine and avoid the risk of mechanical interferences and frictions among the parts in mutual movement.

Claims

CLAIMS1. Turbine (1) driven by an operating fluid for the production of electrical and / or mechanical energy comprising at least:- a rotor (2) capable of rotating around an axis of rotation X-X when said turbine (1) is crossed by said operating fluid according to an advancement direction (F) and, in turn, comprising:- a rotation shaft (20) coinciding with and / or defining said axis of rotation X-X,- a plurality of blades (22; 22’, 22”, 22’”) which develop longitudinally between two side flanges (210, 211) of said turbine (1), each blade (22; 22’, 22”, 22’”) defining with the adjacent one at least one rotor duct (222) comprising an inlet section (223) for said operating fluid, a leading section (SI) of said rotor (2) being further identified, adapted to enable said operating fluid to enter inside the volume (10) of said turbine (1),- at least a conveyor (3) shaped in order to guide and direct said operating fluid towards said blades (22; 22’, 22”, 22’”), said conveyor (3):- being positioned externally to said leading section (SI),- comprising at least one exhaust section (31), said turbine (1) further providing for an “interception zone” (5) at which at least a blade (22; 22’, 22”, 22’”) of said rotor (2) is substantially facing and cooperating with said exhaust section (31) of the conveyor (3), characterised in that said interception zone (5) comprises at least a portion (50, 50’ ... 50n) of said inlet section (223) of at least a rotor duct (222) which is longitudinally and transversely variable in size and extension depending on / during the rotation of said rotor (2), said inlet section (223) being therefore partially and progressively hit and crossed longitudinally and transversely by said operating fluid, and in that the longitudinal profiles of said exhaust section (31) of the conveyor (3) and of at least one of said blades (22; 22’, 22”, 22’”) aresubstantially interfaced in reciprocal geometric correspondence in a single point that varies instant by instant during the rotation of said rotor (2), said profiles belonging to distinct planes and being able to be approximated or considered as warped lines2. Turbine (1) according to claim 1, characterised in that said interception zone (5) may cooperate simultaneously, at least partially, with multiple rotor ducts (222).

3. Turbine (1) according to one or more of the previous claims, characterised in that:- said at least a blade (22, 22’, 22”, 22’”) of said rotor (2) is substantially horizontal and parallel to said axis of rotation X-X of said turbine (1),- at least said exhaust section (31) of said conveyor (3) is inclined by an angle a with respect to said axis of rotation X-X of said turbine (1).

4. Turbine (1) according to the previous claim, characterised in that said conveyor (3) develops according to an inclined plane with respect to said axis of rotation X-X of said turbine (1) and / or it is suitably warped at least in the proximity or at said exhaust section (31) thereof.

5. Turbine (1) according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterised in that:- said at least a blade (22; 22’, 22”, 22’”) of said rotor (2) is inclined by an angle P with respect to said axis of rotation X-X of said turbine (1),- at least said exhaust section (31) of said conveyor (3) is substantially horizontal and parallel to said axis of rotation X-X of said turbine (1).

6. Turbine (1) according to claim 1 and / or 2, characterised in that:- said at least a blade (22, 22’) of said rotor (2) is inclined by said angle P with respect to said axis of rotation X-X of said turbine (1),- at least said exhaust section (31) of said conveyor (3) is inclined by said angle a with respect to said axis of rotation X-X of said turbine (1).

7. Turbine (1) according to any previous claim, characterised in that said angle a is comprised between 5° and 15° degrees, preferably equal to 10°, and that said angle P is comprised between 4° and 8° degrees, preferablyequal to 6°.

8. Turbine (1) according to any previous claim, characterised in that it is an aeraulic and / or hydraulic turbine for the production of electrical and / or mechanical energy, such as: - a turbine (1) capable of using the tidal streams and / or the wave movement of a water basin, said turbine (1) being able to be installed in a duct (6) in fluid communication with said water basin and capable of being crossed by an air flow that overlies and is pushed by a water column generated inside said duct (6), or- a wind turbine.

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